WO2015140183A1 - Cadre cible extérieur destiné à un balayage optique d'objets en 3d - Google Patents

Cadre cible extérieur destiné à un balayage optique d'objets en 3d Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015140183A1
WO2015140183A1 PCT/EP2015/055584 EP2015055584W WO2015140183A1 WO 2015140183 A1 WO2015140183 A1 WO 2015140183A1 EP 2015055584 W EP2015055584 W EP 2015055584W WO 2015140183 A1 WO2015140183 A1 WO 2015140183A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
target frame
scanning
targets
beams
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/055584
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan ROEDING
Willem VERLEYSEN
Original Assignee
Rapidfit Nv
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rapidfit Nv filed Critical Rapidfit Nv
Publication of WO2015140183A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015140183A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
    • G01B21/047—Accessories, e.g. for positioning, for tool-setting, for measuring probes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B2210/00—Aspects not specifically covered by any group under G01B, e.g. of wheel alignment, caliper-like sensors
    • G01B2210/10—Wheel alignment
    • G01B2210/30—Reference markings, reflector, scale or other passive device

Definitions

  • a cluster of coded reference points are positioned on the object being measured by placing removable stickers on the object.
  • the reference points, or 'targets' act as calibration tools for the optical scanning device, which may be a laser or a white light scanner.
  • the targets must be positioned in a precise position relative to the surface of the object to be scanned, and also relative to other targets, for the calibration to occur properly.
  • the targets must also maintain that position for the duration of the scan.
  • the position of the scanner can be determined at any location by measuring a change in the position of the scanner in relation to a specific target. Given the known position of the scanner, the absolute position of the scanned light onto the object can be calculated, resulting in an accurate measurement of the object itself.
  • the measurements of the object can then be compared to the design specifications of the object to determine whether the manufactured object is within a tolerable range of the design specifications.
  • the exterior target frame for optical 3-D scanning of an object to assess dimensional quality of the object with respect to a dimensional specification of the object.
  • the exterior target frame comprises a frame base.
  • the exterior target frame further comprises a top frame.
  • the top frame comprises a plurality of adjustable beams having a plurality of attached scanning targets.
  • the attached scanning targets comprise coded references points for the optical 3-D scanning of the object.
  • the adjustable beams are coupled to the frame base and configured to maneuver to specific locations indicative of dimensions of the scanned object.
  • the top frame further comprises a plurality of pivot joints also having the plurality of attached scanning targets.
  • the pivot joints are configured to provide freedom of movement to the adjustable beams to allow the adjustable beams to deploy to a scanning position.
  • the scanning position is a predefined dimensional setting related to the object.
  • the predefined dimensional setting is based on the dimensional specification of the object.
  • the assessment of the dimensional quality of the scanned object is calibrated by the scanning targets.
  • Figure 1 is an example of a target frame which can be used to accurately scan an object according to one or more embodiments.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a frame base portion of the target frame from Figure 1 according to one or more embodiments.
  • Figure 3 is a more detailed view of a joint of the target frame from Figure 1 according to one or more embodiments.
  • Figure 4A is an example of the target frame Figure 1 in a non-deployed configuration.
  • Figure 4B is a view of the target frame from Figure 1 with deployable arms deployed.
  • Figure 5A is a view of another embodiment of a target frame with deployable arms in a non-deployed configuration.
  • Figure 5B is a view of the target frame from Figure 5A with deployable arms deployed.
  • FIG. 6 is one example of a system for designing and manufacturing three- dimensional (3-D) joints.
  • FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of one example of a computer of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a process for manufacturing a 3-D joint.
  • Embodiments disclosed herein provide an exterior target frame which can be used to assist in the optical three-dimensional scanning of objects.
  • the disclosed embodiments may be used by manufacturers of various objects, including automobile vehicle manufacturers, to quickly and easily position a cluster of targets closely around an object and then quickly and easily remove the targets once the scanning is completed.
  • the target frame may include a number of distinct sections, including: a frame base that allows the target frame to be easily moved, beams that create body of the target frame, deployable arms that bring the cluster of targets close to the surface of the object being scanned, three dimensional ("3-D") printed joints that connect the beams in a framework that closely follows the contours of the object being scanned and also allows for the deployable arms to pivot close to the surface of the object, and targets attached to the frame base, beams, joints, and deployable arms. While described as distinct sections for the purpose of uniquely identifying each, these sections may each be a part of an integrally formed body.
