WO2015120812A1 - Hybrid power system and vehicle using same - Google Patents

Hybrid power system and vehicle using same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015120812A1
WO2015120812A1 PCT/CN2015/073006 CN2015073006W WO2015120812A1 WO 2015120812 A1 WO2015120812 A1 WO 2015120812A1 CN 2015073006 W CN2015073006 W CN 2015073006W WO 2015120812 A1 WO2015120812 A1 WO 2015120812A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission
gear
meshing
transmission shaft
shaft
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PCT/CN2015/073006
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘海龙
张晓伟
高建平
苏常军
Original Assignee
郑州宇通客车股份有限公司
刘海龙
张晓伟
高建平
苏常军
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Application filed by 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司, 刘海龙, 张晓伟, 高建平, 苏常军 filed Critical 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司
Publication of WO2015120812A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015120812A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4816—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox internal shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hybrid system and a vehicle using the same.
  • An existing hybrid system such as the "electrical mechanical transmission-based hybrid device" disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN102009587A, the hybrid device including an engine, a motor, a transmission, and a first gear and a second gear that are in meshing transmission, wherein the engine passes
  • the second transmission shaft is drivingly connected to the first gear
  • the motor is connected to the second gear through the first transmission shaft.
  • the first gear is drivingly connected with the power input end of the transmission, and the transmission is used for outputting power to the corresponding axle.
  • the engine and motor can be driven together or separately according to the driving situation, and the engine is automatically stopped when stopping, reducing energy consumption.
  • the existing hybrid power plant has the following problems: 1.
  • the power of the motor is transmitted to the first gear via the second gear, and then transmitted to the corresponding axle via the transmission, and the stroke of the transmission is far. It must be transmitted through the gearbox, and the energy loss is more serious. 2.
  • the transmission ratio between the engine and the motor is fixed, which is not conducive to the optimal power generation of the motor, and is also not conducive to engine optimization. start up.
  • the technical solution of the hybrid system in the present invention is:
  • a hybrid power system includes an engine, a motor and a gearbox, wherein a power transmission end of the motor is connected to a first transmission shaft, and a power transmission end of the engine is connected to a second transmission shaft, and the first transmission shaft passes the shifting
  • the box is drivingly coupled to the second drive shaft, and the first drive shaft and/or the second drive shaft are drivingly coupled to the respective axle via a transmission mechanism.
  • the gearbox is a continuously variable transmission.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a third transmission shaft disposed in parallel with the first transmission shaft, and the third transmission shaft is provided with an axle transmission gear for driving connection with the axle, and the first transmission shaft is provided with a first The meshing gear is provided with a second meshing gear for meshing with the first meshing gear.
  • a first clutch is disposed on the transmission shaft between the gearbox and the first meshing gear.
  • the second transmission shaft is disposed in parallel with the first and third transmission shafts, and the transmission mechanism further includes a third meshing gear disposed on the second transmission shaft and disposed on the third transmission shaft
  • the second gear shaft is provided with a second gear meshing separating device for driving the axial movement of the third meshing gear or the second gear shaft is provided with a second gear meshing for driving the axial gear of the fourth meshing gear
  • a second clutch is disposed between the transmission and the third meshing gear on the separating device or the second transmission shaft.
  • the vehicle includes a vehicle body provided with a hybrid system and an axle.
  • the hybrid system includes an engine, a motor and a gearbox.
  • the power output end of the motor is connected to the first transmission shaft, and the power output end of the engine is connected to the first transmission shaft.
  • the second transmission shaft is connected to the second transmission shaft through the gearbox, and the first transmission shaft and/or the second transmission shaft are drivingly connected to the axle through a transmission mechanism.
  • the gearbox is a continuously variable transmission.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a third transmission shaft disposed in parallel with the first transmission shaft, and the third transmission shaft is provided with an axle transmission gear coupled to the axle, and the first transmission shaft is provided with a first engagement a gear, the third transmission shaft is provided with a second meshing gear for meshing transmission with the first meshing gear.
  • a first clutch is disposed on the transmission shaft between the gearbox and the first meshing gear.
  • the second transmission shaft is disposed in parallel with the first and third transmission shafts, and the transmission mechanism further includes a third meshing gear disposed on the second transmission shaft and disposed on the third transmission shaft a fourth meshing gear for meshing transmission with the third meshing gear, the second gear shaft is provided with a second gear meshing separating device for driving the third meshing gear axial movement or the third gear shaft is provided with a driving fourth A second gear meshing separating device that axially moves the meshing gear or a second clutch is disposed between the gearbox and the third meshing gear on the second transmission shaft.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that when the motor is required to generate electricity, the power of the engine is transmitted to the motor through the gearbox and the first transmission shaft, so that the transmission ratio between the engine and the motor is adjustable, which is beneficial to the optimal speed of the motor. Under the power generation; when the motor is used to start the engine, the engine can be optimally started by adjusting the transmission ratio.
