WO2015170842A1 - Fastening device and spring washer of fastening device - Google Patents

Fastening device and spring washer of fastening device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015170842A1
WO2015170842A1 PCT/KR2015/003966 KR2015003966W WO2015170842A1 WO 2015170842 A1 WO2015170842 A1 WO 2015170842A1 KR 2015003966 W KR2015003966 W KR 2015003966W WO 2015170842 A1 WO2015170842 A1 WO 2015170842A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spring washer
fastening device
contact
resistance
nut
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PCT/KR2015/003966
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
최성모
Original Assignee
서울시립대학교 산학협력단
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Publication of WO2015170842A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015170842A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/12—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring axial thrust in a rotary shaft, e.g. of propulsion plants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fastening device and a spring washer of the fastening device, and more particularly, a fastening device capable of adjusting and monitoring the fastening force by measuring the axial force (fastening force) and effectively performing the nut loosening function and the locking function.
  • a spring washer of a fastening device is a fastening device capable of adjusting and monitoring the fastening force by measuring the axial force (fastening force) and effectively performing the nut loosening function and the locking function.
  • a spring washer that cuts a part of the washer to give elasticity, a toothed washer which is embossed on the fastening surface, and is fitted into a threaded portion of the bolt and a through hole formed in the radial direction of the nut.
  • the fastening nut is fastened to the outside by overlapping a pin member such as a split pin and further, a fastening nut, and a double nut using a fastening action between the two nuts and a frictional surface is widely used.
  • the spring washer 1 is sandwiched between the nuts 3 which are screwed into the male threaded portions 2a such as bolts 2 and the like, and deformed as the nuts 3 are tightened. It is a mechanical component that increases the strength of the assembly 4, 5 and the rigidity of the coupling by the elastic force, prevents loosening of the nut 3, and improves the locking function.
  • an object of the present invention is to enable the adjustment and monitoring of the tightening force by enabling the axial force (fastening force) to be measured by the electrical resistance changes according to the deformation of the spring washer and loosening of the nut It is to provide a fastening device and a spring washer of the fastening device that can effectively perform the prevention function and the locking function.
  • the fastening device for achieving the above object is a spring washer that is fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt and in close contact with the object to be separated and separated into one end and the other end, the one end and the other end is in contact with the electrode;
  • a nut having a seating groove into which a spring washer is fitted; It includes a resistance meter for connecting the electrode to measure the resistance according to the contact and separation of one end and the other end.
  • the side surface of one end part and the other end part can contact with an electrode, and the electrical resistance changes according to the area which the side part of one side part and the other end part contacts and isolates.
  • One end and the other end of the spring washer are provided with a plurality of electrode terminals, the electrical resistance may be changed in accordance with the contact and separation of the plurality of electrode terminals.
  • a band washer is formed in the spring washer along the longitudinal direction, and the band groove may be provided with a strain gauge.
  • a plurality of locking jaws may be formed at the end of the spring washer along the circumferential direction.
  • the bottom surface of the seating groove may be formed with a plurality of locking jaws that the end of the spring washer while forming a plurality of inclined surface deep in the circumferential direction.
  • the bottom surface of the seating groove is deepened along the circumferential direction, and may be deepened in multiple steps along the circumferential direction.
  • the resistance measuring device includes a calculation unit that converts the measured resistance into axial force.
  • the resistance meter includes a display unit displaying the measured resistance or the converted axial force.
  • Spring washer of the fastening device is a spring washer of the fastening device for measuring the axial force (fastening force) by the electrical resistance that changes according to the deformation of the spring washer, the spring washer is separated into one end and the other end and contact with each other electrode It is possible, and the radius increases from one end to the other end to open each other, and the height increases from one end to the other end to open each other.
  • an insulating layer is formed on the outer surface except for the contact surface where one end and the other end contact.
  • the contact surface is preferably the side of one end and the other end. The side may be formed as a vertical plane or an inclined plane.
  • the axial force (fastening force) can be measured by the electrical resistance that changes according to the deformation of the spring washer, and the tightening force can be adjusted and monitored, and the nut is prevented from loosening and locking function. There is an effect that can be performed effectively.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a fastening device using a general spring washer.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the fastening device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the spring washer of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of one end and the other end of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the spring washer of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the spring washer of FIG.
  • (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing which shows the state which deforms as the spring washer of FIG. 2 is tightened with a nut.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating a state in which an electrical resistance changes according to a deformation of the spring washer of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the nut of FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the nut of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the seating groove of FIG. 10 along a circumferential direction;
  • 12 (a) and 12 (b) are working state diagrams of the fastening device of FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the fastening device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is an elevational view of a portion of the spring washer of FIG.
  • 15A to 15C are explanatory views showing a state in which the spring washer of FIG. 13 is deformed as the spring washer is tightened by a nut to contact the electrodes.
  • FIG. 16 are operation state diagrams of the fastening device of FIG.
  • the fastening device 100 includes a spring washer 110, a nut 120, and a resistance meter 130.
  • the spring washer 110 is fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt (shown in FIG. 12) to be in close contact with the object to be fastened (shown in FIG. 12), and the washer body 111 has one end ( 112) and the other end 113, and is made of a high elastic material such as spring or stainless steel.
  • Spring washer 110 may be made of a conductive FRPC (Fiber Reinforced Plastic Compound, fiber reinforced plastic composite).
  • One end 112 and the other end 113 of the spring washer 110 is in contact with the electrode, the radius increases from one end 112 to the other end 113 is opened to each other, one end 112 In the other end 113 is increased in height to be separated from each other.
  • an insulating layer 111a is formed on the outer surface of the washer body 111 except for the contact surfaces 112a and 113a where the one end 112 and the other end 113 contact each other.
  • Contact surfaces 112a and 113a are side surfaces of one end 112 and the other end 113.
  • the contact surfaces 112a and 113a are perpendicular along the radial direction.
  • the spring washer 210 may contact one end 212 and the other end 213 with electrodes, and the one end 212 and the other end (
  • An insulating layer 211a is formed on the outer surface of the body 211 except for the contact surfaces 212a and 213a to which the 213 contacts, and the contact surfaces 212a and 213a are inclined surfaces inclined with respect to the radial direction.
  • the contact surfaces 212a and 213a of the inclined surface may be formed obliquely in three dimensions.
  • the contact surfaces 212a and 213a of the inclined surface are initially in contact with each other to facilitate slippage, and have an effect of preventing contact failure during contact of the contact surfaces 212a and 213a.
  • the contact surfaces 212a and 213a add frictional force in addition to the elastic deformation. There is an effect to increase.
  • a spring washer 310 has a band groove 315 formed on an outer surface thereof in the longitudinal direction (circumferential direction) of the body 311, and a strain gauge (not shown) in the band groove 315. ), It is also possible to measure the resistance to deformation of the spring washer by tightening the nut. The addition of a strain gauge allows for more accurate measurement of changes in clamping force (axial force).
  • Spring washer 110 is fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt (T), as shown in Figure 7 (a) to (c) as the nut is tightened, the radius of the other end 113 is reduced, the spring washer 110 While the inner surface of the () approaches the bolt (T), the height difference between one end 112 and the other end 113 is reduced.
