WO2015121282A1

WO2015121282A1 - Thermally fusible interlining nonwoven fabric, production thereof, and use thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2015121282A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/052830
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gunter Scharfenberger; Ulrich Scherbel; Thomas Sattler; Cornelia Kinscherf
Original assignee: Carl Freudenberg Kg
Priority date: 2014-02-12
Filing date: 2015-02-11
Publication date: 2015-08-20
Also published as: DE102014001776A1; DE102014001776B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermally fusible interlining nonwoven fabric comprising a staple fiber non woven fabric which has a proportion of 80 wt% to 100 wt% of staple fibers which have a softening and melting temperature or, if not present, a decomposition temperature of greater than 170 °C, and a fineness between 0.5 dtex and 3 dtex, preferably between 0.5 dtex and 2.5 dtex, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 2.1 dtex, wherein the thickness of the interlining nonwoven fabric is from 0.01 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm, wherein the staple fibre nonwoven fabric has a weight per unit area of 5 g/m2 to 15 g/m2, preferably of 5 g/m2 to 12 g/m2, particularly preferably between 5 g/m2 and 10 g/m2.

Description

Thermally fixable insert nonwoven, process for its preparation and use Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a thermally fixable insert nonwoven fabric and method for producing the same and uses.

State of the art

Thermally fixable inserts are primarily used in the areas of clothing, automotive, furniture, home textiles, hygiene. They are usually textile fabrics such as, for example, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens or felts with applied hot melt adhesives which, by the action of temperature, heat and time, give a permanently adhering connection with mostly textile outer materials such as outer fabrics. The bonding achieves stabilization and / or shaping of the substrate. The strength of the connection between textile substrate and interlining material is called release force. For the application usually a strong and durable connection between the lining material and textile substrate and thus a good release force is desired. So should the connection in one with Einlagestoff fixed garment even after care treatment such as household linen still be effective.

In addition, inserts with low Rückvernietung are often required for use in clothing. Also, the penetration of the hot melt adhesive by the textile sheet material to which it is applied, during thermal fixing with the textile substrate is undesirable.

Thermally fixable insert nonwovens usually consist of a carrier material formed by the common methods of nonwoven fabric production, usually a spunbond nonwoven fabric, onto which thermoplastic hot melt adhesive is applied (coated) as adhesive material. Such methods are described, for example, in the "Handbook of textile fixation inserts", Prof. dr. P. Sroka, 3rd extended edition 1993, Hartung-Gorre Verlag, Konstanz, pp. 95-1 61 described.

Synthetic thermoplastic polymers such as copolyamides, copolyesters, polyolefins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers or polyurethanes are usually used as hot melt adhesive polymers for fuser liners. These are usually applied to the nonwoven substrate in the form of a paste and / or a powder, as an organosol or plastisol or melt, dried and bonded to the nonwoven by thermal sintering. Common methods for applying hot melt adhesive polymers are paste printing, powder dot or double dot methods.

A particular challenge is to provide insertable nonwovens for light, transparent textiles. For this purpose, colored products with basis weights in the range of about 20 g / m ² are often offered. A disadvantage of these products is that they are too bulky due to their comparatively high thickness, in order to create an appealing in combination with the light textiles To be able to deliver an appearance. Another disadvantage is that no coordination between outer fabric and interlining material is possible, which adversely affects the grip of the product. Object of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a thermally fixable insert nonwoven fabric with good optical and haptic properties, which is simple and inexpensive to produce. The insert nonwoven should be used in particular in light, transparent outer materials or those with holey material structure.

This object is achieved with a thermally fixable insert nonwoven fabric comprising a spunbonded nonwoven fabric having a content of 80 wt .-% to 100 wt .-% of staple fibers having a softening and melting temperature or, if not present, a decomposition temperature greater than 170 ° C, and a fineness between 0.5 dtex and 3 dtex, preferably between 0.5 dtex and 2.5 dtex, more preferably between 0.5 and 2.1 dtex, wherein the thickness of the insert nonwoven fabric of 0.01 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm, and wherein the spunbonded nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of 5 g / m ² to 15 g / m ² , preferably from 5 g / m ² to 12 g / m ² , especially preferably between 5 g / m ² and 10 g / m ² .

