WO2015165047A1

WO2015165047A1 - String plucking mechanism for realizing strong and weak plucking

Info

Publication number: WO2015165047A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/076507
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈少林
Original assignee: 陈少林
Priority date: 2014-04-29
Filing date: 2014-04-29
Publication date: 2015-11-05

Abstract

A string plucking mechanism, comprising a plucking body (1) and a flexible wire (3) guiding the plucking body (1); the plucking body is provided with a head (12), a drive guide part (2) and a flexible guide part (13) thereon; the sliding of the plucking body is limited by the flexible wire via the flexible guide part; the drive guide part can be driven by an external drive force to move in a chording position direction; the plucking body moves back and forth about the drive guide part; two ends of the flexible wire are fixed on a fixing frame; the flexible wire inclines at an angle relative to a connecting line between the drive guide part and the chording positions; when the reciprocating external drive force drives the drive guide part to move in chording position directions, the flexible guide piece of the plucking body is subject to the effect of the flexible wire, and the plucking body completes the operations of plucking, chord muting and homing. Also disclosed is a musical instrument using the plucking mechanism. The adaptability of the plucking mechanism can be improved by changing the weight and size of the plucking body.

Description

A plucking mechanism capable of realizing strength and weakness

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to the art of musical instruments, and more particularly to a plucking mechanism capable of plucking a string, choking a string, homing motion, and sensitively expressing the strength of a sound with a simple structure. Background technique

During the 16th and 18th centuries, the instrument of CEMBALO (Chinese: Harpsichord) was popular in Europe. Since it could not control the strength of the sound sensitively by fingers, the piano was finally invented by the Italians in 1709. The name of the piano, the original meaning of the foreign language is Chebaro, who can play strong and weak sounds. But the piano is not essentially a stringed instrument such as Chebaro. The piano actually uses the hammer to strike the strings to pronounce, and the string and plucked strings are two different fields in music.

Instruments that have been plucked by a button or the like and can reflect changes in strength and weakness are currently blank in the instrument. The mechanism of plucking the string requires that the dial does not return to the original track after crossing the string, and it is necessary to avoid the string return. This is more complicated than playing back the strings of the piano. There is very little research on the plucking device, and even if it is published, it is difficult to form an industry because of complexity.

For example, the Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN103093744A is provided, and a keyboard type multi-function plucking device is provided, which is compared with the structure and production history of the piano.

As shown in Fig. 1, it is a schematic diagram of the structure principle of a single keystroke striking link of the existing piano. The single key striking link mainly includes a key 91, a crossbar 92, a jack 93, a seesaw 94 and a hammer 95. When the key 91 is pressed, the cross bar 92 is lifted up by the rear end of the key 91 and the top bar 93 is moved upward together with the cross bar 92. The side of the seesaw 94 is lifted up by the jack 93 to move the hammer 95 to the strings (not shown), and the hammer 95 strikes the strings by inertia. The piano is a simple instrument. In order to meet the performance requirements, the number of parts for a single key has reached 80, and the standard 88-key piano has 7000 parts. Further, as shown in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B, it is a Chinese invention patent of the above-mentioned application publication No. CN103093744A. The single plucking link mainly includes a key 81, a lever 82, a plucking frame 83, and a plucking device 84. When the key 81 is pressed, the pull wire 841 of the plucker 84 is tightened by the lever 82, and the plucker frame 83 is rotated about the fulcrum, and the plucker 84 is moved downward. Pulling the wire 841 pulls the lever 842, pushes the paddle 843 out and strokes the string, that is, the effect of the performance is achieved. The speed of the button is different, and the length of the paddle is different, so that the sound of the plucked string is different.

After the button is pressed, the key string needs to be sequentially passed through the key and the lever pressing wheel, and the other side of the lever is pressed to the pulling wire, and then the pulling wire and the plucking frame drive the plucking device, and the plucking device further includes Several links. Such a large number of links, from the player pressing the keyboard, to the sound of the string will occur a certain time lag. This is not conducive to the player's mastery of playing the melody, and is not conducive to the performance and command of the instrument in conjunction with the orchestra. In addition, the player requires the instrument to be able to fire quickly, etc. Miscellaneous plucking devices are difficult to implement. Moreover, the keyboard type plucking device has a complicated link. If the model of the analog piano is estimated to form a musical instrument product, the total number of parts will be several times that of the piano. The complexity of the whole set of musical instruments is unimaginable, and it is difficult to become an industry.

