WO2015172541A1 - 一种形状记忆性能测试仪 - Google Patents

一种形状记忆性能测试仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015172541A1
WO2015172541A1 PCT/CN2014/091009 CN2014091009W WO2015172541A1 WO 2015172541 A1 WO2015172541 A1 WO 2015172541A1 CN 2014091009 W CN2014091009 W CN 2014091009W WO 2015172541 A1 WO2015172541 A1 WO 2015172541A1
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Prior art keywords
shape memory
memory performance
performance tester
test sample
shape
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PCT/CN2014/091009
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈少军
陈仕国
戈早川
莫富年
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深圳大学
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Publication of WO2015172541A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015172541A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of shape memory performance testing of objects, and in particular relates to a shape memory performance tester.
  • Shape memory refers to an object having an initial shape, and after being deformed and fixed, it is subjected to stimulation treatment by external conditions such as heating. It can also be restored to the original shape.
  • Shape memory polymer is a kind of typical intelligent polymer material. The earliest and most widely studied is the heat-induced shape memory polymer. Shape memory polymers are not only large in shape and shape, but also easy to shape and respond to temperature. Moreover, it has the characteristics of heat preservation, good insulation performance, no rust, easy coloring, printability, light weight and low price. At present, it has shown great application prospects in medical equipment, textile industry, digital communication products and so on. Characterization of shape memory polymers includes shape retention, shape recovery, shape recovery temperature, and shape recovery speed.
  • the shape fixing rate mainly describes the ability of the polymer to fix the temporary deformation variable
  • the shape recovery rate mainly describes the ability of the polymer to return to the original (original) shape under external stimulation conditions
  • the shape recovery temperature mainly describes the polymer when it recovers 50% of the temporary deformation.
  • the temperature of the shape recovery velocity is used to describe the speed at which the polymer recovers the temporary deformation, and is the recovery shape variable per unit time or temperature.
  • the equipment for testing the shape memory performance of the polymer is mainly a universal tensile tester with a temperature change box and a dynamic mechanical property tester, but the two sets of equipment are high in price, large in volume, complicated in equipment, and complicated in test methods.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shape memory performance tester, which aims to solve the problems of high cost, large volume, complicated equipment and complicated test methods of the shape memory performance tester in the prior art.
  • a shape memory performance tester including a chassis, a guide rod, a chuck for clamping a test sample, a lever for stretching a test sample, a heating system, a refrigeration system, and a control instrument and a power source for setting and displaying a temperature;
  • the guide rod is fixed in the casing, and a length scale is arranged thereon;
  • the chuck is slidably disposed on the guide rod, and the opposite two sides of the chassis
  • the operating rods are respectively disposed on the sides, and one ends of the operating rods on opposite sides of the chassis respectively pass through the two sides of the chassis, and the other ends are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the test sample.
  • the chassis includes a test chamber and a control cabinet disposed above and below, the chuck, the guide rod and the operating rod are disposed in the test cavity, and the heating system, the refrigeration system, the control instrument and the power source are disposed in the Control the inside of the chassis.
  • test chamber is provided with two guiding rods parallel to each other, and the clamping head is fixed between the two guiding rods.
  • the two guiding rods are provided with two of the collets at intervals.
  • the heating system includes a heating control meter and a heating element.
  • a fan for exhausting is disposed on a side of the test chamber.
  • the shape memory performance tester further includes a cover that is disposed on the top of the case.
  • a glass window for observing the inside of the box is embedded in the middle portion of the box cover.
  • the collet is made of a high temperature resistant material.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention controls the heating system or the refrigeration system by the control instrument to fix the internal temperature of the box to a certain target value, and uses the operating rod to stretch the test sample to deform it.
  • the shape variable can be read by the scale on the guide rod; the operator can read the temperature of the plurality of times and the length of the sample at the temperature, and can obtain the relationship between the deformation recovery of the sample and the temperature, so that the shape can be calculated.
  • the shape memory performance tester of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, low cost and simple test method, such as rate, shape recovery rate, shape recovery temperature and shape recovery speed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a shape memory performance tester according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the deformation recovery rate and the temperature of the test sample when the shape memory property of the sample was tested using the embodiment shown in Fig. 1.
  • a shape memory performance tester includes a case 1, a guide bar 2, a chuck 3 for clamping a test sample 200, and a tensile test.
  • the guide rod 2 is fixed in the casing 1 and has a length scale thereon; the chuck 3 is slidably disposed on the guide rod 2, and opposite sides of the chassis 1 are provided with an operating rod 4 on opposite sides of the chassis 1
  • One end of the operating rod 4 is respectively passed through the two sides of the casing 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to both ends of the test sample 200, respectively.