Presentation of the invention

The thermally fixable interlining nonwoven according to the invention is characterized by a very uniform weight and thickness distribution and a closed surface. Due to its closed surface of the insert nonwoven fabric despite its low basis weight a comparatively low air permeability of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric of preferably less than 6000 dm ³ / s ^* m ² at a pressure difference of 50 Pa and a basis weight of 7 g / m ² measured on the basis of EN ISO 9237 and / or less than 8500 dm ³ / s ^* m ² at a pressure difference of 100 Pa and a basis weight of 7 g / m ² , and / or of less than 14500 dm ³ / s ^* m ² at a pressure difference of 200 Pa and a basis weight of 7 g / m ² . Because of these advantageous properties, it is possible to use the insert nonwoven fabric even with light, transparent outer fabrics or those with holey material structure without loss of grip. In addition, it has been found that the insert nonwoven fabric has a comparatively high transmission of, for example, at least 50%, preferably at least 55%, determined by the following method:

The sample body used is an insertable nonwoven fabric according to the invention having a basis weight of 12 g / m ² . This is irradiated vertically at a distance of 850 mm with a white light source. The light temperature of the white light source is 2800 K. On the other side of the nonwoven fabric, a photodetector calibrated at 2800 K at a distance of 50 mm from the nonwoven measures the amount of transmitted light.

Without wishing to be bound by any mechanism, it is believed that the advantageous properties of the nonwoven fabric are at least partially due to the use of the very fine staple fibers. Practical experiments have also shown that nonwoven fabrics with particularly good properties are obtained when made using a machine direction jogging pattern. This allows the storage of extremely lightweight fabrics without the formation of overlay patterns. The resulting nonwoven is thereby very homogeneous and uniform. The term "thermally fixable insert nonwoven fabric" according to the invention refers to a nonwoven fabric which is suitable and intended to be connected on one side about its fixing side with a textile substrate with sufficiently good adhesion.

The thermally fixable interlining nonwoven according to the invention is characterized by a sufficiently good adhesion. Such is the case if, after thermal fixation using standard fixing conditions (temperature, pressure, time, aggregate) in the textile substrate connected to the fixation insert at a release force test according to DIN 54310: 1980 with deviations in sample size (test sample: 150mm x 50mm, Test material: 1 60mm x 60mm) and take-up speed (150 mm / min), fixing press Kannegiesser CX 1000 or Gygli Top Fusing Mod. PR 5/70 with a suitable textile substrate yielding release force values of at least 1 N.

The insert nonwoven fabric according to the invention is preferably produced from one or more drainage spunbonded nonwoven fabrics. An advantage of the use of spunbonded nonwovens is that the handle is flexibly adjustable in the case of spunbonded nonwovens and spunbonded nonwovens, since there are numerous degrees of freedom over the length of the staple fibers, orientation of the fibers in the spunbonded nonwoven fabric and the simple possibility of blending different fiber types (fiber polymers) in the spunbonded nonwoven fabric to adjust the handle. According to the invention preferably contains the insert nonwoven fabric as fibers only staple fibers specified and limited length, but no continuous fibers (filaments).

The terms staple fiber, continuous fibers, spunbonded nonwoven and nonwoven fabric are based on the definitions defined in DIN 60000 (Jan. 1969) used. Spun fibers in the context of the present invention are therefore fibers of limited length, while continuous filaments are fibers of virtually unlimited length. In this application, the term spun fibers according to J. Lünenschloß, W. Albrecht "nonwovens", Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York, 1982 Chapter 1 .2., Figure 0.1, p. 3 for chemical and natural fibers that is for synthetic, The terms spunbond fabric and spunbonded nonwoven fabric are used in accordance with J. Lünenschloß, W. Albrecht "Vliesstoffe", Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York, 1982 pp 106f and p 68f.

