WO2015126083A1 - 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철 - Google Patents
엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015126083A1 WO2015126083A1 PCT/KR2015/001255 KR2015001255W WO2015126083A1 WO 2015126083 A1 WO2015126083 A1 WO 2015126083A1 KR 2015001255 W KR2015001255 W KR 2015001255W WO 2015126083 A1 WO2015126083 A1 WO 2015126083A1
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- cast iron
- graphite cast
- engine exhaust
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- exhaust system
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/08—Surface coverings for corrosion prevention
Definitions
- the present invention relates to spherical graphite cast iron having excellent oxidation resistance and fluidity at high temperatures used in engine exhaust system components.
- it relates to spherical graphite cast iron having excellent oxidation resistance and fluidity at a high temperature of about 800 ° C. or more in which the engine exhaust system part is used.
- the material used for manufacturing exhaust system components is generally spheroidal graphite cast iron to which silicon (Si) and molybdenum (Mo) are added.
- Si silicon
- Mo molybdenum
- Such spheroidal graphite cast iron is used as an exhaust system component material, such as an exhaust manifold of an engine whose exhaust gas temperature is 800 degrees C or less.
- the exhaust gas temperature rises above 800 ° C. When exposed to the exhaust gas temperature (800 ° C.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, to provide a spherical graphite cast iron and a method for producing the same having excellent oxidation resistance and fluidity at high temperatures in which engine exhaust parts are used.
- nickel (Ni) and aluminum (Al) can be added to the existing spherical graphite cast iron, and the content ratio thereof can be controlled in a specific range.
- the content ratio (Ni / Al) of nickel (Ni) and aluminum (Al) in the spherical graphite cast iron may be adjusted within the range of about 29 to 166.
- vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), cerium (Ce), or the like may be added to improve properties such as high temperature tensile strength.
- the spheroidal graphite cast iron has a thickness of less than about 190 ⁇ m and a good flowability of about 750 mm even though it is heat-treated at a temperature of about 900 ° C. or less for a predetermined time.
- 800 °C Tensile strength (High Temperature, Tensile Strength) may be about 50MPa or more.
- 1 is an image for explaining a crack formed in a conventional exhaust system component material and its formation mechanism.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a spiral test piece for fluidity evaluation.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a test piece for evaluating high temperature oxidation resistance.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating test conditions for evaluating high temperature oxidation resistance.
- Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are images showing the spheroidal graphite iron of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 and an oxide layer formed on the surface thereof.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an engine exhaust system component including spherical graphite iron in accordance with exemplary embodiments.
- a small amount of aluminum (Al) is used as a component of the spheroidal graphite cast iron, and the oxidation resistance is controlled by controlling the content ratio (Ni / Al) of nickel (Ni) and aluminum (Al) in the spherical graphite cast iron in a specific range.
- the two excellent alloys, nickel (Ni) and aluminum (Al) may react with each other to form a dense oxide layer on the surface of the spherical graphite cast iron at a high temperature.
- the content of aluminum (Al), and the content ratio (Ni / Al) of aluminum (Al) and nickel (Ni) in the spherical graphite cast iron, the thickness of the oxide layer is less than about 190 ⁇ m at a high temperature (about 900 °C),
- the flowability of the test piece helix is about 750 mm or more, and at the same time, the high temperature (800 ° C) High Temperature, Tensile Strength is about 50 MPa or more (i.e., excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and fluidity) for the production of spherical graphite cast iron It is an important factor. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the spherical graphite cast iron of the present invention to the chemical composition exemplified below.
- the manufacturing method of the spherical graphite cast iron according to the present invention and the chemical composition of the produced spherical graphite cast iron will be described.
- the present invention is not limited only to the following preparation methods, and the steps of each process may be modified or selectively mixed as necessary.
- Spheroidal graphite cast iron is about 3.0 to 3.4wt% carbon (C), about 4.2 to 4.5wt% silicon (Si), about 0.1 to 0.3wt% manganese (Mn), about sulfur (S) 0.002 ⁇ 0.01wt%, phosphorus (P) about 0.05wt% or less, magnesium (Mg) about 0.035 ⁇ 0.055wt%, molybdenum (Mo) about 0.9 ⁇ 1.2wt%, nickel (Ni) about 0.2 ⁇ 0.5wt%, vanadium (V) about 0.4 to 0.6 wt%, niobium (Nb) about 0.1 to 0.4 wt%, cerium (Ce) about 0.005 to 0.01 wt%, aluminum (Al) about 0.003 to 0.007 wt% and the balance of iron (Fe) Include.
