WO2015123922A1 - 一种换流器模块单元、换流器、直流输电系统及控制方法 - Google Patents
一种换流器模块单元、换流器、直流输电系统及控制方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015123922A1 WO2015123922A1 PCT/CN2014/076926 CN2014076926W WO2015123922A1 WO 2015123922 A1 WO2015123922 A1 WO 2015123922A1 CN 2014076926 W CN2014076926 W CN 2014076926W WO 2015123922 A1 WO2015123922 A1 WO 2015123922A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- converter
- inverter
- module unit
- negative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
Definitions
- Inverter unit inverter, direct current transmission system and control method
- the invention belongs to the field of flexible direct current transmission, and particularly relates to an inverter module unit, a modular multi-level converter based on the converter module unit, a direct current transmission system, and the aforementioned converter module unit, and more modular Level converter and control method of DC transmission system. Background technique
- the core of a flexible HVDC system is a voltage source converter based on a fully controlled device.
- Multilevel technology is the preferred solution for implementing high voltage, large capacity voltage source converters. Compared to two-level converters, multilevel converters can use high voltage devices to achieve high voltage level outputs without the need for direct series connection of switching devices.
- MMCs Modular Multilevel Converters
- the converter of the modular multi-level converter adopts a modular design, consisting of several identical basic unit modules connected in series, each of which is called an inverter module unit, by adding a series module in the inverter. The number and current levels can be applied to different voltage and power levels.
- the traditional half-bridge module unit has inherent defects that cannot effectively deal with DC faults.
- the anti-parallel freewheeling diode of the full control device easily constitutes an energy feeding loop that directly connects the fault point to the AC system. It is not possible to rely solely on the converter action to complete the DC side fault current clearing. It can only rely on the AC equipment to cut off the connection with the AC system.
- this method has a slow response speed, a complicated restart operation timing, and a long system recovery time. The problem limits the engineering application of traditional half-bridge module converters.
- the basic module structure evolves two units: a full-bridge module and a clamped dual-module, both of which can implement DC fault clearing and traversing of the converter, but both There are their own shortcomings:
- the full-bridge module is mainly composed of four full-control switches and DC-supported capacitors. Compared with the traditional half-bridge modules, the switching devices used are twice as large. When the module outputs DC capacitor voltage or bypass, there are two full-control switches flowing at the same time. Current and loss are also doubled.
- Clamped dual module cascades two traditional half-bridge modules with one full control switch and two clamp diodes Compared with the full bridge module, the number of full control switches is effectively reduced, and the running loss is reduced.
- the unit has two problems: First, when the clamped dual modules are in all fully controlled open and close lock states, due to the topology The structure of the diode is asymmetrical. The equivalent capacitance of each bridge arm is inconsistent when the AC charging is started, and the rising rate of the capacitor voltage is inconsistent, which makes the high-potential energy-carrying and monitoring consistency of the entire converter poor.
- the system causes misjudgment; the second is that in the case of DC fault, the two DC support capacitors of the clamped dual module are connected in parallel between the voltage of the AC system and the fault point, the DC voltage of the module rises slowly, and the dynamic response time of clearing the fault is longer. .
- the object of the present invention is to provide an inverter module unit and a control method thereof, which can provide good DC-side fault ride-through performance, overcome the limitations and disadvantages of the full-bridge module and the clamp dual-module structure, and are economical and technical. Both have better performance.
- the solution of the present invention is:
- An inverter module unit includes two energy storage elements, five switch modules and one diode, wherein a negative pole of the first switch module is connected to a positive pole of the second switch module, and a positive pole of the first switch module is connected to the first energy storage a positive pole of the component, a negative pole of the second switch module is connected to a negative pole of the first energy storage component; a negative pole of the diode is connected to a positive pole of the first switch module, and a positive pole of the diode is respectively connected to a negative pole of the second energy storage component and a negative pole of the fourth switch module,
- the anode of the fourth switch module is connected to the anode of the third switch module, the anode of the second energy storage component is connected to the anode of the third switch module, and the anode of the third switch module is also connected to the anode of the fifth switch module.
- a cathode of the fifth switch module is connected to a cathode of the second switch module; and a cathode of the first switch module is used as a first terminal of the converter module unit, and a cathode of the third switch module is used as a second of the converter module unit Lead end.
- Each of the above switch modules includes a switch tube and a freewheeling diode connected in anti-parallel thereto, and the positive pole of the switch tube is taken as the positive pole of the switch module, and the negative pole of the switch tube is used as the negative pole of the switch module.
- the above switch tube uses a semiconductor device that can be turned off.
- the above switch tube adopts IGBT, IGCT, GT0 or MOSFET; when IGBT is used, its collector serves as the positive pole of the switch tube, and its emitter serves as the cathode of the switch tube; when IGCT or GT0 is used, its anode serves as the switch a positive electrode of the tube, the cathode of which is the negative electrode of the switching tube; when a MOSFET is used, Its drain serves as the positive electrode of the switching transistor, and its source serves as the negative electrode of the switching transistor.
- the above energy storage element uses a capacitor.
- Forward current charging state Under the forward current, the switching tubes in the first, fourth and fifth switching modules are controlled to be turned on, and the switching tubes in the second and third switching modules are controlled to be turned off;
- Forward current bypass state Under the forward current, the switch tubes in the second, third and fifth switch modules are controlled to be turned on, and the switch tubes in the first and fourth switch modules are controlled to be turned off;
- Negative current discharge state Under the negative current, the switch tubes in the first, fourth and fifth switch modules are controlled to be turned on, and the switch tubes in the second and third switch modules are controlled to be turned off;
- Negative current bypass state Under the negative current, the switch tubes in the second, third and fifth switch modules are controlled to be turned on, and the switch tubes in the first and fourth switch modules are controlled to be turned off;
- a modular multilevel converter comprising an upper arm and a lower arm, each of the upper and lower arms comprising at least two inverter module units as previously described being cascaded to each other, All the inverter module units in the same bridge arm are connected in the same direction, and the first outlet end of the first inverter module unit in the upper bridge arm serves as the positive point of the modular multilevel converter, and the lower arm
- the second terminal of the last converter module unit serves as the negative point of the modular multilevel converter, the positive and negative points are used to access the DC network; and the last commutation in the upper arm
- the second terminal of the module unit is connected to the first terminal of the first converter module unit of the lower arm as an AC terminal of the modular multilevel converter for accessing the AC network .
- At least one reactor is connected in series in each of the upper and lower arms.
- a bypass device is also connected in parallel between the first and second terminals of each of the inverter module units.
- the above converter is composed of a hybrid converter module unit.
- a unipolar direct current transmission system comprising a rectifier and an inverter, the rectifier being constructed by three parallel modular multilevel converters as described above, the three modular multilevel converters
- the AC terminals are respectively connected to the three phases of the AC system or the load;
- the inverter is composed of three further modular multilevel converters as described above, the three modular multilevel commutations
- the communication endpoints are connected to the AC system Or three phases of the load;
- the positive poles of the three modular multilevel converters in the rectifier are connected to the positive poles of the three modular multilevel converters in the inverter via a DC connection, three of the rectifiers
- the negative point of the modular multilevel converter and the negative point of the three modular multilevel converters in the inverter are also connected via a DC link.
