WO2015169166A1 - 防车灯眩目的镜片、装置、眼镜和方法 - Google Patents

防车灯眩目的镜片、装置、眼镜和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015169166A1
WO2015169166A1 PCT/CN2015/077828 CN2015077828W WO2015169166A1 WO 2015169166 A1 WO2015169166 A1 WO 2015169166A1 CN 2015077828 W CN2015077828 W CN 2015077828W WO 2015169166 A1 WO2015169166 A1 WO 2015169166A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
area
low
illuminance
glare
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/077828
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈明彻
Original Assignee
丹阳博来腾光电科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410183711.7A external-priority patent/CN104407450B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410183710.2A external-priority patent/CN104407449B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410183763.4A external-priority patent/CN104407451B/zh
Application filed by 丹阳博来腾光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 丹阳博来腾光电科技有限公司
Publication of WO2015169166A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015169166A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a glare control technology for a vehicle lamp, and more particularly to an anti-glare lens and glasses and a method for preventing interference with a driver's vision when the vehicle is in use.
  • the research on various types of anti-glare glasses has gradually increased. More typical anti-glare glasses such as CN88220466.1
  • a part of the spectacle lens is used for the anti-glare colored lens, and the other part is a common lens.
  • the glasses can achieve anti-glare function to a certain extent, but its disadvantages are also obvious.
  • the lens has a low transmittance of colored lenses, and there is no vehicle or no headlights on the opposite side, one lens The difference in transmittance between the two areas is too large, and the driver’s visual feeling is very bad.
  • you want the driver to increase the comfort of the eyes without the headlights increase the transparency of the colored lenses. Rate, and if the transmittance of the colored lens is too high, it is difficult to prevent the glare.
  • Another anti-glare glasses such as CN201020655051.5 As described in the literature, it controls the position of the filter through a set of manual mechanical structures, and adjusts the position of the filter before each use. Although the position of the filter of the anti-glare glasses can be considered to be adjusted by the mechanical structure, it is still inconvenient to adjust during the driver's driving process. If the position of the filter is not adjusted, the first anti-glare glasses are present. The problem exists; if the adjustment is made, there is a great hidden danger to the driver's driving safety. Moreover, this adjustment sometimes needs to be very frequent and inconvenient.
  • the present invention provides an anti-lighting glare lens, wherein the anti-glare lens is provided with a high fluoroscopy area and a first low fluoroscopic area separated by a first dividing line, and the first dividing line includes a line segment of the driver's field of view central region, the line segment being a straight segment or a curved segment of an approximately straight segment, the segment being aligned with the lane middle line of the driving route in the driver's field of view; the first low perspective region is located The left side or the upper left side of the high perspective area enables the opposite vehicle light on the left side of the bicycle route to be weakened when passing through the first low perspective area; or the first low perspective area is located on the right side or upper right side of the high perspective area The light of the opposite vehicle light on the right side of the forward direction of the bicycle route is weakened when passing through the first low perspective area; wherein the first low perspective area of the anti-lighting glare lens is electrically variable transmittance
  • the material is made and equipped with electrode
  • the first dividing line is a diagonal line from the lower left to the upper right; or the first low perspective area is located on the right side of the high perspective area.
  • the first dividing line is a diagonal line from the lower right to the upper left, and the angle between the oblique line and the vertical line is Between 15 degrees and 65 degrees.
  • the anti-lighting glare lens further comprises a second low fluoroscopic area on an opposite side of the first low fluoroscopic area, the second low fluoroscopic area and the high fluoroscopic area being separated by a second dividing line, the second perspective The area is used to weaken the light intensity of the light reflected by the rear car light through the car mirror.
  • an anti-lighting glare device comprising a left eye zone and a right eye zone, the left eye zone and the right eye zone respectively having a glare-proof lens as described above a high perspective area and a first low perspective in the right eye area of each of the line segments of the high-perspective area of the left-eye region and the first dividing line of the first low-perspective area on the first dividing line of the driver's field of view
  • the distance from the same point on the line segment of the driver's field of view on the first dividing line of the zone L is the user's interpupillary distance.
  • the anti-lighting glare device further comprises: an illuminance sensor comprising at least one opposite vehicle light detector; the opposite vehicle light detector receiving illumination of the opposite vehicle illumination direction and outputting a voltage signal; the control circuit , including illuminance comparator and AC signal generator , The illuminance comparator receives the voltage signal and compares the voltage signal with a threshold voltage to generate a voltage control signal, the AC signal generator converts the voltage control signal output by the illuminance comparator into an AC voltage signal, and generates An alternating voltage signal is applied to the electrodes at both ends of the first low see-through region to adjust the transmittance of the first see-through region.
  • an illuminance sensor comprising at least one opposite vehicle light detector
  • the opposite vehicle light detector receiving illumination of the opposite vehicle illumination direction and outputting a voltage signal
  • the control circuit including illuminance comparator and AC signal generator ,
  • the illuminance comparator receives the voltage signal and compares the voltage signal with a threshold voltage to generate a voltage control signal
  • the illuminance sensor further comprises at least one background photodetector, the background photodetector receiving illuminance other than the direction of illumination of the opposite vehicle to generate a background reference voltage, and inputting the background reference voltage to another illuminance comparator The input serves as the threshold voltage.
  • the illuminance sensor further comprises a positive lens disposed in front of the background light detector (4) and the opposite vehicle light detector (5) ( 6), the positive lens (6) is one or two in front of the background light detector (4) and the opposite vehicle light detector (5).
  • the illuminance comparator includes an amplifier, an op amp comparator, and a MOSFET optical switch; a background photodetector (4) And the output voltage signal voltage VS and the reference voltage VD of the opposite vehicle light detector (5) are compared by the respective amplifiers into the op amp.
  • the illuminance comparator when the MOSFET is triggered, the circuit will output the voltage of the signal channel amplified by a predetermined ratio, where M is 3Lux to 30Lux.
  • the background light detector (4) when a positive lens (6) is used, the background light detector (4) ) and the opposite vehicle light detector are placed near the focal plane of the lens, the opposite vehicle light detector is placed in the opposite direction of the vehicle to converge, and the background light detector and the opposite vehicle light detector are placed symmetrically with respect to the focal point of the lens.
  • an anti-light glare comprising a frame (3), a left lens (1) and a right lens (2)
  • the left lens and the right lens are respectively the anti-light lens glare lenses;
  • the high perspective area of the left lens and the first dividing line of the first low fluoroscopic area are located in the central area of the driver's field of view a point distance between each position point of the line segment and the same position of the line segment of the driver's field of view center area on the first dividing line of the right lens in the high fluoroscopic area and the first low fluoroscopic area L is the user's interpupillary distance.
  • the anti-light glare glasses further comprise: an illuminance sensor comprising at least one opposite vehicle light detector; the opposite vehicle light detector receives the illuminance of the opposite vehicle illumination direction and outputs a voltage signal; a control circuit, Includes illuminance comparator and AC signal generator , The illuminance comparator receives the voltage signal and compares the voltage signal with a threshold voltage to generate a voltage control signal, the AC signal generator converts the voltage control signal output by the illuminance comparator into an AC voltage signal, and generates An alternating voltage signal is applied to the electrodes at both ends of the first low see-through region to adjust the transmittance of the first see-through region.
  • an illuminance sensor comprising at least one opposite vehicle light detector
  • the opposite vehicle light detector receives the illuminance of the opposite vehicle illumination direction and outputs a voltage signal
  • a control circuit Includes illuminance comparator and AC signal generator , The illuminance comparator receives the voltage signal and compares the voltage signal with a threshold voltage to generate
  • the illuminance sensor further comprises at least one background photodetector, the background photodetector receiving illuminance other than the direction of illumination of the opposite vehicle to generate a background reference voltage, and inputting the background reference voltage to another illuminance comparator The input serves as the threshold voltage.
  • the illuminance sensor further comprises a positive lens disposed in front of the background light detector (4) and the opposite vehicle light detector (5) ( 6), the positive lens (6) is one or two in front of the background light detector (4) and the opposite vehicle light detector (5).