The player's requirements for the performance of the instrument are endless. The most basic ones are those who can't fatigue when playing for a long time, and the response cannot be delayed too much after the button is pressed. Both of these points can be attributed to the loss of energy in the stroke of a plucked string. Therefore, it is impossible to introduce complicated links. The components, especially the dials, cannot have an unsmooth movement that is suddenly stopped. Because the higher the speed of these actions, the more energy is consumed and the vibration is generated. Eliminating these vibrations requires more components. In addition, the fast-speed bomb also requires that the next plucking can not be performed only after the key is completely reset.

One day eight years ago, the inventor was excited to see a model that he invented using a gear-shaped dial to pluck the string to the daughter of a middle school student. The daughter said, "It doesn't make sense to do this thing complicated." The author was shocked! The author still does not understand why a girl who was still a middle school student would say such a thing. The present invention has grown up under this revelation. Summary of the invention

The main object of the present invention is to realize the periodic action of plucking, choking, and homing by a mechanical principle and a flexible guiding mechanism, and sensitively reflecting the strength of the sound.

A secondary object of the present invention is to provide a keyboard-type plucked instrument that can sensitively express the strength of sound. In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a plucking mechanism, comprising a driven dial body and a flexible line guiding the dial body; the dial body has a dial, driving guide And a flexible guiding portion, the dial body is slidably limited to the flexible line by the flexible guiding portion; the driving guiding portion is movable by an external driving force to move the chord direction, and the The dial body can swing around the driving guide portion; the two ends of the flexible wire are fixed to a fixing frame body, and the flexible wire is inclined at an angle with respect to the connecting line between the driving guiding portion and the sound chord; When the external driving force drives the driving guide to move in the direction of the chord, the plucking action of plucking, choking, and homing is performed due to the flexible guiding action of the flexible wire on the dial body.

In this way, the driving guide portion is reciprocated in a direction perpendicular to the flexible line, due to the tension of the flexible wire, the damping effect of the flexible guiding portion, and the inertial force of the mass of the dialing body, on the dial body An almost circular motion is generated everywhere except the driving guide; the plucking, choking, and homing operations can be completed with the dial; in order to obtain the volume strength, the method of turning the inertia of the dialing body can be utilized. That is, the lever has a certain length and mass, and the inertia is obtained when the dial body is driven. This inertia is passed to the string to get the corresponding volume. It is also possible to use a combination of friction and inertia. That is, the friction surface is set in the driving guide portion, and when the dial collides with the sound string, the friction surface will obtain the corresponding pressure. Force, this pressure is proportional to the frictional force. The combination of this frictional force and the inertial force of the dialing body becomes the plucking force, and the strength of the sound can also be obtained.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides an instrument having at least one plucking mechanism as described above, at least one keyboard mechanism corresponding to the plucking mechanism, and at least one chord actuated by the plucking mechanism.

The embodiment of the present invention can adapt to the high musical instrument such as a bass instrument such as a bass to a high musical instrument such as a bass by changing the quality and size of the dial body, and it is greatly improved that only one tone can be emitted with respect to the piano. The total tension of all the strings of the piano is around 16 tons, and a structurally strong metal frame must be used, which results in a cumbersome overall piano. Since the tension of the strings in the plucking field is on average only one-twentieth of that of the piano, the frame can use a lightweight material, so that the embodiment of the present invention provides many advantages of the keyboard plucked instrument as a whole, which is light in weight and easy to carry. DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a single striking link structure in a prior art piano.

2A is a schematic structural view of a prior art keyboard type multi-function plucking device.

2B is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of a plucker in a prior art keyboard type multi-function plucking device.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent mechanical principle of the present invention.

4 is a schematic structural view of a plucking mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a plucking mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a plucking mechanism according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a plucking mechanism according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the arrangement structure of the plucking mechanism in the embodiment of the musical instrument of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the operation of the plucking mechanism in the embodiment of the musical instrument of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a top plan view showing the arrangement of the plucking mechanism in the embodiment of the musical instrument of the present invention. detailed description

Exemplary embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of various modifications in the various embodiments and this invention.

The orientations of the upper, lower, top, and bottom in the following embodiments are merely used to illustrate the relative positional relationship between the components, and are not intended to limit the specific mounting orientation of the components in the embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a plucking mechanism including a driven dial 1 and a guiding body 1 Flexible line 3. The dial body 1 has a shaft 11 and a dial 12 for plucking the string, because the dial is considered to be an easy-to-wear part, and the shaft and the dial are not integrated. The shaft 11 further has a driving guide portion 2 and a flexible guiding portion 13; the external driving force A can drive the dial body 1 to move in the direction of a string 4 by the driving guide portion 2 to perform the plucking action.