- a method for controlling a unipolar direct current transmission system as described above includes the following steps:
- step ( al ) to determine whether the DC side is faulty, if it is faulty, go to step (a2);
- a bipolar direct current transmission system comprising a rectifying side and an inverting side, wherein the rectifying side comprises 2n rectifiers connected in series with each other, ⁇ is a natural number, and each of the rectifiers comprises three modules as described above in parallel with each other.
- the AC terminals of the three modular multi-level converters are respectively connected to the three phases of the AC system or the load, and the positive pole is short-circuited to serve as the anode of the rectifier, and the anode Short-circuited as the negative pole of the rectifier;
- the inverter side includes another 2n inverters connected in series with each other in the same direction, and ⁇ is a natural number, and each of the inverters includes three modular multilevel converters as described above, which are connected in parallel with each other.
- the AC terminals of the three modular multilevel converters are respectively connected to the three phases of the AC system or the load, and the positive pole is shorted to be the positive pole of the inverter, and the negative pole is shorted.
- the negative electrode of the inverter As the negative electrode of the inverter;
- the 2n rectifiers are connected in series in the same direction, and the 2n inverters are connected in series in the same direction, one of the neutral points of the two series lines is grounded, or the neutral points of the two series lines are connected by a DC connection;
- the anode of the first rectifier in the side is connected to the anode of the first inverter in the inverter side through a DC connection, and the cathode of the last rectifier in the rectifier side is connected to the cathode of the last inverter in the inverter side through a DC connection.
- the above DC connection refers to an overhead line connection, an underground cable connection, a submarine cable connection or a hard connection.
- a filter is connected between the positive side of the rectifying side and the neutral point, or between the negative electrode and the neutral point; or between the positive side of the inverter side and the neutral point, or between the negative electrode and the neutral point.
- a control method for a bipolar direct current transmission system as described above includes the following steps:
- the present invention has the following beneficial effects by adopting a novel inverter module unit structure:
- the converter module unit can realize the function of multi-level voltage source and clear DC short-circuit fault, and uses less devices, has small running loss, and has engineering practical value;
- the starting state is from AC
- the equivalent capacitance of each bridge arm is consistent
- the rising rate of the capacitor voltage is basically the same, so that the high-potential energy-capacity and monitoring of the entire converter are more consistent and coordinated.
- the fault-locked state the commutation The two capacitors of the module unit are connected in series between the AC power supply and the fault point. When the fault occurs, the DC voltage is rapidly raised, the DC short-circuit fault is quickly cleared, and the dynamic response is fast;
- the inverter composed of the converter module unit has a basic control strategy compatible with the inverter constituted by the conventional half bridge module, and has portability;
- the inverter composed of the converter module unit, because it comprises five power semiconductor switch modules and two capacitors, can output 0, Vc, 2Vc at two terminals of the module through an advanced control strategy.
- the level is more flexible than the 0 and Vc levels of the traditional half-bridge module converter.
- FIG. 1 is a unit diagram of an inverter module unit of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging condition of an inverter module unit under forward current according to the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bypass condition of a converter module unit under forward current according to the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bypass condition of an inverter module unit under a negative current according to the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bypass condition of a converter module unit under a negative current according to the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a working condition of an inverter module unit flowing through a negative current under full blocking of a switch tube;
- Figure 8 is a unit diagram of a modular multilevel converter of the present invention
- Figure 9 is a unit diagram of a first embodiment of a direct current power transmission system of the present invention
- Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the operation of a modular multilevel converter for clearing a DC side short circuit according to the present invention
- Figure 11 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of a DC power transmission system according to the present invention. detailed description
- the present invention provides an inverter module unit including two energy storage elements Cl C2 5 switch modules and a diode D6 , wherein a negative pole of the first switch module is connected to a positive pole of the second switch module,
- the anode of the first switch module is connected to the anode of the first energy storage component
- the cathode of the second switch module is connected to the cathode of the first energy storage component C1
- the cathode of the diode D6 is connected to the anode of the first switch module
- the anode of the diode D6 is connected to the anode a cathode of the second energy storage component C2 and a cathode of the fourth switch module, wherein a positive pole of the fourth switch module is connected to a cathode of the third switch module, and a cathode of the second energy storage component C2 is connected to a cathode of the third switch module;
- the anode of the third switch module is further connected to the an an
- the energy storage element Cl C2 can adopt a capacitor.
- the switch tubes T1-T5 and the diodes D1-D5 also referred to as “freewheeling diodes" that are connected in anti-parallel thereto are connected, and the negative pole of the freewheeling diode and the corresponding switch tube
- the positive pole is connected, the positive pole of the freewheeling diode is connected to the negative pole of the corresponding switch tube, and the positive pole of the switch tube is taken as the positive pole of the switch module, and the negative pole of the switch tube is used as the negative pole of the switch module;
- the switch tube can be used for all a power semiconductor device having a turn-off function (ie, turning off the semiconductor device), when the switching transistor adopts an IGBT, with its collector as the positive electrode of the switching transistor and its emitter as the negative electrode of the switching transistor;
- the switch tube adopts IGCT or GT0 its anode is used as the positive pole of the switch tube, and its cathode
- the present invention also provides a control method for the converter module unit, wherein the control method can control the inverter module unit to operate in six working states: a forward current charging state, The current bypass state, the negative current discharge state, the negative current bypass state, the forward current blocking state, and the negative current blocking state.
- the switching tubes Tl, ⁇ 4, and ⁇ 5 are turned on, and the switching tubes ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 are turned off. Under the forward current, the freewheeling diodes D1, D5, and D4 are turned on in turn to charge the energy storage components C1 and C2.
- the converter module unit enters a forward current charging state, as shown in FIG. 2;
- the switching tubes T1 to T5 are connected with a shutdown signal. Under the forward current, the freewheeling diodes D1, D5, and D4 are turned on in turn, the energy storage components C1 and C2 are charged, and the converter module unit enters the forward current blocking state. , As shown in Figure 6;
- the present invention further provides a modular multilevel converter comprising the aforementioned converter module unit, comprising an upper arm and a lower arm, wherein the upper and lower arms each include Cascading at least two inverter module units, and the number of converter module units included in the upper and lower arms may be the same or different, and the specific circuit structure of each converter module unit may be the same, or Different; in the same bridge arm (upper arm or lower arm), the second outlet of the previous converter module unit is connected to the first outlet of the latter inverter module unit, and the first one is changed a first outlet end of the flow module unit as a first end of the upper/lower bridge arm, and a second outlet end of the last inverter module unit as a second end of the upper/lower bridge arm,
- the first end of the upper arm acts as the positive point of the modular multilevel converter for accessing the DC network
- the second end of the lower arm acts as the negative point of the modular multilevel converter for Connected to the DC network, while the second end of the upper arm is
- the upper and lower bridge arms may also be respectively connected in series with a reactor, and the reactor may be connected in series Any position of the first and second ends, usually the reactor is connected in series at the AC end point. Since one reactor can be regarded as a plurality of sub-reactors connected in series, the number of the reactors is not limited as long as the upper/lower bridge arms are The total reactance of the bridge reaches the corresponding requirement of the bridge arm.
- a switch or other bypass device may be connected in parallel between the first and second terminals of each of the converter module units for use in the event of a fault in one of the inverter module units. Exit to increase the availability of modular multilevel converters.
- the modular multilevel converter is formed by cascading the converter module unit and other topology converter module units, that is, by mixing
- the streamer module unit is cascaded.
