WO2015169576A1 - Dispositif refroidisseur comportant au moins deux composants à refroidir, véhicule ferroviaire et procédé de refroidissement - Google Patents

Dispositif refroidisseur comportant au moins deux composants à refroidir, véhicule ferroviaire et procédé de refroidissement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015169576A1
WO2015169576A1 PCT/EP2015/058512 EP2015058512W WO2015169576A1 WO 2015169576 A1 WO2015169576 A1 WO 2015169576A1 EP 2015058512 W EP2015058512 W EP 2015058512W WO 2015169576 A1 WO2015169576 A1 WO 2015169576A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
cooled
components
superconducting
cooling medium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/058512
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tabea Arndt
Jörn GRUNDMANN
Anne KUHNERT
Peter Kummeth
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2015169576A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015169576A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection

Definitions

  • Cooling device for at least two components to be cooled, rail vehicle and method of cooling
  • the invention relates to a cooling device for at least two components to be cooled, at least one of which comprises a superconductor.
  • the invention comprises a rail vehicle and a method for cooling.
  • Components of devices comprising a superconductor are often referred to as superconducting components.
  • a superconducting machine is used when superconductors are used inside the stator or, more commonly, the rotor.
  • High-temperature superconductors now allow the use of superconducting technology due to the smaller installation space required in mobile units, such as vehicles, as well as wherever there is less space available due to the design.
  • HTS transformers high-temperature superconducting machines
  • HTS motors high-temperature superconducting machines
  • All superconducting components must be cooled to temperatures below their critical temperature for operation so that a cooling system is required for each superconducting component.
  • Other applications that have already demonstrated the benefits of HTS engines are 4MW marine propulsion engines.
  • Superconducting components are realized in a rail vehicle, in addition to the superconducting machine often a transformer is needed, which is then advantageously realized superconducting.
  • a plurality of compressors with cold heads and a plurality of lines necessary to cool components to the required operating temperature can.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, on the other hand, improved and in particular space-saving options for cooling components, in particular superconducting components in rail vehicles specify.
  • a cooling device of the type mentioned that all components are cooled sequentially by the same in a closed cooling circuit guided cooling medium. It is therefore proposed a combined cooling system, which allows a cascaded cooling of several components by the same cooling medium.
  • cooling medium initially cools at least one first, in particular superconducting, component , In the already slightly heated state, to be used for cooling other, in particular also superconducting components.
  • the cooling medium is evaporated by the cooling of at least one component, whereupon at least one further component with the cold, gaseous Cooling medium is also cooled in this closed cooling circuit.
  • gaseous cooling medium exits from the last component to be cooled or one of the last component to be cooled heat exchanger exits, it is fed to a cooled by at least one cold head condenser (or more condensers) to cooled again, in particular liquefied to become available again for cooling the components to be cooled.
  • the components to be cooled are a superconducting machine, in particular a HTS drive machine, and a superconducting transformer, in particular a HTS transformer, for rail vehicles which are accommodated, for example, in the power train of a train or in a locomotive.
  • Components which in particular comprise all superconductors, preferably high-temperature superconductors, are significantly lower, since only one cooling device is required.
  • the required cooling medium cools several components, for example the superconducting prime mover in liquid form and a superconducting transformer and / or a further component as a cold gas, so that substantially less volume of liquid cooling medium, for example expensive neon, is needed to supply the components of the Cool overall system.
  • two storage tanks are not necessary as a buffer volume for gaseous cooling medium, for example neon or nitrogen.
  • the space required for cooling the components to be cooled is significantly lower. Also by saving at least one other cooling device space and weight is additionally saved.
  • the cooling medium used is therefore used much more efficiently.
  • One and the same cooling medium cools all components one after the other in a closed cooling circuit.