  • the resistance is changed as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7A when the contact surfaces 112a and 113a of the one end 112 and the other end 113 are separated from each other, the resistance value is kept constant with high resistance (part A of FIG. 8).
  • the resistance starts to decrease from the point of contact of the contact surfaces 112a and 113a, and the resistance decreases more rapidly as the contact area increases (part b of FIG. 8),
  • FIG. 7C when the contact surfaces 112a and 113a come into full contact, the resistance value is kept constant with low resistance (part C of FIG. 8).
  • the resistance changes the axial force (fastening force) and the nut loosened state can be known.
  • the nut 120 has a seating groove 121 into which the spring washer 110 is fitted.
  • the side (121a) of the seating groove 121 is to increase the radius along the circumferential direction so that the outer circumferential surface of the spring washer 110 is in close contact.
  • the bottom surface 121b of the seating groove 121 is deepened in multiple stages along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of locking jaws 121c are formed at the ends of the spring washers.
  • the catching jaw 121c is more preferably formed in a sawtooth shape.
  • the nut 220 of the other embodiment has a side surface 221a of the seating groove 221 in which a radius increases along the circumferential direction so that the outer circumferential surface of the spring washer comes into close contact with the seating groove.
  • the bottom surface 221b of 221 forms an inclined surface that deepens along the circumferential direction, and has a configuration in which one locking jaw 221c is formed at an end of the bottom surface 221b.
  • the side surfaces 121a and 221a of the seating grooves 121 and 221 increase in radius along the circumferential direction so that the outer circumferential surface of the spring washer closes and hangs, so that the large radius side of the spring washer gradually decreases when the nut is tightened.
  • the nut is forced outward. Therefore, as the asymmetric friction increases, the tightening becomes greater, and the locking ability becomes larger.
  • the locking projections 121c and 221c of the seating grooves 121 and 221 increase the function of self locking. That is, when the nut is loosened, the nut is stretched by the elastic force of the spring washer and is caught by the locking jaws 121c and 221c, so that the nut is no longer loosened.
  • the nut 320 has a radius 321a increasing in the circumferential direction so that the outer circumferential surface of the spring washer closes to the seating groove 321.
  • the bottom surface 321b of the groove 321 has a configuration in which a plurality of locking jaws 321c are formed at the end portions of the spring washers while forming a plurality of inclined surfaces that deepen along the circumferential direction.
  • 11 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the seating groove 321 of FIG. 10 along the circumferential direction.
  • the resistance meter 130 connects the wires with one end 112 and the other end 113 of the spring washer 110 as an electrode to provide resistance due to contact and separation between the one end 112 and the other end 113.
  • Measure The resistance meter 130 may include a calculator 131 for converting the measured resistance according to the deformation of the spring washer 110 into axial force (or tightening force), a display unit 132 for displaying the measured resistance or the converted axial force, and a resistance. And an operation unit 133 such as a switch for operating the measuring device 130.
  • the resistance measurer 130 may be connected to a computer by wire or wirelessly, and the calculator 131 may calculate the axial force according to a program according to the relationship between the deformation of the spring washer 110 and the axial force and resistance.
  • the display unit 133 may include an alarm device for notifying tightening and loosening according to the change in the axial force.
  • the fastening device 100 has a spring washer at the threaded portion of the bolt T passing through the object A and B as shown in FIG. While inserting the (110) while inserting the nut 120, the spring washer 110 is seated in the seating groove 121 of the nut 120 and the radius of the other end 113 side of the spring washer 110 as tightened As a result, the inner surface of the spring washer 110 approaches the bolt T, while the height difference between the one end 112 and the other end 113 is reduced, as shown in FIG. , B) is completed.
  • the change in the axial force due to tightening and loosening of the nut 120 is calculated by the calculation unit 131 according to the conversion of the resistance measured by the resistance meter 130 according to the operation of the operation unit 133, the display unit 132 Is displayed.
  • the fastening device enables the adjustment and monitoring of the fastening force by enabling the axial force measurement with the electric resistance which changes according to the deformation of the spring washer.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a fastening device according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is an elevation view showing a part of the spring washer of FIG. 13
  • FIGS. 15A to 15C show the spring of FIG. 13. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which an electrode contacts with a deformation
  • the fastening device 500 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a spring washer 510, a nut 520, and a resistance meter 530, and one end of the spring washer 510. A plurality of electrode terminals 512 and 513 are provided at the other end.
  • the spring washer 510 is fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt (shown in FIG. 16) to be in close contact with the object to be fastened (shown in FIG. 16), and the washer body 511 is separated into one end and the other end, and is made of a non-conductive material. Can be done.
  • One end of the spring washer 510 is formed with an electrode terminal 512 on one side, and the other end of the spring washer 510 contacts the electrode terminal 512 on one side according to the deformation of the spring washer 510.
  • the electrode terminal 513 is formed to protrude.
  • One end and the other end of the spring washer 510 has the same radius as each other, and the height (thickness direction) increases from one end to the other end to be separated from each other.
  • the electrode terminals 512 and 513 are formed of a plurality of strings, and as shown in FIGS. 15A to 15C, height differences of one end and the other end decrease as the nuts are tightened, and the electrode terminals 512 are in contact with each other.
  • the number of contacts of 513 increases and the electrical resistance changes. In the present embodiment, only five electrode terminals are shown as an example for explanation.
  • the nut 520 has a seating groove 521 to which the spring washer 510 is fitted.
  • the depth of the mounting groove 121 is the same.
  • the resistance meter 530 measures the resistance according to contact and separation of the electrodes 512 and 513 by connecting the electrode terminals 512 and 513 of the spring washer 510 with wires.
  • the resistance measuring unit 530 may include an operation unit 531 for converting the resistance measured according to the deformation of the spring washer 510 into axial force (or tightening force), a display unit 532 for displaying the measured resistance or converted axial force, and a resistance. And an operation unit 533 such as a switch for operating the measuring instrument 530.
  • the fastening device 500 according to the second embodiment of the present invention configured as described above has a spring washer at the threaded portion of the bolt T passing through the object A and B as shown in FIG. 510 is fitted while the nut 520 is inserted so that the spring washer 510 is seated in the seating groove 521 of the nut 520 and, as tightened, the height between the other end and one end of the spring washer 510.
  • the fastening of the objects A and B is completed as shown in Fig. 16B.
  • the change in the axial force due to tightening and loosening of the nut 520 is calculated by the calculation unit 531 in accordance with the conversion of the resistance measured by the resistance meter 530 in accordance with the operation of the operation unit 533, the display unit 532 Is displayed.
  • the spring washer of the fastening device and the fastening device of the present invention enables the adjustment and monitoring of the fastening force by enabling the axial force (fastening force) to be measured by the electric resistance that changes according to the deformation of the spring washer, and effectively performs the anti-loosening function and the locking function of the nut. It is a very useful invention.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fastening device including a spring washer, a nut and a resistivity meter. The spring washer closely comes into contact with a fastened object by being screw-coupled with a thread part of a bolt and is divided into one end part and another end part, wherein the one end part and the other end part can come into contact with each other through an electrode and are separated from each other due to the height of the spring washer which increases as the spring washer goes from the one end part to the other end part. The nut comprises a mounting groove into which the spring washer is fitted and mounted. The resistivity meter measures resistance according to the contact and separation of the one end part and the other end part by connecting the electrode thereto. According to this configuration, axial force measurement is enabled by electric resistivity which is varied according to the deformation of the spring washer, and thus a fastening force can be adjusted and monitored and a release prevention function and a locking function of the nut can be effectively performed.

