WO2015194478A1 - Blasting device and blasting method - Google Patents
Blasting device and blasting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015194478A1 WO2015194478A1 PCT/JP2015/067039 JP2015067039W WO2015194478A1 WO 2015194478 A1 WO2015194478 A1 WO 2015194478A1 JP 2015067039 W JP2015067039 W JP 2015067039W WO 2015194478 A1 WO2015194478 A1 WO 2015194478A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- blasting
- classification
- nozzle
- suction
- injection material
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
- B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
- B24C3/04—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other stationary
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
- B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
- B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
- B24C7/0046—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier
- B24C7/0053—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier with control of feed parameters, e.g. feed rate of abrasive material or carrier
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a dry blasting apparatus that injects an injection material together with compressed air toward a workpiece, and particularly relates to a suction blasting apparatus and a blasting method.
- a suction-type blasting apparatus is configured to mix compressed air and an injection material inside a nozzle by using a suction force generated inside the nozzle by compressed air injected into the nozzle (for example, Patent Document 1). ). Since this type of blasting apparatus does not require a pressurized tank like a direct pressure type, the blasting apparatus itself is compact.
- the blast processing apparatus normally collects and classifies powder particles including the injected spray material, and then sprays only the reusable spray material from the nozzle again.
- the suction type blasting apparatus it is necessary to suck the classified spray material into the nozzle by the suction force of the nozzle. Therefore, as in Patent Document 1, it is common to arrange a classification device and a hopper for storing the classified injection material at the upper part of the housing and use gravity in addition to the suction force.
- the size of the entire apparatus becomes large. For this reason, with conventional devices, for example, the maintenance of these devices when they are replaced with another type of propellant, and the maintenance work such as inspection work when these devices malfunction is good. I can't say that.
- positioning a blast processing apparatus in a factory may not be satisfy
- the visual field in a factory may be obstructed. In this technical field, a compact suction type blasting apparatus and a blasting method are desired.
- a blasting apparatus provided with a blasting nozzle for injecting an injection material together with compressed air.
- a blasting apparatus includes a housing, a blasting nozzle, a classification mechanism, a suction mechanism, a storage hopper, and an injection material transfer mechanism.
- the casing defines a blasting chamber which is a space closed inside.
- the blasting nozzle is accommodated in the blasting chamber and injects the spray material together with the compressed air.
- the classifying mechanism is connected to the blast processing chamber and classifies the powder and granular material containing the propellant therein.
- the suction mechanism is connected to the classification mechanism and sucks the inside of the classification mechanism.
- the storage hopper is connected to the classification mechanism and stores the injection material classified by the classification mechanism.
- the injection material transfer mechanism is provided in the storage hopper, and transfers the injection material stored in the storage hopper to the blasting nozzle.
- the blasting nozzle has an air nozzle for supplying compressed air, an injection nozzle for injecting the injection material and compressed air, and an injection material suction port into which the air nozzle and the injection nozzle are inserted and connected to the injection material transfer mechanism. Having a nozzle holder.
- the storage hopper is disposed below the blasting nozzle.
- the entire blasting apparatus is compact.
- the storage tank is located at the bottom of the casing, that is, below the blasting nozzle, it is possible to stably transfer the propellant to the blasting nozzle only by the suction force generated inside the blasting nozzle. Have difficulty.
- the injection material transfer mechanism since the injection material transfer mechanism is provided, the injection material can be stably transferred to the blasting nozzle.
- the blasting apparatus may further include a base. And a housing
- casing may be arrange
- the classification mechanism and the storage hopper may be disposed inside the casing and between the blasting chamber and the base. Since the classification mechanism is disposed at a lower position than in the prior art, the blasting apparatus becomes more compact.
- the propellant transfer mechanism may suck outside air by a suction force generated by supplying compressed air from the air nozzle into the nozzle holder and transfer the propellant using the flow of the outside air. . Without separately providing a power source for transferring the propellant, the propellant can be stably transferred to the blasting nozzle.
- the storage hopper may have a first side surface and a second side surface facing the first side surface.
- the injection material transfer mechanism passes through the first side surface, the rear end passes through the position of the injection material take-out pipe disposed inside the storage hopper, and the second side surface facing the injection material take-out pipe, and the tip is And an outside air introduction pipe disposed inside the storage hopper.
- the spray material can be transferred to the blasting nozzle with a simple configuration.
- the tip of the outside air introduction pipe is inserted into the injection material take-out pipe, and the gap between the outer wall of the outside air introduction pipe and the inner wall of the injection material take-out pipe may be adjustable.
- the amount of the spray material transferred to the blasting nozzle can be arbitrarily set, so that the processing capability can be set.
- the outside air introduction pipe is continuously formed such that its outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the injection material take-out pipe, and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the injection material take-out pipe at the tip of the outside air introduction pipe. A portion that reduces the diameter may be provided. The clearance between the outer wall of the outside air introduction pipe and the inner wall of the injection material take-out pipe can be easily adjusted.
- the classification mechanism may include a rectifying member, a classification member, a suction member, and an input member.
- the rectifying member has a cylindrical shape, is provided so that the axis extends in the horizontal direction, and one end surface is closed by a closing plate.
- the classifying member is connected to the other end of the rectifying member so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the rectifying member, and has a space for classifying the granular material containing the injection material therein.
- the suction member has a cylindrical shape, is disposed inside the rectifying member through the closing plate, and is disposed concentrically with the rectifying member.
