WO2015139405A1 - 三维显示系统 - Google Patents

三维显示系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015139405A1
WO2015139405A1 PCT/CN2014/083422 CN2014083422W WO2015139405A1 WO 2015139405 A1 WO2015139405 A1 WO 2015139405A1 CN 2014083422 W CN2014083422 W CN 2014083422W WO 2015139405 A1 WO2015139405 A1 WO 2015139405A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display system
dimensional display
input
display device
pressure pump
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Application number
PCT/CN2014/083422
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周波
宋勇志
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方显示技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方显示技术有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US14/435,692 priority Critical patent/US9720247B2/en
Priority to EP14861147.8A priority patent/EP3121639B1/en
Publication of WO2015139405A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015139405A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G02B30/31—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers involving active parallax barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/31—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/366—Image reproducers using viewer tracking
    • H04N13/373—Image reproducers using viewer tracking for tracking forward-backward translational head movements, i.e. longitudinal movements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a three-dimensional display system.
  • Three-Dimensional (3D) display technology has attracted much attention. It can make the picture stereoscopic.
  • the basic principle is to use the left and right human eyes to receive different pictures separately, and the received image information is processed by the brain. Superimposed and regenerated to form an image with a stereoscopic effect.
  • An important display device capable of realizing 3D display is to provide a mask such as a slit grating or a liquid crystal grating on the light-emitting side of the display panel, and a plurality of viewing regions are formed on the light-emitting side of the display panel by using a slit grating or a liquid crystal grating.
  • the slit grating 101 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel as an example, and the light emitted by the different sub-pixel units 102 (described in FIG. 1 with five sub-pixel units as an example) on the display panel is illustrated. Shooting in different fields of view, the viewer's eyes 103 falling within different fields of view can produce a 3D sensation.
  • a is the distance between the sub-pixel unit 102 and the slit grating 101 on the display panel
  • b is the line of sight of the 3D display device, that is, the sub-pixel unit 102 on the display panel and the eyes 103 of the viewer. The distance between them.
  • the viewing distance b which causes the viewer to view the display panel is also fixed.
  • the crosstalk problem occurs, which affects the 3D display effect, which greatly limits the application range of the 3D display.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional display system for avoiding limitation of a 3D display by a fixed line of sight.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional display system, including: a display device, and a grating located on a light exiting side of the display device;
  • a distance adjustment structure disposed between the display device and the grating
  • the distance adjustment structure is for adjusting a line of sight of the three-dimensional display system by adjusting a distance of the display device from the grating.
  • the distance adjustment structure can adjust the line of sight of the three-dimensional display system by adjusting the distance between the display device and the grating, so that The three-dimensional display system is no longer limited by the fixed line of sight, so that the space adaptability of the three-dimensional display system is stronger and the application range is wider.
  • the display device is divided into a display area and a non-display area that is closed by a boundary surrounding the display area;
  • the distance adjustment structure includes at least one hollow cavity disposed in the non-display area, and the volume of the hollow cavity is correspondingly increased or decreased by inputting or outputting a gas or a liquid to the cavity of the hollow cavity.
  • the hollow cavity is an annular cavity surrounding the display area, in order to enable the entire grating to be moved parallel to the display device.
  • the at least one hollow cavity is plural, and is uniformly or non-uniformly disposed in the non-display area.
  • the distance adjustment structure further includes:
  • At least one pair of input ports and output ports disposed on the cavity wall of the hollow cavity, an input pressure pump connected to the input port, and an output pressure pump connected to the output port, disposed at the input port and the inlet
  • the input pressure pump is integrated with the output pressure pump as a pressure pump or as two separate pressure pumps.
  • the type of the input pressure pump and the output pressure pump is a pneumatic pump or a hydraulic pump.
  • the input pressure pump and the output pressure pump are two separate pressure pumps, the input pressure pump and the output pressure pump are of the same type or different types.
  • the three-dimensional display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided in order to ensure uniformity of the gas or the liquid in the entire cavity of the hollow cavity, and to ensure that the display device and the grating are parallel to each other, thereby ensuring the display effect of the three-dimensional display system.
  • the spacing between each of the two adjacent pairs of the input port and the output port is equal.
  • the distance adjustment structure further includes: a first flow controller disposed between the input port and the input valve or between the input valve and the input pressure pump; A second flow controller between the port and the output valve or between the output valve and the output pressure pump.
