WO2015161718A1 - 一种天线及其波纹喇叭馈源 - Google Patents

一种天线及其波纹喇叭馈源 Download PDF

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WO2015161718A1
WO2015161718A1 PCT/CN2015/073566 CN2015073566W WO2015161718A1 WO 2015161718 A1 WO2015161718 A1 WO 2015161718A1 CN 2015073566 W CN2015073566 W CN 2015073566W WO 2015161718 A1 WO2015161718 A1 WO 2015161718A1
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mode
waveguide
horn feed
horn
main mode
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PCT/CN2015/073566
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English (en)
French (fr)
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马金萍
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015161718A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015161718A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns

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  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna and a ripple horn feed thereof.
  • the single-biased parabolic antenna has been widely used because it avoids the occlusion of the feed, and has the advantages of high mouth surface efficiency, low side lobes, and good electrical isolation between the feed and the reflective surface.
  • the single offset surface structure destroys the symmetry of the antenna structure, the single-biased reflector antenna has a serious disadvantage, and this disadvantage causes the cross-polarization value to rise, that is, when the linear polarization characteristic is good.
  • the radiation field of the antenna exhibits poor cross-polarization characteristics in an asymmetrical plane, which is not allowed in satellite communication antennas. It is for this reason that the practical application of a single-biased parabolic antenna is limited.
  • the measure of the focal length ratio (f/D) of the reflective surface is generally adopted because the cross-polarization value is inversely proportional to the square of f/D. .
  • the structure of the antenna is also more difficult to implement, and the performance of the antenna is difficult to ensure due to the increase of the longitudinal dimension of the antenna, which is not conducive to the use of the single-biased parabolic antenna in the vehicle station and the like.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an antenna and a corrugated horn feed thereof, which solves the problem of poor cross polarization characteristics of the antenna, and ensures the performance of the antenna, which is convenient for practical application.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a corrugated horn feed, including a mode converter, the mode converter is in the shape of a horn, the inner wall has a radial straight groove in the form of a corrugation, and the inner wall of the mode converter is set.
  • a plurality of excitation diaphragms on the same aperture surface configured to excite high-order modes, at the mouth surface of the mode converter, a relative amplitude of the higher-order mode and the main mode The relative phase satisfies the preset relationship.
  • corrugated horn feed wherein the mode converter is divided into a main mode converter and a horn a radiation waveguide, the horn radiation waveguide is located behind the main mode converter in a propagation direction of the main mode;
  • the opening angle of the horn radiating waveguide is greater than an opening angle of the main mode converter.
  • corrugated horn feed wherein the horn radiating waveguide has an opening angle of 20° to 50°.
  • the corrugated horn feed further includes:
  • the main mode excites the waveguide, is arranged to excite the main mode wave, and is transmitted to the mode converter.
  • corrugated horn feed wherein the main mode excitation waveguide is a light wall cylindrical waveguide.
  • corrugated horn feed further comprises:
  • the main mode cutoff waveguide is arranged to limit the propagation direction of the main mode so that the main mode is transmitted to the mode converter.
  • the main mode cutoff waveguide is a light wall circular table waveguide
  • the smaller mouth surface of the optical wall circular table waveguide is located behind the larger mouth surface
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide an antenna using the ripple horn feed as described above.
  • the corrugated horn feed reduces the cross-polarization level of the asymmetric surface of the single-bias parabolic antenna by introducing a high-order mode, thereby effectively improving the cross-polarization performance of the single-biased parabolic antenna, so that it can be applied to C.
  • the size of the corrugated horn feed is reduced, compared with the conventional corrugated horn feed, has the characteristics of simple structure, small size, low cost, etc. Used in the Ku-band satellite communication system.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view showing a ripple horn feed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a corrugated horn feed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the corrugated horn feed of the embodiment of the invention reduces the cross-polarization level of the asymmetric surface of the single-bias parabolic antenna by introducing a high-order mode, and improves the cross-polarization performance of the single-bias parabolic antenna, so that it can be applied to the C-band.
  • the horn radiating waveguide with a large angle is applied to reduce the size of the corrugated horn feed.
  • the corrugated horn feed of the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small size and low cost. It can be applied to the Ku-band satellite communication system.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a corrugated horn feed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a corrugated horn feed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ripple horn feed in the embodiment of the present invention includes a mode converter.
  • the mode converter is arranged to convert the main mode TE 11 mode into a main mode HE 11 mode in the horn waveguide and then radiate from its mouth surface.
  • the mode converter has a horn shape and the inner wall has a radial straight groove 11 in the form of a corrugation.
  • a plurality of excitation diaphragms 10 are disposed on the inner wall of the mode converter, wherein the plurality of excitation diaphragms 10 are located on the same aperture surface and are arranged to excite the higher order mode HE 21 mode, which is propagated to the mode converter
