WO2015164990A1 - Dispositivo electródico insertable que no genera neblina acida u otros gases, incluye procedimiento - Google Patents
Dispositivo electródico insertable que no genera neblina acida u otros gases, incluye procedimiento Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015164990A1 WO2015164990A1 PCT/CL2015/000027 CL2015000027W WO2015164990A1 WO 2015164990 A1 WO2015164990 A1 WO 2015164990A1 CL 2015000027 W CL2015000027 W CL 2015000027W WO 2015164990 A1 WO2015164990 A1 WO 2015164990A1
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- acid mist
- insertable
- electrode
- strategic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/12—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/04—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
Definitions
- the present invention patent discloses an Insertable Electrode Device (DEI), for processes of electro obtaining metals, to solve the problem of pollution generated by current processes, since it does not generate acid mist or other gases.
- DEI Insertable Electrode Device
- the principle is based on the fact that within the (DEI) there is an oxidation semi-cell reaction that is complemented by the semi-reduction cell that occurs in the electro-obtaining metal cell that uses it.
- the (DEI) does not generate gases and as a consequence no acid mist is emitted into the environment.
- the electrode insertable device (DEI) replaces the current anodes and allows oxidation reactions to be produced below the energy threshold of electrolytic decomposition of water, thus avoiding electrodegeneration of gaseous oxygen that is the main cause of acid mist.
- the (DEI) is an insertable electrode device as a contained monolithic unit or cartridge.
- the (DEI) consists mainly of an outer polymeric frame that acts as a container, lateral membranes and inlet and outlet ducts for solutions inside the device.
- a conductive or semiconductor material is incorporated, which we will call a conductive or strategic semiconductor material (CSE), which is immersed in an electrolyte with ions suitable for a particular application, which circulates from the inlet ducts to the ducts of Departures.
- CSE conductive or strategic semiconductor material
- the (CSE) inside the device is attached to an external conductive bar located above the device container.
- This conductive bar must be designed to support the weight of the container as a whole and to contact the (CSE) located inside, with the system that conducts the electrical energy of the plant.
- the width of the (DEI) allows it to be placed in electrolytic cells without making any modifications to the industrially used geometries.
- the (DEI) replaces the traditional anodes used in electro-obtaining metal processes (mainly lead alloys or other conductive or semi-conductive electrodes); that is, like the anodes currently used in electro-obtaining processes, the (DEI) is mounted in the electrolytic tank, contacting the lateral electrical conductors that correspond to the positive pole and isolating the electrical contact in the negative pole , submerging in the electrolyte that contains the metal of interest usually referred to as rich electrolyte (ER), inside the tank.
- ER rich electrolyte
- the field of application of (DEI) is in the mining industry, specifically in the processes of electro obtaining metals, such as copper, nickel, cadmium, gold, silver, zinc, cobalt and many more.
- the (DEI) also allows efficient processing of solutions directly from leaching, without the need to concentrate the element of interest via solvent extraction, ion exchange or activated carbon, as the incorporated membranes perform this work. That is, the (DEI) can replace solution concentration systems. It can also be applied effectively in the treatment of effluents with heavy metal contents from various industries, electrolyte recirculation in production systems or in the treatment of special electrolytic coatings.
- the main comparative advantage is that the (DEI) of the invention allows operation without acid mist emission, and therefore, the installation problems associated with this point (environmental pollution, corrosion, increased consumption of water, etc.)
- the electro-obtaining cell operating with the (DEI) achieves better energy efficiency, with a very low specific consumption of electrical energy compared to conventional and similar current efficiencies. There is no acid mist because water does not electrolytically decompose and consequently there is water savings.
- the electro-obtaining (EO) process is currently carried out in rectangular polymer concrete ponds called "conventional electrolytic cells or tanks” (CEO), which are arranged inside metal plates submerged in a solution rich in copper in an acidic environment. These plates correspond alternately to anode and cathode.
- CEO conventional electrolytic cells or tanks
- the traditional procedure uses permanent 316L stainless steel cathodes or other equivalent in the vast majority of operations. All the plates are electrically connected in parallel in an electrolytic cell, so as to form a circuit through which a continuous electric current is circulated, from anode to cathode.
