WO2015152756A1 - Способ модификации и доставки расклинивающего наполнителя при скважинных операциях - Google Patents
Способ модификации и доставки расклинивающего наполнителя при скважинных операциях Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015152756A1 WO2015152756A1 PCT/RU2014/000234 RU2014000234W WO2015152756A1 WO 2015152756 A1 WO2015152756 A1 WO 2015152756A1 RU 2014000234 W RU2014000234 W RU 2014000234W WO 2015152756 A1 WO2015152756 A1 WO 2015152756A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- proppant
- emulsion
- particles
- processing material
- suspension
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 144
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000007835 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Species 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006237 degradable polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 34
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxosilane oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[K+].[K+].O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O YGANSGVIUGARFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002732 Polyanhydride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 poliefiroamidy Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002463 poly(p-dioxanone) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000622 polydioxanone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001710 Polyorthoester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001308 poly(aminoacid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000218 poly(hydroxyvalerate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000141 poly(maleic anhydride) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002721 polycyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004633 polyglycolic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004441 surface measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/80—Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
- C09K8/805—Coated proppants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/80—Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/70—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. foams
- C09K8/703—Foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/92—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/92—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
- C09K8/94—Foams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/04—Gravelling of wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/08—Fiber-containing well treatment fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/30—Viscoelastic surfactants [VES]
Definitions
- the present disclosure is applicable in the oil and gas industry and relates to techniques for modifying and delivering proppants (proppants) during downhole operations used, in particular, during hydraulic fracturing or when creating gravel packs. More specifically, the disclosure relates to methods for modifying a proppant surface and delivering it with an emulsified processing material, for example, when proppant is delivered to remote fracture zones in the space of branched deep cracks or cracks in complex layered formations.
- Hydraulic fracturing is a complex process with many associated phenomena. Fracturing operations depend on natural and man-made conditions. Methods for preparing a wellbore (for example, drilling, strengthening, perforation) significantly affect the process of occurrence and propagation of cracks deep into the rock. The occurrence and propagation of cracks in the near-stem zone significantly affects the geometry of cracks in the far zone of the formation. (In this case, the far zone refers to a distance of more than 30 m from the wellbore). Porosity, permeability and saturation of the formation, as well as the presence of in-situ pore fluids also affect the results of hydraulic fracturing.
- the present invention describes a similar improvement, namely, a decrease in the proppant sedimentation rate during delivery to remote areas of the fracture system.
- One of the embodiments of the present invention relates to a method for modifying the surface of the proppant during downhole operations, including:
- the emulsified processing material has a specific gravity less than the specific gravity of the proppant particles; proppant has a specific gravity of less than 3800 kg / m 3 and a maximum particle size of less than 0.5 mm; proppant particles material is typically selected from the list: ceramic proppant, resin coated proppant, sand, silica, zeolite, talc, mica, fly ash or other finely divided solid material; particularly suitable for the purposes of the invention are lamellar materials; the proppant is a hydrophobic or hydrophilic material, or the surface of the proppant is changed in the direction of hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity; the proppant concentration in the suspension is selected such that after the crack closes, a partial proppant monolayer in the crack is formed; the carrier fluid includes, for example, a linear guar gel, a crosslinked gel, a solution of a water-soluble polymer, for example polyacrylamide, and a viscoe
- the emulsion droplets have an affinity for the proppant; the emulsion is produced directly at the drilling site; proppant slurry is formed when the emulsion of the processing material is injected into the well; emulsion droplets interact with the surface of the proppant particles or other particles; in the well there is a circulation (inversion) of the emulsion; a substance is added to the injected suspension, which facilitates the circulation of the emulsion before, during, or after injection; the average droplet size of the emulsion is in the range from 1 micron to the size of the proppant (proppant); proppant has a resin coating; the emulsion is stabilized.
- the present invention also relates to a method for delivering proppant into a subterranean formation, comprising:
- the present invention also relates to a method of hydraulic fracturing, including:
- the present invention also relates to a gravel packing method, comprising:
- Figure 1 shows a particle of proppant with lamellar geometry; part of the particle’s area is covered with material deposited from emulsion droplets.
- Figure 2 shows a proppant particle with plate geometry, emulsion droplets are adsorbed on the surface of the particles.
- FIG. 3 shows fibers and a platelet geometry proppant particle partially coated with a polymer or material having an affinity for dispersed fibers deposited from a destabilized emulsion.