- the charging member is a member for charging the granular material containing the spray material into the classification mechanism, and is provided on the closing plate side of the rectifying member.
- the suction member is connected to the suction mechanism, and the input member is disposed so that the injection material is transferred toward the classification member along the inner wall of the rectifying member.
- the rectifying unit is formed by the inner wall surface of the rectifying member and the outer wall surface of the suction member located inside the rectifying member, and the wall surface of the classification member at a position facing the end surface of the rectifying unit is the end surface.
- the ratio of the length from the end surface of the rectifying unit to the wall surface of the classification member located at the position facing the end surface with respect to the length of the rectifying unit may be 1.25 to 1.75.
- the ratio of the diameter of the rectifying member to the diameter of the suction member in the rectifying unit may be 1.5 to 2.0.
- One embodiment of the blasting method by the blasting apparatus having these configurations includes a suction step of sucking the blasting chamber by a suction mechanism, and supplying compressed air to the air nozzle to direct the spray material from the spray nozzle to the workpiece. And a step of cleaning the workpiece by colliding the injection material, and a classification step of recovering the injection material from the granular material containing the injected injection material by a classification mechanism.
- the classification step includes a step of generating a gas flow toward the classification member while turning the rectifying unit while making the inside of the classification mechanism negative pressure by the operation of the suction mechanism, and the classification including the injection material from the input member.
- the reusable spray material can be accurately collected without using a vertical air classifier such as a conventional blasting apparatus, so that even if a plurality of workpieces are blasted, the processing is performed. Blasting can be performed with little variation.
- a blasting apparatus more compact than a conventional blasting apparatus and a processing method using the apparatus are provided.
- FIG. 1A is a front view
- FIG. 1B is a right side view
- FIG. 1C is a rear view.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram (partial cross-sectional view) for explaining the blasting nozzle shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4A is a side view
- FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram showing a cross section taken along the line AA in FIG. 4A.
- It is a flowchart explaining the classification process of the blast processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an appearance of a blasting apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
- 1A is a front view
- FIG. 1B is a right side view
- FIG. 1C is a rear view.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section along the line AA in FIG.
- the blasting apparatus 1 includes, for example, a blasting nozzle 10, a housing 20, a classification mechanism 30, a suction mechanism 40, a storage hopper 50, an injection material transfer mechanism 60, and a base 70 that forms a bottom surface.
- the blasting nozzle 10 is a so-called suction type.
- the blast processing nozzle 10 is disposed in a blast processing chamber R described later, and injects an injection material together with compressed air.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram (partial sectional view) for explaining the blasting nozzle shown in FIG.
- the blasting nozzle 10 includes, for example, a nozzle holder 11, a cylindrical air nozzle 12, and a cylindrical injection nozzle 13.
- the mixing chamber 11c which mixes compressed air and an injection material is formed in the inside.
- the nozzle holder 11 includes three openings that communicate with the mixing chamber 11c.
- the nozzle holder 11 includes an injection material suction port 11a, an air nozzle insertion port 11d, and an injection nozzle insertion port 11e.
- the center of the air nozzle insertion port 11d and the injection nozzle insertion port 11e is coaxial.
- the injection material suction port 11a is formed in a direction crossing the direction in which the air nozzle insertion port 11d and the injection nozzle insertion port 11e are arranged.
- the injection material suction port 11 a is an opening for introducing (suction) the injection material into the nozzle holder 11.
- the injection material suction port 11 a communicates with a path 11 b formed inside the nozzle holder 11.
- the path 11b communicates with the mixing chamber 11c.
- the air nozzle 12 is fixed by being inserted into the air nozzle insertion port 11d (one end side of the nozzle holder 11 (upper end surface side in FIG. 3)).
- the injection nozzle 13 is fixed by being inserted into the injection nozzle insertion port 11e (the other end side of the nozzle holder 11).
- the air nozzle 12 and the injection nozzle 13 are arranged so that the center lines of the respective cross sections are located on substantially the same line.
- a mixing chamber 11 c is defined inside the nozzle holder 11 by the inner surfaces of the nozzle holder 11 and the injection nozzle 13.
- the air nozzle 12 is a nozzle for injecting compressed air into the nozzle holder 11.
- the compressed air path 12a has an accelerating portion 12b for accelerating the flow velocity of the compressed air.
- the air nozzle 12 is connected to a compressor (not shown).
- the injection nozzle 13 is a nozzle for injecting the compressed air and the injection material mixed in the mixing chamber 11c from the injection port 13a as a solid-gas two-phase flow.
- the solid-gas two-phase flow path includes an accelerating portion 13c continuously reduced in diameter from the end surface on the nozzle holder 11 side toward the tip, and a rectification that rectifies the flow of the solid-gas two-phase flow that has passed through the accelerating portion 13c. Part 13d.
- the adjustment of the injection pressure from the injection nozzle 13 is performed by a pressure adjustment valve V disposed on the front surface of the outer frame 23 described later.
- the pressure regulating valve V is provided in a path from an external air compressor (not shown) to the air nozzle 12.
- the pressure of the compressed air is adjusted by the pressure adjustment valve V so that the numerical value of the pressure gauge connected to the pressure adjustment valve V indicates a predetermined pressure during the injection from the injection nozzle 13.
- a solenoid valve E and a foot switch (not shown) connected to the solenoid valve E are further provided, and the solenoid valve E is turned ON / OFF by the foot switch, that is, the air nozzle 12.
- the presence or absence of supply of compressed air to can be switched.