  • the first transmission shaft is connected to the third transmission shaft through the first and second meshing gears, so that when the motor is required to be driven separately, the power of the motor can be directly transmitted to the axle without passing through the gearbox, thereby reducing the transmission process.
  • the energy consumption in the middle realizes high-efficiency transmission; at the same time, the gearbox realizes the adjustment of the transmission ratio between the engine and the motor, and can realize the adjustment of the transmission ratio between the engine and the axle transmission.
  • the second transmission shaft is connected to the third transmission shaft through the third and fourth meshing gears, thereby adding a new working mode to the hybrid power system.
  • the power of the motor is adjusted through the gearbox.
  • Backward axle transmission when certain engine conditions, engine power does not require gearbox shifting, the engine can pass the third, fourth bite
  • the gear is directly transmitted to the axle; in addition, when the engine and the motor are required to be driven at the same time, the power of the engine and the motor can be simultaneously coupled to the third transmission shaft to drive to the axle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a hybrid system in an embodiment of a vehicle according to the present invention, and is also a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the hybrid system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the vehicle is shown in FIG. 1 : the vehicle includes a vehicle body (not shown) provided with an axle 6 and a hybrid system including an engine 1, a motor 11 and a gearbox 3, and a power output of the motor.
  • a first transmission shaft 13 is connected to the upper coaxial transmission, and a second transmission shaft 12 is coaxially transmitted through the clutch 2 on the power output end of the engine.
  • the first and second transmission shafts are arranged in parallel, and the first transmission shaft passes through the transmission 3 Connected to the second drive shaft transmission, the gearbox is a CVT continuously variable transmission.
  • the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are connected to the axle transmission through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism includes a third transmission shaft 14 disposed in parallel with the first and second transmission shafts, and the third transmission shaft is provided with an axle transmission connection
  • the axle transmission gear 15 is disposed in parallel with the axle.
  • the first transmission shaft 13 is provided with a first meshing gear 8
  • the second transmission shaft 12 is provided with a third meshing gear 4, and the third transmission shaft is disposed on the third transmission shaft.
  • the second meshing gear 5 and the fourth meshing gear 9 for respectively meshing and transmitting with the first meshing gear and the third meshing gear are disposed at an axial interval, and the first transmission shaft is provided with an axial movement of driving the first meshing gear 8 a first meshing separation device 7 for engaging or disengaging the first meshing gear and the second meshing gear, the third drive shaft 14 is provided with an axial movement of the drive fourth meshing gear 9 to realize the third meshing gear and the fourth meshing gear Engaging or disengaging the second meshing separation device 10, the first and second meshing separating devices are electromagnetically driven (may also be mechanically driven), and the first meshing separating device can drive the first meshing gear along the axial direction of the first drive shaft Reciprocating movement, separating means may drive the second engaging fourth gear shaft reciprocates along a third axis, the first and second engagement means are separated prior art, the specific structure not described in detail.
  • the hybrid system in the vehicle can achieve the following modes of operation:
  • the clutch is disengaged, and the second gear meshing and separating device separates the third and fourth meshing gears.
  • the motor starts, the power of the motor is directly transmitted to the axle without passing through the gearbox, which is beneficial to reducing energy.
  • the first gear meshing and separating device separates the first and second meshing gears, and the engine drives the vehicle to start and drives the motor to generate electricity.
  • the second gear meshing and separating device can also be used.
  • the third and fourth meshing gears are disengaged, and the first gear meshing and separating device engages the first and second meshing gears, so that the power of the engine is transmitted to the axle via the transmission gear shift.
  • Uniform driving When the battery power is high, the clutch is disengaged, the second gear meshing and separating device separates the third and fourth meshing gears, and the vehicle is driven by the motor; when the battery power is low, the first gear meshing and separating device makes the first and the first The two meshing gears are separated, the engine drives the vehicle and drives the motor to generate electricity.
  • the third gear and the meshing gear can be separated by the second gear meshing separating device, and the first gear meshing and separating device makes the first and the first The two meshing gears mesh, so that the power of the engine is transmitted to the axle via the gearbox.
  • Idle phase According to the battery power, the engine stops or drives the motor to charge the battery. When the battery is high, the engine stops. When the battery is low, the second gear meshes with the separation device to make the third and fourth meshing gears, the first and second meshing gears. Separate, the engine drives the motor through the gearbox to charge the battery.
  • Brake deceleration phase the clutch is disengaged, the third and fourth meshing gears are not meshed, and the motor recovers the braking energy to charge the battery.
  • Reverse driving When the battery is high, the clutch is disengaged, the third and fourth meshing gears are not engaged, and the motor is reversed; when the battery is low, the third and fourth meshing gears are not meshed, and the first and second meshing gears are meshed.
  • the power outputted by the engine passes through the gearbox, the first and second meshing gears, causes the vehicle to travel in the opposite direction, and can drive the motor to charge the battery.