- Figure 4 presents graphs of the deposition rate of mica particles in an aqueous medium and mica particles in a polylactic acid emulsion in an aqueous medium.
- Figure 5 presents graphs of the deposition rate of mica particles in an aqueous liquid, mica particles in a bitumen emulsion, and mica particles and fibers dispersed in a bitumen emulsion.
- the suspension of proppant particles and emulsions described in the present invention can also be used in other hydraulic fracturing operations (hydraulic fracturing) as proppants or as a material for gravel packing.
- hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing are combined into a single operation, while achieving stimulated production and annular gravel packing to reduce the removal of formation sand. Such operations are often referred to as bursting operations.
- the present invention is applicable to wells of any orientation.
- operations on the formation of gravel packing using the described method are preferably carried out for deviated and horizontal wells, for which there is the task of delivering solid particles to the desired location in the wellbore.
- the technology for forming a proppatn pack in long sections of an open trunk is described in [Oilfield Review, Summer 2001, pp. 52-73].
- a range of 1 to 10 means an indication of all possible numbers in a continuous set between approximately 1 and approximately 10.
- a certain range is given, even if several specific data points are indicated explicitly or implied within this range, or even if no data points are implied within this range, it should be borne in mind that the inventors take into account and understand that, without exception, all data points are considered as given, and that The second invention exhibit the full range and all points within the specified range.
- the present invention relates to a method for delivering proppant to a remote zone of a formation by interaction fine proppants and (or) other particles with an emulsion of the processing material in the fracturing fluid.
- the agent can be represented by conventional proppant, ground quartz or zeolite powder, talc, mica, fly ash, or other solids that can be pumped deep into the fracture using a fluid.
- the emulsion may contain dissolved polymers or other materials in emulsified form (with or without solvents).
- the interaction of the emulsion with the surface of the proppant or other particles may or may not be accompanied by circulation of the emulsion.
- the circulation (inversion) of the emulsion can occur due to contact of the emulsion with the surface of the proppant, or due to a change in temperature, shear stress in the liquid, or due to chemical exposure, for example, a change in pH.
- the improved transportation (delivery) of proppant particles (in other words, the reduced particle deposition rate in suspension) as a result of the deposition of a polymer or other material (e.g. bitumen) provides more efficient proppant delivery deep into the created crack, thereby allowing the far zone of the crack to be processed to a distance exceeding 30 meters from the wellbore.
- non-proppant particles e.g., fibers
- proppant particles e.g., fibers
- emulsion droplets depositing emulsion droplets on the surface of proppant particles
- non-proppant particles may be present in the fracturing fluid of the present invention at concentrations much lower than conventional fracturing operations, for example up to about 1.2 g / l (10 ppt), preferably at a concentration of up to about 0.6 g / l, which avoids the problem of clogging the particles of the suspension during the passage of the flow of the suspension through the crack, and also allows the delivery of proppant to the far zone.
- precipitation during the circulation of the emulsion leads to the formation of aggregates of particles, which provides a non-uniform distribution of proppant particles.
- Dissolved polymers or other materials present in the emulsion may be degradable polymers, for example, selected from the list of hydrolyzable polymers such as polyesters (polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and their copolymers), polyanhydrides, polydioxanones, polycaprolactones, or fat-soluble polymers (soluble in bite or vegetable oil).
- hydrolyzable polymers such as polyesters (polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and their copolymers), polyanhydrides, polydioxanones, polycaprolactones, or fat-soluble polymers (soluble in bite or vegetable oil).
- Suitable materials include polyglycolides, polylactides, polycaprolactones, politrimetilenkarbonaty, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyhydroxyvalerate, polydioxanones, polyorthoesters, polycarbonates, politirozinkarbonaty, polyorthocarbonates, polialkilenoksalaty, polialkilensuktsinaty, poliyablochnye acid, polymaleic anhydrides, polypeptides polidepsipeptidy, polyvinyl alcohol, poliefiroamidy, polyamides, polyanhydrides, polyurethanes, polyphosphazenes, polycyanoacrylates, polyfumarates, polyamino acids, modified polysaccharides, mod fied proteins and their copolymers, terpolymers, or combinations or mixtures of the above polymers.
