WO2015143822A1 - 一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法 Download PDF

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WO2015143822A1
WO2015143822A1 PCT/CN2014/084630 CN2014084630W WO2015143822A1 WO 2015143822 A1 WO2015143822 A1 WO 2015143822A1 CN 2014084630 W CN2014084630 W CN 2014084630W WO 2015143822 A1 WO2015143822 A1 WO 2015143822A1
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picture
length
individual
waterfowl
body size
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PCT/CN2014/084630
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English (en)
French (fr)
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卢立志
任晋东
李国勤
沈建良
田勇
李进军
陶争荣
沈军达
陈黎
王德前
徐坚
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浙江省农业科学院
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Priority to AU2014387886A priority Critical patent/AU2014387886B8/en
Publication of WO2015143822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015143822A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/1079—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof using optical or photographic means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2503/00—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals
    • A61B2503/40—Animals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the measurement of body size of poultry, in particular to the measuring method of body size of waterfowl ducks and geese, which is suitable for measuring the body size of water birds.
  • Body size measurement is a very important part of poultry breeding work, because body size can not only reflect the individual's meat and egg production performance to a certain extent, but also an important indicator of the difference between different varieties.
  • the main measurement method is based on the industry standard published in China, "The poultry production performance terminology and measurement statistics method" is measured by vernier calipers and tape measure, the unit is measured in centimeters, and the measured value is taken after the decimal point, but this method is In the case of poultry living body measurement, the measurement is inaccurate due to the difficulty of Baoding and the slidability of the subcutaneous tissue, and thus the difference between the same body measurement measured by different Baoding methods and measuring personnel for the same individual is caused.
  • the traditional method for measuring the water bird's body size is difficult to achieve the individual selection and selection of the individual due to the high work intensity, and the method also develops a decline in the production capacity of the test group due to the stimulation of the cultured poultry.
  • a more objective, fast and accurate measurement method is the basis for the development of poultry body size.
  • Each body measurement node such as the anterior and posterior end of the keel, the upper end of the humerus, etc., provides the necessary technical support for the measurement of the body size using the pictures of the individual poultry, plus the depth of the chest of the waterfowl, the length of the keel, and the length of the carp.
  • the measurement of the chest width and pelvic width is the linear distance between the two points of the body scale, which also provides a theoretical basis for the determination of the water bird body size image.
  • the method of measuring the body size of waterfowl using pictures can not only solve the objectivity of the traditional body measuring method, the human input and the emergency, but also greatly improve the efficiency and range of the body measuring.
  • Waterfowl breeding work provides better methodological tools.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring a body size of a water bird using a picture, which has the characteristics of being objective, accurate, repeatable, small in emergency, low in labor intensity, and low in application investment.
  • a method for measuring a body size of a water bird using a picture comprising the following steps:
  • Image scale proofreading step using a measuring tool to determine the actual length of the individual side view and the top view known length reference object and dividing it by the measured length in the picture to obtain the proofreading ratio of each picture;
  • Picture body measuring step using the measuring tool to sequentially measure the first thoracic vertebrae in the lateral picture of the waterfowl to the leading edge of the keel, the anterior segment of the keel to the end of the keel, the distance from the upper part of the ankle to the third to fourth toe, and use the alternative line to determine the figure.
  • the diameter of the middle part of the sputum and the length of the dorsal line were obtained.
  • the measured values of the chest depth, the length of the keel, the length of the sac, the diameter of the middle of the sputum, and the length of the back of the waterfowl were obtained.
  • the left end of the shoulder joint in the top view of the waterfowl was determined by using a measuring tool.
  • the right end of the shoulder joint, the left end of the waist angle to the right end of the waist angle, the measured chest width and pelvic width of the waterfowl individual are measured to complete the picture body measuring step;
  • the conversion step of the measured value of the individual body size picture and the actual measured value of the individual body size the individual body size chest depth, keel length, sputum length, dorsum length, chest width and pelvic width picture measured value multiplied by the proofreading ratio to obtain the individual chest depth
  • the actual measured value of the keel length, the length of the keel, the length of the back, the width of the chest and the width of the pelvis are measured by multiplying the measured value of the middle diameter of the middle of the ⁇ by the ratio of the circumference, and then multiplying the proofreading ratio to obtain the actual measured value of the individual body.
