WO2015168018A1 - Procédé et appareil de récupération de chaleur - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de récupération de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015168018A1
WO2015168018A1 PCT/US2015/027790 US2015027790W WO2015168018A1 WO 2015168018 A1 WO2015168018 A1 WO 2015168018A1 US 2015027790 W US2015027790 W US 2015027790W WO 2015168018 A1 WO2015168018 A1 WO 2015168018A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
condensing
evaporating
providing
flue gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2015/027790
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Leland E. Gillan
Valeriy Maisotsenko
Alan Gillan
Original Assignee
Idalex Technologies, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Idalex Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Idalex Technologies, Inc.
Publication of WO2015168018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015168018A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F24H8/003—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation having means for moistening the combustion air with condensate from the combustion gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/186—Water-storage heaters using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F24H8/006—Means for removing condensate from the heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0015—Heat and mass exchangers, e.g. with permeable walls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • Waste heat's usefulness is determined by its temperature; the higher the temperature the higher the quality or value.
  • Most waste -heat-recovery devices transfer heat from a high- temperature effluent stream to a lower-temperature input stream. This can either increase the temperature of the input stream, or change the input stream from a liquid to a vapor, as in a water heater or boiler. All these devices can be broadly categorized as heat exchangers.
  • blower can also be added to overcome any pressure drop created by an internal baffle in the heat exchanger tube, see U.S. Patent No 7,032,543.
  • U.S. Patent No 4, 175,518 describes a water heating system with a preheater which utilizes hot flue gases to preheat not only incoming cold water, but also for recirculating and preheating water from the storage tank of the system.
  • Preheaters for hot water heating systems are not per se new. It has been suggested many times in the past that hot flue gases may be used in order to preheat incoming water for a hot water tank.
  • the membrane also has perforations between the condensing side of the membrane and the evaporative side or the membrane in defined areas, providing water flow from the condensing channels to the evaporative channels in which indirect evaporative cooling takes place.
  • This direct transfer of water from the condensation side to the evaporation side reduces the heat and mass transfer resistance.
  • the hot flue gas temperature is transferring both sensible and latent heat and condensing in direct contact with water evaporating and heating combustion air. This makes for very efficient heat and mass transfer as condensing on one side of the membrane and evaporation directly on the opposite on the other side of the membrane results in more direct transfer of sensible and latent heat.
  • Combustion Air 1 is directed into Combustor 3 through an induced draft Fan 20 that pulls Hot Flue Gas 4 to the top of Flue Gas Coils 35. Water 36 is heated, cooling the flue gas below its dew point temperature creating Condensate 17 that is collected and drained from the system.
  • a Condensing Water Heater 32 can replace Pre-cooler 8 in Figure 2, such that the systems needs only HMX 7 as shown in HMX Humid Air Recovery 34B in Figure 3C. This eliminates the need for Pump 10.
  • Non-condensing Water Heater 40 In a typical Non-condensing Water Heater 40 or CWH 32, the condensing temperature of Hot Flue Gas 4 would be about 131°F. This is based on the amount of water created by the oxidation of the hydrogen. This temperature is so low that it can only be used to somewhat preheat Cold Water 11 entering Water Heater 9 but typically not sufficiently heat Cool Water 15 within Tank 39. Non-condensing Water Heater 40 uses about 70% of the heat from Hot Flue Gas 4, as it passes straight up the center of Tank 39.
  • CWH 32 does well when Cold Water 11 is entering Tank 39, as Hot Flue Gas 4 takes a circuitous path 35 within Tank 39.
  • the efficiency of CWH 32 quickly drops off to about 80%> efficiency or less when Cold Water 11 is not entering Tank 39.
  • FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram showing a Hot Water Heater 9 similar to that of Figure 3B, but with an HMX HAR system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3C shows the advantages of the present invention.
  • the Hot Flue Gas 4 dew point temperature rises to about 160°F. This temperature is typically hot enough to either heat or preheat Cool Water 15.
  • Hot Water Out 14 of Water Heater 9 is often only set at about 130°F so that it will not be too hot and cause burns at the water faucets. This allows the 160°F condensing flue gas to sufficiently heat the water.
  • the latent heat of vaporization can heat a significant amount of water to a much higher temperature.
  • this heat recovery method can be used on other devices such as furnaces, boilers, and other applications that have either an internal need for a heat above 140°F, to heat water in the hot water heater case shown, or to heat another fluid.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a more general system.
  • HMX 7 can be as simple as a heat and mass exchanger that is able to have condensing on one side of the plate and evaporation on the other.
  • evaporation side there must be a means to distribute water from the condensing side or from another source across the plate (e.g., wicking, spraying, gravity delivery, etc.)
  • condensing side there must be a means to collect the water and either deliver it to the evaporation side or drain it away.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un chauffe-eau ou un dispositif de chauffage similaire (9, 300) qui comprend un équipement (8) pour pré-refroidir un gaz de combustion chaud (4) pendant le préchauffage de l'eau (13) pour le chauffe-eau. Il comprend en outre un échangeur de chaleur et de masse (7) pour transférer de la chaleur et de l'eau à partir du gaz de combustion pré-refroidi (5) à l'air de combustion (1) pour le chauffe-eau. Le pré-refroidisseur peut comporter un dispositif séparé (8) ou peut être incorporé en tant que partie d'un chauffe-eau de condensation (34B). L'échangeur de chaleur et de masse peut utiliser des membranes (19) ayant des côtés de condensation (26) et des côtés d'évaporation (30), qui permettent à l'eau de passer des côtés de condensation aux côtés d'évaporation. Il peut en outre comprendre des rigoles (18) pour mouiller les membranes.
PCT/US2015/027790 2014-04-28 2015-04-27 Procédé et appareil de récupération de chaleur WO2015168018A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201461985295P 2014-04-28 2014-04-28
US61/985,295 2014-04-28
US201562127767P 2015-03-03 2015-03-03
US62/127,767 2015-03-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015168018A1 true WO2015168018A1 (fr) 2015-11-05