- proppants of smaller sizes for example, sand, smaller than a sieve N ° 35 US, approximately 0.25 mm, and mainly smaller than a sieve j ⁇ ° 100 US, approximately 0.15 mm
- the particle deposition rate still remains high due to the use of low viscosity working fluids in extended cracks, for example, with a viscosity of less than 37 cP (viscosity was measured at a shear rate of 170 s "1 and a temperature of 21 ° C).
- Processing material may be degradable in the formation.
- fiber concentrations typically ranging from 2.4 to 4.8 g / l (20 to 40 ppt)
- the fracturing fluid has a viscosity (at least about 50 cP).
- this approach is not applicable for liquids with very low fiber concentrations and low viscosity, which are used to treat the far fracturing zone.
- bitumen is simply deposited on the surface of the proppant particles (for example, mica particles), so that the suspension remains moderately viscous and can be easily delivered to the well.
- the application [WO2010021563 A 1, 2010] describes the use of mica particles as proppant in the creation of extended fractures. The flat geometry of the mica particles and their low sedimentation helps to deliver them to distant sections of the fracture. Although in known methods for the delivery of finely dispersed proppant its deposition rate is reduced, the low viscosity of the gyro fracturing fluid still does not allow proppant to be delivered into branched cracks.
- the present invention provides a method for improving the proppant transport properties by modifying the proppant surface using emulsified materials.
- a method of using the emulsion to reduce the deposition rate of a suspension from proppant fibers is known from [WO2010087733 A1, 2010].
- the well-known source sets intervals for a high concentration of emulsified polymer to significantly reduce the deposition of traditional proppant (fractures with size, geometry and high viscosity of the fracturing fluid), while the concentration of dispersed fibers in the suspension is 20-40 ppt. This concentration is too high for many practical fracturing tasks.
- compositions, methods for producing and using the composition formed from a polymer acid precursor, at least partially dissolved in a dispersing solvent are described in the application [WO2008062332 A2, 2008].
- the application discloses a method of treating a formation through a wellbore comprising at least partially dissolving a solid polymer acid precursor in a dispersing solvent to form a polymer acid / solvent precursor solution and, alternatively, combining the polymer acid precursor and solvent with a predominant immiscible fluid ; this mixing of two different liquids leads to the formation of an emulsion.
- this solution (or emulsion) is pumped into the reservoir.
- the composition is used solely to deliver acid to the well.
- emulsions of hydrolyzable polymers are used, in which the internal phase of the emulsion contains both the hydrolyzable polymer, the thickener, and the organic solvent of the polymer. Further, the emulsion decomposes in a controlled manner at borehole temperature and pressure, which creates polymer drops that are necessary to change the surface properties of rock particles. A positive effect occurs due to the hydrolysis of the emulsified polymer. According to the present invention, it is desirable that the internal phase of the emulsion does not contain a polymer solvent or thickener. In the case of a degradable polymer, the processing material must fulfill its function before decomposition is completed, that is, before the operation is completed, the processing material is decomposed by no more than 50 percent, mainly not more than 80 percent.
- the PLA emulsions used for coatings and plasters are commercially available under the trade names LANDY PL-1000 (5 microns), LANDY PL-2000 (2 microns) and LANDY PL-3000 (1 microns) from Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co., Ltd .
- the LANDY PLA series is used as a waterproof coating and thermal patch.
- the published application [US20070298977 A1, 2007] describes methods for producing decomposable particles at a drilling site and methods for their use in underground operations. Uses include the following: adding decomposable particles to the fracturing fluid or fluid to create a gravel pack; in this case, the decomposition of particles creates voids in proppant packaging or in gravel packing. In other embodiments, the decomposition of particles produces a fluidizing agent for a viscous working fluid. Also, part of the decomposable particles can be used as an agent for diverting fluid flows, as a component of an additive to reduce fluid loss in a well or as part of cements.
- a method for producing particles includes preparing a mixture of a degradable polymer and a first solvent at a drilling site, followed by adding a decomposable mixture to the second solvent with a voltage shift in the liquid stream sufficient to convert the mixture of two liquids into an emulsion. After part of the first solvent is removed from the dispersed phase, decomposable polymer particles are formed, which creates a dispersion of solid particles in the continuous phase of the emulsion. In an intermediate step, emulsion formation is controlled by the addition of surfactants. The method of forming an intermediate emulsion can be used to obtain the emulsion of the present invention. In the present invention, the processing materials contained in the emulsion are in a dissolved state.
