Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
  • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
  • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
  • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
  • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B13/08—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
  • B32B13/02—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
  • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B13/12—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
  • B32B13/14—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
  • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
  • C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
  • B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
  • B32B2264/0228—Vinyl resin particles, e.g. polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol polymers or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
  • B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
  • B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
  • B32B2264/0257—Polyolefin particles, e.g. polyethylene or polypropylene homopolymers or ethylene-propylene copolymers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels

Definitions

• the invention relates to a gypsum board with acoustic properties.
• a plate can be used in particular for the realization of a wall facing, ceiling or floor, and a partition wall.
• Plaster-based plates are generally composite plates comprising a plaster core disposed between two layers of paper or nonwoven made of glass fibers or a polymer. These plates have mechanical properties that meet the standards in force, in particular good resistance to flexing under load.
• Plaster-based plates as such do not exhibit particular acoustic performance.
• a sound insulating material such as a glass or rock wool or a polymer, to form a composite product which can be held in place by means of profiles. , glue, screws or dowels depending on the intended use.
• the most common gypsum boards have an average thickness of 12.5 mm and are generally marketed under the name "BA 13". These plates have a surface density of the order of 9 kg / m 2 . It is certainly well known that the acoustic performance of a plate can be improved by increasing its surface density, for example up to 12 kg / m 2 , without modifying its thickness, but this necessarily results in an increase in the amount of plaster in the plate.
• the installation of a plate of higher mass density also has drawbacks: because of the increase of the weight, the handling of the plate is more difficult and this being more dense it is more difficult to fix it to the using screws. These disadvantages become major when the plate must be fixed in height (partition or ceiling).
• the object of the present invention is to provide a gypsum board having improved acoustical properties while maintaining good mechanical properties.
• a gypsum board whose acoustic properties are at least equivalent to those of a conventional plate of the same thickness but of higher surface density, of the order of 12 kg / m 2 .
• the weight per unit area more particularly targeted by the invention varies from 4 to 1 1 kg / m 2 , preferably of the order of 9 kg / m 2 .
• the plaster-based plate in particular of the type comprising a core based on plaster placed between two sheets of paper or nonwoven, characterized in that said core encloses at least one polymer.
• the core of the plate comprises plaster and at least one polymer chosen from vinyl polybutyral (PVB), copolymers of vinyl acetate and an olefin, which copolymers have a glass transition temperature which varies from -10 to + 25 ° C, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, an olefin and a vinyl ester monomer, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, a vinyl ester monomer and a (meth) acrylate monomer; and copolymers of vinyl acetate and an acrylic monomer.
• PVB vinyl polybutyral
• the polyvinyl butyral according to the invention advantageously has a glass transition temperature which varies from 40 to 100 ° C., preferably 50 to 90 ° C. and better still 60 and 80 ° C., measured by differential scanning calorimetry according to the ISO standard. 1 1357-1: 2009.
• the preferred polybutyral vinyl is in the form of a powder consisting of particles having a size between 20 and 1000 ⁇ , in particular 50 to 100 ⁇ , 150 to 400 ⁇ or 400 to 1000 ⁇ .
• copolymers of vinyl acetate and an olefin in accordance with the invention are, for example, copolymers of vinyl acetate and of at least one monomer chosen from ethylene, propylene, butylene and isobutylene.
• the glass transition temperature of these copolymers preferably varies from -5 to + 20 ° C and advantageously from 0 to + 10 ° C.
• the glass transition temperature of the copolymers is measured by differential scanning calorimetry according to ISO 1 1357-1: 2009. Copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene (EVA) are preferred.
• the terpolymers of vinyl acetate, an olefin and a vinyl ester monomer are, for example, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, an olefin as defined in the preceding paragraph and acrylate or methacrylate. alkyl.
• the terpolymers of vinyl acetate, a vinyl ester monomer and a (meth) acrylate monomer are, for example, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, vinyl ester of versatic acid (called VeoVal O) and acrylate.
• Copolymers of vinyl acetate and an acrylic monomer are, for example, copolymers of vinyl acetate and of alkyl acrylate or methacrylate.
• the polymer generally represents 1 to 40% by weight of the mixture consisting of plaster and polymer, preferably 3 to 30% and advantageously 5 to 20%.
• the polymer according to the invention is advantageously in the form of particles having an average size which varies from 0.01 to 1 200 ⁇ , preferably 0.1 to 1000 ⁇ , and better still from 0.2 to 400 ⁇ . .
• the core of the plate according to the invention may further contain additives which improve the physicochemical properties of the final product and make it possible to obtain good conditions of application.
• the core can thus comprise the following additives in the following proportions by weight, expressed in parts per 100 parts by weight of plaster:
• an adhesion agent whose function is to increase the adhesion of the paper coating with the plaster, for example a starch, in particular pretreated with an acid, a dextrin or a flour vegetable, in particular wheat or maize,
• a setting accelerator for example calcium sulphate hydrate or potassium sulphate
• a biocide for example sodium omadine, - 0.0001 to 1 part of a foaming agent whose role is to create pores to reduce the density of the final product.
• a foaming agent whose role is to create pores to reduce the density of the final product.
• At least one water-repellent agent for example a siloxane or a polysiloxane
• At least one anti-fire agent for example vermiculite, silica, in particular of micrometric size, a clay or metal fibers,
