WO2015133561A1 - 通信システム、制御装置、通信装置及び通信方法 - Google Patents
通信システム、制御装置、通信装置及び通信方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/40—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/04—Network management architectures or arrangements
- H04L41/042—Network management architectures or arrangements comprising distributed management centres cooperatively managing the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
- H04L41/0668—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery by dynamic selection of recovery network elements, e.g. replacement by the most appropriate element after failure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
- H04L41/122—Discovery or management of network topologies of virtualised topologies, e.g. software-defined networks [SDN] or network function virtualisation [NFV]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/64—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using an overlay routing layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
- H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0805—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability
- H04L43/0811—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability by checking connectivity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/20—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks the monitoring system or the monitored elements being virtualised, abstracted or software-defined entities, e.g. SDN or NFV
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/12—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
- H04L47/125—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion by balancing the load, e.g. traffic engineering
Definitions
- the present invention is based on a Japanese patent application: Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-043761 (filed on March 6, 2014), and the entire contents of this application are incorporated in the present specification by reference.
- the present invention relates to a communication system, a control device, a communication device, and a communication method, and more particularly to a packet communication system, a control device, a communication device, and a communication method.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe an example of a centralized control communication system including a switch that transfers packets and a control device that controls packet transfer of the switches.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a control device of a centralized control type communication system is made redundant and operation is continued in a standby control device when a failure or the like occurs in an operating control device. (Refer to claim 3 etc.).
- Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which a central control device of a central control type communication system as described above exchanges route information with an adjacent router, determines a data transfer route, and generates setting information for the transmission device. It is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 a device (processing rule setting device) in which the control information setting function of the control device is separated is made redundant, and control information (referred to as “processing rule” in Patent Document 1) between the processing rule setting devices. ) Is synchronized. As a result, even if a failure occurs in one processing rule setting device, the service can be continued by the other processing rule setting device (see FIGS. 10 to 13 of Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 since the configuration of Patent Document 1 is based on the premise that the control information between the processing rule setting devices is completely consistent, there is a possibility that the overhead of synchronization processing may increase depending on the scale of the system. .
- Patent Document 1 since the configuration of Patent Document 1 is based on the premise that the control information between the processing rule setting devices is completely the same, it is not suitable for applications in which a plurality of control devices are operated with different control policies. .
- a communication system including a communication device that processes a packet according to control information set from outside, and a control device that controls the communication device by setting control information in the communication device.
- a first control unit that sets control information according to a first rule and a second control unit that sets control information according to a second rule are arranged as the control device.
- the first and second control units control the communication device independently of each other.
- a control device that controls a communication device that processes packets according to control information set from outside.
- the control device includes a first control unit that sets control information according to a first rule. Furthermore, the control device includes a second control unit that sets control information according to the second rule.
- the first and second control units control the communication device independently of each other.
- a communication device that processes packets according to control information set from outside.
- the communication device is a control device that controls the communication device, and controls the communication device according to the second rule independently of the control device that sets the control information according to the first rule.
- the communication device includes a first control unit that sets control information according to a first rule. Furthermore, this communication apparatus is connected to a second control unit that sets control information according to the second rule. The communication apparatus processes the packet according to the control information set by each control unit.
- a communication system including a communication device that processes a packet according to control information set from the outside, and a control device that controls the communication device by setting control information in the communication device
- a communication method is provided.
- a first control unit that sets control information according to a first rule and a second control unit that sets control information according to a second rule operate independently of each other.
- setting control information in the communication device, and processing the packet in accordance with the control information by the communication device is associated with a specific machine, a communication device that processes packets according to control information and a control device that controls the communication device. Note that each element of the communication system, the control device, the communication device, and the program described above contributes to solving the above-described problems.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a communication system according to a first embodiment of this invention.
- a communication system including a communication device 10 that processes a packet according to control information set from the outside, and a control device 20 that controls the communication device 10 by setting control information in these communication devices 10. It is shown.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of the control device 20 of the present embodiment.
- the control device 20 includes first and second control units 21 and 22 and a communication interface 24.
- the communication interface 24 transmits control information to the communication device 10.
- the first and second control units 21 and 22 set control information in the communication device 10 via the communication interface 24.
- the first and second control units 21 and 22 divide the hardware resources of the control device 20 virtually or physically according to a predetermined rule. Furthermore, the 1st, 2nd control parts 21 and 22 control the communication apparatus 10 independently according to each policy.
- the first and second control units 21 and 22 may be divided according to a predetermined rule such as a communication device 10 or a communication port to be controlled, a network user, a network policy, or the like. Moreover, the 1st, 2nd control parts 21 and 22 may control the same communication apparatus 10 or a communication port, and may control the communication apparatus 10 by the same policy.