When the driving force drives the driving guide portion to linearly reciprocate on the connecting line pointing to the dial, the driving guide portion 2 can be equivalent to a mechanically sleeved shaft 21 swinging. The driving guide portion 2 can guide the dial body 1 to slide in the direction of the external driving force A, and the sliding middle body 1 can swing around a fixed axis of the driving guide portion 2. Above the dial body 1, there is a limit member 6 that limits the swinging range of the dial body.

Both ends of the flexible wire 3 can be fixed to the fixed frame body, and the flexible wire 3 is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the line connecting the driving guide portion 2 and the sound chord 4, that is, inclined at a certain angle with respect to the external driving force A. The dial body 1 is coupled to the flexible wire 3 by a flexible guide portion 13, and the other function of the flexible guide portion 13 is to generate damping at the joint portion 131 due to friction, bending of the flexible wire, and/or introduction of the inertia wheel.

Figure 3 shows the quiescent state. At this time, the dial body 1 is at the lowest position under the action of the return force of the gravity or the drive key. The dial body 1 is simultaneously subjected to the torsion force from the obliquely upward direction of the flexible wire 3 against the left side of the stopper 6. When the dial body is subjected to the driving force directed to the direction of the string, the upward movement is performed, and at the flexible guiding portion 13, the body is gradually disengaged from the support force of the flexible wire 3, and the head 12 is rushed toward the string 4, as the dial 12 is close to the piano When the string 4 is plucked, the pressure from the obliquely downward direction of the flexible wire 3 is again received at the flexible guiding portion 13. This pressure causes the dial body 1 to lean against the right side of the stopper 6 after the string is plucked.

It is worth noting that the shape of the dial 12 is such that when the dial collides with the strings 4, a lateral component is generated to avoid the strings. At this time, the effect of the pressure from the oblique downward direction of the flexible guide portion 13 at the flexible guiding portion 13 can be understood to be that the assisting head 12 avoids the string and does not cause the dialing body 1 to rebound. When the external driving force is reversed, the dial body 1 is first moved down along the right side of the limiting member 6 while gradually releasing the pressure from the flexible line at the flexible guiding portion 13 and then along the downward direction. The flexible wire 3 returns to the initial position.

The embodiment of the present invention obtains the kinetic energy of the dial 1 to transfer energy to the strings 4. The guide member 2 and the flexible wire 3 are smoothly guided to minimize the loss of energy. The greater the speed at which the driving force is applied to the dial body 1, the greater the kinetic energy obtained by the dialing body 1, and the greater the energy transmitted to the string after the plucking of the string, and thus the strength of the driving force can be realized. The first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, is a first embodiment of the plucking mechanism of the present invention. In this embodiment, the shaft 11 of the dial body 1 is a long piece, and may be square or with space. Reinforcement and so on. The material can be plastic, metal, wood, and the like. The dial 12 can be located at the top of the shaft 11. The dial 12 has a plucking surface of the male surface and an opposite female surface, and the vertical section of the plucking surface and the female surface may be oppositely curved. A counterweight 15 is placed under the dial, when the mass of the dial body itself cannot satisfy the plucking string Settings.

In this embodiment, a limiting member 6, which is located at the upper portion, is provided on the fixing frame body to limit the upper portion of the shaft 11 on the left and right sides. The surface of the upper limit pin 6 that is in contact with the shaft 11 is provided with a damping material 7, such as felt. In this embodiment, the flexible guiding portion 13 can be movably limited to the flexible wire 3 through a coupling member 132. The coupling member 132 is located between the two flexible wires 3. The outer periphery of the coupling member 132 forms a guide for limiting the sliding of the flexible wire 3. The guiding groove, as shown in FIG. 4, has two strands in the middle of the flexible wire 3, and respectively guides the coupling member 132 obliquely upward and obliquely downward.

The two ends of the flexible wire 3 are fixed on the fixing frame body. In one embodiment, the flexible wire 3 is inclined at an angle of about 45° with respect to the external driving force A, and at least one end of the flexible wire 3 is connected with an elastic member 5 to the elastic member 5. To adjust the tension of the flexible wire 3.