- the present invention further provides a unipolar direct current power transmission system including a rectifier and an inverter, the rectifier including three aforementioned modular multilevel converters connected in parallel with each other, the three modular The AC terminals of the multilevel converter are respectively connected to the three phases of the AC system or the load;
- the inverter comprises three further three modular multilevel converters connected in parallel with each other, the three modular multilevels The AC terminals of the inverter are respectively connected to the three phases of the AC system or the load; the positive poles of the three modular multilevel converters in the rectifier and the positive of the three modular multilevel converters in the inverter Pole through f
- the negative point of the three modular multilevel converters in the rectifier and the negative point of the three modular multilevel converters in the inverter are also connected via a DC link.
- connection structure is called a pseudo bipolar system, that is, one of the poles of the pole is connected to the DC link, and the cathode is also connected to the DC link, and the power is transmitted from the AC side to the DC side through the rectifier, and then through the inverter Electrical energy is transmitted from the DC side to the AC side.
- the present invention also provides a control method for quickly clearing a direct current fault without interrupting the direct current transmission.
- the control method includes the following steps:
- step ( al ) to determine whether the DC side is faulty, if it is faulty, go to step (a2);
- the invention provides a bipolar direct current transmission system, comprising a rectifying side and an inverting side, wherein the rectifying side comprises 2n rectifiers connected in series with each other, ⁇ is a natural number, and each of the rectifiers comprises three aforementioned modular modules connected in parallel with each other.
- the AC terminals of the three modular multi-level converters are respectively connected to the three phases of the AC system or the load, and the positive pole is short-circuited to serve as the anode of the rectifier, and the anode
- the short-circuit is used as the negative pole of the rectifier;
- the inverter side includes another 2n inverters connected in series with each other in the same direction, and ⁇ is a natural number, and each of the inverters includes three aforementioned modular modules connected in parallel with each other.
- the AC terminals of the three modular multilevel converters are respectively connected to the three phases of the AC system or the load, and the positive pole is shorted to serve as the anode of the inverter
- the negative pole is short-circuited and serves as the negative pole of the inverter
- the anode of the first rectifier in the rectifying side is connected to the anode of the first inverter in the inverter side through a DC connection
- the anode of the last rectifier in the rectifying side passes
- the DC connection is connected to the negative pole of the last inverter in the inverter side
- the 2n rectifiers are connected in series in the same direction to form a series line
- the 2n inverters are connected in series in the same direction to form another series line, so that the two lines
- the neutral point of one of the series lines is grounded, or the neutral points of the two series lines are connected by a DC connection.
- the DC connection can be either an overhead line, an underground cable or a submarine cable, or a hard connection.
- the so-called hard connection refers to the positive point of the modular multi-level converter directly on both sides. Or the negative point is docked to form a so-called back-to-back system.
- a filter may be connected in parallel between the positive and neutral points on the rectification side (or the inverter side) or between the negative and neutral points.
- the present invention also provides a control method for quickly clearing a direct current fault without interrupting the direct current transmission.
- the control method includes the following steps:
- step (bl) to determine whether the DC side is faulty, if it is faulty, go to step (b2);
- the architecture of the multi-terminal direct current transmission system can be extended, and the rectifier pole or/and the inverter pole in the single pole direct current transmission system shown in FIG. 11 can be set.
