WO2015133906A1 - A movable cooling machine, and a method, for cooling of solid material and/or freezing of liquids in a treatment area of said cooling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A movable cooling machine (1) and methods for cooling/freezing of all forms of liquid and solid matter, for example, wet snow in the ski trails, surface water, embankments, mines or roads and adapted for cooling medium such as dry ice and liquid nitrogen, in which the friction member (23), in particular wheels, skids or pontoons, resting on the surface, and forms a tight unit against the treatment area with the insulating members (3) and against the treatment area sliding insulating blade (5). Inside the cooling machine (1) is temperature sensor (37) whose quantities are processed in a controller which regulates the supply of coolant through the gas tap (13) and the speakers/vibrator (61) which reduces the Leiden-frost effect. By sealing the cooling unit against the treatment area and continuous determination of the temperature and air pressure, so are the supply of coolant optimized and cost and labor requirements are minimized and the quality of the work can be continuously monitored.

Description

A movable cooling machine, and a method, for cooling of solid material and/or freezing of liquids in a treatment area of said cooling machine

TECHNICAL R£10

The present invention relates to a movable cooling machine thai durin operation forms a sealed unit with that to be cooled , and is designed for cooling, and freezing -of ail forms of liquids and solids In the device treatment area, such as n or on surfaces such as wet ski trails, roads, mines or surface water.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There is often a problem to preserve and produce cold, ice sod snow when there is a need outdoors, for example when oil or chemicals risk drain into a water source, or at ski races where the snow can melt and make justice racing conditions Impossible, if a ski race is forced to be stopped so will much money be at stake and the organizer risks losing the ability to hold a new competition next year. And the skiers, the audience and nearby restaurants and hotels will suffer. There Is a long queue of localities wishing to keep skiing competitions but many have problems to ensure the availability of snow, it is therefore common to store snow in large piles or freezing hails and then run out the snow in the ski trails or ski slope just bef ore the race. This Is of course very time a nd labor intensive, a nd many machines Is also required to move and spread snow effectively. Today it is also common to salt ski-trails, downhill courses and ski slopes to temporarily give a slightly harder snow. The increasingly milder winters also produces problems on ice roads, embankments, gravel roads and the like which often becomes sticky and impassable during heavy rainfall or spring thaw, particularly affecting heavier vehicles such as military aircraft, forestry and logging trucks. And also, for example car- rallying Is sometimes forced to move far north because of poor bearing capacity, or that the road is not covered with ice and snow and provides the desired winter conditions on land or water. Running water Is also often a problem, for example, when tunneling and mini g,, where it sometimes also is a need for temperature differences to induce eg cracking of the rock.

PRIOR ART

There are methods to spray ski tracks and other surfaces with water,, and then use liquid gas, such as nitrogen, to freeze the water, here can he mentioned EPG5 1867 {A3}, by Morloka, Kojk And in FR2716907 by Pierre owaiewski, Christian Despaigne Gonzaguegr, they describe how to spray the area to be frozen with liquid nitrogen from a variety of novates placed on a cart pulled by a vehicle over the area to be frozen, where the consumption of coolant is equivalent to 100000 liters of gas per 100 meter < FR27163S2 by jean-Pierre Liset describes a method to first, produce snowflakes and place them against the ground. Where then a new layer with liquid nitrogen may affect for a while, and then apply water that may freeze. Where the procedure is repeated until the desired thickness of the ice has been achieved. U.S. Patent No.4,914,923 by Max Duplan relates to the milling of ski tracks and with a sprinkler ramp for irrigation of the snow on the ground, in patent CA2384457 by Makarenka Alex, Horodenka Michael, Dawe Steve is described a device for manufacturing a layer of Ice on a frozen surface with wate sprayi g and cooling. There are other devices and methods for milling and also compress the snow and ice, for example U.S. Patent No.4,057,916, by oemer, Benjamin C< and the US Patent number 4,391,051, by Bachler, Anton 8 describing milling ski tracks. FR26079Q9 (Ai) by Duplan Max,. Oirardin Pierre, describes an invention with a blade and a cutter to smooth the surface and fitted with sprinkler system to water the ground. A crucial problem wit the known methods of cooling and simulta eous treatment of the surface to he cooled Is that they have a *e y high consumption of coolant, Partly because of the generated cooling gas is not sufficiently separated from the surrounding air, whit which it rapidly mixes and blows away. And when the air pressure in the treatment area is the same as the prevailing air pressure so will it be more difficult to adapt to the desired temperature and airflow and air pressure In the treatment area. While obviously an ail-terrain spreader systems for liquefied gas that Is not fully encapsulated may pose a hazard to humans and animals. Another problem that frequently occurs with known methods for the spread of coolant is that liquid coolant I contact with matter that is much warmer than the liquid's boiling point forms an insulating layer of vapor, and called the Leiden frost effect. Preventing the liquid to boil rapidly and in this occasion also cool ths substrate efficiently. Which is the same effect that allows one to dip your fingers I liquid lead by first dipping them In water, or that a water droplet can dance on a glowing ho plate for a long time, more of the Leiden frost effect ca be read at hitp; en. wikipedia.org wiki/Leidenfrost_effect, If liquid refrigerant gas is just sprayed onto a surface so will large quantities be required to achieve an effect, and if the refrigerant gas Is sprayed against something located above or on the side wall, for example in a mine, would provide very low ffect and he dangerous for the surroundings.

High consumption- also means comprehensive transportation and handling of gas cylinders.

Furthermore, in the described methods takes not accoun for the often varying needs of coolant in relation to the desired economic optimum temperature of air to cool the substrate. At the same time so knows the operator not the optimal speed regarding consumption of coolant to achieve the desired cooling effect, especially when the nature of the ground surface changes, Additionally drops flow per unit time^' hen the pressure drops In the gas cylinder/bottle if you do not use flow controller, why the speed must be reduced if the same amount of coolant Is to be spread a l the time, and you do not have full control of the fullness of the gas cylinder. And a chiller operating at very low temperatures must of course be equipped with statutory safety equipment and be approved by the State Control net to be a danger to the operator or the environment. The cooling machines existing today have very Utile market because the cost of coolant Is considered too high and the risk of injury is too large, while the quality of the end result Is considered too variable, for example, ski dubs and organizers of competitions shall use existing machines outdoors. And a requirement for the chiller to wook for this purpos is also the need to handle diverse and

demanding terrain and weather.