  • the illuminance comparator includes two preamplifiers, one amplifier, an op amp comparator, and a MOSFET optical switch; a background photodetector ( 4)
  • the output voltage signal voltage VS and the reference voltage VD of the opposite vehicle light detector (5) are compared to the op amp through their respective preamplifiers.
  • the left lens and the right lens respectively further comprise: a second low-perspective zone on an opposite side of the first low-perspective zone, the second low-perspective zone and the high-perspective zone being separated by a second dividing line, the second see-through zone
  • the light intensity of the light for reflecting the rear vehicle light through the vehicle mirror is weakened; the distance between each of the position points of the second dividing line of the left lens and the point of the same position of the second dividing line in the right lens L is the user's interpupillary distance.
  • the illuminance sensor further comprises a rearview mirror car light detector for detecting rear light reflected by the rearview mirror;
  • the control circuit further comprises an additional illuminance comparator and an additional ac signal generator, rear view
  • the signal of the mirror light detector is input to one end of the additional illuminance comparator, and the other end of the additional illuminance comparator receives the signal of the background photodetector;
  • the output of the additional illuminance comparator is connected to an additional ac signal generator,
  • the output of the additional AC signal generator is coupled to the electrodes of the second low fluoroscopic region.
  • the anti-light glare glasses further comprise: a solar cell as an illuminance sensor during the day and as a power source for the anti-glare glasses, and connecting the output to the AC signal generator.
  • the MOSFET of the illuminance comparator is triggered, and the control circuit outputs the voltage of the signal channel amplified by a predetermined ratio; during the day, when the illuminance of the vehicle is higher than a predetermined value N, where N is 500 Lux to 10000 Lux
  • the AC signal generator of the control circuit receives the output signal of the illuminance sensor and outputs an AC voltage that is simultaneously applied to the electrodes of the high fluoroscopic region and the electrodes of the low fluoroscopic region.
  • the opposite vehicle light detector is placed in the opposite direction of the vehicle to converge the light, and the background light detector and the opposite vehicle light detector are opposite to the lens.
  • the focus is placed symmetrically.
  • a method for preventing glare of a vehicle lamp comprising: providing a first dividing line on the lens such that the lens is divided into a high fluoroscopic area and a first low fluoroscopic area; and detecting a forward direction of the bicycle route
  • the illuminance of the opposite car light on the left or right side, and based on the detected illuminance, the opposite car light on the left side of the direction of the bicycle route is weakened when passing through the first low fluoroscopic area, or the direction of the bicycle route is advanced.
  • the light on the right side of the opposite car is weakened as it passes through the first low perspective area;
  • the first low fluoroscopy area is made of an electrically variable transmittance material
  • the first dividing line comprises a line segment located in a central area of the driver's field of view, the line segment being a straight line segment or a curved segment of an approximately straight line segment, the line segment Aligned with the lane middle line of the driving route in the driver's field of view; the illuminance of the opposite side light on the left side of the detected driving route advancing direction corresponds to the first low fluoroscopic area located on the left side or the upper left side of the high fluoroscopic area, and the detected driving The illuminance of the opposite light to the right of the forward direction of the route corresponds to the first low perspective zone being located to the right or upper right side of the high perspective zone.
  • the lens of the anti-glare lens or the glasses of the present invention has at least two regions, that is, a high-perspective region and a low-perspective region, and the low-perspective region corresponds to the irradiation direction of the opposite headlight, by installing an illuminance sensor, Determine if there is a headlight. If there is no headlight illumination, the light transmittance of the high perspective area and the low perspective area is the same or close, so that the human eye does not feel too much difference, there is no uncomfortable feeling; if there is headlight illumination, only the glasses are on the lens.
  • the partial area that is, the low perspective area between the human eye and the opposite headlights, becomes dark and provides anti-glare function; while the transmittance of other areas on the spectacle lens does not change, especially in the human eye of the ophthalmic lens
  • the transmittance between the area of the road and the road ahead of the car that is, the high-perspective area, does not change at all, and thus does not affect the driver's observation of the road surface in front of his car. This achieves the effect of 'only covering the headlights without blocking the road'.
  • the anti-glare glasses of the invention effectively increase the driver's visual comfort, reduce fatigue and improve driving safety.
  • the invention makes good use of the characteristics of the electrically variable transmittance lens, especially the liquid crystal cell according to the voltage change and the control circuit such as the photosensitive element.
  • FIG. 1A, 1B and 1C are schematic structural views of a glare-proof lens for an anti-light of the present invention.
  • 2A is a schematic structural view of a light detecting sensor
  • 2B is a schematic structural view of the opposite vehicle light detector focusing the opposite vehicle light in the light detecting sensor
  • 2C is a schematic structural view of a background light detector focusing a background light in a light detecting sensor
  • Figure 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a glare-proof lens with a control function
  • Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the illumination comparator
  • 5A and 5B are schematic views showing the structure of the anti-lighting glare glasses of the present invention.
  • 1 left lens; 2: right lens; 3: frame; 4: background light detector; 5: opposite car light detector; : positive lens; 1a: first low perspective area; 1b: high perspective area; 1c: first dividing line.
  • an anti-lighting glare lens is shown.
  • the first dividing line is arranged on the anti-light glare lens 1c Isolated high perspective area 1b and first low perspective area 1a.
  • the first dividing line 1c It may be a line segment of any shape, but the first dividing line comprises a line segment located in the central area of the driver's field of view, the line segment being a straight line segment or an approximately straight curved segment, the line segment being in the driver's field of view and the lane of the driving route
  • the middle line is aligned.
  • the other part of 1c can be a line segment of any shape.
  • the first low perspective area 1a is located in the high perspective area 1b.
  • the opposite light on the left side of the forward direction of the bicycle route can be weakened when passing through the first low perspective area; or, for the country on the left side, the first low perspective area is located in the high perspective area right
  • the opposite side of the light in the forward direction of the bicycle route can be weakened as it passes through the first low perspective area.
  • the line segment is aligned with the lane boundary line in the field of view of the driver's glasses. Therefore, 'alignment' means that the straight line segment or the approximately straight curve segment coincides with the boundary line of the lane as much as possible in the field of view of the human eye, so that the images produced on the retina of the driver's eyes are identical.
  • the images in the brain are also consistent and do not cause discomfort such as visual fatigue or headache.
  • the anti-lighting glare lens may be entirely made of an electrically variable transmittance material such as a liquid crystal panel, or only the first low fluoroscopic region may be an electrically variable transmittance material such as a liquid crystal panel.
  • the high perspective area is other light transmissive materials.
  • the light transmittance can be automatically adjusted according to the distance or brightness of the opposite vehicle headlights. When the headlights of the opposite vehicle are relatively bright, the light transmittance of the low perspective area 1a is also reduced. At this point the driver can pass through the high perspective area 1b Viewing the front road surface condition; when the brightness of the opposite vehicle headlights is relatively small or the vehicle distance is relatively long, the light transmittance of the low perspective area 1a is reduced less or not at all, thereby reducing the high perspective area 1b and the low perspective area 1a. The difference in light transmission between the drivers improves the driver's eye comfort.
  • High perspective area 1b since no transmittance adjustment is possible It may be a non-liquid crystal region or a liquid crystal region.
  • an electrode may be provided for the high fluoroscopic area for receiving a voltage signal to change the light transmittance of the high fluoroscopic area.
  • the first dividing line 1c is a diagonal line from the lower left to the upper right, and the angle between the oblique line and the vertical line is 15 The degree is between 65 degrees, preferably 35 degrees.
  • the first low-perspective area 1a automatically adjusts the light transmittance according to the brightness of the opposite headlights by the following technical solution:
  • the first low perspective area 1a The liquid crystal lens adopts a liquid crystal which is a dye liquid crystal, and the dye liquid crystal is arranged in such a manner that the electrode is disposed only in the first low-perspective area 1a, and the first low-perspective area 1a is applied according to the liquid crystal material characteristics of the liquid crystal lens.