Description

체결장치와 체결장치의 스프링 와셔Fasteners and spring washers
본 발명은 체결장치와 체결장치의 스프링 와셔에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 축력(체결력) 측정으로 체결력의 조절과 감시가 가능하며 너트의 풀림 방지 기능과 로킹 기능을 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 체결장치와 체결장치의 스프링 와셔에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a fastening device and a spring washer of the fastening device, and more particularly, a fastening device capable of adjusting and monitoring the fastening force by measuring the axial force (fastening force) and effectively performing the nut loosening function and the locking function. A spring washer of a fastening device.
일반적으로 다양한 기계장치에 부품을 체결하는 볼트와 너트, 또는 건축물 등의 철골을 고정할 때 사용하는 볼트와 너트는, 피체결물의 진동 등에 의해 점차 헐거워져 풀리는 것으로 알려져 있다.In general, it is known that bolts and nuts used to fix bolts and nuts for fastening parts to various mechanical devices or steel structures such as buildings are gradually loosened and loosened due to vibration of the object to be fastened.
이와 같은 너트의 풀림을 방지하는 수단으로서, 와셔의 일부를 절단하여 탄성력을 부여한 스프링 와셔, 체결면에 엠보싱 가공을 실시한 이붙이 와셔, 볼트의 나사부 및 너트의 반경방향으로 형성한 관통공에 끼워 장착한 분할핀 등의 핀부재, 나아가 체결용 너트에 겹쳐서 외측에 풀림 방지용의 너트를 체결하고, 양 너트들의 체결작용과 안착면 간의 마찰력을 이용한 더블너트 등이 광범위하게 채용되고 있다.As a means of preventing such loosening of the nut, a spring washer that cuts a part of the washer to give elasticity, a toothed washer which is embossed on the fastening surface, and is fitted into a threaded portion of the bolt and a through hole formed in the radial direction of the nut. The fastening nut is fastened to the outside by overlapping a pin member such as a split pin and further, a fastening nut, and a double nut using a fastening action between the two nuts and a frictional surface is widely used.
도 1에 도시한 바와 같이, 스프링 와셔(1)는 볼트(2) 등의 숫나사부(2a)에 나사결합되어 체결되는 너트(3) 사이에 끼워져, 너트(3)가 조여짐에 따라 변형되어 그 탄발력에 의해 조립체(4, 5) 부분의 강도와 결합의 견고성을 높이고 너트(3)의 풀림을 방지하고 로킹 기능을 향상시키는 기계 부품이다.As shown in FIG. 1, the spring washer 1 is sandwiched between the nuts 3 which are screwed into the male threaded portions 2a such as bolts 2 and the like, and deformed as the nuts 3 are tightened. It is a mechanical component that increases the strength of the assembly 4, 5 and the rigidity of the coupling by the elastic force, prevents loosening of the nut 3, and improves the locking function.
조립체(4, 5)를 결합할 때는 조립체 안에서 바람직한 결합력이 발생되도록 하기 위해 특정 축력(체결력)을 가하고, 너트가 풀리는 것을 감시하는 것이 중요한 경우가 있다. When assembling the assemblies 4 and 5, it is often important to apply certain axial forces (fastening forces) and to monitor the loosening of the nuts in order to produce the desired coupling forces within the assembly.
조립체(4, 5)에 적합한 체결력을 가할 때 가장 일반적인 방법은 오차범위가 큰 토크 렌치를 사용하여 조이는 것이다. 각도로 조절하는 조임은 오차범위가 15% 까지 가능하지만 적합한 축력을 가하는 데에는 숙련된 기능이 요구된다. 이러한 예는 미국 특허 제 5,165,831호에 공개되어 있으나, 정밀하게 축력을 가할 수 없으므로 정밀한 조임을 할 수 없으며, 축력을 감시할 수 없으므로 너트의 풀림으로 인한 안전사고와 재산상의 손실을 효과적으로 방지할 수 없다는 문제점이 있었다.The most common method of applying a suitable clamping force to the assemblies 4 and 5 is to tighten using a torque wrench with a large margin of error. Angle-tightening allows a margin of error of up to 15%, but requires skilled skill to apply the proper axial force. This example is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,165,831. However, since it is impossible to precisely apply axial force, it is impossible to precisely tighten the axial force, and it is not possible to effectively prevent safety accidents and property loss due to loosening of the nut because it cannot be monitored. There was a problem.
본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 이루어진 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 스프링 와셔의 변형에 따라 변하는 전기 저항으로 축력(체결력) 측정이 가능하게 함으로써 체결력의 조절과 감시가 가능하며 너트의 풀림 방지 기능과 로킹 기능을 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 체결장치 및 체결장치의 스프링 와셔를 제공하는 데 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the problems described above, an object of the present invention is to enable the adjustment and monitoring of the tightening force by enabling the axial force (fastening force) to be measured by the electrical resistance changes according to the deformation of the spring washer and loosening of the nut It is to provide a fastening device and a spring washer of the fastening device that can effectively perform the prevention function and the locking function.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 의한 체결장치는 볼트의 나사산부에 끼워져 피체결물에 밀착하며 일단부와 타단부로 분리되고, 일단부와 타단부가 전극으로 접촉 가능한 스프링 와셔와; 스프링 와셔가 끼워져 안착되는 안착홈을 구비하는 너트와; 전극을 연결하여 일단부와 타단부의 접촉 및 분리에 따른 저항을 측정하는 저항 측정기를 포함한다.The fastening device according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a spring washer that is fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt and in close contact with the object to be separated and separated into one end and the other end, the one end and the other end is in contact with the electrode; A nut having a seating groove into which a spring washer is fitted; It includes a resistance meter for connecting the electrode to measure the resistance according to the contact and separation of one end and the other end.
스프링 와셔는 일단부과 타단부의 측면이 전극으로 접촉 가능하여, 일단부와 타단부의 측면이 접촉 및 분리되는 면적에 따라 전기 저항이 변하게 되어 있다. 스프링 와셔의 일단부와 타단부에는 다수의 전극 단자가 구비되고, 다수의 전극 단자의 접촉 및 분리에 따라 전기 저항이 변하게 되어 있을 수도 있다. 스프링 와셔에는 길이방향을 따라 띠홈이 형성되고, 띠홈에는 스트레인 게이지가 설치되어 있을 수도 있다.As for the spring washer, the side surface of one end part and the other end part can contact with an electrode, and the electrical resistance changes according to the area which the side part of one side part and the other end part contacts and isolates. One end and the other end of the spring washer are provided with a plurality of electrode terminals, the electrical resistance may be changed in accordance with the contact and separation of the plurality of electrode terminals. A band washer is formed in the spring washer along the longitudinal direction, and the band groove may be provided with a strain gauge.