Dry Ice produced from carbon ioxide and sublimates directly Int the gaseous state at the constant temperature of «78.5 ° C, used particular in applications to be cooled at a constant low temperatur and low humidity, Liquid gases, especially carbon dioxide and nitrogen, are now very common methods for example cooling in firehghting, cooking, transportation, pharmaceutical manufacturing and smoke effects, and especially when it is required very low temperatures. Liquid nitrogen hold a temperature of -.196 * C and can be supplied directly into the noizte of a snowmaking machine to allow formation of ice crystals at hig air temperatures, and often used In the repair of cracks in the ice hockey rinks, where the crack is first filled with water and then frozen with liquid nitrogen from handheld bottle, more applications and data about nitrogen is available on

http://en.wikjpedia.org wikl/tiquid_nitrogen. At a temperature of -5 degrees consumes a modern snowmaking machine about 10 liters of air and 2 liters of water per second, and the energy

consumed to produce one cubic meter of snow is about 0,?S k h.. the biggest cost is for the air pressure to push the water through the nozzle. Dry ice can be purchased as pellets or in blocks of usually 30 kg, which is used in particular for trucking and shipping transports., and cos s about 25 SSK per kilo. And liquid nitrogen makes up about 7 % of the air we breathe and is not combustible and Is now mostly a by-product of oxygen, and therefore quite cheap, about S SSK / kg. There are also other gases that produce significantly lower temperatures, for example, helium -271 * C, but has a much higher production cost and are therefore less suitable for this purpose, although all liquid gases ami gas mixtures which ar not flammable or otherwise hazardous can be used for a cooling effect The freezing of water and material goes very fast at these temperatures and for example, at - 3 X a bucket of water can be thrown up in the air where the water may eeze into crystals before reaching the ground,

Today's users are environmentally conscious and demands that the result of cooling and processing of; for example, wet conditions or other treatment areas are predictable regarding quality, cost and time, while the work-afterwards need to be verified with the stored data on where .and how the work was done, so that for example the future design and processing of ski tracks at various temperatures and. snow conditions easier can be predicted. There is therefore a need for methods or procedures to reduce the problems described, which of course must be designed to minimize the energy and cost In terms of security and environmentally acceptable manner,

DISCLOSURE Of INV TION

It is an object of the invention to provide a method and a machine for trapping gas and coolant to the desired area, surface, object or the like, here called treatment area, and which may be located below, above or on the side of the towed or bearing machine during said machines continuous forward movement and cooling therein residual liquid and or solid matter In several areas. The machine can with small modifications be used throughout the year and to various cooling assignments.

Thi is accomplished with a movable cooling machine, and as in use forms at least one dosed unit around the treatment area to h f oze . The easing around the treatment area is completely or partly open towards that to be cooled_,, here called surface, for optimum contact between the subject, for example the snow on the ground, and refrigerant liquid and or refrigerant air. Where the refrigerant air refers to at any time trapped and variable mixture of conventional refrigerated air and or gas supplied, such as nitrogen from a gas-cyllnder and or dry ice. The cooling unit is designed for motorized propulsion, which here means a motorized self-propelled unit, or that the forward movement. Is crested by another motorized vehicle_,, for example towed behind a tractor, snowmobile or a boat, in the version with separate towing vehicle, is advantageously the cooling machine designed as a long-drawn sleigh. As in the embodiment of ski tracks is designed such that the friction- means, here called friction member, glides against the surface, here in the form of skids that also forms part of the outer insulation on the sides. And is then provided with Insulating-member and insulating-blade In front and at the rear end of the device, that forces the cooling machine to follow existing tracks and simultaneously seals so that air pressure can be higher than outside , where the frame and the main part Is produced in cold-resistant material such as steel or aluminum.. The device can also be designed so that the refrigeration unit is height adjustable and horizontally and vertically eivotable relative to the friction-members, such as the wheels or skids, carrying the cooling unit, weight . Where one or more hydraulic, pistons or hydraulic arms are anchored to the casting enclosure frame-party and to the frame of said ground support unit, where the cooling unit can be tilted horizontally and vertically as well as raised and lowered in order to cool below,, above and on the sides of the machine, such as the roo floor and all sides in a tunnel or mine.

The cooling machines enclosure/casing Is advantageously equipped with a large from the outside openabie container that can be filled with coolant which, for example,, sublimates and then spread through the air to the cooling unit treatment area through small hole In the container. The emitted cold are trapped by one or more layer with stiff or hanging insulating and cold -resistant here called insulating members, designed as for example, curtains, with the advantage airtight and water- repellent fabric,, metal, composites or inflatable flexible seal, where the insulating member free side is sliding against the surface to seal. Each side of the cooling machine advantageously has individually replaceable insulating members and at its upper part is fixed to the roof or sides of the cooling machine. The insulating, members advantageously has a length so that it covers the entire side it will insulate against the environment and can he placed inside the machines treatment area and or outside around the cooling unit, with one or more layers. To reduce the moisture from freezing solid on cooling machine parts, all inside parts are treated with a coating which advantageously contains nano-partleles, which are designed to he moisture resistant, and has on laboratory tests and practical use proved to he very effective, especially applied on windshields on vehicles.

Part dragging against the ground, here called surface, and especially the outer part or carrying boundary towards the surroundings of the machine is made of metal or other cold-resistant and o flexible material, which can also b equipped with heating elements to increase flexibility and durability even further, and give such a tight unit as possible. The maximum pressure that can be trapped In the cooling machines treatment area at any given time depends largely on insulating organs design,, processing area's nature, and the cooling machines pressure to the treatment area, where high air pressure with minimal leakage of cooling air often is preferred as the cooling effect increases with the number f cooling molecules hits the surface to be cooled, A high air pressure also Increases th effect of air-borne vibrations and other air movement. On the front and back so can the cooling machine have a dozer blade or insulating- blade fitted with sprung suspension so that its lower parts constantly exerts pressure against the surface and pushed backwards by friction or form the ground and continually smooth the surface. Which at the ski tracks in addition can be designed with two protrusions corresponding the track depth and width, and can he designed separately resilient, and glide in the groove, and is here called track-blade.

On the sides could sheet metal or other cold-resistant material in addition rest against the surface, or partly penetrate the surface and can if necessary be designed as pontoons or skids and can then aiso serve as friction member and carry the cooling unit. When used on arable land or road so is the cooling machine advantageously provided with friction means in the form of carrying wheels and, if necessary, bogie, and if it is long so can the supporting frame being rotatable by providing it with one or more joints in horizontal and or vertical direction, to not lose contact with the ground on uneven surfaces or cut across during sharp turns.. Where the enclosure at the front part advantageously slides over the rea section, and with a flexible seal between the parts. Part that touches and slides toward the surface can also he equipped with slide coating optimized for low friction.