Family

ID=53268863

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2015/027790 WO2015168018A1 (fr) 2014-04-28 2015-04-27 Procédé et appareil de récupération de chaleur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20150308711A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015168018A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10428713B2 (en) 2017-09-07 2019-10-01 Denso International America, Inc. Systems and methods for exhaust heat recovery and heat storage

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104508417B (zh) * 2012-06-11 2017-03-29 7Ac技术公司 用于湍流式耐腐蚀的热交换器的方法和系统
US9273880B2 (en) * 2013-08-14 2016-03-01 Elwha Llc Heating device with condensing counter-flow heat exchanger
US9982907B2 (en) * 2015-07-17 2018-05-29 Valeriy S. Maisotsenko Method and systems for energy-saving heating and humidifying of buildings using outside air
CN106925124B (zh) * 2017-05-03 2023-09-12 北京工业大学 一种具有热回收功能的膜组件
CN111373202B (zh) 2017-11-01 2021-11-26 艾默生环境优化技术有限公司 液体干燥剂空调系统中膜模块中液体干燥剂的均匀分布的方法和设备
EP3704415A4 (fr) 2017-11-01 2021-11-03 7AC Technologies, Inc. Système de réservoir pour système de conditionnement d'air à déshydratant liquide
US11181301B1 (en) * 2020-09-17 2021-11-23 Rheem Manufacturing Company Combustion gas permeable condensation trays for water heating systems
EP4113029A4 (fr) * 2020-09-25 2024-01-24 Kyungdong Navien Co Ltd Chauffe-eau recevant de l'air humidifié

Citations (15)

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US4175518A (en) 1978-02-21 1979-11-27 Reames Cedric Ted A Jr Preheater device for hot water heaters
US4541410A (en) 1983-07-20 1985-09-17 Columbia Gas System Service Corporation Apparatus and method for burning a combustible gas, and a heat exchanger for use in this apparatus
US4651714A (en) 1984-10-18 1987-03-24 A. D. Smith Corporation High efficiency water heater
US4873835A (en) * 1987-01-13 1989-10-17 Institut Francais Du Petrole Process for the simultaneous exchange of heat and matter through a porous wall
FR2694074A1 (fr) * 1992-07-27 1994-01-28 Inst Francais Du Petrole Chaudière à échangeur massique et thermique à humidificateur d'air.
EP0581645A1 (fr) * 1992-07-27 1994-02-02 Institut Francais Du Petrole Chaudière équipée d'un échangeur massique et thermique à prise d'air auxiliaire
WO1994018508A1 (fr) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-18 Atag Verwarming B.V. Appareil de combustion
US5697330A (en) 1995-04-04 1997-12-16 Rheem Manufacturing Company Power-vented, direct-vent water heater
US20030177771A1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2003-09-25 Valeriy Maisotsenko Fuel cell systems with evaporative cooling and methods for humidifying and adjusting the temperature of the reactant streams
US7032543B1 (en) 2005-01-12 2006-04-25 Aos Holding Company Water heater with pressurized combustion
US7055465B1 (en) 2005-05-17 2006-06-06 Hsin-Ming Huang Water heater having waste gas disposal structure
US7159540B2 (en) 2004-10-20 2007-01-09 American Water Heater Company Water heater with air intake and exhaust system
US20090205490A1 (en) * 2008-02-19 2009-08-20 Gas Technology Institute Method and apparatus for humidifying air with water vapor extracted from moisture-laden flue gas
US20110247603A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Carrier Corporation Furnace Vent with Water-Permeable Inner Pipe
WO2013110545A2 (fr) * 2012-01-25 2013-08-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Appareil de chauffage à recirculation contrôlée des gaz de fumée