- the housing 20 includes, for example, an upper casing 21, a lower casing 22, and an outer frame 23 fixed to the lower casing 22, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the casing 20 defines a blast processing chamber R therein. Specifically, a blasting chamber R is defined inside the upper casing 21 and the lower casing 22.
- the upper casing 21 has, for example, a box shape with an open bottom.
- the shape of the opening is, for example, a quadrangle.
- the upper casing 21 is one of the members that define the blast processing chamber R.
- the upper casing 21 includes a top surface and a bottom surface that face each other in parallel to the base 70, and four side surfaces that are erected perpendicular to the bottom surface (left and right side surfaces that face each other, a front surface, and a front surface). And a slope provided to connect the top surface to the front surface and the back surface.
- An observation window (view window) 21 a through which the inside of the blast processing chamber R can be observed is provided on the slope on the front side of the upper casing 21.
- a lighting window 21 b for taking outside light into the blasting chamber R is provided on the top surface of the upper casing 21.
- the observation window 21a and the daylighting window 21b are formed by fitting a visible plate member made of, for example, quartz glass into a window frame member.
- a working part 21 c is provided on the front surface of the upper casing 21.
- the working unit 21 c is an opening that communicates with the blast processing chamber R.
- the working unit 21c serves both as an intake port for taking in outside air when the inside of the blasting chamber R is sucked and an opening for an operator to put his hand into the blasting chamber R during blasting.
- a rubber plate provided with a plurality of radial cuts from the center is fixed to the working portion 21c.
- the lower casing 22 has, for example, an inverted truncated cone shape with an upper end surface opened.
- the lower casing 22 is one of the members that define the blast processing chamber R.
- the lower casing 22 has an upper end surface that is slightly larger than the bottom surface of the upper casing 21, and has a shape in which the cross-sectional area continuously decreases toward the bottom surface.
- a frame body 22 a on which the lower end of the upper casing 21 is fitted is erected on the upper end of the lower casing 22.
- a charging member 34 described later is connected to the lower end of the lower casing 22, and the blast processing chamber R and the classification mechanism 30 are connected via the charging member 34.
- the outer frame 23 has, for example, a box shape with upper and lower end surfaces opened.
- the shape of the opening is, for example, a quadrangle.
- the outer frame 23 is erected on the base 70.
- the upper end of the outer frame 23 is fixed to the frame 22 a of the lower casing 22. That is, the outer frame 23 supports the lower casing 22 while being separated from the base 70.
- the outer frame 23 can fix the lower casing 22 to the base 70 so as to have a predetermined height.
- Openings (notches) 23 a and 23 b are respectively provided in the lower part of the front surface and the back surface of the outer frame 23.
- the opening 23a on the front side of the outer frame 23 is used by an operator when maintaining the classification mechanism 30, the suction mechanism 40, the storage hopper 50, or the injection material transfer mechanism 60. Can be used to access The opening 23 b on the back side of the outer frame 23 can exhaust the air sucked by the suction mechanism 40 and dissipate heat generated by the suction mechanism 40.
- a hinge 24 is provided on the back surface of the outer frame 23 so that the lower end of the back surface of the upper casing 21 and the upper end of the back surface of the outer frame 23 (that is, the lower casing 22) are connected.
- the upper casing 21 is provided so that rotation is possible centering on the lower end of the back surface. More specifically, the upper casing 21 is rotatable around a hinge 24. By rotating the upper casing 21, the blasting chamber R can be opened and closed on the front surface of the blasting apparatus 1.
- a latch lock 25 is provided on the front surface of the outer frame 23. The upper casing 21 and the outer frame 23 (that is, the lower casing 22) are fixed by the latch lock 25.
- a sensor S that detects that the upper casing 21 is closed is provided on a side surface of the outer frame 23. If the sensor S does not detect that the upper casing 21 is closed, the blasting apparatus 1 does not operate. That is, in the state where the blasting chamber R is open, the injection material cannot be injected from the blasting nozzle 10. For this reason, the safety of the worker is improved.
- a processing plate 26 on which a workpiece can be placed when performing blasting is fixed.
- the processed plate 26 is provided with a plurality of openings through which the granular material containing the propellant can pass toward the bottom.
- a vertical cyclone classifier may be disposed so as to be positioned below the blasting nozzle 10, but in this embodiment, a classifying mechanism 30 having a configuration as shown in FIG. 4 is used.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the classification mechanism 30 shown in FIG. 4A is a side view
- FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram showing a cross section taken along the line AA in FIG. 4A.
- the classification mechanism 30 of the present embodiment is supplied with a granular material containing an injection material from the lower casing 22.
- the classification mechanism 30 includes, for example, a cylindrical rectifying member 31 having both ends opened, a substantially box-shaped classification member 32, a cylindrical suction member 33, and a rectangular cylindrical charging member 34.
- the cylindrical straightening member 31 has its axis (center axis) extending in the horizontal direction (X direction).
- One end surface of the rectifying member 31 (the right end surface in FIG. 4B) is closed by a ring-shaped closing plate 31a and a suction member 33 described later.
- a charging member 34 is connected to the lower end of the rectifying member 31.
- the other end of the rectifying member 31 (the left end surface in FIG. 4B) is connected to the upper portion of the classification member 32. Thereby, the inside of the rectification member 31 and the inside of the classification member 32 communicate with each other.
