WO2015189222A2

WO2015189222A2 - Measuring instrument

Info

Publication number: WO2015189222A2
Application number: PCT/EP2015/062862
Authority: WO
Inventors: Robert Stocker
Original assignee: Winkler, Edith
Priority date: 2014-06-12
Filing date: 2015-06-09
Publication date: 2015-12-17
Also published as: EP3154388A2; EP3154388B1; DE102014108302B4; WO2015189222A3; DE102014108302A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring instrument which can thermographically measure the inner area of items to be worn. Said measuring instrument is multi-layered and comprises at least one support element, a cover element and a hollow chamber into which a heat transfer medium can be introduced.

Description

measuring tool

Technical area

The present invention generally relates to a measurement tool for measuring the interior of garments according to claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for measuring the interior of a garment according to claims 1 1 and 13.

State of the art

One of the biggest challenges in the apparel trade concerns the fit issue: the notion of fit is poorly defined and poorly quantified, and generally the fitting of a garment (including footwear) is understood to be the adaptation of its shape Since every person has different body dimensions and different body proportions, in the case of body clothing, the clothing size alone does not make any statement beyond whether the clothing is optimally adapted to the body The same applies to footwear: the size of the shoe alone does not give a reliable indication of the actual fit of the shoe with regard to the corresponding individual foot, because with shoes the problem of fitting differs from the norm of adult foot forms (for example, a broad foot, a long instep) or in the case of pathologically altered feet (eg, B. lowering and splay). Also in fashionable shoe shapes with e.g. Tight toe gives way to the actual adaptation to the foot morphological conditions of the wearer from the optimal fit. An optimal fit is generally achieved by tailoring by a tailor or shoemaker.

The fit of clothing is generally given much attention, as both the physical comfort of the wearer and his social perception depends on it: the question of how the wearer's body is perceived by the social environment, affects the body awareness and the

Self-esteem of the wearer (Kim and Damhorst 2013). Despite the general Attention is paid to fitting and size issues

Consumer clothing (women and men) is very common, due in particular to the fact that manufacturers use different, non-uniformly standardized size systems (Clifford, 201 1). Particularly in the on-line purchase of apparel, the lack of buyer access to fit and size information of the garments concerned has resulted in an explosion of return rates.

The fit of footwear, by comparison, receives relatively little attention, although numerous studies have shown that under-fitted shoes are the main cause of excessive foot-wear (Marr and Quine 1993). The knowledge gained from numerous anthropometric footsteps on the diversity of national, gender-specific and individual differences in the foot shape ultimately confirm the individuality of the respective foot shape, but the problem of insufficient fit of industrially manufactured shoes (ready-made shoes) is unaffected. Because the fit of footwear includes not only the

actual "best-fit", but also the respective comfort, which the wearer subjectively describes and which also significantly depends on the materials used.Further, the fit depends crucially on the state of motion of the wearer: the so-called "static" Fit (rest) differs often significantly from the "functional" fit (running, jumping, jumping).

Manufacturers make use of the production of ready-to-wear shoes

size-standardized, three-dimensional shoe shapes. This form, the so-called last, determines the size, shape and heel height of the shoe built on it and corresponds to an image of the foot in a normal posture at medium load. The quality of the fit of the shoe is largely determined by the quality of the strips used (Clarks 1989). These are produced by means of databases of human foot dimensions (Chen and Perng 1999) taking into account empirical values (Reinschmidt and Nigg 2000). In contrast tailor-made tailor make according to the dimensions of the respective customer foot and the desired shoe model the so-called Maßleisten of wood. While using bespoke shoes the problem of individual fit for the customer can be largely satisfactorily taken into account, the fit problem of industrially manufactured shoes is still largely unsolved.

For the customer, therefore, it is often a problem to garments,

especially shoes to find the perfect fit. The problem is exacerbated in the area of online commerce, as the customer the fit of him

goods of interest can not be determined by trying on. For the customer, it is often impossible in this context, by means of the

Manufacturer / distributor specified information to assess the quality of the fit.

From the prior art, various approaches for determining the fit of garments are known, which are based either on the measurement of the respective garment or on the measurement of the wearer or a combination thereof. Especially with regard to shoes were

developed various possibilities for measuring the shoe interior.

EP 21 64355 discloses a tactile device and a method for detecting the 3-D spatial form of a body, wherein by means of a Tastendes a surface of the

Body is scanned. The keying is rigidly connected to a camera via a connecting device, so that the camera is always moved when the keying is moved. The camera is arranged in such a way that it can detect a surface provided with photogrammetrically evaluable marks, on which the body to be scanned stands, while the scanning element scans different points of the surface of the body to be scanned.

WO 2005/1 1 1539 describes a method for nondestructive determination of inside and / or outside dimensions of a shoe or boot. Here is a the

Inner surface of the shoe used in three dimensions measuring arrangement, with which by a radiological, computed tomographic,

Magnetic resonance tomography or other imaging measurement method layer by layer cross-sectional images are determined and stored. After the data acquisition, fixed points or virtual points related to the shape of the foot and connecting lines extending between them are determined. Alternatively, an X-ray logical recording method can be used, in which a X-ray contrast-giving calibration element, the measurement of the points of interest takes place.

DE 10 2005 039632 A1 discloses a method and a device for the

Measuring shoes of all kinds. The measurement is made by the use of

Laser beams made. DE 10 2012 004064 A9 relates to a computer tomographic method and a device for nondestructive determination of the inner dimensions of shoes.