  • the relative amplitude and relative phase of the high-order mode HE 21 mode and the main mode HE 11 mode satisfy a preset relationship to reduce the cross-polarization level of the asymmetric surface of the single-bias parabolic antenna, and improve the single bias Cross-polarization performance of parabolic antennas.
  • the mouth surface of the mode converter refers to a larger mouth surface of the horn, that is, an area where the larger opening of the horn is located.
  • the main mode HE 11 mode converted by the mode converter and the higher order mode HE 21 mode excited by the excitation diaphragm 10 are radiated from the mouth surface.
  • the aperture face of the mode converter is the plane in which the aperture of the horn is located, perpendicular to the axis of the horn, and the face of the horn is generally parallel to the aperture face.
  • the cross polarization level of the single-bias reflector antenna system can be effectively reduced.
  • the corrugated horn feed of the embodiment of the invention reduces the cross-polarization level of the asymmetric surface of the single-bias parabolic antenna by introducing a high-order mode, and effectively improves the cross-polarization performance of the single-biased parabolic antenna.
  • the excitation diaphragm 10 is located on the same aperture surface of the mode converter, and the mode converter is divided into a main mode converter L3 and a horn radiating waveguide L4 in the main mode.
  • the horn radiating waveguide L4 is located behind the main mode converter L3.
  • the opening angle of the horn radiating waveguide L4 is greater than the opening angle of the main mode converter L3.
  • the horn radiating waveguide L4 is a large angle horn structure having an opening angle ranging from 20° to 50°.
  • the large angular structure of the horn radiating waveguide L4 can reduce the number of radial straight grooves 11, so that the size of the entire corrugated horn feed is minimized, and can be applied to a Ku-band satellite communication system.
  • the embodiment of the invention simplifies the structure of the corrugated horn feed, and can appropriately increase the width of the radial straight groove 11, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty of processing. .
  • the corrugated horn feed of the embodiment of the invention applies a large-angle horn radiating waveguide, which reduces the size of the corrugated horn feed, and has the advantages of simple structure, small size and low cost compared with the conventional corrugated horn feed. .
  • the plurality of excitation diaphragms 10 are equally spaced such that the excited higher order modes are evenly distributed.
  • the plurality of excitation diaphragms 10 are the same size such that the excited higher order modes are evenly distributed.
  • the corrugated horn feed comprises three parts: 1. the main mode excitation waveguide L1: the input end of the main mode TE 11 mode; 2. the mode converter: the excitation and transmission of the main mode HE 11 mode in the horn radiating waveguide; 3. Horn radiating waveguide: The main mode HE 11 mode radiates from the mouth surface of the horn radiating waveguide.
  • the main mode excitation waveguide usually adopts probe excitation, hole excitation, waveguide excitation or a mixture of these excitations.
  • the main mode excitation waveguide L1 is a light wall cylindrical waveguide, and the inner wall thereof is smooth, and the inner diameter is D1.
  • the corrugated horn feed in this embodiment further includes a main mode cut-off waveguide L2, which is arranged to limit the propagation direction of the main mode TE 11 mode, so that the main mode TE The 11 mode is sufficiently transmitted to the main mode converter L3 of the mode converter.
  • the optical wall cylindrical waveguide L1 is a uniform waveguide, if the transition between the horn waveguide and the uniform waveguide is not smooth enough, a high order mode is generated. Therefore, in order to make the main mode TE 11 mode more fully transmitted, it is necessary to produce as few high-order modes as possible.
  • the main mode cutoff waveguide L2 frustum optical waveguide wall in order to achieve the main die forwardly TE 11 mode propagating in the propagation direction of the main die TE 11 mode, the waveguide light L3 is smaller conical wall orofacial Located behind the larger mouth. Wherein, the mouth surface of the optical wall circular waveguide L3 is the area where the opening is located.
  • the inner wall of the optical wall circular waveguide L3 is smooth, so that the transition between the optical wall cylindrical waveguide L1 and the horn waveguide is smooth, and the generation of high-order modes is reduced.
  • optical wall referred to in the embodiment of the invention means that the inner wall of the waveguide is smooth.
  • the inner diameters D2 and D3 of the input port surface and the output port surface of the main mode converter L3 need to be carefully selected, especially three excitation diaphragms 10 of the same size are introduced at D3 to excite the higher order mode.
  • the HE 21 mode so the size of D3 must be chosen such that the higher order mode HE 21 mode can be excited and propagated.
  • the relative size of the high-order mode HE 21 mode amplitude and the main mode HE 11 mode can be controlled, and by selecting the lengths of L1, L2, L3, and L4, the high-order mode HE 21 mode can be controlled.
  • the relative phase size of the main mode HE 11 mode propagating to the mouth surface of the horn radiating waveguide L4 is such that the required preset relationship is satisfied, and the purpose of reducing the cross polarization level of the single bias parabolic antenna can be achieved.
  • an antenna which is a single-biased parabolic antenna with poor cross-polarization characteristics.
  • the antenna adopts the corrugated horn feed in the first embodiment.
  • the corrugated horn feed reduces the cross-polarization level of the asymmetric surface of the single-bias parabolic antenna by introducing a high-order mode, and effectively improves the cross-polarization performance of the single-biased parabolic antenna.
  • the above technical solution reduces the cross-polarization level of the asymmetric surface of the single-biased parabolic antenna, effectively improves the cross-polarization performance of the single-biased parabolic antenna, and enables the single-biased parabolic antenna to be applied to the C-band satellite communication system;
  • the above technical solution reduces the size of the corrugated horn feed, and has the remarkable features of simple structure, small size and low cost compared with the conventional corrugated horn feed, and can be applied to the Ku-band satellite communication system.