  • the vehicle in the present invention may be a bus, a passenger car, a commercial vehicle, etc., in other embodiments of the vehicle: the clutch may not be provided; when the first and second transmission shafts are not arranged in parallel; the gearbox It may not be a continuously variable transmission but a common gearbox; the first gear meshing and separating device may also be disposed on the third transmission shaft to drive the second meshing gear to reciprocate axially along the third transmission shaft; the first gear meshes
  • the separating device may also be replaced by a clutch disposed on the first transmission shaft between the gearbox and the first meshing gear; the second gear meshing separating device may also be disposed on the second drive shaft to drive the third meshing gear along the The second drive shaft is axially reciprocated; the second gear meshing and separating device can also be replaced by a clutch disposed between the gearbox and the third meshing gear on the second drive shaft; the transmission mechanism can also be only associated with the first drive shaft or Two drive shaft drive connections.
  • the implementation of the hybrid system is as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the specific structure of the hybrid system is the same as that of the hybrid system described in the above respective vehicle embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are a hybrid power system and a vehicle using same. The vehicle comprises a vehicle body provided with a hybrid power system and an axle (6). The hybrid power system comprises an engine (1), an electric motor (11), and a gearbox (3). A power output of the electric motor (11) is connected in a transmissive manner to a first driving shaft (13), a power output of the engine (1) is connected in a transmissive manner to a second driving shaft (12), the first driving shaft (13) is connected in a transmissive manner to the second driving shaft (12) via the gearbox (3), and the first driving shaft (13) and/or the second driving shaft (12) is connected in a transmissive manner to the axle (6) via a transmission mechanism. Also disclosed are a hybrid power system in which the transmission ratio between an engine and an electric motor is adjustable, and a vehicle using the hybrid power system.

Description

一种混合动力系统及使用该混合动力系统的车辆Hybrid power system and vehicle using the same 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及混合动力系统及使用该动力系统的车辆。The present invention relates to a hybrid system and a vehicle using the same.
背景技术Background technique
现有混合动力系统如中国专利CN102009587A公开的“基于电控机械式变速器的混合动力装置”，该混合动力装置包括发动机、电机、变速器和相互啮合传动的第一齿轮和第二齿轮，其中发动机通过第二传动轴与第一齿轮传动连接，电机通过第一传动轴与第二齿轮传动连接，第一齿轮与变速箱的动力输入端传动连接，变速箱用于向相应车桥输出动力。在工作时，发动机、电机可根据行驶情况共同驱动或分开单独使用，停驶时自动停止发动机，减少能量消耗。现有的这种混合动力装置存在的问题在于：1、当电机单独使用时，电机的动力经第二齿轮传递给第一齿轮，然后经变速器传递给相应车桥，该路传动的行程较远且必须经变速箱传动，能量损耗较为严重；2、当需要电机对相应电池充电时，发动机与电机之间的传动比是固定的，不利于电机的最优化发电，同时也不利于发动机的优化启动。An existing hybrid system such as the "electrical mechanical transmission-based hybrid device" disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN102009587A, the hybrid device including an engine, a motor, a transmission, and a first gear and a second gear that are in meshing transmission, wherein the engine passes The second transmission shaft is drivingly connected to the first gear, and the motor is connected to the second gear through the first transmission shaft. The first gear is drivingly connected with the power input end of the transmission, and the transmission is used for outputting power to the corresponding axle. During operation, the engine and motor can be driven together or separately according to the driving situation, and the engine is automatically stopped when stopping, reducing energy consumption. The existing hybrid power plant has the following problems: 1. When the motor is used alone, the power of the motor is transmitted to the first gear via the second gear, and then transmitted to the corresponding axle via the transmission, and the stroke of the transmission is far. It must be transmitted through the gearbox, and the energy loss is more serious. 2. When the motor is required to charge the corresponding battery, the transmission ratio between the engine and the motor is fixed, which is not conducive to the optimal power generation of the motor, and is also not conducive to engine optimization. start up.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种发动机与电机之间传动比可调的混合动力系统；本发明的目的还在于提供一种使用该混合动力系统的车辆。It is an object of the present invention to provide a hybrid system in which the transmission ratio between the engine and the motor is adjustable; it is also an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle using the hybrid system.
为了解决上述问题，本发明中混合动力系统的技术方案为：In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the hybrid system in the present invention is:
一种混合动力系统，包括发动机、电机和变速箱，电机的动力输出端上传动连接有第一传动轴，发动机的动力输出端上传动连接有第二传动轴，第一传动轴通过所述变速箱与所述第二传动轴传动连接，第一传动轴和/或第二传动轴通过传动机构与相应车桥传动连接。A hybrid power system includes an engine, a motor and a gearbox, wherein a power transmission end of the motor is connected to a first transmission shaft, and a power transmission end of the engine is connected to a second transmission shaft, and the first transmission shaft passes the shifting The box is drivingly coupled to the second drive shaft, and the first drive shaft and/or the second drive shaft are drivingly coupled to the respective axle via a transmission mechanism.