The insulation in the walls and ceiling can advantageously consists of expanded polystyrene, glass wool or aero-gel with purpose built properties and helps to confine the generated chili in the machine, and aiso confine generated sounds, especially infrasound and or ultrasound, which is used ΐο create vibration in the cooling air to increase the air cooling effect and reduce the Leiden frost effect. And if necessary is sound used to vibrate the object to be treated, for example compress snow or soil or crack some rocks, and vibrate ^'internal parts in the cooling machine to keep it clean from ice and dirt, wherein said inner parts advantageously are regularly treated with water repellent containing nano-particies. Insulating organ, of advantageously water-resistant, flexible and cold- resistant materia!,, and the front and rear seals encloses the entire cooling machine and constitute a safety barrier and reduces the need for coolant, and also means that only the desired area is cooled,, such as ceiling or wall in a tunnel or ski tracks and its close surroundings, when the cooling machine is slowly moving along the calculated route. All parts subject t wear against the surface should be easily replaceable and fastened with screws, hooks, and rails or similar. It is of course desirable with as low a temperature as possible in the cooling machine treatment area, and preferably below -50 C. Dry ice turns into gas at -78,5 * C and when there is a need for extremely low temperatures .so can liquid nitrogen be^' used with a temperature of -.196 * C and is taken directly from one or more here called gas-cylinders, even if the .content when necessary may be taken in li uid form, where one or more nozzles is located on the inside of the cooling machine, and can be designed in known manner, and may in the simplest configuration consist of one or more downwardly directed holes of a vertically disposed tubes, hut is preferably configured to deliver coolant through at least one rotating., angled and hinged valve in accordance with the principle of sprinklers, or as mist or gas and can also be mixed with other particles for increased cooling efficiency by reducing the Leiden frost effect, and where the gas fiow can be continuously controlled by a motorized crane, here called gas- tap, and with the guidance of temperature sensors inside the cooling machine. Furthermore, measures a pressure sensor air pressures in the cooling unit, treatment area, and whose quantities are used to regulate and optimize the air pressure acting against, and where appropriate In, fridge- objects, for example,, the snow, or the road surface, or rock so that, porous materials such as snow and soil can be compressed. Advantageously it also measures the temperature and the consistency of the water to fee cooled in the surface both before and after treatment, with for example a heat censor / infrared camera / ground radar, for example to verify that a wet road o ground frost- damaged road ha cooled sufficiently,, or that a wet ski tracks have been frozen. Furthermore, are speed and geographic coordinates measured and stored continuously and obtained from, for example, a GPS unit and or transmitter in the neighborhood.

It is a known fact that wind increases the cooling effect by influencing the warming air layer that is created around ail objects that are exposed to cooler air than the object's temperature, see for example the researchers Randall Osczevskis (USA) and Maurice Blue Stein's (Canada) formula which describes the effective temperature at the wind chill. In said cooling machine can for this purpose also be used for example fan, vibrator, snow-cutter or directed gas nozzles to create strong turbulence in the entire treatment area, which is made possible by the apparatus constitutes a closed unit with the object objects to he cooled, for example in said ground surface. Ai movement also affects the Leiden frost effect, which can be further reduced with vibrator or sound devices where a speaker connected to the cooling machine emits sound of the appropriate volume, frequency and intervals to air, refrigerant gas and or the ground and vibrate and shake to remove or reduce the drops of coolant and insulating membranes between the cooling gas and objects to be cooled. Sound of suitable frequency can also, as ben described earlier, he used to compress the surface, such as snow or soil and crack some rocks. The expanding gas also gives a higher air pressure in the coolin unit than the outside air pressure which, as previously described, increasing penetration In matter and pockets of air in porous materials such as snow and so i and increases the number of cooling molecules in contact with that to he cooled. On the front or Inside the cooling machine can also he placed one or more nozzles, specially designed to produce snow and nozzles for flushing water, to produce and bring snow or ice on the spot and with optimal spray direction during the cooler's continuous forward motion wherein container of water then must be carried on. Where the tow temperature in the cooling machine in combination where the compressed air normally used, completely or partially can be replaced with cooling gas, provides efficient crystal formation,, which can be further increased by adding particles ice crystals may form around at therefor known manner. If required, liquid, ground or palletized dry ice is distributed with a rotary spreader, modeled on the principle of a regular rotating seed .spreader, or with compressed air, and spread in or around the cooling machine, for example In the slalom slopes or on the high seas to lower the surface temperature. Dry fee can also be spread In very wet trails, and here adapted grain size to the desired duration of action under the current conditions.

At very wet surfaces and when snowmaking In the cooling machine so is a risk of ice crystals stuck on the machine, and ca foe s ake off with previously described audio devices,, such as one or more speakers and or other electronic systems. Where created effect of vibrations mainly depends on the placement of speakers, level of sound a id frequency. This effect can he exemplified whit infrasound from trucks that can cause excessive vibration that gets the entire soli to resonate, and Is common at frequencies below 10 Hz, Today, for example., ultrasound can be used for cleaning of teeth and also on windows of cars and aircraft, and typically with a frequency of 20 to 40 kHz, see examples http: /bv*bil om/nyheter/^^^{^}

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A speaker or other sound making device can be activated at the same time as the coolant Is supplied to the cooling area, or controlled through switches by the driver, or activated automatically by a computer unit with the guidance of magnitudes from sources such as ground penetrating radar, heat sensor, moisture meter, pressure gauge or temperature sensor for determining, for example,, the ratio In the cooling area, rock, snow or soil depth as well as Its texture and layers with different properties and the like, where the volume and frequency or multiple frequencies simulta eously can be evolved and adapted to the at each location prevailing conditions, with the guidance of its stored- known properties, to constantly vibrate the cooling air, th objects to he cooled and the cooling machine optimally. This method cars also he used to reduce the risk of landslides by freezin moisture In the soil and reduce the risk of avalanches and fracture some rock types which

advantageously first heating with a gas flame, micro-waves or laser, with suitable strength, and is disposed on a robot arm at the cooling machines front, or on a separate machine, and commute from side to side or point heat / melt to the desired depth or temperature, and then rapidly cooled in the machines treatment area on the previously heated places and creates freezing between different snow layers, or may make matter in the rock to shrink and crack, where vibrations from said audio device, with optimized frequency and power, in some cases may enhance the desired effect of vibration delicate surfaces,