- a predetermined rule such as a communication device 10 or a communication port to be controlled, a network user, a network policy, or the like.
- the 1st, 2nd control parts 21 and 22 may control the same communication apparatus 10 or a communication port, and may control the communication apparatus 10 by the same policy.
- the control information is information related to packet processing of the communication device 10 based on the policies that the first and second control units 21 and 22 individually have, and the first and second control units 21 and 22 are communication interfaces. 24 individually.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an operation example of the communication system of the present embodiment.
- the first and second control units 21 and 22 of the control device 20 independently set control information in the communication device 10 via the communication interface 24 (step S11).
- the communication device 10 processes a packet input from the outside according to the control information set by the control device (step S12).
- packet processing includes packet transfer, rewriting, discarding, and the like.
- control units 21 and 22 By arranging the plurality of control units 21 and 22 as described above, it is possible to eliminate the overhead for synchronization between control devices required in the configuration of Patent Document 1. Further, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, these plurality of control devices do not assume a synchronized operation, and thus can be operated with different control policies.
- the first and second control units 21 and 22 control the same communication device 10
- the sharing of the first and second control units 21 and 22 is determined for each packet, and the superiority or inferiority (priority) between the first and second control units 21 and 22 is determined. It is possible to avoid conflicts.
- the number of control units in the control device 20 is not limited to two. For example, a configuration in which three or more control units are provided and each control unit operates independently can be employed.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the control device 20A in the present embodiment.
- the control device 20A includes first to third control units 21 to 23.
- the first control unit 21 is assigned to the operator A
- the second control unit 22 is assigned to the operator B
- the third control unit 23 is assigned to the operator C
- the control unit is used as if it is.
- the first to third control units 21 to 23 independently set control information to each communication device 10 in the network via the communication interface 24. And each communication apparatus 10 processes the packet input according to these control information.
- the resource allocation of the control device 20 to the first to third control units 21 to 23 corresponding to each operator may be different for each operator depending on, for example, the priority of the operator and the load on the control unit. Moreover, the resource allocation to each operator may be changed / added dynamically.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a communication system according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- two control devices 20-1 and 20-2 are arranged, and each control device sets control information in each communication device 10 independently of each other.
- At least one communication device 10 among the communication devices 10 constituting the communication system in the present embodiment is connected to both the control devices 20-1 and 20-2 (see the broken line in FIG. 5).
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example when a failure occurs in the control device 20-1 in the present embodiment.
- another control device for example, the control device 20-2 monitors and detects the occurrence of this failure.
- the failure occurrence monitoring method detects, for example, that communication with the control device 20-1 is interrupted in the communication device 10 connected to both the control devices 20-1 and 20-2. It is possible. In this case, the communication device 10 that has detected the disconnection determines that a failure has occurred, and notifies the control device 20-2 of the occurrence of the failure. Then, the control device 20-2 controls the communication device 10 instead of the control device 10 in which the failure has occurred.
- the failure occurrence monitoring method may be detected by, for example, periodically checking each other for occurrence of failure between the control devices 20-1 and 20-2.
- the load distribution function can be improved. Further, even if a failure or the like occurs in one control device or a link between the control device and the communication device, the operation can be continued by the other control device covering and the availability is improved.
- the configuration is not particularly defined on the communication device side, but it is also possible to have a function for properly using the control device on the communication device 10 side.
- control information defining an inquiry destination (control information setting request destination) for each flow is set in the communication device 10.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the communication device 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the configuration of the communication system in the present embodiment is the same as that in FIG. 5, but includes a function in which the communication device 10 distributes the inquiry destination of the packet to the control devices 20-1 and 20-2.
- the communication device 10 in FIG. 7 includes a packet processing unit 11 that processes a packet input to the communication device 10, a communication interface 12 that communicates with the control devices 20-1 and 20-2, and a storage unit 13.
- Packet processing performed by the packet processing unit 11 includes transfer of packets to other communication devices, rewriting, discarding, and the like.
- the communication interface 12 transmits an inquiry regarding packet processing to the control devices 20-1 and 20-2, and receives control information transmitted from the control device.
- the storage unit 13 includes a table in which identification conditions (match conditions) are associated with a control device that is an inquiry destination.
- the identification conditions are, for example, the type of packet and the input port, and the control device that is the inquiry destination is associated with them.
- the packet processing unit 11 makes an inquiry to the control device via the communication interface 12 regarding the processing of the input packet according to the table of the storage unit 13.
- the packet processing unit 11 refers to the table in the storage unit 13 and makes an inquiry about the packet processing to the control device 20-1.
- the packet processing unit 11 inquires of the control device 20-2 about packet processing.