안착홈의 바닥면에는 원주방향을 따라 스프링 와셔의 단부가 걸리는 다수의 걸림턱이 형성될 수 있다. 안착홈의 바닥면은 원주방향을 따라 깊어지는 다수의 경사면을 이루면서 스프링 와셔의 단부가 걸리는 다수의 걸림턱이 형성될 수 있다. 안착홈의 바닥면은 원주방향을 따라 깊어지게 되어 있으며, 원주방향을 따라 다단계로 깊어지게 되어 있을 수 있다.On the bottom surface of the seating groove, a plurality of locking jaws may be formed at the end of the spring washer along the circumferential direction. The bottom surface of the seating groove may be formed with a plurality of locking jaws that the end of the spring washer while forming a plurality of inclined surface deep in the circumferential direction. The bottom surface of the seating groove is deepened along the circumferential direction, and may be deepened in multiple steps along the circumferential direction.
저항 측정기는 측정된 저항을 축력으로 환산하는 연산부를 구비한다. 저항 측정기는 측정된 저항 또는 환산된 축력을 표시하는 표시부를 구비한다.The resistance measuring device includes a calculation unit that converts the measured resistance into axial force. The resistance meter includes a display unit displaying the measured resistance or the converted axial force.
본 발명에 의한 체결장치의 스프링 와셔는 스프링 와셔의 변형에 따라 변하는 전기 저항으로 축력(체결력)을 측정하는 체결장치의 스프링 와셔에 있어서, 스프링 와셔는 일단부와 타단부로 분리되어 서로 전극으로 접촉 가능하고, 일단부에서 타단부로 갈수록 반경이 증가하여 서로 벌어지며, 일단부에서 타단부로 갈수록 높이가 증가하여 서로 벌어지게 되어 있다.Spring washer of the fastening device according to the present invention is a spring washer of the fastening device for measuring the axial force (fastening force) by the electrical resistance that changes according to the deformation of the spring washer, the spring washer is separated into one end and the other end and contact with each other electrode It is possible, and the radius increases from one end to the other end to open each other, and the height increases from one end to the other end to open each other.
너트의 조임에 따라 일단부와 타단부가 접촉하는 접촉면을 제외한 외면에는 절연층이 형성된다. 접촉면은 일단부와 타단부의 측면인 것이 바람직하다. 측면은 수직면이나 경사면으로 형성될 수 있다.As the nut is tightened, an insulating layer is formed on the outer surface except for the contact surface where one end and the other end contact. The contact surface is preferably the side of one end and the other end. The side may be formed as a vertical plane or an inclined plane.
본 발명에 의한 체결장치와 체결장치의 스프링 와셔에 의하면, 스프링 와셔의 변형에 따라 변하는 전기 저항으로 축력(체결력) 측정이 가능하게 함으로써 체결력의 조절과 감시가 가능하며 너트의 풀림 방지 기능과 로킹 기능을 효과적으로 수행할 수 있다는 효과가 있다.According to the spring washer of the fastening device and the fastening device according to the present invention, the axial force (fastening force) can be measured by the electrical resistance that changes according to the deformation of the spring washer, and the tightening force can be adjusted and monitored, and the nut is prevented from loosening and locking function. There is an effect that can be performed effectively.
도 1은 일반적인 스프링 와셔를 이용한 체결장치를 나타내는 구성도이다.1 is a block diagram showing a fastening device using a general spring washer.
도 2는 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 체결장치를 나타내는 구성 사시도이다.2 is a perspective view showing the fastening device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
도 3은 도 2의 스프링 와셔를 나타내는 사시도이다.3 is a perspective view illustrating the spring washer of FIG.
도 4은 도 3의 일단부와 타단부를 단면으로 나타낸 도면이다.4 is a cross-sectional view of one end and the other end of FIG.
도 5는 도 2의 스프링 와셔의 다른 실시예를 나타내는 단면도이다.5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the spring washer of FIG.
도 6은 도 2의 스프링 와셔의 또 다른 실시예를 나타내는 사시도이다.6 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of the spring washer of FIG.
도 7의 (a) 내지 (c)는 도 2의 스프링 와셔가 너트에 의해 조여짐에 따라 변형되는 상태를 나타내는 설명도이다.(A)-(c) is explanatory drawing which shows the state which deforms as the spring washer of FIG. 2 is tightened with a nut.
도 8은 도 2의 스프링 와셔의 변형에 따라 전기 저항이 변하는 상태를 나타내는 그래프이다.8 is a graph illustrating a state in which an electrical resistance changes according to a deformation of the spring washer of FIG. 2.
도 9은 도 2의 너트의 다른 실시예를 나타내는 사시도이다.9 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the nut of FIG.
도 10은 도 2의 너트의 또 다른 실시예를 나타내는 사시도이다.10 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the nut of FIG. 2.
도 11은 도 10의 안착홈에서 원주방향을 따라 일부를 단면으로 나타낸 도면이다. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the seating groove of FIG. 10 along a circumferential direction; FIG.
도 12의 (a) 및 (b)는 도 2의 체결장치의 작용 상태도이다.12 (a) and 12 (b) are working state diagrams of the fastening device of FIG.
도 13은 본 발명의 제2실시예에 의한 체결장치를 나타내는 구성 사시도이다.13 is a perspective view showing the fastening device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
도 14는 도 13의 스프링 와셔의 일부를 나타낸 입면도이다.14 is an elevational view of a portion of the spring washer of FIG.
도 15의 (a) 내지 (c)는 도 13의 스프링 와셔가 너트에 의해 조여짐에 따라 변형되어 전극이 접하는 상태를 나타내는 설명도이다.15A to 15C are explanatory views showing a state in which the spring washer of FIG. 13 is deformed as the spring washer is tightened by a nut to contact the electrodes.
도 16의 (a) 및 (b)는 도 13의 체결장치의 작용 상태도이다.(A) and (b) of FIG. 16 are operation state diagrams of the fastening device of FIG.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명한다. 이 때, 첨부된 도면에서 동일한 구성 요소는 가능한 동일한 부호로 나타내고 있음에 유의한다. 또한, 본 발명의 요지를 흐리게 할 수 있는 공지 기능 및 구성에 대한 상세한 설명은 생략할 것이다. 마찬가지 이유로 첨부 도면에 있어서 일부 구성요소는 과장되거나 생략되거나 개략적으로 도시되었다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this case, the same components in the accompanying drawings are to be noted that by the same reference numerals as possible. In addition, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and configurations that may blur the gist of the present invention will be omitted. For the same reason, in the accompanying drawings, some components are exaggerated, omitted or schematically illustrated.
도 2는 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 체결장치를 나타내는 구성 사시도이다. 도시한 바와 같이 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 체결장치(100)는 스프링 와셔(110)와, 너트(120)와, 저항 측정기(130)를 포함한다.2 is a perspective view showing the fastening device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the fastening device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a spring washer 110, a nut 120, and a resistance meter 130.