  • the cross-sectional area of the hollow cavity at different depths in the depth direction of the display is constant or not constant, wherein the depth direction refers to a direction perpendicular to a display plane of the display.
  • the amount of increase or decrease in the volume of the hollow cavity is obtained by real-time calculation or by a look-up table (LUT) lookup operation.
  • LUT look-up table
  • the grating is a slit grating or a liquid crystal grating.
  • the display device is a liquid crystal display device or an organic electroluminescence display device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a three-dimensional display device in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a side view showing a structure of a three-dimensional display system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams of optical paths of a three-dimensional display system before and after adjusting a line of sight according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 4a and 4b are schematic top plan views of a three-dimensional display system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a three-dimensional display system includes: a display device 1 and a grating 2 located on a light exiting side of the display device 1;
  • a distance adjustment structure 3 disposed between the display device 1 and the grating 2;
  • the distance adjustment structure 3 is used to adjust the line of sight of the three-dimensional display system by adjusting the distance between the display device 1 and the grating 2.
  • the distance adjusting structure 3 can adjust the three-dimensional display by adjusting the distance between the display device 1 and the grating 2.
  • the line-of-sight of the system makes the three-dimensional display system no longer limited by the fixed line of sight, so that the space adaptability of the three-dimensional display system is stronger and the application range is wider.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of optical paths of the three-dimensional display system before and after adjusting the viewing distance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device 1 in each of the sub-pixel unit 4 and the distance between the second grating is a 1, i.e., horizon three-dimensional display system of the display device 1 of each sub-pixel units 4 and 5 eyes of the viewer The distance between them is b 1 ; as shown in FIG.
  • each sub-pixel unit 4 and the grating 2 in the display device 1 changes by ⁇ a, correspondingly, the line-of-sight variation ⁇ b of the three-dimensional display system, each sub-pixel unit 4 and the grating 2 in the display device 1
  • the relationship between the amount of change ⁇ a between the distances and the amount of change ⁇ b of the line of sight of the three-dimensional display system is: Where c is the width of the sub-pixel unit 4 and d is the pitch of the eyes d of the viewer d.
  • the display device 1 can be calculated.
  • the distance between each sub-pixel unit 4 and the grating 2 needs to be increased by about 1.8 mm.
  • the display device 1 can be divided into a display area 6 and a non-display area 7 that surrounds the boundary of the display area 6;
  • the distance adjusting structure 3 may specifically include at least one hollow cavity 8 disposed in the non-display area 7; by inputting or outputting gas or liquid into the cavity of the center cavity 8, the volume of the hollow cavity 8 is correspondingly increased or decreased, thereby The distance between the display device 1 and the grating 2 (not shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b) is changed, so that the viewing distance of the three-dimensional display system can be adjusted.
  • Fig. 4a is an illustration in which four hollow cavities 8 are provided in the non-display area 7 of the display device 1.
  • a plurality of hollow cavities 8 can be uniformly disposed in the non-display area 7 of the display device 1
  • FIG. 4a is four
  • the hollow cavities 8 are respectively disposed at four corners in the non-display area 7 of the display device 1 as an example.
  • the number of the cavities 8 as shown in FIG. 4a is not limited to four, and the distribution of the cavities 8 may be other ways, such as a non-uniform manner, which is not limited herein.
  • the distance adjustment structure 3 may include only one hollow cavity 8
  • the hollow cavity 8 is an annular cavity surrounding the display area 6.
  • the width e of the projection of the hollow cavity 8 in the non-display area 7 of the display device 1 is generally set to be larger than 0 mm and smaller than or equal to 25 mm.
  • the line of sight in the three-dimensional display system Need to adjust ⁇ b, when the distance between each sub-pixel unit 4 and the grating 2 in the display device 1 needs to be adjusted by ⁇ a, the volume in the cavity of the hollow cavity 8 needs to be changed.
  • S is the cross-sectional area of the hollow cavity 8.
  • the cross-sectional area of the hollow cavity 8 is 100 mm 2 , and the line of sight of the three-dimensional display system needs to be increased by 1 m.
  • the distance between the display device 1 and the grating 2 needs to be increased by 1.8 mm
  • the volume of the cavity of the hollow cavity 8 needs to be increased. Change 0.18 mL.
  • the cross-sectional area of the hollow cavity 8 at different depths in the depth direction of the display 1 may not be constant.
