CN110578772A - A special hybrid gearbox - Google Patents
A special hybrid gearbox Download PDFInfo
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- CN110578772A CN110578772A CN201910917752.7A CN201910917752A CN110578772A CN 110578772 A CN110578772 A CN 110578772A CN 201910917752 A CN201910917752 A CN 201910917752A CN 110578772 A CN110578772 A CN 110578772A
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/037—Gearboxes for accommodating differential gearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02034—Gearboxes combined or connected with electric machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
- F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
- F16H2200/0034—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种混合动力专用变速箱，包括发动机、发电机、驱动电机、输入组件、输出组件和输出主动齿轮，输入组件包括一档输入轴、驱动轴、二档输入轴、从动轴、驱动齿轮、第一主动齿轮、上的第二主动齿轮和第三主动齿轮和第一从动齿轮，输出组件包括输出轴、第二从动齿轮、第三从动齿轮以及选择性地与第二从动齿轮结合或与第三从动齿轮结合的动力接合装置，第二从动齿轮与第二主动齿轮相啮合，第三从动齿轮与第三主动齿轮相啮合，输出主动齿轮设置于输出轴上。本发明的混合动力专用变速箱，通过离合器与电动机、发电机、发动机的组合，可实现两个驱动档位以及多种运行模式，以最大限度的提升整车的动力性和经济性。
The invention discloses a special gearbox for hybrid power, which includes an engine, a generator, a driving motor, an input assembly, an output assembly and an output driving gear, and the input assembly includes a first-gear input shaft, a drive shaft, a second-gear input shaft, and a driven shaft , the driving gear, the first driving gear, the second driving gear, the third driving gear and the first driven gear, the output assembly includes the output shaft, the second driven gear, the third driven gear and optionally with the first driven gear The power joint device combining two driven gears or combining with the third driven gear, the second driven gear is meshed with the second driving gear, the third driven gear is meshed with the third driving gear, and the output driving gear is set at the output on axis. The special gearbox for hybrid power of the present invention can realize two drive gears and multiple operating modes through the combination of the clutch, the motor, the generator and the engine, so as to maximize the power and economy of the whole vehicle.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于变速箱技术领域，具体地说，本发明涉及一种混合动力专用变速箱。The invention belongs to the technical field of gearboxes, in particular, the invention relates to a special hybrid gearbox.
背景技术Background technique
混合动力专用变速箱集成了电动机、发电机和发动机，利用电动机启动扭矩大、转速范围宽、综合效率高的特点提升了车辆的加速、爬坡性能，同时降低了车辆的能量消耗。发电机使得发动机运行在稳定的最高效率工作点为电动机提供高压电，从而进一步降低了车辆的燃油消耗。The special hybrid gearbox integrates the electric motor, generator and engine, and utilizes the characteristics of large starting torque, wide speed range and high comprehensive efficiency of the electric motor to improve the acceleration and climbing performance of the vehicle, while reducing the energy consumption of the vehicle. The generator makes the engine run at a stable maximum efficiency operating point to provide high-voltage electricity to the electric motor, thereby further reducing the fuel consumption of the vehicle.
现有混合动力专用变速箱，由于仅有一个档位，导致存在如下诸多局限：Due to the fact that there is only one gear position in the existing special transmission for hybrid power, there are many limitations as follows:
1、电动机为满足低速动力性能导致扭矩需求较大，为满足最高车速要求导致转速需求很高；1. In order to meet the low-speed power performance, the motor has a large torque demand, and in order to meet the maximum speed requirement, the speed demand is high;
2、很高的输入转速导致对轴承、油封等很高的技术要求；2. High input speed leads to high technical requirements for bearings, oil seals, etc.;
3、发动机以最高效率区间介入驱动工作的时间占比较少，导致效率不高，不能最大限度的提高车辆的燃油经济性。3. The time for the engine to intervene in the driving work in the highest efficiency range is relatively small, resulting in low efficiency and unable to maximize the fuel economy of the vehicle.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提供一种混合动力专用变速箱，目的是提升整车的动力性和经济性。The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the present invention provides a special gearbox for hybrid power, with the purpose of improving the power and economy of the vehicle.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：一种混合动力专用变速箱，包括发动机、发电机、驱动电机、输入组件、输出组件、差速器从动齿轮和与差速器从动齿轮相啮合的输出主动齿轮，输入组件包括与所述驱动电机连接的一档输入轴、与所述发动机连接的驱动轴、通过第一离合器与驱动轴连接的二档输入轴、通过第二离合器与所述发电机连接的从动轴、设置于一档输入轴上的驱动齿轮、设置于驱动轴上的第一主动齿轮、设置于二档输入轴上的第二主动齿轮和第三主动齿轮以及设置于从动轴上且与第一主动齿轮相啮合的第一从动齿轮，所述输出组件包括输出轴、可旋转的设置于输出轴上的第二从动齿轮和第三从动齿轮以及设置于输出轴上且选择性地与第二从动齿轮结合或与第三从动齿轮结合的动力接合装置，第二从动齿轮与第二主动齿轮相啮合，第三从动齿轮与第三主动齿轮相啮合，所述输出主动齿轮设置于输出轴上。In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a special gearbox for hybrid power, including engine, generator, drive motor, input assembly, output assembly, differential driven gear and differential driven gear The meshed output driving gear, the input assembly includes a first gear input shaft connected to the drive motor, a drive shaft connected to the engine, a second gear input shaft connected to the drive shaft through the first clutch, and a second gear input shaft connected to the drive shaft through the second clutch. The driven shaft connected to the generator, the driving gear arranged on the first gear input shaft, the first driving gear arranged on the driving shaft, the second driving gear and the third driving gear arranged on the second gear input shaft and a first driven gear arranged on the driven shaft and meshed with the first driving gear, the output assembly includes an output shaft, a second driven gear and a third driven gear rotatably arranged on the output shaft and A power coupling device arranged on the output shaft and selectively combined with the second driven gear or combined with the third driven gear. The second driven gear meshes with the second driving gear, and the third driven gear meshes with the third driven gear. The driving gears are meshed, and the output driving gear is arranged on the output shaft.