- the communication apparatus has another table related to packet processing in the storage unit 13 or a storage area (not shown), and may inquire when a packet not registered in this table is input. .
- the first control device 20-1 determines the processing content to be applied to the packet A, and sets control information that defines the processing content to the communication device 10 via the communication interface 24.
- the second control device 20-2 that has received the request determines the processing content to be applied to the packet B, and sets control information that defines the processing content to the communication device 10 via the communication interface 24.
- the control information in the initial state of the communication device 10 in FIG. 7 can also employ a method in which the control devices 20-1 and 20-2 set the communication device 10 respectively. Of course, it may be set by the network administrator.
- the single control device (control unit) It is necessary to create and set control information for both.
- the processing can be distributed to a plurality of control devices (control units) that operate independently.
- control device 20 dynamically changes the allocation of transfer resources of the communication device 10.
- the control device 120 transfers the flow that it has been in charge of to the other control device 20 so far. This transfer can be realized when one control device 20 instructs the communication device 10 to change the setting destination of the control information.
- it is also possible to perform control such that when the load of the device itself becomes small, the flow assigned to another control device is transferred to the device side. This transfer can also be realized by instructing the communication apparatus 10 to change the control information setting request destination to the own apparatus side.
- association between the control device and the transfer resource of the communication device may be changed according to not only the load state but also other communication policies. For example, from the viewpoint of power saving, it is possible to operate such that one control device is responsible for controlling the communication device and the other control device shifts to a sleep state.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device 20B according to a modification of the present embodiment.
- the control device 20B includes first and second control units 21 and 22, a communication interface 24, an identification unit 25, and a storage unit 26.
- the first and second control units 21 and 22 and the communication interface 24 have the same functions as those in FIG.
- the storage unit 26 has a table in which the identification condition and the control unit that is the inquiry destination are associated with each other as in the storage unit 13 of FIG.
- the identification unit 25 distributes the inquiry about the packet processing from the communication device to one of the first and second control units 21 and 22 according to the table in the storage unit 26.
- the control device that has received the inquiry determines the processing content to be applied to the packet, and sets control information that defines the processing content in the communication device 10 via the communication interface 24.
- the table information in the storage unit 26 may be set by the first and second control units 21 and 22, for example.
- the identification unit 25 may dynamically change the distribution to the first and second control units 21 and 22 according to the load state, policy, and the like. In this case, for example, it can be realized by updating the flow table indicating the correspondence between the identification condition in the storage unit 26 and the inquiry destination control unit.
- the edge router (hereinafter referred to as “router”) connected to the communication device and the plurality of control devices exchange route information, thereby further improving the load distribution function and the failure recovery function.
- the communication device 10 confirms whether or not a failure has occurred in the control device 20-1
- the control device 20-2 confirms whether or not a failure has occurred in the control device 20-1.
- the router connected to the communication device and the plurality of control devices 20-1 and 20-2 detect the failure by exchanging route information, and the edge router performs the failure switching. Also, load balancing is possible.
- a method by exchanging route information using BGP Border Gateway Protocol
- OSPF Open Shortest Path First
- the means for distributing the load traffic distribution technology such as ECMP (Equal Cost Multi Path) defined by IEEE 802.1Qbp or LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol) defined by IEEE 802.3ad is used. can do.
- ECMP Equal Cost Multi Path
- LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol
- the protocol to be used differs depending on whether route information is exchanged or load distribution is to be executed, the concept that the control devices 20-1 and 20-2 terminate and control the communication device 10 is similar.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of the configuration of a communication system according to the fifth embodiment.
- a configuration including routers 130-1 to 130-4, communication devices 110-1 to 110-4, and control devices 120-1 to 120-2 is shown.
- a solid line between the routers 130-1 to 130-4 and the communication devices 110-1 to 110-4 indicates that a route is set, and a broken line indicates that a route is not set. .
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the communication apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- a configuration of a communication device 110A in which internal resources of the communication device are divided into a virtual communication device 110-11 and a virtual communication device 110-12 is shown.
- the communication device 110-1 can avoid contention due to control from a plurality of control devices.
- the virtual communication devices 110-11 and 110-12 in FIG. 10 are image diagrams for explaining the division of internal resources, and it is not necessary to completely separate all blocks, and they are physically mounted in the same block. There is no problem even if it is done.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a specific configuration of the communication apparatuses 110-1 to 110-4 that have performed the internal resource division. Since the communication devices 110-1 to 110-4 have the same configuration, in order to simplify the description, the communication devices 110-1 to 110-4 are described as “communication device 110” unless they are particularly distinguished.
- the communication apparatus 110 includes an input unit 111, a control packet demultiplexing unit 112, a control packet processing unit 113, a first control path management table 114, a second control path management table 115, data A packet processing unit 116, a first data transfer table 117, a second data transfer table 118, and an output unit 119 are provided.