The softening temperature (glass transition temperature Tg) is the temperature at which a polymer changes from the brittle, energy-elastic (T <Tg) to the soft entropy-elastic range (T> Tg). Semicrystalline plastics such as thermoplastic staple fibers have both a glass transition temperature, as well as a melting temperature at which the crystalline phase dissolves and the polymer goes into the liquid state. The glass transition temperature of staple fibers can be determined according to ISO 1 1357-2: 1999-03. The melting point of staple fibers can be determined in accordance with ISO 3146: 2002-06. The softening and melting temperature of thermoplastic staple fibers often extends over a more or less wide range, so that in many cases temperature ranges are given. The term softening and melting temperature is thus used in the present embodiment so that it can also be a temperature range.

The decomposition temperature is that temperature or that temperature range above which a material irreversibly alters its chemical structure and thereby decomposes. According to the invention, the insert nonwoven fabric consists of 80 to 100 wt .-% of staple fibers whose softening and melting temperature or, if such is not present, whose decomposition temperature is greater than or equal to 170 ° C. This ensures that the insert nonwoven fabric remains thermally stable at the fixing temperatures commonly used. Optionally, the staple fibers of the insert nonwoven at or below 170 ° C but change their length (thermally shrink).

The nonwoven fabrics according to the invention have after fixing with suitable textile outer materials at normal fixing conditions separation force values of at least 1 N measured to DIN 54310: 1980 with deviations in sample size (test sample: 150mm x 50mm, test material: 1 60mm x 60mm) and take-off speed (150 mm / min), fixing press Kannegiesser CX 1000 or Gygli Top Fusing Mod. PR 5/70

The nonwovens according to the invention preferably have maximum tensile strength values, measured according to DIN EN 29 073-3, in at least one direction at a basis weight of 7 g / m ² of at least 0.3 Newton / 5 cm, preferably from 0.3 Newton / 5 cm 35 Newton / 5 cm, and especially from 0.3 Newton / 5 cm to 25 Newton / 5 cm.

Thus, the nonwoven fabrics according to the invention preferably have maximum tensile force values in the longitudinal direction (web direction in nonwoven fabric production) of at least 2 Newton / 5 cm, preferably from 2 Newton / 5 cm to 35 Newton / 5 cm, and in particular from 2 Newton / 5 cm to 25 Newton / 5 cm on measured according to DIN EN 29073-03: 1992 with deviations in withdrawal speed (200 mm / min) on.

Furthermore, the nonwoven fabrics according to the invention preferably have maximum transverse tensile force values of at least 0.3 Newton / 5 cm, preferably from 0.3 Newton / 5 cm to 15 Newton / 5 cm, and in particular from 0.3 Newton / 5 cm to 10 Newton / 5 cm measured on in accordance with DIN EN 29073-03: 1992 with deviations in withdrawal speed (200 mm / min). The maximum tensile forces are a measure of the handling properties of the nonwovens according to the invention. The lower the maximum tensile forces, the softer the grip. If the maximum tensile forces in the range below 0.3 N, then the nonwovens are no longer manageable and would tear in the application too easy or destroyed. Accordingly, the maximum tensile forces that result after fixing the fixation insert with the textile substrate, a measure of the grip of the fixed textile substrate.

The fixation inserts according to the invention have a thickness of 0.01 mm to 1 mm. Thicknesses between 0.05 mm and 3 mm, very particularly preferably between 0.01 mm and 0.5 mm, measured according to DIN EN ISO 9073-2 (February 1997) are particularly preferred.