In DE 10 2004 045858 A1 a device for measuring the

Interior of a shoe described, which is formed with a shaft portion and a subsequent to the shaft part foot part, wherein the foot part is adapted to the length of the interior of the shoe over the shaft part in the sense of a teaching. The foot part is dimensioned and constructed in such a way that it can be adjusted from a short plug-in state, which fits into shoes of any size, into a measurement state which is approximately adapted to the length of the interior. A similar procedure in principle involves US 6,19 2,593 B 1. Here, a pneumatically activated sensor is disclosed, which can move in the axial direction within a shoe and nondestructively detect the internal dimensions of the shoe. Starting from the heel of the shoe, a computer-controlled linear pneumatic transmission drives a probe until it touches the toe portion of the shoe. By means of a potentiometer, the linear distance, which the sensor has covered, is then measured.

In WO 2012052044A1 it is disclosed that a customization of the

Fußbettes the overall fit can be significantly improved, since the footbed plays at least as important role in the fit and operation of a shoe as the fit of the upper shoe; A further improvement can be achieved by simultaneously digitalizing the sections of the human foot that are visible from above and from the side using a 3-D foot scanner, which can thus also be taken into account in the fit. In addition, the printed image of the sole of the foot can be measured by means of a spatially resolving pressure sensor built into the foot scanner (US Pat. No. 7,489,813). The data obtained via scanners can now either be used in the production of individualized strips or else for

Adaptation of strips used in industrial shoe manufacturing. Further the data can be compared with records concerning digitized shoe rooms of ready-made shoes.

The documents DE 2007 032 609 and US Pat. No. 7,446,884 each disclose a method by which a 3D numerical model of the interior of a finished shoe can be produced. This 3D numerical model of the interior is intended to allow for improved adaptation of the digitized 3D foot shape of the wearer to the incompletely innerspring bar shapes from a last database, resulting in an improved fit.

In US 6,975,232 B 1, an apparatus and a method for

Visualize a foot inside a shoe to determine the fit of the shoe described. Device and method accomplish this by means of infrared thermography, wherein the device one or more of a

Base area directed thermographic instrument / s comprises, which serve to detect one or more thermal images of standing on the base foot combination or corresponding sections thereof. Starting from the thermal image, the person standing on the base can determine the fit of the shoe by means of a monitor arranged above the base.

In determining the fit of garments, such as blouses, jackets and pants, the vast majority of solutions are based on a measurement of the body / body parts of the wearer, for example, by conventional measurement (US 2,159,035), by photographic survey (US 5956525 A ) or by means of a 3-D body scanner (Ashdown, et al., NTC Project: S08-CR03, 2008) and the subsequent matching of the collected data with individual parameters measured on the garment, such as

Chest circumference, waist circumference and length.

WO2012075298 discloses a method for categorizing the body shapes, wherein a set of measurement data of the respective body part of interest (in front and side view) of a plurality of subjects is subjected to a principal component analysis. The measured data are generated by conventional measurement or by 3-D scanning. The

calculated principal components are included in the following cluster analysis; Their results ultimately serve to establish form-categories, whereby body forms of the plurality of subjects can be efficiently categorized.

The devices and methods known from the prior art

For the most part, they do not take into account at all or only insufficiently the textile-physical properties of the item of clothing / shoe, for example the elasticity of the materials used. In the case of the shoe is by means of the aforementioned

Scanner-based matching method attempts to fit the fit using the

Misportance of shoe or groin and foot to quantify - with

Exclusive restriction to foot anthropometry and without adequate consideration of material properties. However, these properties have a significant influence on the adaptation of the shoe shape to the human foot, as well as on the evaluation of this adaptation of the shoe shape, so the fit, by the wearer.

Disadvantages are the devices known from the prior art and

Procedures also in terms of ease of use and cost intensity. For example, the wearer requires the use of complex scanning technology in order to obtain a digitized image of the body / body part or

To produce foot. Also, the method of scanning the respective body part / foot requires some technical expertise, as certain

Landmarks for the recognition of bone structures and the orientation of the body to be measured in the room must be marked. The corresponding disadvantages also apply with regard to interiors of clothing items, in particular of shoes, detected by scanning technology.

Presentation of the invention, object, solution, advantages

Based on the aforementioned devices and methods of the prior art, the present invention therefore an object of the invention

Measuring tool and a method for measuring the interior of a

Garment, in particular a shoe to provide, which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art. Both that

Measuring tool as well as the method should be easy to use, so as to ensure an accurate, time-saving, effective measurement of a large number

to allow different interiors of garments. With regard The increasing sales of clothing, in particular shoes, in the online trade also results in an ecological advantage as a result of the large scale feasible, accurate measurement of the sales objects, since the

Reduction rate due to poor fit significantly reduces - which is the environment significantly less burden.

The object underlying the invention is achieved by the measuring tool defined in the claims, as can be seen from the enclosed

Exemplary embodiments. The solution according to the invention is based on a thermographic measuring method.

In a first aspect, the invention therefore relates to a measuring tool (1) for

Measuring the interior of a garment, comprising at least one internal support element (2). The measuring tool (1) furthermore comprises at least one input opening (4) arranged in a first plane (21) of the measuring tool (1) and leading into the supporting element (2), and at least one, in a second plane (22) of the measuring tool (FIG. 1) arranged, from the

Support element (2) outgoing output opening (5). The at least one

Output opening is connected to the at least one input opening (4) via at least one connecting passage (6). The measuring tool (1) further comprises at least one envelope element (7). Between the at least one

Supporting element (2) and the at least one envelope element (7), a cavity (8) is arranged, which is fluidically connected to the at least one outlet opening (5). A measuring tool (1) designed in this way is therefore characterized by a three-layered structure comprising at least one support element (2), at least one enveloping element (7) and a cavity (8).

According to the invention, a support element (2) designates a component which, due to the strength of the selected material and its geometric dimensions (eg cross-sectional geometry, length), is able to absorb loads, in particular loads in the direction of its longitudinal axis. With regard to the nature of its material, the support element (2) additionally only has the limitation that the material should have the lowest possible thermal conductivity.