  • the frame base, beams, and deployable arms may be of any length and may be adjustable to suit the specifications of the object to be scanned or the requirements of the personnel who may be moving the target frame.
  • the 3-D printed joints may be designed and printed based on the specifications of the object being scanned. Moreover, 3-D printed joints allow the target frame to closely map the contours of the object to be scanned because each joint can be 3-D printed to match the exact angles of the underlying object to be scanned. This feature eliminates the need to mold or manufacture beams that are specific to the shape of the object to be scanned, allows the use of off- the-shelf beams that are less expensive than custom-made beams, and still allows the creation of a target frame that closely maps the contours of the object being scanned.
  • the target frame is moved on or near the object to be scanned before the scanning process begins.
  • the deployable arms are then lowered around the object, allowing the cluster of targets to be positioned all around the object without requiring placement of individual stickers. Once the scan is complete, the deployable arms are raised and the target frame is ready to be used for the scan of the next object.
  • the target frame addresses many of the problems associated with the use of stickers as coded reference points.
  • the target frame eliminates the need to place a large number of stickers on each object to be scanned.
  • the use of deployable arms in combination with 3-D printed joints allow the targets to be brought on or near the surface of the object (within 100mm of the surface) to be scanned without the time and labor-intensive process of applying stickers to each and every object that needs to be scanned.
  • the target frame can ensure scans will not be affected by movement of targets or a mis- calibrated scanner, and can also provide replicable testing conditions should a second or third scan be required.
  • the target frame allows the cluster of targets to be removed by simply raising the deployable arms and moving the target frame, the time and labor required to remove the stickers is eliminated. Cycle time is also decreased as the target frame can be removed from one object and placed over another object quickly and without the need to remove individual stickers. Finally, subsequent manufacturing phases are much less likely to be endangered by the errant failure to remove a sticker because stickers need not be adhered to the surface of the scanned object. Removal of the targets when using the target frame is accomplished by simply raising the deployable arms and moving the target frame away from the object. [0021]
  • the target frame is compatible with existing optical scanning systems and image processing software as known by those skilled in the art.
  • the target frame can also be modified to fit the contours of any object needing to be scanned as the 3-D printed joints allow for a customizable frame according to the system and object specifications.
  • the target frame can also be used at many different stages of the manufacturing process due to its maneuverability. This allows for earlier detections of dimensional measurement, which allows for correction and optimization of the early stages of manufacturing, which in turns increases the efficiency and quality control of later manufacturing stages. Such an early intervention allows for economic and efficient use of raw materials and saves labor costs as well, as additional labor will not be spent on correcting mistakes in later processing steps.
  • the target frame may also be used in post- manufacturing environments. For example, it may be used in repair shops as easily as it is used in manufacturing plants to determine whether the dimensions of a repaired object match the specifications of the object.
  • the target frame 100 includes a frame base 105, beams 110(a) through (e), joints 120(a) through (e), and targets 125(a) through 125(e), and deployable arm 130.
  • beams 110(a) through (e) may be manufactured out of materials having one or more of the following characteristics: strong, lightweight, flexible, moldable, impact-resistant.
  • An example of such a material includes carbon fiber, PVC, or other lightweight, moldable materials.
  • the beams 110(a) through (e) may also be completely or partially manufactured through additive processing, as described below. It will be appreciated by a skilled artisan that the aforementioned materials are only exemplary, and that any material exhibiting advantageous properties such as those described above are equally suitable.
  • the beams 110(a) through (e) can be attached to the frame base 105 at a beam connection site or inserted into a joint, and can be modified to be of any length that suits the specifications of the object to be scanned.
  • Beams 110(a) through (e) may also be formed in any particular cross-sectional shape, including square, polygonal, round, elliptical or mixtures of the same. Beams 110(a) through (e) may also have different circumferences, as suits the needs of the target frame.
  • beam 110(a) that is connected to the frame base 105 may have a larger circumference than beam 110(e) that forms a part of the deployable arm 130, as beam 110(a) connected to the frame base 105 may be required to be weight bearing, whereas beam 110(e) that forms a part of the deployable arm 130 can be lighter to allow for easier movement.