An electrically driven vibrator can be bolted to the outside of the cooling machine and can be used so that iced parts can he vibrated, and is activated by the operator at therefor known way with switch / shutter or automatically by preset time interval via the controller. The cooling machine has an estimated consumption of between 200-1000 kg. liquid nitrogen per hour and 1,5 meters working width and travel at speeds between 1-5 km h_; in part because of the cooling requirement and the length of the device, which increases the exposu re time. The cost of gas should normally rang between 3,000 and 5,000 SEK per kilometer, and as an example, the length of the ski trails at regular World Cup races rarely exceeds S km, why freezing of the tracks would constitute a very small part of the total cost of arranging a contest. The cooling machine Is equipped with several types of systems to analyze the surroundings and saf ety systems to reduce the risk of frost damage, especially automatic shutdown of the refrigerant if sensors detect that someone Is approaching or touching the cooling machine or If the machine loses contact with the ground,, and these sensors can be customized as required and if used close to people, such as heat sensor / camera, motion detection, sensing detector, laser, infrared systems and ground penetrating radar. All metal parts that may be affected are coated to prevent freezing, at therefor known means which prevents direct contact with various coating and, for example, the fingers. There Is also an automatic warning signal, or spoken warning rom the speaker or electronic sound generators that can be given in case of danger or need for action. The environment can also be warned optically, were the cooling machine carrying at least one display with information direct to people close to the machine, or flashing warning light, for example, hazard lights, and light directed towards the surroundings, In particular red laser light that illuminates the immediate vicinity of the cooling machine,, which may not he entered by persons in the surrounding area.

The work area is scanned automatically by a remote-sensing device,, for example a GPRS,, which measures the kind of ground In the surface and especially the density, cracking and weakening, Its depth and obstructions near or above the surface. The area is mapped in this way and then calculates if the ground holds the stored requirement and if it should be refrigerated, such as rock type., minimum ice or snow depth, smoothness, etc, and its degree of compression. The radar screen is brought to sweep from side to side over the intended treatment area in front of the cooling machine If he Is self-propelled, and for safety and risk of interference behind the towed cooling machine according to th described embodiment, where a GPS continuously determines the precise geographic location. The area inside and outside the cooling machine can be continually monitored by video camera with image analysis for the determination of, for example, smoothness of the treatment area_,, obstacles,, people or animals in dangerous proximity and determine what type of matter is contained in the proposed treatment area, including the kind of rock, metal or liquid where the collected variables can also be used to continuously optimize treatmen at each location. The time of effect on the coolant can he increased by an extended cooling unit, for example a dragged aluminum-foil which encloses the cold against the ground to be cooled, for example, the ski trail or shallow water. Of course so can the machine also be controlled and monitored remotely, at therefor known manner.

The coolin unit allows a method of effectively cooling chemicals, water, Ice and other liquid and solid matter outdoors or in, for example tunnels in the underground to reduce the problems caused by heat or facilitate further processing. It also makes cleaning up after an algal blooms on the water surface and the like easier. The machine reduces the cost of coolant, personnel, machinery and for example storage areas fo snow accumulation, while the method is environmentally friendly. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings,, in which.

Figure I shows a block diagram of control functions of the cooling machine,

figure 2 shows a perspective view of a cooling machine for ski frails.,

S figure 3 shows a cooling machine for ski trails from below,

figure 4 shows a cooling machine with pontoons for cooling water or algae,

figure 5 shows the display with map and the cooling machine precise location and found objects in or at the surface,

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

0 In Fig. 2 and 3 Is shown a device fo cooling especial ground surfaces with cooling requirements, hose main part consists of a tightly sealing enclosure against the surface to be cooled, here called a cooling machine 1. And advantageously is insulated with glass wool, polystyrene or aero-gel, and one or more teams of against the surface tightly sealed enclosures, here designed as flexible curtains in the form of insulating-members 3 of water repellent fabric to reduce the need for coolant and5 reduce the risk of personal injury. At the front a d rear of th cooling machine 1 is also a resilient seal that slides against the surface in the form of insulating-blade 5, which can also smooth the surface and in this embodiment is provided with two tracks-blade 7 which seal and slide on the ski trail. Inside the cooling machine 1, there is at least one nozzl 9, designed for the spread of

refrigerant in gas- or liquid form and connected to the gas-cylinder 11 containing liquid nitrogen, via0 a hose and motorized gas-tap 13 for flow control, there is also a sensor, not shown, for the

continuous determination of opening degree in degree from fully open to fully closed, especiall in percent from 1 - 100, The positional sensor signals are directed to the control unit, in an externally sealable container IS inside the cooling machine, can a ref rigerant such as dry ice be placed to provid a continuou basic cooling.

S At the hack of the cooling machine 1. is in this embodiment also placed a dry -ice container 17

connected to a motor driven spreaders 19 and whose flanges 21 throws liquid carbon dioxide, or dry ice pellets in the cooling machine 1, working range behind the machine and extend the cooling capacity. A position sensor, not shown, for the power switch on the spreader 19 Is transmitted to the control unit, Friction member 23, here in the form ofhydraulically height-adjustable skids., provides0 stability and mobility with low friction against the ground, and Is in this embodiment designed to also seal against the surface of the cooling machines I, both long-sides. The towing hook 25 can be connected to a towing vehicle 4?, not show, for example, a tractor or a snowmobile. Also such as electrical wiring, gas-, water-, and hydraulic pips are of course at therefor known way connected with the respective organ of the cooling unit i and the respective organ of the towing vehicle 47. Surface5 sensor !? is positioned behind the cooling machine where a pressure wheel 29 Is continuously

pressed against the surface with a definite spring pressure, corresponding smallest hardness, where to soft surface makes the wheel 29 to be pushed down and activates the surface sensor 27, where the received signals are transmitted to the control unit located on the towing vehicle for evaluation, where the results may be lower speed forward or that the gas tap 3.3 s opened further and add more coolant to the cooling machine treatment area.