  • the volume change value of the cavity of the hollow cavity 8 required for realizing the line-of-sight adjustment can be calculated in real time, for example, according to the specific shape and area of the cross section of the hollow cavity 8, using the view required by the three-dimensional display system
  • the relationship between the adjustment value ⁇ b and the line-of-sight adjustment value ⁇ b and the amount of change ⁇ a of the distance between each sub-pixel unit 4 and the grating 2 in the display device 1 can calculate the cavity of the required cavity 8 in real time.
  • the volume change value of the body thereby controlling the input/output pressure pump input/output gas or liquid, thereby realizing the line-of-sight adjustment of the three-dimensional display system. Or, you can use the lookup table to reduce the amount of computation and increase the processing speed of the system.
  • the correspondence between the volume change values of the cavity is pre-stored in the memory in the form of a lookup table, and when the line of sight adjustment is performed, the lookup operation of the lookup table can be used to obtain the desired current line of sight, and the desired
  • the line-of-sight adjustment value ⁇ b corresponds to the volume change value of the cavity of the hollow cavity 8, and in turn controls the input/output pressure pump to input/output gas or liquid accordingly.
  • the distance adjustment structure 3 may further include: at least one pair of input ports 9 and outputs disposed on the cavity wall of the hollow cavity 8.
  • Port 10 an input pressure pump 11 connected to the input port 9, an output pressure pump 12 connected to the output port 10, an input valve 13 provided between the input port 9 and the input pressure pump 11, and an output port 10 and an output An output valve 14 between the pressure pumps 12.
  • the input pressure pump 11 fills the cavity of the hollow cavity 8 with gas or liquid
  • the output pressure pump 12 draws gas or liquid from the cavity of the hollow cavity 8.
  • 4a is exemplified by the connection mode of one of the hollow cavities 8 with the input pressure pump 11 and the output pressure pump 12, and the other three hollow cavities 8 are connected to the input pressure pump 11 and the output pressure pump 12 in a similar manner. Do not repeat them.
  • the input valve 13 and the output valve 14 are all in a closed state, and the display is performed.
  • the distance between the device 1 and the grating 2 is constant, the viewing distance of the three-dimensional display system is constant, and the display effect of the three-dimensional display system is ensured; when the line of sight of the three-dimensional display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention needs to be increased, the input valve 13 is at In the open state, the output valve 14 is in the closed state, and the input pressure pump 11 is filled with gas or liquid into the cavity of the hollow cavity 8, so that the distance between the display device 1 and the grating 2 is increased, thereby increasing the line of sight of the three-dimensional display system.
  • the input valve 13 When it is required to reduce the line of sight of the above three-dimensional display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the input valve 13 is in a closed state, the output valve 14 is in an open state, and the output pressure pump 12 draws gas or liquid from the cavity of the hollow cavity 8 . The distance between the display device 1 and the grating 2 is reduced, thereby reducing the line of sight of the three-dimensional display system.
  • FIG. 4a separate input pressure pumps 11 and output pressure pumps 12 and input may be respectively provided.
  • the port 9 is connected to the output port 10; alternatively, as shown in Fig. 4b, the input pressure pump 11 and the output pressure pump 12 are integrated into a pressure pump, and the input port 9 and the output port 10 are set to both the pressure pump (Fig. 4b is described by taking the input pressure pump 11 as an example), which also saves production costs.
  • the above-mentioned three-dimensional display system can provide a sufficient number of input ports 9 and output ports 10 on the cavity wall of the hollow cavity 8, in particular for a larger-sized three-dimensional display system.
  • the gas or the liquid in the entire cavity of the hollow cavity 8 can be uniformly accessed, and the display device 1 and the grating 2 are parallel to each other, thereby ensuring the display effect of the three-dimensional display system.
  • one or more pairs of input ports 9 and output ports 10 may be respectively disposed on the cavity wall of each hollow cavity 8; hollow in FIG. 4b In the cavity 8, one or more pairs of input ports 9 and output ports 10 may be respectively disposed on the cavity walls of the four sides of the hollow cavity 8.
  • the above three-dimensional display provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided.
  • a hollow cavity 8 i.e., any of the hollow cavities 8 as shown in Figure 4a or the annular hollow cavities 8 as shown in Figure 4b
  • two adjacent pairs of input ports 9 and outputs may be used.
  • the spacing between the ports 10 is set to be equal, i.e., pairs of input ports 9 and output ports 10 are evenly disposed on the cavity wall of the hollow cavity 8.