  • the operating parameters of the cooling device can be adapted accordingly in order to match the operation of the cooling device to the operating temperatures of the components to be cooled. For example, an adjustment of the operating pressure (vapor pressure of the gaseous cooling medium) can be made according to the required application.
  • the present invention makes use of the fact that different operating temperature requirements are frequently imposed by different components to be cooled, for example, different critical temperatures or operating temperatures can be present for superconducting components to be cooled, so that heat loss to one component can result in the use of the cooling medium does not necessarily exclude another component.
  • the superconducting machine usually has a rather high magnetic field, which can lower the design operating temperature, so that cooling to a low temperature is necessary here , Consequently, the superconducting machine can first be cooled by liquid cooling medium, in particular with its evaporation, but the gaseous cooling medium can then be used without problems in order to cool the superconducting transformer arranged in a significantly lower magnetic field, the operating temperature of which may be correspondingly higher.
  • At least one component having no superconductor is present, it can be provided that it is cooled by the component having at least one superconductor component of the cooling medium.
  • Components that are not superconducting are usually operated at a higher operating temperature, so that they are secondarily protected by the already at least one superconducting component heated cooling medium can be cooled.
  • a cold head used is operated in this way and its operating temperature, for example by means of a controlled, in particular electrical heater on the condenser, controlled so that the cooling medium, for example neon or nitrogen at an absolute pressure below atmospheric pressure, that is less than about 1 bar , is present in the cooling circuit, so advantageously the available lower cooling temperature can be used to better exploit the superconducting components used, that is to operate in particular with a higher operating current (due to the higher critical current).
  • the absolute operating pressure vapor pressure
  • the cooling device according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously if the components comprise at least one superconductive component of a superconducting machine, in particular a rotor and / or a stator, and / or a superconducting transformer.
  • the superconductors are preferably high-temperature superconductors.
  • the cooling circuit comprises a supply pipe for liquid cooling medium to a component to be cooled, in particular a rotor and / or stator of a superconducting machine, and an exhaust pipe for gaseous cooling medium on a particular first to be cooled component ,
  • a supply pipe for liquid cooling medium to a component to be cooled in particular a rotor and / or stator of a superconducting machine
  • an exhaust pipe for gaseous cooling medium on a particular first to be cooled component Such Embodiment is particularly useful when at least partially the Thermosi- phon effect is used to transport the cooling medium, as then by the aforementioned embodiment, a so-called two-tube thermosiphon is realized Siert. Cooling devices, which after the thermosyphon
  • the component to be cooled is a rotor of a superconducting machine
  • the evaporated cooling medium is correspondingly discharged again in the direction of the condenser, in this case via the exhaust pipe.
  • the two tubes can be suitably carried out concentrically.
  • a gas-tight rotary feedthrough for example a ferrofluid seal, can be used to allow the tubes to protrude into the interior of the rotor.
  • co-rotating feed tubes are used for cooling medium.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention is present when in a mobile unit, in particular a rail vehicle, as Components of a superconducting machine and a superconducting transformer are cooled by a single cooling device, wherein a two-tube thermosyphon is used in which the liquid cooling medium in the corresponding portion of the superconducting machine is coolingly evaporated, after which the cold gaseous cooling medium supplied to the superconducting transformer is further heated there by its cooling effect and then returned to the condenser, where it is re-liquefied and fed to the superconducting machine.
  • a vapor pressure regulating device in particular comprising a heating device, in particular in the region of the condenser or the condensers.
  • control options are already known in principle in the prior art and usually include the choice of a suitable operating temperature at the condenser, which can be adjusted by means of a particular electric heater on the condenser so that the vapor pressure remains in a certain desired pressure range.
  • the invention also relates to a rail vehicle, in particular a locomotive or a power train of a train, comprising a superconducting machine and a superconducting transformer as components to be cooled and a cooling device of the type according to the invention.
