WO2015141680A1 - 電力変換器 - Google Patents
電力変換器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015141680A1 WO2015141680A1 PCT/JP2015/057907 JP2015057907W WO2015141680A1 WO 2015141680 A1 WO2015141680 A1 WO 2015141680A1 JP 2015057907 W JP2015057907 W JP 2015057907W WO 2015141680 A1 WO2015141680 A1 WO 2015141680A1
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- phase
- power
- power source
- power converter
- semiconductor switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M5/275—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/293—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/10—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power converter, and more particularly to a modular multilevel cascade type power converter.
- MMCC modular multilevel cascade converter
- the MMCC is characterized in that a “cluster” (sometimes called an arm or a leg) constituting a converter is formed by cascade connection of unit cells.
- Typical unit cells include a chopper cell CC shown in FIG. 1A and a bridge cell BC shown in FIG. 1B.
- the chopper cell CC shown in FIG. 1A can be regarded as a part of a bidirectional chopper, two semiconductor switches SW connected in series, a DC capacitor C connected in parallel to the two semiconductor switches SW, and switching of the semiconductor switch SW. It has input / output terminals T1 and T2 for discharging from the DC capacitor C or charging the DC capacitor C according to the operation.
- the semiconductor switch SW in this example is composed of an IGBT.
- FIG. 1C shows a cluster CL in which a plurality of chopper cells CC shown in FIG. 1A are cascade-connected.
- the bridge cell BC shown in FIG. 1B is equivalent to a single-phase full-bridge converter, and includes a pair of semiconductor switches SW in which two semiconductor switches SW connected in series are connected in parallel and a pair of two semiconductor switches SW. It has a DC capacitor C connected in parallel, a series connection point of each set of two semiconductor switches SW, and input / output terminals T1 and T2 for current discharged from the DC capacitor C or charged to the DC capacitor C.
- the MMCC can be roughly classified into a star connection linear MMCC and a delta connection linear MMCC according to the connection method.
- the MMCC can be roughly classified into a star connection linear MMCC and a delta connection linear MMCC according to the connection method.
- the following six types of star-coupled MMCC and delta-coupled MMCC are known. Of these, four types of star-coupled MMCC and delta-coupled MMCC are disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1. ing. 1. Single star connection bridge cell MMCC (SSBC) 2. Double star connection bridge cell MMCC (DSBC) 3. Double Star Connection Chopper Cell MMCC (DSCC) 4). Triple star connection bridge cell MMCC (TSBC) 5. Single delta linear bridge cell MMCC (SDBC) 6). Double delta connection bridge cell MMCC (DDBC)
- SSBC can be applied to a reactive power compensator (STATCOM) and a battery power storage device. Since DSBC and DSCC can connect a DC power source between the neutral points of the star connection, DC-3 phase AC power conversion can be realized. When DSBC is used, the DC power supply can be replaced with a single-phase AC power supply, and single-phase AC-three-phase AC power conversion can be realized. Since TSBC can connect a three-phase power source (or a three-phase load) between neutral points of star connection, it is possible to realize three-phase AC-three-phase AC power conversion. Since the star-connected MMCC is not related to the present invention, further explanation is omitted.
- the SDBC is formed by delta connection of three clusters CL in which a plurality of bridge cells BC are cascade-connected, and three connection points of the delta connection are connected to each phase of a three-phase AC power source. is there.
- FIG. 3 shows the circuit configuration in each cluster of the SDBC shown in FIG. 2A in detail. Since the SDBC can control the negative phase reactive power by controlling the circulating current in the delta connection, it is expected to be applied to the negative phase reactive power compensator for the arc furnace.
- the phase voltage of each phase of the power supply voltage on the system side is v Su , v Sv and v Sw , and the current of each phase (
- the power source current is referred to as i u , i v, and i w .
- currents (hereinafter referred to as “converter currents”) that flow into the respective phases of the cluster CL from the delta connection portion of the power converter 100 are i uv , i vw, and i wu , respectively.
- the output voltage of the cluster CL of each phase of the delta connection portion of the power converter 100 that is, the output terminals T U 1 -T U 2, T V 1 -T V 2 and T W 1 -T between the output terminals of the power converter 100.
- line voltage at W 2 is v uv respectively, v vw and v wu,.
- the DDBC includes six clusters CL in which a plurality of bridge cells BC are cascade-connected.