The rear portion of the cooling machine 1 has a radar-arm 41 which is plvotabie and hinged and whose movements are controlled by electric motor. At the free end of the radar-arm 41 is a sensor for sensing the ground characteristics, as in the illustrated embodiment is a ground-radar screen 43» and includes both the transmitter and receiver for suitable radar wavelengths. Received echo signals are also led to a control unit positioned inside the cooling machines driving unit for evaluation. The information from the ground penetrating radar is also used to determine If, for example,, snow and or water is to be supplied to the surface,, where snow Is supplied via snow-nozzle 49 through activation of its motor-driven or hydrauileaily driven water pump SI whose drive means is monitored by the position sensor,, not shown, and activation of the motorized gas-tap 53, whose position Is monitored by a position sensor, not shown, and connected to gas-cylinder 55, and or electrically Of hydrauiiealty driven air compressor or fan 59 whose drive means Is monitored by the position sensor., not shown. Water can be sprayed to the surface in front of or inside the cooling machine i through the water nozzle 57 by activating the water pump 51 where the water then are frozen in the cooling machine 1 treatment area. Activation of the speaker/vibrator 61 is adva tageously carried out at a

predetermined interval and regulated by the control unit, where the operator, for example,, adjusts the intervals for the coolant cooiing effect on the surface, to optimally reduce the Leiden fmst effect, as well as the calculated amount of humidity or cooling toad In the cooling machines treatment area. The snow cutter 63 i activated when there is a need to smooth or loosen the ground or splash up water molecules for the generation of free ice crystals, even here is a sensor, not shown, for monitoring cutter drive means. Furthermore_., a sensor, not shown, for determining the GPRS-screen 43, and the position and position-angle to the cooling machine I. The positional sensor signals are also led to the control unit in the same way as magnitudes from ail monitored sensors in the cooiing machine .1.

For determination of surface characteristic can sensors of various kinds he used, which have been specifically developed for locating landmines, see the article 'Searching for landmines" Mechanical Engineering, April 1996, pp. 62 - 67. Here, in addition to ground penetrating radar, if? systems and various acoustic systems can be mentioned.

The area closest to the cooling machine I is continuously monitored by a thermal sensor 31, with sync ronized laser to measure the distance to objects in the thermal sensors 31 surveillance area, from manner known in other applications, especially In controlling of robots, and whose magnitudes are led to the controller unit. Thermal sensor 31 records the temperature of^" the immediate

surroundings after emitted heat energy, and especially the temperature of the cooled surface and hot object that indicates whether living or motorized objects to avoid. Where the signals are routed to the control unit and a timekeeping device is started if the ground Is unacceptabiy hot or objects with high temperature indicating life. Where incoming degrees from the thermal sensor 31 is compared with the stored values that can have different result reactions, such as emergency stop by the influence of the speed controller 45, and its position sensor, not shown, or increased or decreased flow of coolant through the influence of the gas-tap 13, If any preset value is exceeded it also led information to a display 35 so that the driver / operator in real time can see the status of the machine. Th controller can, for example, reduce speed if something alive comes too close, or if chilled area behind the machine 1 is not sufficiently cooled. The temperature in the cooiing machine 1 treatment area is continuously monitored by the temperature sensor 3? and the air pressure in the cooiing machine 1 treatment area is monitored at the demands of rapid cooling, of air pressure sensor SS and whose magnitudes are led to the control unit during use, and is part of the decision basis for the regulation of the gas-tap 13 so that, the optimum temperature and air pressure all the S time can be kep in the treatment area. Also shown at 39 a GPS antenna is attached to the cooling machine 1 for wireless communications such as GPS satellites, or for example, terrestrial antennas for the absolute determination of the cooling machine 3. geographical location. All functions can be remotely supervised from a control center via the wireles information transfer, and the cooling machine i cars also he designed to be completely remote controlled,

10 The function of the machine will ow be described. Functions to be used during cooiin Is activated and th cooling machin I is assumed to move continuously forward at low speed, and the sealing and insulating-member 3 rests around the treatment area to be cooled,, for example against the same snow trails as the cooling machines 1, friction member 23 in the drawing 2, as well as over or alongside in tunnels or mines or the equivalent and is completely or partly open towards the

IB treatment area. &ry ice m the container IS provides a uniform basic cooling through small holes in the container. Created cooling is kept trapped in the cooling machines 1, cooling area with isolation, especially glass wool, polystyrene or aer gel, where additional insulation against the surface insulates against the environment and consists of one or more layers of frost resistant insulating- member 3 around the entire machine and dragging or sliding against the surface. The geographical

20 position is constantly known through a GPS where the antenna 39 continuously receives signals from satellites or transmitters in the neighborhood., signals are routed to a control unit and are then also Stor& with coordinates. The ground-radar screen 43 is caused to sweep laterally across the land area in front of the cooling machine 1,. if the machine Is self-propelled. And according to the described embodiment In drawing 2 for safety and risk of interference behind the cooling machine, and

25 simultaneously with emitted radar waves of suitable wavelength. The received echo signals are

transmitted to the central controller unit. And simultaneously are position sensor signals transmitted to the controller unit and correlates measured echo signals with different points on the surface by evaluating both positional sensor signals and received location signals regarding the cooling machine 1, absolute position. The echo signals are evaluated and espeeiflcally determined for

30 each point of the swept surface are, for example, the type of rock and its structure at different

depths, cracks, ice thickness and snow depth and the amount of free or homogeneous area there Is in the horizontal direction, ie, in all different horizontal directions based on each considered point, In particular, the density ie consistency and various obstacles located In or above the intended surface to cool, such as snow layer, determined with respect to its location in the horizontal axis and the

35 vertical direction, shape, etc, Th calculated data is stored and then evaluated fo determining, for example, the snow / Ice texture and carrying capacity. And the need for more snow over localized rocks stumps etc, or if there is a need for preheating with microwaves, laser or gas flame, for example, to fracture the rock in a mine, or melt sno at risk of avalanche in and then freezing it in the treatment area. Where the exact location is known with GPS and: continually correlated with in

40 the computer unit stored map for determining the exact position., and where snow layers known to cause sliding is identif ied. Hereby used as input parameters the depth, in this case the ice o snow depth In millimeters, and density that increases as wetter the snow is, and the calculates with these magnitudes the risk of avalanche. Where, If necessary, potential avalanche strength can be calculated with the stored map and stored magnitudes for the mountain slope and Its length. The identified new measured places are stored.