  • a rail vehicle in particular a locomotive or a power train of a train
  • the present invention is particularly useful use such mobile units, in which a space and weight savings is particularly advantageous and profitable. All statements regarding the cooling device according to the invention can be analogously transferred to the rail vehicle according to the invention, so that the advantages mentioned are obtained with this.
  • the invention also relates to a method for cooling at least two components to be cooled, at least one of which comprises a superconductor, which is characterized in that a circulating in a closed cooling circuit cooling medium after heating by cooling a component for cooling the at least one another component is used.
  • a circulating in a closed cooling circuit cooling medium after heating by cooling a component for cooling the at least one another component is used.
  • the cooling sequence is particularly advantageous if, in the case of at least two components to be cooled, with a superconductor, the cooling sequence
  • the vapor pressure of the cooling medium is selected as a function of a critical temperature or operating temperature which is possible due to the magnetic field in the region of the superconductor and / or the current through the superconductors. It is of course expedient to cool components to be cooled with a lower critical temperature or operating temperature before components with a higher critical temperature or operating temperature. Another set screw for optimizing tion of the overall cooling process represents the vapor pressure after it has been shown to have opposite effects on liquid cooled and gas cooled components. At operating pressures ⁇ 1 bar, the temperature of the liquid cooling medium is lower, which is liquid-cooled
  • At least one component is cooled by vaporized on another liquid-cooled component gaseous cooling medium.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a cooling device according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rail vehicle according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a cooling device according to the invention, as it can be used in a rail vehicle, such as a locomotive, the HTS a prime mover, so a superconducting machine, with a rotor 1 with superconducting windings and a superconducting transformer 2, whose windings also consist of a high-temperature superconducting material.
  • the cooling device according to the invention is used, in which a cooling medium, for example neon or nitrogen, is used.
  • the cooling medium circulates in a cooling system formed from tubes. circuit 3 and is transported by the thermosiphon effect.
  • the cold head 4 and the condenser 5 to convert gaseous cooling medium by condensation back to liquid cooling medium, arranged higher than the evaporator, which is in the present case formed by an inner space 6 of the hollow rotor 1 of the superconducting machine.
  • more than one cold head 4 and / or more than one condenser 5 can be provided, as is basically known in the prior art.
  • the gaseous cooling medium After the gaseous cooling medium has been liquefied in the condenser 5, it is guided via a corresponding line 7 for liquid cooling medium to the rotor 1 as the component to be cooled first.
  • the line 7 terminates in a feed tube 8, around which concentrically extends a discharge pipe 9 for gaseous cooling medium.
  • the cold, gaseous cooling medium thus, for example
  • Neon gas or nitrogen gas leaves the rotor 1 via the discharge pipe 9 and is guided via a line 11 for gaseous cooling medium to the HTS transformer 2 as another component to be cooled.
  • the entire transformer 2 is arranged within a cryostat 12, that is to say that in the present exemplary embodiment the iron core 13 and the superconducting windings 14 are equally flowed around by the gaseous cooling medium.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a railway vehicle according to the invention 17. This has, as mentioned, the superconducting machine 18 with the rotor 1 and the superconducting transformer 2. Both components are cooled by the common cooling device 19 according to the invention, as was explained in FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Superconductive Dynamoelectric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif refroidisseur (19) comportant au moins deux composants à refroidir, dont au moins un comprend un supraconducteur, tous les composants étant refroidis de manière séquentielle par l'intermédiaire du même agent de refroidissement guidé dans un circuit fermé (3).
PCT/EP2015/058512 2014-05-06 2015-04-20 Dispositif refroidisseur comportant au moins deux composants à refroidir, véhicule ferroviaire et procédé de refroidissement WO2015169576A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014208437.7 2014-05-06
DE102014208437.7A DE102014208437A1 (de) 2014-05-06 2014-05-06 Kühleinrichtung für wenigstens zwei zu kühlende Komponenten, Schienenfahrzeug und Verfahren zur Kühlung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015169576A1 true WO2015169576A1 (fr) 2015-11-12