- a set of two clusters CL connected in series is delta-connected, and three connection points of the delta-connected set are connected to the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase of the three-phase AC power source, respectively.
- intermediate points of the series-connected clusters CL are taken out as an R phase, an S phase, and a T phase, respectively. Therefore, DDBC can realize three-phase AC to three-phase AC power conversion, similar to TSBC.
- the existing delta connection MMCC has a problem that it cannot realize DC-3 phase AC power conversion and single phase AC-3 phase AC power conversion that can be realized by the star connection MMCC.
- the existing delta connection MMCC has a problem that the application field is limited as compared with the existing star connection MMCC.
- the object of the present invention is to broaden the application field by realizing DC-3 phase AC power conversion and single phase AC-3 phase AC power conversion in the existing delta connected MMCC.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a modular multi-level cascade power converter.
- the first form of the power converter of the present invention that achieves the above object includes three clusters in which unit cells are cascade-connected, and the same type of power source connected to one end of each of the three clusters.
- Delta connection is configured by connecting the terminal on the non-power supply side of one cluster to the other end of the power supply connected to the other cluster, and each of the three connection parts of the delta connection is a three-phase AC phase.
- the power converter is characterized in that it is connected and performs power conversion between a power source and a three-phase alternating current.
- the unit cell When the power source is a DC power source, the unit cell is a chopper cell having two semiconductor switches connected in series and a DC capacitor connected in parallel thereto, or two sets of two semiconductor switches connected in series are connected in parallel. It can be set as a bridge cell provided with the group of semiconductor switches, and the direct-current capacitor connected in parallel with this.
- the unit cell When the power source is an in-phase AC power source, the unit cell can be a bridge cell.
- the second form of the power converter of the present invention that realizes the above object is inserted between three clusters in which unit cells are cascade-connected and arbitrary connection points of a plurality of unit cells in the three clusters.
- a delta connection is formed by connecting the negative-side terminals of the three clusters including the direct-current power supply to the positive-side terminals of the other clusters including the direct-current power supply.
- the power converter is characterized in that two connection portions are respectively connected to the respective phases of the three-phase alternating current, and power conversion is performed between the direct current power source and the three-phase alternating current.
- a third form of the power converter of the present invention that achieves the above object is inserted between three clusters in which unit cells are cascade-connected and arbitrary connection points of a plurality of unit cells in the three clusters.
- a delta connection is formed by connecting the negative-side terminals of the three clusters including the alternating-current power supply to the positive-side terminals of the other clusters including the alternating-current power supply.
- a power converter is configured to perform power conversion between the alternating current power source and the three-phase alternating current.
- the unit cell When a DC power source is inserted between arbitrary connection points of a plurality of unit cells, the unit cell can be a chopper cell or a bridge cell. In addition, when an in-phase AC power supply is inserted between arbitrary connection points of a plurality of unit cells, the unit cell can be a bridge cell.
- a DC / three-phase AC power conversion can be realized by incorporating a DC power supply in each side of the delta connection.
- single-phase AC-three-phase AC power conversion can be realized by incorporating an in-phase AC power supply in each delta-connected side.
- DC-three-phase AC power conversion can be realized by replacing the bridge cell of the existing single delta connection bridge cell MMCC with a chopper cell and incorporating a DC power supply in each side connected in delta connection.
- FIG. 4 shows the positions of unit cells, reactors and DC power sources in each cluster in the circuit diagram shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an example of a circuit in which reactors and DC power sources are arranged at both ends of a plurality of cascade-connected unit cells.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an example in which the positions of the unit cell, the reactor, and the DC power source in each cluster in the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 4 are arranged reversely. is there.
- FIG. 4 shows the positions of unit cells, reactors, and DC power sources in each cluster in the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 4, and the reactors and DCs are connected between any one of a plurality of unit cells connected in cascade. It is a circuit diagram of the example by which the power supply is arrange
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of the power converter 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a bridge cell is used as a unit cell for the three clusters CL connected in delta connection.
- delta connection is used in the power converter 101 of the first embodiment.
- chopper cells are used as unit cells. That is, a plurality of chopper cells are cascaded in each phase cluster CLu, CLv, and CLw.
- the number of unit cells in each cluster is three.
- the number of unit cells in each cluster is not intended to limit the present invention.
- the coupling reactor of each cluster of the power converter 101 is represented by L, and the black circle (•) indicates the polarity of the coupling reactor L.