  • the specific type of the input pressure pump 11 and the output pressure pump 12 may be a pneumatic pump or a hydraulic pump, which is not limited herein. Also, when the input pressure pump 11 and the output pressure pump 12 are separate two pressure pumps, their types may be the same or different.
  • the gas or liquid can be filled or extracted into the hollow cavity 8 by a pneumatic pump or a hydraulic pump, and the distance between the grating 2 and the display device 1 can be adjusted, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the viewing distance of the three-dimensional display system.
  • the gas in the air pump may be any gas with good stability and safety, and is not limited herein;
  • the hydraulic pump may be a hydraulic pump or a hydraulic pump, which is not limited herein.
  • the input pressure pump 11 and the output pressure pump 12 may also be other substances with better fluidity, which is not limited herein.
  • the distance adjustment structure 3 may further include: a first flow controller 15 disposed between the input port 9 and the input pressure pump 12; A second flow controller 16 between the output port 10 and the output pressure pump 11.
  • the first flow controller 15 may be specifically disposed between the input port 9 and the input valve 13 or between the input valve 13 and the input pressure pump 12; the interior of the first flow controller 15 may be provided with control to enter the hollow A first flow control valve 17 for the flow of gas or liquid within the chamber of the chamber 8.
  • the second flow controller 16 may be specifically disposed between the output port 10 and the output valve 14, or between the output valve 14 and the output pressure pump 11; the interior of the second flow controller 16 may be provided with control by the hollow cavity 8 A second flow control valve 18 for the flow of gas or liquid drawn from the chamber.
  • the first flow control valve 17 and the second flow control valve 18 may employ various gas flow control valves or liquid control valves that are common in the art, which is not limited herein. It should be noted that the case where the input pressure pump 11 and the output pressure pump 12 are separate is described here, but as described above, the input pressure pump 11 and the output pressure pump 12 may be integrated into one pressure pump.
  • the grating 2 may be a slit grating, or may be a liquid crystal grating, which is not limited herein.
  • the structure of the slit grating and the liquid crystal grating can have various implementations, and will not be described herein.
  • the distance between the grating 2 and the display device 1 is adjusted by the distance adjustment structure 3, so that the line of sight of the three-dimensional display system can be adjusted.
  • the three-dimensional display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking a slit grating as the grating 2 as an example.
  • the specific implementation of the liquid crystal grating as the grating 2 refers to an embodiment in which a slit grating is used as the grating 2, and Make a statement.
  • the display device 1 may be a liquid crystal display device, or may be an organic electroluminescence display device, which is not limited herein.
  • the structures of the liquid crystal display device and the organic electroluminescent display device can have various implementations, and are not described herein.
  • the liquid crystal display device 1 in the above three-dimensional display system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device
  • the liquid crystal display device may specifically be an advanced super-dimensional field switching type (ADS), a twisted nematic type (TN) or an in-plane. Switch type (IPS), etc., do not limit here set.
  • ADS advanced super-dimensional field switching type
  • TN twisted nematic type
  • IPS in-plane. Switch type
  • a three-dimensional display system includes: a display device and a grating on a light exiting side of the display device, wherein the distance adjusting structure is adjusted by adjusting the display device and the grating due to a distance adjustment structure added between the display device and the grating
  • the distance between the three-dimensional display system can be adjusted, so that the three-dimensional display system is no longer limited by the fixed line of sight, so that the space adaptability of the three-dimensional display system is stronger and the application range is wider.