- the metal in solution such as copper in oxidation state +2 (Cu 2+ ) migrates to the cathode that is negatively polarized, electro depositing on the surface of it as metallic copper.
- the so-called acid mist is caused by the electro generation of small oxygen bubbles on the surface of the anode that emerge to the surface of the electrolyte, bursting and emitting a set of micro electrolyte particles that are distributed spatially in the electrolytic space, polluting the environment labor and the environment surrounding the plant, generating risks for people, flora, fauna and the environment in general.
- This acid mist corrodes equipment, electrodes and structures, forcing operational measures to mitigate these emissions.
- the law requires the control of the concentration of acid inside the Ship and has set at 0.8 ppm / m 3 of air at sea level, but, this value decreases depending on the altitude of the site, for example to 3000 masl is required 0.53 ppm / m 3 .
- the great copper mining has high economic budgets destined to comply with the current regulation, but, it is quite possible that in the near future the environmental demands increase.
- the (DEI) applied in this case solves these problems associated with the current procedure, not generating gases or acid mist.
- the field of application is mainly in the mining industry but not exclusive of other industrial applications and uses. STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
- the acid mist in addition to the serious damage that can occur in the human body, which today are mitigated by the use of more sophisticated EPP, but increasingly more uncomfortable for operators, does not prevent serious damage to structures, to the electronic equipment and machinery that are inside the ship, as well as the important fraction of this mist that leaves the electrolytic ship, which damages the rest of the industrial facilities (which also affects the people who work there) and the surrounding communities, flora and fauna of the environment, which could eventually contaminate water resources.
- the anode In conventional electrolytic procedures, the anode, conductive or semi-conductive, is immersed inside the electrolytic cell, so that the electrolytic reactions that occur on its surface, occur with the rich electrolyte (ER), that is to say anode and cathode They share the same electrolyte.
- ER rich electrolyte
- Equations 1 to 6 represent these reactions on the anodic surface.
- the traditional process of electro obtaining copper is carried out with lead alloy anodes, DSA or RGT anodes immersed in an electrolytic cell or cell through which the (ER) circulates, and are arranged alternately anode-cathode-anode, treating to maintain a minimum distance between anode and cathode, but, avoiding that they are contacted electrically between them to avoid short circuits.
- the semi-cell reactions that occur in this process, regardless of the type of conductor are the following:
- (DEI) has external contact with the rich electrolyte (ER) through ion exchange membranes that make up the wider walls of the device, unlike the traditional process in which the anode is directly in contact with the (ER). That is, the (DEI) does NOT directly use the (ER) for its electrochemical reactions.
- the IMAM cell (Request, CL / 201100617) does not produce acid mist, however, it is a new electrolytic cell that replaces the current ones, unlike the (DEI) that only replaces the anode, as an insertable electrode device.
- the electrode insertable device replaces the current anodes and allows oxidation reactions to be produced below the energy threshold of electrolytic decomposition of water, thus avoiding electrodegeneration of gaseous oxygen that is the main cause of acid mist.
- FIG. 1 Symmetric view showing the main elements.
- FIG. 2 Isometric view of the exploded view of the device (DEI).
- FIG. 3 Lateral view showing the direction of movement.
- FIG. 4 Front section view showing elements and flow.
- FIG. 5 Front section view showing a conventional cell.
- FIG. 6 Front section view showing the (DEI) in a (CEO).
- FIG. 7 Cutting view in conventional cell plant (CEO).
- FIG. 8 Plan view of the (DEI) as an anode in the (CEO).
- the electrode insertabie device (DEI) (1) of the invention is shaped and confined as a box or cartridge that acts as a container and is a movable, insertable and removable monolithic basic unit in the electrolysis cells for obtaining metals.
- the (DEI) (1) allows its configuration of shape and dimensions to be variable as a mobile unit container, to adapt it to the shape and dimensions of the cell in which it will be used.
- the (DEI) (1) considers and allows the possibility of giving it different volumetric shapes, being able to be rectangular, cylindrical in shape and can even have special geometries as required by a specific application.