Preferably, the support element (2) according to the invention may consist of a thermo-or thermosetting polymer or a combination thereof, for example of polypropylene or polyethylene. In contrast, under an enveloping element (7) According to the invention, an element is understood which with regard to its

Material properties of the support element (2) differs. Preferably, the enveloping element (7) according to the invention may consist of an elastomeric polymer.

In particular, an enveloping element (7) is made of a material having a lower strength compared with the material of the supporting element (2) and a smaller one

Elastic modulus formed. In this case, the support element (2) may be formed of a material with a modulus of elasticity> 1 kN / mm ² , while the enveloping element (7) may consist of a material having a modulus of elasticity between 0.0001 - 0.1 kN / mm ² .

The measuring tool (1) can be used particularly advantageously in a measuring device for measuring the interior of a shoe. The

Measuring device is preferably aligned with respect to the earth's surface so that a base plate of the measuring device on which the shoe to be measured is arranged with the measuring tool (1) inserted therein, parallel to

Earth's surface comes to rest.

With respect to the spatial orientation of the at least one inlet opening (4) and the at least one outlet opening (5) of the measuring tool (1) to each other, the most diverse arrangements are possible. Preferably, the at least one inlet opening (4) and the at least one outlet opening (5) can be arranged with respect to two horizontal planes extending substantially parallel to the earth surface so that the inlet opening (4) lies in a horizontal plane above that horizontal plane in which the at least one

Output opening (5) is arranged or which at least one

Output opening (5) cuts. With respect to a measuring tool (1) aligned in a measuring device for shoes, the at least one is thus located

Entrance opening (4) above the at least one outlet opening (5). In principle, however, other geometrical configurations are possible, e.g. in

reverse order in which the at least one exit opening (5) is cut from a horizontal plane or comes to lie in a horizontal plane located above the horizontal plane in which the at least one entry opening (4) is located or which at least one Entrance opening (4) cuts. The measuring tool (1) designed in this way is characterized by a simple

Application off. It can be easily introduced into the interior of a garment, such as a shoe, to be measured. If the interior of a shoe arranged on the base plate of the measuring device is to be thermographically measured by means of the measuring tool (1) inserted therein, heat-carrying medium, for example warm air, flows through the at least one outlet opening (5) into the at least one inlet opening (4). in the cavity (8). This fills with medium, as long as the discharge pressure exceeds the counterpressure generated by the enveloping element (7). Alternatively, the cavity (8) fills with medium until the discharge pressure is less than the counterpressure created by the material surrounding the interior of the garment / shoe interior. Advantageously, the introduced medium can reach the cavity (8) via the at least one inlet opening (4), the at least one connecting passage (6) and the at least one outlet opening (5); Alternatively, however, the medium can also be introduced directly into the cavity (8) arranged between the support element (2) and the enveloping element (7). The measuring tool (1) according to the invention is due to its only

three-layer structure simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring tool (1) may further comprise at least one molding element (3) arranged between the at least one supporting element (2) and the at least one enveloping element (7). In this case, the at least one input opening (4) arranged in a first plane (21) of the measuring tool (1) can lead into the support element (2) via the mold element (3) and the at least one, in a second plane (22) of the

Guide the measuring tool (1) arranged output opening (5) on the mold element (3) from the support element (2).

According to the invention, a form element (3) designates an element whose material has a strength which is between that of the support element (2) and that of the

Covering element (7) is located. The strength refers to the mechanical

Material parameter that characterizes the resistance behavior of a material against elastic or plastic deformation. After insertion into the object to be measured, the measuring tool (1), which is thus constructed with at least four layers, can be in an excellent manner to the interior of the Clothing or shoe. Because of his

Material properties can with the measuring tool (1) occurring in the interior of garments / shoes deformation of the corresponding

Body part are superbly simulated.

In a further embodiment of the measuring tool (1) according to the invention, the at least one support element (2) can be formed with a first support body (9) and at least one further support body (10), wherein the first support body (9) and the at least one further support body ( 10) over one

Articulated connection (1 1) are interconnected. Different spatial

Arrangements of the first (9) and the at least one further support body (10) to each other are possible. Preferably, the first support body (9) and the

at least one further support body (10) with respect to two substantially parallel to the earth's surface extending horizontal planes arranged so that the first

Support body (9) is cut from a horizontal plane which lies above the horizontal plane in which the at least one further support body (10) is arranged or which intersects the at least one further support body (10).

Preferably, the first support body (9) may be formed as a parallelepiped or cylindrical body; its geometric design is not subject to any particular restrictions and depends largely on the geometry of the interior of the garment to be measured. Should that

Measuring tool according to the invention (1) for measuring the interior of

It is particularly preferred for shoes to be used when the first support body (9) corresponds approximately to a human tibia in terms of its dimensions, with an upper end in relation to the earth's surface and a lower end. In this context, it is particularly advantageous if the lower end, which adjoins the at least one further supporting body (10), is formed with a convex rounding (19).

In the case of the measurement of the interior of shoes, it is particularly preferred if the at least one further supporting body (10) is formed in a shape corresponding to the human foot skeleton, ie he includes heel, metatarsus, and toes. Particularly preferably, the measuring tool according to the invention (1) comprises in this case a total of three supporting bodies, namely the first supporting body (9) and two further support body (10). In particular, the first further supporting body (10) may be in the form of a human heel and a human metatarsus, and the second further supporting body (10) may be in the form of

human toes. Advantageously, the first support body (9) and the further support body (10) can be connected to one another via an articulated connection.

In particular, it is advantageous if the portion of the at least one further supporting body (10) adjoining the first supporting body (9) has a concave recess (20) at least partially receiving the convex rounding (19) of the lower end of the first supporting body (9). is trained.