Pressure sensor 65 and the temperature sensor 37 is continuously transmitting signals to a control unit for evaluation, which at Oev from a stored desired value sends the signal to a driver circuit for gas tap 13 so that the tap after startup, open to roughly estimated position indicated as a percentage between 0 - 100% i.e. from closed to fully open, and where the pressure In the gas-cylinder 11 ail the time is known,, because the flow per unit time decreases with lower pressure. One or more thermal sensors 31 monitor the area around the cooling machine I and the signals is transferred to the control unit for evaluation, and particularly ^'evaluates hot object In the travel direction and close objects on the sides and behind regarding heat emission and distance., and the temperature of the already chilled area. The determined new places and data are stored. While temperature sensor 37 continuously transmits signals to the control unit for evaluation, where they are compared to stored data with desired values, and correlated with the magnitudes from air pressure sensor 65 and at Dev from the calculated optimum values., the control unit sends signal to the. driver circuit for the gas tap 13, so that the gas flow is increased or decreased in relation to the deviation and the size thereof, and if the temperature sharply increase above a limit value, so wilt also a signal be sent to lower the speed of th coolin machine 1 in that the control unit transmits signal to the display 35, and the drivin circuit for speed-control 45 and slows the speed with an estimated magnitude to achieve adequate cooling, determined action actions are stored.

Surface sensor 2? sends signal to the control unit if the rear mounted spring-loaded wheel 29 is pressed downward and activates the surface sensor 27 due to soft surface, for a pred termined time, indicating poor freezing if the surface sensor 27 is activated for longer than the predetermined time period. The signal is led to the control unit that stores the time data In a storage device and a computing unit compares the stored time data when the controller wilt send signal to the driver circuit for gas tap 13 to open, and at long-term Oev also sends the signal to the driver circuit for speed control 45, where the speed Is measured in km / h, and also appears on the display 3S. The operator of the cooling machine 1, gets continuous information from the sensors, and which also are automatically calculated in relation to the desired values and actual conditions so that the work all the time can be optimised,

Ά block diagram of the cooling machine's electronic drcuitr-v is shown in fig. 1, A central control unit 201 In the form of a processor or a multitude of processors working in parallel receives signals from the GPS antenna 39, from the ground radar screen 43 and from position sensors 203, 205, 20?,, 209, 211, 21.3, 2X5, 217, 219, and 221 for the various organs 27, 31, 37, 41, 5, Si, 53, 59, 61 and 63 respectively positions. The control unit 2.01 operates by a control scheme which can be divided into a number of parallel-working processes or program sections, which of course can receive and transmit information to each other.

A program section 223 processes the GPS signals and determines at each moment the cooling machines 1 exact, absolute geographical position and its absolute direction of movement and speed. Processes 225, 227, 229, 231, 233, 235, 237, 239, 241 and 243 processes the signals from the position sensors 203,. 205, 207, 209, 211, 213, 215, 217, 219, respective 221 and determines based on these the instantaneous current values and the corresponding device's position relative to the cooling machine i, ie radar screen for ground-radar 43 vertical position and horizontal position and its position angie, temperature sensors 37 regarding degrees * C inside the cooling machine, thermal sensor 31 quantities in degrees ^* C regarding registered heat emission and distance to hot objects In the immediate surroundings, quantities of surface sensors 2?, shows whether the pressure wheel 29 penetrates the surface and the sensor for gas tap 13 shows the continuous flow of coolant per unit time, the sensor's quantities from the spreader 19 indicates if additional coolant is spread,, and must be abl to make art emergency stop, for example if something living comes too close, the speed in km / h can be automatically affected by the speed control 45, not shown, for example, by strangling or increase the supply of energy for propulsion, water spraying on the surface can be done via ster- rwjzzl 57 or through the snow-nozzle 49 and monitored and activated via sensors and shutter / switch for water pum 51 and the electrically controlled regulation of the gas-tap S3 for

snowmaking. If the ground is uneven and needs to be smoothed so can an electrically or hydrauiscally powered snow-cutter 63 be activated by the driver or automatically If the ground-radar 43 monitoring parameters corresponding to the stored parameters when the snow cutter S3 is to be activated by the controller.

Then,, the positions are determined absolute by information on the vehicle's absolute position retrieved from the module 223, A process 245 processes the signals from the ground-radar 43 for determining th depths, obstructions, density, etc, and correlate the calculated data with the correct absolute geographical position by receiving current position data from the module 223. The

calculated data values are stored in a mass memory 24?, The stored data on surface characteristics Is then evaluated further in a module 249, which in an optimal way determines the magnitude of possible measures. For the determination module 249 has access to positions of already

implemented measures, which are stored in a memory 252. When the new pending data Is found and determined, their positions are stored in memory 251»

Control processes 253, 255, 257, 2S9, 261, 263, 265, 67, 69 and 271 control the various supervised moving parts of the cooling machine 1, le, Radar-arm 41 movement, gas-tap 13 movement and spreader 19 movement, wafer pump 51 movement, gas-tap 53 movement, compressor 59

movement, speaker/vibrator 61 movement, snow-cutter 63 movement and sound maker 33, and speed-control 45. Fo this control, they have access to other organs current location and magnitudes. The control modules for 253, 255, 257, 259, 261, 263, 265, 267, 269 and 271 sends signals to drive circuits for the various components and to the memory 25:1 for storing each performed action.

The control module 2S.3 thus sends the signal to the driver circ its 273 for radar arm 41 operation. The control module 255 sends the signal to the driver circuit 275 for operating the gas-tap 13, and the drive circuit 27? for operating the spreader 1 and the drive ci cuit 279 for operating th speed control 45, further marked In the memory 251 when an action Is performed. The control module 25? sends the signal to the driver circuit 275 for operating the gas-tap 13, and the driv circuit 279 for operating the speed-control 45, and the drive circuit 277 for operating the spreader 19 or activation of signal transducer 33. The control module 259 sends the signal to the drive circuit 275 for controlling the gas-tape 13, and the drive circuit 279 for operating the speed control 45,

Control module 261 sends the signal to the drive circuit 275 for operating the gas-tap 13. Control module 263 transmits the signal to the drive circuit 277 for operating the spreader 29. Control module 265 transmits the signal to the drive circuit 279 for operating the speed-control 45. The control module 267 sends the signal to the driver circuit 281 for operating the water pump 51. The control module 26S transmits the signal to the driver circuit 283 for operating the gas-tap 53, The control module 271 sends the signal to the driver circuit 285 for operating the vibrator/speaker 61 or snow-cutter S3. When an operation is performed, a signal is sent to the memory 251 in order to mark that the operation has now been carried out on this site and with the actual magnitudes.

Signals of the cooling machine 1 current position arid activated organs and previously executed actions -can be sent to a display 35_» which may be mounted in the cooling machine 1 or towing vehicle's driving cab. O this can be shown, see Fig. 5, the cooling machine located at the bottom In the middle, see the symbol 1 and shows the actual location on a digital map and symbols 6? for obstacles, hot objects and the like, and carried out and planned n w measures,

looking at the display 35, the driver can, for example,, choose a route to create the desired total variation a d or tra k length for ski trails, as well as continuous monitoring of the cooling machine I status, for example., cooling capacity and consumption of coolant and the remaining amount of refrigerant.

list of cooling unit's main components in preferred embodiment;

1, The cooling machine,

3. Insuiatlng-member (element, curtain, seals agains the surface - flexible,, type metal., fabric or cold- resistant composites).