- Some sources of information describe the heterogeneous placement of solid particles (proppant) in downhole conditions [US20080135242 A1, 2008; WO2008068645 A1, 2008; PCT / RU 2006/000026; WO2007086771 A1, 2007; EP1977079 A1, 2008; US6776235 B1, 2004; WO2004009956 A1, 2004; EP1527255 A1, 2005; US7451812 A1, 2008].
- the patent [GB2433067 A, 2007] describes self-aggregation based on the treatment of proppant particles with amine and ether triphosphate, which react to form a coating on the entire (or part) of the surface, which increases the likelihood of particle agglomerates formation; the composition is used to cover proppant particles or the surface of rock particles during downhole operations.
- the patent [US7261157 A1, 2006] discloses a method for preventing the separation of two different types of proppants in one suspension, comprising the following steps: obtaining a mixture of a sticky aqueous composition and hydraulic fracturing fluid, creating a suspension by dispersing two different kinds of particles into the mixture, and pumping the resulting suspension into the subterranean formation. This procedure allows you to reduce unwanted separation of solid particles when injected into the desired section of the well. The tackifier is not in the form of an emulsion.
- patent [US7178596 A1, 2005] discloses a method for delivering a proppant, mixed with biodegradable material, using sticky coated proppants.
- the particles of the degradable material adhere (at least temporarily) to the proppant particles, which avoids the significant separation of the degradable material and proppants in suspension.
- the resulting suspension is pumped into the crack with the formation of a uniform package of proppant particles and degradable material.
- neither adhesive nor degradable materials are presented in the form of an emulsion.
- emulsions for downhole operations is well known in the art.
- emulsions can be used as a component of a drilling fluid because emulsion droplets provide improved vertical transfer of particles generated during rock drilling.
- Emulsions are also used to increase the viscosity of the fluid and to treat the near-trunk zone.
- the combination of the use of finely dispersed or coarse-grained proppant with the modification of the surface of the proppant during injection using emulsified degradable materials significantly reduces the rate of proppant sedimentation in suspension, and thus ensures its more efficient delivery to remote fracture zones and also contributes to inhomogeneous placement proppant by aggregation of particles.
- the proppant can be selected from the following list of materials: conventional proppant, silica powder, silica, zeolite, talc, mica, or other finely divided solid material that can be easily pumped by the carrier fluid deep into the fracture.
- proppant particles may be hydrophobic or hydrophilic, or chemically modified to produce similar properties.
- the maximum particle size of the proppant is less than 0.5 mm, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 0.25 mm.
- the proppant particles have a specific gravity of less than 3800 kg / m, preferably less than about 3000 kg / m 3 ; proppants with a low specific gravity, for example, less than about 2000 kg / m 3, are particularly suitable.
- proppant particles are lamellar in shape (such as, for example, mica particles). The use of mica, in particular, is described in the patent application [PCT / RU2008 / 000566].
- Mica is especially suitable for use as a proppant in cracks in the far zone; the shape of the mica particles and, as a consequence, the nature of their deposition, allows for more efficient delivery of proppant to the crack.
- the emulsion for use in the present invention may contain a polymer or other material in emulsified form with or without a solvent.
- the emulsion interacts with the surface of the proppant particles or other particles with or without inversion of the phases of the emulsion.
- the reversal (inversion) of the phases may occur due to the contact of the emulsion with the surface of the proppant particles or due to changes in temperature, shear or chemical exposure.
- Chemicals that initiate the circulation of the phases of the emulsion can be pumped before, during and / or after the injection of the emulsion.
- Improved transfer i.e., slow vertical deposition of suspension particles
- the proppant transfer can be improved by the interaction of other particles (e.g.
- non-proppant particles may be present in the fluid at significantly lower concentrations compared to conventional fracturing operations. For example, from about 0 to about 1.2 g / l (10 ppt) to avoid clogging problems and to ensure delivery of the agent to the far zone.
- the adsorption of droplets of the emulsion can lead to the formation of large aggregates of particles, which will provide a non-uniform placement of proppant in the fracture.
- the polymer or other material contained in the emulsion is degradable under formation conditions, for example, hydrolysable in wellbore fluid (e.g. polyesters, polyanhydrides and other polymers) or oil soluble (e.g. bitumen, waxes, organic fatty acids, petroleum jelly, tar, vegetable oil).