- the input unit 111 sends packets received from other communication devices 110-2, control devices 120-1 to 120-2, or external edge routers 130-1 to 130-4 to the control packet demultiplexing and multiplexing unit 112. The interface to transfer. At that time, the input unit 111 notifies the control packet demultiplexing / multiplexing unit 112 of the port information (including the logical port) where the packet is input.
- control device 120 and the edge routers 130-1 to 130-4 will be referred to as “control device 120” and “edge router 130”, respectively, unless otherwise distinguished.
- the control packet demultiplexing / multiplexing unit 112 identifies the header of the packet received from the input unit 111 and determines whether the received packet is a control packet. If it is determined that the control packet is to be terminated, the control packet demultiplexing / multiplexing unit 112 transfers the control packet to the control packet processing unit 113. On the other hand, when the received packet is a packet other than the control packet, the control packet demultiplexing unit 112 transfers these packets to the data packet processing unit 116. The control packet demultiplexing / multiplexing unit 112 also notifies the input port information received from the input unit 111 when transferring the packet to the control packet processing unit 113 and the data packet processing unit 116.
- control packet processing unit 113 When the received control packet is a control packet transmitted from the edge router 130, the control packet processing unit 113 first control path management table 114 (see reference numeral 114-1 in FIG. 12) or second control path management table 115. Referring to (refer to reference numeral 115-1 in FIG. 12), the output unit 119 is instructed to convert the frame into a frame with the corresponding control path information (referred to as “control path frame”) and transfer it to the control device 120. Which table is to be referred to can be determined from the input port of the received packet, the header of the received packet, etc. On the contrary, when the received control packet is a control packet received from the control device 120, The control packet processing unit 113 includes a first control path management table 114 (see reference numeral 114-2 in FIG. 12) or It refers to the control path management table 115 (reference numeral 115-2 in Figure 12), remove the control packet from the control path frame to identify the output port, and instructs the transfer to the output unit 119.
- the first control path management table 114 is a table that stores entries in which input port information and path identifiers are associated with each other. The contents of the first control path management table 114 are managed by the control device 120-1.
- the upper part of FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the first control path management table 114.
- the communication device 110 when receiving a control packet from the edge router 130, the communication device 110 refers to the control path management table 114-1 and determines a path identifier to be included in the control path frame from the receiving port (UNI (User Network Interface) port). Identify.
- the communication device 110 when receiving control packets from the control devices 120-1 and 120-2, the communication device 110 refers to the control path management table 114-2 and outputs a packet based on the path identifier extracted from the control path frame. Port to be used (UNI port). In the example of FIG. 12, VLAN ID (VID) is used as the path identifier. However, the path identifier is an identifier that allows the communication device 110 to identify the connection ports of the edge routers 130-1 to 130-4. Well, not limited to VID.
- the second control path management table 115 is a table that stores entries in which input port information and path identifiers are associated with each other, and is managed by the control device 120-2.
- the lower part of FIG. 12 shows an example of the second control path management table 115. Details thereof are the same as those of the first control path management table 114, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the data packet processing unit 116 uses the first data transfer table 117 and the second data transfer table 118 as a key with the destination information and the input port of the data packet. By searching, the path ID is specified, frame conversion for transmission on the path between the communication apparatuses 110 is performed, and the frame is transferred to the output unit 119.
- the data packet processing unit 116 performs the first data transfer using the path information and destination information of the frame in which the data packet is stored as keys.
- the table 117 and the second data transfer table 118 are searched to specify an output port to which the data packet is to be output. Then, the data packet processing unit 116 performs frame conversion for transfer to the edge router 130, designates the identified output port, and transfers it to the output unit 119.
- the first data transfer table 117 is a table that stores an entry in which port information, destination information, and a path ID that is an ID of a data path are associated with each other.
- the first data transfer table 117 is managed by the control device 120-1.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the first data transfer table 117 and the second data transfer table 118.
- the communication device 110 receives a data packet from the edge router 130, the communication device 110 refers to the first data transfer table 117-1 shown in the upper left of FIG. 13 and corresponds to the reception port and destination information (destination IP address).
- the path ID to be specified is specified.
- the communication device 110 refers to the first data transfer table 117-2 shown in the upper right of FIG. And an output port corresponding to the destination information (destination IP address).
- the second data transfer table 118 shown in the lower part of FIG. 13 is a table that stores entries in which port information, destination information, and path IDs are associated with each other, like the first data transfer table 117.
- the second data transfer table 118 is managed by the control device 120-2.