所述变速箱为无级变速箱。The gearbox is a continuously variable transmission.
所述传动机构包括与所述第一传动轴平行设置的第三传动轴，第三传动轴上设置有用于与所述车桥传动连接的车桥传动齿轮，第一传动轴上设置有第一啮合齿轮，第三传动轴上设置有用于与第一啮合齿轮啮合传动的第二啮合齿轮。The transmission mechanism includes a third transmission shaft disposed in parallel with the first transmission shaft, and the third transmission shaft is provided with an axle transmission gear for driving connection with the axle, and the first transmission shaft is provided with a first The meshing gear is provided with a second meshing gear for meshing with the first meshing gear.
第三传动轴上设置有驱动第二啮合齿轮轴向移动的第一齿轮啮合分离装置或者第一传动轴上设置有驱动第一啮合齿轮轴向移动的第一齿轮啮合分离装置或者所述第一传动轴上于所述变速箱与第一啮合齿轮之间设置有第一离合器。a third gear meshing separation device for driving the second meshing gear to move axially or a first gear meshing separating device for driving the first meshing gear for axial movement on the first drive shaft or the first drive shaft A first clutch is disposed on the transmission shaft between the gearbox and the first meshing gear.
所述第二传动轴与所述第一、第三传动轴平行设置，所述传动机构还包括设置于所述第二传动轴上的第三啮合齿轮和设置于所述第三传动轴上的用于与所述第三啮合齿轮啮合 传动的第四啮合齿轮，第二传动轴上设置有驱动第三啮合齿轮轴向移动的第二齿轮啮合分离装置或者第三传动轴上设置有驱动第四啮合齿轮轴向移动的第二齿轮啮合分离装置或者所述第二传动轴上于所述变速箱与第三啮合齿轮之间设置有第二离合器。The second transmission shaft is disposed in parallel with the first and third transmission shafts, and the transmission mechanism further includes a third meshing gear disposed on the second transmission shaft and disposed on the third transmission shaft For engaging with the third meshing gear a fourth meshing gear of the transmission, the second gear shaft is provided with a second gear meshing separating device for driving the axial movement of the third meshing gear or the second gear shaft is provided with a second gear meshing for driving the axial gear of the fourth meshing gear A second clutch is disposed between the transmission and the third meshing gear on the separating device or the second transmission shaft.
本发明中车辆的技术方案为：The technical solution of the vehicle in the invention is:
车辆，包括设置有混合动力系统和车桥的车体，混合动力系统包括发动机、电机和变速箱，电机的动力输出端上传动连接有第一传动轴，发动机的动力输出端上传动连接有第二传动轴，第一传动轴通过所述变速箱与所述第二传动轴传动连接，第一传动轴和/或第二传动轴通过传动机构与所述车桥传动连接。The vehicle includes a vehicle body provided with a hybrid system and an axle. The hybrid system includes an engine, a motor and a gearbox. The power output end of the motor is connected to the first transmission shaft, and the power output end of the engine is connected to the first transmission shaft. The second transmission shaft is connected to the second transmission shaft through the gearbox, and the first transmission shaft and/or the second transmission shaft are drivingly connected to the axle through a transmission mechanism.
所述变速箱为无级变速箱。The gearbox is a continuously variable transmission.
所述传动机构包括与所述第一传动轴平行设置的第三传动轴，第三传动轴上设置有与所述车桥传动连接的车桥传动齿轮，第一传动轴上设置有第一啮合齿轮，第三传动轴上设置有用于与第一啮合齿轮啮合传动的第二啮合齿轮。The transmission mechanism includes a third transmission shaft disposed in parallel with the first transmission shaft, and the third transmission shaft is provided with an axle transmission gear coupled to the axle, and the first transmission shaft is provided with a first engagement a gear, the third transmission shaft is provided with a second meshing gear for meshing transmission with the first meshing gear.
第三传动轴上设置有驱动第二啮合齿轮轴向移动的第一齿轮啮合分离装置或者第一传动轴上设置有驱动第一啮合齿轮轴向移动的第一齿轮啮合分离装置或者所述第一传动轴上于所述变速箱与第一啮合齿轮之间设置有第一离合器。a third gear meshing separation device for driving the second meshing gear to move axially or a first gear meshing separating device for driving the first meshing gear for axial movement on the first drive shaft or the first drive shaft A first clutch is disposed on the transmission shaft between the gearbox and the first meshing gear.