- the rectification side or/and the inverter side in the bipolar direct current transmission system shown in FIG. 9 may be arranged in plurality and connected in parallel; the rectifier-inverter on both sides of the aforementioned DC connection
- the number of inverters and rectifier sides can be the same or different. It only needs to match the transformation parameters.
- the idea of extending a single/bipolar direct current transmission system into a multi-terminal direct current transmission system is clear and will not be described in detail herein.
- the DC side fault self-clearing principle is: the positive pole point A of the modular multilevel converter has a short circuit flowing through the fault current, the converter blocks all the switching tubes, and the fault current passes through the diodes D2 and D3 of each converter module unit.
- the D6 circuit charges the C1 and C2 in series as shown in Figure 10.
- Vdc the DC voltage source
- the inverter module unit of the present invention can also be used for a voltage source type inverter-like device such as a reactive power compensation device, an active or reactive power generating device, and a power feedback.
- a voltage source type inverter-like device such as a reactive power compensation device, an active or reactive power generating device, and a power feedback.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
一种换流器模块单元、换流器、直流输电系统及控制方法,换流器模块单元中第一开关模块(T1 ,D1)的正极连接第一储能元件(C1)的正极,第二开关模块(T2 ,D2)的负极连接第一储能元件的负极;二极管(D6)的负极连接第一开关模块的正极,二极管的正极分别连接第二储能元件(C2)的负极及第四开关模块(T4 ,D4)的负极,第四开关模块的正极连接第三开关模块(T3 ,D3)的负极,第二储能元件的正极连接第三开关模块的正极;第三开关模块的正极连接第五开关模块(T5 ,D5)的正极,第五开关模块的负极连接第二开关模块的负极。此结构可提供良好的直流侧故障穿越性能,克服全桥模块和箝位双模块等结构的局限和不足,在经济性和技术性上均有较好表现。
Description
说 明 书
一种换流器 单元、 换流器、 直流输电系统及控制方法
技术领域
本发明属于柔性直流输电领域, 特别涉及一种换流器模块单元, 基于该换流 器模块单元的模块化多电平换流器、 直流输电系统, 以及前述换流器模块单元、 模块化多电平换流器及直流输电系统的控制方法。 背景技术
柔性直流输电系统的核心是基于全控器件的电压源变流器。多电平技术是实 现高压大容量电压源变流器的优选方案。相对于二电平换流器, 多电平换流器可 以使用低压器件实现高电压等级输出, 而并不需要开关器件的直接串联。近几年 来, 模块化多电平换流器 (Modular Multi level Converter, MMC) 的出现使多 电平换流器在柔性直流输电领域也得到了成功的应用。模块化多电平换流器的换 流器采用模块化设计, 由若干个结构完全相同的基本单元模块串联构成, 每一个 模块称为换流器模块单元, 通过增加换流器中的串联模块个数和电流水平, 可以 应用于不同的电压及功率等级场合。
然而传统的半桥模块单元存在无法有效处理直流故障的固有缺陷,当换流器 直流侧发生故障时,由于全控器件的反并联续流二极管容易构成故障点与交流系 统直接连通的能量馈送回路,无法单纯依靠换流器动作完成直流侧故障电流的清 除, 只能依靠交流设备切断与交流系统的连接, 但该方法存在响应速度较慢、 重 启动配合动作时序复杂、系统恢复时间较长等问题, 限制了传统半桥模块换流器 的工程应用。
为提高 MMC换流器的直流故障穿越能力, 基本模块结构演变出两种单元: 全 桥模块和箝位双模块, 这两种模块单元均能实现换流器的直流故障清除与穿越, 但都存在各自的不足:
全桥模块主要由四只全控开关和直流支撑电容组成, 相较传统半桥模块, 使 用的开关器件多一倍,模块输出直流电容电压或旁路时均同时有两个全控开关流 过电流, 损耗也大一倍。
箝位双模块为两个传统半桥模块通过一个全控开关和两个箝位二极管级联
而成, 相较全桥模块有效减少了全控开关数量, 降低了运行损耗, 但该单元存在 两方面的问题: 一是当箝位双模块处在所有全控开关闭锁状态时, 由于拓扑中二 极管的结构不对称, 在启动交流充电时每个桥臂的等效电容是不一致的, 电容电 压的上升速率不一致, 从而使得整个换流器的高电位取能和监控的一致性较差, 容易造成系统误判; 二是在直流故障时, 箝位双模块的两个直流支撑电容并联投 入到交流系统电压和故障点之间, 模块直流电压的上升较慢, 清除故障的动态响 应时间较长。
鉴于以上分析, 本发明人对换流器模块单元的结构进行研究改进, 本案由此 产生。
发明内容
本发明的目的, 在于提供一种换流器模块单元及控制方法, 其可提供良好的 直流侧故障穿越性能, 克服全桥模块和箝位双模块等结构的局限和不足, 在经济 性和技术性上均有较好表现。
为了达成上述目的, 本发明的解决方案是:
一种换流器模块单元, 包括两个储能元件、 5个开关模块和一个二极管, 其 中, 第一开关模块的负极连接第二开关模块的正极, 第一开关模块的正极连接第 一储能元件的正极, 第二开关模块的负极连接第一储能元件的负极; 二极管的负 极连接第一开关模块的正极,二极管的正极分别连接第二储能元件的负极及第四 开关模块的负极, 而第四开关模块的正极连接第三开关模块的负极, 所述第二储 能元件的正极连接第三开关模块的正极;所述第三开关模块的正极还连接第五开 关模块的正极, 而第五开关模块的负极连接第二开关模块的负极; 并将第一开关 模块的负极作为换流器模块单元的第一引出端,将第三开关模块的负极作为换流 器模块单元的第二引出端。
上述各开关模块均包括开关管及与其反向并联的续流二极管,并以开关管的 正极作为其所在开关模块的正极, 以开关管的负极作为其所在开关模块的负极。
上述开关管采用可关断半导体器件。
上述开关管采用 IGBT、 IGCT、 GT0或 M0SFET; 采用 IGBT时, 其集电极作为 所述开关管的正极, 其发射极作为所述开关管的负极; 采用 IGCT或 GT0时, 其 阳极作为所述开关管的正极, 其阴极作为所述开关管的负极; 采用 M0SFET时,
其漏极作为所述开关管的正极, 其源极作为所述开关管的负极。
上述储能元件采用电容。
一种如前所述的一种换流器模块单元的控制方法,控制换流器模块单元工作 在以下六种工作状态:
正向电流充电状态: 在正向电流下, 控制第一、 四、 五开关模块中的开关管 开通, 控制第二、 三开关模块中的开关管关断;
正向电流旁路状态: 在正向电流下, 控制第二、 三、 五开关模块中的开关管 开通, 控制第一、 四开关模块中的开关管关断;
负向电流放电状态: 在负向电流下, 控制第一、 四、 五开关模块中的开关管 开通, 控制第二、 三开关模块中的开关管关断;
负向电流旁路状态: 在负向电流下, 控制第二、 三、 五开关模块中的开关管 开通, 控制第一、 四开关模块中的开关管关断;
正向电流闭锁状态:在正向电流下,控制 5个开关模块中的开关管全部关断; 负向电流闭锁状态:在负向电流下,控制 5个开关模块中的开关管全部关断。 一种模块化多电平换流器, 包括上桥臂和下桥臂, 所述上、 下桥臂均包括有 相互级联的至少两个如前所述的换流器模块单元,所述同一桥臂中的所有换流器 模块单元同向连接,上桥臂中第一个换流器模块单元的第一引出端作为该模块化 多电平换流器的正极点,下桥臂中最后一个换流器模块单元的第二引出端作为该 模块化多电平换流器的负极点, 所述正、 负极点均用以接入直流网络中; 而上桥 臂中最后一个换流器模块单元的第二引出端与下桥臂中第一个换流器模块单元 的第一引出端相互连接, 作为该模块化多电平换流器的交流端点, 用以接入交流 网络中。
上述上、 下桥臂中分别串联有至少一个电抗器。
上述上、 下桥臂中, 每个换流器模块单元的第一、 二引出端之间还并联旁路 装置。
上述换流器由混合换流器模块单元构成。
一种单极直流输电系统, 包括整流器和逆变器, 所述整流器由三个如前所述 的一种模块化多电平换流器并联构成,该三个模块化多电平换流器的交流端点分 别连接交流系统或负载的三相;所述逆变器由另外三个如前所述的一种模块化多 电平换流器并联构成,该三个模块化多电平换流器的交流端点分别连接交流系统
或负载的三相;所述整流器中三个模块化多电平换流器的正极点与逆变器中三个 模块化多电平换流器的正极点通过直流连接进行连接,整流器中三个模块化多电 平换流器的负极点与逆变器中三个模块化多电平换流器的负极点也通过直流连 接进行连接。
一种如前所述的一种单极直流输电系统的控制方法, 包括如下步骤:
( al ) 判断直流侧是否故障, 若故障则转步骤 (a2 ) ;
( a2 )当出现直流故障时, 对故障所在极的每个换流器模块单元中的开关管 加关断信号;