- wellbore fluid e.g. polyesters, polyanhydrides and other polymers
- oil soluble e.g. bitumen, waxes, organic fatty acids, petroleum jelly, tar, vegetable oil.
- An emulsion is a two-phase system comprising liquid droplets (dispersed phase / internal phase) dispersed in a dispersion medium (external phase) of another liquid. Drops can be stabilized with surfactants, which prevent droplets from merging and prevent phase separation. If the dispersion medium is water, the dispersed phase typically includes an organic solvent, which, in turn, may contain dissolved or partially dissolved polymer or other substances.
- the destruction of the surfactant layer between the two phases by chemical or physical action leads to the destruction of the emulsion, and the dispersed phase (including organic solvent, polymer, surfactant or other compounds) can be deposited on the existing contact surface, for example, on the surface of proppants or other particles.
- the dropping of the emulsion droplets on the surface of the solid particles can occur under the influence of initiating factors, and also simply due to the affinity of the droplets of the emulsion to the surface of the particles.
- the droplet size of the emulsion ranges from about 1 ⁇ m to the size of the proppant particles (for example, approximately 0.25 mm, as shown in the examples).
- a suitable concentration of dissolved polymer or other material in the dispersed phase of the emulsion is from zero to 90 weight. percent; mainly in the range from 5 to 70 weight. percent.
- the concentration of the dispersed phase of the emulsion, suitable for addition to the carrier fluid is from 20 to 95%, preferably from 50 to 90 percent of the volume.
- the final concentration of the dispersed phase in the carrier fluid is from 0.1 to 50 weight. percent, mainly from 0.2 to 2 weight. percent.
- the concentration of proppant in the suspension is dictated by the hydraulic fracturing procedure and, as a rule, is up to 8 pp and preferably less than 2 pp.
- the proppant concentration in the carrier fluid may be such that the final proppant concentration in the fracture results in the formation of less than one monolayer in the fracture.
- a suitable concentration of additionally added fibers may be up to 10 ppt. If mica particles are used as a proppant, the preferred fiber content is 4 to 6 ppt.
- a suitable viscosity range for the suspension is from 1 to 40 cP (from 10 "3 to 4x10 " 2 Pa s) (at a shear rate of 170 s * 1 ), preferably from 1 to 20 cP (from 10 '3 to 2x10 "2 Pa s) (at 170 s "1 ).
- the dispersion medium may contain, for example, a linear guar gel, a crosslinked gel, a solution of a water-soluble polymer (for example, polyacrylamide), and a viscoelastic surfactant, and may be saturated with gas or foam.
- a particularly effective way to form a final injection suspension including proppant particles and emulsions in the form of an aqueous dispersion medium, and drops of dissolved processing material (dispersed phase), is a controlled (controlled, dosed) addition of an emulsion, for example, a bitumen emulsion or polylactic acid emulsion ( PLA), into the fracturing fluid to create the final suspension (in this case, during the injection, the emulsion with water as an external phase is easily diluted with copulating fracturing fluid).
- an emulsion for example, a bitumen emulsion or polylactic acid emulsion ( PLA)
- PLA polylactic acid emulsion
- the interaction between the proppant and the emulsion can lead to a partial or complete coating of the surface of the particles with emulsified material (for example, polymer, bitumen, etc.) after the phases of the emulsion are reversed.
- emulsified material for example, polymer, bitumen, etc.
- Coating the surface of the particles [1] with the precipitated polymer [2] (or other material contained in the droplets of the emulsion), which has an affinity for the surface of the particles of the agent (as shown schematically in FIG. 1 for partial coating of the particle) leads to a sharp change in the nature of the deposition / transfer proppant particles, thereby reducing the deposition rate.
- bitumen emulsion For example, the interaction between a bitumen emulsion and the surface of mica particles occurs due to the attraction between charged particles (for example, mica particles that carry a negative charge on the surface) and droplets of an emulsion having an opposite charge on the surface (bitumen drops are stabilized by cationic surfactants). As a result, bitumen droplets are deposited on the surface of the mica plates. Drops of emulsion and proppant particles can be selected and modified to increase affinity.