  • the light transmittance is lowered, and the light transmittance of the first low-perspective region 1a is maintained as it is when no voltage is applied.
  • the principle of the voltage control system of the first low perspective area 1a is shown in Figure 3. . It is also possible to use a combination of two liquid crystal sheets, one on the front and one on the back. For example, a PDLC liquid crystal film is used for the front sheet and a dye liquid crystal film is used for the back sheet. A yellow filter can be added in front of the PDLC liquid crystal.
  • the anti-light lens glare lens further comprises an illuminance sensor and a control circuit, as shown in FIG. Shown.
  • the control circuit includes an illuminance comparator and an ac signal generator.
  • the AC signal generator is a square wave generator.
  • FIG 2a shows the structure of the illuminance sensor.
  • the illuminance sensor consists of two photodetectors (PDs), respectively a background photodetector (4 ) and the opposite car light detector (5), as shown in Figure 2b and Figure 2c.
  • Background light detector (4) Point to the direction of your car, and avoid direct illumination of the opposite lights, used to detect the illuminance of the front of the vehicle (the direction of the headlights of the opposite car). The voltage output by this PD is used as the background reference voltage.
  • Opposite car light detector (5) It is used to detect the illuminance of the opposite headlights. This PD output is used as the signal voltage.
  • PD can be placed in a positive lens (6) Near the focus, you can also place one end of a thin tube and point the other end in the desired direction.
  • the optical axis of the positive lens (6) points straight ahead, and the background photodetector (4) ) placed on the left side of the optical axis on the focal plane of the lens, and the opposite vehicle light detector ( 5 ) placed on the positive lens ( 6 )
  • the right side of the optical axis on the focal plane that is, the position where the light is concentrated in the direction of the vehicle, in other words, the background light detector and the opposite vehicle light detector are placed symmetrically with respect to the focus of the lens.
  • PDs can be put Packaged in one, placed in the same position as the anti-light glare mirror; can also be packaged separately and placed in different positions of the anti-glare mirror.
  • the positive lens (6) can be two, placed in the background light detector (4) and the opposite vehicle light detector In front of (5).
  • the control circuit includes an illuminance comparator and an ac signal generator.
  • the illuminance comparator includes two preamplifiers, one amplifier, an op amp comparator, and MOSFET switch. As shown in Figure 4. Output voltage signal voltage VS and reference voltage VD of two PDs Enter the op amp for comparison by their respective preamplifiers.
  • the illumination of the opposite lamp is a certain multiple of the background light, such as between 1.5 and 5 times, or the difference between the two is higher than the preset value M, where M is the value 3Lux to 30Lux
  • the MOSFET of the illuminance comparator is triggered, and the circuit will output the Vs voltage amplified by a certain (predetermined) ratio.
  • the AC signal generator converts the DC voltage output from the illuminance comparator into an AC voltage and applies it to the electrodes of the first low fluoroscopic region.
  • the amplitude of the AC signal is the same as the voltage output by the illuminance comparator. Since the amplitude of the AC signal is the same as the voltage output by the comparator, and the blackness of the liquid crystal is related to the applied voltage, the blackness of the light-shielding portion of the liquid crystal lens is proportional to the brightness of the opposite lamp. The brighter the lamp, the lower the transmittance of the corresponding part of the lens. Therefore, it is possible to effectively block the opposite light without obstructing the driver's normal field of view.
  • the AC signal generator is a square wave generator, and the AC signal is a square wave signal.
  • AC signal generator which can be implemented by logic circuit devices or by a microprocessor MCU.
  • FIG. 1C there is shown FIG. 1A in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the left eye area and the right eye area of the anti-lighting glare device respectively have the structural features of the lens of Fig. 1A.
  • the structure of the left eye area and Figure 1A Exactly the same, the high fluoroscopy area and the low fluoroscopic area of the right eye area are arranged in exactly the same way as the left eye area, that is, the lens of Fig. 1A, so the reference numerals and descriptions are not repeated.
  • the first dividing line is 1c, the first dividing line 1c
  • the distance L from each point in the line segment of the driver's field of view to the point of the same position of the line segment of the first line of separation of the high and low perspective areas of the right eye area at the center of the driver's field of view The distance for the user.
  • the distance L falls within the range of plus or minus 2 mm of the user's interpupillary distance and is regarded as the distance L. The distance for the user.
  • the so-called 'identical position' is defined as follows: when the first dividing line of the left eye zone is placed in the line of sight of the driver's field of view and the first dividing line of the right eye zone is placed in parallel in the line segment of the driver's field of view
  • the horizontal direction of the two line segments is X axis
  • the height direction of the two segments is Y
  • two points with the same height on the two dividing lines are treated as the same position.
  • the line segment of the first dividing line of the left eye zone in the driver's field of view and the first dividing line of the right eye zone in the driver's field of view are each a diagonal line from the lower left to the upper right.
  • the angle between the diagonal line and the vertical line is Between 15 and 65 degrees, preferably at 35 degrees.
  • the first dividing line 1c may be a single oblique line from the lower left to the upper right, and the oblique line is at an angle of 15 to 65 from the vertical line. Between degrees, preferably at 35 Degree.
  • the first low fluoroscopic region of the left eye region and the right eye region are each provided with an electrode to receive a voltage signal.
  • the control of the first low-perspective area of the left-eye area and the right-eye area of the anti-lighting glare device is the same as that of the first embodiment, that is, controlled by the illuminance comparator and the control circuit.
  • the MOSFET of the illuminance comparator is triggered, and the control circuit will output the voltage of the signal channel amplified by a predetermined ratio.
  • the lens of FIG. 1A of the present invention preferably further includes a second low-perspective region 1d.
  • the second low fluoroscopic zone is disposed opposite the first low fluoroscopic zone, and the second low fluoroscopic zone 1d and the high fluoroscopic zone are separated by a second dividing line 1e.
  • Second dividing line 1e It may be of a plurality of line types as long as the separated second low-perspective area 1d can weaken the light intensity of the light from the lamp rear view mirror.
  • the anti-lighting glare lens comprises a second low-perspective area 1d
  • a rear view mirror car light detector (not shown) is also provided for detecting the light from the rear reflected by the rear view mirror.
  • the control circuit further includes an additional illuminance comparator and an additional ac signal generator (not shown), and the signal of the rearview mirror is input to one end of the additional illuminance comparator.
  • the other end of the additional illuminance comparator can receive the signal of the aforementioned background photodetector.
  • the structure of the additional illuminance comparator is the same as that of the illuminance comparator and works the same.
  • the additional AC signal generator is the same as the AC signal generator.
  • the backlight of the rear light is a certain multiple of the background light, such as 1.5
  • M is 3Lux to 30Lux
  • the MOSFET of the additional illuminance comparator is triggered, and the output of the circuit is fixed ( Scheduled) Proportional amplified Vs voltage.
  • the output of the additional illuminance comparator is connected to an additional ac signal generator.
  • the additional AC signal generator is a square wave generator.
  • the liquid crystal lens of the first and second low-perspective regions 1a of the anti-light lens glare lens is a TN-type liquid crystal, TN
  • the partial control of the liquid crystal cell can be applied to the polarizing plate in the first and second low-perspective regions 1a, and the high-perspective region 1b is not attached to the polarizing plate.
  • the lens is a dye liquid crystal film or a PDLC liquid crystal film or a SHTN type liquid crystal film or TN.
  • a liquid crystal panel a low-perspective region of the TN or SHTN-type liquid crystal cell is attached to the polarizing plate; a corresponding high-perspective region is not provided with a polarizing plate; and a low-transmission region of the lens using the dye liquid crystal or PDLC liquid crystal is provided with an electrode; TN The low-angle region of the liquid crystal cell is attached to the polarizing plate.
  • the high see-through region is provided with an electrode, but the electrode may not apply an electrical signal.
  • the liquid crystal lens may be a PDLC liquid crystal film or a SHTN type liquid crystal film.