所述第二传动轴与所述第一、第三传动轴平行设置，所述传动机构还包括设置于所述第二传动轴上的第三啮合齿轮和设置于所述第三传动轴上的用于与所述第三啮合齿轮啮合传动的第四啮合齿轮，第二传动轴上设置有驱动第三啮合齿轮轴向移动的第二齿轮啮合分离装置或者第三传动轴上设置有驱动第四啮合齿轮轴向移动的第二齿轮啮合分离装置或者所述第二传动轴上于所述变速箱与第三啮合齿轮之间设置有第二离合器。The second transmission shaft is disposed in parallel with the first and third transmission shafts, and the transmission mechanism further includes a third meshing gear disposed on the second transmission shaft and disposed on the third transmission shaft a fourth meshing gear for meshing transmission with the third meshing gear, the second gear shaft is provided with a second gear meshing separating device for driving the third meshing gear axial movement or the third gear shaft is provided with a driving fourth A second gear meshing separating device that axially moves the meshing gear or a second clutch is disposed between the gearbox and the third meshing gear on the second transmission shaft.
本发明的有益效果为：当需要电机发电时，发动机的动力经变速箱、第一传动轴传递给电机，这样实现发动机与电机之间传动比的可调，有利于电机在最佳转速工况下发电；电机在用于启动发动机时，通过传动比的调节，也可使发动机最优化启动。The invention has the beneficial effects that when the motor is required to generate electricity, the power of the engine is transmitted to the motor through the gearbox and the first transmission shaft, so that the transmission ratio between the engine and the motor is adjustable, which is beneficial to the optimal speed of the motor. Under the power generation; when the motor is used to start the engine, the engine can be optimally started by adjusting the transmission ratio.
进一步的，第一传动轴通过第一、第二啮合齿轮与第三传动轴传动连接，这样当需要电机单独驱动时，电机的动力不需经变速箱可直接向车桥传递，降低了传动过程中的能耗，实现了高效率传动；同时，变速箱即实现了发动机与电机之间传动比的调节，又能实现发动机与车桥传动之间传动比的调节。Further, the first transmission shaft is connected to the third transmission shaft through the first and second meshing gears, so that when the motor is required to be driven separately, the power of the motor can be directly transmitted to the axle without passing through the gearbox, thereby reducing the transmission process. The energy consumption in the middle realizes high-efficiency transmission; at the same time, the gearbox realizes the adjustment of the transmission ratio between the engine and the motor, and can realize the adjustment of the transmission ratio between the engine and the axle transmission.
进一步的，第二传动轴通过第三、第四啮合齿轮与第三传动轴传动连接，为本混合动力系统又增添新的工作模式，当电机转速不符合要求时，电机的动力经变速箱调节后向车桥传递；当某些特殊工况，发动机的动力不需要变速箱变速时，发动机可通过第三、第四啮 合齿轮直接向车桥传动；另外，当需要发动机、电机同时驱动时，发动机、电机的动力可同时耦合到第三传动轴上向车桥传动。Further, the second transmission shaft is connected to the third transmission shaft through the third and fourth meshing gears, thereby adding a new working mode to the hybrid power system. When the motor speed does not meet the requirements, the power of the motor is adjusted through the gearbox. Backward axle transmission; when certain engine conditions, engine power does not require gearbox shifting, the engine can pass the third, fourth bite The gear is directly transmitted to the axle; in addition, when the engine and the motor are required to be driven at the same time, the power of the engine and the motor can be simultaneously coupled to the third transmission shaft to drive to the axle.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明中车辆的一个实施例中的混合动力系统的结构示意图，同时也是本发明中混合动力系统的一个实施例的结构示意图。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a hybrid system in an embodiment of a vehicle according to the present invention, and is also a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the hybrid system of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
车辆的实施例如图1所示：车辆包括设置有车桥6和混合动力系统的车体(图中未示出)，混合动力系统包括发动机1、电机11和变速箱3，电机的动力输出端上同轴传动连接有第一传动轴13，发动机的动力输出端上通过离合器2同轴传动连接有第二传动轴12，第一、第二传动轴平行设置，第一传动轴通过变速箱3与第二传动轴传动连接，变速箱为CVT无级变速箱。第一传动轴、第二传动轴通过传动机构与车桥传动连接，传动机构包括与第一、第二传动轴平行设置的第三传动轴14，第三传动轴上设置有与车桥传动连接的车桥传动齿轮15，第三传动轴与车桥平行设置，第一传动轴13上设置有第一啮合齿轮8，第二传动轴12上设置有第三啮合齿轮4，第三传动轴上沿轴向间隔设置有分别用于与第一啮合齿轮、第三啮合齿轮啮合传动的第二啮合齿轮5和第四啮合齿轮9，第一传动轴上设置有驱动第一啮合齿轮8轴向移动以实现第一啮合齿轮与第二啮合齿轮啮合或脱离的第一啮合分离装置7，第三传动轴14上设置有驱动第四啮合齿轮9轴向移动以实现第三啮合齿轮与第四啮合齿轮啮合或脱离的第二啮合分离装置10，第一、第二啮合分离装置为电磁驱动(也可以为机械驱动)，第一啮合分离装置可以驱动第一啮合齿轮沿第一传动轴轴向往复移动，第二啮合分离装置可以驱动第四啮合齿轮沿第三传动轴轴向往复移动，第一、第二啮合分离装置均为现有技术，其具体结构不再详述。