- the details of the second data transfer table 118 are the same as those of the first data transfer table 117, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the output unit 119 is an interface that transfers a packet to another communication device 110, the control device 120, or the edge router 130 in accordance with an instruction from the control packet processing unit 113 or the data packet processing unit 116.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration of a control device 120 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the control device 120 includes a transmission / reception unit 121, a data path setting unit 122, a topology database 123, a mapping setting unit 124, and a control path management table 125.
- the transmission / reception unit 121 is an interface that transmits and receives control packets to and from the communication device 110.
- the data path setting unit 122 sets a transmission path between the communication devices 110 and registers the result in the topology database 123.
- the transmission path may be set by the administrator, or the data path setting unit 122 may calculate based on the connection relationship between the communication devices according to a predetermined route calculation rule.
- the topology database 123 is a database that stores transmission path information and the like set by the data path setting unit 122.
- the topology database 123 is referred to when the mapping setting unit 124 calculates a transmission path between communication devices.
- the mapping setting unit 124 is connected to the communication device 110 via the transmission / reception unit 121, and exchanges control packets with the edge router 130 via the communication device 110.
- the mapping setting unit 124 instructs the communication device 110 to which edge router 130 the control packet should be transferred.
- the mapping setting unit 124 converts the control packet into a control path frame according to the control path obtained by referring to the control path management table 125 and transfers the control packet to the transmission / reception unit 121.
- the mapping setting unit 124 acquires interface information of the communication apparatus 110 corresponding to the header of the reception control path frame from the control path management table 125. Further, the mapping setting unit 124 updates the data transfer table 117/118 of the communication device 110 according to the content of the control packet stored in the control path frame.
- the control path management table 125 is a table that stores an entry in which the interface information (UNI port) of the communication device 110 connected to the edge router is associated with the control path header.
- the control path management table 125 can have the same configuration as the first control path management table 114 and the second control path management table 115 of FIG.
- control device 120 has an ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) table (not shown), and has a function of updating the ARP table according to the ARP request received from the edge router 130 and responding to the ARP request. .
- ARP Address Resolution Protocol
- each unit (processing means) of the communication device 110 and the control device 120 illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 14 is a computer program that causes a computer configuring these devices to execute the above-described processes using the hardware. Can also be realized.
- control devices 120-1 and 120-2 independently exchange path information and address information with adjacent edge routers 130-1 to 130-4, and set the results in communication devices 110-1 to 110-4. To do.
- the data transfer table of the communication device 110 is one
- the different control devices 120-1 and 120-2 set the data transfer table for the edge router 130 for the same communication device 110
- contention on the forwarding table control causes contention on the forwarding table control.
- the present embodiment by separating the input ports (including logical ports) of the communication devices 110-1 to 110-4 that can be set by the control device 120-1 and the control device 120-2 respectively, There is no contention for control. For example, in the example of FIG.
- control device 120-1 manages the input ports P1 to P4 of the communication device 110 via the input ports P1, P2, P3, and P4, and the control device 120-2 controls the input port P5. , P6, P7, and P8, the input ports P5 to P8 of the communication device 110 are managed.
- the edge routers 130-1 to 130-4 exchange route information and address information simultaneously with the control device 120-1 and the control device 120-2 having different IP addresses. Among them, a route having a high priority is selected and a data packet is transferred. For example, in the state of FIG. 9, the router 130-1 determines that the communication device 110-1 controlled by the control device 120-1 has a higher priority for a certain packet, and the communication device 110-1 (Refer to the solid line between the router 130-1 and the communication device 110-1). If the edge routers 130-1 to 130-4 detect that a failure has occurred in a route with high priority, the route is exchanged again with the control devices 120-1 and 120-2, and the failure occurs. It is possible to switch the data transfer selection to another route that is not.
- the router 130-1 determines that the communication device 110-2 controlled by the control device 120-2 has a higher priority, and the route Is switched to the communication device 110-2 (see the broken line between the router 130-1 and the communication device 110-2).
- step S1101 when receiving the packet / frame (step S1101), the input unit 111 of the communication apparatus 110 identifies the input port and transfers the received packet / frame to the control packet demultiplexing unit 112 (step S1101). S1102).
- control packet demultiplexing unit 112 determines the type of received packet / frame (step S1103).
- NNI Network to Network Interface
- the control packet demultiplexing unit 112 transfers the received frame to the data packet processing unit 116.
- the data packet processing unit 116 that has received the frame searches the first data transfer table 117 and the second data transfer table 118 for an entry that matches the input port and the destination information (step S1104).
- the data packet processing unit 116 converts the frame and transfers it to the edge router 130 via the output port of the entry. On the other hand, as a result of the search, if the corresponding entry is not found (mishit), the data packet processing unit 116 discards the frame (step S1105).