  • the step 1) the middle school contrast ratio is the actual length of the reference object divided by the length of the picture, and the formula is as follows:
  • the side view in the step 1) is a reference image taken on the left side of the body of the waterfowl and containing a reference object whose length is perpendicular to the ground.
  • the top view is taken in front of the back midline of the waterfowl body and includes a length parallel to the ground. Reference picture.
  • the present invention adopts the above technical solutions, and the beneficial effects are mainly manifested in:
  • the measurement of water body size data is more objective.
  • the use of pictures to determine the water body size can avoid the diversity of measurement results caused by the difference in measurement points;
  • the efficiency of the body measurement can be greatly improved.
  • the measurement of the individual body size which takes several days to complete, can be completed in a short time by the image measurement method, and is easy to interface with the existing measurement information technology. .
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the Taihu goose individual.
  • Figure 2 shows the top view of the Taihu Goose.
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the individual of Shaoxing Ma duck.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the individual of Shaoxing Ma duck.
  • FIG. 1 to 4 The reference numerals in Figures 1 to 4 are as follows: 1-first thoracic vertebra, 2-back line measurement trajectory, 3-ankle upper joint, 4-keel end, 5-reference, 6-keel anterior, 7-keel The leading edge, 8-inch middle diameter, 9-third fourth toe, 10- shoulder right end, 11-lumbar right end, 12-shoulder left end, 13-lumbar left end.
  • the utility model relates to a method for measuring a body size of a water bird by using a picture, which mainly comprises three steps of image scale proofreading, picture body size measurement and body size picture measurement value and actual measurement value conversion, the main feature is that the picture scale proofreading step comprises: using measurement The tool measures the actual length of the known length reference 5 in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig.
  • the picture body measuring step includes: using the measuring tool
  • the first thoracic vertebra 1 to the keel leading edge 7 in the waterfowl individual side view, the anterior segment of the keel 6 to the end of the keel 4, the supraorbital joint 3 to the third to the fourth toe, and the alternative line are measured.
  • the length of the middle diameter 8 and the back length of the middle ridge are measured.
  • the measured values of the chest depth, keel length, scorpion length, middle diameter and back length of the waterfowl are obtained.
  • the picture body measuring step; the measuring steps of the individual body size picture and the actual body size include: the individual body size chest depth, keel length, squat length, back length, chest width and pelvic width picture measured value multiplied by the proofreading ratio, obtained
  • the actual measured values of the six body measurements of the individual chest depth, keel length, sacral length, dorsum length, chest width and pelvis width are calculated by multiplying the measured value of the central sacral diameter by the pi, and then multiplying the proof ratio to obtain the individual sacral body. Actual measured value.
  • the picture-to-school contrast ratio is the actual value of the reference object length divided by the measured value of the picture.
  • the formula is as follows:
  • the actual measured value of the individual body size individual body size picture measurement value ⁇ proofreading ratio (2).
  • the actual measured value of the individual's circumference the measured value of the central diameter of the individual's circumference ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ proofreading ratio (3).
  • Equation (1) calculates the proofreading ratios for the side and top views of the individual to be 2.66757 and 3.62854, respectively.
  • Cm re-measurement tool to determine the left end of the shoulder joint in the top view of the waterfowl to the right end of the shoulder joint, the left end of the waist angle to the right end of the waist angle, the measured chest width and pelvic width of the measured individuals are 2.72cm and 1.64cm respectively.
  • Measurement item Picture measurement Corresponding picture proofreading ratio Actual measured value Thoracic depth 3.85 2.678571429 10.31 Long bone 4.49 2.678571429 12.03 Long 3.14 2.678571429 8.42 Back length 21.94 2.678571429 58.77 Surrounding 0.52 (diameter measured value) 2.678571429 4.38 Chest width 2.72 3.658536585 9.94 Pelvic width 1.64 3.658536585 6.01
  • Equation (1) calculates the proofreading ratios for the side and top views of the individual to be 2.72727 and 3.57143, respectively.
  • Cm re-measurement tool to determine the left shoulder of the waterfowl in the top view of the shoulder to the right end of the shoulder joint, the left end of the waist angle to the right end of the waist angle, the measured chest width and pelvic width of the measured individuals are 2.28cm and 1.77cm respectively.