- the box-shaped classification member 32 has a vertically long rectangle when viewed from the front direction (positive direction of the Y axis), and has an upper portion that is circular and a lower portion that is shorter than the upper portion when viewed from the side direction (X direction). More specifically, the upper part of the classification member 32 has a circular shape whose longitudinal section viewed from the side of the apparatus (the viewpoint (X direction) in FIG. 4A) is equal to or larger than the diameter of the rectifying member 31.
- the classification member 32 is connected to the other end of the rectifying member 31 so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the rectifying member 31.
- the lower part of the classification member 32 is extended so that a space
- a storage hopper 50 is fixed to the bottom of the classification member 32.
- the axis (center axis) of the cylindrical suction member 33 extends in the horizontal direction (X direction).
- the outer diameter of the suction member 33 is smaller than the inner diameter of the rectifying member 31.
- the suction member 33 is disposed inside the rectifying member 31.
- the suction member 33 is disposed concentrically with the rectifying member 31. As described above, the rectifying member 31 and the suction member 33 form a double cylindrical structure.
- One end of the suction member 33 (the right end in FIG. 4B) is connected to the opening of the ring-shaped closing plate 31a.
- One end of the suction member 33 is connected to the suction mechanism 40.
- the suction mechanism 40 When the suction mechanism 40 is operated, the space of the rectifying member 31 and the classification member 32 is sucked from the suction member 33, so that the granular material including the outside air and the injection material is sucked into the classification mechanism 30 from the input member 34.
- the introduced outside air is directed toward the classification member 32 by the suction force from the suction member 33.
- the input member 34 is provided so that the lower end surface 34 a thereof is tangent to the circumferential inner wall surface of the rectifying member 31.
- the sucked outside air is directed to the classification member 32 along the inner wall of the rectifying member 31 through the flow path (rectifying portion 31 b) formed by the inner wall surface of the rectifying member 31 and the outer wall surface of the suction member 33. Flows in a spiral. The granular material containing the propellant is transported toward the classification member 32 on this airflow.
- the feeding member 34 may be provided so that the extended imaginary line of the upper end surface 34 b is tangent to the outer circumferential wall surface of the suction member 33. Even in this case, the sucked outside air flows spirally toward the classification member 32 along the outer wall of the suction member 33 in the rectifying unit 31b, and the granular material including the propellant is transported by this air flow. Is done.
- the granular material containing the propellant that has passed through the rectifying unit 31b continues to advance while further turning and reaches the classification member 32. Then, the vehicle further advances while decelerating while continuing to turn (arrow “a” in FIG. 4B).
- the reusable propellant which is heavy particles, falls to the bottom of the classification member 32 due to gravity and accumulates in the storage hopper 50 (arrow “b” in the figure).
- cutting powder generated by blasting or non-reusable spray material that is light particles (hereinafter collectively referred to as “dust”) is sucked into the suction mechanism 40 from the suction member 33 (the arrow “ c ").
- the classification member located at the position facing the tip surface from the length of the rectifying unit 31b or the tip surface of the rectifying unit 31b (that is, the tip surface of the suction member 33 and the left cross section in FIG. 4B). If the length to the wall surface of 32 is too short, the classification efficiency decreases. If the length of the rectifying unit 31b is too short than necessary, the granular material containing the propellant cannot sufficiently obtain a turning force, so that it is sucked from the front end surface of the rectifying member 31 immediately after passing through the rectifying unit 31b. Will be. At that time, since the reusable spray material is also sucked, the classification efficiency is lowered.
- the propellant collides with the wall surface and rebounds without being sufficiently decelerated. Since the reusable injection material that has reached the vicinity of the suction member 33 is sucked from the front end surface of the suction member 33, the classification efficiency is lowered.
- the classification mechanism 30 itself is increased in size.
- the position of the rectifying unit 31b from the front end surface to the length L1 of the rectifying unit 31b is opposed to the front end surface.
- the ratio (L2 / L1) of the length L2 to the wall surface of a certain classifying member 32 may be set in the range of 1.25 to 1.75.
- the rectifying unit 31b In the rectifying unit 31b, if the diameter of the rectifying member 31 is too small with respect to the diameter of the suction member 33, the space of the rectifying unit 31b is too narrow and the passage of the granular material containing the injection material is hindered. As a result, in the rectifying unit 31b, the speed of the powder particles containing the propellant to be advanced toward the classification member 32 is reduced, and is immediately sucked from the front end surface of the suction member 33 after passing through the rectifying unit 31b. . At that time, since the reusable spray material is also sucked, the classification efficiency is lowered.
- the ratio (D2 / D1) of the diameter D2 of the rectifying member 31 to the diameter D1 of the suction member 33 is set to 1. in order to obtain good classification efficiency and prevent the classification mechanism 30 from becoming unnecessarily large. It may be set in the range of 5 to 2.0.
- the air flow rate in the rectifying unit 31b is too slow, the speed of the granular material containing the injection material becomes too slow, and the air is sucked from the tip surface of the suction member 33 immediately after passing through the rectifying unit 31b. If the air volume is too fast, the speed of the powder containing the spray material becomes too high, and the powder containing the spray material that has bounced off the wall of the classification member 32 moves to the vicinity of the tip of the suction member 33. In any case, since the reusable spray material is also sucked, the classification efficiency is lowered. Therefore, in order to obtain good classification efficiency, the air volume at the tip of the rectifying unit 31b may be adjusted to be 2.1 to 3.6 m 3 / min.