Abstract

一种三维显示系统，包括：显示器件（1）和位于显示器件（1）出光侧的光栅（2），由于在显示器件（1）和光栅（2）之间增加一距离调整结构（3），该距离调整结构（3）通过调整显示器件（1）和光栅（2）之间的距离，可以调整三维显示系统的视距，使得三维显示系统不再受固定的视距的限制，从而可以使三维显示系统的空间适应能力更强，应用范围更广。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　三维显示系统 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种三维显示系统。
背景技术
目前，三维(Three-Dimensional，3D)显示技术已经备受关注，它可以使画面变得立体逼真，其最基本的原理是利用左右人眼分别接收不同的画面，经过大脑对接收的图像信息进行叠加重生，构成立体方向效果的影像。
现有的一种重要的可以实现3D显示的显示装置是在显示面板的出光侧设置狭缝光栅或液晶光栅等遮蔽物，利用狭缝光栅或液晶光栅在显示面板的出光侧形成若干视区。如图1所示，以在显示面板的出光侧设置狭缝光栅101为例进行说明，显示面板上的不同的亚像素单元102(图1以5个亚像素单元为例进行说明)发出的光射落在不同的视场内，观看者的双眼103落在不同的视场内可以产生3D感觉。如图1所示，a为显示面板上的亚像素单元102与狭缝光栅101之间的距离，b为3D显示装置的视距即显示面板上的亚像素单元102与观看者的双眼103之间的距离。
在现有的3D显示技术中，由于狭缝光栅或液晶光栅与显示面板之间的距离a是固定的，会导致观看者观看显示面板的视距b也是固定的。观看者在除该视距b以外的其他距离处观看显示面板，均会产生串扰的问题，影响3D显示效果，这样大大限制了3D显示的应用范围。
因此，如何使3D显示避免受到固定的视距的限制，是本领域技术人员亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供了一种三维显示系统，用以使3D显示避免受到固定的视距的限制。
因此，本发明实施例提供了一种三维显示系统，包括：显示器件，以及位于所述显示器件出光侧的光栅；还包括：
设置于所述显示器件和所述光栅之间的距离调整结构；
所述距离调整结构用于通过调整所述显示器件与所述光栅的距离，以调整所述三维显示系统的视距。
本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统，由于在显示器件和光栅之间增加一距离调整结构，该距离调整结构通过调整显示器件和光栅之间的距离，可以调整三维显示系统的视距，使得三维显示系统不再受固定的视距的限制，从而可以使三维显示系统的空间适应能力更强，应用范围更广。
具体地，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，所述显示器件分为显示区域和包围所述显示区域的边界闭合的非显示区域；
所述距离调整结构包括设置于所述非显示区域的至少一个中空腔，通过对所述中空腔的腔体输入或输出气体或液体，使所述中空腔的容积相应增大或减小。
较佳地，为了使整个光栅能够平行于显示器件移动，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，所述中空腔为一包围所述显示区域的环状腔。
可选地，所述至少一个中空腔为多个，且均匀或非均匀地设置于所述非显示区域。
进一步地，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，所述距离调整结构还包括：
设置于所述中空腔的腔壁上的至少一对输入口和输出口，与所述输入口相连的输入压力泵，与所述输出口相连的输出压力泵，设置于所述输入口和所述输入压力泵之间的输入阀门，以及设置于所述输出口和所述输出压力泵之间的输出阀门。
具体地，所述输入压力泵与所述输出压力泵集成为一个压力泵，或者为分立的两个压力泵。
较佳地，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，所述输入压力泵与所述输出压力泵的类型为气压泵或液压泵。
进一步地，当所述输入压力泵与所述输出压力泵为分立的两个压力泵时，所述输入压力泵与所述输出压力泵的类型为相同或不同。
较佳地，为了使中空腔的整个腔体中气体或液体能够均匀进出，保证显示器件和光栅之间相互平行，从而保证三维显示系统的显示效果，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，在一所述中空腔中， 每相邻的两对所述输入口和所述输出口之间的间距均相等。
进一步地，为了可以精密地控制中空腔的容积的变化，从而精密地调整显示器件和光栅之间的距离，实现精密地调整三维显示系统的视距的目的，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，所述距离调整结构还包括：设置于所述输入口和所述输入阀门之间或者所述输入阀门与所述输入压力泵之间的第一流量控制器；设置于所述输出口和所述输出阀门之间或者所述输出阀门与所述输出压力泵之间的第二流量控制器。
可选地，所述中空腔在所述显示器的深度方向上不同深度处的截面面积为恒定或不为恒定，其中，所述深度方向是指垂直于所述显示器的显示平面的方向。
可选地，所述中空腔的容积增大或减小的量通过实时计算得到或者通过查找表(LUT)查找操作得到。
具体地，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，所述光栅为狭缝光栅或液晶光栅。