  • the illuminance sensor includes two photodetectors (PD) ), respectively as the background light detector and the opposite car light detector.
  • the illuminance sensor can also include only one photodetector (PD) ), that is, the opposite car light detector. In this scenario, the background light detector is eliminated, and the output voltage of the opposite vehicle light detector can be compared to a fixed voltage value.
  • an anti-light glare is provided, as shown in Fig. 5A.
  • the anti-light glare glasses include a frame 3, left lens 1 and right lens 2 .
  • the left lens and the right lens are respectively the anti-lighting glare lenses of the first embodiment.
  • the first dividing line of the left lens is 1c, and the first dividing line 1c.
  • the first low fluoroscopic region of the left and right lenses are each provided with an electrode to receive a voltage signal.
  • the control of the first low-perspective area of the left and right lenses of the anti-light glare glasses is the same as that of the first embodiment, that is, controlled by the illuminance comparator and the control circuit. No longer.
  • the left lens and the right lens may further comprise a second low perspective area, respectively, as shown in FIG. 5B. Shown.
  • the distance L between the two points at the same position of the second dividing line of the left lens and the second dividing line of the right lens is the user's lay length.
  • the control of the second low perspective area is as described in the second embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the anti-lighting glare glasses may further comprise a solar cell (not shown).
  • the solar cell and a positive lens constitute an opposite vehicle light detector as a second illuminance sensor used during daytime to detect the illuminance of the opposite headlight illumination direction, and the output is used as a signal voltage Vs.
  • the detector can be placed near the focus of the positive lens, or at one end of a thin tube, with the other end pointing in the desired direction.
  • the solar cell When used in the day mode, the solar cell can also be used as a power source for the anti-light glare glasses and a second illuminance sensor.
  • the second illuminance sensor output signal is directly connected to an AC signal generator (preferably a square wave generator), and the output voltage of the AC signal generator (square wave generator) is simultaneously applied to the high fluoroscopic area of the lens. 1b and the low perspective area 1a on the electrode.
  • an AC signal generator preferably a square wave generator
  • N is from 500 Lux to 10000 Lux
  • the AC signal generator of the control circuit receives the output signal of the illuminance sensor and outputs an AC voltage that is simultaneously applied to the electrodes of the high fluoroscopic region and the electrodes of the low fluoroscopic region.
  • the blackness of the change of the entire liquid crystal lens is proportional to the intensity of the sunlight, and the stronger the sunlight, the transmittance of the lens. The lower it is. This can effectively block the influence of sunlight on the driver.
  • the anti-light glare glasses do not use solar cells, but are powered by the same set of button batteries in both day and night modes.
  • the day mode and the night mode each have their own dedicated photodiodes or photoresistors as their respective illuminance sensors and opposite car light detectors.
  • the diverter switches the power supply to a branch in day mode or night mode.
  • the entire lens is controlled by a photoresistor, a daytime illumination comparator, and a square wave generator;
  • the night mode the low perspective area of the lens is controlled by a photodiode, a night illumination comparator, and a square wave generator.
  • the principle of the lens structure and the specific control circuit are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
  • a method of glare prevention is provided.
  • a first dividing line is placed on the lens such that the lens is divided into a high perspective area and a first low perspective area.
  • detecting the illuminance of the opposite vehicle light to the left or right of the direction of the bicycle route and based on the detected illuminance, the opposite vehicle light on the left side of the bicycle route advancing direction is weakened when passing through the first low fluoroscopic area.