5,. Insulating-blade, (sprung suspension and seals against the surface on the cooling machines front and end, possibly also designed as dozer blade, and seals and forms the ground),

7, Track-blade, fat the longitudinal difference In level, such trails, and may be attached to 5, and seals and shapes the ski-track or equivalent).

9 No2.de, (for liquid or gas, can also be designed with pre-heater for faster gasification of the liquid gas}.

11. Gas-cylinder/bottle,, (for example, liquid gas In particular nitrogen or liquid ordinary air mixture, where the expanding gas also Increases the pressure in the refrigeration unit).

13. The gas-tap (for nitrogen and the like. Is automatically controlled for optimum gas ^'flow adjusted to the prevailing conditions in the cooling machine 1 treatment area, according to the desired result).

IS, Container, (dry ice provides a basic cooling and sublimates directly to gas at a constant temperature of -78,5 ^* C, The shelf Is elosaole from the outside for easy filling),

1?. Dry-ice container, (used together with spreader 19).

19. Spreader (dry Ice / liquid carbonic add).

21. Flanges, (on a rotating disc and throwing dry Ice / carbonic acid, etc. run by spreader 19).

23, Friction-member, (wheels, skids, pontoons 69, bands or equivalent bodies. Is carrying the cooling machine 1 and allows easy movement),

25. Tow-bar, (hook, when towed embodiment of the cooling machine 1). 27. Surface-sensor (measuring the freezing level at the surface behind the cooling machine by means of wheel 29).

29, Pressur -wheel (spring loaded, attached to 27 and exerts a pressure against the surface],

31, Thermal-sensor, (particularly infrared camera measures the temperature on surfaces and surroundings).

33, Sound-maker (horn / speakers / sound sensor. Can warn the surroundings and or create

vibrations, where at least tw sound sensors cm create both Infra- and ultrasound simultaneously and optimise the movements of both individual molecules in gases and liquids, and coherent molecules In for example matter in the rock or snow).

35. Display, (in the driver^'s cab and or in a control center with wireless transfer, and can also be placed on the cooling machine for informing the people standing near the machine),

37. Temperature sensor (inside the cooling machine, and whose great's controls the flow of cooling gas through the gas tap 13).

39. Antenna {GPS position}.

41. Radar-arm, (GPRS - ground penetrating radar)

43. Ground-radar (GPRS,, looking through matter and measure the surface depth and texture and the like}.

45. Speed control,, {brake / throttle).

47, Towing vehicles, (not shown, for example., tractor, snowmobile, boat or car),

49, Snow-nozzle, (production of snow inside or outside the cooling machine).

Si, Water pump, (via water-nozstfe 5? or mow-nozzle 49),

53. Gas-tap snow (controls flow of cooling gas at snowmaklng).

55, Gas-cylinder, (eg nitrogen to the snowmakihg or reserve tank),

57, Water Nozzle (supplies water to the ground in front of or inside the cooling machine).

59, Fan/compressor (creates positive pressure and or air circulation for Increased wind cooling effect, while reducing the Leiden-frost effect).

61, Speaker/vibrator (compress the surface and shake off the ice from the machine and or decreases Leiden-frost effect and increases the wind-cooling effect, can be used in combination with sound maker 33. Sound transducer, for example, speakers connected to the computing device with stored audio may also make infrasound and or ultrasound).

63. Snow-cutter (smooth's the surface and creates air circulation and Increases the surface contact with the refrigerant gas). 65, Air pressure sensor, (whose magnitudes simplifies the calculation of the current coaling capacity with quantities for temperature and air circulation wind speed^■· for controlling the gas tap 13 and the speed control 45, and the fan / compressor 59 when extra h gh air ressure or air circulation).

67. Symbols of obstacles, hot. items at the surface and the like, and operations carried out and planned new measures, shown for example on digital map on the display 35.

Various modifications of the above described refrigeration machine are possible;

The cooling unit is not limited to the above described usage and execution and here is a brief summary. To extend the cooling effect so can a long Insulating cloth or foil be towed after the cooling machine 1, and can be further enhanced with a long tunnel tent standing on friction members in the form of pontoons, wheels or skids, -and^' -where the soowmaking may be performed in a machine that is high and long so that snowflakes have time merge. And can outwardly be compared to a high truck without floor, but with seal against the ground as described. The cooling unit can be made self- propelled motorized, remote controlled via antenna or with driver, where it also can be equipped with blades and snow-cutte in front of the cooling unit to smooth the surface and dozer blade with track-doers after. The GPRS is then advantageously at the front of the cooling machine so that snow or ice can be supplied where the radar shown that It Is too little snow or ice or warn of weak Ice on lakes. And can also be used to reduce the risk of avalanches by compressing the snow layer with described sound transducers or by firs melting snow-layers with laser or micro-waves. The cooling machine can be fitted with pontoons for the manufacture of ice on the open water to accelerate the freezing of the ice road or make Ice blocks, for example, along a beach that is in immediate danger of being hit by oil spill, wherein the drive means then consists of a propeller. The pontoon version can also he used to control algae blooms or freezing of chemicals or oil spills for easier collection. The coolin machine can also be used to freeze and compress parking lots and runways for particular military aircraft during the summer, or strengthen temporary fillings on bombed airfields. And it can be used to freeze the surface on lakes and swamps to enable vehicles to otherwise inaccessible places. The cooling unit can also temporarily stabilize the soli after heavy rainfall, for example, around railway embankments, road culverts or buildings whit risk of collapse. The cooling machine can also freeze chemicals and waste oil, for example, from a tanker accident or oil extraction on the ocean or from oil sands on land which risks contaminate water or release hazardous or flammable gases when It evaporates. The cooling machine can also be used to freeze or control plants., pests, snails, fungi, nematodes and the like, for example, in fields where cooling / noise also can compress nd or work the soil.- Another use is to harden the soil at harvest of crops a d timber, as well as hardening the -land for car parking, or running competitions on wet and soft ground, information can he provided to surroundings of the immediate vicinity of the cooling machine and can be given through speakers and one or more displays mounted on the cooler, which In addition can be used for advertising. Area that may not be entered when the cooling machine is in use can be illuminated with, for example, red laser light from the cooling machine, where for example the snow in the immediate vicinity is highlighted.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. A cooling mach ne (I) for motorized propulsion am for cooling of solid material and / or freezing of liquid in the cooling units treatment area, wherein the cooling machine (I) comprises of at least one device for storing and supplying at least one refrigerant to the cooling machines treatment area, and at least one friction member {23} that rests on or In a surface, c a r a c t e r i z e d In that the cooling machine (i) comprises at least one insulating and sealing enclosure surrounding the treatment area., and where said sealing enclosure is arranged between the cooling machine {!) and the surface and has a sealing function between the refrigerant air in the treatment area and the ambient air, and where the refrigerant air in a period Is captured in the cooling machines U) treatment area, and where the cooling machines {1} cooling medium comprises dry ice, and / or gas-, or liquid refrigerant, for example nitrogen or carbon dioxide.

