WO2015124122A1 - 一种用于火力发电厂的新型变频系统 - Google Patents

一种用于火力发电厂的新型变频系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015124122A1
WO2015124122A1 PCT/CN2015/076943 CN2015076943W WO2015124122A1 WO 2015124122 A1 WO2015124122 A1 WO 2015124122A1 CN 2015076943 W CN2015076943 W CN 2015076943W WO 2015124122 A1 WO2015124122 A1 WO 2015124122A1
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Prior art keywords
frequency conversion
frequency
bus
generator
power
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PCT/CN2015/076943
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English (en)
French (fr)
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冯伟忠
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冯伟忠
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Publication of WO2015124122A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015124122A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel frequency conversion system, and more particularly to a novel frequency conversion system for a thermal power plant.
  • the capacity of the auxiliary machine is generally selected according to the maximum demand and a certain margin, so the auxiliary opportunity in the actual operation has a large margin.
  • the auxiliary machine running at constant speed is not running under full load, especially at low load operation, its working efficiency will drop sharply, which causes serious waste of electric energy.
  • the frequency conversion speed regulation technology is adopted, the working point of the auxiliary machine can be as close as possible to the high efficiency area, and the throttling loss of the fan baffle and the valve can be minimized, the energy consumption during the operation of the equipment is greatly reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
  • the shaft power is proportional to the cube of the rotational speed.
  • the required air volume is reduced and the fan speed is reduced, its power drops in the third order of the speed. Therefore, the energy saving effect of the variable speed operation is very impressive.
  • Frequency control technology is an important means of energy saving and emission reduction, improving process flow to improve product quality, improve environment and promote technological progress.
  • Frequency control has been recognized as the most promising speed control method at home and abroad for its excellent speed regulation and braking performance, high efficiency, high power factor and power saving effect.
  • the power plant mainly installs the frequency converter to change the frequency of the water pump or the fan motor, thereby changing the speed of the water pump or the fan, improving its operating efficiency, and achieving the goal of energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the frequency conversion methods mainly include thyristor frequency conversion, hydraulic coupling frequency conversion and magnetic coupling frequency conversion.
  • the hydraulic coupling frequency conversion power is large, the reliability is low, and the cost is low, and the efficiency is proportional to the one-time of the rotation speed, and the adjustment precision is low.
  • the magnetic coupling frequency conversion has high reliability and the highest cost, and its efficiency is proportional to the square of the rotation speed. When the rotation speed is low, the efficiency is low.
  • the installation of the magnetic coupling device needs to change the installation position of the motor or the equipment, and remove the original civil engineering foundation.
  • the thyristor has the highest frequency conversion efficiency, and its efficiency is not affected by the load change, the response is the fastest, and the adjustment precision is the highest.
  • the thyristor frequency conversion cost is centered. From the perspective of cost and efficiency, more power plants use thyristor frequency conversion technology.
  • the rotating equipment used such as circulating water pumps and blowers
  • the frequency conversion equipment used in power plants mainly adopts thyristor technology.
  • the biggest disadvantage of the thyristor frequency conversion technology is that the higher the voltage level, the lower the reliability of the equipment, and the large area of the frequency conversion equipment, its frequency conversion Harmonics have an impact on the grid as well as on the motor. Therefore, the application and application of thyristor frequency conversion technology in thermal power plants is relatively slow.
  • some products have been able to solve the above problems better, but due to the high price of these products, it hinders their further promotion.
  • the present invention has been made in the development of a novel variable frequency system which is low in cost, high in reliability, high in efficiency, and simple in operation.
  • the invention provides a novel frequency conversion system for a thermal power plant, It includes at least a steam turbine with adjustable speed, feed water pump, generator and variable speed gearbox, frequency conversion busbar and auxiliary machine connected thereto.
  • the steam turbine drives the feed water pump and drags the generator to generate electricity; the generator is connected to the motor of the auxiliary machine of the thermal power plant through a frequency conversion bus.
  • the power frequency power supply may also be included, and the motor of the auxiliary machine is connected to the power frequency power source through the power frequency bus.
  • a clutch disposed between the shifting gearbox and the generator.
  • It may also include a corresponding transformer that is placed after the generator output.