具体地，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，所述显示器件为液晶显示器件或有机电致发光显示器件。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的三维显示装置的光路示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的三维显示系统的侧视结构示意图；
图3a和图3b分别为本发明实施例提供的三维显示系统在调节视距前后的光路示意图；
图4a和图4b分别为本发明实施例提供的三维显示系统的俯视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明实施例提供的三维显示系统的具体实施方式进行详细地说明。
本发明实施例提供的一种三维显示系统，如图2所示，包括：显示器件1，以及位于显示器件1出光侧的光栅2；还包括：
设置于显示器件1和光栅2之间的距离调整结构3；
距离调整结构3用于通过调整显示器件1与光栅2的距离，以调整三维显示系统的视距。
本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统，由于在显示器件1和光栅2之间增加一距离调整结构3，该距离调整结构3通过调整显示器件1和光栅2之间的距离，可以调整三维显示系统的视距，使得三维显示系统不再受固定的视距的限制，从而可以使三维显示系统的空间适应能力更强，应用范围更广。
图3a和图3b分别为本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统在调整视距前后的光路示意图。如图3a所示，显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与光栅2之间的距离为a1，三维显示系统的视距即显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与观看者的双眼5之间的距离为b1；如图3b所示，通过距离调整结构3的调整后，显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与光栅2之间的距离变为a2，三维显示系统的视距即显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与观看者的双眼5之间的距离变为b2；这样，通过距离调整结构3的调整后，显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与光栅2的距离的变化量为Δa＝a2-a1，三维显示系统的视距的变化量为Δb＝b2-b1。
具体地，在显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与光栅2之间的距离变化Δa时，相应地，三维显示系统的视距变化Δb，显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与光栅2之间的距离的变化量Δa与三维显示系统的视距的变化量Δb之间的关系为：
Figure PCTCN2014083422-appb-000001
其中，c为亚像素单元4的宽度，d为观看者d双眼5的间距。例如：在亚像素单元4的宽度c为90μm，观看者的双眼5的间距d为5cm时，若三维显示系统的视距根据应用环境需要增大Δb为1m，则可以计算出显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与光栅2之间的距离需要增大约1.8mm。
具体地，本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统在具体实施时，如图4a和图4b所示，显示器件1可以分为显示区域6和包围显示区域6的边界闭合的非显示区域7；距离调整结构3具体可以包括设置于非显示区域7的至少一个中空腔8；通过对中空腔8的腔体输入或输出气体或液体，使中空腔8的容积相应增大或减小，从而可以改变显示器件1和光栅2(图4a和图4b中未示出)之间的距离，进而可以实现三维显示系统的视距可调的目的。
图4a是以在显示器件1的非显示区域7设置四个中空腔8为例进行说明的。为了能够保证显示器件1和光栅2之间相互平行，从而保证三维显示系统的显示效果，可以将多个中空腔8均匀的设置于显示器件1的非显示区域7，图4a是以将四个中空腔8分别设置在显示器件1的非显示区域7中的四个拐角处为例进行说明的。当然，如图4a所示的中空腔8的数量并非局限于4个，并且，中空腔8的分布方式还可以为其他方式，例如非均匀的方式，在此不做限定。
较佳地，为了使整个光栅2能够平行于显示器件1进行移动，本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统在具体实施时，如图4b所示，距离调整结构3可以仅包括一个中空腔8，该中空腔8为一包围所述显示区域6的环状腔。
具体地，在如图4a和图4b所示的距离调整结构3中，一般将中空腔8在显示器件1的非显示区域7的投影的宽度e设置为大于0 mm，且小于或等于25mm。
在本发明的一个实施例中，假定中空腔8在显示器1的深度方向(即垂直于显示器1的显示平面的方向)上不同深度处的截面面积为恒定，那么，在三维显示系统的视距需要调节Δb，显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与光栅2之间的距离需要调节Δa时，中空腔8的腔体内的容积需要变化
Figure PCTCN2014083422-appb-000002
其中，S为中空腔8的截面面积。例如：中空腔8的截面面积为100mm2，在三维显示系统的视距需要增大1m，显示器件1与光栅2之间的距离需要增大1.8mm时，中空腔8的腔体内的容积需要变化0.18mL。