- the communication apparatus 110 determines whether the received packet is a control packet (step S1106). If the received packet is a control packet (Yes in step S1106), the communication apparatus 110 searches the first and second control path management tables 114 and 115 for an entry that matches the input port information or path identifier, An output port is specified (step S1107). Then, after the frame conversion, the communication device 110 transmits to the control devices 120-1 to 120-2 or the edge router 130 (step S1108).
- the communication apparatus 110 searches the first data transfer table 117 and the second data transfer table 118 for an entry that matches the destination information and can transfer the packet. (Step S1109), if a hit is found, the packet is converted and transferred to the next communication device (step S1110). On the other hand, in the case of a miss hit, the communication device 110 discards the corresponding packet (step S1111).
- control device 120 Before exchanging the routing protocol with the edge routers 130-1 to 130-4, the control device 120 activates the data path setting unit 122 (step S1221), and determines the physical topology of the communication device 110. Collect (step S1222). Next, the control device 120 constructs a transmission path for executing data transmission between the communication devices 110-1 to 110-4 to which the edge routers 130-1 to 130-4 are connected (step S1223). The transmission path information is registered in the topology database 123 (step S1224).
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the operation of the mapping setting unit of the control device after the transmission path is determined.
- the transmission / reception unit 121 of the control device 120 receives a control packet (step S1241), it specifies control path information (step S1242).
- control device 120 determines whether or not the received packet is an ARP request (step S1243). If the received packet is an ARP request (Yes in step S1243), the control device 120 registers the reception result in the ARP table (step S1244), and then generates an ARP response packet and returns it to the control path (step S1245). .
- the control device 120 checks whether the received packet is a control packet such as BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) or OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) (step S1246).
- BGP Border Gateway Protocol
- OSPF Open Shortest Path First
- the control device 120 changes the data transfer table of the communication device 110.
- the control device 120 updates the data transfer table corresponding to the control packet received by the communication device 110 (step S1247).
- the control device 120 generates a control path frame, transmits it to the control path, and transfers it to the edge routers 130-1 to 130-4 via the communication device 110 (step S1248).
- control device 120 checks whether or not it is a packet that can be processed by itself (step S1249).
- the control device 120 processes a packet that can be processed by itself (step S1250), and discards the received packet if the packet is not a processing target (step S1251).
- the two control devices 120-1 and 120-2 exchange route information with the edge router 130, set the data transfer route, and the communication device 110 The client data is transferred based on the routes set by the control devices 120-1 and 120-2.
- both the improvement in fault tolerance of the configuration in which the transmission network is arranged between the routers and the avoidance of control contention are compatible.
- the communication device has been described as converting to a predetermined frame at the time of data transfer between the communication devices.
- a flow identifier such as a VLAN ID is written in the header and transferred. It is also possible to adopt a configuration of
- the communication device of the fifth embodiment described above can be configured based on the OpenFlow switch of Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2.
- the first and second data transfer tables 117 and 118 and the first and second control path management tables 114 and 115 described above can be realized by the flow tables described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2.
- the communication device includes a table for storing control information from each control unit, A communication system in which each control unit controls the communication device by updating a table assigned to the control unit.
- the control information is configured by associating a match condition for identifying a flow with a processing content applied to a packet that matches the match condition, A communication system in which each control unit updates the table in units of flows.
- Each control unit is prepared for each network operator, A communication system configured such that each network operator can use a control unit assigned to the network operator.
- Each control unit is composed of physically different devices, A communication system in which the communication device is connected to each device through a different channel.
- Each control unit depending on the load status of its own device, A communication system that changes assignment of transfer resources of a communication device associated with the own device.