In this embodiment, the driving guide portion 2 includes a lower guiding pin 22 fixed on the fixing frame body and a sliding slot 161 on the dial body 1. The lower end of the shaft body 11 has a U shape 16 to form a sliding slot 161, and the sliding slot 161 can The guide pin 22 is movably received, and the chute 161 is opened downward to fit the lower guide pin 22 to achieve a sliding fit, and the dial body 1 can swing around the lower guide pin 22. Of course, there is a vibration damping process between the lower guide pin 22 and the shaft 11.

The dial 12 is located at an upper portion of the dial body 1. The cross section of the dial 12 is formed by intersecting two symmetrical curved curves, and the intersection thereof becomes the tip end of the dial 12; The role of the lateral component force to avoid the string when the string is plucked, the role of the negative surface is to prevent the dial 12 from hanging on the string 4 in case of debugging. The direction of inclination of the flexible wire 3 depends on the orientation of the dial 1. The judgment method is: after completing the chord state after the plucking, the flexible wire 3 should just press the dial body 1 obliquely downward to help avoid the string.

The external driving force A can be derived from a key or the like (for example, a key of an existing piano shown in "Background"). The driving speed can also be increased by the movable pulley or the lever between the driving end of the key and the lower end of the shaft 11 to obtain a satisfactory plucking effect. SECOND EMBODIMENT A flexible wire 3 can also be composed of two strands as shown in Fig. 5, which are respectively fixed to the holder in a crosswise manner. Third embodiment

As shown in FIG. 6, this embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the flexible guiding portion 13 is a rotating guide wheel 133 which is pivotally connected to the sliding point, and a flexible wire 3 can be wound around the rotating guide wheel. 133. Thus, the shaft 11 can be restrained to slide along the flexible wire 3. The damping force for the rotation of the shaft 11 is generated by the friction or rotational inertia of the rotating guide wheel 133.

Fourth embodiment

As shown in FIG. 7, an embodiment in which the drive guide 2 is located between the dial 12 and the flexible guide 13 is shown. The dial body 1 is coupled to the flexible wire 3 at the flexible guide portion 13, and the coupling member 132 can slide or roll on the flexible wire 3. The driving guide 2 is a circular shaft 24 coupled to the key. The external driving force A from the key is supported by the circular shaft 24 against the driven portion 14 above the dial body 1. The driven portion 14 is a bearing bush, and the circular shaft 24 It can rotate relative to the bearing bush. When the external driving force A is moved up and down linearly, the flexible guiding portion 13 is damped by the friction between the flexible wire 3 and the coupling member 132, and the flexible guiding portion 13 is approximately circularly moved to drive the guiding portion 2. The dial 12 on the other side also performs an approximately circular motion, which can complete the action of the plucking, choking, and homing of the dial 12. Of course, the drive guide 2 and the mating structure herein are also applicable to the other embodiments described above.

The dial body 1 can also have a lower shaft 17, so as to cooperate with the side limiting members 6 to define a range in which the dial 12 swings. The principle that the strong and weak sound can be directly reflected is that the circular shaft 24 that provides the external driving force A is placed on the bearing bush 14 of the driving guide portion of the dial body 1, and the friction between the circular shaft 24 and the driven portion 14 is caused by friction. The size varies with the external driving force A, and the frictional force prevents the rotation of the dial body 1 about the circular shaft 24, and the inertia of the dial body 1 itself, the frictional force and the inertia damping force act together as the plucking force. As a result, the plucking force increases as the external driving force A increases, and the external driving force A decreases and decreases, thereby causing a change in the intensity of the volume. Instrumental example

In order to make the adjacent dial bodies not interfere with each other and the assembly is convenient, the dial bodies can be arranged in two rows staggered, and the dial bodies in each column are arranged in a string. As shown in Fig. 8, the adjacent dial bodies do not interfere with each other. Figure 9 is a top view of two rows staggered with a straight line 72 between the two rows of levers. This eliminates the vibration and avoids the difference in sound quality between the two columns. The straight lines 71, 73 are used to limit the outward deflection of the two rows of levers.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the device may not be vertically arranged as long as the elastic restoring member is connected to the driving portion of the dial body 1. After the plucking of the plucking head 12, the elastic returning member drives the plucking body to complete the return. Bit.