- Fig. 3 schematically depicts this ternary system: sticky polymer micelles [5] (emulsion inversion) create strong adhesion between the fibers [4], which also leads to a random mesh structure including fibers and the inverse emulsion product, which supports proppants in suspension [1].
- Example 1 A reference sample of the suspension was prepared from 50 ml of water condensed with guar (2.4 g / l (20 ppt) guar) and 120 g / l (1 pp) of proppant mica particles (6 g of milled mica with an average particle size of less than 0.25 mm per 50 ml of gel). The viscosity of the suspension was 22 cP at 170 sec. "1. A standard muscovite purchased from Mikelco Specialties Limited (Great Britain) with a mica particle thickness of approximately 20-25 microns was used as a mica source.
- This material describes this material as highly split potassium dry aluminosilicate flocculent muscovite particles having a melting point of about 1300 ° C., a specific gravity of about 2.8 and a pH of about 9, forming a 10% suspension in water. Particles that are flexible, elastic, and the same has a high ratio of lateral size to thickness. Size distribution of muscovite particles (MD250): 99.9 percent less than 250 microns, 10-50 percent less than 125 microns, and 0-15 percent particles less than 63 microns.
- the water-based suspension tested was prepared from 50 ml of the same guar gel as the reference sample pre-mixed with 5 percent volume of polylactic acid emulsion (PLA) (2.5 ml, LANDY PL-1000 emulsion purchased from Mioshi Oil and Fet Co., Ltd. ", (Tokyo, Japan)).
- PPA polylactic acid emulsion
- the added mica powder 120 g / l -1 PPA
- Both the suspension sample was simultaneously placed in two 50 ml graduated glass cylinders and the volume of the clear liquid formed above the proppant was measured as a function of time. The deposition of particles of the suspension was calculated by the formula:
- Vt is the total volume of the suspension
- V ⁇ OO is the volume occupied by the proppant at 100 percent deposition (measured by placing a dry agent without suspension in the cylinder)
- V cf is the volume of the clear liquid above the proppant. Test accuracy exceeded ⁇ 5%.
- the solid curve 1 in FIG. 4 shows the deposition process of a suspension of mica in a water-based gel.
- Dotted curve 2 in FIG. 4 shows the precipitation of a mica suspension in the same gel, but with the addition of a PLA emulsion in an amount of 5 volume percent.
- the proppant In a pure gel (without emulsion) the proppant has completely settled for 30 minutes; gel deposition in the second cylinder (with added emulsion) after 60 minutes reached only 56 percent.
- this type of suspension can be delivered to the fracture at a greater distance and with fewer settled proppants.
- the deposition rate of the reference sample was too high for continuous transport to remote areas of the crack.
- Example 2 The reference sample of the suspension, curve 1 in Fig. 5, was again prepared from 50 ml of water condensed with guar (2.4 g / l (20 ppt) guar) and 0.12 kg / l (1 pp) of proppant particles mica (6 g, MD250 muscovite plates with an average size of less than about 250 microns).
- the water-based suspension shown in curve 2 in FIG. 5 was prepared from 50 ml of the same gel, pre-mixed with 1 percent of the volume of bitumen emulsion (0.5 ml, standard cationic stabilized emulsion VES-2 from SibAvtoBan Ltd. ”, ( Russia)) and 0.12 kg / l (1 PPA) of the same mica.
- the VES-2 emulsion is stabilized by a cationic surfactant, belongs to the type of oil-in-water emulsion and contains 60% bitumen.
- Suspension on the water the base shown in curve 3 in FIG. 5 was prepared from 50 ml of the same gel, pre-mixed with 1 percent of the volume of the same bitumen emulsion, 0.12 kg / l (1 PPA) of the same mica and low concentration 0 6 g / L (5 ppt) (30 mg in 50 ml) of polymer fibers (PLA).
- the liquids were again prepared by vigorous stirring with a top drive mixer. Tests were carried out similar to the tests of example 1.
- bitumen emulsion in small quantities did not significantly affect the viscosity of the suspension (which was controlled mainly by the concentration of a linear guar gel).
- concentration of a linear guar gel concentration of a linear guar gel
- bitumen emulsion settled more slowly than the suspension without the emulsion, and also the fact that the suspension of mica with the addition of bitumen and fibers settled even more slowly.
- bitumen emulsion due to the charge on the particles of mica and (or) fibers, the emulsion reversed (phase reversal).