- Fig. 1 shows the cartridge or container that as a unit forms the device (DEI) (1), which has a polymeric structure that constitutes a perimeter frame (2) that gives it structural strength and ensures the tightness of the assembly, preventing the leakage of solutions from the inside to the outside or vice versa, where this perimeter frame (2) works together with some side walls that are formed by ion exchange membranes (3) located on both sides of the cartridge, where by the Inner cavity formed by these ion exchange membranes (3), a strategic electrode (4) is located, which is a conductive or strategic semiconductor material (CSE).
- DEI device
- an inlet duct (5) is located and in the right an outlet duct (6), where a horizontal conductive bar (7) is electrically connected to the strategic electrode (4) ), by means of vertical conductive bars (8), in which presses or handles (9), allow to insert or remove the (DEI) (1).
- Fig. 2 isometrically shows the exploded view of the insertabie electrode device (DEI) (1), where it is shown that the device as a cartridge is configured and confined by retaining walls that are ion exchange surfaces or membranes (3), These membranes are supported by the perimeter frame (2) that includes two perimeter seals on both sides.
- the perimeter frame (2) is made of polymer based resistant to corrosive environments, this structure allows varying the volumetric shape as required, depending on the aqueous medium containing the metal to be obtained. It shows the horizontal conductive bar (7), the inlet duct (5) and the outlet duct (6). It also indicates the location of vertical busbars (8) and where A conductive electrolyte (10) circulates which is an electrolyte with ions suitable for a particular application, which circulates from the inlet ducts (5) to the outlet ducts (6).
- Fig. 3 shows in side section as inside the insertable electrode device (DEI) (1), a strategic electrode (4) is located, which can be found configured or with the condition of massive electrode, mesh electrode or as plate electrode;
- the materials of the strategic electrode (4) can be conductors or semiconductors (metals, graphite, graphene, metals coated with oxides of iridium, tantalum or ruthenium). It indicates the location of a busbar (11) connected to the inlet duct (5) and the location of a busbar (12) connected to the outlet duct (6) and the direction of circulation of the conductive electrolyte (10).
- Fig. 4 shows the direction of circulation of the conductive electrolyte
- the conductive electrolyte (10) is called strategic electrolyte and is an aqueous medium that contains the ionic pair that will be used for the anodic semi-cell reaction and which in the case of copper will be the Fe (II) / Fe (III) cup.
- the circulation of the conductive electrolyte (10) inside the cartridge (1) that makes up the (DEI) (1) is carried out through circulation outlet ducts (14), in which the ingress of the fluid is injected through the connector or inlet duct (5), where the fluid that enters it does it at constant pressure and descends vertically, distributing perpendicularly and horizontally throughout the inner surface of the cartridge (1) thanks to the distributor bar (11), the fluid pressure allows that is captured by the evacuation bar (12) in a homogeneous manner, to be evacuated from (DEI) (1) by the outlet duct (6).
- Fig. 5 shows in front section a conventional electro-obtaining or electrolysis cell (CEO), indicates the connector with positive polarity (15) and the capping board (16) that allows to isolate anode from the contact with negative polarity.
- CEO electro-obtaining or electrolysis cell
- Fig. 6 shows in front section a conventional electro obtaining or electrolysis cell (CEO) and inside the cartridge or device (DEI).
- the (DEI) at the top has a bar horizontal conductor (7) that is electrically connected to the strategic electrode (4), by means of vertical conductor bars (8), which also allow the cartridge to be physically held as a whole.
- the (DEI) must remain in electrical contact with the positively conductive busbars (15) of the conventional cells, by means of the support of the horizontal busbar (7) of the device.
- This horizontal conductive bar (7) must rest on the capping boards (16) that allow electrically isolating the negative pole of the conductive bars or base (15) of the cells.
- the connection between the vertical conductor bars (8) and the horizontal conductor bar (7) is carried out by means of a system of presses or handles (9).
- the (DEI) is in electrical contact with the positive polarity conductor bars (15) of the CEO CEO cells, by means of the support of the horizontal conductor bar (7) of the device.
- This horizontal conductive bar (7) rests on the capping boards (16) that allow electrically isolate the negative pole of the conductive bars or base with positive polarity (15) of the cells (CEO).
- the connection between the vertical conductor bars (8) and the horizontal conductor bar (7) is carried out by means of the presses or handles (9).