- the ratio of the nickel (Ni) content to the aluminum (Al) content has
- the reason for adding each component contained in the spherical graphite cast iron and the reason for limiting the range of the added content are as follows.
- Carbon is an element that crystallizes healthy spheroidal graphite.
- carbon (C) is an element necessary for spherical graphite crystallization, carbide formation for improving high temperature strength, and fine pearlite formation.
- the carbon content is less than about 3.0 wt%, the number of spherical graphite per unit area decreases, so that the tensile strength at room temperature and high temperature is lowered.
- the overprocess Excessive crystallization of primary graphite in the composition results in poor shrinkage defects and fluidity, so that healthy spheroidal graphite cast iron cannot be obtained. Therefore, in order to obtain spherical graphite cast iron having excellent fluidity without shrinkage defects while maintaining normal temperature and high temperature tensile strength, the content of carbon (C) is preferably limited to about 3.0 to 3.4 wt%.
- Silicon (Si) is the best alloying element to increase high temperature strength and improve high temperature oxidation resistance.
- silicon (Si) content when the silicon (Si) content is less than about 4.2 wt%, it causes high temperature strength and high temperature oxidation resistance degradation, and when the content exceeds about 4.5 wt%, excessive amount of chunky graphite is present. Due to the lowering of the tensile strength at room temperature due to the crystallization, healthy spheroidal graphite cast iron cannot be obtained and the fluidity becomes poor. More specifically, when more than about 4.2 wt% of silicon (Si) is added, a Fe 2 SiO 4 layer is formed in the FeO oxide layer on the surface.
- silicon (Si) Since this layer is very fine to reduce the progress of oxidation, the addition of silicon (Si) in the range of about 4.2 ⁇ 4.5wt% has the effect of mitigating the catalyst attack by the high temperature oxide layer. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the content of silicon (Si) to about 4.2 ⁇ 4.5wt%.
- Manganese (Mn) is a typical pearlite-promoting element and also reacts with sulfur (S) to promote graphite nucleation sites. If the manganese (Mn) content of less than about 0.1wt% in the nodular cast iron according to the present invention, the nucleation site is reduced to increase the tendency of coarse nodular graphite or chill (Chill) it is difficult to obtain a healthy nodular cast iron, about If the content exceeds 0.3wt%, the pearlite is promoted to the base, so that the strength is lowered at a high temperature, resulting in inadequate formation of an oxide layer. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the content of manganese (Mn) to about 0.1 ⁇ 0.3wt%.
- sulfur (S) is a representative inhibitor of spheroidization of graphite in spheroidal graphite cast iron, it is advantageous to remove as much as possible to ensure sound spherical graphite cast iron. Traces of sulfur (S) also react with manganese (Mn) to encourage graphite nucleation sites. If the content of sulfur (S) in the nodular graphite cast iron according to the present invention is less than about 0.002wt%, the nucleation site may be reduced, thereby reducing the number of nodular graphite per unit area, and may cause coarsening of the nodular graphite.
- the content of sulfur (S) is about 0.01 wt% or more, the graphite does not grow spherically and leads to flake graphite. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of sulfur (S) is preferably limited to about 0.002 to 0.01 wt%.
- Phosphorus (P) about 0.05wt% or less
- Phosphorus is also a kind of impurities that are naturally added in the manufacturing process of cast iron in the air.
- Such phosphorus (P) reacts with the trace elements contained in the molten metal to form phosphide (steite) to enhance matrix strengthening and wear resistance, but the content of phosphorus (P) exceeds about 0.05 wt%. This stabilizes the pearlite and increases brittleness rapidly. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the content of phosphorus (P) to about 0.05wt% or less. In this case, the lower limit of the phosphorus (P) content may be greater than 0 wt%, and there is no particular limitation.
- magnesium (Mg) about 0.035 ⁇ 0.055wt%
- Magnesium (Mg) reacts with sulfur (S) and oxygen (O), which are spherical inhibitors, to remove sulfur (S) and oxygen (O) in the molten metal in the form of MgS and MgO to promote spheroidal crystallization to be. If the magnesium (Mg) content of less than about 0.035wt% in the spheroidal graphite cast iron according to the present invention, it may lead to flake graphite crystallization, and if the magnesium (Mg) content is about 0.055wt% or more, there is a high possibility of chilling. In order to increase the brittleness, in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the content of magnesium (Mg) to about 0.035 to 0.055 wt%.