- the system voltage of each phase of the power supply voltage on the 3 system side is v Suv , v Svw and v Swu
- the system current is i Su , i Sv and i Sw .
- the converter currents flowing into the clusters CLu, CLv, and CLw of each phase of the power converter 101 are i uv , i vw, and i wu , respectively.
- the coupling reactor L in FIG. 4 has three windings, and the number of windings is the same.
- the coupling reactor L has impedance only for the circulating currents contained in the converter currents i uv , i vw and i wu flowing through the respective clusters CLu, CLv and CLw, and the impedance for the system current component (50 Hz) is zero. is there.
- the negative electrode of the DC power supply Vdcu is connected in series to the terminal Tu1 on the opposite side to the terminal Tu2 on the coupling reactor L side of the U-phase cluster CLu, and the positive electrode of the DC power supply Vdcu is It is connected to the delta connection part of the V-phase cluster CLv connected to the V-phase of the three-phase alternating current.
- the negative terminal of the DC power supply Vdcv is connected in series to the terminal Tv1 on the opposite side of the terminal Tv2 on the coupling reactor L side of the V-phase cluster CLv, and the positive electrode of the DC power supply Vdcv is connected to the W phase of the three-phase AC. It is connected to the delta connection part of the phase cluster CLw.
- the negative electrode of the DC power supply Vdcw is connected in series to the terminal Tw1 on the opposite side of the terminal Tw2 on the coupling reactor L side of the W-phase cluster CLw, and the positive electrode of the DC power supply Vdcw is connected to the U phase of the three-phase AC. It is connected to the delta connection part of the U-phase cluster CLu.
- the power converter 101 of the first embodiment can constantly exchange power between the DC power source and the three-phase system, and can realize DC-three-phase AC power conversion.
- the number of necessary DC power sources is three.
- the DC power source Vdcu, the DC power source Vdcv, and the DC power source Vdw are respectively connected to the terminals Tu1, terminal Tv1, and terminals of the clusters CLu, CLv, and CLw of each phase. It is connected to the outside of Tw1.
- FIG. 5A Only this configuration in the cluster CLu is shown in FIG. 5A.
- the coupling reactor L is connected to the terminal Tu2 of the cluster CLu
- the DC power source Vdcu is connected to the terminal Tu1
- the coupling reactor L and the DC power source Vdcu are connected to the terminals Tu1 and Tu2 of the cluster CLu.
- the coupling reactor L and the DC power supply Vdcu can be inserted at any place between the chopper cells in the cluster CLu. The same applies to the V phase and the W phase.
- the combined reactor L can be replaced with three non-coupled reactors. Similarly to the coupled reactor L, the uncoupled reactor can be inserted at any location in the cluster. When a non-bonded reactor is used, the combined reactor shown in FIG. 4 can be removed because it also serves as a linked reactor.
- the DC capacitor voltage of each chopper cell needs to be controlled to be constant.
- DC voltage control four types of average value control, interphase balance control, circulating current control and individual balance control are used in combination.
- the average value control controls the arithmetic average voltage of all DC capacitors.
- Interphase balance control controls the power exchanged between clusters.
- the circulating current control controls the current circulating in the delta connection.
- Individual balance control balances the DC capacitor voltage of each chopper cell individually. Details of each control method are described in the following documents and are not directly related to the configuration of the power converter according to the present invention, and thus further explanation of the control method is omitted.
- Table 1 shows circuit constants used in the experiment. A 200 V, 6 kW model was used for the experiment. However, the number of chopper cells to be inserted into each phase cluster was set to eight instead of three. Thus, if each phase cluster is composed of eight chopper cells, the total number of used cells is 24. Then, DC voltages Vdcu, Vduv, Vdcw of 320 V are inserted in series with each cluster.
- FIG. 6 shows experimental results (6 kW, inverter operation, power factor-1) using the power converter 101 according to the first embodiment.
- the voltage v uv is a multilevel waveform with 17 levels between lines, and the influence of the harmonic voltage is small.
- the power supply current i u is advanced by 150 ° with respect to the power supply voltage (system voltage) v Suv , and an inverter operation with a power factor of ⁇ 1 is realized.
- the current THD value (total harmonic distortion) of the current i u is 3.6%, and the influence of the harmonic current is small.