- the propellant includes ferrous and non-ferrous metal shots and cut wires and grids, ceramic particles (eg, alumina, silicon carbide, zircon, etc.), glass particles, resin particles (eg, nylon resin, melamine resin, urea) Resin), plant seed particles (for example, walnuts and peaches), and the like.
- the particle diameter is appropriately selected according to the specific gravity of these propellants.
- an injection material having a specific gravity of 1.1 to 4.0 alumina particles, glass beads, nylon, walnut, etc.
- a material iron shot, etc.
- it can be selected from a range of 45 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the classification member 32 is not limited to the shape of the present embodiment, and may be a cylindrical shape or a polygonal cylindrical shape. Moreover, you may have the part which reduced the area of the cross section continuously toward the lower end like this embodiment.
- the classifying mechanism 30 of this embodiment is smaller than the classifier used in a conventional blasting apparatus such as a vertical cyclone classifier. For this reason, the whole blast processing apparatus can be made compact.
- the suction mechanism 40 includes a suction mechanism main body 41 that is a sealed box, and a suction force generation source 42 connected to the suction mechanism main body 41.
- the suction mechanism main body 41 is connected to the classification mechanism 30, and a filter (not shown) for collecting dust is provided in the suction mechanism main body 41 in the path between the suction member 33 and the suction force generation source 42. Has been placed.
- a filter (not shown) for collecting dust is provided in the suction mechanism main body 41 in the path between the suction member 33 and the suction force generation source 42.
- the suction force generation source 42 is operated, dust in the classification mechanism 30 is sucked into the suction mechanism body 41 together with air. The sucked dust is collected by the filter when it is further transferred toward the suction force generation source 42, and only air is transferred to the suction force generation source 42.
- the collected dust can be collected by an operator accessing the opening / closing door 41a provided on the front surface of the suction mechanism main body 41 through the opening 23a, opening the opening / closing door 41a, and removing the filter. .
- the operation of the suction force generation source 42 is switched by operating the operation panel P disposed on the front surface of the outer frame 23.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the storage hopper and the injection material transfer mechanism shown in FIG.
- the upper end of the storage hopper 50 is fixed to the bottom of the classification member 32 of the classification mechanism 30.
- the storage hopper 50 has a box shape in which the internal space communicates with the classification mechanism 30.
- An injection material discharge member 51 is provided at the bottom of the storage hopper 50, and an opening for discharging the injection material in the storage hopper 50 is provided at the lower end of the injection material discharge member 51.
- a closing plug 52 is fitted into this opening.
- the stopper plug 52 of the present embodiment has a truncated cone shape made of rubber. When exchanging the spray material used in the blasting process, after removing the stopper plug 52 and taking out the spray material, the stopper plug 52 may be fitted again.
- an injection material transfer mechanism 60 for the injection material is arranged in the storage hopper 50.
- the injection material transfer mechanism 60 includes a circular injection material take-out pipe 61, a circular outside air introduction pipe mounting member 62, and an outside air introduction pipe 63.
- the injection material take-out pipe 61 is fixed so that the rear end 61a penetrates the side wall 50a (first side surface) (the left side wall in FIG. 5, the negative direction of the Y axis) of the storage hopper 50.
- the outside air introduction pipe attachment member 62 is fixed so as to penetrate the side wall 50b (second side face) (the right side wall in FIG. 5, the positive direction of the Y axis) facing the injection material take-out pipe 61 in the storage hopper 50.
- the outside air introduction pipe 63 is inserted and fixed to the outside air introduction pipe mounting member 62.
- the outside air introduction pipe 63 is fixed so that its tip 63a is positioned in the injection material take-out pipe 61.
- the injection material take-out pipe 61 is connected to the injection material suction port 11 a of the blasting nozzle 10. Due to the suction force generated inside the blasting nozzle 10, an air flow toward the blasting nozzle 10 is generated in the injection material take-out pipe 61. At that time, outside air is sucked from the outside air introduction pipe 63. That is, the external airflow is jetted at the tip of the external air introduction pipe 63. Due to this air flow, an air flow toward the injection material suction port 11a is generated in the vicinity of the right end of the injection material take-out pipe 61. The propellant in the storage hopper 50 is sucked into the propellant take-out pipe 61 and transferred to the blasting nozzle 10 by riding on this airflow.
- the outside air introduction pipe 63 may be a circular pipe whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the injection material take-out pipe 61.
- the outside air introduction pipe 63 has a shape in which the outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the injection material take-out pipe 61 and a portion that continuously decreases in diameter so that the tip 63 a becomes smaller than the inner diameter of the injection material take-out pipe 61. It is good.
- the gap between the outer wall of the outside air introduction pipe 63 and the inner wall of the injection material take-out pipe 61 can be adjusted by adjusting the left and right positions of the outside air introduction pipe 63.
- the amount of the injection material sucked into the injection material take-out pipe 61 can be changed. If this gap is too wide, the spray material cannot be stably sucked into the spray material take-out pipe 61, so the spray amount from the blasting nozzle 10 is not stable. That is, stable blasting cannot be performed.
- this clearance gap is too narrow, it will inhibit that an injection material passes this clearance gap.
- the classification mechanism 30, the suction mechanism 40, and the storage hopper 50 are smaller than conventional blasting apparatuses, and can be arranged on the base 70 so as to be included in the outer frame 23. Moreover, since it can be stably transferred to the blasting nozzle 10 by the injection material transfer mechanism 60, stable blasting can be performed. As a result, a compact and stable blasting process can be performed.
- a bulky base 71 having a U-shaped vertical cross section can be fixed to the base 70.