- Fig. 7 shows a plan cut of a conventional electrolysis cell (CEO) and the arrangement of the traditional cathode (18) and the traditional anodes (17) and the conductive bars or base with positive polarity (15) of the cells (CEO) .
- Fig. 8 shows a plan section of a conventional electrolysis cell (CEO) and the arrangement of the traditional cathode (18) and the location of the insertable electrode device (DEI) or cartridge, where in the case of electro obtaining Of copper, the (DEI) or cartridge considers a maximum thickness to achieve an adequate insertion as a device inside a conventional electrolysis cell, without changing the original design of the traditional cathode (18), which allows ranges of variation between 10 to 15 millimeters approximately between the anode to anode centers, (17) to (17) or cartridge to cartridge.
- the (DEI) or cartridge acts as a detachable and removable anode inside a conventional electro-obtaining cell (CEO). Procedure and method of work of the DEI
- the electrode insertable device (DEI) (1) replaces the current anodes (17) and allows oxidation reactions to occur below the energy threshold of electrolytic decomposition of water, thus avoiding the problem of the electro-product technique. of gaseous oxygen that is the main cause of acid mist.
- the (DEI) is designed to act as an anode in the processes of
- CSE conductive or semiconductor material
- the membrane (3) is a polymeric material with fixed groups electrically charged inside. If the functional groups are positive, it is a cation exchange membrane (3) and if the groups are negative, it corresponds to an anion exchange membrane (3).
- the importance of the membranes (3) is to maintain a physical separation between the (ER) rich electrolyte, which contains the metal to be recovered, and the fluid that circulates inside the (DEI), but, which allow to maintain the electrical conductivity between the (ER) and the fluid circulating inside the (DEI) thanks to the selective ion exchange in only one direction, from the ER into the (DEI).
- the fluid circulating inside the (DEI), with conductive characteristics and containing a suitable REDOX cup, is called strategic electrolyte (EE).
- the (CSE) inside the device is attached to a horizontal conductive bar (7) external to the (CEO) located above the device's container.
- This horizontal conductive bar (7) must be designed to support the weight of the container as a whole as a device or cartridge and to contact the (CSE) located inside, with the system that conducts the electrical energy of the plant.
- the geometry of the (DEI) allows to locate it in the current industrial cells, maintaining the amount of cathodes of each cell and without making any change in the geometry of the current cells.
- the (DEI) or cartridge replaces the traditional anodes used in electro-metal processes (mainly lead alloys or other conductive or semi-conductive electrodes); that is, like the anodes currently used in electro-obtaining processes, the (DEI) is mounted in the electrolytic tank, contacting the lateral electrical conductors that correspond to the positive pole and isolating the electrical contact in the negative pole , submerging in the electrolyte that contains the metal of interest usually referred to as rich electrolyte (ER), inside the tank.
- ER rich electrolyte
- the walls corresponding to the membranes must be submerged in the outer electrolyte that contains the metal to be recovered.
- n + 1 cartridges (1) or (DEI) Between two cartridges or units of (DEI) a cathode is located, so that in an electrolytic cell there will always be n + 1 cartridges (1) or (DEI), for every n cathodes. This is very similar to the current situation, for that reason no modifications should be made to the current electrolytic cells or to the electrical conductors, or to the electrical insulators. Nor are modifications to the lifting and displacement equipment of materials in the electrolytic building considered.
- the process sequence would occur as follows: inside the (DEI) a ferrous ion contained in the (EE) , it contacts the (CSE) located inside the (DEI) box, reacting electrolytically on the surface of the (CSE), in which the electrolytic transformation of the ferrous ion to ferric ion occurs, so that the (EE) that comes out of (DEI), results in a high content of ferric ion.
- the reaction of ferrous ion to ferric ion transformation implies the loss of electrons that are transported by the electrical conductors to the cathode, polarizing it negatively. In the cathode the reduction of the cupric ion occurs, which captures the electrons deposited as metallic copper.
- ferrous ion to ferric ion occurs at a much lower energy threshold than the electrolytic decomposition of water, and because of this, it does not produce acid mist, because it does not generate micro bubbles of gaseous oxygen that emerge and burst on the surface of the electrolyte, which are the cause of the emission of acid mist.