  • the chassis 1 includes a test cavity 11 and a control chassis 12 disposed above and below.
  • the chuck 3, the guide bar 2 and the operating lever 4 are disposed in the test cavity 11, and the heating system 5, the refrigeration system 6, the control instrument 7, and the power supply 8 are disposed.
  • the control chassis 12 is provided with two mutually parallel guide rods 2, and the chuck 3 is fixed between the two guide rods 2; the two guide rods 2 are provided with two collets 3 at intervals.
  • the above-mentioned chuck 3 is made of a high temperature resistant material, so that it can be adapted to a high temperature environment inside the casing 1.
  • a fan 9 for exhausting is provided on the side of the test chamber 11 for discharging cold air or hot air in the cabinet 1.
  • the heating system 5 includes a heating control meter 51 and a heating element 52, and the heating element 52 is disposed at the bottom of the inner test chamber 11.
  • the shape memory performance tester further includes a box cover 13 disposed on the top of the box body 1.
  • the glass window 131 for observing the inside of the box body 1 is embedded in the middle portion of the box cover 13, so that the operator can read the test sample. 200 shape variable.
  • the process of applying the shape memory performance test sample of the shape memory performance tester described above is as follows: 1. Mounting the test sample 200, such as a rectangular strip, and tightening the test sample 200 with the high temperature resistant chuck 3, and respectively, the two ends of the test sample 200 are respectively It is fixedly connected to the operating lever 4. 2. Adjust the control instrument 7. Set the temperature to 80 °C (press the temperature increase or decrease button to the set temperature, then press SET). After the temperature rises to the set temperature, pull the operation rod 4 outside the box 1 to make the test sample 200 The guide rod 2 is stretched to a certain shape variable, such as 100%. 3. Lock the operating lever 4, lower the temperature, and cool down to a low temperature, such as 20 ° C, fixed deformation deformation for about 30 min. 4.
  • the fastest recovery temperature of the test sample 200 that is, the temperature at which the 50% deformation is recovered, the initial recovery temperature (the temperature at which the 10% deformation variable is recovered), and the final recovery temperature (returning 90% of the deformation amount) can be calculated. Temperature) and parameters such as deformation recovery rate.
  • the heating system 5 or the refrigeration system 6 can be controlled by the control instrument 7, so that the internal temperature of the casing 1 is fixed to a certain target value, and the test sample 200 is stretched using the operating rod 4, and can be deformed by the guide rod 2
  • the upper scale can read out its shape variable; the operator can read the temperature of a plurality of times and the length of the test sample 200 at the temperature, and can obtain the relationship between the deformation recovery of the test sample 200 and the temperature, thereby calculating the shape fixing.
  • the shape memory performance tester of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, low cost and simple test method, such as rate, shape recovery rate, shape recovery temperature and shape recovery speed.
  • the tester of the embodiment can be used for preparing a polymer composite membrane material in addition to the test function, and the specific preparation process is as follows: Two polymer films (not shown) were cut out, and a suitable adhesive was placed between the two polymer films to obtain a polymer composite film sample (not shown). 2. The polymer composite film sample is then fixed with a high temperature resistant chuck 3. 3. Adjust the control instrument 9, set the temperature to 100 °C (press the temperature rise, cool down to the set temperature, and then press SET), so that the two polymer films are fixed at this temperature for 30 minutes. 4. Finally, the lid 13 is opened, or the temperature is lowered to room temperature, and the polymer composite film sample is taken out, which is a polymer composite film material.
  • the preparation method of the composite film material can ensure that the polymer film is not in the composite preparation process.
  • the shrinkage deformation occurs, and the composite is not tight.
  • the above test instrument can heat, heat, cool, etc. the polymer, and has rich functions and convenient operation.