本领域技术人员应当理解，在本发明的其他实施例中，中空腔8在显示器1的深度方向上不同深度处的截面面积也可以不为恒定。在这种情况下，可以实时地计算为实现视距调整所需要的中空腔8的腔体的容积变化值，例如，根据中空腔8的截面的具体形状和面积，利用三维显示系统需要的视距调节值Δb以及该视距调节值Δb与显示器件1中的各亚像素单元4与光栅2之间的距离的变化量Δa之间的关系，可以实时地计算所需要的中空腔8的腔体的容积变化值，由此控制输入/输出压力泵输入/输出气体或液体，从而实现三维显示系统的视距调整。或者，考虑到减少运算量和提高系统处理速度，也可以利用查找表 (Look Up Table，LUT)的查找操作来得到所需要的中空腔8的腔体的容积变化值，例如，将三维显示系统的当前视距、所需的视距调节值Δb以及中空腔8的腔体的容积变化值之间的对应关系以查找表的形式预先存储在存储器中，在进行视距调整时，可以通过查找表的查找操作来获得在特定的当前视距下，与所需的视距调节值Δb相对应的中空腔8的腔体的容积变化值，并进而控制输入/输出压力泵相应地输入/输出气体或液体。
具体地，本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统在具体实施时，如图4a所示，距离调整结构3还可以包括：设置于中空腔8的腔壁上的至少一对输入口9和输出口10，与输入口9相连的输入压力泵11，与输出口10相连的输出压力泵12，设置于输入口9和输入压力泵11之间的输入阀门13，以及设置于输出口10和输出压力泵12之间的输出阀门14。其中，在输入阀门13打开时，输入压力泵11向中空腔8的腔体内充入气体或液体，在输出阀门14打开时，输出压力泵12从中空腔8的腔体内抽出气体或液体。图4a仅以其中一个中空腔8与输入压力泵11和输出压力泵12的连接方式为例进行说明，其他三个中空腔8与输入压力泵11和输出压力泵12的连接方式类似，在此不做赘述。
在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统用于正常3D显示时，即不需要调整本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统的视距时，输入阀门13和输出阀门14均处于关闭状态，显示器件1和光栅2之间的距离一定，三维显示系统的视距一定，保证三维显示系统的显示效果；在需要增大本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统的视距时，输入阀门13处于开启状态，输出阀门14处于关闭状态，输入压力泵11向中空腔8的腔体内充入气体或液体，使显示器件1和光栅2之间的距离增大，从而增大三维显示系统的视距；在需要减小本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统的视距时，输入阀门13处于关闭状态，输出阀门14处于开启状态，输出压力泵12由中空腔8的腔体内抽出气体或液体，使显示器件1和光栅2之间的距离减小，从而减小三维显示系统的视距。
本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统在具体实施时，可以如图4a所示，设置分立的两个输入压力泵11和输出压力泵12分别与输入 口9和输出口10相连；或者，还可以如图4b所示，输入压力泵11和输出压力泵12集成为一个压力泵，将输入口9和输出口10设置为均与该压力泵(图4b以输入压力泵11为例进行说明)相连，这样还可以节约生产成本。
较佳地，本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统在具体实施时，可以在中空腔8的腔壁上设置足够数量的输入口9和输出口10，尤其对于较大尺寸的三维显示系统而言，这样可以保证中空腔8的整个腔体中气体或液体能够均匀进出，保证显示器件1和光栅2之间相互平行，从而保证三维显示系统的显示效果。例如：在如图4a所示的四个中空腔8中，可以在每个中空腔8的腔壁上分别设置一对或多对输入口9和输出口10；在如图4b所示的中空腔8中，可以在中空腔8的四个侧边的腔壁上分别设置一对或多对输入口9和输出口10。
为了进一步地使中空腔8的整个腔体中气体或液体能够均匀进出，保证显示器件1和光栅2之间相互平行，从而保证三维显示系统的显示效果，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，在一中空腔8(即如图4a所示的任一中空腔8或如图4b所示的环状的中空腔8)中，可以将每相邻的两对输入口9和输出口10之间的间距设置为均相等，即在中空腔8的腔壁上均匀地设置各对输入口9和输出口10。
具体地，本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统在具体实施时，输入压力泵11和输出压力泵12的具体类型可以为气压泵或液压泵，在此不做限定。并且，当输入压力泵11和输出压力泵12为分立的两个压力泵时，它们的类型可以相同或不同。通过气压泵或液压泵向中空腔8中充入或抽出气体或液体，可以调整光栅2与显示器件1之间的距离，从而实现三维显示系统的视距可调的目的。
具体地，气压泵内的气体可以为稳定性和安全性较好的任意气体，在此不做限定；液压泵具体可以油压泵，或者，也可以为水压泵，在此不做限定。
当然，本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统在具体实施时，输入压力泵11和输出压力泵12内还可以为流动性较好的其他物质，在此不做限定。