- FIG. 7A is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of the power converter 102 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a bridge cell is used as a unit cell for the three clusters CL connected in delta connection. That is, a plurality of bridge cells are cascaded in each phase cluster CLu, CLv, and CLw.
- each bridge cell 11u-j, 11v-j, and 11w-j (as cascaded as unit cells) are connected to the clusters CLu, CLv, and CLw of each phase.
- FIG. 7A it is assumed that the system voltage of each phase of the power supply voltage on the system side is v Suv , v Svw and v Swu , and the system current is i Su , i Sv and i Sw .
- the converter currents flowing into the clusters CLu, CLv, and CLw of each phase of the power converter 102 are i uv , i vw, and i wu , respectively.
- the coupling reactor L has three windings, and the number of windings is the same.
- the coupling reactor L has impedance only for the circulating currents contained in the converter currents i uv , i vw and i wu flowing through the respective clusters CLu, CLv and CLw, and the impedance for the system current component (50 Hz) is zero. is there.
- one end of a single-phase AC power source V Tu is connected in series to a terminal Tu 1 on the opposite side of the coupling reactor L side Tu 2 of the U-phase cluster CLu, and the AC power source
- the other end of V Tu is connected to the delta connection portion of the V-phase cluster CLv connected to the V-phase of the three-phase AC.
- the other end of the AC power source V Tv is 3-phase AC Are connected to the delta connection portion of the W-phase cluster CLw connected to the W-phase.
- the power converter 102 can constantly exchange power between the single-phase AC power source and the three-phase system, and can realize single-phase AC to three-phase AC power conversion.
- the required number of AC power sources is three.
- the AC power sources V Tu , V Tv, and V Tw are respectively connected to the terminals Tu1, Tv1, and terminals of the respective clusters CLu, CLv, and CLw. It is connected to the outside of Tw1.
- the connection of the coupling reactor L and the AC power supplies V Tu , V Tv and V Tw to the terminals Tu1 and Tu2 of the cluster CLu may be reversed.
- the coupling reactor L and the AC power sources V Tu , V Tv, and V Tw can be inserted at arbitrary positions between the bridge cells in the clusters CLu, CLv, and CLw, respectively.
- the combined reactor L can be replaced with three non-coupled reactors. Similarly to the coupled reactor L, the uncoupled reactor can be inserted at any location in the cluster. When a non-bonded reactor is used, since it also serves as a linked reactor, the linked reactor shown in FIG. 7A can be removed.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an example of the AC power sources V Tu , V Tv, and V Tw of the power converter 102 of the second embodiment, and shows an isolated AC power source using a single-phase transformer.
- a single-phase AC power source or a single-phase AC load is connected to the primary winding.
- the secondary winding is divided into three equal parts and connected to the respective clusters CLu, CLv, and CLw shown in FIG. 7A.
- the transformer currents i uv , i vw and i wu of the respective clusters CLu, CLv and CLw flow into the secondary winding of the transformer.
- the operating frequency of the transformer becomes equal to the power supply frequency on the primary side of the transformer or the load frequency.
- the power converter 102 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7A can also be applied to a motor load.
- the stator windings of the motor can be open-connected, and the stator windings of each phase can be divided into three equal parts and connected to each cluster as in FIG.
- a three-phase voltage can be generated and a three-phase motor can be driven.
- direct conversion of three-phase AC to three-phase AC can be realized without a transformer.
- Table 2 shows circuit constants used in the simulation.
- the secondary side winding of the transformer shown in FIG. 8 is connected to the AC power source of each phase in FIG. 7A, and a 3.3 kV, 200 Hz single phase AC power source is directly connected to the primary winding.
- FIG. 9 shows a simulation result (1 MW, inverter operation, power factor-1) of the power converter 102 according to the second embodiment.
- the power supply current i u is advanced by 150 ° with respect to the power supply voltage v Suv , and an inverter operation with a power factor of ⁇ 1 is realized.
- the circulating current i Z is composed only of a 200 Hz component that is an operating frequency of the transformer, and does not include a system frequency component (50 Hz). Paying attention to the DC capacitor voltages v C1u , v C1v and v C1w , it can be seen that the DC component can be controlled to 1.8 kV.
- the AC component is composed of a 50 Hz component that is the system frequency and a 200 Hz component that is the operating frequency of the transformer.
- the primary voltage and the primary current of the transformer are in phase, and power is transmitted from the transformer to the system.