The body that is moved by the plucking mechanism can be made into various sounds. That is known as 琵琶, zither, even three strings. Simply arrange the strings in a straight line and make the spacing of the strings equal to the spacing of the upper limit pins of the plucking mechanism. In order to keep the dial from touching the vibrating plate, a space of at least about 1.5 cm is required between the strings and the vibrating plate. In addition, independently of the plucking mechanism, a chord mechanism can be provided to stop the sound when the finger leaves the button. This mechanism is driven by the driving force at the same time as the plucking mechanism. A vibrato mechanism can also be provided on the body. The operation of this tremolo mechanism can be placed on the top of the keyboard, or a foot pedal can be provided. Like the well-known stringed instrument, if it is designed as a fine-tuning mechanism with tuning, you can use the coin tuning at any time before playing to adapt to various temperaments.

The embodiment of the present invention can adapt to the high musical instrument such as a bass instrument such as a bass to a high musical instrument such as a bass by changing the size and weight of the dial body, and the sound can be greatly improved compared with the piano. The total tension of all the strings of the piano is 16 tons left. Right, a structurally strong metal frame must be used, which results in a cumbersome overall piano. Since the tension of the strings in the plucking field is on average only one-twentieth of that of the piano, the frame can use a lightweight material, so that the keyboard plucked instrument of the embodiment of the present invention is light overall and easy to handle and use.

While the invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments illustrated embodiments The present invention may be embodied in a variety of forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of the invention. All changes and modifications that come within the scope of the claims and their equivalents are intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims

Rights request

A plucking mechanism comprising a driven dial body and a flexible line guiding the dial body;

The dial body has a dial, a driving guide portion and a flexible guiding portion, and the dial body is slidably limited to the flexible line by the flexible guiding portion; the driving guiding portion can be externally driven The force is driven to move in the direction of the chord, and the plucking body can swing around the driving guide; the two ends of the flexible wire are fixed to a fixing frame, and the flexible wire is opposite to the driving guiding portion and the chord The connecting line is inclined at an angle; when the reciprocating external driving force drives the driving guiding portion to move in the direction of the chord, the dial is completed due to the flexible guiding action of the flexible line on the dial body The action of plucking strings, hiding strings, and homing.

The plucking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the flexible guiding portion is movably limited to the flexible wire by a coupling member.

The plucking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the flexible wire comprises two flexible wires, the coupling member is located between the two flexible wires, and the outer periphery of the coupling member is formed for the A guide groove for the flexible wire to slide.

The plucking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the flexible wire is a flexible wire, the coupling member is pivotally connected to the sliding point, and the flexible wire is wound around the coupling member .

The plucking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the flexible wire is connected to at least one end thereof with an elastic member, and the elastic member adjusts the tension of the flexible wire.

The plucking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the dial body is vertically arranged, the driving guide portion of the bottom portion is driven, the dial body moves upward to perform plucking, and is subjected to the The oblique guiding of the flexible wire is driven to cut the string toward the side of the string, and then the homing is completed downward on the side of the string.

The plucking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein an elastic returning member is further connected to the driving guide portion, and after the plucking of the plucking head, the oblique direction of the flexible wire is Guided, the dial body is driven to perform a chord on one side of the chord, and the elastic returning member drives the plucking body to complete homing on one side of the chord.

The plucking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein at least two upper limit pins are further fixed to the fixing frame, and the two upper limit pins define a lateral swinging distance of the dial body.

The plucking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the driving guide portion includes a lower guiding pin fixed to the fixing frame, and the dial body has a movable receiving position of the lower guiding pin Chute.

The plucking mechanism according to claim 9, wherein the lower end of the dial body has a U-shaped end portion to form the sliding slot, and the sliding slot is downwardly opened to fit the lower guiding pin. A sliding fit is achieved and the dial body is rotatable about the lower guide pin.

The plucking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the dial is located at an upper portion of the dial body, The shape of the side section of the dial is formed by the intersection of two curved curves, and the terminal intersection of the curved curve is the tip end of the dial; the male surface at the top of the dial is used for plucking the string and hiding when the string is plucked The lateral component of the string, the negative curved surface of the lower portion of the dial can guide the sound string to prevent the dial from hanging on the sound string.

12. A musical instrument having at least one plucking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 11, at least one corresponding to a keyboard mechanism for driving the plucking mechanism, and at least one sound actuated by the plucking mechanism string.

The stringed instrument according to claim 12, wherein the musical instrument has a plurality of sets of plucking mechanisms to drive a plurality of chords correspondingly, and the adjacent two rows of the dial bodies are staggered to reduce multiple groups. The overall size of the plucking mechanism.

The stringed instrument according to claim 13, wherein when the keyboard mechanism drives the plucking mechanism, the driving speed is increased by the movable pulley or the lever.