2. A cooling machine (1) according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r I z e d In that the sir pressure In the cooling machines (1) treatment area, may be higher than normal air pressure outside the treatment area and,, at least one friction member {23} includes wheels, skids, ribbons, pontoons o organs functionally equivalent,

3. A cooling machine (i) according to any one of claims i-2, c h a ra c t e r l z e d in that the cooling air in the cooling machine {1} treatment area Is set moving, and in the form of air circulation and or vibration, where the motion is provided by a fan (59), a coolant expa sion, friction, electronic sound gemrator, speaker/vibrator ($1) or a mechanical vibrator,, and wherein the generation of said air circulation and or vibration may include the use of infrasound and o ultrasound.

4. A cooling machine {!) according to any one of claims 1-3, c h a c r i z e d In tha the flow of cooling medium is regulated to. the cooling machines {1} treatment area with the guidance of magnitudes from at least one sensor disposed in the said treatment area for example from temperature sensor {37} and or air pressure sensor {65} or sensor that provides similar calculated values, where the flow of said cooling medium may be Increased or decreased until the desired degrees for temperature and or air pressure is achieved in the cooling machines {1} treatment area,, for example, with motorized gas tap (13).

5. A coolin machine (1) according to any one of claims 1-4, c h a r a ct e r i z e d in that at least one insulatin and sealing enclosure comprises an insulation member {3} and / or an insulating blade (5) arranged on the cooling machines |2) front and rear ends.

6. A cooling machine (!) according to any one of claims .1-5, c h a r a c t e r 1 z e d in that the cooling machine (I) include at least one scanning means for scanning a treatment area, such as a ski trails, an ice road, a rock wall or similar, for determination of, for example, snow dip, rock characteristics, cracks, temperature or similar at different locations, and determining the various obstacles, especially rocks and irregularities, by determining the sought objects shape size and location,, evaluation means connected to said scanning means for evaluating the determined quantities for determining the appropriate action with respect to those In a storage means stored requirements for the finished treatment area, storage means connected to the evaluation means for storing new data on the positions and quantities for decisive action, on said determined locations, control means connected to the storag means for controlling the controllable means on the cooling machine (1) for example gas tap {13}, and or speaker/vibrator (61) to obtain specific degrees or magnitude on the said determined locations.

?.. A cooling machine {1} according to any one of claims 1-6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that at least one means for providing information to the surroundings i the cooling machines (1} proximity is applied 5 to the cooling machine (1), for ex mp e, means for flashing warning lights, means for warning signal sto ed spoken warning playback, via sound maker (33), information via display (35) or organ for light directed towards the surroundings., especially red laser light that illuminate the Immediate vicinity of the cooling machine (1).

8. A method for coolin solid matter and / or freezing of liquid in a cooling machines i) treatment0 area, where the cooling machine i) comprises at least one means for storing and supplying at least one refrigerant to the cooling machine (I) treatment area through at least one ooxzle (9), and having at least one friction member {23) that rests on or In a surface, c h a r a ct e r i z e d in that at least one of sa d friction member (23) is in the form of wheels, skids, ribbon, pontoons or organs with equivalent function, and that the cooling machines (!) treatment area is a sealed unit during said5 cooling machines (i) motorized propulsion, where at least one sealed enclosure during a time period captures generated chill In the treatment area, and that the refrigerant air and or the objects, surface or similar to be cooled in the sealed treatment area is given movements,, particularly circulation and or vibration, where the movement can be created with, for example, the tan |59), the coolant expansion, friction,, electronic speaker/vibrato {61} or mechanical vibrato and from at least one0 nozzle (9), where said nozzle (9) for distribution of coolant may be designed to have, for example, directed., oscillating or rotating distribution, and where the generation of said air movement or vibration may include audio transmitter for the frequency range of the infrasound and or the frequency range for ultrasound.

9. A method according claim 8, c h a r a ε te r i z e d in that first is determined the temperature and5 or air pressure in the cooling machines {2} treatment area with one or more measuring means,

particularly temperature sensors (37) and or air pressure sensor (65), and that the determined degrees or quantities are evaluated to determination of supply of cooling medium, particularly the amount of liquid gas, based on the desired temperature and or air pressure in the cooling machines I i] treatment area., and that the determined quantities are stored, and that the stored quantities are(3 then used for controlling the supply of coolant, for example, regulation of the gas tap (13) until the desired temperature and or air pressure is achieved in the cooling machines f I) treatment area,

10. A method according to any one of claims 8-9 c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that for scanning the surface, the ground area and or the surrounding area at least one remot sensing sensor is used for determining site are characteristics, in particular a ground radar (43), a camera, a thermal sensor5 (3.1), an IR-sensor or laser and that this is mounted at the cooling machine (1) so that scanning an area is made, when the sensor is passing the said area in the movement forwards of the cooling machine {!),, and particular regarding searched magnitudes, for example, surface temperature, thickness, obstacles above or below the surface, texture, different layers in the snow or rocks and the like, and that the collected magnitudes are used .at a late stage for controlling at least one of the0 cooling machines (1) adjustable and or motorized means, for example, gas tap (13),. speaker/vibrator {61}., display (35) or organs to alert the surroundings.

11. A method according to any one of claims 8-10 characterized in that immediately prior to cooling so is the selected subject of the equivalent heated, for example, an area, an object or the equivalent, for example, snow, ice or rock, and heated with means for lasers, gas flame, micro-waves or similar heat source, and that the desired structure, form, jointing or cracks are formed when the S cooling machine (1 j then cools the said area, object, or the equivalent in the cooling machine {1} treatment area on said previously heated place.