- Molybdenum (Mo) about 0.9 ⁇ 1.2wt%
- Molybdenum (Mo) is an element that reinforces the matrix of spherical graphite cast iron, thereby improving the strength of the material and also improving the strength at high temperatures. If the content of molybdenum (Mo) in the spherical graphite cast iron according to the present invention is less than about 0.9wt%, the lack of high temperature tensile strength required by the present invention is caused.
- the content of molybdenum (Mo) exceeds about 1.2wt%, the high temperature tensile strength may increase a small amount due to the matrix reinforcing effect at high temperature, but the increase in material cost due to the low rate of increase in high temperature tensile strength compared to the addition of molybdenum (Mo) There is a problem. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the content of molybdenum (Mo) to about 0.9 ⁇ 1.20wt%.
- Nickel (Ni) about 0.2 ⁇ 0.5wt%
- Nickel (Ni) refines spheroidal graphite cast iron and strengthens the base because it is well dissolved in austenite and ferrite. In addition, because it is an austenite stabilizing element, it is an element having excellent thermal shock characteristics due to phase transformation at high temperature. If the content of nickel (Ni) in the spherical graphite cast iron according to the present invention is less than about 0.2 wt%, the austenite stabilization effect is insignificant, resulting in deterioration of high temperature oxidation characteristics. When the content of nickel (Ni) exceeds about 0.5wt%, austenite stabilization, thermal shock characteristics, and high temperature oxidation characteristics are all improved, but due to the high cost, there is a problem of material cost increase. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the content of nickel (Ni) to about 0.2 ⁇ 0.5wt%.
- V Vanadium (V) about 0.4 ⁇ 0.6wt%
- Vanadium (V) improves the strength from room temperature to a high temperature of about 850 ° C. Vanadium (V) precipitates high melting point fine vanadium carbide (VC) in the ferrite matrix, thereby improving the high temperature strength. If the vanadium (V) content is less than about 0.4 wt% in the spheroidal graphite cast iron according to the present invention, since the fraction of vanadium carbide (VC) is small, the high temperature strength and lack of oxidation resistance required by the present invention are caused. If the content of vanadium (V) exceeds about 0.6wt%, coarse vanadium carbide (VC) is segregated between the process cells, the high temperature strength is not improved, and the workability decreases due to the hardness increase. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the content of vanadium (V) to about 0.4 to 0.6wt%.
- Niobium (Nb) about 0.1 ⁇ 0.4wt%
- Niobium (Nb) refines grains and improves mechanical properties such as tensile strength and impact strength.
- carbides due to its high affinity with carbon or nitrogen, carbides are precipitated in cast iron and precipitation strengthening effect is caused by niobium carbide precipitation, and also serves to suppress phase transformation of austenite and ferrite.
- niobium (Nb) When the content of niobium (Nb) is less than about 0.1 wt% in the spheroidal graphite cast iron according to the present invention, there is no precipitation strengthening effect due to the precipitation of niobium carbide, and when the niobium (Nb) content exceeds about 0.4 wt%, niobium ( Nb) carbides segregate between process cells, causing high temperature strength and oxidation resistance to deteriorate, resulting in deterioration of workability due to hardness increase. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the content of niobium (Nb) to about 0.1 to 0.4 wt%.
- Aluminum (Al) is excellent in oxidation resistance, and especially when a small amount is added to cast iron, it promotes nucleation sites and improves fluidity. However, if it is added more than the appropriate amount, because it is highly reactive with oxygen, it reacts with the moisture contained in the mold, core, mold, etc. causes pin hole defects. If the content of aluminum (Al) in the nodular graphite cast iron according to the present invention is less than about 0.003wt%, there is no effect of promoting nucleation sites and fluidity, and if the aluminum (Al) content exceeds about 0.007wt%, the pin hole ( Pin hole) may cause a defect. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to limit the content of aluminum (Al) to about 0.003 ⁇ 0.007wt%.
- Cerium (Ce) reacts with sulfur (S) to form cerium sulfide (CeS), which not only strongly promotes graphite nucleation sites but also promotes spheroidal graphite growth.
- S sulfur
- Cerium sulfide cerium sulfide
- Cerium (Ce) exceeds about 0.01 wt%.
- Iron is the main body of cast iron according to the invention.
- the remaining amount of components other than the above components is iron (Fe), and other unavoidable impurities may be included.
- the spherical graphite cast iron according to Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 was prepared according to the composition of Table 1 below.
- a raw water containing carbon (C), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn), sulfur (S), and phosphorus (P) was prepared.
- Phosphorus (P) was not added as an impurity contained in the raw materials for casting, but only its content was adjusted to be about 0.05wt% or less.