The first support body (9) and the at least one further support body (10) may be formed by a variety of those known in the art

Articulated to be interconnected, for example via a rotary, a thrust, or a ball joint. Preferably, the articulated connection (11) can be designed such that the degrees of freedom of possible articulated joints correspond to those of the corresponding human joint. In the case of a

Measuring the interior of shoes suitable measuring tool (1), the hinge connection (1 1) in the form of a relative to the earth's surface mainly upwardly and downwardly movable (hinge) joint can be formed.

Basically, the hinge joint (1 1) is subject to the

Material properties of the compound no special restrictions; It is particularly preferred if the hinge connection (1 1) is designed as a spring steel joint. In addition, it is preferred that between the parts to be joined a defined distance, for. B. a margin of about 3-4mm exists. By using spring steel connectors with a defined width and adherence to the defined distance, the joints are accordingly movable only up and down and at the same time secured against rotation. An execution of

Articulated connection (1 1) with spring steel connectors is characterized by particularly low production costs.

The measuring tool (1) formed in this way is advantageously distinguished by high flexibility with regard to the arrangement of the individual components. For example, the first support body (9) with the at least one further support body (10) be connected so that after insertion into the interior of the garment, the relative movements of the corresponding human body parts in Garment can be simulated. If the measuring tool according to the invention (1) used for example in a flat shoe, - in the presence of only one articulated connection between the first support body (9) and the other support body (10) - the human heel corresponding part of the further support body (10) Heel section of the shoe and the toes corresponding part of the further support body (10) come to rest foot body in the front region of the shoe. In contrast, it may be advantageous when inserting into women's shoes with paragraph when a hinged connection in the

Area is formed, in which the metatarsal borders on the toes in the human foot. Thus, the part corresponding to the toes of the further support body (10) comes to lie in the toe. Most advantageous is an arrangement with two articulated joints, namely between the first support body (9) and the first further support body (10) and between the first further support body (10) and the second further support body (10). This arrangement allows convenient insertion into a variety of different interior spaces of garments, especially in a variety of different shoe shapes.

In a further implementation of the measuring tool (1) according to the invention, the articulated connection can be thermally insulated with a potting compound (12).

According to the invention, a potting compound (12) is understood to mean a mass which mostly consists of a polymer and which can be used for covering, mechanical reinforcement and protection of assemblies, eg. B. order

To fill cavities and / or protect components from environmental influences. Advantageously, the potting compound (12) consist of a light, not pressure-stable silicone with low thermal conductivity or of another polymer with comparable material properties. The potting compound (12) may have a comparatively gelatinous material state after curing.

Similar to a real joint, the registered potting compound (12), for example a silicone layer, assumes the function of a joint compound. Advantageously, the heat-insulating potting compound (12) can significantly reduce heat absorption of the spring steel connector during the measurement process by means of a full-area enclosure of a joint connection (11) formed with a spring steel connector. In an advantageous development of the measuring tool (1) according to the invention, the connecting passage (6) can comprise at least one longitudinal bore (13) extending from the inlet opening (4) and arranged largely centrally in the measuring tool (1). In this case, the at least one outlet opening (5) can be fluidically connected to the end (15) of the at least one longitudinal bore (13) remote from the inlet opening (4) by at least one transverse bore (14) arranged substantially at right angles to the longitudinal bore (13). It is advantageous if the first support body (9) formed in an elongate, cylindrical shape has a centrally arranged longitudinal bore (13) with a diameter between 5-15 mm, wherein the longitudinal bore (13) advantageously in the during the measurement of the base plate Measuring device facing first quarter of the first support body (9) ends. The at the end (15) of the longitudinal bore (13) preferably

At least one transverse bore (14) connecting at right angles, the at least one inlet opening (4) can fluidically connect to the at least one outlet opening (5). Advantageously, the measuring tool (1) with four, at right angles to each other and to the longitudinal bore (13) arranged transverse bores (14) may be formed. Such a trained passageway (6) allows a fast and uniform distribution of the introduced via the inlet opening (4) medium defined temperature in the cavity (8) during the measurement, whereby the measurement can be carried out extremely time and cost effectively.

In a further embodiment, the measuring tool (1) in the

Have at least one connecting passage (6) arranged heating element. According to the invention, a heating element is understood to mean a technical component with which heat energy can be supplied to a substance (such as, for example, a gas or a liquid). Preferably, the heating element of a in

Connecting passage (6) arranged electrical heating element made of metal or ceramic. Alternatively, the heating element via corresponding

Supply lines to a heat transfer to be performed, for example, hot water or steam. Advantageously, via the heating element, the temperature of the

fed heat-carrying medium over a longer period of time to be kept constant in a simple manner. Longer measuring times can

For example, in complex designed interiors of garments may be required, such as in the measurement of the interior of

Gloves. In a further implementation of the measuring tool (1), the at least one shaped element (3) can consist of a pressure-stable polymer. The one for the

Forming element (3) used polymer is compared to the polymer used for the potting compound (12) by a significantly higher pressure stability

characterized, in particular preferred for the mold element (3) a

pressure-stable silicone polymer can be used. At the same time, however, the silicone used for the mold element (3) is such that compression is possible when it is inserted into the interior of the garment to be measured, so that the material displacement largely corresponds to that of the human body. Furthermore, the material used is very good