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US5123481A (en) * 1986-07-09 1992-06-23 Walter F. Albers Method and apparatus for simultaneous heat and mass transfer
US5020335A (en) * 1986-07-09 1991-06-04 Walter F. Albers Method and apparatus for simultaneous heat and mass transfer
US5349829A (en) * 1992-05-21 1994-09-27 Aoc, Inc. Method and apparatus for evaporatively cooling gases and/or fluids
US5453223A (en) * 1994-09-12 1995-09-26 Acma Limited Method of air cooling and heat exchange apparatus
US5953898A (en) * 1997-02-26 1999-09-21 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Power generation method including control of temperature of flue gases entering a high temperature ceramic filter
US6911121B1 (en) * 1999-07-26 2005-06-28 James R. Beckman Method and apparatus for simultaneous heat and mass transfer utilizing a carrier-gas
PT1334325E (pt) * 2000-09-27 2009-05-05 Idalex Technologies Inc Método e aparelho de placas para um refrigerador evaporativo de ponto de orvalho
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4175518A (en) 1978-02-21 1979-11-27 Reames Cedric Ted A Jr Preheater device for hot water heaters
US4541410A (en) 1983-07-20 1985-09-17 Columbia Gas System Service Corporation Apparatus and method for burning a combustible gas, and a heat exchanger for use in this apparatus
US4651714A (en) 1984-10-18 1987-03-24 A. D. Smith Corporation High efficiency water heater
US4873835A (en) * 1987-01-13 1989-10-17 Institut Francais Du Petrole Process for the simultaneous exchange of heat and matter through a porous wall
FR2694074A1 (fr) * 1992-07-27 1994-01-28 Inst Francais Du Petrole Chaudière à échangeur massique et thermique à humidificateur d'air.
EP0581645A1 (fr) * 1992-07-27 1994-02-02 Institut Francais Du Petrole Chaudière équipée d'un échangeur massique et thermique à prise d'air auxiliaire
WO1994018508A1 (fr) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-18 Atag Verwarming B.V. Appareil de combustion
US5697330A (en) 1995-04-04 1997-12-16 Rheem Manufacturing Company Power-vented, direct-vent water heater
US20030177771A1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2003-09-25 Valeriy Maisotsenko Fuel cell systems with evaporative cooling and methods for humidifying and adjusting the temperature of the reactant streams
US7159540B2 (en) 2004-10-20 2007-01-09 American Water Heater Company Water heater with air intake and exhaust system
US7032543B1 (en) 2005-01-12 2006-04-25 Aos Holding Company Water heater with pressurized combustion
US7055465B1 (en) 2005-05-17 2006-06-06 Hsin-Ming Huang Water heater having waste gas disposal structure
US20090205490A1 (en) * 2008-02-19 2009-08-20 Gas Technology Institute Method and apparatus for humidifying air with water vapor extracted from moisture-laden flue gas
US20110247603A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Carrier Corporation Furnace Vent with Water-Permeable Inner Pipe
WO2013110545A2 (fr) * 2012-01-25 2013-08-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Appareil de chauffage à recirculation contrôlée des gaz de fumée

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GREHIER A ET AL: "ECHANGEUR DE CHALEUR ET DE MATIERE A PAROI POREUSE. \APPLICATION EN RECUPERATION SUR FUMEES", OIL & GAS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: REVUE DE L'INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE, EDITIONS TECHNIP. PARIS, FR, vol. 48, no. 2, 1 March 1993 (1993-03-01), pages 147 - 157, XP000367271, ISSN: 1294-4475 *
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10428713B2 (en) 2017-09-07 2019-10-01 Denso International America, Inc. Systems and methods for exhaust heat recovery and heat storage

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