  • the opposite car light on the right side of the forward direction of the bicycle route is weakened when passing through the first low perspective area.
  • the first low fluoroscopic region is made of an electrically variable transmittance material, and the first dividing line comprises a straight line segment or a curved end portion of the straight line segment, the straight line segment or the curved segment in the driver's field of view and the driving route
  • the middle lane of the lane is aligned.
  • the illuminance of the opposite light on the left side of the detected driving route advancing direction corresponds to the first low fluoroscopic area being located on the left side or the upper left side of the high fluoroscopic area, and the illuminance of the opposite side of the right side of the detected driving route advancing direction corresponds to the first low fluoroscopic area. Located on the right or upper right side of the high perspective area.
  • the high-perspective area and the low-perspective area of the anti-glare lens of the above embodiment should be position-changed, and the principle is the same as that of the foregoing embodiment.
  • the area division is not limited to two areas, and may be more than two, such as having one high perspective area and two low perspective areas, and the like.
  • the anti-glare lens of the present invention is not limited to a lens of a general form, and should also include a lens of a special pattern such as a helmet mirror.

Abstract

公开了一种防车灯眩目的镜片，其包括高透视区（1b）和低透视区（1a），低透视区（1a）的两端设有电极；光照度传感器，包括至少一个对面车灯光探测器（5）；对面车灯光探测器（5）接收对面车灯光照射方向的光照度，其输出作为信号电压；控制电路，包括光照度比较器和交流信号发生器，交流信号发生器将光照度比较器输出的直流电压转换成交流电压；交流信号发生器的输出端连接低透视区（1a）两端的电极。还公开了一种防车灯眩目的装置、眼镜和方法。这种镜片，装置和眼镜不但可以防眩目，而且可以增加司机的视觉舒适度。

Description

防车灯眩目的镜片、装置、眼镜和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及车灯眩目控制技术，尤其涉及一种防止车辆会车时对司机视觉产生干扰的防眩目镜片与眼镜以及方法。
背景技术
开车的人都知道，夜间行车时，对面车道的车辆如果开了灯（特别是远光灯），对司机的视觉影响非常明显，甚至无法看清前方道路情况，存在很大的安全隐患。
为防止上述情况的发生，各类防眩目眼镜的研究也逐渐增多。比较典型的防眩目眼镜如 CN88220466.1 文献中所记载，其根据对面车辆在司机视线中的位置，将眼镜镜片的一部分区域使用防眩目的有色镜片，而另一部分采用普通镜片。该种眼镜可以在一定程度上实现防眩目功能，但是，它的缺点也很明显，首先，该镜片的有色镜片透过率较低，在对面没有车辆或者没有大灯的情况下，一个镜片的两个区域透过率差别过大，对司机的视觉感觉非常不好；其次，如果想使司机在对面无大灯的情况下眼睛的舒适度增加，那么就要增加该有色镜片的透过率，而如果有色镜片的透过率过高，则又难以起到防眩目的作用。
另一种防眩目眼镜如 CN201020655051.5 文献中所记载，其通过一套手动的机械结构来控制滤光片的位置，每次使用前先调整好滤光片的位置。该防眩目眼镜的滤光片的位置虽然可以认为通过机械结构调节，但是，在司机开车过程中仍然不方便调节，如果不调节滤光片的位置，则存在上述第一种防眩目眼镜存在的问题；如果进行调节，则对司机的行车安全存在很大隐患。而且，这种调节有时需要非常频繁，更是不便。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种防车灯眩目镜片，在所述防眩目镜片上设置有由第一分割线隔离开的高透视区和第一低透视区，第一分割线包括位于驾驶员的视场中心区域的一线段，所述线段为直线段或近似直线段的曲线段，该线段在驾驶员的视场中与行车路线的车道中间线对准；第一低透视区位于高透视区左侧或左上侧，能够使来自行车路线前进方向左侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱；或者，第一低透视区位于高透视区右侧或右上侧，能够使来自行车路线前进方向右侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱；其中，所述防车灯眩目镜片的第一低透视区由电致可变透光率材料制成并配置有电极。
较佳地，第一低透视区位于高透视区左侧或左上侧时，第一分割线为一条自左下方到右上方的一条斜线；或者，第一低透视区位于高透视区右侧或右上侧，第一分割线为一条自右下方到左上方的一条斜线，所述斜线与垂直线的夹角在 15 度到 65 度之间。
较佳地，所述防车灯眩目镜片还包括位于与第一低透视区相对侧的第二低透视区，第二低透视区和高透视区由第二分割线分割开，第二透视区用于使后面车灯光通过车反光镜反射的灯光的光强减弱。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种防车灯眩目装置，包括左眼区和右眼区，所述左眼区和右眼区分别具有如所述的防车灯眩目镜片的结构，所述左眼区的高透视区和第一低透视区的第一分割线上的位于驾驶员视场中心区域的线段的每一个位置点与右眼区中高透视区和第一低透视区的第一分割线上的位于驾驶员视场中心区域的线段上的位置相同点的距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。
较佳地，所述防车灯眩目装置进一步包括：光照度传感器，其包括至少一个对面车灯光探测器；所述对面车灯光探测器接收对面车灯光照射方向的光照度并输出电压信号；控制电路，包括光照度比较器和交流信号发生器 , 所述光照度比较器接收所述电压信号并将该电压信号与一个阈值电压比较来产生电压控制信号，所述交流信号发生器将光照度比较器输出的电压控制信号转换成交流电压信号，并将生成的交流电压信号施加到第一低透视区两端的电极以调节第一透视区的透光率。
其中，所述光照度传感器还包括至少一个背景光探测器，所述背景光探测器接收除对面车灯光照射方向外的光照度以生成背景参考电压，并将背景参考电压输入到光照度比较器的另一个输入端作为所述阈值电压。
其中，所述光照度传感器还包括设置于所述背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）前方的正透镜（ 6 ），所述正透镜（ 6 ）为一个或分别位于背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）前方的两个。
其中，光照度比较器包括放大器、运放比较器、和 MOSFET 光开关；背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）的输出电压信号电压 VS 和参考电压 VD 通过各自的放大器进入运放器作比较。
其中，当对面车灯光照度比背景光高 1.5 倍到５倍之间或者两者的差值高于预设值 M 时，光照度比较器的 MOSFET 管被触发，电路将输出按预定比例放大了的信号通道的电压，其中 M 取值为 3Lux 到 30Lux 。
其中，当采用一个正透镜（ 6 ）时，背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器都放在透镜焦平面附近，对面车灯光探测器放在对面车方向来光汇聚的位置，背景光探测器与对面车灯光探测器相对于透镜的焦点对称放置。
根据本发明的在一个方面，提供了一种防车灯眩目眼镜，包括镜架（ 3 ）、左镜片（ 1 ）和右镜片（ 2 ），所述左镜片和右镜片分别为所述的防车灯眩目镜片；所述左镜片的高透视区和第一低透视区的第一分割线上位于驾驶员的视场中心区域的线段的每一个位置点与右镜片中高透视区和第一低透视区的第一分割线上位于驾驶员视场中心区域的线段的相同位置的点距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。