  • the motor of the auxiliary machine is connected to the frequency conversion bus through a switch; the motor of the auxiliary machine is connected to the power frequency bus through a switch.
  • the number of auxiliary machines is at least one.
  • a new type of frequency conversion system the basic principle is: using a feed pump steam turbine with adjustable speed, while driving a feed pump, pushing a generator, according to the change of the unit load, the speed of the feed pump turbine is synchronously changed, thereby changing the output of the generator.
  • the frequency of the alternating current through the frequency conversion busbar, thereby changing the power frequency of all the auxiliary motor connected thereto, and finally changing the rotational speed of the auxiliary machine rotating machinery.
  • the generator pump can be used to drive the generator, and the vehicle can be obtained.
  • a variable frequency AC power is required.
  • the speed of the feed pump turbine will change synchronously. On the one hand, it directly drives the feed pump to meet the change of feed water flow.
  • the turbine drives the generator through the gearbox to output variable frequency AC. .
  • the generator provides variable frequency power for all auxiliary machines connected to the same bus.
  • the auxiliary machine connected to the frequency conversion busbar can also be connected to the power frequency bus, and the power frequency and the frequency conversion are mutually switched as a backup.
  • the auxiliary machine connected to the inverter bus can be quickly switched to the power frequency to ensure the safe operation of the unit.
  • the gearbox is provided between the feed water pump turbine and the generator, the generator output frequency is ensured to be within the required range.
  • a clutch can be further provided between the shift gear box and the generator. If abnormal conditions occur, such as differential protection of the generator, the generator can be quickly removed by the clutch. To ensure safety.
  • a corresponding transformer may be disposed after the output end of the generator, so that the output voltage of the generator is subjected to voltage transformation, and the requirements of each auxiliary motor of different voltage levels are met.
  • the frequency conversion system provides a frequency-adjusted frequency adjustment power supply for all auxiliary machines connected thereto, and the adjustment structure on each auxiliary machine such as a valve, a baffle or a moving blade of an adjustable axial flow fan can be further fine-tuned. To ensure that the production requirements are met. For example, to meet the opening degree of the adjustment mechanism of the auxiliary machine that adjusts the maximum opening degree 95% of the power frequency is used as the frequency of the FM power supply.
  • the steam turbine for driving the feed water pump and the generator at the same time used in the present invention takes the working steam source from the steam extraction of the main steam turbine.
  • the invention utilizes the feed pump steam turbine to drive the generator while driving the feed water pump, that is, the AC power of the required frequency can be obtained without using other types of frequency converters, which is simple and easy. It overcomes the problems caused by the use of frequency converters, has high reliability and occupies less space.
  • FIG. 1 , 2, 3, 4, and 5 are schematic diagrams of a system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • T steam turbine
  • G generator
  • P feed pump
  • GB gearbox
  • C clutch
  • T double winding transformer
  • Tr ' three winding transformer
  • a frequency conversion bus
  • b power frequency bus
  • c frequency conversion bus
  • d power frequency bus
  • M 1 , M 2 , M 3 ... M n are motors of the auxiliary machine.
  • M 1 ' , M 2 ' , M 3 ' ... M n ' is the motor of the auxiliary machine.
  • a specific embodiment of a novel frequency conversion system for a thermal power plant of the present invention includes a steam turbine T, a feed water pump P, a generator G, a variable speed gear box GB, a frequency conversion bus a, and a power frequency bus b.
  • the auxiliary machines M 1 , M 2 , M 3 ... M n are connected to the inverter bus a through the switches 1a, 2a, 3a, ..., na, and are connected to the power frequency bus b through the switches 1b, 2b, 3b ..., nb.
  • This generator provides variable frequency power for all auxiliary machines connected to the inverter bus a, and the power frequency bus b and the inverter bus a can be switched to each other as a backup.
  • the auxiliary machines on all the inverter busbars a can be quickly switched to the power frequency bus b to ensure the safe operation of the unit.
  • another embodiment of the novel frequency conversion system for a thermal power plant of the present invention includes a steam turbine T, a feed water pump P, a generator G, a shift gear box GB, a clutch C, and a frequency conversion bus bar a. And power frequency bus b.
  • the auxiliary machines M 1 , M 2 , M 3 ... M n are connected to the inverter bus a through the switches 1a, 2a, 3a, ..., na, and are connected to the power frequency bus b through the switches 1b, 2b, 3b ..., nb.