The insert nonwoven preferably consists of at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, most preferably from 95% to 100% by weight and in particular about 100% by weight of homo- and / or copolymeric staple fibers. The melting or softening temperature or, if not present, the decomposition temperature of the staple fibers is preferably at least 170 ° C. In this way, it is ensured that no appreciable melting of the staple fibers takes place during the fixing of the insert nonwoven fabric and contamination of the fixing aggregate with molten staple fibers does not occur.

The staple fibers used to make the interlining nonwoven fabric have an average cut length of 5 mm to 150 mm, preferably 10 mm to 100 mm, more preferably 20 mm to 50 mm. To produce the spunbonded nonwoven fabric, all staple fibers which are thermally stable below 170 ° C. can be used. This means that staple fibers can be used whose softening and melting temperature or, if not present, their decomposition temperature are higher than 170 ° C, so that at a temperature of 170 ° C or below no softening, melting or decomposition begins. Optionally, however, the staple fibers can change their length (thermally shrink) at / below 170 ° C, however. The staple fibers used to make the staple fiber nonwoven fabric may be thermoplastic or non-thermoplastic fibers which are thermally stable below 170 ° C, and corresponding synthetic, semi-synthetic fibers or natural fibers, or blends of these fibers may be used. Preferably, the staple fibers are thermoplastic, as the solidification of the spunbonded fabric can be carried out thermally in a simple manner.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, the spunbonded nonwoven fabric comprises staple fibers of polyamide, polyester of native or regenerated cellulose, m- or p-aramid, melamine resin, wool or optionally copolymers thereof. The staple fibers are in particular selected from the group of polyesters and / or polyamides.

The fineness of the fibers used is between 0.5 dtex and 3 dtex, preferably between 0.5 dtex and 2.5 dtex, more preferably between 0.5 and 2.1 dtex and most preferably 0.5 to 1.6 dtex ,

The basis weight of the fixation insert according to the invention is from 5 g / m ² to 15 g / m ² , preferably from 5 g / m ² to 12 g / m ² , more preferably between 5 g / m ² and 10 g / m ² . The weight per unit area of the fixing insert, including hot melt adhesive, is preferably between 5 and 20 g / m ² , preferably 7 to 17 g / m ² and particularly preferably 8 to 1 6 g / m ² .

So that the insert nonwoven fabric can be fixed, it can have a hotmelt adhesive application on at least one side.

Surprisingly, it was found that the nonwoven, despite its small thickness and its low basis weight, has a homogeneously closed surface, so that a Schelzkleberauftrag is possible, which has only a small Rückvernietung in the application.

In practical experiments, coating weights for the hot-melt adhesive of 3 to 8 g / m ^{2 have} proven to be particularly favorable. It has been found that, despite the low basis weight of the insert nonwoven fabric, virtually no show through of the hotmelt adhesive by the outer material can be observed with these quantities. This is particularly favorable with regard to the preferred use according to the invention for fixing light, holey and / or transparent outer materials.

The hot melt adhesive may be designed as a paste dot or as a double dot coating. According to the invention, the double-point coating is preferred since, even at low coating weights, it leads to good release-force performances and at the same time low back-riveting.

A method for producing a heat-fixable insert nonwoven according to the invention comprises the following steps: Producing at least one batt from spun fibers having a softening and melting temperature or, if not present, a decomposition temperature greater than 170 ° C and a fineness between 0.5 dtex and 3 dtex, preferably between 0.5 dtex and 2.5 dtex , more preferably between 0.5 and 2.1 dtex, using a machine-lay-up tenter; thermal consolidation of the at least one batt to form a nonwoven fabric having a basis weight between 5 g / m ² to 15 g / m ² , preferably 5 g / m ² to 12 g / m ² , more preferably between 5 g / m ² and 10 g / m ² , wherein the thickness of the fixing pad is from 0.01 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm;

Applying a hot melt application on at least one side of the nonwoven fabric to form the thermally fixable insert nonwoven fabric.