An embodiment of the vehicle is shown in FIG. 1 : the vehicle includes a vehicle body (not shown) provided with an axle 6 and a hybrid system including an engine 1, a motor 11 and a gearbox 3, and a power output of the motor. A first transmission shaft 13 is connected to the upper coaxial transmission, and a second transmission shaft 12 is coaxially transmitted through the clutch 2 on the power output end of the engine. The first and second transmission shafts are arranged in parallel, and the first transmission shaft passes through the transmission 3 Connected to the second drive shaft transmission, the gearbox is a CVT continuously variable transmission. The first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft are connected to the axle transmission through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism includes a third transmission shaft 14 disposed in parallel with the first and second transmission shafts, and the third transmission shaft is provided with an axle transmission connection The axle transmission gear 15 is disposed in parallel with the axle. The first transmission shaft 13 is provided with a first meshing gear 8, and the second transmission shaft 12 is provided with a third meshing gear 4, and the third transmission shaft is disposed on the third transmission shaft. The second meshing gear 5 and the fourth meshing gear 9 for respectively meshing and transmitting with the first meshing gear and the third meshing gear are disposed at an axial interval, and the first transmission shaft is provided with an axial movement of driving the first meshing gear 8 a first meshing separation device 7 for engaging or disengaging the first meshing gear and the second meshing gear, the third drive shaft 14 is provided with an axial movement of the drive fourth meshing gear 9 to realize the third meshing gear and the fourth meshing gear Engaging or disengaging the second meshing separation device 10, the first and second meshing separating devices are electromagnetically driven (may also be mechanically driven), and the first meshing separating device can drive the first meshing gear along the axial direction of the first drive shaft Reciprocating movement, separating means may drive the second engaging fourth gear shaft reciprocates along a third axis, the first and second engagement means are separated prior art, the specific structure not described in detail.
本车辆中的混合动力系统可以实现以下工作模式：The hybrid system in the vehicle can achieve the following modes of operation:
启动发动机：离合器结合、第三、第四啮合齿轮分离，电机通过变速箱启动发动机。Starting the engine: the clutch is combined, the third and fourth meshing gears are separated, and the motor starts the engine through the gearbox.
起步阶段：当电池电量较高时，离合器分离、第二齿轮啮合分离装置使第三、第四啮合齿轮分离，利用电机起步，电机的动力不经过变速箱直接向车桥传递，有利于降低能耗；电池电量较低时，第一齿轮啮合分离装置使第一、第二啮合齿轮分离，发动机驱动车辆起步并带动电机发电，当然电池电量较低时，还可以通过第二齿轮啮合分离装置使第三、第四啮合齿轮分离，第一齿轮啮合分离装置使第一、第二啮合齿轮啮合，这样发动机的动力经变速箱变速后向车桥传递。Starting stage: When the battery power is high, the clutch is disengaged, and the second gear meshing and separating device separates the third and fourth meshing gears. When the motor starts, the power of the motor is directly transmitted to the axle without passing through the gearbox, which is beneficial to reducing energy. When the battery is low, the first gear meshing and separating device separates the first and second meshing gears, and the engine drives the vehicle to start and drives the motor to generate electricity. Of course, when the battery is low, the second gear meshing and separating device can also be used. The third and fourth meshing gears are disengaged, and the first gear meshing and separating device engages the first and second meshing gears, so that the power of the engine is transmitted to the axle via the transmission gear shift.
加速行驶：第三、第四啮合齿轮、第一、第二啮合齿轮均啮合，发动机和电机均作 为动力源驱动车辆运行。Accelerated driving: the third and fourth meshing gears, the first and second meshing gears are meshed, and the engine and the motor are both Drive the vehicle for power source.
匀速行驶：电池电量较高时，离合器分离、第二齿轮啮合分离装置使第三、第四啮合齿轮分离，利用电机驱动车辆；电池电量较低时，第一齿轮啮合分离装置使第一、第二啮合齿轮分离，发动机驱动车辆并带动电机发电，当然电池电量较低时，还可以通过第二齿轮啮合分离装置使第三、第四啮合齿轮分离，第一齿轮啮合分离装置使第一、第二啮合齿轮啮合，这样发动机的动力经变速箱变速后向车桥传递。Uniform driving: When the battery power is high, the clutch is disengaged, the second gear meshing and separating device separates the third and fourth meshing gears, and the vehicle is driven by the motor; when the battery power is low, the first gear meshing and separating device makes the first and the first The two meshing gears are separated, the engine drives the vehicle and drives the motor to generate electricity. Of course, when the battery power is low, the third gear and the meshing gear can be separated by the second gear meshing separating device, and the first gear meshing and separating device makes the first and the first The two meshing gears mesh, so that the power of the engine is transmitted to the axle via the gearbox.