스프링 와셔(110)는 도 3 및 도 4에 도시한 바와 같이, 볼트(도 12에 도시)의 나사산부에 끼워져 피체결물(도 12에 도시)에 밀착하며 와셔 몸체(111)가 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)로 분리되며, 스프링이나 스테인레스강 등 고탄성 재질로 되어 있다. 스프링와셔(110)는 전도성의 FRPC(Fiber Reinforced Plastic Compound, 섬유 강화 플라스틱 복합재)로 이루어 질 수 있다.3 and 4, the spring washer 110 is fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt (shown in FIG. 12) to be in close contact with the object to be fastened (shown in FIG. 12), and the washer body 111 has one end ( 112) and the other end 113, and is made of a high elastic material such as spring or stainless steel. Spring washer 110 may be made of a conductive FRPC (Fiber Reinforced Plastic Compound, fiber reinforced plastic composite).
스프링와셔(110)의 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)는 전극으로 접촉 가능하고, 일단부(112)에서 타단부(113)로 갈수록 반경이 증가하여 서로 벌어지며, 일단부(112)에서 타단부(113)로 갈수록 높이가 증가하여 서로 벌어지게 되어 있다. 너트(120)의 조임에 따라 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)가 접촉하는 접촉면(112a, 113a)을 제외한 와셔 몸체(111)의 외면에는 절연층(111a)이 형성된다. 접촉면(112a, 113a)은 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)의 측면이다. 접촉면(112a, 113a)은 반경방향을 따라 수직으로 되어 있다.One end 112 and the other end 113 of the spring washer 110 is in contact with the electrode, the radius increases from one end 112 to the other end 113 is opened to each other, one end 112 In the other end 113 is increased in height to be separated from each other. As the nut 120 is tightened, an insulating layer 111a is formed on the outer surface of the washer body 111 except for the contact surfaces 112a and 113a where the one end 112 and the other end 113 contact each other. Contact surfaces 112a and 113a are side surfaces of one end 112 and the other end 113. The contact surfaces 112a and 113a are perpendicular along the radial direction.
한편, 도 5에 도시한 바와 같이 다른 실시예의 스프링 와셔(210)는 일단부(212)와 타단부(213)는 전극으로 접촉 가능하고, 너트의 조임에 따라 일단부(212)와 타단부(213)가 접촉하는 접촉면(212a, 213a)을 제외한 몸체(211)의 외면에는 절연층(211a)이 형성되고, 접촉면(212a, 213a)은 반경방향에 대해 경사진 경사면으로 되어 있다. 경사면의 접촉면(212a, 213a)는 3차원으로 비스듬하게 형성될 수 있다.Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 5, the spring washer 210 according to another embodiment may contact one end 212 and the other end 213 with electrodes, and the one end 212 and the other end ( An insulating layer 211a is formed on the outer surface of the body 211 except for the contact surfaces 212a and 213a to which the 213 contacts, and the contact surfaces 212a and 213a are inclined surfaces inclined with respect to the radial direction. The contact surfaces 212a and 213a of the inclined surface may be formed obliquely in three dimensions.
경사면의 접촉면(212a, 213a)는 초기에 서로 접촉하여 미끄러짐을 용이하게 하고 접촉면(212a 213a)의 접촉시의 접촉불량을 방지하는 효과가 있으며, 접촉하여 미끄러질 때 탄성변형 이외에 마찰력이 추가되어 탄성력이 증가하게 되는 효과가 있다.The contact surfaces 212a and 213a of the inclined surface are initially in contact with each other to facilitate slippage, and have an effect of preventing contact failure during contact of the contact surfaces 212a and 213a. When the sliding surfaces are in contact, the contact surfaces 212a and 213a add frictional force in addition to the elastic deformation. There is an effect to increase.
도 6에 도시한 바와 같이 또 다른 실시예의 스프링 와셔(310)는 몸체(311)의 길이방향(원주방향)으로 따라 외면에 띠홈(315)이 형성되고, 띠홈(315)에는 스트레인 게이지(도시 안됨)가 설치되어, 너트의 조임에 의한 스프링 와셔의 변형에 따른 저항을 측정할 수도 있다. 스트레인 게이지를 추가함에 따라 체결력(축력)의 변화를 더욱 정확하게 측정할 수 있다. As shown in FIG. 6, a spring washer 310 according to another embodiment has a band groove 315 formed on an outer surface thereof in the longitudinal direction (circumferential direction) of the body 311, and a strain gauge (not shown) in the band groove 315. ), It is also possible to measure the resistance to deformation of the spring washer by tightening the nut. The addition of a strain gauge allows for more accurate measurement of changes in clamping force (axial force).
스프링 와셔(110)는 도 7의 (a) 내지 (c)에 도시한 바와 같이 볼트(T)의 나사산부에 끼워져 너트가 조여짐에 따라 타단부(113) 쪽의 반경이 줄어들어 스프링 와셔(110)의 내면이 볼트(T)에 접근하는 한편 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)의 높이 차가 줄어든다. Spring washer 110 is fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt (T), as shown in Figure 7 (a) to (c) as the nut is tightened, the radius of the other end 113 is reduced, the spring washer 110 While the inner surface of the () approaches the bolt (T), the height difference between one end 112 and the other end 113 is reduced.
스프링 와셔(110)의 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)가 전극으로 연결되었을 경우 그 저항은 도 8에 도시한 바와 같이 변하게 된다. 도 7의 (a)에 도시한 바와 같이 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)의 접촉면(112a, 113a)이 떨어져 있을 경우에는 높은 저항으로 저항치가 일정하게 유지되다가(도 8의 a 부분), 도 7의 (b)에 도시한 바와 같이 접촉면(112a, 113a)이 접촉한 시점부터 저항이 감소하기 시작하여 접촉면적이 늘어남에 따라 저항이 더욱 급격하게 감소하고(도 8의 b부분), 도 7의 (c)에 도시한 바와 같이 접촉면(112a, 113a)의 완전히 접촉하게 되면 낮은 저항으로 저항치가 일정하게 유지된다(도 8의 c부분). 이러한 저항치의 변화에 따라 축력(체결력)과 너트의 풀림상태를 알 수 있게 된다.When one end 112 and the other end 113 of the spring washer 110 is connected to the electrode, the resistance is changed as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7A, when the contact surfaces 112a and 113a of the one end 112 and the other end 113 are separated from each other, the resistance value is kept constant with high resistance (part A of FIG. 8). As shown in (b) of FIG. 7, the resistance starts to decrease from the point of contact of the contact surfaces 112a and 113a, and the resistance decreases more rapidly as the contact area increases (part b of FIG. 8), As shown in FIG. 7C, when the contact surfaces 112a and 113a come into full contact, the resistance value is kept constant with low resistance (part C of FIG. 8). As the resistance changes, the axial force (fastening force) and the nut loosened state can be known.