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Abstract

一种天线及其波纹喇叭馈源。所述波纹喇叭馈源包括模式转换器，所述模式转换器的内壁设置有多个激励膜片，所述多个激励膜片位于同一孔径面上，设置为激励高次模，在所述模式转换器的口面处，所述高次模与主模的相对幅度和相对相位满足预设的关系。上述技术方案通过引入平时所不希望的高次模来降低单偏置抛物面天线非对称面的交叉极化水平，有效改善了单偏置抛物面天线的交叉极化性能。

Description

一种天线及其波纹喇叭馈源 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别是涉及一种天线及其波纹喇叭馈源。
背景技术
单偏置抛物面天线由于避免了馈源遮挡，具有口面效率高、低旁瓣、馈源与反射面之间电气隔离性能好等优点，因此得到广泛地应用。但是由于单偏置面结构破坏了天线结构的对称性，使单偏置反射面天线有一个很严重的缺点，这种缺点造成交叉极化值上升，即：当用线极化特性很好的馈源照射反射面时，天线的辐射场在非对称平面呈现出很差的交叉极化特性，这种情况在卫星通信天线中是不允许出现的。正是这个原因，限制了单偏置抛物面天线的实际应用。
为了克服单偏置反射面天线交叉极化特性差这一缺点，一般采用加大反射面的焦径比(f/D)的措施，这是因为交叉极化值与f/D的平方呈反比。但是随着f/D的增大，天线的结构实现难度也增大，并且由于天线的纵向尺寸增大，其性能难以保证，更不利于单偏置抛物面天线在车载站等位置的使用。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种天线及其波纹喇叭馈源，用以解决天线交叉极化特性差的问题，并保证天线的性能，便于实际应用。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供一种波纹喇叭馈源，包括模式转换器，所述模式转换器为喇叭形状，内壁具有波纹形式的径向直槽，所述模式转换器的内壁设置有多个激励膜片，所述多个激励膜片位于同一孔径面上，设置为激励高次模，在所述模式转换器的口面处，所述高次模与主模的相对幅度和相对相位满足预设的关系。
上述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中所述模式转换器分为主模模式转换器和喇叭 辐射波导，在主模的传播方向上，所述喇叭辐射波导位于所述主模模式转换器的后方；
所述喇叭辐射波导的张角大于所述主模模式转换器的张角。
上述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述喇叭辐射波导的张角为20°～50°。
上述的波纹喇叭馈源，所述波纹喇叭馈源还包括：
主模激励波导，设置为激励主模波，并传输至所述模式转换器。
上述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述主模激励波导为光壁圆柱波导。
上述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述波纹喇叭馈源还包括：
主模截止波导，设置为限制主模的传播方向，使得主模传输至所述模式转换器。
上述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述主模截止波导为光壁圆台波导，且在主模的传播方向上，所述光壁圆台波导的较小口面位于较大口面的后方。
上述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述多个激励膜片等间距分布。
上述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述多个激励膜片的尺寸相同。
本发明实施例还提供一种天线，采用如上所述的波纹喇叭馈源。
本发明实施例的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：
上述技术方案中，波纹喇叭馈源通过引入高次模来降低单偏置抛物面天线非对称面的交叉极化水平，有效改善了单偏置抛物面天线的交叉极化性能，使其能够应用于C波段卫星通信系统中；并且，应用了大张角的辐射波导，缩小了波纹喇叭馈源的尺寸，相较于传统的波纹喇叭馈源，具有结构简单，尺寸小，成本低等显著特点，能够应用于Ku波段的卫星通信系统中。
附图概述