  • the unit load changes, the amount of steam drawn into the turbine and the parameters will change accordingly.
  • the speed of the turbine changes synchronously, thereby changing the speed of the feed pump on the one hand and changing the frequency of the alternating current output by the generator on the other hand.
  • This generator provides variable frequency power for all auxiliary machines connected to the inverter bus a, and the power frequency bus b and the inverter bus a can be switched to each other as a backup.
  • the auxiliary machine on the inverter bus a can be quickly switched to the power frequency bus b to ensure safety.
  • another embodiment of the novel frequency conversion system for a thermal power plant of the present invention includes a steam turbine T, a feed water pump P, a generator G, a variable speed gear box GB, a double winding transformer Tr, and a frequency conversion.
  • the auxiliary machines M 1 , M 2 , M 3 ... M n are connected to the inverter bus a through the switches 1a, 2a, 3a, ..., na, and are connected to the power frequency bus b through the switches 1b, 2b, 3b ..., nb.
  • the unit load changes, the amount of steam drawn into the turbine and the parameters will change accordingly.
  • the speed of the turbine changes synchronously, thereby changing the speed of the feed pump on the one hand and changing the frequency of the alternating current output by the generator on the other hand.
  • This generator provides variable frequency power for all auxiliary machines connected to the inverter bus a, and the power frequency bus b and the inverter bus a can be switched to each other as a backup.
  • the auxiliary machine on the inverter bus a can be quickly switched to the power frequency bus b to ensure safety.
  • this embodiment is provided with a double winding transformer Tr Therefore, the output voltage of the generator can be transformed to meet the requirements of each auxiliary motor of the same voltage level.
  • another embodiment of the novel frequency conversion system for a thermal power plant of the present invention includes a steam turbine T, a feed water pump P, a generator G, a variable speed gear box GB, a double winding transformer Tr, and a frequency conversion.
  • the auxiliary machines M 1 , M 2 , M 3 ... M n are connected to the inverter bus a through the switches 1a, 2a, 3a, ..., na, and connected to the power frequency bus b through the switches 1b, 2b, 3b ..., nb;
  • M n ' are connected to the inverter bus c through switches 1c, 2c, 3c, ..., nc, through switches 1d, 2d, 3d ..., nd and power frequency Bus bar d is connected.
  • the unit load changes, the amount of steam drawn into the turbine and the parameters will change accordingly.
  • the speed of the turbine changes synchronously, thereby changing the speed of the feed pump on the one hand and changing the frequency of the alternating current output by the generator on the other hand.
  • This generator provides variable frequency power supply for all auxiliary machines connected to the inverter bus a, and the power frequency bus b and the frequency conversion bus a can be switched to each other as spare; at the same time, after the double winding transformer Tr, the frequency conversion busbars of different voltage levels All auxiliary machines on c provide variable frequency power supply, while power frequency bus d and frequency conversion bus c can be switched to each other as backup.
  • the auxiliary machine on the frequency conversion bus a can be quickly switched to the power frequency bus b, and the auxiliary machine on the frequency conversion bus c can be quickly switched to the power frequency bus d to ensure safety.
  • the output voltage of the generator can be directly satisfied to meet the voltage requirement of a part of the auxiliary motor, and at the same time, the voltage can be passed through the double winding transformer Tr. After the pressure is changed, the requirements of the auxiliary motor of other voltage levels are met.
  • another specific embodiment of the novel frequency conversion system for a thermal power plant of the present invention includes a steam turbine T, a feed water pump P, a generator G, a variable speed gear box GB, a three-winding transformer Tr', Inverter bus a, power frequency bus b, inverter bus c, power frequency bus d.
  • the auxiliary machines M 1 , M 2 , M 3 ... M n are connected to the inverter bus a through the switches 1a, 2a, 3a, ..., na, and connected to the power frequency bus b through the switches 1b, 2b, 3b ..., nb;
  • M n ' are connected to the inverter bus c through switches 1c, 2c, 3c, ..., nc, through switches 1d, 2d, 3d ..., nd and power frequency Bus bar d is connected.
  • the unit load changes, the amount of steam drawn into the turbine and the parameters will change accordingly.