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Abstract

一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法，包括以下步骤：1）图片比例尺校对步骤；2）图片体尺测定步骤；3）个体体尺图片测定值与个体体尺实际测定值的转换步骤。有益效果主要表现在：1、水禽体尺数据测定的更加客观，利用图片测定水禽体尺能够避免测定点认知的不同造成测定结果的多样性；2、节约人力资源；3、体尺测定结果更加准确。

Description

一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及家禽体尺测定，尤其是水禽鸭鹅体尺测定技术，适用于水禽体尺测定。
背景技术
体尺测定是家禽选育工作中非常重要的一部分，因为体尺不仅能够在一定程度反映个体的肉用和蛋用生产性能，而且也是不同品种区别的一个重要标志。目前主要的测定方法是根据中国2004年发布的行业标准《家禽生产性能名词术语和度量统计方法》通过游标卡尺和皮尺测量，单位以厘米计，测定值取小数点后一位做法，但是这种方法在进行家禽活体测定时往往会因为保定困难和皮下组织的滑动性等特点造成测定的不准确，进而造成不同保定方法和测定人员对于同一个体测定的同一体尺测定值之间存较大的差异，此外传统的水禽体尺测定方法由于工作强度大而很难做到每个个体的测定选育，而且该方法还因为对养殖家禽刺激大易造成测定群体生产能力的下降，为此开发一种能够更加客观、快速、准确的测定方法是开展家禽体尺选育的基础。
近年来随着高新图像采集技术的不断成熟和在养殖场广泛应用，从而提供了一种能够更加客观提供家禽养殖个体各个时期生长发育和生产的状态照片，而且这些照片能够清楚的看到家禽的各个体尺测定节点，如龙骨前后端，胫骨上端等这为利用家禽个体图片进行体尺测定提供必要的技术支持，再加上家禽体尺测定中的水禽体尺胸深、龙骨长、胫长、胸宽和骨盆宽测定是体尺外表两点的直线距离，这也为进行水禽体尺图像测定提供可能实现的理论依据。在这样的背景下开发利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法，不仅能够解决传统体尺测定方法的客观性、人力投入大和易应急等因素，而且能够大大的提高体尺测定的效率和范围，为水禽选育工作提供更好的方法工具。
 技术问题
为了解决上述的技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法，该方法具有客观、准确、可重复、应急小、劳动强度小和应用投入少的特点。
技术解决方案
为了实现上述的目的，本发明采用了以下的技术方案：
一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法，该方法包括以下的步骤：
1 ）图片比例尺校对步骤：利用测量工具测定个体侧视图和顶视图已知长度参照物的实际长度并与其图片中的测定长度相除，获得各图片校对比率；
2 ）图片体尺测定步骤：利用测定工具依次测定水禽个体侧面图片中的第一胸椎到龙骨前缘，龙骨前段到龙骨末端，胫部上关节到第三四趾间距离，并用替代线测定图中胫中部直径和背线的长度，获得测定水禽个体的胸深、龙骨长、胫长、胫中部直径、背长的图片测定值；再利用测定工具测定水禽个体顶视图片中的肩关节左端到肩关节右端，腰角左端到腰角右端距离，获得测定水禽个体的胸宽和骨盆宽图片测定值完成图片体尺测定步骤；
3 ）个体体尺图片测定值与个体体尺实际测定值的转换步骤：个体体尺胸深、龙骨长、胫长、背长、胸宽和骨盆宽图片测定值乘上校对比率，获得个体胸深、龙骨长、胫长、背长、胸宽和骨盆宽6个体尺测定项目的实际测定值，利用胫中部直径图片测定值乘上圆周率，再乘上校对比率获得个体胫围体尺实际测定值。
作为优选，所述的步骤1）中校对比率为参照物实际长度除以图片测定长度，公式如下：
校对比率=参照物长度实际值/参照物图片测定值。
作为优选，所述的步骤1）中侧视图是在水禽躯体正左侧拍摄的包含长度与地面垂直的参照物图片，顶视图是在水禽躯体上背中线正上方拍摄的包含长度与地面平行的参照物图片。
 有益效果
本发明由于采用了上述的技术方案，有益效果主要表现在：