图1表示本发明实施例中波纹喇叭馈源的主视图；
图2表示本发明实施例中波纹喇叭馈源的俯视图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
本发明实施例的波纹喇叭馈源，通过引入高次模来降低单偏置抛物面天线非对称面的交叉极化水平，改善单偏置抛物面天线的交叉极化性能，使其能够应用于C波段卫星通信系统中。并且应用了大张角的喇叭辐射波导来缩小波纹喇叭馈源的尺寸，相较于传统的波纹喇叭馈源，本发明实施例的波纹喇叭馈源具有结构简单，尺寸小，成本低等显著特点，能够应用于Ku波段的卫星通信系统中。
下面将结合附图，对本发明实施例作详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例一
图1表示本发明实施例中波纹喇叭馈源的主视图，图2表示本发明实施例中波纹喇叭馈源的俯视图。
结合图1和图2所示，本发明实施例中的波纹喇叭馈源包括模式转换器。所述模式转换器设置为将主模TE11模转换为喇叭波导内的主模HE11模，然后从其口面辐射出去。所述模式转换器的结构为喇叭形状，内壁具有波纹形式的径向直槽11。
在所述模式转换器的内壁设置有多个激励膜片10，其中，多个激励膜片10位于同一孔径面上，设置为激励高次模HE21模，在传播到所述模式转换器的口面时，所述高次模HE21模与主模HE11模的相对幅度和相对相位满足预设的关系，以降低单偏置抛物面天线非对称面的交叉极化水平，改善单偏置抛物面天线的交叉极化性能。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中模式转换器的口面是指喇叭的较大口面，即，喇叭的较大开口所在的区域。经过所述模式转换器转换得到的主模HE11模和激励膜片10激励的高次模HE21模从该口面处辐射出去。模式转换器的孔径面是喇叭的孔径所在的平面，垂直于喇叭的轴线，喇叭的口面一般平行于孔径面。
其中，当高次模HE21模相对于主模HE11模的幅度为-10～-20dB，相对相位 约为90°时，能够有效地降低单偏置反射面天线系统的交叉极化水平。
本发明实施例的波纹喇叭馈源，通过引入高次模来降低单偏置抛物面天线非对称面的交叉极化水平，有效改善了单偏置抛物面天线的交叉极化性能。
如图1所示，本发明实施例中，激励膜片10位于所述模式转换器的同一孔径面，将所述模式转换器分为主模模式转换器L3和喇叭辐射波导L4，在主模HE11模的传播方向上，喇叭辐射波导L4位于主模模式转换器L3的后方。其中，喇叭辐射波导L4的张角大于主模模式转换器L3的张角。可选的，喇叭辐射波导L4为大张角的喇叭结构，其张角范围为20°～50°。大张角结构的喇叭辐射波导L4可以减少径向直槽11的个数，使得整个波纹喇叭馈源的尺寸得到了最小化，能够应用于Ku波段的卫星通信系统中。相对于传统的波纹喇叭馈源动辄几十个径向直槽的情况，本发明实施例精简了波纹喇叭馈源的结构，并且可以适当增加径向直槽11的宽度，大大降低了加工的难度。
本发明实施例的波纹喇叭馈源应用了大张角的喇叭辐射波导，缩小了波纹喇叭馈源的尺寸，相较于传统的波纹喇叭馈源，具有结构简单，尺寸小，成本低等显著特点。
可选地，多个激励膜片10等间距分布，使得激励的高次模均匀分布。
可选地，多个激励膜片10尺寸相同，使得激励的高次模均匀分布。
一般地，波纹喇叭馈源包括三个部分：1.主模激励波导L1：主模TE11模的输入端；2.模式转换器：喇叭辐射波导内的主模HE11模的激发和传输；3.喇叭辐射波导：主模HE11模从喇叭辐射波导的口面辐射出去。其中，主模激励波导通常采用探针激励、孔激励、波导激励或这些激励的混合。
本实施例中设置主模激励波导L1为光壁圆柱波导，其内壁光滑，内径为D1。
可选地，为了使主模TE11模得到更充分得传输，本实施例中的波纹喇叭馈源还包括主模截止波导L2，设置为限制主模TE11模的传播方向，使得主模TE11模充分传输至所述模式转换器的主模模式转换器L3。
由于光壁圆柱波导L1为均匀波导，喇叭波导和均匀波导之间如果过渡的不够平滑，会产生高次模。因此，为使得主模TE11模得到更充分的传输，还需 尽可能产生少的高次模。为了实现上述目的，设置主模截止波导L2为光壁圆台波导，为了实现主模TE11模的向前传播，在主模TE11模的传播方向上，光壁圆锥波导L3的较小口面位于较大口面的后方。其中，光壁圆台波导L3的口面为其开口所在的区域。光壁圆台波导L3的内壁光滑，使得光壁圆柱波导L1和喇叭波导之间过渡平滑，减少了高次模的产生。
本发明实施例中涉及的光壁是指波导的内壁光滑。
在实际应用过程中，需要精心选择主模模式转换器L3的输入口面和输出口面的内径D2和D3，尤其是在D3处引入了三个相同尺寸的激励膜片10来激励高次模HE21模，所以D3的大小选择必须使得高次模HE21模能够激励和传播。通过精心选择激励膜片11的尺寸可以控制高次模HE21模幅度与主模HE11模的相对大小，而选择L1、L2、L3和L4的长度，则可以控制高次模HE21模和主模HE11模传播到喇叭辐射波导L4口面上的相对相位大小，使其满足所需要的预设关系，便可以达到降低单偏置抛物面天线交叉极化水平的目的。
实施例二
本发明实施例中提供一种天线，为交叉极化特性差的单偏置抛物面天线。所述天线采用实施例一中的波纹喇叭馈源。
所述波纹喇叭馈源通过引入高次模来降低单偏置抛物面天线非对称面的交叉极化水平，有效改善了单偏置抛物面天线的交叉极化性能。
以上所述仅是本发明的可选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和替换，这些改进和替换也应视为本发明的保护范围。
工业实用性
上述技术方案降低了单偏置抛物面天线非对称面的交叉极化水平，有效改善了单偏置抛物面天线的交叉极化性能，使单偏置抛物面天线能够应用于C波段卫星通信系统中；并且，上述技术方案缩小了波纹喇叭馈源的尺寸，相较于传统的波纹喇叭馈源，具有结构简单，尺寸小，成本低等显著特点，能够应用于Ku波段的卫星通信系统中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种波纹喇叭馈源，包括模式转换器，所述模式转换器为喇叭形状，内壁具有波纹形式的径向直槽，
    所述模式转换器的内壁设置有多个激励膜片，所述多个激励膜片位于同一孔径面上，设置为激励高次模，在所述模式转换器的口面处，所述高次模与主模的相对幅度和相对相位满足预设的关系。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述模式转换器分为主模模式转换器和喇叭辐射波导，在主模的传播方向上，所述喇叭辐射波导位于所述主模模式转换器的后方；
    所述喇叭辐射波导的张角大于所述主模模式转换器的张角。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述喇叭辐射波导的张角为20°～50°。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的波纹喇叭馈源，所述波纹喇叭馈源还包括：
    主模激励波导，设置为激励主模，并传输至所述模式转换器。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述主模激励波导为光壁圆柱波导。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的波纹喇叭馈源，所述波纹喇叭馈源还包括：
    主模截止波导，设置为限制主模的传播方向，使得主模传输至所述模式转换器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述主模截止波导为光壁圆台波导，且在主模的传播方向上，所述光壁圆台波导的较小口面位于较大口面的后方。
  8. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述多个激励膜片等间距分布。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的波纹喇叭馈源，其中，所述多个激励膜片的尺寸相同。
  10. 一种天线，包括权利要求1-9任一项所述的波纹喇叭馈源。
PCT/CN2015/073566 2014-04-22 2015-03-03 一种天线及其波纹喇叭馈源 WO2015161718A1 (zh)

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CN112615161A (zh) * 2020-12-08 2021-04-06 中国科学院新疆天文台 一种7毫米波段宽带小张角赋形波纹喇叭馈源
CN112615162B (zh) * 2020-12-14 2021-10-22 西安电子科技大学 一种共口径三频多模喇叭天线

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