  • the speed of the turbine changes synchronously, thereby changing the speed of the feed pump on the one hand and changing the frequency of the alternating current output by the generator on the other hand.
  • This generator provides variable frequency power supply for all auxiliary machines connected to the inverter bus a, and the power frequency bus b and the frequency conversion bus a can be switched to each other as spare; at the same time, after the double winding transformer Tr, the frequency conversion busbars of different voltage levels All auxiliary machines on c provide variable frequency power supply, while power frequency bus d and frequency conversion bus c can be switched to each other as backup.
  • the auxiliary machine on the frequency conversion bus a can be quickly switched to the power frequency bus b, and the auxiliary machine on the frequency conversion bus c can be quickly switched to the power frequency bus d to ensure safety.
  • the output voltage of the generator is transformed by the three-winding transformer Tr', and then passed through the frequency conversion busbars a, c respectively.
  • Variable frequency power is supplied to the auxiliary motor of two different voltage levels.
  • auxiliary machine of the present invention may also be provided with an adjustment mechanism such as a baffle or a valve. These adjustment mechanisms can fine-tune the operating conditions of the auxiliary machine to meet production requirements.
  • the invention utilizes the characteristics of synchronous change of the random group load of the feed water pump steam turbine, and then drives the frequency conversion generator to realize the frequency of changing the power supply of the connected auxiliary machine, thereby changing the running speed of the auxiliary machines.

Abstract

一种用于火力发电厂的新型变频系统，至少包括转速可调的汽轮机（T）、给水泵（P）、发电机（G）和变速齿轮箱（GB）、变频母线（a）以及与其相连的辅机（M1，M2，M3，Mn），随着机组负荷变化，进入汽轮机的抽汽量及参数会相应变化，汽轮机转速同步变化，从而一方面改变给水泵转速，一方面改变发电机输出的交流电的频率。该新型变频系统不需额外设置其他型式的变频器，系统简单，可靠性高，占地较少。

Description

一种用于火力发电厂的新型变频系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型变频 系统 ，尤其涉及一种用于火力发电厂的新型 变频系统 。
背景技术
在火力发电厂的生产过程中，水在锅炉中受热变成蒸汽，然后利用蒸汽推动汽轮机旋转，带动发电机旋转，将燃料的化学能最终转换成电能。在发电的过程中， 火力发电厂配备的大量泵与风机等旋转辅机需要消耗大量电能。目前的一般做法是通过厂用变压器，将所发的电引出一部分供厂用辅机使用。