1 、水禽体尺数据测定的更加客观，利用图片测定水禽体尺能够避免测定点认知的不同造成测定结果的多样性；
2 、节约人力资源，水禽体尺图片测定一个人能够完成原来需要10多人一天才能完成的个体体尺测定任务；
3 、体尺测定结果更加准确，采用图片测定以后每个体尺不会因为个体保定困难和组织滑动而造成体尺测定不准确的情况；
4 、减少应急或避免应激，利用图片测定体尺后能够不用避免水禽养殖群体与人的接触而造成的应激进而提高或保持群体生产力；
5 、结合了图片采集设备能将体尺测定的效率大大提高，原来需要数天才能完成的个体体尺测定，通过图片测定方法可以在很短时间内完成，而且便于与现有测信息技术进行对接。
 附图说明
图1为太湖鹅个体侧视图。
图2为太湖鹅个体顶视图。
图3为绍兴麻鸭个体侧视图。
图4为绍兴麻鸭个体顶视图。
图1~图4中的附图标记如下：1-第一胸椎，2-背线测定轨迹，3-胫部上关节，4-龙骨末端，5-参照物，6-龙骨前段，7-龙骨前缘，8-胫中部直径，9-第三四趾间，10-肩关节右端，11-腰角右端，12-肩关节左端，13-腰角左端。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的实施方式
一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法，主要包括图片比例尺校对、图片体尺测定和体尺图片测定值与实际测定值的转换三大步骤，其主要特征是图片比例尺校对步骤包括：利用测量工具测定图片图1、图2、图3和图4中已知长度参照物5的实际长度并与其图片中的测定长度相除，获得各图片校对比率；图片体尺测定步骤包括：利用测定工具依次测定水禽个体侧面图片图1和图3中的第一胸椎1到龙骨前缘7，龙骨前段6到龙骨末端4，胫部上关节3到第三四趾间9距离，并用替代线测定图中胫中部直径8和背长测定轨迹2的长度，获得测定水禽个体的胸深、龙骨长、胫长、胫中部直径、背长的图片测定值；再利用测定工具测定水禽个体顶视图片图2和图4中的肩关节左端12到肩关节右端10，腰角左端13到腰角右端11距离，获得测定水禽个体的胸宽和骨盆宽图片测定值完成图片体尺测定步骤；个体体尺图片测定值与实际体尺的转换步骤包括：个体体尺胸深、龙骨长、胫长、背长、胸宽和骨盆宽图片测定值乘上校对比率，获得个体胸深、龙骨长、胫长、背长、胸宽和骨盆宽等六个体尺测定项目的实际测定值，利用胫中部直径图片测定值乘上圆周率，再乘上校对比率获得个体胫围体尺实际测定值。
其中图片校对比率为参照物长度实际值除以图片测定值，公式如下：
校对比率=参照物长度实际值÷参照物图片测定值 （1）。
个体体尺胸深、龙骨长、胫长、背长、胸宽和骨盆宽图片测定值与实际测定值之间的装换公式为：
个体体尺实际测定值=个体体尺图片测定值×校对比率 （2）。
个体体尺胫围图片测定值与实际测定值之间的装换公式为：
个体胫围实际测定值=个体胫围中部直径图片测定值×π×校对比率（3）。
下面以太湖鹅和绍兴麻鸭作为具体实施例，对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1--太湖鹅体尺测定：
1 、测定个体侧视图和顶视图校对比率计算：测定获得测定个体侧视图和顶视图参照物图片测定长度分别为5.6cm和4.1cm，而两个图片中参照物的实际长度为15cm，由此根据公式（1）计算获得该个体侧视图和顶视图的校对比率分别为2.67857和3.62854。
2 、测定个体体尺图片测定值获得：利用测定工具依次测定水禽个体侧面图片中的第一胸椎到龙骨前缘，龙骨前段到龙骨末端，胫部上关节到第三四趾间距离，并用替代线测定图中胫中部直径和背线的长度，获得测定个体的胸深、龙骨长、胫长、胫中部直径、背长的图片测定值分别为3.85cm、4.49cm、3.14cm、0.52cm、21.94cm；再利用测定工具测定水禽个体顶视图片中的肩关节左端到肩关节右端，腰角左端到腰角右端距离，获得测定个体的胸宽和骨盆宽图片测定值分别为2.72cm和1.64cm。
3 、测定个体图片测定值转换：利用公式（2）转换获得测定个体胸深、龙骨长、胫长、背长、胸宽和骨盆宽的实际测定值分别为10.31cm、12.03cm、8.42cm、58.77cm、9.94cm和6.01cm，利用公式（3）转换获得个体胫围实际测定值为4.38cm，具体各测定结果见表1.