characterized heat insulating properties, so that the thermographic surveying process is hampered as little as possible by interference signals.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the measuring tool (1), the at least one enveloping element (7) may consist of an elastomeric polymer having a modulus of elasticity of 0.1-100 N / mm ² , preferably 0.3-30 N / mm ² . An elastomeric polymer is understood according to the invention to be a dimensionally stable but elastically deformable plastic whose glass transition point is below the operating temperature. Elastomers can deform elastically under tensile and compressive loading, but then return to their original, undeformed shape. Preferred elastomers in the context of the present invention are natural rubber, polyethylene, polyurethane or polyisoprene. The sheath element (7) is designed to counteract the pressure exerted by the heat medium introduced into the cavity (8) during the measuring process and at the same time to fill the cavities possibly existing between the measuring tool (1) in the resting state and the inner contour of the item of clothing. In this respect, the material of the enveloping element (7) preferably fulfills the requirements of tightness, as are placed, for example, on latex gloves in the medical field (DIN EN 455/1) or on condoms (ISO 4074). The measuring tool (1) formed with such an envelope element (7) can advantageously enable the efficient measurement of a large number of interior spaces of items of clothing, in particular of shoes. The introduced into the cavity (8) heat transfer medium can due to the low modulus of elasticity of the Hüllelements (7) between the measuring tool (1) in the resting state and the inner contour of the garment possibly existing cavities rapidly and fill out completely. Furthermore, the sheath element (7) can be attached to the measuring tool (1) according to the invention by simple slipping over the support element (2) or the shaped element (3) without great difficulty, so that it is possible to carry out different measurement processes involving different material requirements for the cladding element (FIG. 7), can be easily replaced. For example, to measure an interior of a garment which is bounded by a very flexible material or which has openings to the outside of the garment, an envelope member (7) having a relatively high modulus of elasticity may be used, while in interiors bounded by a stiff material , an enveloping element (7) with a lower modulus of elasticity can be used.

In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method for

Manufacture of the measuring tool (1) according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in a first step, at least one support element (2) is provided, on which in a second step

at least one, the at least one support element (2) surrounding the mold element (3) is attached. In a third step, in a first level (21) of the

Measuring tool (1) at least one input opening (4) introduced, which leads into the support element (2) and / or the mold element (3), followed by the

Introducing into a second plane (22) of the measuring tool (1) at least one exit opening (5) which leads out of the support element (2) and / or the forming element (3). In a next step, at least one connecting passage (6) is made between the at least one entrance (4) and the at least one exit opening (5) for connecting the aforementioned openings. In a last step, the attachment of at least one Hüllelements (7) takes place on a side remote from the support element (2) side of the at least one

Formula Elements (3). The method of manufacturing the measuring tool (1) involves only a few operations, so that the manufacture can be effectively performed in view of the required time and costs. In particular, when using commercially available polymer materials measuring tools according to the invention (1) can be produced in large quantities in a short time,

for example by injection molding. In a measuring tool (1), which is provided with a support element (2) consisting of a plurality of support bodies (9, 10)

is formed, the inventive method comprises the further step the attachment of the necessary number of joints (1 1) between, for example, the first support body (9) and the further support body (10) and between the other support bodies (10) with each other. This step is characterized by ease of execution, as preferably commercially available

Spring steel sheets can be used for producing the articulated connection.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention for

Production of the measuring tool (1), the connecting passage (6), starting from the at least one inlet opening (4), in the form of a substantially centrally disposed longitudinal bore (13) may be formed. It can the

Connecting passage (6), starting from the at least one output opening (5), arranged at the end (15) of the longitudinal bore (13) remote from the at least one inlet opening (4) in the form of at least one, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal bore (13) Be formed transverse bore (14). In the method according to the invention, four transverse bores (14) arranged at right angles to each other are advantageously introduced at the end (15) of the longitudinal bore (13). By means of these transverse bores (14), the at least one support element (2) for

Attaching the at least one, preferably from a polymer compound

existing element element (3) are easily positioned in a mold by spacers are introduced over the respective output openings (5), which have exactly the dimension of the transverse bores (14) of the support element (2). It is advantageous casting mold dimensioned so that the support element (2) is completely covered with the material from which the at least one mold element (3). During casting, the at least one inlet opening (4) is expediently protected against penetration of the material of the molding element (3) by means of a corresponding closure means, for example a stopper.

In a third aspect, the present invention comprises a method for thermographic measurement of the interior of a shoe in a

Measuring device using the measuring tool according to the invention (1). The inventive method is also generally suitable for

thermographic measurement of interiors of garments, such as blouses, T-shirts, pants, skirts and gloves, by means of the measuring tool (1) according to the invention. The thereby in view of the Measuring device and the measuring tool (1) to be made changes in the knowledge of the skilled person. In the field of shoes, the measuring tool (1) according to the invention is suitable for the measurement of ladies' and men's as well as children's shoes.

To measure the interior of shoes in a measuring device, the measuring tool (1) is provided in a first step, followed by the

Attachment of the shoe to be measured on a base plate of

Measuring device. Subsequently, the measuring tool (1) is inserted into the shoe to be measured and a medium-introduction hose (1 6) attached to the at least one inlet opening (4). In the next step, a clamping ring (1 7) is fastened to the measuring tool (1) such that the clamping ring (1 7) comes to lie in the vicinity of the at least one outlet opening (5). The clamping ring (1 7) is arranged in relation to the outlet opening (5), that between the support element {2) 1 and the mold element (3) and the enveloping element (7) formed cavity (8) relative to the ambient air during the period of the trade fair process is completed. For example, in a measuring arrangement with a base plate arranged parallel to the earth's surface and shoe (1 8) fastened therein, the clamping ring (1 7) is advantageously above the at least one

Exit opening (5) attached. This in a further step via the at least one inlet opening (4) via the connecting passage (6) and the at least one

Output opening (5) into the cavity (8) introduced, heat-carrying medium (for example, warm air) can remain until completion of the measurement in the cavity (8). The introduction of the heat-carrying medium can be up to

Reaching a predetermined pressure value, which can be detected, for example, via a clamping ring (1 7) disposed pressure sensor. The maximum pressure value to be achieved is determined on the one hand by the elastic properties of the material of the enveloping element (7), on the other hand the pressure value is limited by the extent of the enveloping element (7).

counteracting backpressure, which generates the surrounding the interior of the garment / shoe interior material. In a next step, the heat distribution is detected in the measuring tool (1) used in the shoe interior by means of at least one heat sensor.