- the procedure for installing (DEI) in a conventional cell includes the following steps: a) installation of an external recirculation tank (EE), with heat exchanger and respective piping; b) de-energization of the plant to execute replacement procedure;
- the (DEI) allows electro deposition of metals without emitting acid mist to the work environment or to the environment surrounding the facilities, so that existing acid mist mitigation systems can be eliminated.
- the main objective of the (DEI) is to eliminate the Acid Mist that is emitted from the current electro-obtaining systems that are applied and use the electrolytic decomposition of water, which generates micro oxygen bubbles that emerge to the surface of the electrolytes, where they burst and emit a distribution of micro drops that pollute the environment.
- the (DEI) eliminates the root of the problem and does not generate acid mist.
- the energy threshold for not electrolytically decomposing water allows eliminating the production of chlorine gas.
- the number of units of (DEI) that are required for a certain level of production is calculated by means of Faraday's law, commonly used for these calculations and that relates the production of a metal of interest with current density and the area of (DEI).
- the (DEI) In the case of copper, the (DEI) must be arranged in cells of 15, 30 or 60 cathodes that exist in the market.
- the (EE) that is fed is a solution in sulfuric environment in an acidity range between 150 to 180 g / L of sulfuric acid with a total Fe concentration in solution between 50 at 90 g / L, mostly as Fe (II).
- the working temperature can be moved from room temperature to 90 ° C.
- the (EE) leaving (DEI) contains between 150 to 180 g / L of sulfuric acid with a total Fe concentration in solution between 50 to 90 g / L, mostly as Fe (III).
- the working temperature can be moved from room temperature to 90 ° C.
- the flow rate at each (DEI) can be moved between 1 to 60 L / min.
- the (CSE) can be a conductive or semi-conductive material, in the form of a plate, mesh, metallic wool or pieces of these materials filling the cavity of the cartridge (1), as long as they have electrical contact with the conductive horizontal bar (7) higher.
- the selection of the (CSE), the (EE) and the redox pair to be used, as well as the most suitable ion exchange membrane (3) is carried out by means of laboratory-level tests that consider performing linear voltammetries in a unit scalable to industrial size and of tests in a scalable unit, also of laboratory level, of electro-obtaining tests in which all the metallurgical responses that allow selecting these materials properly are measured.
- cell voltages recorded values between 0.6 to 1.85 V, range in which no acid mist occurs, operating with current densities of 250 to 600 A / m 2 , respectively. These values were validated at the pilot level, without the emission of acid mist.
- the reactions involved in the selection correspond to those presented in equations 7 through 11.
- the polymeric materials that constitute the structure that supports (DEI) and that tenses the membranes, must also be tested to ensure their chemical resistance.
- the metals that can be recovered with this new technology are zinc, copper, gold, silver, cadmium, nickel, palladium, platinum, cobalt and rhodium, whose semi-cell reactions correspond to the reduction of these ionic species to their metallic form, reaction that necessarily occurs on the negatively polarized surface of the cathode.
- the anodic reaction is any oxidation reaction that in the series of standard potentials is located above the reduction of the metallic species and below the oxidation reaction of water, which does not form gases.
- the Fe (II) / Fe (III) cup This change is substantial, since the generation of acid mist due to the evolution of gases is avoided, as is the case with the oxygen generated in the electrolytic decomposition of water. Therefore, the anodic reaction used by technology (DEI) is below the energy threshold of water oxidation. This further allows to avoid the occurrence of undesired oxidation reactions such as electro-chlorine generation and thus avoiding all the problems that are associated with these reactions.
- the anion that will be transferred into the (DEI) is the ion SO ⁇ .
- the anionic ion exchange membrane (3) used in the (DEI) only allows the passage of anions, therefore the electrolyte rich in copper and other species, will maintain the cations that make it up, in the same way as the cations that make up the anolyte; This allows the current efficiency to be very high, as undesirable reactions of oxide impurity reduction do not occur as the conventional process.
- the energy threshold will be lower than the decomposition of water, so the energy requirements are lower, no acid mist is generated and chlorine is not oxidized.