- the plurality of control units exchange route information with an external device, A communication system for changing a transfer table of a communication device.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、日本国特許出願:特願2014-043761号(2014年3月6日出願)に基づくものであり、同出願の全記載内容は引用をもって本書に組み込み記載されているものとする。
本発明は、通信システム、制御装置、通信装置及び通信方法に関し、特に、パケット通信システム、制御装置、通信装置及び通信方法に関する。
なお、前記した通信システム、制御装置、通信装置及びプログラムの各要素は、それぞれ上記した課題の解決に貢献する。
はじめに、本発明の第1の実施形態において図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態の通信システムの構成を示す図である。図1を参照すると、外部から設定された制御情報に従ってパケットを処理する通信装置10と、これら通信装置10に制御情報を設定することにより通信装置10を制御する制御装置20と、を含む通信システムが示されている。
上記した第1の実施形態における制御装置20内の制御部を、ネットワークにおけるオペレータ毎に分割した場合の具体例について詳細に説明する。本実施形態の通信システムの構成は、図1と同様の構成であるが、制御装置20に代えて、制御装置20Aを備える。図4は、本実施形態における制御装置20Aの構成を示す図である。制御装置20Aは、第1~第3の制御部21~23を含む。
上記した制御装置内の制御部は、物理的な1つの制御装置に設けることもできるが、当該制御部を物理的に分割する場合、2以上の制御装置にそれぞれ配置することも可能である。図5は、本発明の第3の実施形態の通信システムの構成を示す図である。図5の例では、2つの制御装置20-1、20-2が配置され、それぞれの制御装置が、互いに独立して各通信装置10に制御情報を設定する。
上記した実施形態では、通信装置側で構成については特に規定しなかったが、通信装置10側に制御装置を使い分ける機能を持たせることも可能である。例えば、図7の例では、通信装置10にフロー毎に問い合わせ先(制御情報の設定要求先)を規定した制御情報を設定している。
続いて、通信装置に接続するエッジルータ(以下、「ルータ」という。)と上記複数の制御装置が経路情報の交換をすることで、負荷分散機能や障害回復機能をさらに向上させた第5の実施形態について図面を参照して詳細に説明する。上記した第3の実施形態では通信装置10が制御装置20-1の障害発生有無を確認したり、制御装置20-2が制御装置20-1の障害発生有無を確認したりした。これに対し、本実施形態では通信装置に接続するルータと上記複数の制御装置20-1、20-2が経路情報の交換をすることで障害を検知し、前記エッジルータが障害切替を実施し、負荷分散も可能にする。なお、前記障害切替をする手段としては、例えば、既存のIPプロトコルであるBGP(Border Gateway Protocol)やOSPF(Open Shortest Path First)等を用いた経路情報の交換による方法を採ることができる。また、前記負荷分散する手段としては、IEEE 802.1Qbpで規定されているECMP(Equal Cost Multi Path)やIEEE 802.3adで規定されているLACP(Link Aggregation Control Protocol)等によるトラヒック分散技術を利用することができる。経路情報を交換したいか負荷分散を実施したいかによって利用すべきプロトコルは異なるが、制御装置20-1、20-2が終端して通信装置10を制御する概念においては類似であるため、本実施形態では代表例として上記BGPやOSPF等のIPプロトコルを利用して障害に応じた経路切替を行うものとして説明する。図9は、第5の実施形態に係る通信システムの構成の一例を示す。図9を参照すると、ルータ130-1~130-4と、通信装置110-1~110-4と、制御装置120-1~120-2とを含む構成が示されている。図9のルータ130-1~130-4と通信装置110-1~110-4間の実線は、経路が設定されている状態を示し、破線は、経路が設定されていない状態と示している。
[第1の形態]
(上記第1の視点による通信システム参照)
[第2の形態]
第1の形態の通信システムにおいて、
前記各制御部が、前記通信装置に対し、前記第1、第2のルールに従って、それぞれ自装置に制御情報の設定を要求させる制御情報を設定することで、負荷分散又は障害回復を行う通信システム。
[第3の形態]
第1又は第2の形態の通信システムにおいて、
前記通信装置の転送リソースが前記各制御部と対応付けられており、
前記通信装置の前記転送リソースへの入力を切り替えることで、負荷分散又は障害回復を行う通信システム。
[第4の形態]
第3の形態の通信システムにおいて、
前記通信装置が、前記各制御部からの制御情報の格納用のテーブルを備えており、
前記各制御部が、それぞれ自身に割り当てられたテーブルを更新することで、前記通信装置を制御する通信システム。
[第5の形態]
第3又は第4の形態の通信システムにおいて、
前記制御情報は、フローを識別するためのマッチ条件と、該マッチ条件に適合するパケットに適用する処理内容とを対応付けて構成され、
前記各制御部が、フロー単位で、前記テーブルを更新する通信システム。
[第6の形態]
第1から第5いずれか一の形態の通信システムにおいて、
前記各制御部がネットワークオペレータ毎に用意されており、
前記各ネットワークオペレータが、それぞれ自身に割り当てられた制御部を利用可能に構成されている通信システム。
[第7の形態]
第1から第6いずれか一の形態の通信システムにおいて、
前記各制御部は、物理的に異なる装置にて構成され、
前記通信装置が前記各装置とそれぞれ異なるチャネルで接続されている通信システム。
[第8の形態]
第3から第7いずれか一の形態の通信システムにおいて、