너트(120)는 스프링 와셔(110)가 끼워져 안착되는 안착홈(121)을 구비한다. 안착홈(121)의 측면(121a)은 스프링 와셔(110)의 외주면이 밀착하도록 원주방향을 따라 반경이 증가하게 되어 있다. 안착홈(121)의 바닥면(121b)은 원주방향을 따라 다단계로 깊어져, 스프링와셔의 단부가 걸리는 다수의 걸림턱(121c)이 형성된다. 걸림턱(121c)은 톱니형태로 형성하는 것이 더욱 바람직하다.The nut 120 has a seating groove 121 into which the spring washer 110 is fitted. The side (121a) of the seating groove 121 is to increase the radius along the circumferential direction so that the outer circumferential surface of the spring washer 110 is in close contact. The bottom surface 121b of the seating groove 121 is deepened in multiple stages along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of locking jaws 121c are formed at the ends of the spring washers. The catching jaw 121c is more preferably formed in a sawtooth shape.
한편, 도 9에 도시한 바와 같이 다른 실시예의 너트(220)는 안착홈(221)의 측면(221a)은 스프링 와셔의 외주면이 밀착하여 걸리도록 원주방향을 따라 반경이 증가하게 되어 있고, 안착홈(221)의 바닥면(221b)은 원주방향을 따라 깊어지는 경사면을 이루며, 바닥면(221b)의 단부에 하나의 걸림턱(221c)이 형성되는 구성으로 되어 있다.Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 9, the nut 220 of the other embodiment has a side surface 221a of the seating groove 221 in which a radius increases along the circumferential direction so that the outer circumferential surface of the spring washer comes into close contact with the seating groove. The bottom surface 221b of 221 forms an inclined surface that deepens along the circumferential direction, and has a configuration in which one locking jaw 221c is formed at an end of the bottom surface 221b.
안착홈(121, 221)의 측면(121a, 221a)은 스프링 와셔의 외주면이 밀착하여 걸리도록 원주방향을 따라 반경이 증가하게 되어 있으므로, 너트가 조여 질 때 스프링 와셔의 큰 반경 쪽이 점차 줄어지면서 너트가 바깥쪽 힘을 받게 된다. 따라서, 비대칭 마찰력이 늘어나면서 죄임이 커져 로킹능력이 더욱 커지게 된다.The side surfaces 121a and 221a of the seating grooves 121 and 221 increase in radius along the circumferential direction so that the outer circumferential surface of the spring washer closes and hangs, so that the large radius side of the spring washer gradually decreases when the nut is tightened. The nut is forced outward. Therefore, as the asymmetric friction increases, the tightening becomes greater, and the locking ability becomes larger.
그리고, 안착홈(121, 221)의 걸림턱(121c, 221c)는 셀프 로킹(self locking)의 기능을 높인다. 즉, 너트가 풀리면 스프링 와셔의 탄성력에 의해 늘어나면서 걸림턱(121c, 221c)에 걸리므로 더 이상 풀리지 않게 된다.In addition, the locking projections 121c and 221c of the seating grooves 121 and 221 increase the function of self locking. That is, when the nut is loosened, the nut is stretched by the elastic force of the spring washer and is caught by the locking jaws 121c and 221c, so that the nut is no longer loosened.
도 10에 도시한 바와 같이 또 다른 실시예에 의한 너트(320)는 안착홈(321)의 측면(321a)은 스프링 와셔의 외주면이 밀착하여 걸리도록 원주방향을 따라 반경이 증가하게 되어 있고, 안착홈(321)의 바닥면(321b)은 원주방향을 따라 전체적으로 깊어지는 다수의 경사면을 이루면서 스프링 와셔의 단부가 걸리는 다수의 걸림턱(321c)이 형성되는 구성으로 되어 있다. 도 11은 도 10의 안착홈(321)에서 원주방향을 따라 일부를 단면으로 나타낸 도면이다. As shown in FIG. 10, the nut 320 according to another embodiment has a radius 321a increasing in the circumferential direction so that the outer circumferential surface of the spring washer closes to the seating groove 321. The bottom surface 321b of the groove 321 has a configuration in which a plurality of locking jaws 321c are formed at the end portions of the spring washers while forming a plurality of inclined surfaces that deepen along the circumferential direction. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the seating groove 321 of FIG. 10 along the circumferential direction.
저항 측정기(130)는 스프링 와셔(110)의 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)를 전극으로 하여 전선으로 연결하여 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)의 접촉 및 분리에 따른 저항을 측정한다. 저항 측정기(130)는 스프링 와셔(110)의 변형에 따라 측정된 저항을 축력(또는 체결력)으로 환산하는 연산부(131)와, 측정된 저항 또는 환산된 축력을 표시하는 표시부(132)와, 저항 측정기(130)를 조작하는 스위치 등의 조작부(133)를 포함한다.The resistance meter 130 connects the wires with one end 112 and the other end 113 of the spring washer 110 as an electrode to provide resistance due to contact and separation between the one end 112 and the other end 113. Measure The resistance meter 130 may include a calculator 131 for converting the measured resistance according to the deformation of the spring washer 110 into axial force (or tightening force), a display unit 132 for displaying the measured resistance or the converted axial force, and a resistance. And an operation unit 133 such as a switch for operating the measuring device 130.
저항 측정기(130)는 컴퓨터 등에 유선 또는 무선으로 연결되어 사용될 수 있으며, 그 연산부(131)는 스프링 와셔(110)의 변형과 축력 및 저항과의 관계에 따른 프로그램에 따라 축력을 연산한다. 표시부(133)는 축력의 변화에 따른 조임과 풀림을 알리는 경보장치를 포함할 수도 있다. The resistance measurer 130 may be connected to a computer by wire or wirelessly, and the calculator 131 may calculate the axial force according to a program according to the relationship between the deformation of the spring washer 110 and the axial force and resistance. The display unit 133 may include an alarm device for notifying tightening and loosening according to the change in the axial force.
위와 같이 구성된 본 발명의 제1실시예에 의한 체결장치(100)는 도 12의 (a)에 도시한 바와 같이 피체결물(A, B)에 관통하는 볼트(T)의 나사산부에 스프링 와셔(110)을 끼우는 한편 너트(120)를 끼워, 스프링 와셔(110)가 너트(120)의 안착홈(121)에 안착되게 하고 조임에 따라 스프링 와셔(110)의 타단부(113) 쪽의 반경이 줄어들어 스프링 와셔(110)의 내면이 볼트(T)에 접근하는 한편 일단부(112)와 타단부(113)의 높이 차가 줄어들어, 도 12의 (b)에 도시한 바와 같이 피체결물(A, B)의 체결이 완료된다.The fastening device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above has a spring washer at the threaded portion of the bolt T passing through the object A and B as shown in FIG. While inserting the (110) while inserting the nut 120, the spring washer 110 is seated in the seating groove 121 of the nut 120 and the radius of the other end 113 side of the spring washer 110 as tightened As a result, the inner surface of the spring washer 110 approaches the bolt T, while the height difference between the one end 112 and the other end 113 is reduced, as shown in FIG. , B) is completed.
이때, 너트(120)의 조임과 풀림에 따른 축력의 변화는 조작부(133)의 조작에 따라 저항 측정기(130)에서 측정되는 저항의 변환에 따라 연산부(131)에서 연산되어, 표시부(132)에 표시된다. 이러한 체결장치에 의해 스프링 와셔의 변형에 따라 변하는 전기 저항으로 축력 측정이 가능하게 함으로써 체결력의 조절과 감시가 가능하다.At this time, the change in the axial force due to tightening and loosening of the nut 120 is calculated by the calculation unit 131 according to the conversion of the resistance measured by the resistance meter 130 according to the operation of the operation unit 133, the display unit 132 Is displayed. The fastening device enables the adjustment and monitoring of the fastening force by enabling the axial force measurement with the electric resistance which changes according to the deformation of the spring washer.