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PCT/EP2015/058512 WO2015169576A1 (fr) 2014-05-06 2015-04-20 Dispositif refroidisseur comportant au moins deux composants à refroidir, véhicule ferroviaire et procédé de refroidissement

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DE (1) DE102014208437A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015169576A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014224363A1 (de) 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung der Supraleitungstechnik mitSpuleneinrichtungen und Kühlvorrichtung sowie damitausgestattetes Fahrzeug
DE102016213993A1 (de) 2016-07-29 2018-02-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft System mit einer elektrischen Maschine mit kryogener Komponente und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Systems

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4816708A (en) * 1985-10-30 1989-03-28 Alsthom Synchronous machine having superconductive stator and rotor windings
EP0590546A1 (fr) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-06 ABBPATENT GmbH Engin de traction ferroviaire avec un transformateur supraconducteur
WO1998007166A1 (fr) * 1996-08-16 1998-02-19 American Superconductor Corporation Alimentation cryoelectronique de forte puissance a partir de sources c.a. et c.c.
EP2117111A1 (fr) * 2006-11-08 2009-11-11 National University Corporation Tokyo University of Marine Science And Technology Système et procédé de commande d'entraînement de machine électrique rotative supraconductrice
EP2258491A1 (fr) * 2009-06-04 2010-12-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Outil de rotation pour une chaîne de laminage et procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation composite de coulée-laminage
US20110092371A1 (en) * 2009-10-21 2011-04-21 Jung Hyun Lee Cooling fluid path structure for superconduction rotating machine
EP2320244A1 (fr) * 2009-11-03 2011-05-11 Bruker BioSpin AG Dispositif de refroidissement pour le refroidissement cryogène d'un système de détection RMN à l'aide d'un récipient rempli de fluide cryogène
DE102011105880A1 (de) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-20 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Elektrische Antriebsvorrrichtung für ein Luftfahrzeug
WO2013053548A2 (fr) * 2011-10-12 2013-04-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de refroidissement pour un supraconducteur d'une machine synchrone dynamoélectrique supraconductrice

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US5402648A (en) * 1993-07-01 1995-04-04 Apd Cryogenics Inc. Sealed dewar with separate circulation loop for external cooling at constant pressure
US7003977B2 (en) * 2003-07-18 2006-02-28 General Electric Company Cryogenic cooling system and method with cold storage device
DE102004053972B3 (de) * 2004-11-09 2006-07-20 Bruker Biospin Gmbh NMR-Spektrometer mit gemeinsamen Refrigerator zum Kühlen von NMR-Probenkopf und Kryostat
DE102007030474A1 (de) 2007-06-29 2009-01-02 Siemens Ag Elektrische Maschine mit supraleitender Rotorwicklung
JP5373759B2 (ja) * 2010-12-28 2013-12-18 トヨタ自動車株式会社 超電導モータ

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4816708A (en) * 1985-10-30 1989-03-28 Alsthom Synchronous machine having superconductive stator and rotor windings
EP0590546A1 (fr) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-06 ABBPATENT GmbH Engin de traction ferroviaire avec un transformateur supraconducteur
WO1998007166A1 (fr) * 1996-08-16 1998-02-19 American Superconductor Corporation Alimentation cryoelectronique de forte puissance a partir de sources c.a. et c.c.
EP2117111A1 (fr) * 2006-11-08 2009-11-11 National University Corporation Tokyo University of Marine Science And Technology Système et procédé de commande d'entraînement de machine électrique rotative supraconductrice
EP2258491A1 (fr) * 2009-06-04 2010-12-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Outil de rotation pour une chaîne de laminage et procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation composite de coulée-laminage
US20110092371A1 (en) * 2009-10-21 2011-04-21 Jung Hyun Lee Cooling fluid path structure for superconduction rotating machine
EP2320244A1 (fr) * 2009-11-03 2011-05-11 Bruker BioSpin AG Dispositif de refroidissement pour le refroidissement cryogène d'un système de détection RMN à l'aide d'un récipient rempli de fluide cryogène
DE102011105880A1 (de) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-20 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Elektrische Antriebsvorrrichtung für ein Luftfahrzeug
WO2013053548A2 (fr) * 2011-10-12 2013-04-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de refroidissement pour un supraconducteur d'une machine synchrone dynamoélectrique supraconductrice

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