Abstract

一种形状记忆性能测试仪，适用于物体的形状记忆性能测试技术领域，其包括机箱（1）、导杆（2）、用于夹紧测试样品（200）的夹头（3）、用于拉伸测试样品（200）的操作杆（4）、加热系统（5）、制冷系统（6）、用于设定和显示温度的控制仪表（7）及电源（8）。导杆（2）固定于机箱（1）内，其上设有长度刻度；夹头（3）可滑动地设置在导杆（2）上，机箱（1）相对的两侧均穿设有操作杆（4），机箱（1）相对两侧上的操作杆（4）的一端分别穿出机箱（1）的两侧，另一端可分别与测试样品（200）的两端固定连接。该测试仪可计算出测试样品（200）的形状固定率、形状回复率、形状回复温度和形状回复速度等参数，还可用于制备复合膜材料，可对聚合物进行加热、保温、冷却等处理；其结构简单、体积小、造价低且功能丰富。

Description

一种形状记忆性能测试仪 技术领域
本发明属于物体的形状记忆性能测试技术领域，尤其涉及一种形状记忆性能测试仪。
 背景技术
形状记忆是指具有初始形状的物体， 经形变固定之后， 通过加热等外部条件的刺激处理， 又可使其恢复初始形状的现象。形状记忆聚合物是一类典型的智能高分子材料，研究最早也最为广泛的是热致形状记忆高分子。形状记忆高分子不仅形变量大、赋形容易、形状响应温度便于调整， 而且具有保温、绝缘性能好、不锈蚀、易着色、可印刷、质轻价廉等特点。目前，已经在医疗装备，纺织工业，数码通讯产品等方面展现了非常大的应用前景。表征形状记忆聚合物的性能包括形状固定率、形状回复率、形状回复温度和形状回复速度等。形状固定率主要描述聚合物固定临时形变量的能力；形状回复率主要描述聚合物在外界刺激条件下回复到初始（原始）形状的能力；形状回复温度主要描述聚合物回复了50%临时形变时的温度；形状回复速度用来描述聚合物回复临时变形量的快慢，是单位时间或温度下的回复形变量。目前用于测试聚合物形状记忆性能的设备主要是带变温箱的万能拉伸试验机和动态力学性能测试仪等，但这两套设备价格高，体积大，设备复杂，测试方法复杂。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种形状记忆性能测试仪，旨在解决现有技术中的形状记忆性能测试仪价格高、体积大，设备复杂、测试方法复杂的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明是这样实现的，一种形状记忆性能测试仪，其包括机箱、导杆、用于夹紧测试样品的夹头、用于拉伸测试样品的操作杆、加热系统、制冷系统、用于设定和显示温度的控制仪表及电源；所述导杆固定于所述机箱内，其上设有长度刻度；所述夹头可滑动地设置在所述导杆上，所述机箱相对的两侧均穿设有所述操作杆，所述机箱相对两侧上的操作杆的一端分别穿出所述机箱的两侧，另一端可分别与所述测试样品的两端固定连接。
进一步地，所述机箱包括上下设置的测试腔及控制机箱，所述夹头、导杆及操作杆设置于所述测试腔内，所述加热系统、制冷系统、控制仪表及电源设置于所述控制机箱内。
进一步地，所述测试腔内设置有两条相互平行的所述导杆，所述夹头固定于所述的两条导杆之间。
进一步地，所述两条导杆上设有间隔地设置有两个所述夹头。
进一步地，所述加热系统包括加热控制仪表及加热元件。
进一步地，所述测试腔的侧面上设置有用于排气的风机。
进一步地，所述形状记忆性能测试仪还包括盖设于所述箱体顶部的箱盖。
进一步地，所述箱盖的中间区域上嵌设有用于观察所述箱体内部的玻璃窗。
进一步地，所述夹头由耐高温材料制造而成。
 有益效果
本发明与现有技术相比，有益效果在于：本发明通过控制仪表控制加热系统或制冷系统可使箱体内部温度固定为某一目标值，使用操作杆拉伸测试样品，可使其发生形变，通过导杆上的刻度可读出其形变量；操作者读出多个时刻的温度及与该温度下样品的长度，可得出样品形变恢复与温度的变化关系，从而可计算出形状固定率、形状回复率、形状回复温度和形状回复速度等参数，本发明的形状记忆性能测试仪结构简单、体积小，造价低且测试方法简便。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种形状记忆性能测试仪的立体结构示意图。
图2是应用图1所示实施例测试样品形状记忆性能时测试样品的形变回复率与温度的关系曲线图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1所示，为本发明的一较佳实施例，一种形状记忆性能测试仪，其包括机箱1、导杆2、用于夹紧测试样品200的夹头3、用于拉伸测试样品200的操作杆4、加热系统5、制冷系统6、用于设定和显示温度的控制仪表7及电源8。导杆2固定于机箱1内，其上设有长度刻度；夹头3可滑动地设置在导杆2上，机箱1相对的两侧均穿设有操作杆4，机箱1相对两侧上的操作杆4的一端分别穿出机箱1的两侧，另一端可分别与测试样品200的两端固定连接。
具体地，机箱1包括上下设置的测试腔11及控制机箱12，夹头3、导杆2及操作杆4设置于测试腔11内，加热系统5、制冷系统6、控制仪表7及电源8设置于控制机箱12内。测试腔11内设置有两条相互平行的导杆2，夹头3固定于两条导杆2之间；两条导杆2上间隔地设置有两个夹头3。