火电厂在工程设计时，一般按最大需求并加上一定的余量来选取辅机的容量，因而在实际运行中的辅机会有较大的裕量。而当定速运行的辅机不在满负荷下运行、特别是在低负荷运行时，其工作效率会急剧下降，这造成电能的严重浪费。如果采用变频调速技术，则可使辅机的工作点尽可能靠近高效区，并最大限度的降低风机挡板、阀门的节流损失，大大降低设备运行时的能耗，延长设备的使用寿命。以风机为例，根据流体力学原理，轴功率与转速的三次方成正比。当所需风量减少，风机转速降低时，其功率按转速的三次方下降。因此，变速运行的节能效果非常可观。
变频调速技术是当今节能减排、改善工艺流程以提高产品质量和改善环境、推动技术进步的一种重要手段。变频调速以其优异的调速和起制动性能、高效率、高功率因素和节电效果等优点而被国内外公认为最有发展前途的调速方式。 目前电厂主要是通过加装变频器以达到改变水泵或者风机电机频率，从而改变水泵或者风机的转速，提高其运行效率，达到节能减排目的。
现在变频方式主要有可控硅变频、液力耦合变频和磁力耦合变频。在这三种变频方式中，液力耦合变频功率大，可靠性低、成本低，其效率与转速的一次方成正比，调节精度低。磁力耦合变频可靠性高，成本最高，其效率与转速的平方成正比，在转速低的时候，效率低，另外安装磁力耦合装置需要改变电机或者是设备的安装位置，拆除原先的土建基础。可控硅变频效率最高，而且其效率不受负载变化的影响，响应最快，调节精度最高。在这三种变频方法中，可控硅变频成本居中。从成本和效率的角度考虑，火力发电厂较多的采用可控硅变频技术。
由于火力发电厂对设备可靠性要求较高，所采用的转动设备，如循环水泵、送风机等设备功率大，电压等级高，因而对用于火力电厂的变频器要求也极高。目前电厂中所采用变频设备主要采用可控硅技术 ，而可控硅变频技术的最大缺点是电压等级越高，其设备可靠性越低，而且变频设备占地面积大，其变频 谐波对电网以及电机都有影响。因此，在火力发电厂中可控硅变频技术推广应用比较缓慢。随着技术的发展，目前已有部分产品能够较好地解决上述问题，但由于这些产品价格高昂，阻碍了其进一步推广。
因此，本发明致力于开发一种成本低、高可靠性、高效率、简单易行 的新型 变频系统。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种 成本较低、高可靠性、高效率、系统相对简单的变频系统。
本发明提供的一种 用于火力发电厂的新型 变频系统， 它至少包括转速可调的汽轮机、给水泵、发电机和变速齿轮箱、变频母线以及与其相连的辅机 ；其特征在于所述汽轮机驱动所述给水泵并拖动所述发电机发电；所述发电机通过变频母线与所述 火力发电厂的 辅机的电动机相连。
其中还可包括工频电源，所述辅机的电动机通过所述工频母线与所述工频电源相连。
其中还可包括离合器，所述离合器设置在变速齿轮箱与所述发电机之间。
其中还可包括相应的变压器，所述变压器设置在发电机输出端后 。
其中所述辅机的电动机通过开关与所述变频母线相连；所述辅机的电动机通过开关与所述工频母线相连。
其中所述 辅机至少为 1 个。
本发明 提供的 一种新型变频系统，其基本原理为：利用转速可调的给水泵汽轮机，在驱动给水泵同时，推动一个发电机，根据机组负荷变化，给水泵汽轮机的转速同步改变，从而改变发电机输出的交流电的频率，通过变频母线进而改变连接在其上的所有辅机电动机的电源频率，最终改变辅机转动机械的转速。
由于给水泵汽轮机的调速技术已发展得非常完善，可实现宽范围的调速甚至全程调速，因此可不需要设置其他型式的变频器，而是利用给水泵汽轮机带动发电机，即可获得所需频率可变的交流电。随着机组负荷变化，给水泵汽轮机的转速会同步变化，一方面，其直接驱动给水泵，可满足给水流量的变化需要，另外一方面，该汽轮机通过变速齿轮箱推动发电机，从而输出变频交流电。该发电机为连接在同一母线上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源。其中连接在变频母线上的辅机还可连接至工频母线，工频与变频互为切换作为备用。 当变频的 汽轮机或发电机 故障或其他特殊工况时，连接变频母线的辅机可迅速切换至工频，从而保证机组安全运行 。
由于给水泵汽轮机与发电机之间通过设置变速齿轮箱，可确保发电机输出频率在所需范围内。此外，亦可进一步在变速齿轮箱与发电机之间设置离合器，当 发生异常工况，如发电机差动保护动作等，则可通过离合器迅速切除发电机 ，从而确保安全。进一步，还可在发电机输出端后设置相应的变压器，使发电机输出电压经过变压后，满足不同电压等级的各个辅机电动机的要求。
该变频系统为连接在其上的所有辅机提供了一个频率初步调整的调频电源，各辅机上的调节结构诸如阀门、挡板或动叶可调式轴流风机的动叶等可再进一步微调，以保证满足生产要求。例如，以满足调节开度最大的辅机的调节机构开度的 95% 的电源频率作为调频电源频率。
本发明所用的同时驱动给水泵、发电机的汽轮机，其工作汽源取之于主汽轮机的抽汽。
本发明提供的一种新型变频系统主要具有如下优点：
1 、 本发明利用给水泵汽轮机，在驱动给水泵的同时带动发电机，即不须采用其他型式的变频器就可获得所需频率的交流电，简单易行。克服了因使用变频器所带来的问题，可靠性高，占地较少。
2 、采用变频后，连接变频母线上的辅机耗功会大大减少，从而使得厂用电率大幅度降低。
3 、由于该 汽轮机既驱动给水泵，又负载发电机功率，因而总驱动功率相对增大，因此，选用的该汽轮机相对传统给水泵汽轮机，可获得更高的内效率。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图 1 、图 2 、图 3 、图 4 、图 5 是本发明的具体实施例的系统示意图；