- the primary frequency of the transformer does not include the system frequency (50 Hz).
- a single-phase AC power source is connected in series with the terminals Tu1, Tv1, and Tw1 on the opposite side to the terminals Tu2, Tv2, and Tw2 on the coupling reactor L side of each phase cluster.
- One end of V Tu , V Tv, and V Tw is connected, and the other end of the AC power supplies V Tu , V Tv, and V Tw is connected to the delta connection portion of the cluster that connects to the other phase of the three-phase AC. .
- the negative terminals of the DC power sources Vdcu, Vdcv and Vdw are connected in series to the terminals Tu1, Tv1 and Tw1 of the clusters of the respective phases, and the DC power sources Vdcu, Vdcv are connected.
- the power converter 103 of the third embodiment in which the positive electrode of Vdcw is connected to the delta connection part of the cluster connected to the other phase of the three-phase AC.
- the configuration of the power converter 103 of the third embodiment is the same as that of the power converter 102 of the second embodiment except for the portion surrounded by the broken line shown in FIG. 7A. Therefore, in the configuration of the power converter 103 of the third embodiment, only a portion corresponding to a portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 7A is shown in FIG. 7B. With this configuration, the power converter 103 according to the third embodiment can constantly exchange power between the DC power source and the three-phase system, and can realize DC power—three-phase AC power conversion. In this configuration, since it is necessary to connect DC power sources Vdcu, Vdcv, and Vdcw to each cluster, the number of necessary DC power sources is three.
- control of the power converter 103 of the third embodiment is the same as the control of the power converter of the second embodiment, further explanation is omitted.
- a DC / three-phase AC power converter can be realized by incorporating a DC power supply in each side of the delta connection in the single delta connection bridge cell MMCC.
- a single-phase AC / three-phase AC power converter can be realized by incorporating an in-phase AC power source in each side of the delta connection. If three phase AC power converters are used, a three phase AC to three phase AC power converter can be realized.
- DC / three-phase AC power conversion can be realized by replacing the bridge cell of the existing single delta connection bridge cell MMCC with a chopper cell and incorporating a DC power source in each side of the delta connection. With these configurations, the application fields of MMCC can be expanded.
- 11u-j, 11v-j, 11w-j Unit cell (chopper cell, bridge cell) 100, 101, 102, 103 Power converter BC Bridge cell CC Chopper cell C DC capacitor CL, CLu, CLv, CLw Cluster L Coupling reactor MMCC Modular multi-level cascade converter SDBC Single delta linear bridge cell MMCC SW Semiconductor switch Vdcu, Vduv, Vdcw DC power supply V Tu , V Tv, V Tw AC power supply
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Abstract