- the physical barrier of the external frame of the DEI protects the membranes and the electrode (CSE) located inside, from accidental shocks when cathodes are handled during the harvest of the deposited product.
- the change in anodic reaction decreases in water consumption, which is estimated to be approximately halved; for example in the conventional process to deposit 1 mole of 1 mole of copper, consumes one mole of water, increasingly scarce input.
- the water that must be replenished must be pretreated to ensure its purity and must be heated so as not to cause sudden temperature changes. With the incorporation of the DEI, water is not consumed by this concept and only the water that evaporates and the equivalent of purges of the system must be replaced.
- Fe (III) is generated, an essential reagent for sulfide leaching.
- Any solution concentration process can be eliminated (eg solvent extraction).
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2015252689A AU2015252689B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-24 | Insertable electrode device that does not generate acid mist or other gases, and method |
US15/307,994 US20170058414A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-24 | Insertable electrode device that does not generate acid mist or other gases, and method |
ZA2016/08283A ZA201608283B (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2016-11-30 | Insertable electrode device that does not generate acid mist or other gases, and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CL2014001133A CL2014001133A1 (es) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Dispositivo electródico insertable (dei) que reemplaza al ánodo tradicional en procesos de electro obtencion de metales, que no genera neblina ácida u otros gases, que comprende un marco perimetral dispuesto en ambos lados del dispositivo, membranas de intercambio ionico, electrodo estrategico que es un conductor o semiconductor, ducto de entrada y salida, barras conductoras electricas verticales; procedimiento de aplicacion del dispositivo. |
CL1133-2014 | 2014-04-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2015164990A1 true WO2015164990A1 (es) | 2015-11-05 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/CL2015/000027 WO2015164990A1 (es) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-24 | Dispositivo electródico insertable que no genera neblina acida u otros gases, incluye procedimiento |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20170058414A1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU2015252689B2 (es) |
CL (1) | CL2014001133A1 (es) |
PE (1) | PE20170107A1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2015164990A1 (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA201608283B (es) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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ES2580552A1 (es) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-24 | Infotrol, S.L. | Ánodo seguro para celda electroquímica. |
CN109735893A (zh) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-10 | 胡俊 | 一种引线框架电镀用阳极组件 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107475747B (zh) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-10-09 | 东营方圆有色金属有限公司 | 一种低成本复新铜电解导电棒的方法 |
CN117263468B (zh) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-01-23 | 内蒙古美力坚科技化工有限公司 | 一种混纺染料生产废水脱色处理装置 |
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DE4003516C2 (de) * | 1990-02-06 | 1994-06-23 | Heraeus Elektrochemie | Elektrodenelement für elektrolytische Zwecke und dessen Verwendung |
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2014
- 2014-04-30 CL CL2014001133A patent/CL2014001133A1/es unknown
-
2015
- 2015-04-24 WO PCT/CL2015/000027 patent/WO2015164990A1/es active Application Filing
- 2015-04-24 AU AU2015252689A patent/AU2015252689B2/en active Active
- 2015-04-24 US US15/307,994 patent/US20170058414A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-04-24 PE PE2016002156A patent/PE20170107A1/es unknown
-
2016
- 2016-11-30 ZA ZA2016/08283A patent/ZA201608283B/en unknown
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US5492608A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1996-02-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Electrolyte circulation manifold for copper electrowinning cells which use the ferrous/ferric anode reaction |
US20050023151A1 (en) * | 2003-07-28 | 2005-02-03 | Sandoval Scot Philip | Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction |
US8038855B2 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2011-10-18 | Freeport-Mcmoran Corporation | Anode structure for copper electrowinning |
WO2013060786A1 (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2013-05-02 | Industrie De Nora S.P.A. | Anodic compartment for metal electrowinning cells |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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ES2580552A1 (es) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-24 | Infotrol, S.L. | Ánodo seguro para celda electroquímica. |
CN109735893A (zh) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-10 | 胡俊 | 一种引线框架电镀用阳极组件 |
Also Published As
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AU2015252689A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
PE20170107A1 (es) | 2017-04-02 |
CL2014001133A1 (es) | 2014-11-03 |
AU2015252689B2 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
ZA201608283B (en) | 2018-05-30 |
US20170058414A1 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
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