  • Beams 110(a) through (e) may include attachment points where targets can be attached, either permanently or temporarily. These attachment points may be markings, depressions, grooves, channels, slots, ridges, holes, recesses, or combinations of these. The attachment points may be separated by standard units of length. Beams 110(a) through (e) may also allow for ad-hoc attachment of targets as the material from which the beam may be comprised may be moldable and allow for the creation of markings, depressions, grooves, channels, slots, ridges, holes, recesses, or combinations of these by which targets may be attached. Targets may also be attached to a beam through the use of glue, tape, Velcro, rivet, staple, screw, retainer or any other attachment mechanism known to a skilled artisan.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the frame base 105.
  • Frame base 105 includes a rolling mechanism 205, a protective layer 210, an attachment point 215, and a beam connection site 220.
  • the frame base 105 may be manufactured out of materials having one or more of the following characteristics: strong, lightweight, moldable, impact-resistant, and weight-bearing. It will be appreciated by a skilled artisan that any materials exhibiting one or more of the aforementioned properties are suitable for use in the frame base 105.
  • the frame base 105 may include a rolling mechanism 205 for moving the target frame, including wheels, rollers, friction-less pads, or any mechanism known by those skilled in the art that allows for easy transportation and positioning of the target frame.
  • the mechanism for movement 205 may allow movement of the target frame in any direction, and may be retractable.
  • the rolling mechanism 205 may be attached at any point on or in the frame base 105.
  • the frame base 105 may include a protective layer 210 along the edges of the frame base 105 to protect the rolling mechanism 205 from inadvertent impact with the object being scanned or from impact with other objects.
  • the protective layer 210 may be manufactured out of the same material as the frame base 105, or any material known to a skilled artisan that is strong, lightweight, and impact resistant.
  • the protective edge 210 protects joint 120(a) and beams 110(a) and 110(d) from impact, but may also be manufactured to protect other surfaces or attachments to the frame base 105, or removed entirely or in part for weight considerations.
  • the frame base 105 may include an attachment point 215 where targets can be attached, either permanently or temporarily.
  • the attachment point 215 may be a marking, depression, groove, channel, slot, ridge, hole, recess, or combinations of these.
  • the attachment point 215 may be separated from other attachment points by standard units of length.
  • the frame base 105 may also allow for ad-hoc attachment of targets as the frame base 105 may be moldable and allow for the creation of markings, depressions, grooves, channels, slots, ridges, holes, recesses, or combinations of these by which targets may be attached.
  • Targets may also be attached, permanently or temporarily, to the frame base 105 through the use of glue, tape, Velcro, rivet, staple, screw, retainer or any other attachment mechanism known to a skilled artisan.
  • the position and angle of a target on the frame base 105 may be adjustable.
  • the frame base 105 may also include a beam connection site 220 where beams can be attached or inserted, either permanently or temporarily.
  • the beam connection site 220 may be a marking, depression, groove, channel, slot, ridge, hole, recess, or combinations of these.
  • the beam connection site 220 may be separated by standard units of length from other beam connection sites.
  • a beam may also be attached to or inserted into the frame base 105, either permanently or temporarily, through the use of glue, tape, Velcro, rivet, staple, screw, retainer or any other attachment mechanism known to a skilled artisan.
  • the beam connection site 220 may allow for the adjustment of the angle or height of the beam attached or inserted into the beam connection site 220.
  • Figure 3A depicts an enhanced view of joint 120(a).
  • joint 120(a) is attached to the frame base 105.
  • the frame base 105 may include a mechanism such as a lever to elevate the height of joint 120(a) and beam 110(a) and other corresponding joints and beams, to allow the height of target frame 100 to be adjusted to match the height of the object to be scanned.
  • the frame base 105 may also include a mechanism to increase or decrease the width of the target frame 100.
  • Such a mechanism may be a lever or screw in a joint that extends or withdraws the length of a beam that spans the width of the target frame 100, thereby decreasing or increasing the width of target frame 100.
  • Another mechanism may be a hinged joint connecting two beams, wherein the hinge can lock at various angles, thereby increasing or decreasing the distance spanned by the two beams and joint.
  • Joint 120(a) also may act as the insertion point for beams 110(a) through (d).