도 13는 본 발명의 제2실시예에 의한 체결장치를 나타내는 구성 사시도이고, 도 14는 도 13의 스프링 와셔의 일부를 나타낸 입면도이며, 도 15의 (a) 내지 (c)는 도 13의 스프링 와셔가 너트에 의해 조여짐에 따라 변형되어 전극이 접하는 상태를 나타내는 설명도이다. 도시한 바와 같이 본 발명의 제2실시예에 의한 체결장치(500)는 스프링 와셔(510)와, 너트(520)와, 저항 측정기(530)를 포함하며, 스프링 와셔(510)의 일단부와 타단부에 다수의 전극 단자(512)(513)가 구비된 구성이다.13 is a perspective view showing a fastening device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 14 is an elevation view showing a part of the spring washer of FIG. 13, and FIGS. 15A to 15C show the spring of FIG. 13. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which an electrode contacts with a deformation | transformation as a washer is tightened by a nut. As shown, the fastening device 500 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a spring washer 510, a nut 520, and a resistance meter 530, and one end of the spring washer 510. A plurality of electrode terminals 512 and 513 are provided at the other end.
스프링 와셔(510)는 볼트(도 16에 도시)의 나사산부에 끼워져 피체결물(도 16에 도시)에 밀착하며 와셔 몸체(511)가 일단부와 타단부로 분리되며, 비전도성의 재질로 이루어질 수 있다. 스프링 와셔(510)의 일단부에는 일측의 전극 단자(512)가 형성되고, 스프링 와셔(510)의 타단부에는 스프링 와셔(510)의 변형에 따라 일측의 전극 단자(512)에 접촉하는 타측의 전극 단자(513)가 돌출하여 형성된다.The spring washer 510 is fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt (shown in FIG. 16) to be in close contact with the object to be fastened (shown in FIG. 16), and the washer body 511 is separated into one end and the other end, and is made of a non-conductive material. Can be done. One end of the spring washer 510 is formed with an electrode terminal 512 on one side, and the other end of the spring washer 510 contacts the electrode terminal 512 on one side according to the deformation of the spring washer 510. The electrode terminal 513 is formed to protrude.
스프링 와셔(510)의 일단부와 타단부는 서로 동일한 반경으로 되어 있으며, 일단부에서 타단부로 갈수록 높이(두께 방향)가 증가하여 서로 벌어지게 되어 있다. 전극 단자(512)(513)는 다수 줄로 형성되어 도 15의 (a) 내지 (c)에 도시한 바와 같이 너트의 조임에 따라 일단부와 타단부의 높이 차가 줄어들고, 접촉하는 전극 단자(512)(513)의 접촉 갯수가 많아져 전기 저항이 변하게 된다. 본 실시예에서는 설명을 위한 예시로 5개의 전극 단자만 표시되어 있다.One end and the other end of the spring washer 510 has the same radius as each other, and the height (thickness direction) increases from one end to the other end to be separated from each other. The electrode terminals 512 and 513 are formed of a plurality of strings, and as shown in FIGS. 15A to 15C, height differences of one end and the other end decrease as the nuts are tightened, and the electrode terminals 512 are in contact with each other. The number of contacts of 513 increases and the electrical resistance changes. In the present embodiment, only five electrode terminals are shown as an example for explanation.
너트(520)는 스프링 와셔(510)가 끼워져 안착되는 안착홈(521)을 구비한다. 안착홈(121)의 깊이는 동일하게 되어 있다.The nut 520 has a seating groove 521 to which the spring washer 510 is fitted. The depth of the mounting groove 121 is the same.
저항 측정기(530)는 스프링 와셔(510)에 구비된 전극 단자(512)(513)를 서로 전선으로 연결하여 전극(512)(513)의 접촉 및 분리에 따른 저항을 측정한다. 저항 측정기(530)는 스프링 와셔(510)의 변형에 따라 측정된 저항을 축력(또는 체결력)으로 환산하는 연산부(531)와, 측정된 저항 또는 환산된 축력을 표시하는 표시부(532)와, 저항 측정기(530)를 조작하는 스위치 등의 조작부(533)를 포함한다.The resistance meter 530 measures the resistance according to contact and separation of the electrodes 512 and 513 by connecting the electrode terminals 512 and 513 of the spring washer 510 with wires. The resistance measuring unit 530 may include an operation unit 531 for converting the resistance measured according to the deformation of the spring washer 510 into axial force (or tightening force), a display unit 532 for displaying the measured resistance or converted axial force, and a resistance. And an operation unit 533 such as a switch for operating the measuring instrument 530.
위와 같이 구성된 본 발명의 제2실시예에 의한 체결장치(500)는 도 16의 (a)에 도시한 바와 같이 피체결물(A, B)에 관통하는 볼트(T)의 나사산부에 스프링 와셔(510)을 끼우는 한편 너트(520)를 끼워, 스프링 와셔(510)가 너트(520)의 안착홈(521)에 안착되게 하고 조임에 따라 스프링 와셔(510)의 타단부와 일단부 사이의 높이 차가 줄어들고 접촉하는 전극 단자의 수가 많아져 전기 저항이 변하게 되면서, 도16의 (b)에 도시한 바와 같이 피체결물(A, B)의 체결이 완료된다.The fastening device 500 according to the second embodiment of the present invention configured as described above has a spring washer at the threaded portion of the bolt T passing through the object A and B as shown in FIG. 510 is fitted while the nut 520 is inserted so that the spring washer 510 is seated in the seating groove 521 of the nut 520 and, as tightened, the height between the other end and one end of the spring washer 510. As the difference decreases and the number of contacting electrode terminals increases so that the electrical resistance changes, the fastening of the objects A and B is completed as shown in Fig. 16B.
이때, 너트(520)의 조임과 풀림에 따른 축력의 변화는 조작부(533)의 조작에 따라 저항 측정기(530)에서 측정되는 저항의 변환에 따라 연산부(531)에서 연산되어, 표시부(532)에 표시된다.At this time, the change in the axial force due to tightening and loosening of the nut 520 is calculated by the calculation unit 531 in accordance with the conversion of the resistance measured by the resistance meter 530 in accordance with the operation of the operation unit 533, the display unit 532 Is displayed.
본 발명의 제2실시예의 체결장치의 전체적 구성 및 작용은 제1실시예와 유사하므로 자세한 설명은 생략한다.Since the overall configuration and operation of the fastening device of the second embodiment of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
한편, 본 명세서와 도면에 개시된 본 발명의 실시예들은 본 발명의 기술 내용을 쉽게 설명하고 본 발명의 이해를 돕기 위해 특정 예를 제시한 것일 뿐이며, 본 발명의 범위를 한정하고자 하는 것은 아니다. 여기에 개시된 실시예들 이외에도 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 바탕을 둔 다른 변형예들이 실시 가능하다는 것은 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 자명한 것이다.On the other hand, the embodiments of the present invention disclosed in the specification and drawings are merely presented specific examples to easily explain the technical contents of the present invention and help the understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention can be carried out in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.