前記各制御部は、自装置の負荷状況に応じて、
自装置に対応付けられた通信装置の転送リソースの割当てを変更する通信システム。
[第9の形態]
第1から第8いずれか一の形態の通信システムにおいて、
前記複数の制御部は、外部装置と経路情報を交換することで、
通信装置の転送テーブルを変更する通信システム。
[第10の形態]
(上記第2の視点による制御装置参照)
[第11の形態]
(上記第3の視点による通信装置参照)
[第12の形態]
(上記第4の視点による通信装置参照)
[第13の形態]
(上記第5の視点による通信方法参照)
なお、上記第10~第13の形態は、第1の形態と同様に、第2~第9の形態に展開することが可能である。
11 パケット処理部
12 通信インターフェース
13 記憶部
20、20A、20B、20-1、20-2、120、120-1、120-2、220、220-1、220-2、320、320-1、320-2 制御装置
21 第1制御部
22 第2制御部
23 第3制御部
24 通信インターフェース
25 識別部
26 記憶部
110-11、110-12 仮想通信装置部
111 入力部
112 制御パケット分離多重部
113 制御パケット処理部
114、114-1、114-2 第1制御パス管理テーブル
115、115-1、115-2 第2制御パス管理テーブル
116、216 データパケット処理部
117、117-1、117-2 第1データ転送テーブル
118、118-1、118-2 第2データ転送テーブル
119 出力部
121 送受信部
122 データパス設定部
123 トポロジーデータベース
124 マッピング設定部
125 制御パス管理テーブル
130、130-1~130-4 ルータ(エッジルータ)
Claims (13)
- 外部から設定された制御情報に従ってパケットを処理する通信装置と、
前記通信装置に制御情報を設定することにより前記通信装置を制御する制御装置と、を含み、
前記制御装置として、第1のルールに従って制御情報を設定する第1の制御部と第2のルールに従って制御情報を設定する第2の制御部とが配置されており、
前記第1及び第2の制御部は、互いに独立して前記通信装置を制御すること、
を特徴とする通信システム。 - 前記各制御部が、前記通信装置に対し、前記第1、第2のルールに従って、それぞれ自装置に制御情報の設定を要求させる制御情報を設定することで、負荷分散又は障害回復を行う請求項1の通信システム。
- 前記通信装置の転送リソースが前記各制御部と対応付けられており、
前記通信装置の前記転送リソースへの入力を切り替えることで、負荷分散又は障害回復を行う請求項1又は2の通信システム。 - 前記通信装置が、前記各制御部からの制御情報の格納用のテーブルを備えており、
前記各制御部が、それぞれ自身に割り当てられたテーブルを更新することで、前記通信装置を制御する請求項1から3いずれか一の通信システム。 - 前記制御情報は、フローを識別するためのマッチ条件と、該マッチ条件に適合するパケットに適用する処理内容とを対応付けて構成され、
前記各制御部が、フロー単位で、前記テーブルを更新する請求項3又は4の通信システム。 - 前記各制御部がネットワークオペレータ毎に用意されており、
前記各ネットワークオペレータが、それぞれ自身に割り当てられた制御部を利用可能に構成されている請求項1から5いずれか一の通信システム。 - 前記各制御部は、物理的に異なる装置にて構成され、
前記通信装置が前記各装置とそれぞれ異なるチャネルで接続されている請求項1から6いずれか一の通信システム。 - 前記各制御部は、自装置の負荷状況に応じて、
自装置に対応付けられた通信装置の転送リソースの割当てを変更する請求項3から7いずれか一の通信システム。 - 前記複数の制御部は、外部装置と経路情報を交換することで、
通信装置の転送テーブルを変更する請求項1から8いずれか一の通信システム。 - 外部から設定された制御情報に従ってパケットを処理する通信装置を、制御する制御装置であって、
第1のルールに従って制御情報を設定する第1の制御部と第2のルールに従って制御情報を設定する第2の制御部とを備え、
前記第1及び第2の制御部は、互いに独立して前記通信装置を制御すること、
を特徴とする制御装置。 - 外部から設定された制御情報に従ってパケットを処理する通信装置を、制御する通信装置であって、
第1のルールに従って制御情報を設定する制御装置と独立して、第2のルールに従って前記通信装置に制御すること、
を特徴とする通信装置。 - 互いに独立して動作する、第1のルールに従って制御情報を設定する第1の制御部と第2のルールに従って制御情報を設定する第2の制御部と接続され、
前記各制御部から設定された制御情報に従ってパケットを処理する通信装置。 - 外部から設定された制御情報に従ってパケットを処理する通信装置と、
前記通信装置に制御情報を設定することにより前記通信装置を制御する制御装置と、を含む通信システムにおいて、
前記制御装置として、第1のルールに従って制御情報を設定する第1の制御部と第2のルールに従って制御情報を設定する第2の制御部とが、互いに独立して動作して、前記通信装置に制御情報を設定するステップと、
前記通信装置が、前記制御情報に従って、パケットを処理するステップと、
を含む通信方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3116176A4 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
US20170078193A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
JPWO2015133561A1 (ja) | 2017-04-06 |
CN106464586A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
EP3116176A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
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