Description
1.シングルスター結線形ブリッジセルMMCC(SSBC)
2.ダブルスター結線形ブリッジセルMMCC(DSBC)
3.ダブルスター結線形チョッパセルMMCC(DSCC)
4.トリプルスター結線形ブリッジセルMMCC(TSBC)
5.シングルデルタ結線形ブリッジセルMMCC(SDBC)
6.ダブルデルタ結線形ブリッジセルMMCC(DDBC)
iZ=(iUV+iVW+iWU)÷3
『萩原誠、前田亮、赤木泰文:「モジュラー・マルチレベル・カスケード変換器(MMCC-SDBC)のSTATCOMへの応用―有効電力・逆相無効電力制御―」電学論D,131,12、pp.1433-1441(2011-12)』
iZ=(iUV+iVW+iWU)÷3
100,101,102,103 電力変換器
BC ブリッジセル
CC チョッパセル
C 直流コンデンサ
CL、CLu、CLv、CLw クラスタ
L 結合リアクトル
MMCC モジュラー・マルチレベルカスケード変換器
SDBC シングルデルタ結線形ブリッジセルMMCC
SW 半導体スイッチ
Vdcu,Vduv,Vdcw 直流電源
VTu、VTv、VTw 交流電源
Claims (12)
- 単位セルがカスケード接続された3つのクラスタと、
前記3つのクラスタの各個の一端に接続された同一種類の電源とを備え、
前記3つのクラスタの非電源接続側の端子が、他のクラスタに接続された前記電源の他端に接続されることでデルタ結線が構成され、
前記デルタ結線の3つの結線部がそれぞれ3相交流の各相に接続され、前記電源と前記3相交流との間で電力変換を行うようにしたことを特徴とする電力変換器。 - 前記電源が直流電源であり、
前記単位セルが、直列接続された2つの半導体スイッチと、前記2つの半導体スイッチに並列接続された直流コンデンサと、前記半導体スイッチのスイッチング動作に応じて前記直流コンデンサから放電若しくは前記直流コンデンサへ充電される電流の入出力端子とを有するチョッパセルであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換器。 - 前記電源が直流電源であり、
前記単位セルが、直列接続された2つの半導体スイッチを2組並列接続した半導体スイッチの組と、前記2組の半導体スイッチの組に並列に接続された直流コンデンサと、前記2つの半導体スイッチの各組の直列接続点と、前記直流コンデンサから放電若しくは前記直流コンデンサへ充電される電流の入出力端子とを有するブリッジセルであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換器。 - 前記電源が同相の交流電源であり、
前記単位セルが、直列接続された2つの半導体スイッチを2組並列接続した半導体スイッチの組と、前記2組の半導体スイッチの組に並列に接続された直流コンデンサと、前記2つの半導体スイッチの各組の直列接続点と、前記直流コンデンサから放電若しくは前記直流コンデンサへ充電される電流の入出力端子とを有するブリッジセルであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換器。 - 単位セルがカスケード接続された3つのクラスタと、
前記3つのクラスタ内の前記複数の単位セルの任意の接続点の間に挿入された直流電源とを備え、
前記直流電源を備える3つのクラスタの負極側の端子が、他の前記直流電源を備えるクラスタの正極側の端子に接続されることでデルタ結線が構成され、
前記デルタ結線の3つの結線部がそれぞれ3相交流の各相に接続され、前記直流電源と前記3相交流との間で電力変換を行うようにしたことを特徴とする電力変換器。 - 単位セルがカスケード接続された3つのクラスタと、
前記3つのクラスタ内の前記複数の単位セルの任意の接続点の間に挿入された同相の交流電源とを備え、
前記交流電源を備える3つのクラスタの負極側の端子が、他の前記交流電源を備えるクラスタの正極側の端子に接続されることでデルタ結線が構成され、
前記デルタ結線の3つの結線部がそれぞれ3相交流の各相に接続され、前記交流電源と前記3相交流との間で電力変換を行うようにしたことを特徴とする電力変換器。 - 前記単位セルが、直列接続された2つの半導体スイッチと、前記2つの半導体スイッチに並列接続された直流コンデンサと、前記半導体スイッチのスイッチング動作に応じて前記直流コンデンサから放電若しくは前記直流コンデンサへ充電される電流の入出力端子とを有するチョッパセルであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の電力変換器。
- 前記単位セルが、直列接続された2つの半導体スイッチを2組並列接続した半導体スイッチの組と、前記2組の半導体スイッチの組に並列に接続された直流コンデンサと、前記2つの半導体スイッチの各組の直列接続点と、前記直流コンデンサから放電若しくは前記直流コンデンサへ充電される電流の入出力端子とを有するブリッジセルであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の電力変換器。
- 前記単位セルが、直列接続された2つの半導体スイッチを2組並列接続した半導体スイッチの組と、前記2組の半導体スイッチの組に並列に接続された直流コンデンサと、前記2つの半導体スイッチの各組の直列接続点と、前記直流コンデンサから放電若しくは前記直流コンデンサへ充電される電流の入出力端子とを有するブリッジセルであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の電力変換器。
- 前記単位セルがブリッジセルである電力変換器を3台用いることにより、3相電圧を発生でき、3相電動機を駆動可能で、3相交流-3相交流の直接変換が実現できることを特徴とする請求項4又は6に記載の電力変換器。
- 前記交流電源は、単相変圧器を用いた絶縁交流電源により形成されていることを特徴とする請求項4又は6に記載の電力変換器。
- 各前記半導体スイッチは、
オン時に一方向に電流を通す半導体スイッチング素子と、
該半導体スイッチング素子に逆並列に接続された帰還ダイオードと、
を有する請求項1~11の何れか1項に記載の電力変換器。
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WO2018179145A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | 電力変換装置およびそのテスト方法 |
WO2018233833A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | Abb Schweiz Ag | METHOD OF OPERATING AN ELECTRIC ARC OVEN, ELECTRONIC POWER CONVERTER, AND ELECTRIC ARC OVEN SYSTEM |
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