- the bulky base 71 can be easily moved by a forklift or the like.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a blasting method of the blasting apparatus shown in FIG.
- the operation panel P is operated, the suction mechanism 40 is operated, and the inside of the blast processing chamber R is sucked (S10: suction step).
- the latch lock 25 is unlocked, and the upper casing 21 is opened (S12).
- a predetermined amount of the injection material is put into the blast processing chamber R, and the injection material is transferred to the storage hopper 50 through the classification mechanism 30 (S14).
- the upper casing 21 is closed and locked by the latch lock 25 to fix the upper casing 21 and the lower casing 22 (S16).
- the blast processing chamber R which is a closed space is formed. Since the blasting chamber R is sucked by the suction mechanism 40, it becomes negative pressure, and the outside air flows into the blasting chamber R from the working portion 21c.
- the foot switch is turned “ON” to inject a solid-gas two-phase flow containing the injection material from the injection port 13a.
- the pressure adjusting valve V disposed on the front surface of the blasting apparatus 1 is operated, and the pressure is adjusted while confirming with a pressure gauge disposed on the front surface of the blasting apparatus 1 so that a predetermined injection pressure is obtained.
- the foot switch is turned “OFF” to stop the injection of the injection material, and the hand is extracted (S18).
- the latch lock 25 is unlocked, the upper casing 21 is opened (S20), and a work (workpiece) is placed on the processed plate 26 (S22). Thereafter, the upper casing 21 is closed and locked by the latch lock 25 to fix the upper casing 21 and the lower casing 22 (S24).
- the foot switch is turned “ON” to inject a solid-gas two-phase flow from the injection port 13a ( S26: injection process). Then, the workpiece is scanned with respect to the ejection port 13a by the operator himself / herself through the gloves, so that the workpiece is cleaned (S28: cleaning step). At this time, since the inside of the blasting chamber R is at a negative pressure, the granular material including the spray material (the spray material and dust) does not leak out of the blast processing chamber R.
- the state of blasting can be performed from the observation window 21a provided on the front side slope. Further, since the daylighting window 21b is provided on the top surface, the blasting chamber R can be observed without providing a projector in the blasting chamber R.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining a classification process of the blasting apparatus shown in FIG.
- the granular material containing the injection material injected from the injection port 13 a is transferred to the classification mechanism 30 by the suction force of the suction mechanism 40.
- the classification mechanism 30 In the classification mechanism 30, it is separated into reusable spray material and dust.
- the classification mechanism 30 has a negative pressure due to the suction force of the suction mechanism 40, and an air flow toward the classification member 32 is generated while turning in the rectifying unit 31b (S40).
- the granular material containing the propellant is charged into the classification mechanism 30 from the charging member 34 by this negative pressure (S42).
- the granular material containing the injection material that has reached the rectifying unit 31b advances toward the classification member 32 while turning by the air current generated in the rectifying unit 31b (S44).
- the reusable injection material that is heavy among the injection materials that have reached the classification member 32 falls due to gravity and is stored in the storage hopper 50 located below (S46).
- the reusable injection material transferred to the storage hopper 50 is transferred to the blasting nozzle 10 by the injection material transfer mechanism 60 and is again injected from the injection port 13a.
- light dust is sucked into the suction mechanism 40 and collected by the filter in the suction mechanism body 41 (S48). Above, the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 is complete
- the opening / closing door 41a located on the front surface of the blasting apparatus 1 is accessed through the opening 23a, the opening / closing door 41a is opened, the filter is removed, and the filter is cleaned.
- the degree of dust accumulation may be managed by attaching a differential pressure gauge to the suction mechanism main body 41 and managing this value, but may be managed to the extent that the filter is cleaned after one day of work.
- the worker When it is necessary to discharge the spray material from the blasting device 1 in order to change the spray material or to clean the blasting device 1, the worker is in a state where the upper casing 21 and the lower casing 22 are fixed. Accesses the stopper plug 52 through the opening 23 a of the outer frame 23, removes the stopper plug 52, discharges the injection material in the storage hopper 50, and then connects the stopper plug 52 to the opening of the injection material discharge member 51 again. Fit. Then, a nozzle (not shown) for injecting compressed air is inserted from the working unit 21c to remove the spray material and dust adhering in the blasting chamber R by air blowing, and from the blasting nozzle 10 by the foot switch. The injection material is removed from the injection material path by injection. By repeating this operation, the spray material in the blasting apparatus 1 can be completely discharged.
- Alumina-based particles (manufactured by Shinto Kogyo Co., Ltd .: AF24) were used as the propellant, and alumina-based fine particles (manufactured by Shinto Kogyo Co., Ltd .: WA # 800) were used as the pseudo dust.
- the powder material weighed and mixed so that the propellant is 98% and the pseudo dust is 2% is stored in the storage hopper 50, and then the blasting apparatus 1 is operated for 10 minutes. Powder particles were sprayed.
- O (1) is 95% or more and (2) is less than 1%.
- ⁇ (1) is 95% or more, and (2) is more than 1% and less than 5%.
- X ... (1) is less than 95%, or (2) is 5% or more.
- the ratio (L2 / L1) of the length L2 from the front end surface of the rectifying unit 31b to the wall surface of the classification member 32 at the position facing the front end surface with respect to the length L1 of the rectifying unit 31b is 1.25 to 1.75.