表1. 太湖鹅体尺图片测定值与实际测定值对应情况表
测定项目 图片测定值 对应图片校对比率 实际测定值
胸深 3.85 2.678571429 10.31
龙骨长 4.49 2.678571429 12.03
胫长 3.14 2.678571429 8.42
背长 21.94 2.678571429 58.77
胫围 0.52 （直径测定值） 2.678571429 4.38
胸宽 2.72 3.658536585 9.94
骨盆宽 1.64 3.658536585 6.01
实施例2--绍兴麻鸭体尺测定：
1 、测定个体侧视图和顶视图校对比率计算：测定获得测定个体侧视图和顶视图参照物图片测定长度分别为5.5cm和4.2cm，而两个图片中参照物的实际长度为15cm，由此根据公式（1）计算获得该个体侧视图和顶视图的校对比率分别为2.72727和3.57143。
2 、测定个体体尺图片测定值获得：利用测定工具依次测定水禽个体侧面图片中的第一胸椎到龙骨前缘，龙骨前段到龙骨末端，胫部上关节到第三四趾间距离，并用替代线测定图中胫中部直径和背线的长度，获得测定个体的胸深、龙骨长、胫长、胫中部直径、背长的图片测定值分别为2.48cm、4.31cm、2.13cm、0.43cm、14.13cm；再利用测定工具测定水禽个体顶视图片中的肩关节左端到肩关节右端，腰角左端到腰角右端距离，获得测定个体的胸宽和骨盆宽图片测定值分别为2.28cm和1.77cm。
3 、测定个体图片测定值转换：利用公式（2）转换获得测定个体胸深、龙骨长、胫长、背长、胸宽和骨盆宽的实际测定值分别为6.76cm、11.75cm、5.81cm、38.53cm、8.14cm和6.32cm，利用公式（3）转换获得个体胫围实际测定值为3.67cm，具体各测定结果见表2.
表2. 绍兴麻鸭体尺图片测定值与实际测定值对应情况表
测定项目 图片测定值 对应图片校对比率 实际测定值
胸深 2.48 2.727272727 6.76
龙骨长 4.31 2.727272727 11.75
胫长 2.13 2.727272727 5.81
背长 14.13 2.727272727 38.53
胫围 0.43 ( 直径) 2.727272727 3.67
胸宽 2.28 3.571428571 8.14
骨盆宽 1.77 3.571428571 6.32
工业实用性
序列表自由内容

Claims (3)

  1. 一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法，其特征在于该方法包括以下的步骤：
    1 ）图片比例尺校对步骤：利用测量工具测定个体侧视图和顶视图已知长度参照物的实际长度并与其图片中的测定长度相除，获得各图片校对比率；
    2 ）图片体尺测定步骤：利用测定工具依次测定水禽个体侧面图片中的第一胸椎到龙骨前缘，龙骨前段到龙骨末端，胫部上关节到第三四趾间距离，并用替代线测定图中胫中部直径和背线的长度，获得测定水禽个体的胸深、龙骨长、胫长、胫中部直径、背长的图片测定值；再利用测定工具测定水禽个体顶视图片中的肩关节左端到肩关节右端，腰角左端到腰角右端距离，获得测定水禽个体的胸宽和骨盆宽图片测定值完成图片体尺测定步骤；
    3 ）个体体尺图片测定值与个体体尺实际测定值的转换步骤：个体体尺胸深、龙骨长、胫长、背长、胸宽和骨盆宽图片测定值乘上校对比率，获得个体胸深、龙骨长、胫长、背长、胸宽和骨盆宽 6 个体尺测定项目的实际测定值，利用胫中部直径图片测定值乘上圆周率，再乘上校对比率获得个体胫围体尺实际测定值。
  2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法，其特征在于步骤 1 ）中校对比率为参照物实际长度除以图片测定长度，公式如下： 校对比率 = 参照物长度实际值 / 参照物图片测定值。
  3. 根据权利要求 1 所述一种利用图片进行水禽体尺测定的方法，其特征在于步骤 1 ）中侧视图是在水禽躯体正左侧拍摄的包含长度与地面垂直的参照物图片，顶视图是在水禽躯体上背中线正上方拍摄的包含长度与地面平行的参照物图片。
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