其中，所述的防车灯眩目眼镜进一步包括：光照度传感器，其包括至少一个对面车灯光探测器；所述对面车灯光探测器接收对面车灯光照射方向的光照度并输出电压信号；控制电路，包括光照度比较器和交流信号发生器 , 所述光照度比较器接收所述电压信号并将该电压信号与一个阈值电压比较来产生电压控制信号，所述交流信号发生器将光照度比较器输出的电压控制信号转换成交流电压信号，并将生成的交流电压信号施加到第一低透视区两端的电极以调节第一透视区的透光率。
其中，所述光照度传感器还包括至少一个背景光探测器，所述背景光探测器接收除对面车灯光照射方向外的光照度以生成背景参考电压，并将背景参考电压输入到光照度比较器的另一个输入端作为所述阈值电压。
其中，所述光照度传感器还包括设置于所述背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）前方的正透镜（ 6 ），所述正透镜（ 6 ）为一个或分别位于背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）前方的两个。
其中，光照度比较器包括两路前置放大器，一路放大器、运放比较器、和 MOSFET 光开关；背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）的输出电压信号电压 VS 和参考电压 VD 通过各自的前置放大器进入运放器作比较。
较佳地，左镜片和右镜片分别进一步包括：位于与第一低透视区相对侧的第二低透视区，第二低透视区和高透视区由第二分割线隔离开，第二透视区用于使后面车灯光通过车反光镜反射的灯光的光强减弱；所述左镜片的第二分割线上的每一个位置点与右镜片中的第二分割线的相同位置的点的距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。
其中，所述光照度传感器还包括后视镜车光探测器，用于探测经后视镜反射的来自后面的车光；所述控制电路还包括附加光照度比较器和附加交流信号发生器，后视镜车光探测器的信号被输入到附加光照度比较器的一端，附加光照度比较器的另一端接收背景光探测器的信号；所述附加光照度比较器的输出连接到附加交流信号发生器，所述附加交流信号发生器的输出连接到第二低透视区的电极。
可选地，所述防车灯眩目眼镜进一步包括：太阳能电池，在日间作为光照度传感器并作为防眩目眼镜的电源，并将输出连接到所述交流信号发生器。
其中，在夜间，当对面车灯光照度高于一定值 M 时，其中 M 取值为 3Lux 到 30Lux ，光照度比较器的 MOSFET 管被触发，控制电路将输出按预定比例放大了的信号通道的电压；在日间，当车内光照度高于某一预定值 N 时，其中 N 取值为 500 Lux 到 10000 Lux ，控制电路的交流信号发生器接收光照度传感器的输出信号并输出交流电压，所述交流电压同时施加到高透视区的电极和低透视区的电极上。
其中，当采用一个正透镜（ 6 ）时，背景光探测器和对面车灯光探测器都放在透镜焦平面附近，对面车灯光探测器放在对面车方向来光汇聚的位置，背景光探测器与对面车灯光探测器相对于透镜的焦点对称放置。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种防车灯眩目的方法，包括：在镜片上设置第一分割线，使得所述镜片分成高透视区和第一低透视区；检测自行车路线前进方向左侧或右侧的对面车灯光的光照度，并基于检测的所述光照度使来自行车路线前进方向左侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱，或者使来自行车路线前进方向右侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱；
其中，第一低透视区由电致可变透光率材料制成，第一分割线包括位于驾驶员视场中心区域的一线段，该线段为直线段或近似直线段的曲线段，该线段在驾驶员的视场中与行车路线的车道中间线对准；检测的行车路线前进方向左侧的对面灯光的光照度对应于第一低透视区位于高透视区左侧或左上侧，检测的行车路线前进方向右侧的对面灯光的光照度对应于第一低透视区位于高透视区右侧或右上侧。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明的防眩目镜片或眼镜的镜片具有至少两个区域，即高透视区和低透视区，低透视区对应对面车大灯的照射方向，通过安装光照度传感器，判断是否有大灯照射。如果没有大灯照射时，高透视区与低透视区的光透过率一样或接近，使人眼感觉不到太大的差异，没有不舒适的感觉；如果有大灯照射，则只有眼镜片上的局部区域，也就是在人眼和对面车灯之间的低透视区变暗，起到防眩目的功能；而眼镜片上的其他区域的透过率并不变化，特别是眼镜片上在人眼和自己车行驶前方的路面之间的区域即高透视区的透过率始终不发生变化，因而并不影响司机对自己车前方路面情况的观察。这样实现了'只遮大灯不遮路'的效果。本发明所述的防眩目眼镜有效增加了司机的视觉舒适度，减少疲劳，提高驾驶安全性。
本发明很好利用了电致变透光率镜片尤其是液晶片根据电压变化的特性和光敏元件等控制电路的特性。
附图说明
图 1A 、 1B 和 1C 是本发明防车灯眩目镜片的结构示意图；
图 2A 是灯光探测传感器的结构示意图；
图 2B 是灯光探测传感器中对面车灯光探测器聚焦对面车灯光的结构示意图；
图 2C 是灯光探测传感器中背景光探测器聚焦背景光的结构示意图；
图 3 是带有控制功能的防车灯眩目镜片的电路原理图；
图 4 是光照比较器的电路图；
图 5A 和 5B 是本发明的防车灯眩目眼镜的结构示意图。
其中：
1 ：左镜片； 2 ：右镜片； 3 ：镜架； 4 ：背景光探测器； 5 ：对面车灯光探测器； 6 ：正透镜； 1a ：第一低透视区； 1b ：高透视区； 1c ：第一分割线。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下参照附图并举实施例，对本发明进一步详细说明。
根据本发明的第一实施例，如图 1A 所示，示出了一种防车灯眩目镜片。在防车灯眩目镜片上设置有由第一分割线 1c 隔离开的高透视区 1b 和第一低透视区 1a 。根据本发明，第一分割线 1c 可以是任何形状的线段，但是第一分割线包括位于驾驶员视场中心区域的一线段，该线段为直线段或近似直线的曲线段，该线段在驾驶员的视场中与行车路线的车道中间线对准。第一分割线 1c 的其它部分可以是任一形状的线段。如图 1a 所示，对于靠右侧通行的国家 比如中国、美国等 ， 第一低透视区 1a 位于高透视区 1b 左侧或左上侧，能够使来自行车路线前进方向左侧的对面灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱；或者，对于靠左侧通行的国家，第一低透视区位于高透视区右侧或右上侧，能够使来自行车路线前进方向右侧的对面灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱。
本发明中，所述线段在驾驶员眼镜的视场中对准往来车道分界线， 因此，'对准'意为在人眼的视场中所述直线段或近似直线的曲线段尽可能的与车道的分界线重合，从而使驾驶员两只眼睛视网膜上产生的图像是一致 的，进而在大脑中的图像也是一致的，不至于引起视觉疲劳或头痛等不适感觉。
根据本发明，防车灯眩目镜片可以是整体由电致可变透光率材料例如液晶片制成，也可以是只有第一低透视区为电致可变透光率材料例如液晶片，而高透视区为其他透光材料。
低透视区 1a 的光透过率可以根据对面车辆大灯的远近或者亮度自动进行调节，当对面车辆大灯亮度比较大时，低透视区 1a 的光透过率也降低较多。此时司机可以通过高透视区 1b 观看前面路面情况；当对面车辆大灯亮度比较小或者车辆距离比较远时，低透视区 1a 的光透过率降低较少或者根本不降低，从而减少了高透视区 1b 与低透视区 1a 之间的光透过率差值，提高司机的眼睛舒适度。
高透视区 1b 由于可以不进行透过率调节，所以高透视区 1b 可以为非液晶区域，也可以为液晶区域。在高透视区为液晶材料制成时，可以为高透视区设置电极，用于接收电压信号以改变该高透视区的透光率。
在图 1A 所示的示例中，第一分割线 1c 为一条自左下方到右上方的一条斜线，该斜线与垂直线的夹角在 15 度到 65 度之间，较佳地为 35 度。
优选地，第一低透视区 1a 随对面车大灯的亮度进行自动调节光透过率是通过如下技术方案实现的：
优选地，第一低透视区 1a 的液晶镜片采用的液晶为染料液晶，染料液晶的设置方式为，将电极只设置在第一低透视区 1a ，根据液晶镜片的液晶材料特性，使得加电压时第一低透视区 1a 光透过率降低，不加电压时第一低透视区 1a 光透过率维持原状。第一低透视区 1a 的电压控制系统原理参见图 3 。也可以采用两种液晶片的组合，一片在前一片在后。例如前片用 PDLC 液晶片，后片用染料液晶片。在 PDLC 液晶片前面可以加用黄色滤光片。
较佳地，第一低透视区 1a 的电极的电压可以如下施加。根据本发明的一个实施例，防车灯眩目镜片还包括光照度传感器和控制电路，如图 3 所示。控制电路包括光照度比较器和交流信号发生器。较佳地，交流信号发生器为方波发生器。
图 2a 示出光照度传感器的结构。光照度传感器包括两个光探测器（ PD ），分别为背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ），如图 2b 和图 2c 所示。背景光探测器 (4) 指向自己车行驶方向，并要避开对面车灯的直接照射，用于探测车辆前方（非对面车大灯照射方向）的光照度，这路 PD 输出的电压作为背景参考电压。对面车灯光探测器 (5) 用于探测对面车大灯照射方向的光照度，这路 PD 输出作为信号电压。为保证 PD 的定向性，可以把 PD 放在一个正透镜 (6) 的焦点附近，也可以放在一个细管的一端，而将另一端指向所需的方向。正透镜（ 6 ）的光轴指向正前方，背景光探测器（ 4 ）放在透镜的焦平面上的光轴的左侧，对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）放在正透镜（ 6 ）的焦平面上的光轴的右侧即车方向来光汇聚的位置，换言之，背景光探测器与对面车灯光探测器相对于透镜的焦点对称放置。可选地，可以把几个 PD 封装在一体，放在防车灯眩目镜的同一位置； 也可以分开封装，放在防眩镜的不同位置。正透镜 (6) 可以为两个，分别放置于背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器 (5) 的前方。