본 발명의 체결장치와 체결장치의 스프링 와셔는 스프링 와셔의 변형에 따라 변하는 전기 저항으로 축력(체결력) 측정이 가능하게 함으로써 체결력의 조절과 감시가 가능하며 너트의 풀림 방지 기능과 로킹 기능을 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 매우 유용한 발명이다.The spring washer of the fastening device and the fastening device of the present invention enables the adjustment and monitoring of the fastening force by enabling the axial force (fastening force) to be measured by the electric resistance that changes according to the deformation of the spring washer, and effectively performs the anti-loosening function and the locking function of the nut. It is a very useful invention.

Claims (14)

  1. 볼트의 나사산부에 끼워져 피체결물에 밀착하며 일단부와 타단부로 분리되고, 상기 일단부와 상기 타단부가 전극으로 접촉 가능한 스프링 와셔와;A spring washer fitted to the threaded portion of the bolt to be in close contact with the object to be joined and separated into one end portion and the other end portion, wherein the one end portion and the other end portion are in contact with an electrode;
    상기 스프링 와셔가 끼워져 안착되는 안착홈을 구비하는 너트와;A nut having a seating groove into which the spring washer is fitted;
    상기 전극을 연결하여 상기 일단부와 상기 타단부의 접촉 및 분리에 따른 저항을 측정하는 저항 측정기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치. And a resistance meter for connecting the electrodes to measure resistance due to contact and separation of the one end and the other end.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 스프링 와셔는 상기 일단부과 상기 타단부의 측면이 전극으로 접촉 가능하여, 상기 일단부와 상기 타단부의 측면이 접촉 및 분리되는 면적에 따라 전기 저항이 변하게 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치.The spring washer is fastening device, characterized in that the side of the one end and the other end is in contact with the electrode, the electrical resistance is changed according to the area in which the one end and the side of the other end is in contact with and separated.
  3. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 스프링 와셔의 일단부와 타단부에는 다수의 전극 단자가 구비되고, 상기 다수의 전극 단자의 접촉 및 분리에 따라 전기 저항이 변하게 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치.One end and the other end of the spring washer is provided with a plurality of electrode terminals, the fastening device characterized in that the electrical resistance is changed in accordance with the contact and separation of the plurality of electrode terminals.
  4. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 스프링 와셔에는 길이방향을 따라 스트레인 게이지가 설치되는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치.The spring washer is a fastening device, characterized in that the strain gauge is installed along the longitudinal direction.
  5. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 안착홈의 바닥면에는 원주방향을 따라 상기 스프링와셔의 단부가 걸리는 다수의 걸림턱이 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치.Fastening device, characterized in that the bottom surface of the seating groove is formed with a plurality of engaging jaw to the end of the spring washer along the circumferential direction.
  6. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 안착홈의 바닥면은 원주방향을 따라 깊어지는 다수의 경사면을 이루면서 다수의 걸림턱이 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치.The bottom surface of the seating groove is a fastening device, characterized in that a plurality of engaging jaw is formed while forming a plurality of inclined surface deep in the circumferential direction.
  7. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 안착홈의 바닥면은 원주방향을 따라 깊어지게 되어 있는 것을 특징으로하는 체결장치.Fastening device, characterized in that the bottom surface of the seating groove is deepened along the circumferential direction.
  8. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 안착홈의 바닥면은 원주방향을 따라 다단계로 깊어지게 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치.Fastening device, characterized in that the bottom surface of the seating groove is deepened in multiple stages along the circumferential direction.
  9. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 저항 측정기는 측정된 저항을 축력으로 환산하는 연산부를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치.The resistance measuring device is a fastening device, characterized in that provided with a calculation unit for converting the measured resistance into axial force.
  10. 청구항 1에 있어서,The method according to claim 1,
    상기 저항 측정기는 측정된 저항 또는 환산된 축력을 표시하는 표시부를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치.The resistance measuring device is a fastening device, characterized in that provided with a display unit for displaying the measured resistance or converted axial force.
  11. 스프링 와셔의 변형에 따라 변하는 전기 저항으로 축력(체결력)을 측정하는 체결장치의 스프링 와셔에 있어서, In the spring washer of the fastening device for measuring the axial force (fastening force) by the electrical resistance that changes according to the deformation of the spring washer,
    상기 스프링 와셔는 일단부와 타단부로 분리되어 서로 전극으로 접촉 가능하고, The spring washer is separated into one end and the other end is possible to contact with each other,
    상기 일단부에서 상기 타단부로 갈수록 반경이 증가하여 서로 벌어지며, As the radius increases from one end to the other end, they are separated from each other,
    상기 일단부에서 상기 타단부로 갈수록 높이가 증가하여 서로 벌어지게 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치의 스프링 와셔.The spring washer of the fastening device, characterized in that the height increases from the one end to the other end to increase apart.
  12. 청구항 11에 있어서,The method according to claim 11,
    너트의 조임에 따라 상기 일단부와 상기 타단부가 접촉하는 접촉면을 제외한 외면에는 절연층이 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치의 스프링 와셔.Spring washer of the fastening device, characterized in that the insulating layer is formed on the outer surface except the contact surface in contact with the one end and the other end according to the tightening of the nut.
  13. 청구항 12에 있어서,The method according to claim 12,
    상기 접촉면은 상기 일단부와 상기 타단부의 측면인 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치의 스프링 와셔.The contact surface is a spring washer of the fastening device, characterized in that the side of the one end and the other end.
  14. 청구항 13에 있어서,The method according to claim 13,
    상기 측면은 경사면으로 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 체결장치의 스프링 와셔.The side of the spring washer of the fastening device, characterized in that formed in the inclined surface.
PCT/KR2015/003966 2014-05-07 2015-04-21 Fastening device and spring washer of fastening device WO2015170842A1 (en)

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KR1020140053904A KR101532622B1 (en) 2014-05-07 2014-05-07 Fastening apparatus and spring washer thereof

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WO2018024449A1 (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-08 Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Fastener and method for determining a relocation of a fastener
CN111043142A (en) * 2018-10-11 2020-04-21 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Fastening assembly
CN113311026A (en) * 2021-05-27 2021-08-27 宁夏海豚智能科技有限公司 Bolt looseness detection system and method
WO2022082269A1 (en) * 2020-10-21 2022-04-28 Nord-Lock Switzerland Gmbh A device and method for determining amount of force application in fastening components

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WO2019045156A1 (en) * 2017-08-31 2019-03-07 주식회사 코어볼트 Double nut including loosening prevention member
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CN114526855A (en) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-24 安徽农业大学 But mechanics measurement testboard that portable was adjusted

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KR101381869B1 (en) * 2013-02-28 2014-04-07 한국철도기술연구원 Release detection apparatus for bolt and nut using washer

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WO2018024449A1 (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-02-08 Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Fastener and method for determining a relocation of a fastener
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