- ferroalloys such as silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), and niobium (Nb) was adjusted using a spectrometer before tapping. After addition of aluminum (Al) and cerium (Ce) to complete melting, tapping was performed. At this time, the first inoculation was performed by injecting Fe-Si-based inoculum simultaneously with tapping. After completing tapping on the ladle, the temperature of the molten metal was measured, and the molten metal was injected into the prepared mold. At this time, by injecting Fe-Si-based inoculum at the same time as the second inoculation, spheroidal graphite cast iron having excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and fluidity as shown in Table 1 was prepared.
- Si silicon
- Mo molybdenum
- Mn manganese
- Ni nickel
- V vanadium
- Nb niobium
- Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are images showing the spheroidal graphite iron of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 and an oxide layer formed on the surface thereof.
- the thickness of the oxide layer of the cast iron according to Examples 1 to 8 in which the Ni / Al ratio was adjusted in the range of 29 to 166 was 190 ⁇ m or less, and the length of the spiral of the fluidity test piece was 750 mm or more. It was also found that the high temperature tensile strength advanced at 800 ° C. exceeded 50 MPa.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are the same as the alloying elements added to Examples 1 to 8, but the content of nickel (Ni) and the ratio of Ni / Al is an example out of the composition range of the present invention.
- Comparative Example 3 is the same as those of Examples 1 to 8, but is an example except for aluminum (Al), which is a core alloy element of the present invention.
- Comparative Example 4 is an example in which only an alloy element of heat-resistant spherical graphite cast iron applied to an exhaust manifold of an engine having a combustion temperature of 800 ° C. or lower is added.
- Comparative Examples 5 to 8 are examples of materials previously developed to manufacture spheroidal graphite cast iron for exhaust system parts of engines having a combustion temperature of 800 ° C. or higher.
- Comparative Example 3 in which aluminum is not added, has a low fluidity.
- Comparative Example 1 in which aluminum is excessively added as compared to nickel may have a thick oxide layer thickness and low fluidity compared with the present invention.
- the spheroidal graphite cast iron having excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and fluidity according to the present invention has both stable oxide layer thickness, fluidity and high temperature tensile strength, which is useful as a material for exhaust system parts of an engine having a combustion temperature of 800 ° C. or higher. It can be seen that it can be applied.
- the engine exhaust system component includes an exhaust manifold 110 individually connected to an exhaust port (not shown) of the combustion chamber for each cylinder of the engine, and a front pipe 120 coupled to the rear of the exhaust manifold 110.
- the front pipe 120 may be installed on the outer periphery may include a vibration damper 130 for absorbing the vibration by the shock wave generated during exhaust.
- the exhaust manifold 110 since the exhaust manifold 110 is in contact with the high temperature exhaust gas exhausted from the combustion chamber of the engine, it is necessary to have excellent heat resistance characteristics.
- the exhaust manifold 110 may include spherical graphite cast iron according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention described above.
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 전체 중량에 대하여 탄소(C) 3.0~3.4wt%, 규소(Si) 4.2~4.5wt%, 망간(Mn) 0.1~0.3wt%, 황(S) 0.002~0.01wt%, 인(P) 0.05wt% 이하, 마그네슘(Mg) 0.035~0.055wt%, 몰리브덴(Mo) 0.9~1.2wt%, 바나듐(V) 0.4~0.6wt%, 니오븀(Nb) 0.1~0.4wt%, 니켈(Ni), 알루미늄(Al) 및 잔량의 철(Fe)을 포함하고,상기 알루미늄(Al) 함량에 대한 상기 니켈(Ni) 함량의 비(Ni/Al)가 29~166 범위가 되는 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 알루미늄(Al) 함량은 전체 중량에 대하여 0.003~0.007wt% 범위이고, 상기 니켈(Ni) 함량은 전체 중량에 대하여 0.2~0.5wt% 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철.
- 제1항에 있어서, 세륨(Ce)을 더 포함하되, 상기 세륨(Ce)의 첨가량은 전체 중량에 대하여 0.005~0.01wt% 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철.
- 제1항에 있어서, 900℃ 이하의 온도에서 열처리될 때, 표면 산화층 두께가 190μm 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 표면 산화층은 Fe2SiO4를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철.
- 제1항에 있어서, 유동도 시험편의 나선의 길이가 750mm 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철.
- 제1항에 있어서, 800℃의 고온 인장강도(High Temperature, Tensile Strength) 가 50MPa 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 엔진 배기부품은 배기 매니폴드인 것을 특징으로 하는 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철.