- the ratio (D2 / D1) of the diameter D2 of the rectifying member 31 to the diameter D1 of the suction member 33 is 1.50 to 2.00, and the air volume in the rectifying unit 31b is 2.1 to 3.6 m 3 / min In both cases, the evaluation was “ ⁇ ” or “ ⁇ ” (Examples 1 to 8).
- Examples 1 and 4 in which L2 / L1 or D2 / D1 was relatively low were evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, but this evaluation is slightly inferior in classification performance, but it is only about “ ⁇ ” when the conditions are optimized. Shows things. Therefore, it was suggested that the present invention can be sufficiently applied to a blast processing apparatus. On the other hand, when the air volume deviated from 2.1 to 3.6 m 3 / min, all were evaluated as “x”, and it was found that the classification performance was inferior (Comparative Examples 1 and 2).
- Injection material transfer mechanism 61 ... Injection Material take-out pipe, 62 ... outside air introduction pipe mounting member, 63 ... outside air introduction pipe, 70 ... base, 71 ... bulky base, a, b, c ... flow of air flow, propellant and dust in the classification mechanism, E ... Solenoid valve, P ... operation panel, S ... sensor, V ... pressure regulating valve.
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Abstract
Description
次に、本実施形態のブラスト加工装置1によるブラスト加工方法について説明する。図6は、図1に示すブラスト加工装置のブラスト加工方法を説明するフローチャートである。 (Blasting method)
Next, the blasting method by the
(1)初期の粉粒体の重量に対する試験後の大径粒子の重量の割合
(2)試験後の粉粒体の全重量に対する試験後の微粒子の重量の割合
評価基準は下記の通りである。 After the operation of the
(1) Ratio of weight of large particle after test to initial powder weight (2) Ratio of weight of fine particle after test to total weight of powder after test The evaluation criteria are as follows: .
Claims (10)
- 内部に閉じられた空間であるブラスト加工室を画成する筐体と、
前記ブラスト加工室に収容され、噴射材を圧縮空気と共に噴射するブラスト加工用ノズルと、
前記ブラスト加工室に接続され、その内部で噴射材を含む粉粒体を分級する分級機構と、
前記分級機構に接続され、前記分級機構の内部を吸引する吸引機構と、
前記分級機構に接続され、前記分級機構により分級された噴射材を貯留する貯留ホッパと、
前記貯留ホッパに設けられ、前記貯留ホッパに貯留された噴射材を前記ブラスト加工用ノズルに移送する噴射材移送機構と、
を備え、
前記ブラスト加工用ノズルは、
圧縮空気を供給する空気ノズルと、
噴射材及び圧縮空気を噴射する噴射ノズルと、
前記空気ノズル及び前記噴射ノズルが挿嵌され、前記噴射材移送機構に接続された噴射材吸引口を有するノズルホルダと、
を有し、
前記貯留ホッパは、前記ブラスト加工用ノズルより下方に配置されているブラスト加工装置。 A housing that defines a blasting chamber, which is a closed space inside,
A blasting nozzle that is housed in the blasting chamber and injects the spray material together with the compressed air;
A classification mechanism that is connected to the blasting chamber and classifies the granular material containing the propellant therein;
A suction mechanism connected to the classification mechanism and sucking the inside of the classification mechanism;
A storage hopper connected to the classification mechanism and storing the injection material classified by the classification mechanism;
An injection material transfer mechanism that is provided in the storage hopper and transfers the injection material stored in the storage hopper to the blasting nozzle;
With
The blasting nozzle is
An air nozzle for supplying compressed air;
An injection nozzle for injecting an injection material and compressed air;
A nozzle holder having an injection material suction port, into which the air nozzle and the injection nozzle are inserted and connected to the injection material transfer mechanism;
Have
The storage hopper is a blasting apparatus disposed below the blasting nozzle. - 前記ブラスト加工装置は基台をさらに備え、
前記筐体は前記ブラスト加工室を前記基台から離間させて支持するように該基台に配置され、
前記分級機構及び前記貯留ホッパは前記筐体の内部であって前記ブラスト加工室と前記基台との間に配置される請求項1に記載のブラスト加工装置。 The blasting apparatus further includes a base,
The housing is disposed on the base so as to support the blasting chamber spaced apart from the base;
The blasting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the classification mechanism and the storage hopper are disposed inside the housing and between the blasting chamber and the base. - 前記噴射材移送機構は、前記ノズルホルダ内に前記空気ノズルから圧縮空気を供給することで発生した吸引力により外気を吸引し、当該外気の流れを用いて噴射材を移送する請求項1又は2に記載のブラスト加工装置。 The said injection material transfer mechanism attracts | sucks external air with the attraction | suction force which generate | occur | produced by supplying compressed air from the said air nozzle in the said nozzle holder, and transfers an injection material using the flow of the said external air. The blasting apparatus described in 1.
- 前記貯留ホッパは、第1側面及び前記第1側面に対向する第2側面を有し、
前記噴射材移送機構は、
前記第1側面を貫通し、後端が前記貯留ホッパの内部に配置された噴射材取出管と、
前記噴射材取出管に対向した前記第2側面の位置を貫通し、先端が前記貯留ホッパの内部に配置された外気導入管と、
を備える請求項3に記載のブラスト加工装置。 The storage hopper has a first side surface and a second side surface facing the first side surface,
The propellant transfer mechanism is
An injection material take-out pipe penetrating the first side surface and having a rear end disposed inside the storage hopper;
An outside air introduction pipe penetrating through the position of the second side surface opposed to the injection material take-out pipe, the tip being disposed inside the storage hopper;
A blasting apparatus according to claim 3. - 前記外気導入管の先端が前記噴射材取出管に挿入されており、当該外気導入管の外壁と当該噴射材取出管の内壁との隙間が調整可能な構成である請求項4に記載のブラスト加工装置。 The blast processing according to claim 4, wherein a tip of the outside air introduction pipe is inserted into the injection material take-out pipe, and a gap between the outer wall of the outside air introduction pipe and the inner wall of the injection material take-out pipe is adjustable. apparatus.