进一步地，为了可以精密地控制中空腔8的容积的变化，从而精密地调整显示器件1和光栅2之间的距离，实现精密地调整三维显示 系统的视距的目的，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，距离调整结构3还可以包括：设置于输入口9和输入压力泵12之间的第一流量控制器15；设置于输出口10和输出压力泵11之间的第二流量控制器16。其中，第一流量控制器15可以具体设置于输入口9和输入阀门13之间，或者设置于输入阀门13与输入压力泵12之间；第一流量控制器15的内部可以设置有控制进入中空腔8的腔体内的气体或液体的流量的第一流量控制阀门17。第二流量控制器16可以具体设置于输出口10和输出阀门14之间，或者设置于输出阀门14与输出压力泵11之间；第二流量控制器16的内部可以设置有控制由中空腔8的腔体内抽出的气体或液体的流量的第二流量控制阀门18。根据具体的流体类型，第一流量控制阀门17和第二流量控制阀门18可以采用本领域常见的各种气体流量控制阀或液体控制阀，在此不做限定。需要注意的是，此处是以输入压力泵11和输出压力泵12为分立的情况为例进行说明，但是如前所述，输入压力泵11和输出压力泵12也可以集成为一个压力泵。
具体地，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，光栅2具体可以为狭缝光栅，或者，也可以为液晶光栅，在此不做限定。并且，狭缝光栅和液晶光栅的结构可以具有多种实现情况，在此不做赘述。通过距离调整结构3调整光栅2与显示器件1之间的距离，可以实现三维显示系统的视距可调的目的。
本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统均是以采用狭缝光栅作为光栅2为例进行说明的，采用液晶光栅作为光栅2的具体实施参照采用狭缝光栅作为光栅2的实施例，在此不做赘述。
具体地，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中，显示器件1具体可以为液晶显示器件，或者，也可以为有机电致发光显示器件，在此不做限定。并且，液晶显示器件和有机电致发光显示器件的结构可以具有多种实现情况，在此不做赘述。通过距离调整结构3调整光栅2与显示器件1之间的距离，可以实现调整三维显示系统的视距可调的目的。
此外，在本发明实施例提供的上述三维显示系统中的显示器件1为液晶显示器件时，液晶显示器件具体可以为高级超维场开关型(ADS)、扭转向列型(TN)或平面内开关型(IPS)等，在此不做限 定。
本发明实施例提供的一种三维显示系统，包括：显示器件和位于显示器件出光侧的光栅，由于在显示器件和光栅之间增加一距离调整结构，该距离调整结构通过调整显示器件和光栅之间的距离，可以调整三维显示系统的视距，使得三维显示系统不再受固定的视距的限制，从而可以使三维显示系统的空间适应能力更强，应用范围更广。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种三维显示系统，包括：
    显示器件，
    位于所述显示器件出光侧的光栅；以及
    设置于所述显示器件和所述光栅之间的距离调整结构，其中所述距离调整结构通过调整所述显示器件与所述光栅的距离来调整所述三维显示系统的视距。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的三维显示系统，其中，所述显示器件分为显示区域和包围所述显示区域的边界闭合的非显示区域；
    所述距离调整结构包括设置于所述非显示区域的至少一个中空腔，通过对所述中空腔的腔体输入或输出气体或液体，使所述中空腔的容积相应增大或减小。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的三维显示系统，其中，所述中空腔为一包围所述显示区域的环状腔。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的三维显示系统，其中，所述至少一个中空腔包括均匀地设置于所述非显示区域的多个中空腔。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的三维显示系统，其中，所述距离调整结构还包括：
    设置于所述中空腔的腔壁上的至少一对输入口和输出口，与所述输入口相连的输入压力泵，与所述输出口相连的输出压力泵，设置于所述输入口和所述输入压力泵之间的输入阀门，以及设置于所述输出口和所述输出压力泵之间的输出阀门。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的三维显示系统，其中，所述输入压力泵与所述输出压力泵集成为一个压力泵。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的三维显示系统，其中，当所述输入压力泵与所述输出压力泵为分立的两个压力泵。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的三维显示系统，其中，在一所述中空腔中，每相邻的两对所述输入口和所述输出口之间的间距均相等。
  9. 如权利要求5所述的三维显示系统，其中，所述距离调整结构还包括：设置于所述输入口和所述输入阀门之间或者所述输入阀门与所述输入压力泵之间的第一流量控制器；设置于所述输出口和所述输 出阀门之间或者所述输出阀门与所述输出压力泵之间的第二流量控制器。
  10. 如权利要求2所述的三维显示系统，其中，所述中空腔的容积增大或减小的量通过实时计算得到或者通过查找表(LUT)查找操作得到。
  11. 如权利要求1-10任一项所述的三维显示系统，其中，所述光栅为狭缝光栅或液晶光栅。
  12. 如权利要求1-10任一项所述的三维显示系统，其中，所述显示器件为液晶显示器件或有机电致发光显示器件。
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