进一步地，上述夹头3由耐高温材料制造而成，从而可适应箱体1内的高温环境。测试腔11的侧面上设置有用于排气的风机9，用于排放机箱1内的冷气或热气，加热系统5包括加热控制仪表51及加热元件52，该加热元件52设置内测试腔11底部。上述形状记忆性能测试仪还包括盖设于箱体1顶部的箱盖13，箱盖13的中间区域上嵌设有用于观察箱体1内部的玻璃窗131，从而可方便操作者读取测试样品200的形变量。
应用上述形状记忆性能测试仪的测试样品形状记忆性能的过程如下：1、安装测试样品200，如长方形样条，用耐高温的夹头3拧紧测试样品200，并将测试样品200的两端分别与操作杆4固定连接。2、调节控制仪表7，设置温度为80℃（按升温或降温按键至设定温度，然后按SET），温度升至设置温度后，在箱体1外拉动操作杆4，使测试样品200沿着导杆2拉伸至一定的形变量，如100%。3、锁定操作杆4，调低温度，降温至低温，如20℃，固定变形形变约30min。4、松开操作杆4，调节测试样品200，使测试样品200刚好伸直，读取导杆2上的刻度记录测试样品200长度，即可以根据前面的变形量计算出测试样品200的形变固定率，即形状固定率。5、使操作杆4保证松开状态，调节控制仪表7，慢慢升温至高温，如80℃；根据导杆2上的刻度记录测试样品200的长度，即可以观察到任一温度下测试样品200的长度，从而计算其形变量。6、最后，可以由形变量对温度作图，得到如图2所示的形变回复率与温度的关系曲线，找出形变恢复或测试样品200收缩与温度的变化关系。从变化关系图中可以计算出测试样品200的最快回复温度即回复50%变形量的温度、初始回复温度（回复10%形变量时的温度）、最终回复温度（回复90%的形变量的温度）以及形变回复速率等参数。
本实施例通过控制仪表7可控制加热系统5或制冷系统6，使箱体1内部温度固定为某一目标值，使用操作杆4拉伸测试样品200，可使其发生形变，通过导杆2上的刻度可读出其形变量；操作者读出多个时刻的温度及与该温度下测试样品200的长度，可得出测试样品200形变恢复与温度的变化关系，从而可计算出形状固定率、形状回复率、形状回复温度和形状回复速度等参数，本发明的形状记忆性能测试仪结构简单、体积小，造价低且测试方法简便。
本实施例的测试仪除测试功能外，还可用于制备高分子复合膜材料，具体制备过程如下：1、 剪出两片高分子膜（图中未示出），并把适当粘胶剂放在两片高分子膜之间，得到高分子复合膜样品（图中未示出）。2、然后用耐高温的夹头3把高分子复合膜样品固定。3、调节控制仪表9，设置温度为100℃(按升温，降温按键至设定温度，然后按SET)，使两片高分子膜在这一温度下定型复合30分钟。4、最后，打开箱盖13，或降温至室温环境，取出高分子复合膜样品，即为高分子复合膜材料，该复合膜材料制备方法，一方面可以保证聚合物膜在复合制备过程中不发生收缩变形，也不会复合紧密，另外，上述测试仪器可对聚合物进行加热、保温、冷却等处理，功能丰富，操作方便。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种形状记忆性能测试仪，其特征在于，其包括机箱、导杆、用于夹紧测试样品的夹头、用于拉伸测试样品的操作杆、加热系统、制冷系统、用于设定和显示温度的控制仪表及电源；所述导杆固定于所述机箱内，其上设有长度刻度；所述夹头可滑动地设置在所述导杆上，所述机箱相对的两侧均穿设有所述操作杆，所述机箱相对两侧上的操作杆的一端分别穿出所述机箱的两侧，另一端可分别与所述测试样品的两端固定连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的形状记忆性能测试仪，其特征在于，所述机箱包括上下设置的测试腔及控制机箱，所述夹头、导杆及操作杆设置于所述测试腔内，所述加热系统、制冷系统、控制仪表及电源设置于所述控制机箱内。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的形状记忆性能测试仪，其特征在于，所述测试腔内设置有两条相互平行的所述导杆，所述夹头固定于所述的两条导杆之间。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的形状记忆性能测试仪，其特征在于，所述两条导杆上设有间隔地设置有两个所述夹头。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的形状记忆性能测试仪，其特征在于，所述加热系统包括加热控制仪表及加热元件。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的形状记忆性能测试仪，其特征在于，所述测试腔的侧面上设置有用于排气的风机。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的形状记忆性能测试仪，其特征在于，所述形状记忆性能测试仪还包括盖设于所述箱体顶部的箱盖。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的形状记忆性能测试仪，其特征在于，所述箱盖的中间区域上嵌设有用于观察所述箱体内部的玻璃窗。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的形状记忆性能测试仪，其特征在于，所述夹头由耐高温材料制造而成。
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