( a3 ) 待直流故障消除后, 重新启动各换流器模块单元。
一种双极直流输电系统, 包括整流侧和逆变侧, 整流侧包括 2η个同向相互 串联的整流器, η为自然数, 所述每个整流器均包括相互并联的三个如前所述的 模块化多电平换流器, 在每个整流器中, 该三个模块化多电平换流器的交流端点 分别连接交流系统或负载的三相, 正极点短接后作为该整流器的正极, 负极点短 接后作为该整流器的负极;
所述逆变侧包括另外 2η个同向相互串联的逆变器, η为自然数, 所述每个 逆变器均包括相互并联的三个如前所述的模块化多电平换流器, 在每个逆变器 中, 该三个模块化多电平换流器的交流端点分别连接交流系统或负载的三相, 正 极点短接后作为该逆变器的正极, 负极点短接后作为该逆变器的负极;
前述 2η个整流器同向串联, 前述 2η个逆变器同向串联, 两条串联线路的中 性点其中之一接地, 或两条串联线路的中性点之间通过直流连接进行连接; 前述整流侧中第一个整流器的正极通过直流连接连接逆变侧中第一个逆变 器的正极,整流侧中最后一个整流器的负极通过直流连接连接逆变侧中最后一个 逆变器的负极。
上述直流连接指采用架空线连接、 地下电缆连接、 海底电缆连接或硬连接。 上述整流侧的正极与中性点之间, 或负极与中性点之间并联滤波器; 或逆变 侧的正极与中性点之间, 或负极与中性点之间并联滤波器。
一种如前所述的一种双极直流输电系统的控制方法, 包括如下步骤:
( b l ) 判断直流侧是否故障, 若故障则转步骤 (b2 ) ;
( b2 )当出现直流故障时, 对故障所在极的每个换流器模块单元中的开关管 加关断信号;
(b3) 待直流故障消除后, 重新启动各换流器模块单元。
采用上述方案后, 本发明通过采用新颖的换流器模块单元结构, 具有以下有 益效果:
( 1 )采用开关模块和二极管交叉连接的形式, 将两个半桥模块组合在一起, 构成本发明的换流器模块单元结构, 提供了良好的直流故障穿越能力;
( 2)所述换流器模块单元能实现多电平电压源和清除直流短路故障的功能, 而且使用的器件少, 运行损耗小, 具有工程实用价值;
( 3) 在换流器启动和故障闭锁状态下, 所述换流器模块单元的所有二极管 回路相对于两个端子是对称的, 从而提供了至少两个有益的特性: 一是启动状态 从交流充电时, 每个桥臂的等效电容是一致的, 电容电压的上升速率基本一致, 从而使得整个换流器的高电位取能和监控更加一致和协调; 二是故障闭锁状态 下, 换流器模块单元的两个电容串联投入到交流电源和故障点之间, 故障时迅速 抬升直流电压, 快速清除直流短路故障, 动态响应快;
(4) 所述换流器模块单元构成的换流器, 其基本控制策略可以和传统半桥 模块构成的换流器兼容, 具有可移植性;
( 5) 所述换流器模块单元构成的换流器, 由于其包括五个功率半导体开关 模块和两个电容, 能通过高级控制策略, 在模块两个接线端输出 0、 Vc、 2Vc三 种电平, 相较传统半桥模块换流器的 0、 Vc两电平, 控制方式更灵活。 附图说明
图 1是本发明一种换流器模块单元的单元图;
图 2是本发明一种换流器模块单元在正向电流下的充电工况示意图; 图 3是本发明一种换流器模块单元在正向电流下的旁路工况示意图; 图 4是本发明一种换流器模块单元在负向电流下的放电工况示意图; 图 5是本发明一种换流器模块单元在负向电流下的旁路工况示意图; 图 6 是本发明一种换流器模块单元在开关管全闭锁下流过正向电流的工况 示意图;
图 7 是本发明一种换流器模块单元在开关管全闭锁下流过负向电流的工况 示意图;
图 8是本发明一种模块化多电平换流器的单元图;
图 9是本发明一种直流输电系统的第一实施例单元图;
图 10是本发明一种模块化多电平换流器清除直流侧短路的工况示意图; 图 11是本发明一种直流输电系统的第二实施例单元图。 具体实施方式
以下将结合附图, 对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
如图 1所示, 本发明提供一种换流器模块单元, 包括两个储能元件 Cl C2 5个开关模块和一个二极管 D6, 其中, 第一开关模块的负极连接第二开关模块的 正极, 第一开关模块的正极连接第一储能元件的正极, 第二开关模块的负极连接 第一储能元件 C1 的负极; 二极管 D6 的负极连接第一开关模块的正极, 二极管 D6的正极分别连接第二储能元件 C2的负极及第四开关模块的负极, 而第四开关 模块的正极连接第三开关模块的负极, 所述第二储能元件 C2的正极连接第三开 关模块的正极; 所述第三开关模块的正极还连接第五开关模块的正极, 而第五开 关模块的负极连接第二开关模块的负极;并将第一开关模块的负极作为换流器模 块单元的第一引出端, 将第三开关模块的负极作为换流器模块单元的第二引出 在本实施例中, 储能元件 Cl C2可都采用电容, 而对于每个开关模块来说, 均包括开关管 T1-T5 及与其反向并联的二极管 D1-D5 (也即俗称的 "续流二极 管") , 所述续流二极管的负极与对应开关管的正极相连, 续流二极管的正极与 对应开关管的负极相连, 并以开关管的正极作为其所在开关模块的正极, 以开关 管的负极作为其所在开关模块的负极;所述开关管可采用所有具有可关断功能的 功率半导体器件 (即可关断半导体器件) , 当开关管采用 IGBT时, 以其集电极 作为所述开关管的正极, 以其发射极作为所述开关管的负极; 所述开关管采用 IGCT或 GT0时, 以其阳极作为所述开关管的正极, 以其阴极作为所述开关管的 负极; 所述开关管采用 M0SFET时, 以其漏极作为所述开关管的正极, 以其源极 作为所述开关管的负极。
配合图 1 所示的电路架构, 本发明还提供一种该换流器模块单元的控制方 法, 所述控制方法可控制换流器模块单元工作在六种工作状态: 正向电流充电状 态, 正向电流旁路状态, 负向电流放电状态, 负向电流旁路状态, 正向电流闭锁 状态, 以及负向电流闭锁状态。
( 1 )开关管 Tl、 Τ4、 Τ5加开通信号, 开关管 Τ2和 Τ3加关断信号, 在正向 电流下, 续流二极管 Dl、 D5、 D4依次导通, 向储能元件 C1和 C2充电, 换流器 模块单元进入正向电流充电状态, 如图 2所示;
( 2 )开关管 T2、 Τ3、 Τ5加开通信号, 开关管 T1和 Τ4加关断信号, 在正向 电流下, 续流二极管 D5导通, 旁路储能元件 C1和 C2, 换流器模块单元进入正 向电流旁路状态, 如图 3所示;
( 3 )开关管 Tl、 Τ4、 Τ5加开通信号, 开关管 Τ2和 Τ3加关断信号, 在负向 电流下, 储能元件 C1和 C2放电, 换流器模块单元进入负向电流放电状态, 如图 4所示;
( 4)开关管 Τ2、 Τ3、 Τ5加开通信号, 开关管 T1和 Τ4加关断信号, 在负向 电流下, 续流二极管 D3、 D2依次导通, 旁路储能元件 C1和 C2, 换流器模块单 元进入负向电流旁路状态, 如图 5所示;
( 5 ) 开关管 T1至 T5加关断信号, 在正向电流下, 续流二极管 Dl、 D5、 D4 依次导通, 储能元件 C1和 C2充电, 换流器模块单元进入正向电流闭锁状态, 如 图 6所示;
( 6 ) 开关管 T1至 T5加关断信号, 在负向电流下, 续流二极管 D3、 D6、 D2 依次导通, 储能元件 C1和 C2充电, 换流器模块单元进入负向电流闭锁状态, 如 图 7所示。
如图 8所示,本发明还提供一种由前述换流器模块单元构成的模块化多电平 换流器, 包括上桥臂和下桥臂, 所述上、 下桥臂均包括有相互级联的至少两个换 流器模块单元, 且上、 下桥臂中包含的换流器模块单元的数量可以相同, 也可以 不同, 各换流器模块单元的具体电路结构可以相同, 也可以不同; 在同一个桥臂 (上桥臂或下桥臂)中, 前一个换流器模块单元的第二引出端连接后一个换流器 模块单元的第一引出端, 并将第一个换流器模块单元的第一引出端作为所述上 / 下桥臂的第一端, 将最后一个换流器模块单元的第二引出端作为所述上 /下桥臂 的第二端, 所述上桥臂的第一端作为模块化多电平换流器的正极点, 用以接入直 流网络中, 下桥臂的第二端作为模块化多电平换流器的负极点, 用以接入直流网 络中, 而上桥臂的第二端与下桥臂的第一端连接在一起, 共同作为所述模块化多 电平换流器的交流端点 Uac, 用以接入交流网络中。
在本实施例中, 所述上、 下桥臂还可分别串联电抗器, 该电抗器可串联在除
第一、 二端的任意位置, 通常是将电抗器串联在交流端点处, 由于一个电抗器可 看作多个子电抗器串联组成, 因此所述电抗器的数目不作限制, 只要上 /下桥臂 中的电抗总值达到该桥臂对应的要求即可。
作为一种优选方案, 还可在所述每个换流器模块单元的第一、二引出端之间 并联开关或其它旁路装置, 用于在某一个换流器模块单元发生故障时将其退出, 提高模块化多电平换流器的可用率。
如图 12所示, 作为一种优选的方案, 所述模块化多电平换流器由所述换流 器模块单元与其它拓扑结构的换流器模块单元相互级联构成,即由混合换流器模 块单元级联构成。
如图 11所示, 本发明还提供一种单极直流输电系统, 包括整流器和逆变器, 所述整流器包括相互并联的三个前述模块化多电平换流器,所述三个模块化多电 平换流器的交流端点分别连接交流系统或负载的三相;所述逆变器包括另外三个 相互并联的三个模块化多电平换流器,该三个模块化多电平换流器的交流端点分 别连接交流系统或负载的三相;所述整流器中三个模块化多电平换流器的正极点 与逆变器中三个模块化多电平换流器的正极点通过 f
进行连接,整流器中三个模块化多电平换流器的负极点与逆变器中三个模块 化多电平换流器的负极点也通过直流连接进行连接。
此种连接结构称为伪双极系统, 即其中的一个极的正极点与直流连接相连, 负极点也与直流连接相连, 通过整流器将电能由交流侧传输至直流侧, 再通过逆 变器将电能由直流侧传输至交流侧。
针对前述单极直流输电系统, 本发明还提供一种控制方法, 用于快速清除直 流故障而不中断直流传输, 该控制方法包括如下步骤:
( al ) 判断直流侧是否故障, 若故障则转步骤 (a2 ) ;
( a2 )当出现直流故障时, 对故障所在极的每个换流器模块单元中的开关管 加关断信号;
( a3 ) 待直流故障消除后, 重新启动各换流器模块单元。
本发明提供一种双极直流输电系统, 包括整流侧和逆变侧, 整流侧包括 2η 个同向相互串联的整流器, η为自然数, 所述每个整流器均包括相互并联的三个 前述模块化多电平换流器, 在每个整流器中, 该三个模块化多电平换流器的交流 端点分别连接交流系统或负载的三相, 正极点短接后作为该整流器的正极, 负极