- 前記外気導入管は、その外径が前記噴射材取出管の内径より大きく、且つ該外気導入管の先端は、その外径が該噴射材取出管の内径より小さくなるように連続的に縮径している請求項5に記載のブラスト加工装置。 The outside air introduction pipe is continuously reduced in diameter so that the outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the injection material take-out pipe, and the front end of the outside air introduction pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the injection material take-out pipe. The blasting apparatus according to claim 5.
- 前記分級機構は、
円筒形状を呈し、軸線が水平方向に延びるように設けられ、一端面が閉止板により閉止された整流部材と、
前記整流部材の軸線に対して直角となるように該整流部材の他端に連結され、内部に噴射材を含む粉粒体を分級する空間を有する分級部材と、
前記閉止板を貫通して前記整流部材の内部に配置され、前記整流部材と同心状に配置された円筒形状の吸引部材と、
噴射材を含む粉粒体を前記分級機構の内部に投入するための部材であって、前記整流部材の前記閉止板側に設けられた投入部材と、
を備え、
前記吸引部材は前記吸引機構と連結されており、
前記投入部材は噴射材が前記整流部材の内壁に沿って前記分級部材に向かって移送されるように配置されている請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のブラスト加工装置。 The classification mechanism is
A rectifying member having a cylindrical shape, provided so that the axis extends in the horizontal direction, and having one end face closed by a closing plate;
A classifying member connected to the other end of the rectifying member so as to be perpendicular to the axis of the rectifying member, and having a space for classifying the granular material containing the spray material inside;
A cylindrical suction member disposed through the closing plate and disposed inside the rectifying member, and disposed concentrically with the rectifying member;
A member for charging the granular material containing the propellant into the classification mechanism, the charging member provided on the closing plate side of the rectifying member;
With
The suction member is connected to the suction mechanism;
The blasting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the charging member is disposed so that the injection material is transferred toward the classification member along an inner wall of the rectifying member. - 前記整流部材の内壁面と、前記整流部材の内部に位置する前記吸引部材の外壁面により整流部が形成されており、
前記整流部の端面に対向する位置にある前記分級部材の壁面が該端面に対して平行であり、
前記整流部の長さに対する前記整流部の端面から該端面に対向する位置にある前記分級部材の壁面までの長さの割合が1.25~1.75である請求項7に記載のブラスト加工装置。 A rectifying part is formed by the inner wall surface of the rectifying member and the outer wall surface of the suction member located inside the rectifying member,
The wall surface of the classification member at a position facing the end face of the rectifying unit is parallel to the end face;
The blasting according to claim 7, wherein a ratio of a length from an end surface of the rectifying unit to a wall surface of the classification member at a position facing the end surface with respect to a length of the rectifying unit is 1.25 to 1.75. apparatus. - 前記整流部において、前記吸引部材の径に対する前記整流部材の径の割合が1.5~2.0であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のブラスト加工装置。 The blasting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein, in the rectifying unit, a ratio of the diameter of the rectifying member to the diameter of the suction member is 1.5 to 2.0.
- 請求項7~9のいずれか一項に記載のブラスト加工装置によるブラスト加工方法であって、
前記吸引機構により前記ブラスト加工室内を吸引する吸引工程と、
前記空気ノズルに圧縮空気を供給して前記噴射材を前記噴射ノズルから被加工物に向けて噴射する噴射工程と、
前記噴射材を衝突させて前記被加工物の研掃を行う工程と、
前記噴射された噴射材を含む粉粒体から噴射材を前記分級機構により回収する分級工程と、
を含み、
前記分級工程は、
前記吸引機構の作動により前記分級機構内を負圧にすると共に前記整流部において旋回しながら前記分級部材に向かう気流を発生させる工程と、
前記粉粒体を前記投入部材より該分級機構内に投入する工程と、
該噴射材を含む粉粒体を前記気流により旋回させながら該分級部材に向かって前進させる工程と、
該分級部材に到達した該噴射材を含む粉粒体から噴射材を該分級部材の底部に向かって落下させると共に残りの粉粒体を前記吸引部材より吸引する工程と、
を含むブラスト加工方法。 A blasting method by the blasting apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
A suction step of sucking the blasting chamber by the suction mechanism;
An injection step of supplying compressed air to the air nozzle to inject the injection material from the injection nozzle toward a workpiece;
Polishing the workpiece by colliding the spray material; and
A classification step of recovering the spray material from the granular material containing the sprayed spray material by the classification mechanism;
Including
The classification step includes
A step of generating an air flow toward the classification member while turning in the rectification unit while making the inside of the classification mechanism negative pressure by the operation of the suction mechanism;
A step of charging the granular material into the classification mechanism from the charging member;
A step of advancing toward the classification member while swirling the granular material containing the propellant by the air flow;
Dropping the spray material from the powder containing the spray material that has reached the classification member toward the bottom of the classification member and sucking the remaining powder from the suction member;
Blasting method including
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