控制电路包括光照度比较器和交流信号发生器。光照度比较器包括两路前置放大器，一路放大器、运放比较器、和 MOSFET 开关。如图 4 所示。两路 PD 的输出电压信号电压 VS 和参考电压 VD 通过各自的前置放大器进入运放器作比较。当对面车灯光照度比背景光高一定倍数，比如 1.5 倍到５倍之间，或两者的差值高于预设值 M 时，其中 M 取值为 3Lux 到 30Lux ，光照度比较器的 MOSFET 管被触发，电路将输出按一定 ( 预定 ) 比例放大了的 Vs 电压。
所说的交流信号发生器会将光照度比较器输出的直流电压转换成交流电压并施加到第一低透视区的电极上。交流信号的幅值与光照度比较器输出的电压一样。由于交流信号的幅值与比较器输出的电压一样，而液晶的黑度与所加电压相关，所以液晶镜片遮光部分变化的黑度与对面车灯的亮度成正比。灯越亮镜片相应部分的透过率就越低。因而可以有效地遮挡对面的灯光，同时又不会遮挡司机的正常视场。较佳地，交流信号发生器为方波发生器，此时交流信号为方波信号。
交流信号发生器的实现方法有很多种，可以用逻辑电路器件构成，也可以用微处理器 MCU 实现。
参见图 1C ，示出了根据本发明的第二实施例的具有图 1A 所示的两个防车灯眩目镜片的防车灯眩目装置的实施例。图 1C 中，防车灯眩目装置的左眼区和右眼区分别具有图 1A 的镜片的结构特征。左眼区的结构与图 1A 完全相同，右眼区的高透视区和低透视区的设置方式与左眼区即图 1A 的镜片完全相同，所以不再重复标号和描述。左眼区的高透视区 1b 和低透视区 1a 的第一分割线为 1c ，第一分割线 1c 在驾驶员视场中心区域的线段的每一个位置点与右眼区中高透视区和低透视区的第一分割线的在驾驶员视场中心区域的线段的相同位置的点的距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。本说明书中，所述距离 L 落在使用者瞳距的正负 2 毫米的数值范围内均视为距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。本说明书中，所谓'相同位置'如下定义：当将左眼区的第一分割线在驾驶员视场中的线段和右眼区的第一分割线在驾驶员视场中的线段平行地放置在直角坐标系中时，以两条线段的水平排列方向为 X 轴，两条线段的高度方向为 Y 轴，则两条分割线上具有相同高度的两个点视为相同位置点。较佳地，左眼区的第一分割线在驾驶员视场中的线段和右眼区的第一分割线在驾驶员视场中的线段均为一条自左下方到右上方的一条斜线，该斜线与垂直线的夹角在 15 至 65 度之间，较佳地设在 35 度。作为选择，第一分割线 1c 可以整体为一条自左下方到右上方的一条斜线，该斜线与垂直线的夹角在 15 至 65 度之间，较佳地设在 35 度。较佳地，左眼区和右眼区中的第一低透视区均设置有电极以接收电压信号。在本实施例中，防车灯眩目装置的左眼区和右眼区的第一低透视区的控制与第一实施例的控制方式相同，即均由光照度比较器和控制电路来控制。在夜间，当对面车灯光照度高于一定值 M 时，其中 M 取值为 3Lux 到 30Lux ，光照度比较器的 MOSFET 管被触发，控制电路将输出按预定比例放大了的信号通道的电压。
参见图 1B ，本发明的图 1A 的镜片优选地还可以进一步包括第二低透视区 1d 。第二低透视区与第一低透视区相对设置，并且第二低透视区 1d 和高透视区由第二分割线 1e 分隔开。第二分割线 1e 可以是多种线型，只要分隔开来的第二低透视区 1d 能够使得来自车灯后视镜的光线的光强减弱即可以。较佳地，在防车灯眩目镜片包含有第二低透视区 1d 的情况下，光照度传感器还包括一个后视镜车光探测器（未图示），用于探测经后视镜反射的来自后面的车光。相应地，控制电路还包括附加光照度比较器和附加交流信号发生器（未图示），后视镜车光探测器的信号被输入到附加光照度比较器的一端。附加光照度比较器的另一端可以接收前述的背景光探测器的信号。
附加光照度比较器的结构与光照度比较器的结构相同，工作原理也相同。附加交流信号发生器与交流信号发生器相同。当后面车灯光照度比背景光高一定倍数，比如 1.5 倍到５倍之间，或两者的差值高于预设值 M 时，其中 M 取值为 3Lux 到 30Lux ，附加光照度比较器的 MOSFET 管被触发，电路将输出按一定 ( 预定 ) 比例放大了的 Vs 电压。附加光照度比较器的输出连接到附加交流信号发生器。较佳地，附加交流信号发生器为方波发生器。
可选地，根据本发明，防车灯眩目镜片的第一和第二低透视区 1a 的液晶镜片是 TN 型液晶， TN 型液晶片的局部控制可以在第一和第二低透视区 1a 贴偏振片，而高透视区 1b 不贴偏振片。
本发明的实施例中，镜片采用染料液晶片或者 PDLC 液晶片或者 SHTN 型液晶片或者 TN 型液晶片；所述 TN 或 SHTN 型液晶片的低透视区贴偏振片；相应的高透视区不贴偏振片；所述用染料液晶或 PDLC 液晶的镜片的低透射区设有电极；所述 TN 型液晶片的低透视区贴偏振片。 本发明中，高透视区配置有电极，但是该电极可以不施加电信号。
此外，液晶镜片也可以为 PDLC 液晶片或者 SHTN 型液晶片。
在上述实施例中，光照度传感器包括两个光探测器（ PD ），分别为背景光探测器和对面车灯光探测器。作为另一种可选方案，光照度传感器还可以只包括一个光探测器（ PD ），即对面车灯光探测器。在此方案中，取消了背景光探测器，那么可以将对面车灯光探测器的输出电压与一个固定电压值作比较。
根据本发明的第三实施例，提供了一种防车灯眩目眼镜，如图 5A 所示。图 5A 中，防车灯眩目眼镜包括镜架 3 ，左镜片 1 和右镜片 2 。左镜片和右镜片分别为第一实施例中的防车灯眩目镜片。左镜片的第一分割线为 1c ，第一分割线 1c 在驾驶员视场中心区域的线段的每一个位置点与右镜片中的第一分割线在驾驶员视场中心区域的线段的相同位置的点的距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。较佳地，左镜片和右镜片中的第一低透视区均设置有电极以接收电压信号。在本实施例中，防车灯眩目眼镜的左镜片和右镜片的第一低透视区的控制与第一实施例的控制方式相同，即均由光照度比较器和控制电路来控制，在此不再赘述。
相应地，左镜片和右镜片可以分别进一步包括第二低透视区，如图 5B 所示。在此，左镜片的第二分割线和右镜片的第二分割线相同位置的两点的距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。第二低透视区的控制如第二实施例所述，在此不再赘述。
根据本发明的第三实施例，可选地，防车灯眩目眼镜还可以进一步包括太阳能电池（未图示）。所述太阳能电池和一个正透镜构成对面车灯光探测器，作为在白天时使用的第二光照度传感器，用于探测对面车大灯照射方向的光照度，其输出作为信号电压 Vs 。为保证探测器的定向性，可以把探测器放在正透镜的焦点附近，也可以放在一个细管的一端，而将另一端指向所需的方向。
用于白天模式时，太阳能电池也可以作为防车灯眩目眼镜的电源，又是第二光照度传感器。第二光照度传感器输出信号直接与交流信号发生器（优选地为方波发生器）相连，交流信号发生器（方波发生器）的输出电压同时加在镜片的高透视区 1b 和低透视区 1a 的电极上。在日间，当车内光照度高于某一预定值 N 时，其中 N 取值为 500 Lux 到 10000 Lux ，控制电路的交流信号发生器接收光照度传感器的输出信号并输出交流电压，所述交流电压同时施加到高透视区的电极和低透视区的电极上。由于方波的幅值与比较器输出的电压一样，而液晶的黑度与所加电压相关，所以整个液晶镜片变化的黑度与太阳光的强度成正比，阳光越强，镜片的透过率就越低。从而能有效地遮挡阳光对司机的影响。
可替换地，防车灯眩目眼镜不采用太阳能电池，而在白天和夜间两种模式都用同一组钮扣电池供电。白天模式和夜间模式各有自己专用的光敏二极管或光敏电阻作为各自的光照度传感器和对面车灯光探测器。切换开关将电源导向白天模式或夜间模式中的支路。白天模式时，通过光敏电阻、日间照度比较器、方波发生器对整个镜片进行控制；夜间模式时，通过光敏二极管、夜间照度比较器和方波发生器对镜片的低透视区进行控制。其中，镜片结构和具体控制电路原理与实施例一相同，在此不再赘述。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，提供了一种防车灯眩目的方法。首先，在镜片上设置第一分割线，使得所述镜片分成高透视区和第一低透视区。其次，检测来自行车路线前进方向左侧或右侧的对面车灯光的光照度，并基于检测的所述光照度使来自行车路线前进方向左侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱，或者使来自行车路线前进方向右侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱。第一低透视区由电致可变透光率材料制成，第一分割线包括一段直线段或近似直线段的曲线端，该直线段或曲线段在驾驶员的视场中与行车路线的车道中间线对准。检测的行车路线前进方向左侧的对面灯光的光照度对应于第一低透视区位于高透视区左侧或左上侧，检测的行车路线前进方向右侧的对面灯光的光照度对应于第一低透视区位于高透视区右侧或右上侧。
需要说明的是，对于左侧行车的国家，上述实施例防眩目镜片的高透视区和低透视区应该进行位置调换，其原理与前述实施例相同。此外，区域划分上也并不限于两个区域，也可以是多于两个，比如有一个高透视区和两个低透视区等等。再有，本发明所述防眩目镜片并不局限于普通形式的镜片，也应包括如头盔镜等特殊样式的镜片。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理，而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释，本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式，这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种防车灯眩目镜片，其特征在于：