The production of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric of the fixation inserts according to the invention can be carried out without limiting the generality using the methods known to those skilled in the art for producing dry laid spunbonded nonwovens. These are described, for example, in Lünenschloß, W. Albrecht "Nonwovens", Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York, (1982) under Chapter 2, pp. 67-105 (1, fleece formation 1, 1, 1, spun-fiber web) Spunbond nonwoven fabric may also be made by the methods known to those skilled in the art for making dry spunbond nonwoven fabrics in Lünenschloß, W. Albrecht "Nonwovens", Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York, (1982) Chapter 1 .2-1 .2.4 (p.122-225) described.

For the production of a heat-fixable insert nonwoven fabric according to the invention, preference is given to using a nonwoven-forming system - which may be carding and / or carding and / or aerodynamic nonwoven forming systems - with which spunbonded nonwoven webs are produced from corresponding webs. A thermal treatment is generally carried out in such a way that at least a proportionate softening and / or melting of the staple fibers of the spunbonded nonwoven takes place. The spunbonded nonwoven fabric is adhesively bonded thermoplastic in this way. The thermal processes are to be carried out so that no coating of the heated parts of the solidification aggregates, which come into contact with the spunbonded nonwoven, with molten fibers, which would lead to solidification errors or tearing of the textile surface.

In another preferred embodiment, one or more dry-laid spunbond webs consisting of 80% to 100% by weight of staple fibers having a softening and melting temperature or, if not present, a decomposition temperature greater than or equal to 170 ° C., are calendered consisting of a heated embossing and a heated smooth roller solidified into a nonwoven fabric. The conditions of the thermal solidification over pressure, residence time and temperature are to be adjusted so that at least a proportionate softening of the staple fibers of the insert fleece and a solidification to the nonwoven fabric takes place. The resulting nonwoven fabric is optionally equipped and / or dyed without the use of hotmelt adhesive according to the methods known to those skilled in the art. The grip properties of the interlining materials according to the invention are flexibly adjustable via the proportion of homo- / or copolymeric staple fibers and the proportion of thermoplastic fibers, the possibility of combining / blending numerous different types of fiber in the staple fiber webs and fiber orientation. In the case of calendered thermally bonded insert nonwovens, there are further possibilities of setting the handle via the structure of the embossing roll and the resulting welding surface of the nonwoven fabric. The fixing pads according to the invention are characterized in fixing with suitable textile outer materials under normal Fixierkonditionen by good adhesion values of 1 N measured according to DIN 54310: 1980 with deviations in sample size (test sample: 150mm x 50mm, test material: 1 60mm x 60mm) and take-off speed (150 mm / min), Fixing press Kannegiesser CX 1000 or Gygli Top Fusing Mod. PR 5/70 as well as through a permanent adhesion even after treatment Wash 1 x60 ° C off.

If necessary, a low re-riveting is achieved when fixing with suitable textile outer fabrics under normal fixing conditions.

Due to their low basis weight and high transparency, the fixing inlays according to the invention are particularly suitable for thin, transparent textile outer fabrics and those having a perforated / perforated material structure. Particularly suitable is the fixation insert for thin outer materials with a weight per unit area of less than 100 g / m ² , preferably 10-75 g / m ² .

A breakdown of hot melt adhesive to the outside of the textile substrate can be easily determined optically by the difference in color of the hot melt adhesive compared to the outer fabric determine. Optionally, a textile substrate (outer fabric), which is dyed in contrasting color to the hot melt adhesive, can be used for better identification. One For example, black outer fabric is best suited for detecting white hot melt adhesive breakdown.

On the other hand, it is also possible to add to the hot melt adhesive colorants such as pigments whose color gives a contrast to the color of the textile. The contrast which results on the outside of the fixed textile substrate as a result of melt adhesive breakdown can be quantitatively evaluated after digital recording, for example by means of image processing programs.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to two examples. Example 1 :

A dry laid, randomly oriented spunbonded nonwoven having a basis weight of 12 g / m ^{2 and} consisting of 100% homopolymer PET staple fibers having a fineness of 0.9 dtex and a cut length of 38 mm becomes thermally stable in a structured calender at about 232 ° C. solidified. Subsequently, the resulting nonwoven fabric is coated with a bonding agent by a double-point method and rolled up.