图中标记：
T ：汽轮机； G ：发电机； P ：给水泵； GB: 变速齿轮箱； C ：离合器； Tr ：双绕组变压器； Tr ' ：三绕组变压器；
a ：变频母线； b: 工频母线；
c ：变频母线； d ：工频母线
1a ， 2a ， 3a …… ， n a ：辅机与变频母线间的开关；
1b ， 2b ， 3b …… ， nb ：辅机与工频母线间的开关；
1c ， 2c ， 3c …… ， n c ：辅机与变频母线间的开关；
1d ， 2d ， 3d …… ， nd ：辅机与工频母线间的开关；
M1 ， M2 ， M3 …… Mn 为辅机的电动机。
M1 ' ， M2 ' ， M3 ' …… Mn ' 为辅机的电动机。
具体实施方式一
如图 1 所示，本发明的一种用于火力发电厂新型 变频系统的具体实施例，它包括汽轮机 T 、给水泵 P 、发电机 G 、变速齿轮箱 GB 、变频母线 a 和工频母线 b 。辅机 M1 ， M2 ， M3 …… Mn 通过开关 1a , 2a ， 3a ， …… ， n a 与 变频母线 a 相连，通过开关 1b ， 2b ， 3b …… ， nb 与工频母线 b 相连。随着机组负荷变化，进入该汽轮机抽汽量及参数会相应变化，该汽轮机转速同步变化，从而一方面改变给水泵转速，一方面改变发电机 输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线 a 上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源，而工频母线 b 与变频母线 a 可互为切换作为备用。 当变频的 汽轮机或发电机 故障或其他特殊工况时，所有变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b，从而保证机组安全运行 。
具体实施方式二
如图 2 所示，本发明的一种用于火力发电厂新型 变频系统的另一具体实施例，它包括汽轮机 T 、给水泵 P 、发电机 G 、变速齿轮箱 GB 、离合器 C 、变频母线 a 和工频母线 b 。辅机 M1 ， M2 ， M3 …… Mn 通过开关 1a , 2a ， 3a ， …… ， n a 与 变频母线 a 相连，通过开关 1b ， 2b ， 3b …… ， nb 与工频母线 b 相连。随着机组负荷变化，进入该汽轮机的抽汽量及参数会相应变化，该汽轮机转速同步变化，从而一方面改变给水泵转速，一方面改变发电机 输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线 a 上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源，而工频母线 b 与变频母线 a 可互为切换作为备用。 当变频的 汽轮机或发电机 故障或其他特殊工况时，变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b，从而保证安全 。
与实施例一相比，该实施例由于增设了离合器 C ，一旦 发生异常工况，如发电机差动保护动作等，则可通过离合器 迅速切除发电机，转为该汽轮机仅带给水泵运行状态，确保系统及设备安全。
具体实施方式三
如图 3 所示，本发明的一种用于火力发电厂新型 变频系统的另一具体实施例，它包括汽轮机 T 、给水泵 P 、发电机 G 、变速齿轮箱 GB 、 双绕组变压器 Tr 、变频母线 a 和工频母线 b 。辅机 M1 ， M2 ， M3 …… Mn 通过开关 1a , 2a ， 3a ， …… ， n a 与 变频母线 a 相连，通过开关 1b ， 2b ， 3b …… ， nb 与工频母线 b 相连。随着机组负荷变化，进入该汽轮机的抽汽量及参数会相应变化，该汽轮机转速同步变化，从而一方面改变给水泵转速，一方面改变发电机 输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线 a 上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源，而工频母线 b 与变频母线 a 可互为切换作为备用。 当变频的 汽轮机或发电机 故障或其他特殊工况时，变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b，从而保证安全 。
与实施例一相比，该实施例由于增设了双绕组变压器 Tr ，因此可使发电机输出电压经过变压后来满足同电压等级的各个辅机电动机的要求。
具体实施方式四
如图 4 所示，本发明的一种用于火力发电厂新型 变频系统的另一具体实施例，它包括汽轮机 T 、给水泵 P 、发电机 G 、变速齿轮箱 GB 、 双绕组变压器 Tr 、变频母线 a 、工频母线 b 、变频母线 c 、工频母线 d 。辅机 M1 ， M2 ， M3 …… Mn 通过开关 1a , 2a ， 3a ， …… ， n a 与 变频母线 a 相连，通过开关 1b ， 2b ， 3b …… ， nb 与工频母线 b 相连；辅机 M1 ' ， M2 ' ， M3 ' …… Mn ' 通过开关 1c, 2c ， 3c ， …… ， n c 与 变频母线 c 相连，通过开关 1d ， 2d ， 3d …… ， nd 与工频母线 d 相连。随着机组负荷变化，进入该汽轮机的抽汽量及参数会相应变化，该汽轮机转速同步变化，从而一方面改变给水泵转速，一方面改变发电机 输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线 a 上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源，而工频母线 b 与变频母线 a 可互为切换作为备用；同时通过双绕组变压器 Tr 后，为不同电压等级的变频母线 c 上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源，而工频母线 d 与变频母线 c 可互为切换作为备用。
当变频的 汽轮机或发电机 故障或其他特殊工况时，变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b，同时变频母线c上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线d，从而保证安全 。
本实施例既可直接将发电机输出电压满足部分辅机电动机的电压要求，同时又可使电压经过双绕组变压器 Tr 变压后，满足其它电压等级辅机电动机的要求。
具体实施方式五
如图 5 所示，本发明的一种用于火力发电厂新型 变频系统的另一具体实施例，它包括汽轮机 T 、给水泵 P 、发电机 G 、变速齿轮箱 GB 、 三绕组变压器 Tr' 、变频母线 a 、工频母线 b 、变频母线 c 、工频母线 d 。辅机 M1 ， M2 ， M3 …… Mn 通过开关 1a , 2a ， 3a ， …… ， n a 与 变频母线 a 相连，通过开关 1b ， 2b ， 3b …… ， nb 与工频母线 b 相连；辅机 M1 ' ， M2 ' ， M3 ' …… Mn ' 通过开关 1c, 2c ， 3c ， …… ， n c 与 变频母线 c 相连，通过开关 1d ， 2d ， 3d …… ， nd 与工频母线 d 相连。随着机组负荷变化，进入该汽轮机的抽汽量及参数会相应变化，该汽轮机转速同步变化，从而一方面改变给水泵转速，一方面改变发电机 输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线 a 上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源，而工频母线 b 与变频母线 a 可互为切换作为备用；同时通过双绕组变压器 Tr 后，为不同电压等级的变频母线 c 上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源，而工频母线 d 与变频母线 c 可互为切换作为备用。
当变频的 汽轮机或发电机 故障或其他特殊工况时，变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b，同时变频母线c上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线d，从而保证安全 。
本实施例将发电机输出电压经过三绕组变压器 Tr' 变压后，再分别通过变频母线 a 、 c 为两种不同电压等级的辅机电动机提供变频动力电源。
需注意的是，在本发明的以上实施例中，双绕组变压器 Tr 、三绕组变压器 Tr' 以及离合器 C 是可以组合成多种实施例，但皆应在本发明专利保护范围内。
此外，本发明的辅机上还可设有挡板或阀门等调节机构。这些调节机构可以对辅机的运行工况进行微调，以满足生产要求。
本发明是利用给水泵汽轮机转速随机组负荷同步变化的特点，进而带动变频发电机，实现改变相连辅机电源的频率，从而改变这些辅机的运行转速。
以上详细描述了本发明的具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种用于火力发电厂的新型变频系统，它至少包括转速可调的汽轮机、给水泵、发电机和变速齿轮箱、变频母线以及与其相连的辅机；其特征在于所述汽轮机驱动所述给水泵并拖动所述发电机发电；所述发电机通过变频母线与所述火力发电厂的辅机的电动机相连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的变频系统，其中还可包括工频电源，所述辅机的电动机通过所述工频母线与所述工频电源相连。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的变频系统，其中还可包括离合器，所述离合器设置在变速齿轮箱与所述发电机之间。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的变频系统，其中还可包括相应的变压器，所述变压器设置在发电机输出端后。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的变频系统，其中所述辅机的电动机通过开关与所述变频母线相连；所述辅机的电动机通过开关与所述工频母线相连。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的变频系统，其中所述辅机至少为1个。
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