Preferably, the heat distribution in several heat sensors

determined measuring tool according to the invention; from the sensor data can by means of an evaluation program of an arithmetic unit, the dimensioning of the shoe interior can be calculated accurately. Alternatively, the heat distribution can for example also be detected by means of commercially available thermal imaging cameras, from which the shoe interior can subsequently be reconstructed via a corresponding image analysis. The inventive method allows an easy to perform, effective measurement of interiors of shoes or possibly other items of clothing, wherein by the

In accordance with the invention, an interaction between the measuring tool (1) "simulated" to the corresponding human body part and the interior of the measured item of clothing which largely corresponds to that between an actual carrier and the item of clothing in question is obtained a close fit, because by selecting the materials forming the measuring tool (1), a compression of the measuring tool (1) corresponding to the real conditions can be achieved.The heat-carrying medium is preferably hot air or other gases with a defined heat capacity, but alternatively also liquid media, such as hot water, or solid media, such as a fine-grained granules or sand, are used.

According to the invention, the heat distribution of the introduced into the cavity (8) between enveloping element (7) and support element (2) / mold element (3)

heat-carrying medium detected in the interior of the garment, wherein by the use of the clamping ring (17) a closed during the measuring process cavity (8) is generated. In the measurement of

Garment interiors with respect to the environment largely leaking with respect to the heat-carrying medium (17), it is possible without the use of the Hüllelements (7) a heat distribution of the heat-carrying medium between the support element (2) / the mold element (3) and the inside of the garment. However, spurious signals, which may occur, for example, due to lack of tightness of the garment interior, must be taken into account accordingly. The easiest way for the user to measure and least susceptible to the measurement of interiors of garments therefore preferably includes the use an envelope element (7) adapted to the specific properties of the heat-carrying medium.

In a preferred implementation of the invention

Vermessungsverfahrens can moreover the heat transfer medium in

Connection passage (6) are heated by means of a heating medium. Advantageously, so can the temperature of the heat-carrying medium over a longer period

Be kept constant in complex interiors of garments, such as gloves,

may be required.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to a method for

Measurement of the interior of garments by means of infrared thermography. Thermography is an imaging process for displaying the surface temperature of objects. The intensity of the infrared radiation emanating from a point is interpreted as a measure of its temperature. A thermal imager converts invisible to the human eye

Infrared radiation into electrical signals. From this, the camera generates a picture in false colors or a monochrome grayscale image.

The object to be measured is presented individually and specifically for a given infrared sensor, which is based on its material and surface specific conditions. For example, many organic products and liquids can be measured without special measures, whereas metals, especially those with reflective surfaces, require special consideration. Most real bodies do not conform to the ideal of the so-called "blackbody", which absorbs all the radiation falling on it, so that neither reflection nor transmission occurs on it.A blackbody emits at each wavelength the maximum possible energy for all possible emitters. its emissivity E equals E = 1. Many real bodies are so-called "gray emitters", ie they emit less radiation at the same temperature than the blackbody. The emissivity ε gives the ratio of the real one

Radiating value and that of the black body; it is between zero and one. An infrared sensor receives not only the radiation emitted by an object surface but also reflected radiation from the environment and possibly through the infrared radiation transmitted to the body. The following applies: ε + p + τ = 1, where ε = emissivity, p = reflectance and τ = transmittance. Most bodies have no transmission in the infrared range, which simplifies the formula in ε + p = 1. This is advantageous in terms of actual measurements since it is often easier to measure the reflection than to determine the emissivity. Bright non-metals, dark non-metals, plastics, ceramics, gypsum, wood, rubber, dark wood, rocks, dark paints and varnishes etc. have an emissivity of approx. 0.95 at wavelengths greater than 8 μηπ. Most organic substances have an emissivity of about 0.95. Therefore, this value is fixed in many thermal imaging devices to avoid measurement errors due to incorrectly set emissivities.

For an accurate determination of the interior of garments, a heat source must be placed close to the object to be measured. In the corresponding interior of the garment, for example, a rod can be introduced, which moves in one direction, and the shape of the interior, in particular the shoe shape adapts. This allows a constant temperature in the corresponding interior set. By special

Thermal imaging sensors make the surfaces visible; By dissolving the data provided by the thermal imagers, areas can be determined and expansion measurements made. In order to ensure a constant ambient temperature for the measurement, in the method according to the invention the measuring objects are introduced into a box, for example made of glass, and the measurements are carried out therein. Due to the temperature differences thus achieved, the object limits for the evaluation can be displayed well.

Brief description of the figures

Hereinafter, by way of example and not limitation, certain particular embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The particular embodiments are merely illustrative of the general inventive concept, but do not limit the invention. Figure 1 shows a cross section through the measuring tool according to the invention (1), which is designed for measuring the interior of a shoe (18).

Figure 2 shows the side view of a measuring tool (1) in a relaxed position for measuring the interior of shoes.

Figure 3 shows the side view of a measuring tool (1) for measuring the interior of shoes with medium heel height.

Figure 4 shows the side view of a measuring tool (1) for measuring the interior of shoes without heels.