Example 2:

A dry laid, randomly oriented spunbonded nonwoven having a basis weight of 12 g / m ^{2 and} consisting of 100% by weight of homopolymeric PA6 staple fibers having a fineness of 1 dtex, cut length 40 mm is thermally bonded in a structured calender at about 200 ° C. Subsequently, the resulting nonwoven fabric is coated with a bonding agent by a double-point method and rolled up.

Claims

Patent claims

Thermally fixable interlining nonwoven fabric, comprising a spun fiber nonwoven fabric which has a proportion of 80% by weight to 100% by weight of spun fibers which have a softening and melting temperature or, if not present, a decomposition temperature greater than 170 ° C, and a Fineness between 0.5 dtex and 3 dtex, preferably between 0.5 dtex and 2.5 dtex, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 2.1 dtex, the thickness of the interlining nonwoven from 0.01 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0 .01 mm to 0.5 mm, characterized in that the spun fiber nonwoven has a basis weight of 5 g/m ² to 15 g/m ² , preferably from 5 g/m ² to 12 g/m ² , particularly preferably between 5 g/m ² and 10 g/m ² .

Thermally fixable interlining nonwoven material according to claim 1, characterized by a transmission of the spun fiber nonwoven material of at least 50%.

Thermally fixable interlining nonwoven fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by an air permeability of the spun fiber nonwoven fabric <6000 dm ³ /s ^* m ² at a pressure difference of 50 Pa and a basis weight of 7 g/m ² measured based on EN ISO 9237.

Thermally fixable interlining nonwoven fabric according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a maximum tensile strength of the spun fiber nonwoven fabric, measured according to DIN EN 29 073-3, in at least one direction with a basis weight of 7 g/m ² of at least 0.3 Newton/5 cm , preferably from 0.3 Newton/5 cm to 35 Newton/5 cm, and in particular from 0.3 Newton/5 cm to 25 Newton/5 cm.

5. Thermally fixable interlining nonwoven according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by an elongation of the spun fiber nonwoven, measured according to DIN EN 29 073, in at least one direction with a basis weight of 7 g/m ² of at least 2%, preferably 2 to 40%, and in particular from 2.5% to 35%.

6. Thermally fixable interlining nonwoven material according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of

Spinning fibers exist.

7. Thermally fixable interlining nonwoven according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a hot-melt adhesive application for connecting to a textile outer fabric.

8. Thermally fixable interlining nonwoven fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spun fiber nonwoven fabric has fibers made of polyamide, polyester, native or regenerated cellulose, m- or p-aramid, melamine resin, wool or copolymers thereof.

9. Thermally fixable interlining nonwoven material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interlining nonwoven material is produced by mechanically and/or thermally connecting two spun fiber nonwovens.

10. A method for producing a thermally fixable interlining nonwoven according to the invention according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) Producing at least one fiber web starting from staple fibers with a softening and melting temperature or, if not present, a decomposition temperature greater than 170 ° C and a fineness between 0.5 dtex and 3 dtex, preferably between 0.5 dtex and 2.5 dtex, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 2.1 using a random card laid in the machine direction; b) thermal consolidation of the at least one fiber web to form a nonwoven fabric with a basis weight between 5 g/m ² to 15 g/m ² , preferably 5 g/m ² to 12 g/m ² , particularly preferably between 5 g/m ² and 10 g/m ² , the thickness of the fixing insert being from 0.01 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm; c) applying an application of hot-melt adhesive to at least one side of the nonwoven to form the thermally fixable interlining nonwoven. Use of a thermally fixable interlining nonwoven according to one of claims 1 to 10 for stabilizing light and/or transparent outer fabrics.