  • Beam 110(a) may act as a support beam for the target frame 100 and is inserted into static insertion point 305, whereas beams 110(b) through (d) may be a part of deployable arms and be inserted into moveable insertion points 310, 315, and 320.
  • joint 120(a) may also include an attachment point where a target can be attached through an attachment mechanism, as discussed above.
  • the insertion points 305 , 310, 315 , and 320 may include mechanisms to modify the angle of the beam inserted into the insertion point. Such mechanisms may include levers that release the beam and allow the beam to be re-inserted at a different angle. Alternatively, the moveable insertion point 310, 315, and 320 may allow for the modification of the angle of the inserted beam by locking the movement of the insertion point at a chosen angle.
  • Figure 4A depicts an embodiment of the target frame 100 with the deployable arms 400 and 401 in a non-deployed state.
  • the deployable arm 400 may include, but is not required to include, joint 405 with moveable insertion point 406, beam 410, target 415, joint 420, beam 425, target 430, joint 435, beam 440, and target 445.
  • joints with insertion points that allow movement of the inserted beams may allow for portions of the target frame, such as deployable arm 400, to move in relation to static portions of the target frame, such as the frame base 105.
  • beams inserted into insertion points that are not a part of a joint may also allow for portions of the target frame to move in relation to static portions of the target frame.
  • the deployable arms 400 and 401 may be comprised of individual beams, or a combination of joints and beams.
  • joint 420 and joint 435 allow the target frame 100 to closely map the contours of the object to be scanned because each joint can be 3-D printed to match the exact angles of the underlying object to be scanned.
  • a deployable arms 400 or 401 may also include attachment points where targets can be attached, either permanently or temporarily.
  • a target frame may have as many deployable arms as deemed necessary to provide an accurate scan of the object to be scanned.
  • Figure 4B depicts an embodiment of the target frame 100 with the deployable arms 400 and 401 deployed.
  • the ability to shape joints 405, 420, and 435 provides a target frame 100 that closely follows the contours of the object to be scanned.
  • the customizable joints in the target frame 100 also allow for the object being scanned to be manipulated within the target frame 100 to allow for an optimal scan.
  • the target frame 100 is shaped to allow the doors of the object to be opened.
  • the frame base 105 may include a mechanism to adjust the heights of beam 110(a) and corresponding support beams to allow the target frame 100 to match the height of the object to be scanned.
  • the target frame 100 has been moved using the rolling mechanism in frame base 105 over the object to be scanned.
  • the deployable arms for example, the deployable arm 400, are lowered to surround the object to be scanned.
  • the object then becomes surrounded with the cluster of targets attached to target frame 100, as the targets come within 100 mm of the object being scanned.
  • the targets may touch the surface of the object to be scanned; in other embodiments, the targets may be between 100mm and 500mm from the object to be scanned.
  • the optical scan can proceed, either with a structured laser or with white light patterns or with any other optical scanning technology known to those skilled in the art.
  • the deployable arms can be easily raised and the entire target frame 100 can be moved away from the object being scanned and onto the next object.
  • the object does not have to be prepared in any way or even moved to be scanned.
  • the object can be scanned at any stage in production, depending on the needs of the manufacturer.
  • the deployable arms are seen to be connected by a connective mechanism 450.
  • the connective mechanism allows for the arms to be deployed to a limited range and held at that specific range.
  • This connective mechanism may be nylon, high-tensile string, steel cables, or any other connective mechanism known to a skilled artisan.
  • the connective mechanism may be attached to a joint, a beam, or any other part of the target frame 100.
  • the connective mechanism may be attached, temporarily or permanently, through the use of glue, tape, Velcro, rivet, staple, screw, retainer or any other attachment mechanism known to a skilled artisan.
  • FIG. 5 A depicts an embodiment of target frame 500.
  • Target frame 500 is seen in its non-deployed state.
  • the target frame 500 includes frame base 505, beams 510(a) through (d), joint 530, and targets 535(a) through (d).
  • Beam 510(a) includes moveable insertion points that are not attached to a joint.
  • the insertion points may be manufactured as part of the beam 510(a) or the insertion points may be 3-D printed and attached to the beam 510(a) through an attachment mechanism such as glue, tape, Velcro, rivet, staple, screw, retainer or any other attachment mechanism known to a skilled artisan.