- 제1항 내지 제3항의 구상흑연 주철을 소재로 이루어지는 엔진 배기 매니폴드 또는 이들 모두를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 엔진 배기계 부품.
- 제9항에 있어서, 표면 상에 190μm 미만의 두께를 가지고, Fe2SiO4를 포함하며, 상기 구상흑연 주철이 산화되어 형성된 산화층을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 엔진 배기계 부품.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/120,651 US10030289B2 (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2015-02-06 | Spheroidal graphite cast iron for an engine exhaust system |
| CN201580009785.1A CN106029924B (zh) | 2014-02-21 | 2015-02-06 | 发动机排气系统部件用球墨铸铁 |
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| KR10-2014-0020632 | 2014-02-21 | ||
| KR1020140020632A KR102148758B1 (ko) | 2014-02-21 | 2014-02-21 | 엔진 배기계 부품용 구상흑연 주철 |
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| WO2015126083A1 true WO2015126083A1 (ko) | 2015-08-27 |
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| US (1) | US10030289B2 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR102148758B1 (ko) |
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| WO (1) | WO2015126083A1 (ko) |
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| CN106435411A (zh) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-02-22 | 马鞍山顺发机械制造有限公司 | 一种抗热疲劳的重型汽车发动机铸造材料 |
| KR101883290B1 (ko) | 2017-05-10 | 2018-07-31 | 우경금속주식회사 | 오스템퍼드 구상흑연 주철의 제조방법 |
| KR20190018574A (ko) | 2017-08-14 | 2019-02-25 | 우경금속주식회사 | 오스템퍼드 구상흑연 주철의 제조방법 |
| CN115369309A (zh) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-22 | 上海大学 | 一种含纳米银抗菌釉层的耐蚀铸铁材料及其制备方法和应用 |
| WO2025118053A1 (pt) * | 2023-12-04 | 2025-06-12 | Instituto Hercílio Randon | Uso de liga de ferro compreendendo uma quantidade em massa de espécie de nióbio como material de componente veicular e método para modular as propriedades mecânicas de um material metálico |
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| JP2008156688A (ja) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-10 | Jfe Steel Kk | 高強度球状黒鉛鋳鉄 |
| JP2008303434A (ja) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-18 | Jfe Steel Kk | 耐摩耗性に優れた高強度球状黒鉛鋳鉄品 |
| KR20090132798A (ko) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-31 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 페라이트계 구상흑연 주철재 |
| KR20100015118A (ko) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량의 배기계 부품용 구상흑연주철 |
| KR20130130490A (ko) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-12-02 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 배기계용 페라이트계 구상흑연주철 |
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| JPS5871377A (ja) * | 1981-10-23 | 1983-04-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | 耐食性に優れた鋳鉄 |
| JPS6036755A (ja) * | 1983-08-08 | 1985-02-25 | Kubota Ltd | 複合シリンダ−ライナ− |
| KR20040105278A (ko) * | 2003-06-04 | 2004-12-16 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 자동차의 엔진 배기계용 주철 조성물 |
| EP1865082A1 (de) * | 2006-06-08 | 2007-12-12 | Georg Fischer Eisenguss GmbH | Gusseisenlegierung mit guter Oxydationbeständigkeit bei hoher Temperaturen |
| JP4521470B1 (ja) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-08-11 | アイシン高丘株式会社 | フェライト系耐熱鋳鋼および排気系部品 |
-
2014
- 2014-02-21 KR KR1020140020632A patent/KR102148758B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-02-06 CN CN201580009785.1A patent/CN106029924B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-02-06 US US15/120,651 patent/US10030289B2/en active Active
- 2015-02-06 WO PCT/KR2015/001255 patent/WO2015126083A1/ko not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008156688A (ja) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-10 | Jfe Steel Kk | 高強度球状黒鉛鋳鉄 |
| JP2008303434A (ja) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-18 | Jfe Steel Kk | 耐摩耗性に優れた高強度球状黒鉛鋳鉄品 |
| KR20090132798A (ko) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-31 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 페라이트계 구상흑연 주철재 |
| KR20100015118A (ko) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량의 배기계 부품용 구상흑연주철 |
| KR20130130490A (ko) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-12-02 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 배기계용 페라이트계 구상흑연주철 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106029924B (zh) | 2018-01-16 |
| US10030289B2 (en) | 2018-07-24 |
| KR102148758B1 (ko) | 2020-08-27 |
| US20170016098A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
| KR20150099103A (ko) | 2015-08-31 |
| CN106029924A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
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