点短接后作为该整流器的负极; 所述逆变侧包括另外 2η个同向相互串联的逆变 器, η为自然数, 所述每个逆变器均包括相互并联的三个前述模块化多电平换流 器, 在每个逆变器中, 该三个模块化多电平换流器的交流端点分别连接交流系统 或负载的三相, 正极点短接后作为该逆变器的正极, 负极点短接后作为该逆变器 的负极;前述整流侧中第一个整流器的正极通过直流连接连接逆变侧中第一个逆 变器的正极,整流侧中最后一个整流器的负极通过直流连接连接逆变侧中最后一 个逆变器的负极; 同时, 前述 2η个整流器同向串联, 形成一条串联线路, 前述 2η 个逆变器同向串联, 形成另一条串联线路, 使得这两条串联线路中的一条的 中性点接地, 或将两条串联线路的中性点通过直流连接进行连接。
图 9所示是 η=1的电路结构图, 通过整流侧将电能由交流侧传输至直流侧, 再通过逆变侧将电能由直流侧传输至交流侧。
在本实施例中, 直流连接既可以采用架空线、 地下电缆或海底电缆的方式, 也可以采用硬连接的方式,所谓硬连接是指直接将两侧模块化多电平换流器的正 极点或负极点对接连接, 构成所谓背靠背系统。
作为一种优选方案, 对于整流侧或逆变侧, 还可以在整流侧(或逆变侧) 的 正极与中性点之间, 或负极与中性点之间并联滤波器。
针对前述双极直流输电系统, 本发明还提供一种控制方法, 用于快速清除直 流故障而不中断直流传输, 该控制方法包括如下步骤:
(bl ) 判断直流侧是否故障, 若故障则转步骤 (b2) ;
(b2)当出现直流故障时, 对故障所在极的每个换流器模块单元中的开关管 加关断信号;
(b3) 待直流故障消除后, 重新启动各换流器模块单元。
需要说明的是, 基于前述单 /双极直流输电系统, 可衍伸出多端直流输电系 统的架构,既可以是将图 11所示单极直流输电系统中的整流极或 /和逆变极设置 为多个, 并相互并联, 也可以是将图 9所示双极直流输电系统中的整流侧或 /和 逆变侧设置为多个, 并相互并联; 前述直流连接两侧的整流器-逆变器、 整流侧- 逆变侧的数目可以相同, 也可以设置为不同, 只需满足其变换参数匹配即可。 由 单 /双极直流输电系统衍伸成多端直流输电系统的思路已经清楚,在此不再详述。
对于前述多种直流输电系统, 当直流连接采用架空线的时候, 时常会发生短 路故障, 现有技术方案由于存在短路电流馈送回路, 只能采用断开交流侧连接的
方式来消除短路故障、保护设备和电力传输安全, 这种方式会将中断全部电力传 输, 将带来严重的经济损失。而采用本案提出的换流器模块单元构成上述直流输 电系统后的有益效果是: 在直流侧短路时, 可以通过换流器控制实现直流侧故障 的自清除和故障极的重启动, 显著改善整个系统的性能, 从而突破目前应用范围 的限制。
直流侧故障自清除原理是:模块化多电平换流器的正极点 A发生短路流过故 障电流, 换流器闭锁所有开关管, 故障电流通过每个换流器模块单元的二极管 D2、 D3、 D6回路向 C1和 C2串联充电, 如图 10所示。 这样所有串联换流器模块 单元总的输出等效为直流电压源 Vdc,当 Vdc大于短路时外部施加电压的峰值时, 直流故障电流自行被清除, 继而实现直流故障的快速恢复。
本发明中的换流器模块单元也可以用于无功补偿设备、 有功或无功发生设 备、 电能回馈等基于电压源型换流器的设备。
以上实施例仅为说明本发明的技术思想, 不能以此限定本发明的保护范围, 凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想, 在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动, 均落入本 发明保护范围之内。
Claims
1、 一种换流器模块单元, 其特征在于: 包括两个储能元件、 5 个开关模块 和一个二极管, 其中, 第一开关模块的负极连接第二开关模块的正极, 第一开关 模块的正极连接第一储能元件的正极,第二开关模块的负极连接第一储能元件的 负极; 二极管的负极连接第一开关模块的正极, 二极管的正极分别连接第二储能 元件的负极及第四开关模块的负极,而第四开关模块的正极连接第三开关模块的 负极, 所述第二储能元件的正极连接第三开关模块的正极; 所述第三开关模块的 正极还连接第五开关模块的正极,而第五开关模块的负极连接第二开关模块的负 极; 并将第一开关模块的负极作为换流器模块单元的第一引出端, 将第三开关模 块的负极作为换流器模块单元的第二引出端。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的一种换流器模块单元, 其特征在于: 所述各开关模 块均包括开关管及与其反向并联的续流二极管,并以开关管的正极作为其所在开 关模块的正极, 以开关管的负极作为其所在开关模块的负极。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的一种换流器模块单元, 其特征在于: 所述开关管采 用可关断半导体器件。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的一种换流器模块单元, 其特征在于: 所述开关管采 用 IGBT、 IGCT、 GT0或 M0SFET; 采用 IGBT时, 其集电极作为所述开关管的正极, 其发射极作为所述开关管的负极; 采用 IGCT或 GT0时, 其阳极作为所述开关管 的正极, 其阴极作为所述开关管的负极; 采用 M0SFET时, 其漏极作为所述开关 管的正极, 其源极作为所述开关管的负极。
5、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的一种换流器模块单元, 其特征在于: 所述储能 元件采用电容。
6、 一种如权利要求 2所述的一种换流器模块单元的控制方法, 其特征在于 控制换流器模块单元工作在以下六种工作状态:
正向电流充电状态: 在正向电流下, 控制第一、 四、 五开关模块中的开关管 开通, 控制第二、 三开关模块中的开关管关断;
正向电流旁路状态: 在正向电流下, 控制第二、 三、 五开关模块中的开关管 开通, 控制第一、 四开关模块中的开关管关断;
负向电流放电状态: 在负向电流下, 控制第一、 四、 五开关模块中的开关管
开通, 控制第二、 三开关模块中的开关管关断;
负向电流旁路状态: 在负向电流下, 控制第二、 三、 五开关模块中的开关管 开通, 控制第一、 四开关模块中的开关管关断;
正向电流闭锁状态:在正向电流下,控制 5个开关模块中的开关管全部关断; 负向电流闭锁状态:在负向电流下,控制 5个开关模块中的开关管全部关断。
7、 一种模块化多电平换流器, 其特征在于: 包括上桥臂和下桥臂, 所述上、 下桥臂均包括有相互级联的至少两个如权利要求 1所述的,所述同一桥臂中的所 有换流器模块单元同向连接,上桥臂中第一个换流器模块单元的第一引出端作为 该模块化多电平换流器的正极点,下桥臂中最后一个换流器模块单元的第二引出 端作为该模块化多电平换流器的负极点,所述正、负极点均用以接入直流网络中; 而上桥臂中最后一个换流器模块单元的第二引出端与下桥臂中第一个换流器模 块单元的第一引出端相互连接, 作为该模块化多电平换流器的交流端点, 用以接 入交流网络中。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的一种模块化多电平换流器, 其特征在于: 所述上、 下桥臂中分别串联有至少一个电抗器。
9、 如权利要求 7所述的一种模块化多电平换流器, 其特征在于: 所述上、 下桥臂中, 每个换流器模块单元的第一、 二引出端之间还并联旁路装置。
10、 如权利要求 7所述的一种模块化多电平换流器, 其特征在于: 由混合换 流器模块单元级联。
11、 一种单极直流输电系统, 其特征在于: 包括整流器和逆变器, 所述整流 器由三个如权利要求 7所述的一种模块化多电平换流器并联构成,该三个模块化 多电平换流器的交流端点分别连接交流系统或负载的三相;所述逆变器由另外三 个如权利要求 7所述的一种模块化多电平换流器并联构成,该三个模块化多电平 换流器的交流端点分别连接交流系统或负载的三相;所述整流器中三个模块化多 电平换流器的正极点与逆变器中三个模块化多电平换流器的正极点通过直流连 接进行连接,整流器中三个模块化多电平换流器的负极点与逆变器中三个模块化 多电平换流器的负极点也通过直流连接进行连接。
12、 一种如权利要求 11所述的一种单极直流输电系统的控制方法, 其特征 在于包括如下步骤:
( al ) 判断直流侧是否故障, 若故障则转步骤 (a2 ) ;
( a2 )当出现直流故障时, 对故障所在极的每个换流器模块单元中的开关管 加关断信号;
( a3 ) 待直流故障消除后, 重新启动各换流器模块单元。
13、 一种双极直流输电系统, 其特征在于: 包括整流侧和逆变侧, 整流侧包 括 2η个同向相互串联的整流器, η为自然数, 所述每个整流器均包括相互并联 的三个如权利要求 7所述的模块化多电平换流器, 在每个整流器中, 该三个模块 化多电平换流器的交流端点分别连接交流系统或负载的三相,正极点短接后作为 该整流器的正极, 负极点短接后作为该整流器的负极;
所述逆变侧包括另外 2η个同向相互串联的逆变器, η为自然数, 所述每个 逆变器均包括相互并联的三个如权利要求 7所述的模块化多电平换流器,在每个 逆变器中,该三个模块化多电平换流器的交流端点分别连接交流系统或负载的三 相, 正极点短接后作为该逆变器的正极, 负极点短接后作为该逆变器的负极; 前述 2η个整流器同向串联, 前述 2η个逆变器同向串联, 两条串联线路的中 性点其中之一接地, 或两条串联线路的中性点之间通过直流连接进行连接; 前述整流侧中第一个整流器的正极通过直流连接连接逆变侧中第一个逆变 器的正极,整流侧中最后一个整流器的负极通过直流连接连接逆变侧中最后一个 逆变器的负极。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的一种双极直流输电系统, 其特征在于: 所述直流 连接指采用架空线连接、 地下电缆连接、 海底电缆连接或硬连接。
15、 如权利要求 13所述的一种双极直流输电系统, 其特征在于: 所述整流 侧的正极与中性点之间, 或负极与中性点之间并联滤波器; 或逆变侧的正极与中 性点之间, 或负极与中性点之间并联滤波器。
16、 一种如权利要求 13所述的一种双极直流输电系统的控制方法, 其特征 在于包括如下步骤:
( b l ) 判断直流侧是否故障, 若故障则转步骤 (b2 ) ;
( b2 )当出现直流故障时, 对故障所在极的每个换流器模块单元中的开关管 加关断信号;
( b3 ) 待直流故障消除后, 重新启动各换流器模块单元。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410057877.4 | 2014-02-20 | ||
| CN201410057877.4A CN104868748B (zh) | 2014-02-20 | 2014-02-20 | 一种换流器模块单元、换流器、直流输电系统及控制方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015123922A1 true WO2015123922A1 (zh) | 2015-08-27 |
Family
ID=53877580
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2014/076926 Ceased WO2015123922A1 (zh) | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-07 | 一种换流器模块单元、换流器、直流输电系统及控制方法 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104868748B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2015123922A1 (zh) |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2940852A4 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-11-16 | Hyosung Corp | CONVERTER |
| CN106451468A (zh) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-02-22 | 国家电网公司 | 用于柔性直流输电的分级式直流电压主动调节装置及方法 |
| CN106846782A (zh) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 武汉武新电气科技股份有限公司 | 一种解决无功补偿设备引起电力载波抄表问题的设备 |
| CN108666995A (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-10-16 | 国家电网有限公司 | 动态泄能装置、设备及直流输电系统 |
| CN108712090A (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-26 | 清华大学 | 一种高压直流输电混合换流器 |
| CN110333426A (zh) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-15 | 沈阳工业大学 | 一种模块化多电平储能系统开路故障诊断装置及方法 |
| CN111049406A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 南瑞集团有限公司 | 一种新型子模块、控制方法及其拓扑结构 |
| CN111446731A (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-24 | 杭州模储科技有限公司 | 一种基于模块化多电平混合变换器的储能装置 |
| CN112398183A (zh) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-02-23 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 预充电路、能量转换装置及车辆 |
| CN112825426A (zh) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-21 | 南瑞集团有限公司 | 一种用于直流供电的船舶岸电系统 |
| CN113394999A (zh) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 山西潞安集团司马煤业有限公司 | Mmc型矿用电池储能系统电力电子变换装置 |
| CN113705144A (zh) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-26 | 国网冀北电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | 一种考虑闭锁的半桥型mmc电磁暂态仿真方法 |
| CN113991662A (zh) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-28 | 燕山大学 | 基于lcc-mmc的能量路由系统及直流故障保护方法 |
| CN114257076A (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-29 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | 变流器系统及其控制方法、存储介质 |
| CN119051469A (zh) * | 2024-08-21 | 2024-11-29 | 上海交通大学 | 模块化多电平储能换流器子模块、换流器及控制调制方法 |
| CN120956092A (zh) * | 2025-10-17 | 2025-11-14 | 北京怀柔实验室 | 换流器、其控制方法、存储介质和柔性直流输电系统 |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017137092A1 (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Submodule of a chain link converter |
| CN106452104B (zh) * | 2016-09-13 | 2019-03-29 | 清华大学 | 单极电流交错连接三电平子模块 |
| CN107947610B (zh) * | 2016-10-12 | 2020-05-19 | 特变电工新疆新能源股份有限公司 | 应用于柔性直流输电系统的mmc模块拓扑结构及其调制方法 |
| CN107390121B (zh) * | 2017-07-27 | 2020-03-20 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | 一种换流阀模块的试验电路和方法 |
| CN109672208B (zh) * | 2019-02-15 | 2024-03-26 | 国网冀北电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | 柔性直流换流装置和系统 |
| CN109995258A (zh) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-09 | 重庆大学 | 一种逆阻型二极管钳位子模块及其故障电流阻断方法 |
| CN110535359A (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-03 | 华北电力大学(保定) | 一种具有自均压能力的二极管钳位混合mmc电路 |
| CN111371300B (zh) * | 2020-03-06 | 2024-12-20 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | 一种交叉钳位igct功率模块 |
| CN111416535B (zh) * | 2020-04-24 | 2023-06-16 | 三峡大学 | 一种三模态混合单相五电平整流器 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102611096A (zh) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-25 | 浙江大学 | 一种具有直流故障自清除能力的双极直流输电系统 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103280989B (zh) * | 2013-05-15 | 2017-02-08 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | 一种换流器及其控制方法 |
| CN103580521A (zh) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-02-12 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | 一种多电平电压源换流器及其控制方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-02-20 CN CN201410057877.4A patent/CN104868748B/zh active Active
- 2014-05-07 WO PCT/CN2014/076926 patent/WO2015123922A1/zh not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102611096A (zh) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-25 | 浙江大学 | 一种具有直流故障自清除能力的双极直流输电系统 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| XUE, YINGLIN ET AL.: "DC Fault Ride-through Mechanism and Improved Topology Scheme of C-MMC", PROCEEDINGS OF THE CSEE, vol. 33, no. 21, 25 July 2013 (2013-07-25) * |
Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2940852A4 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-11-16 | Hyosung Corp | CONVERTER |
| CN106451468B (zh) * | 2016-11-10 | 2023-09-19 | 国家电网公司 | 用于柔性直流输电的分级式直流电压主动调节装置及方法 |
| CN106451468A (zh) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-02-22 | 国家电网公司 | 用于柔性直流输电的分级式直流电压主动调节装置及方法 |
| CN106846782A (zh) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 武汉武新电气科技股份有限公司 | 一种解决无功补偿设备引起电力载波抄表问题的设备 |
| CN108666995A (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-10-16 | 国家电网有限公司 | 动态泄能装置、设备及直流输电系统 |
| CN108666995B (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2024-03-26 | 国家电网有限公司 | 动态泄能装置、设备及直流输电系统 |
| CN108712090A (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-26 | 清华大学 | 一种高压直流输电混合换流器 |
| CN108712090B (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2024-04-19 | 清华大学 | 一种高压直流输电混合换流器 |
| CN110333426A (zh) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-15 | 沈阳工业大学 | 一种模块化多电平储能系统开路故障诊断装置及方法 |
| CN112398183B (zh) * | 2019-08-15 | 2023-04-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 预充电路、能量转换装置及车辆 |
| CN112398183A (zh) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-02-23 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 预充电路、能量转换装置及车辆 |
| CN112825426A (zh) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-21 | 南瑞集团有限公司 | 一种用于直流供电的船舶岸电系统 |
| CN111049406A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 南瑞集团有限公司 | 一种新型子模块、控制方法及其拓扑结构 |
| CN111446731A (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-24 | 杭州模储科技有限公司 | 一种基于模块化多电平混合变换器的储能装置 |
| CN113394999A (zh) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 山西潞安集团司马煤业有限公司 | Mmc型矿用电池储能系统电力电子变换装置 |
| CN113705144A (zh) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-26 | 国网冀北电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | 一种考虑闭锁的半桥型mmc电磁暂态仿真方法 |
| CN113705144B (zh) * | 2021-07-28 | 2024-06-11 | 国网冀北电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | 一种考虑闭锁的半桥型mmc电磁暂态仿真方法 |
| CN113991662A (zh) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-28 | 燕山大学 | 基于lcc-mmc的能量路由系统及直流故障保护方法 |
| CN113991662B (zh) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-12-01 | 燕山大学 | 基于lcc-mmc的能量路由系统及直流故障保护方法 |
| CN114257076B (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2024-04-12 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | 变流器系统及其控制方法、存储介质 |
| CN114257076A (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-29 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | 变流器系统及其控制方法、存储介质 |
| CN119051469A (zh) * | 2024-08-21 | 2024-11-29 | 上海交通大学 | 模块化多电平储能换流器子模块、换流器及控制调制方法 |
| CN120956092A (zh) * | 2025-10-17 | 2025-11-14 | 北京怀柔实验室 | 换流器、其控制方法、存储介质和柔性直流输电系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104868748A (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
| CN104868748B (zh) | 2017-12-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2015123922A1 (zh) | 一种换流器模块单元、换流器、直流输电系统及控制方法 | |
| CN105162155B (zh) | 一种具有直流故障穿越能力的串联混合型双极直流输电系统 | |
| US9502991B2 (en) | Hybrid converter and wind power generating system | |
| WO2021218227A1 (zh) | 一种模块化电容换相换流器和方法 | |
| CN104167753B (zh) | 基于cdsm‑mmc‑hvdc和lcc‑hvdc的三极直流输电系统 | |
| WO2014183453A1 (zh) | 一种换流器及其控制方法 | |
| CN103986342B (zh) | 一种能够清除双向故障电流的电力电子换流器及控制方法 | |
| WO2016107616A1 (zh) | 一种防止电压源型换流器电容过电压的装置 | |
| CN111555333B (zh) | 直流调压单元的控制方法及控制装置 | |
| CN107910886B (zh) | 一种用于柔性直流输电换流阀的子模块拓扑结构及方法 | |
| CN105226973A (zh) | 可关断子模块以及可切除直流故障的改进型半桥mmc-hvdc拓扑 | |
| CN105356731A (zh) | 模块化多电平换流器高压直流输电系统子模块触发方法 | |
| CN110890743B (zh) | 具备故障阻断能力的低损耗的模块化多电平直流变压器 | |
| CN110994560B (zh) | 一种低损耗模块化多电平换流器故障穿越方法 | |
| Li et al. | Active-forced-commutated bridge using hybrid devices for high efficiency voltage source converters | |
| CN104601017B (zh) | 一种可穿越直流短路故障的模块化多电平变流器 | |
| CN110535359A (zh) | 一种具有自均压能力的二极管钳位混合mmc电路 | |
| CN109256969A (zh) | 一种新型t型子模块及其拓扑结构 | |
| CN106877698A (zh) | 一种柔性直流输电系统拓扑结构 | |
| CN110829867A (zh) | 一种具有故障电流对称清除能力的新型mmc子模块拓扑 | |
| CN106953530B (zh) | 混合型mmc不对称双子模块和半桥子模块的配置方法 | |
| CN113992037B (zh) | 一种双向自阻塞子模块拓扑结构及其故障穿越方法 | |
| WO2017028890A1 (en) | Method of controlling operation of an interface arrangement in a power transmission system | |
| CN110995039B (zh) | 一种低损耗模块化多电平换流器及其参数设计方法 | |
| CN113489359A (zh) | 一种具备直流故障清除能力的子模块拓扑 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 14883246 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 14883246 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |