WO2015157783A2 - Circuit électronique de gradation d'une lampe - Google Patents

Circuit électronique de gradation d'une lampe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015157783A2
WO2015157783A2 PCT/ZA2014/000063 ZA2014000063W WO2015157783A2 WO 2015157783 A2 WO2015157783 A2 WO 2015157783A2 ZA 2014000063 W ZA2014000063 W ZA 2014000063W WO 2015157783 A2 WO2015157783 A2 WO 2015157783A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electronic circuit
circuit means
means according
dimmer
active component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ZA2014/000063
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2015157783A3 (fr
Inventor
Riccardo Arthur De Wet
Daniel Alfonso CORTE CABRERA
Original Assignee
Caelus Lighting (Pty) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caelus Lighting (Pty) Ltd filed Critical Caelus Lighting (Pty) Ltd
Publication of WO2015157783A2 publication Critical patent/WO2015157783A2/fr
Publication of WO2015157783A3 publication Critical patent/WO2015157783A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
    • H05B39/04—Controlling
    • H05B39/08—Controlling by shifting phase of trigger voltage applied to gas-filled controlling tubes also in controlled semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B35/00—Electric light sources using a combination of different types of light generation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light

Definitions

  • the invention generally in t e field of power control of domestic and industrial luminaries of old and next generation technologies. More specifically the invention refers to an electronic circuit means for dimming a lamp-.
  • Dimmers for incandescent lamps have been available in the marketplace for several decades now, and although rather noisy and prone to mechanical and electrical failure, have been the most accepted -albeit restricted- price/performance option for the general public.
  • This basic kind of dimmers have as their core-control element a specific designed electronic gated-switching device (a semiconductor thyhstor) commonly named as a "TRIAG".
  • a specific designed electronic gated-switching device a semiconductor thyhstor
  • This inac is generally made to .switch on and off the load at certain angle of the AC mains cycle by a simple R-C delay network loosely reference to the points of its reverse voltage polarity change, or so called "zero-crossing".
  • the light source of incandescent lamps are generally made of a material ("tungsten") with- the physical properties of a linear resistive element: means that, when a certain instantaneous voltage Is applied to them, an Instantaneous directly proportional currant Is generated across the light-emitting element and with a co-related phase of that of the applied voltage, thus voltage and current are always "m-phase".
  • the load-element converts the exciting electrical AC energy into heat and light whose power delivery is averaged fairly well by its highly resistive native properties, therefore a smooth transition of lumen. Intensity can be expected across the full range of different settings of the iriae-based, also called "phase-cut" dimmer.
  • other kinds of lamps have become popular, namely fluorescent lamps (F-L) and, lately, the high-power light-emitting diodes (LED-L) lamps. Both these lamps are no longer made of a simple, single resistive element but consists of several components (sometimes a few dozen) with very different and disparate electrical properties themselves. Therefore, the total ' load that they present to the AC sinusoidal supply is very different from the "simplex" behaviour of a pure resistor.
  • the voltage and current waves are in perfect sync, and ail the energy that is supplied is consumed by the bad (the PF of a purely resistive load is equal to 1).
  • the voltages and current waves are "out-of-step", and only part of the energy supplied Is consumed by the load, the rest being cyclically absorbed then reflected back, at the frequency of the AC supply (in standard reticulation distribution, meaning 50 or BO Hz).
  • a purely inductive or purely capacitive load results in a relative phase- shift of minus/plus 90 degrees and a PF ⁇ 0;
  • Purely inductive or pure capacitive loads consume no power on average, but merely cyclically absorb and reflect the input, power totally, Importantly then, the closer the PF is to 0, the less real power is available in the load transducer circuit to do work efficiently.
  • Phase-cut dimmers are generall not suitable for dimming these "poor” PF lamps.
  • This phase-cut type of dimmer is advanced, It greatly distorts the incoming voltage wave-front progressively, and the higher harmonics elements so generated tend to increase even further the original reactance value-part of the load (at the nominal mains frequency), which leads to an even grate V/1: phase- shift, a dramatic reduction of the originaily inherent “poor” PF that this type of lamps have, and finally, an ncreased loss of the real available power.
  • This "vicious-circle” manifest itself as mild to severe flickering of the lamps as the dimmer control is advanced, and is most-evident when attempting to dim them below 50% (of their nominal maximum power output).
  • the object of the present Invention is to provide electronic means to control the luminance of the standard, so-called ' ' "non-dimmabie” tamps, in a fashion that is simple, reliable and cost-effective. It will be highly desirable If the consumer could bu "off-the-shelf non-dimmable lamps to be used with a better- engineered centralized dimmer thai is common " to all kinds- of different generation luminaries present in one room and that could be generally available as a. good price/performance alternative against the cost of upgrading to multiple, costly premium-priced "dimmable” lamps.
  • the Invention provides a general purpose dimmer with an inherently Improved power factor (PF) over any of the present phase-cut variety, said dimmer being configured to appear to the incoming sinusoidal energy as progressively more "resistive" as the dimmer is advanced and it further restricts the power through It
  • PF power factor
  • the Invention provides a dynamtc-adaptive-resisllve-behaviour at the core of its power-factor compensation technique as described below and illustrates In the examples that follow.
  • the general purpose dimmer may thus include a hybrid Power Facto Correction (RFC) network having two parts
  • the network may act at the source of the power.
  • the passive or static RFC may be embodied by a permanent fixed resistor of a relative high value placed In parallel with the load port of the dimmer. This may give the new dimmer a better overall resistive-load character that mainly acts as a starting RF improving device when the dimmer is generally not advanced (typically right after power-up) and there is no initial significant restriction of the current delivered to the load through it.
  • the active or dynamic PFG may be embodied by a senslng-adapiiye-swlfchmg network of active and passive components, placed in parallel with the toad port of the dimmer, so that it acts to bring a progressive-compensation PF-correction effect, as the dimmer is progressively advanced, restricting more and more the power delivery to the load.
  • an electronic circuit means for improving a power factor of a load In response to a dimmer, in particular during dimming of a lamp with a variable phase cut dimmer, Is provided.
  • the electronic circuit means comprises network, which is connected parallel to the dimmer and the load, including a static part and a dynamic part, wherein the dynamic part Is embodied by a network of active and passive components being placed in parallel with the load and restricting the power delivery to the load as the dimmer Is progressively advanced.
  • the static pari may be embodied by a resistor.
  • the resistor of the static part may be selected in the range between IDkQ and 1 Mil, preferably in the range between iOOkO and SOOkO.
  • the network of the dynamic part may include a first active component with a first power resistor and a second active component with a second power resistor which are controlled so as to distribute the current through the respective power resistors according to a voltage at the output port of the dimmer.
  • the voltage at the output port of the dimmer may be rectified by a rectifier preferably by a full-diode bridge so as to retrieve a peak voltage.
  • a control voltage may be formed from the peak voltage, which is connected to a distrage-divkllng network.
  • the output of the voltage-dividing network may be connected to a first terminal of zener diode.
  • a second terminal of the zener diode may be connected to a control terminal of the second active component.
  • a control terminal of the first active component may be connected to the second power resistor and the second active component.
  • the first power resistor may be connected to the second power resistor and the first active component.
  • the first active component may be formed as a bipolar transistor.
  • the second active component may be formed as a FET.
  • the first power resistor may be selected with a resistivity being lower than the resistivity of the second power resistor.
  • the voltage divider may he designed as such that the zene diode Inverse- blocking voltage value is broken for high voltages at the output port of the dimmer.
  • the first active component may be conductiv for low voltages at the output port of the dimmer.
  • the second active component may foe conductiv for high voltages at the output port of the dimmer.
  • the first active component: and the second active component may foe conductive for intermediate voltages at the output port of the dimmer.
  • the dynamic par may be connected to a change-over switch so as to select AC- driven or DC-driven loads.
  • a DC-link may be included between the dynamic part and the change-over switch.
  • the DC-link may comprise a diode and a, preferably polarised, capacitor.
  • Figure 1 depicts a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 depicts the schematic diagram of Fig. 1 in more detail.
  • Figure 3 depicts the schematic diagram of Fig. 2 in more detail.
  • Figure 4 depicts schematic diagram of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • this hybrid network have two parts: one "passive” or “static” and other thai is “active” or “dynamic”.
  • the passive/static part (3) is embodied b a permanent fixed resistor of a relative high value placed- in parallel ' with the load port of the new dimmer according to the present Invention. This gives the new dimmer a better overall resists ve-ioad character that mainly acts as a starting PF improving device when the dimmer is generally not advanced (typically right after power-up) and there is no initial significant restriction of the current delivered to the load through It.
  • the active/dynamic part (4) is embodied by a senslng-adaptive-swltching network of active and passive components, placed In parallel with the load port of the new dimmer, that acts to bring a "progressive-compensation PF-correction" effect, as the dimmer is progressively advanced, restricting more and more the power delivery to the load.
  • the passive/static embodiment part (3) Is a single resistor (5), Being in the lower 100's of kilo-ohms value ' ,- it does not need to be of a very high wattage rating, although it can, at times, be subjected to the full amplitude of the AC incoming voltage, and as such has to be rated accordingly (but not more than 2 watts, approximately).
  • the active/dynamic, part (4) functions as follows:
  • the AC output voltage is tlrsf rectified by a full-diode bridge (10) to retrieve the said peak voltage.
  • a control voltage is formed from this point and is sensed by the voltage-dividing network (11) and (12). A proportion of the control voltage is therefore applied to the anode of a low-voltage value zener diode ( 3).
  • the voltage divider is designed as such that the proportional sampled voltage is of such instantaneous magnitude that breaks the zener diode (13) inverse-blocking voltage value most of the time.
  • the bipolar transistor (6) has, a well, its base terminal at near common potential and it is in a non-conductive state most of the time. And most- of the time the "adaptive resistive network" formed by the series of a lower (8) and a higher- value resisto (9) is of a total HIGH K-ohm- magnitude.
  • the voltage divider Is designed such that the proportional sampled voltage is of such instantaneous magnitude that DOES NOT breaks the zener diode ⁇ 13 ⁇ inverse- blocking voltage value most of the time.
  • the FET transistor (7) is in an OFF state and its drain terminal Is MOT near or at the OV potential (or "return” O "common") of the adaptive embodiment (e).
  • the bipolar transistor (8) does NOT have, as well, its base term in a 1 at near common potential and it is now in a conductive state most of the time (if not permanently ON).
  • the "adaptive resistive network" formed by the series of a lower (8) and a higher-value resistor (9) is now of a total LOW -onm magnitude.
  • a further variation of the present invention is the integration of a smoothing Delink (14) and switch-over ⁇ 15 ⁇ stages that improves the stability of CFL at low levels of dimming and also eaters for those lamps that require to be supplied with a DC voltage,
  • the smoothing DC-link is realized by an Isolation rectifier diode (16) and polarized capacitor (17), The values of these components are rated according to the different stated maximum power capacity (“wattage”) of the universal dimmers embodiments and therefore must be specified accordingly,
  • a double-pole double-throw change-over switch (18) can select the different application lamps, AC-djiven (position "A"), or DC-dhven (position "8").
  • an equalizer power resistor of a few Kilo- 25 ohms (19) is permanently attached as a constant resistive load to the DC-link.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un circuit électronique permettant d'améliorer un facteur de puissance d'une charge en réponse à un gradateur de lumière, en particulier pendant la gradation d'une lampe avec un variateur à coupure de phase variable. Le circuit électronique comprend un réseau, qui est connecté en parallèle au gradateur et à la charge, comportant une partie statique et une partie dynamique, la partie dynamique étant réalisée par un réseau de composants actifs et passifs placés en parallèle sur la charge et atténuant la fourniture d'énergie à la charge lorsque le gradateur est progressivement avancé.
PCT/ZA2014/000063 2014-04-11 2014-11-04 Circuit électronique de gradation d'une lampe WO2015157783A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA201402642 2014-04-11
ZA2014/02642 2014-04-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015157783A2 true WO2015157783A2 (fr) 2015-10-15
WO2015157783A3 WO2015157783A3 (fr) 2016-04-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ZA2014/000063 WO2015157783A2 (fr) 2014-04-11 2014-11-04 Circuit électronique de gradation d'une lampe

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WO (1) WO2015157783A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080203934A1 (en) * 2005-05-09 2008-08-28 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Method and Circuit for Enabling Dimming Using Triac Dimmer
US8441210B2 (en) * 2006-01-20 2013-05-14 Point Somee Limited Liability Company Adaptive current regulation for solid state lighting
WO2008059308A1 (fr) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Daniel Alfonso Corte Moyen de circuit électronique pour augmenter la capacité de variation de lampes fluorescentes en utilisant des variateurs standard
US8829812B2 (en) * 2008-04-04 2014-09-09 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Dimmable lighting system
EP2257124B1 (fr) * 2009-05-29 2018-01-24 Silergy Corp. Circuit de connexion d'un circuit d'éclairage basse consommation à un variateur
US8648547B2 (en) * 2009-11-09 2014-02-11 Uni-Light Llc High efficiency LED lighting
EP2754334A1 (fr) * 2011-09-06 2014-07-16 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Dispositif pour améliorer la compatibilité de sources de lumière à semi-conducteur avec des gradateurs à coupure de phase
US20130257297A1 (en) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-03 Ge Hungary Kft. Lamp comprising high-efficiency light devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015157783A3 (fr) 2016-04-21

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