怠速阶段：根据电池电量判断发动机停机或带动电机给电池充电，电量较高时发动机停机；电量较低时，第二齿轮啮合分离装置使第三、第四啮合齿轮、第一、第二啮合齿轮分离，发动机通过变速箱带动电机给电池充电。Idle phase: According to the battery power, the engine stops or drives the motor to charge the battery. When the battery is high, the engine stops. When the battery is low, the second gear meshes with the separation device to make the third and fourth meshing gears, the first and second meshing gears. Separate, the engine drives the motor through the gearbox to charge the battery.
制动减速阶段：离合器分离，第三、第四啮合齿轮不啮合，电机回收制动能量给电池充电。Brake deceleration phase: the clutch is disengaged, the third and fourth meshing gears are not meshed, and the motor recovers the braking energy to charge the battery.
倒车行驶：电池电量较高时，离合器分离，第三、第四啮合齿轮不啮合，电机反转；电池电量较低时，第三、第四啮合齿轮不啮合，第一、第二啮合齿轮啮合,发动机输出的动力通过变速箱、第一、第二啮合齿轮，使车辆反向行驶，并能够带动电机给电池充电。Reverse driving: When the battery is high, the clutch is disengaged, the third and fourth meshing gears are not engaged, and the motor is reversed; when the battery is low, the third and fourth meshing gears are not meshed, and the first and second meshing gears are meshed. The power outputted by the engine passes through the gearbox, the first and second meshing gears, causes the vehicle to travel in the opposite direction, and can drive the motor to charge the battery.
本发明中的车辆可以是公交车、乘用车、商用车等，在本车辆的其它实施例中：离合器也可以不设；当如第一、第二传递轴也可以不是平行设置；变速箱也可以不是无级变速箱而是普通的变速箱；第一齿轮啮合分离装置还可以设置在第三传动轴上，以驱动第二啮合齿轮沿第三传动轴轴向往复运动；第一齿轮啮合分离装置还可以被设置在第一传动轴上于变速箱与第一啮合齿轮之间的离合器代替；第二齿轮啮合分离装置还可以设置在第二传动轴上，以驱动第三啮合齿轮沿第二传动轴轴向往复运动；第二齿轮啮合分离装置还可以被设置在第二传动轴上于变速箱与第三啮合齿轮之间的离合器代替；传动机构还可以仅与第一传动轴或第二传动轴传动连接。The vehicle in the present invention may be a bus, a passenger car, a commercial vehicle, etc., in other embodiments of the vehicle: the clutch may not be provided; when the first and second transmission shafts are not arranged in parallel; the gearbox It may not be a continuously variable transmission but a common gearbox; the first gear meshing and separating device may also be disposed on the third transmission shaft to drive the second meshing gear to reciprocate axially along the third transmission shaft; the first gear meshes The separating device may also be replaced by a clutch disposed on the first transmission shaft between the gearbox and the first meshing gear; the second gear meshing separating device may also be disposed on the second drive shaft to drive the third meshing gear along the The second drive shaft is axially reciprocated; the second gear meshing and separating device can also be replaced by a clutch disposed between the gearbox and the third meshing gear on the second drive shaft; the transmission mechanism can also be only associated with the first drive shaft or Two drive shaft drive connections.
混合动力系统的实施例如图1所示：混合动力系统的具体结构与上述各车辆实施例中所述的混合动力系统相同，在此不再详述。 The implementation of the hybrid system is as shown in FIG. 1. The specific structure of the hybrid system is the same as that of the hybrid system described in the above respective vehicle embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种混合动力系统，包括发动机、电机和变速箱，电机的动力输出端上传动连接有第一传动轴，发动机的动力输出端上传动连接有第二传动轴，其特征在于：第一传动轴通过所述变速箱与所述第二传动轴传动连接，第一传动轴和/或第二传动轴通过传动机构与相应车桥传动连接。A hybrid power system comprising an engine, a motor and a gearbox, wherein a power transmission end of the motor is connected with a first transmission shaft, and a power transmission end of the engine is connected with a second transmission shaft, wherein: the first transmission shaft The first transmission shaft and/or the second transmission shaft are drivingly connected to the respective axle via a transmission via the gearbox.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于：所述变速箱为无级变速箱。The hybrid system of claim 1 wherein said gearbox is a continuously variable transmission.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于：所述传动机构包括与所述第一传动轴平行设置的第三传动轴，第三传动轴上设置有用于与所述车桥传动连接的车桥传动齿轮，第一传动轴上设置有第一啮合齿轮，第三传动轴上设置有用于与第一啮合齿轮啮合传动的第二啮合齿轮。A hybrid system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said transmission mechanism includes a third transmission shaft disposed in parallel with said first transmission shaft, and said third transmission shaft is provided with said axle The transmission-connected axle transmission gear is provided with a first meshing gear on the first transmission shaft, and a second meshing gear for meshing transmission with the first meshing gear is disposed on the third transmission shaft.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于：第三传动轴上设置有驱动第二啮合齿轮轴向移动的第一齿轮啮合分离装置或者第一传动轴上设置有驱动第一啮合齿轮轴向移动的第一齿轮啮合分离装置或者所述第一传动轴上于所述变速箱与第一啮合齿轮之间设置有第一离合器。