  • Beams 510(b) through (d) are inserted into the insertion points in beam 510(a).
  • the use of the moveable insertion points on beam 510(a) allows the beams 510(b) through (d) to be raised when the object to be scanned is not within range, and lowered when the object is within range, thereby bringing targets within 100 mm of the object being scanned without requiring application of targets to the object itself.
  • Beams 510(a) through (d) may act as deployable arms formed out of a single beam that follows the contours of the object to be scanned, without the need for additional joints.
  • the insertion points may include a locking mechanism to arrest the movement of the beams 510(b) through (d) at any point.
  • Figure 5B depicts an embodiment of the target frame 500 with the beams 510(b) through (d) deployed.
  • the target frame 500 has been moved using the rolling mechanism in frame base 505 over the object to be scanned.
  • the frame base 505 may include a mechanism to adjust the heights of beam 510(a) and corresponding beams to allow the target frame 500 to match the height of the object to be scanned.
  • the deployable arms in this embodiment beams 510(b) through (d), are lowered to surround the object to be scanned.
  • the object then becomes surrounded with the cluster of targets attached to target frame 500, as the targets come within 100 mm of the object being scanned.
  • the targets may touch the surface of the object to be scanned; in other embodiments, the targets may be between 100mm and 500mm from the object to be scanned.
  • the optical scan can proceed, either with a structured laser or with white light or with any other optical scanning technology known to those skilled in the art.
  • the deployable arms can be easily raised and the entire target frame 500 can be moved away from the object being scanned and onto the next object.
  • the object does not have to be prepared in any way or even moved to be scanned.
  • the object can be scanned at any stage in production, depending on the needs of the manufacturer.
  • the beams 510(b) through (d) are seen to be connected by a connective mechanism 520.
  • the connective mechanism allows for the beams 510(b) through (d) to be deployed to a limited range and held at that specific range.
  • This connective mechanism may be nylon, high-tensile string, steel cables, or any other connective mechanism known to a skilled artisan.
  • the connective mechanism may be attached to a joint, a beam, or any other part of the target frame 500.
  • the connective mechanism may be attached, temporarily or permanently, through the use of glue, tape, Velcro, rivet, staple, screw, retainer or any other attachment mechanism known to a skilled artisan.
  • the joints may be partially or completely manufactured by additive manufacturing.
  • Additive manufacturing or Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing may be defined as a group of techniques used to fabricate an object using, for example, a 3-D computer aided design (CAD) of the object.
  • CAD computer aided design
  • Rapid Prototyping techniques are available, including stereolithography (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling (FDM), foil-based techniques, and the like.
  • a common feature of additive manufacturing and RP&M techniques is that objects are typically built layer by layer.
  • Stereolithography utilizes a vat of liquid photopolymer "resin" to build an object a layer at a time.
  • an electromagnetic ray traces a specific pattern on the surface of the liquid resin that is defined by the two-dimensional cross-sections of the object to be formed.
  • the electromagnetic ray may be delivered as one or more laser beams which are computer-controlled. Exposure of the resin to the electromagnetic ray cures, or, solidifies the pattern traced by the electromagnetic ray, and causes it to adhere to the layer below. After a coat of resin has been had been polymerized, the platform descends by a single layer thickness and a subsequent layer pattern is traced, adhering the newly traced layer pattern to the previous layer.
  • a complete 3-D object may be formed by repeating this process.
  • SLS selective laser sintering
  • FDM Fused deposition modeling
  • FDM and other related techniques make use of a temporary transition from a solid material to a liquid state, usually due to heating.
  • the material is driven through an extrusion nozzle in a controlled manner, and the material is then deposited a specified location. Details of one suitable FDM process are explained in U.S. Patent No. 5,141,680, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Foil-based techniques may also be used to support additive manufacturing. Foil-based techniques involve the use of glue or photo polymerization to fix coats of resin to each other. The desired object is then cut from these coats, or the object is polymerized from these coats.
  • additive manufacturing and RP&M techniques start from a digital representation of the 3-D object to be formed.
  • the digital representation is sliced into a series of cross-sectional layers which are overlaid to form the object as a whole.
  • Information about the cross-sectional layers of the 3-D object is stored as cross-sectional data.
  • the RP&M system utilizes this cross-sectional data for the purpose of building the object on a layer-by-layer basis.
  • the cross-sectional data used by the RP&M system may be generated using a computer system.
  • the computer system may include software such as computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) software to assist this process.
  • Any suitable additive manufacturing technique known in the art may be used for converting the image information of an object into a model, template, or mold that at least in part shows the positive or negative form of at least a portion of the object.
  • Using additive manufacturing obviates the need for assembly of different parts.
  • Distinct sections of the target frame may be manufactured using different materials.
  • a section of the target frame, including but not limited to the joints may be formed from an impact-resistant material allowing it to tolerate movement and contact with other objects.
  • the sections of the target frame, including but not limited to thejoints may be fabricated from a polyamide such as PA 2200 as supplied by EOS, Kunststoff, Germany or any other material known by those skilled in the art may also be used.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates one example of a system 600 for designing and manufacturing 3- D devices and/or products.
  • the system 600 may be configured to support the techniques described herein.
  • the system 600 may be configured to design and generate a joint, beam, deployable arm, frame base, or target frame, such as any one or more of those described above.
  • the system 600 may include one or more computers 602a-602d.
  • the computers 602a-602d may take various forms such as, for example, any workstation, server, or other computing device capable of processing information.
  • the computers 602a-602d may be connected by a computer network 605.
  • the computer network 605 may be the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, or some other type of network.
  • the computers may communicate over the computer network 605 via any suitable communications technology or protocol.
  • the computers 602a-602d may share data by transmitting and receiving information such as software, digital representations of 3-D objections, commands and/or instructions to operate an additive manufacturing device, and the like.
  • the system 600 further may include one or more additive manufacturing devices 606a and 606b. These additive manufacturing devices may take the form of 3-D printers or some other manufacturing device as known in the art.
  • the additive manufacturing device 606a is connected to the computer 602a.
  • the additive manufacturing device 606a is also connected to computers 602a-602c via the network 605 which connects computers 602a-602d.
  • Additive manufacturing device 606b is also connected to the computers 602a-602d via the network 605.
  • an additive manufacturing device such as devices 606a and 606b may be directly connected to a computer 602, connected to a computer 602 via a network 605, and/or connected to a computer 602 via another computer 602 and the network 605.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a more detailed view of computer 602a illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • the computer 602a includes a processor 710.
  • the processor 710 is in data communication with various computer components. These components may include a memory 720, an input device 730, and an output device 740.
  • the processor may also communicate with a network interface card 760.
  • a network interface card 760 Although described separately, it is to be appreciated that functional blocks described with respect to the computer 602a need not be separate structural elements.
  • the processor 710 and network interface card 760 may be embodied in a single chip or board.
  • the processor 710 may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array f(FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any suitable combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein.
  • a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
  • the processor 710 may be coupled, via one or more buses, to read information from or write information to memory 720.
  • the processor may additionally, or in the alternative, contain memory, such as processor registers.
  • the memory 720 may include processor cache, including a multi-level hierarchical cache in which different levels have different capacities and access speeds.
  • the memory 720 may further include random access memory (RAM), other volatile storage devices, or non-volatile storage devices.
  • RAM random access memory
  • the storage can include hard drives, optical discs, such as compact discs (CDs) or digital video discs (DVDs), flash memory, floppy discs, magnetic tape, and Zip drives.
  • the processor 710 may also be coupled to an input device 730 and an output device 740 for, respectively, receiving input from and providing output to a user of the computer 602a.
  • Suitable input devices include, but are not limited to, a keyboard, a rollerball, buttons, keys, switches, a pointing device, a mouse, a joystick, a remote control, an infrared detector, a voice recognition system, a bar code reader, a scanner, a video camera (possibly coupled with video processing software to, e.g., detect hand gestures or facial gestures), a motion detector, a microphone (possibly coupled to audio processing software to, e.g., detect voice commands), or other device capable of transmitting information from a user to a computer.
  • the input device may also take the form of a touch-screen associated with the display, in which case a user responds to prompts on the display by touching the screen.
  • the user may enter textual information through the input device such as the keyboard or the touch-screen.