• At least one reinforcing agent for example polymer fibers, mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers, and animal or vegetable fibers.
• Another object of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing the gypsum board, in particular of the type comprising a core disposed between two layers of paper or nonwoven which has just been described.
• the method is characterized in that, for producing the core of the plate, at least one polymer chosen from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), copolymers of vinyl acetate and an olefin, which copolymers have a temperature of glass transition ranging from -10 to +25 ° C, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, an olefin and a vinyl ester monomer, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, an ester monomer vinyl and a (meth) acrylate monomer, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and an acrylic monomer is added to calcined gypsum.
• PVB polyvinyl butyral
• Plasterboard is formed by a continuous process of mixing calcined calcined gypsum (calcium sulfate hemihydrate) with water to form a paste that is continuously deposited between two sheets of paper or non-paper.
• woven fabric containing mineral fibers, especially glass, or polymer fibers.
• the formed product is pressed to obtain the desired thickness, and is then conveyed continuously on a conveyor over a distance allowing the dough to reach a level of hardening sufficient to be able to be cut into plates of determined length.
• the plates are then dried in an oven to remove excess water.
• calcium sulphate hemihydrate (CaSO 4 .0.5H 2 0 calcined gypsum), whether natural or synthetic that is to say derived from the desulphurization of gas from thermal power plants, undergoes a hydration reaction in the presence of water and is converted into calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4 .2 H 2 0: gypsum).
• the amount of calcined gypsum used to form the dough generally varies from 50 to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of water and preferably from 60 to 120 parts.
• the polymer may be in the form of an aqueous solution or dispersion, a powder or pellets.
• a solution or dispersion it is added to the water used to prepare the dough.
• the addition is made with calcined gypsum before it is mixed with water to form the paste. Dispersions and powders are preferred.
• the thickness of the particularly targeted plasterboard plate is equal to 12.5 mm, it can not be excluded a lower thickness, especially up to 6 millimeters, or greater, especially up to 25 millimeters.
• the gypsum board according to the invention can be used as such or in combination with another material, for example a mineral or wood wool, or a polymer to form an acoustic and / or thermal panel, or a film interlayer polymer providing the connection between two plaster-based plates to form composite panel.
• another material for example a mineral or wood wool, or a polymer to form an acoustic and / or thermal panel, or a film interlayer polymer providing the connection between two plaster-based plates to form composite panel.
• This plate can be used to form wall claddings, false ceilings, floors and partition walls.
• Another subject of the invention relates to the use of a polymer chosen from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), copolymers of vinyl acetate and an olefin, which copolymers have a glass transition temperature which varies from 10 to + 25 ° C, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, an olefin and a vinyl ester monomer, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, a vinyl ester monomer and a monomer (Meth) acrylate, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and an acrylic monomer in a calcined gypsum based composition for the manufacture of a plasterboard to improve the acoustic performance of said plate.
• PVB polyvinyl butyral
• This plaster-based composition comprises calcined gypsum and at least one polymer chosen from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), copolymers of vinyl acetate and an olefin, which copolymers have a glass transition temperature which varies from 10 to + 25 ° C, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, an olefin and a vinyl ester monomer, terpolymers of vinyl acetate, a vinyl ester monomer and a monomer (meth) acrylate, and copolymers of vinyl acetate and an acrylic monomer.
• the composition may be used in particular for producing joints.
• Plaster-based plates are prepared from the compositions given in Table 1.
• the mixture is stirred for 15 seconds at 600 rpm and 45 seconds at 1850 rpm.
• the foaming agent is then added and the mixture is stirred at 250 rpm for 50 seconds to obtain a paste.
• the paste is poured into a brass mold with 4 parallelepipedic cavities (length: 300 mm, width: 30 mm, depth: 13 mm) whose internal walls have been previously coated with a layer of oil.
• the samples are demolded after 20 minutes, then left in the open air for 40 minutes and finally dried in an oven at 40 ° C until their weight remains constant.
• the acoustic performance of the plates is evaluated by measuring their mechanical impedance MIM (Measurement of Mechanical Impedance) under the conditions of ISO 16940: 2008 (E). From the curve of the acceleration frequency (dB) as a function of the frequency (Hz), the dynamic Young's modulus (in GN / m 2 ) and the loss factor (in%) are calculated.
• MIM Measurement of Mechanical Impedance
• the samples are strips 300 mm long, 30 mm wide and 13 mm thick.
• Table 1 are the values of Young's modulus, loss factor and acoustic gain calculated with respect to the reference plates of Comparative Examples 10 and 11.
• Vinnapas 5044 N marketed by the company Wacker Chemie; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (Tg -7 ° C); solids content: 100% Vinnapas ® 7055 E marketed by Wacker Chemie; vinyl acetate-ethylene-vinyl ester terpolymer; solids content: 100% Emultex VV 665 ® marketed by the company Synthomer; vinyl acetate terpolymer-VeoVal O-acrylate; solids rate: 50%
• Emultex ® VV 675 sold by the company Synthomer; vinyl acetate terpolymer-VeoVal O-acrylate; solids rate: 50%
• Plextol DV 686 sold by the company Synthomer; styrene-acrylate copolymer; solids rate: 50%
• Synthomer ® VL 10946 sold by the company Synthomer; carboxylated styrene-butadiene copolymer; solids content: 50 Litex ® N 5140 sold by the company Synthomer; carboxylated butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer; solids content: 50% Plextol X ® 4427 sold by the company Synthomer; acrylic copolymer; solids rate: 50%

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
• Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)

Priority Applications (14)

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• 2014
  • 2014-03-07 FR FR1451884A patent/FR3018220B1/fr active Active
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