The hybrid power system according to claim 3, wherein the third transmission shaft is provided with a first gear meshing separating device for driving the second meshing gear to move axially or the first gear shaft is provided with the driving first meshing gear An axially movable first gear meshing separating device or a first clutch is disposed on the first transmission shaft between the gearbox and the first meshing gear.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于：所述第二传动轴与所述第一、第三传动轴平行设置，所述传动机构还包括设置于所述第二传动轴上的第三啮合齿轮和设置于所述第三传动轴上的用于与所述第三啮合齿轮啮合传动的第四啮合齿轮，第二传动轴上设置有驱动第三啮合齿轮轴向移动的第二齿轮啮合分离装置或者第三传动轴上设置有驱动第四啮合齿轮轴向移动的第二齿轮啮合分离装置或者所述第二传动轴上于所述变速箱与第三啮合齿轮之间设置有第二离合器。The hybrid power system according to claim 4, wherein said second transmission shaft is disposed in parallel with said first and third transmission shafts, and said transmission mechanism further comprises a second transmission shaft disposed on said second transmission shaft a third meshing gear and a fourth meshing gear disposed on the third drive shaft for meshing transmission with the third meshing gear, and the second drive shaft is provided with a second drive shaft for axially moving the third meshing gear a gear meshing separating device or a third gear shaft is provided with a second gear meshing separating device for driving the fourth meshing gear to move axially or a second gear shaft is disposed between the gearbox and the third meshing gear Two clutches.
  6. 车辆，包括设置有混合动力系统和车桥的车体，混合动力系统包括发动机、电机和变速箱，电机的动力输出端上传动连接有第一传动轴，发动机的动力输出端上传动连接有第二传动轴，其特征在于：第一传动轴通过所述变速箱与所述第二传动轴传动连接，第一传动轴和/或第二传动轴通过传动机构与所述车桥传动连接。The vehicle includes a vehicle body provided with a hybrid system and an axle. The hybrid system includes an engine, a motor and a gearbox. The power output end of the motor is connected to the first transmission shaft, and the power output end of the engine is connected to the first transmission shaft. The second transmission shaft is characterized in that the first transmission shaft is drivingly connected to the second transmission shaft through the gearbox, and the first transmission shaft and/or the second transmission shaft are drivingly connected to the axle via a transmission mechanism.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的车辆，其特征在于：所述变速箱为无级变速箱。The vehicle of claim 6 wherein said gearbox is a continuously variable transmission.
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的车辆，其特征在于：所述传动机构包括与所述第一传动轴平行设置的第三传动轴，第三传动轴上设置有与所述车桥传动连接的车桥传动齿轮，第一传动轴上设置有第一啮合齿轮，第三传动轴上设置有用于与第一啮合齿轮啮合传动的第二啮合齿轮。The vehicle according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the transmission mechanism includes a third transmission shaft disposed in parallel with the first transmission shaft, and the third transmission shaft is provided with a transmission connection with the axle In the axle transmission gear, the first transmission shaft is provided with a first meshing gear, and the third transmission shaft is provided with a second meshing gear for meshing transmission with the first meshing gear.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的车辆，其特征在于：第三传动轴上设置有驱动第二啮合齿轮轴向移动的第一齿轮啮合分离装置或者第一传动轴上设置有驱动第一啮合齿轮轴向移动的第一齿 轮啮合分离装置或者所述第一传动轴上于所述变速箱与第一啮合齿轮之间设置有第一离合器。The vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the third transmission shaft is provided with a first gear meshing separating device for driving the second meshing gear to move axially or the first drive shaft is provided with a driving first meshing gear axial direction Moving first tooth A first clutch is disposed between the gearbox and the first meshing gear on the wheel meshing separating device or the first transmission shaft.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的车辆，其特征在于：所述第二传动轴与所述第一、第三传动轴平行设置，所述传动机构还包括设置于所述第二传动轴上的第三啮合齿轮和设置于所述第三传动轴上的用于与所述第三啮合齿轮啮合传动的第四啮合齿轮，第二传动轴上设置有驱动第三啮合齿轮轴向移动的第二齿轮啮合分离装置或者第三传动轴上设置有驱动第四啮合齿轮轴向移动的第二齿轮啮合分离装置或者所述第二传动轴上于所述变速箱与第三啮合齿轮之间设置有第二离合器。 The vehicle according to claim 9, wherein said second transmission shaft is disposed in parallel with said first and third transmission shafts, and said transmission mechanism further includes a third portion disposed on said second transmission shaft a meshing gear and a fourth meshing gear disposed on the third drive shaft for meshing transmission with the third meshing gear, and the second drive shaft is provided with a second gear meshing for driving the third meshing gear to move axially a second gear engagement separating device for driving the fourth meshing gear to move axially on the separating device or the third transmission shaft or a second clutch between the gearbox and the third meshing gear on the second transmission shaft .
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