    在所述防眩目镜片上设置有由第一分割线隔离开的高透视区和第一低透视区，第一分割线包括位于驾驶员的视场中心区域的一线段，所述线段为直线段或近似直线段的曲线段，该线段在驾驶员的视场中与行车路线的车道中间线对准；
    第一低透视区位于高透视区左侧或左上侧，能够使来自行车路线前进方向左侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱；或者，第一低透视区位于高透视区右侧或右上侧，能够使来自行车路线前进方向右侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱；
    其中，所述防车灯眩目镜片的第一低透视区由电致可变透光率材料制成并配置有电极。
  2. 根据权利要求 1
    所述的防车灯眩目镜片，其中，第一低透视区位于高透视区左侧或左上侧时，第一分割线为一条自左下方到右上方的一条斜线；或者，第一低透视区位于高透视区右侧或右上侧，第一分割线为一条自右下方到左上方的一条斜线，所述斜线与垂直线的夹角在 15 度到 65 度之间。
  3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的防车灯眩目镜片，其特征在于，第一低透视区采用染料液晶片或者 PDLC 液晶片或者 SHTN 型液晶片或者 TN 型液晶片；所述高透视区不贴偏振片，或为非液晶区域；所述 TN 或 SHTN 型液晶片的低透视区贴偏振片，以实现对透视率的分区控制。
  4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的防车灯眩目镜片，其中，所述高透视区由电致可变透光率材料制成 并配置有电极 。
  5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的防车灯眩目镜片，还包括位于与第一低透视区相对侧的第二低透视区，第二低透视区和高透视区由第二分割线分割开，第二透视区用于使后面车灯光通过车反光镜反射的灯光的光强减弱。
  6. 一种防车灯眩目装置，包括左眼区和右眼区，所述左眼区和右眼区分别具有如权利要求 1-4 之一所述的防车灯眩目镜片的结构，
    所述左眼区的高透视区和第一低透视区的第一分割线上的位于驾驶员视场中心区域的线段的每一个位置点与右眼区中高透视区和第一低透视区的第一分割线上的位于驾驶员视场中心区域的线段上的位置相同点的距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。
  7. 根据权利要求 6 所述的防车灯眩目装置，进一步包括：
    光照度传感器，其包括至少一个对面车灯光探测器；所述对面车灯光探测器接收对面车灯光照射方向的光照度并输出电压信号；
    控制电路，包括光照度比较器和交流信号发生器 , 所述光照度比较器接收所述电压信号并将该电压信号与一个阈值电压比较来产生电压控制信号，所述交流信号发生器将光照度比较器输出的电压控制信号转换成交流电压信号，并将生成的交流电压信号施加到第一低透视区两端的电极以调节第一透视区的透光率。
  8. 根据权利要求 7 所述的防车灯眩目装置，其中，所述光照度传感器还包括至少一个背景光探测器，所述背景光探测器接收除对面车灯光照射方向外的光照度以生成背景参考电压，并将背景参考电压输入到光照度比较器的另一个输入端作为所述阈值电压。
  9. 根据权利要求 7 所述的防车灯眩目装置，其特征在于，所述光照度传感器还包括设置于所述背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）前方的正透镜（ 6 ），所述正透镜（ 6 ）为一个或分别位于背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）前方的两个。
  10. 根据权利要求 7 所述的防车灯眩目装置，其特征在于，光照度比较器包括放大器、运放比较器、和 MOSFET 开关；背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）的输出电压信号电压 VS 和参考电压 VD 通过各自的放大器进入运放器作比较。
  11. 根据权利要求 8 所述的防车灯眩目装置，其特征在于，当对面车灯光照度比背景光高 1.5 倍到５倍之间或者两者的差值高于预设值 M 时，光照度比较器的 MOSFET
    管被触发，电路将输出按预定比例放大了的信号通道的电压，其中 M 取值为 3Lux 到 30Lux 。
  12. 根据权利要求 9 所述的防车灯眩目装置，其中，当采用一个正透镜（ 6 ）时，背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器都放在透镜焦平面附近，对面车灯光探测器放在对面车方向来光汇聚的位置，背景光探测器与对面车灯光探测器相对于透镜的焦点对称放置。
  13. 一种防车灯眩目眼镜，包括镜架（ 3 ）、左镜片（ 1 ）和右镜片（ 2 ），所述左镜片和右镜片分别为如权利要求 1-4 之一所述的防车灯眩目镜片；
    所述左镜片的高透视区和第一低透视区的第一分割线上位于驾驶员的视场中心区域的线段的每一个位置点与右镜片中高透视区和第一低透视区的第一分割线上位于驾驶员视场中心区域的线段的相同位置的点距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。
  14. 如权利要求 13 所述的防车灯眩目眼镜，进一步包括：
    光照度传感器，其包括至少一个对面车灯光探测器；所述对面车灯光探测器接收对面车灯光照射方向的光照度并输出电压信号；
    控制电路，包括光照度比较器和交流信号发生器 , 所述光照度比较器接收所述电压信号并将该电压信号与一个阈值电压比较来产生电压控制信号，所述交流信号发生器将光照度比较器输出的电压控制信号转换成交流电压信号，并将生成的交流电压信号施加到第一低透视区两端的电极以调节第一透视区的透光率。
  15. 根据权利要求 14 所述的防车灯眩目眼镜，其特征在于，所述光照度传感器还包括至少一个背景光探测器，所述背景光探测器接收除对面车灯光照射方向外的光照度以生成背景参考电压，并将背景参考电压输入到光照度比较器的另一个输入端作为所述阈值电压。
  16. 根据权利要求 15 所述的防车灯眩目眼镜，其特征在于，所述光照度传感器还包括设置于所述背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）前方的正透镜（ 6 ），所述正透镜（ 6 ）为一个或分别位于背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）前方的两个。
  17. 根据权利要求 16 所述的防车灯眩目眼镜，其特征在于，光照度比较器包括两路前置放大器，一路放大器、运放比较器、和 MOSFET 光开关；背景光探测器（ 4 ）和对面车灯光探测器（ 5 ）的输出电压信号电压 VS 和参考电压 VD 通过各自的前置放大器进入运放器作比较。
  18. 根据权利要求 17 所述的防车灯眩目眼镜，其中，左镜片和右镜片分别进一步包括：
    位于与第一低透视区相对侧的第二低透视区，第二低透视区和高透视区由第二分割线隔离开，第二 低 透视区用于使后面车灯光通过车反光镜反射的灯光的光强减弱；
    所述左镜片的第二分割线上的每一个位置点与右镜片中的第二分割线的相同位置的点的距离 L 为使用者的瞳距。
  19. 根据权利要求 17 所述的防车灯眩目眼镜，其中，所述光照度传感器还包括后视镜车光探测器，用于探测经后视镜反射的来自后面的车光；
    所述控制电路还包括附加光照度比较器和附加交流信号发生器，后视镜车光探测器的信号被输入到附加光照度比较器的一端，附加光照度比较器的另一端接收背景光探测器的信号； 所述附加光照度比较器的输出连接到附加交流信号发生器，所述附加交流信号发生器的输出连接到第二低透视区的电极。
  20. 根据权利要求 14 所述的防车灯眩目眼镜，进一步包括：
    太阳能电池，在日间作为光照度传感器并作为防眩目眼镜的电源，并将输出连接到所述交流信号发生器。
  21. 根据权利要求 20 所述的防车灯眩目眼镜，其特征在于，在夜间，当对面车灯光照度高于一定值 M 时，其中 M 取值为 3Lux 到 30Lux ，光照度比较器的 MOSFET 管被触发，控制电路将输出按预定比例放大了的信号通道的电压；在日间，当车内光照度高于某一预定值 N 时，其中 N 取值为 500 Lux 到 10000 Lux ，控制电路的交流信号发生器接收光照度传感器的输出信号并输出交流电压，所述交流电压同时施加到高透视区的电极和低透视区的电极上。
  22. 根据权利要求 16 所述的防车灯眩目眼镜，其中，当采用一个正透镜（ 6 ）时，背景光探测器和对面车灯光探测器都放在透镜焦平面附近，对面车灯光探测器放在对面车方向来光汇聚的位置，背景光探测器与对面车灯光探测器相对于透镜的焦点对称放置。
  23. 一种防车灯眩目的方法，包括：
    在镜片上设置第一分割线，使得所述镜片分成高透视区和第一低透视区；
    检测自行车路线前进方向左侧或右侧的对面车灯光的光照度，并基于检测的所述光照度使来自行车路线前进方向左侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱，或者使来自行车路线前进方向右侧的对面车灯光在穿过第一低透视区时光强减弱；
    其中，第一低透视区由电致可变透光率材料制成，第一分割线包括位于驾驶员视场中心区域的一线段，该线段为直线段或近似直线段的曲线段，该线段在驾驶员的视场中与行车路线的车道中间线对准；
    检测的行车路线前进方向左侧的对面灯光的光照度对应于第一低透视区位于高透视区左侧或左上侧，检测的行车路线前进方向右侧的对面灯光的光照度对应于第一低透视区位于高透视区右侧或右上侧。
PCT/CN2015/077828 2014-05-04 2015-04-29 防车灯眩目的镜片、装置、眼镜和方法 WO2015169166A1 (zh)

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