Preferred embodiment of the invention

FIG. 1 shows an inventive measuring tool (1) designed for measuring the interior of a shoe (18). The measuring tool (1) comprises a three-membered support element (2) which is subdivided into a first support body (9) and two further support bodies (10). The first support body (9) corresponds to its shape largely the shape of the human

Tibia. The first of the two further support bodies (10) is accordingly largely in shape to the human calcaneus and metatarsus

adapted, while the second, further support body (10) the phalanges

embodies. The support body (9, 10) are connected to each other via two joints (1 1) made of spring steel plate in the manner of a hinge joint, wherein the degree of movement of the joints is the real physiological conditions of the human upper ankle and toe joints limited accordingly. Movements of the support body against each other are thus up and down possible (in relation to the earth's surface), according to the

Lowering (plantarflexion) and the lifting of the foot (Dorsalflexion or

Dorsiflexion). The surface of the first support body (9) adjacent to the first further support body (10) is formed with a convex rounding (19);

Corresponding thereto, the first further supporting body (10) is formed with a concave recess (20). By the corresponding surfaces, a realistic diffraction behavior of the first joint (1 1) can be achieved, which is the diffraction behavior of the human upper ankle

to empathize. The joints (1 1) are by means of a potting compound (12) thermally insulated (the region in which the potting compound is arranged, is indicated for the first hinge connection by two, the outer boundary of the potting compound representing cross strokes).

The measuring tool (1) is further formed with a formula element (3) surrounding the support element (2). The shaped element (3) is designed with a defined thickness such that the dimensioning of the measuring tool (1) of a human calf or a human heel, etc. largely corresponds. On the side facing away from the support element (2) of the formula element (3) an enveloping element (7) is arranged. Between the enveloping element (7) and the molding element (3), the cavity (8) is shown as a thin black line.

In particular, at the toe, which is not completely filled by the tip of the formula element (3), the cavity (8) after initiation of

heat-transferring medium on an enlargement, which the toe

completely filled. As a result, the shoe interior in its entirety can be measured accurately in a simple manner.

A first plane (21) of the measuring tool (1) is formed with an inlet opening (4) which leads into the supporting element (2) / forming element (3). Adjoining the input opening (4) is a longitudinal bore (13) designed as a connecting passage (6, shown hatched in the connecting passage system), which is arranged centrally in the first supporting body (9) and which ends approximately 20 mm in front of the simulated joint ( 15). The first support body (9) also has four

Output openings (5) in a second plane (22) of the measuring tool, which are connected via four at right angles to the longitudinal bore (13) and perpendicular to each other transverse bores (14) with the input port (4) fluidly connected. In the present, four-layered measuring tool (1), comprising a support element (2), a form element (3), an enveloping element (7) and a cavity (8), both the input opening (4) and the four output openings (5) through the mold element (3). The outlet openings (4) are fluidically connected to the cavity (8).

To measure the interior of the shoe (18), first of all, a clamping ring (17) is attached to the mold element (3) above the four outlet openings (5) in order to face the cavity (8) arranged between the mold element (3) and the casing element (7) to close the environment. The clamping ring (17) is by means of a spring tension in the measuring device attached, thus one on the

Press base plate in the appropriate position to press shoe (18) with slight pressure on the base plate. The clamping ring (17) has a

Quick release and can easily on the different dimensions of the formula element (3) or in boots on different shank widths

be preset.

Is now on the medium-introduction hose (1 6) heat-carrying medium, preferably hot air, with a preferably above the ambient temperature, constant temperature, for example, of 30 ° C, in the

Introduced connecting passage (6), the introduced warm air expands the enveloping element (7) until the enveloping element (7) due to the limitation of

Schuhinnenraums by the shoe material can not continue to expand, so a defined pressure value is reached. This pressure value can be determined and preset, for example, via a pressure sensor. For example, in the case of footwear with an imperfect boundary of the interior, for example sandals or shoes with an open toe ("peep toe"), warm air can be introduced into the cavity (8) until the elastic properties of the covering element (7 A heating medium arranged in the longitudinal bore (13) of the first support body (9) can keep the temperature of the heat-carrying medium at a constant temperature even over longer measurements.

The actual measurement is carried out by means of several thermal sensors. A defined number of sensors detects the heat distribution in defined areas of the shoe. Preferably, the heat distribution above the shoe, on its side, as well as on the bottom, the back and the

Front side determined. The heat sensors provide exact outlines of the actual interior of all measured objects; By means of the arithmetic unit, the thermal images are evaluated according to defined criteria.

With the thus formed measuring device (1), a plurality of interiors of garments, in particular shoe inner spaces, can be effectively measured within a short time. FIG. 2 shows a measuring tool (1) for measuring the interior of shoes in a relaxed position. For insertion of the measuring tool (1) in ankle boots and boots is an overstretched joint position of the upper

Ankle corresponding, first joint connection (1 1) of importance. This can be done by selecting suitable spring steel sheets already at the

Preparation of the measuring tool (1) are taken into account.

FIG. 3 shows a measuring tool (1) for measuring the interior of shoes with a medium heel height, with an overstretching of the first articulated connection (11), which is much smaller than that of the measuring tool (1) shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a measuring tool (1) for measuring the interior of shoes without a heel; Correspondingly, an overstretching of the first articulated connection (11) takes place in an opposite direction compared with the measuring tool (1) illustrated in FIG.

In the following, a few prerequisites for the measurement of the interior of shoes with regard to the design of the measuring tool (1) are briefly presented. For an accurate measurement of the interior of shoes, foot-shaped measuring devices (1) are basically produced in the smallest possible design. For example, a measuring device (1) with a length of a German size 35 is therefore used for the measurement of a shoe of a German size 36. The situation is similar for the corresponding foot widths, shank widths and instep heights; the leg width refers to the maximum circumference of the calf, while the instep height is a measure of the curvature of the metatarsus in relation to the parts of the sole of the foot resting on the ground. By using smaller measuring devices, it should be ensured that models which are smaller by half to a whole shoe size can also be measured.

Measuring devices with dimensions listed below are used:

Foot length ladies

German size 35 = 219 mm, size 38 = 239 mm, size 41 = 259 mm Foot length mens

German size 38 = 239 mm, size 42 = 265 mm, size 47 = 299 mm

Foot width ladies (bale circumference)

German size 35 = 207 mm, size 38 = 219 mm, size 41 = 231 mm

Foot width men (bale circumference)

German size 38 = 219 mm, size 42 = 235 mm, size 47 = 255 mm calf width ladies (calf circumference)

German size 35 = 290 mm, size 38 = 314 mm, size 41 = 334 mm

Calf width men (calf circumference)

German size 38 = 314 mm, size 42 = 340 mm, size 47 = 370 mm

In addition, the measuring devices for women and men are manufactured with a very flat Rist height.