- the standard bitumen emulsion was stabilized with a cationic surfactant.
- Contact of bitumen with fibers and / or mica particles resulted in the deposition of drops of bitumen on the surface of mica particles.
- bitumen will dissolve during oil production (in emulsion or sediment), thereby providing a natural cleaning of the proppant package.
- the circulation of the phases of the emulsion can be achieved by other methods known in the art, for example, by changing the temperature, adding initiating agents, through the contact of the emulsion with structured highly developed surfaces, for example, porous surfaces, etc.
- suitable initiating agents depends on the method of stabilization of the particular emulsion.
- Suitable initiating agents can be represented by surfactants (cationic, anionic, nonionic), mutual solvents, such as 2-butoxyethanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methanol, multivalent cations, such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , etc., and anions such as carbonates and silicates.
- the initiating agent for the bitumen emulsion can be, for example, the surface of mica particles, carbonate ions and hydrocarbonates.
- 2-butoxyethanol is particularly effective.
- the suspension of mica particles lost their uniform volume distribution, and the particles agglomerated into islands with a diameter of about 0.5 cm, while leaving channels between the dense islands that are free for liquid flow.
- the method of modifying the proppant surface using an emulsified processing material presented in this description allows to reduce the deposition rate of proppant particles in the working fluid during downhole operations, thereby, in the case of hydraulic fracturing, to provide more efficient delivery of proppant deep into remote areas of the fracture, as well as heterogeneous proppant placement by particle aggregation, and in the case of gravel packing operations, maintain the proppant slurry circulation for equal measuring proppant deposition to the desired location in the wellbore.
- the proposed technical solutions are applicable in the oil and gas industry.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA2941681A CA2941681A1 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Method for modification and delivery of proppant during well operations, method for hydraulic fracturing and method for gravel packing |
PCT/RU2014/000234 WO2015152756A1 (ru) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Способ модификации и доставки расклинивающего наполнителя при скважинных операциях |
US15/300,059 US10351761B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Method for modification and delivery of proppant during well operations, method for hydraulic fracturing and method for gravel packing |
GB1615332.2A GB2540063A (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Method for modifying and delivering a propping agent during well operations |
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PCT/RU2014/000234 WO2015152756A1 (ru) | 2014-03-31 | 2014-03-31 | Способ модификации и доставки расклинивающего наполнителя при скважинных операциях |
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CN107446562A (zh) * | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种有机改性粉煤灰驱油剂及其制备方法 |
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CN106687560A (zh) | 2014-06-30 | 2017-05-17 | 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 | 复合支撑剂、生产复合支撑剂的方法及其使用方法 |
US20190316032A1 (en) * | 2018-02-20 | 2019-10-17 | Frac Force Technologies Llc | Dual-use, dual-function polyacrylamide proppant suspending agent for fluid transport of high concentrations of proppants |
US11274243B2 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2022-03-15 | Sunita Hydrocolloids Inc. | Friction reducers, fracturing fluid compositions and uses thereof |
US12054669B2 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2024-08-06 | Sunita Hydrocolloids Inc. | Friction reducers, fluid compositions and uses thereof |
US11746282B2 (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2023-09-05 | Sunita Hydrocolloids Inc. | Friction reducers, fracturing fluid compositions and uses thereof |
WO2020051123A1 (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2020-03-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Synthetic functionalized additives, methods of synthesizing, and methods of use |
US11414584B2 (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2022-08-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Viscosity supporting additive for water-based drilling and completions fluids |
US11898084B2 (en) | 2018-09-04 | 2024-02-13 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Suspension supporting additive for water-based drilling and completions fluids |
US11015113B1 (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-05-25 | Multi-Chem Group, Llc | Wet-coated proppant and methods of making and using same |
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RU2528648C2 (ru) | 2008-08-21 | 2014-09-20 | Шлюмберже Текноложи Б. В. | Способ обработки подземного пласта |
US20130161003A1 (en) | 2009-12-31 | 2013-06-27 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Proppant placement |
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- 2014-03-31 CA CA2941681A patent/CA2941681A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-31 GB GB1615332.2A patent/GB2540063A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-03-31 WO PCT/RU2014/000234 patent/WO2015152756A1/ru active Application Filing
- 2014-03-31 US US15/300,059 patent/US10351761B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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GB201615332D0 (en) | 2016-10-26 |
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