  • Suitable output devices include, but are not limited to, visual output devices, including displays and printers, audio output devices, including speakers, headphones, earphones, and alarms, additive manufacturing devices, and haptic output devices.
  • the processor 710 further may be coupled to a network interface card 760.
  • the network interface card 760 prepares data generated by the processor 710 for transmission via a network according to one or more data transmission protocols.
  • the network interface card 760 may also be configured to decode data received via the network.
  • the network interface card 760 may include a transmitter, receiver, or both. Depending on the specific embodiment, the transmitter and receiver can be a single integrated component, or they may be two separate components.
  • the network interface card 760 may be embodied as a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any suitable combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a general process 800 for manufacturing a joint, such as those described above in connection with Figs. 1-5.
  • step 805 a digital representation of the device to be manufactured is designed using a computer, such as the computer 602a.
  • a computer such as the computer 602a.
  • a computer such as the computer 602a.
  • 2- D representation of the device may be used to create a 3-D model of the device.
  • 3- D data may be input to the computer 602a for aiding in designing the digital representation of the 3-D device.
  • the process continues to step 810, where information is sent from the computer 602a to an additive manufacturing device, such as additive manufacturing device 606.
  • the additive manufacturing device 606 begins manufacturing the 3-D device by performing an additive manufacturing process using suitable materials.
  • Suitable materials include, but are not limited to polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyurethane, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), PC-ABS, polyamide, polyamide with additives such as glass or metal particles, methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, resorbable materials such as polymer-ceramic composites, and other similar suitable materials. In some embodiments, commercially available materials may be utilized.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un cadre cible extérieur. Divers modes de réalisation consistent en des cadres cibles extérieures destinés à un balayage optique en 3D d'un objet pour évaluer la qualité dimensionnelle de l'objet par rapport à une spécification dimensionnelle de l'objet. Le cadre cible extérieur peut comporter une base de cadre et un cadre supérieur, qui peut comprendre une pluralité de faisceaux réglables ayant une pluralité de cibles de balayage fixées. Les cibles de balayage fixées peuvent comprendre des points de référence codés, destinés au balayage de l'objet. Les faisceaux réglables peuvent être couplés à la base du cadre et conçus pour être manœuvrés à des emplacements précis indiquant les dimensions de l'objet balayé. Le cadre supérieur peut comprendre une pluralité d'articulations rotoïdes présentant également la pluralité de cibles de balayage fixées. Les articulations rotoïdes peuvent être conçues pour conférer une liberté de mouvement aux faisceaux réglables pour permettre aux faisceaux réglables de se déployer vers une position de balayage.
PCT/EP2015/055584 2014-03-17 2015-03-17 Cadre cible extérieur destiné à un balayage optique d'objets en 3d WO2015140183A1 (fr)

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CN106674471A (zh) * 2015-11-11 2017-05-17 万华化学集团股份有限公司 一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法、用途和制品
CN111712686A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2020-09-25 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于车辆传感器校准的便携式设备
US20210239793A1 (en) * 2020-02-03 2021-08-05 Nio Usa, Inc. High precision multi-sensor extrinsic calibration via production line and mobile station

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US5141680A (en) 1988-04-18 1992-08-25 3D Systems, Inc. Thermal stereolighography
US20030079360A1 (en) * 1998-02-02 2003-05-01 Marcus Ziegler Device for use as a navigation link when measuring objects
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US5141680A (en) 1988-04-18 1992-08-25 3D Systems, Inc. Thermal stereolighography
US20030079360A1 (en) * 1998-02-02 2003-05-01 Marcus Ziegler Device for use as a navigation link when measuring objects
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106674471A (zh) * 2015-11-11 2017-05-17 万华化学集团股份有限公司 一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法、用途和制品
CN106674471B (zh) * 2015-11-11 2019-09-03 万华化学集团股份有限公司 一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法、用途和制品
CN111712686A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2020-09-25 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于车辆传感器校准的便携式设备
US20210239793A1 (en) * 2020-02-03 2021-08-05 Nio Usa, Inc. High precision multi-sensor extrinsic calibration via production line and mobile station
US11892560B2 (en) * 2020-02-03 2024-02-06 Nio Technology (Anhui) Co., Ltd High precision multi-sensor extrinsic calibration via production line and mobile station

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