For a shoe model to be tested (comprising shoes of the same model in different sizes) there are a total of 3 foot-shaped ones

Measuring devices (1), so-called "measuring feet", are available, distinguishing between the measuring feet for ladies and those for men.The measuring feet for ladies have the dimensions of a German size 35, 38 and 41, while the measuring feet for men are the sizes 37, 42 and 47. Accordingly, the measurement range for women's shoes begins with the German size 36 and ends with size 44, men's shoes can be measured in the range of sizes 38 and 50. For each shoe fashion 3 measurements are performed: with the foot Damen 1 = becomes the size 36, with the Messfuß Damen 2 size 39 and with the Messfuß Damen 3 the size 42. The results obtained for the three sizes are used as the basis for the interpolation of the measured values in terms of

intermediate sizes. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 measuring tool

2 support element

3 mold element

4 entrance opening

5 exit opening

6 connecting passage

7 enveloping element

8 cavity

9 first support body

10 more supporting body

1 1 articulation

12 potting compound

13 longitudinal bore

14 transverse bore

15 end longitudinal bore

1 6 Medium introduction hose

17 clamping ring

18 shoe

19 convex rounding, first supporting body

20 concave recess, another support body

21 first level, measuring tool

22 second level, measuring tool

Claims

claims

1 . Measuring tool (1) for measuring the interior of a garment, comprising at least one inner support element (2),

at least one inlet opening (4) arranged in a first plane (21) of the measuring tool (1) and leading into the supporting element (2), at least one, arranged in a second plane (22) of the measuring tool (1), 2) outgoing outlet opening (5), wherein the at least one outlet opening (5) is connected to the at least one inlet opening (4) via at least one connecting passage (6),

furthermore comprising at least one enveloping element (7) surrounding the support element (2), and

a cavity (8) arranged between the at least one support element (2) and the at least one enveloping element (7), which cavity is fluidically connected to the at least one outlet opening (5).

2. measuring tool (1) according to claim 1, further comprising at least one, between the at least one support element (2) and the at least one enveloping element arranged molding element (3),

wherein the at least one, in the first plane (21) of the measuring tool (1) arranged inlet opening (4) via the mold element (3) in the

Supporting element (2) leads into, and

wherein the at least one, in a second plane (22) of the measuring tool

(I) arranged, output opening (5) on the mold element (3) out of the support element (2) out.

3. Measuring tool (1) according to claim 2, wherein the at least one

Support element (2) with a first support body (9) and at least one further support body (10) is formed, and wherein the first support body (9) and the at least one further support body (10) via a hinge connection

(I I) are interconnected.

4. Measuring tool according to claim 3, wherein the articulated connection (1 1) with a potting compound (12) is thermally insulated.

5. Measuring tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting passage (6) at least one of the input opening (4)

outgoing, in the measuring tool (1) arranged largely centrally

The longitudinal bore (13) and wherein the at least one outlet opening is fluidly connected to the remote from the inlet opening end of the longitudinal bore (13) by at least one substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal bore (13) arranged transverse bore (14).

6. measuring tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the at least one connecting passage (6) a heating element is arranged.

7. Measuring tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one molding element consists of a pressure-stable polymer.

8. Measuring tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one envelope element (7) consists of an elastomeric polymer having a modulus of elasticity of 0.1 to 100 N / mm ² , preferably 0.3 to 30 N / mm ² ,

9. A method of manufacturing a measuring tool (1), comprising the steps

(a) provision of at least one support element (2)

(B) attaching at least one surrounding the support element (2)

Formula elements (3);

(c) introduction in a first plane (21) of the measuring tool (1)

at least one input opening (4) which leads into the support element (2) and / or the mold element (3);

(d) introduction in a second plane (22) of the measuring tool (1)

at least one exit opening (5) leading out of the support element (2) and / or the mold element (3);

(e) introducing at least one connecting passage (6) for connecting the at least one inlet opening (4) to the at least one outlet opening (5);

(F) attaching at least one Hüllelements (7) on one of the

at least one support element (2) facing away from the at least one element element (3).

10. A method for producing the measuring tool (1) according to claim 9, wherein the connecting passage (6), starting from the at least one input opening (4), in the form of a substantially centrally arranged

Longitudinal bore (13) is formed and wherein the connecting passage (6), starting from the at least one output opening (5), at the end remote from the inlet opening (15) of the longitudinal bore (13) in the form of at least one, substantially rectangular to the longitudinal bore (13) arranged transverse bore (14) is formed.

1 1. A method of measuring the interior of a shoe, comprising the steps

(A) providing the measuring tool (1) according to claim 1;

(b) attaching the shoe to be measured to a base plate in a measuring device;

(c) inserting the measuring tool (1) into the shoe to be measured

(18);

(d) attaching a medium introduction tube (1 6) to the

at least one inlet opening (4);

(E) fastening a clamping ring (17) on the measuring tool (1), so that the clamping ring (17) comes to rest in the vicinity of the at least one output opening (5);

(F) introducing a heat-carrying medium via the inlet opening (4) in the cavity (8);

(g) detecting the heat distribution by means of at least one

Heat sensor;

(h) taking a plurality of thermal images;

(i) evaluating the recordings by an evaluation program on a computing unit.

12. A method for measuring the interior of a shoe according to claim 1 1, additionally comprising the step

Heating the heat-carrying medium in the connecting passage by means of a heating means.

13. A method for measuring the interior of garments by means of infrared thermography.