所述动力接合装置为同步器或双离合器。The power coupling device is a synchronizer or a double clutch.
所述第二主动齿轮位于所述第一离合器和所述第三主动齿轮之间，第二主动齿轮的直径小于所述第二从动齿轮的直径，第三主动齿轮的直径大于所述第三从动齿轮的直径。The second driving gear is located between the first clutch and the third driving gear, the diameter of the second driving gear is smaller than the diameter of the second driven gear, and the diameter of the third driving gear is larger than that of the third driven gear. The diameter of the driven gear.
所述第二从动齿轮的直径大于所述驱动齿轮的直径。The diameter of the second driven gear is larger than that of the driving gear.
所述一档输入轴空套在所述从动轴上。The first gear input shaft is vacantly sleeved on the driven shaft.
所述驱动齿轮位于所述驱动电机和所述第一从动齿轮之间，所述第一主动齿轮的直径大于第一从动齿轮的直径。The driving gear is located between the driving motor and the first driven gear, and the diameter of the first driving gear is larger than that of the first driven gear.
在纯电驱动模式下工作时，控制所述第一离合器和第二离合器分离，控制所述动力接合装置与所述第二从动齿轮或所述第三从动齿轮结合，由所述驱动电机输出动力驱动汽车行驶。When working in the pure electric driving mode, control the first clutch and the second clutch to separate, control the power coupling device to combine with the second driven gear or the third driven gear, and the drive motor The output power drives the car to run.
在增程模式下工作时，控制所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器结合，控制所述动力接合装置与所述第二从动齿轮或所述第三从动齿轮结合，由所述驱动电机输出动力驱动汽车行驶，由所述发动机驱动发电机发电。When working in the range-extending mode, the first clutch is controlled to be combined with the second clutch, and the power coupling device is controlled to be combined with the second driven gear or the third driven gear, driven by the The motor outputs power to drive the vehicle, and the engine drives the generator to generate electricity.
在混动助力模式下工作时，控制所述第一离合器结合，控制所述第二离合器分离，控制所述动力接合装置与所述第二从动齿轮或所述第三从动齿轮结合，由所述发动机和所述驱动电机输出动力驱动汽车行驶。When working in the hybrid power assist mode, control the first clutch to engage, control the second clutch to disengage, control the power coupling device to engage with the second driven gear or the third driven gear, by The engine and the driving motor output power to drive the vehicle to run.
在发动机直驱模式下工作时，控制所述第一离合器结合，控制所述第二离合器分离，控制所述动力接合装置与所述第三从动齿轮结合，由所述发动机输出动力驱动汽车行驶。When working in the direct drive mode of the engine, the first clutch is controlled to be engaged, the second clutch is controlled to be disengaged, the power coupling device is controlled to be combined with the third driven gear, and the vehicle is driven by the output power of the engine .
本发明的混合动力专用变速箱，通过离合器与电动机、发电机、发动机的组合，可实现两个驱动档位以及多种运行模式，以最大限度的提升整车的动力性和经济性。The special gearbox for hybrid power of the present invention can realize two driving gears and multiple operating modes through the combination of the clutch, the motor, the generator and the engine, so as to maximize the power and economy of the whole vehicle.
附图说明Description of drawings
本说明书包括以下附图，所示内容分别是：This manual includes the following drawings, the contents shown are:
图1是本发明混合动力专用变速箱的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the special gearbox for hybrid power of the present invention;
图中标记为：1、发电机；2、第二离合器；3、驱动电机；4、驱动齿轮；5、第一离合器；6、第一从动齿轮；7、第一主动齿轮；8、第二从动齿轮；9、输出主动齿轮；10、差速器从动齿轮；11、第二主动齿轮；12、第三主动齿轮；13、第三从动齿轮；14、动力接合装置；15、差速器总成；16、驱动轴；17、一档输入轴；18、从动轴；19、二档输入轴；20、发动机。Marked in the figure: 1, generator; 2, second clutch; 3, driving motor; 4, driving gear; 5, first clutch; 6, first driven gear; 7, first driving gear; 8, the first Two driven gears; 9, output driving gear; 10, differential driven gear; 11, second driving gear; 12, third driving gear; 13, third driven gear; 14, power coupling device; 15, Differential assembly; 16. Drive shaft; 17. First gear input shaft; 18. Driven shaft; 19. Second gear input shaft; 20. Engine.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对照附图，通过对实施例的描述，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明，目的是帮助本领域的技术人员对本发明的构思、技术方案有更完整、准确和深入的理解，并有助于其实施。The specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail by describing the embodiments below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the purpose is to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and contribute to its implementation.
需要说明的是，在下述的实施方式中，所述的“第一”、“第二”和“第三”并不代表结构和/或功能上的绝对区分关系，也不代表先后的执行顺序，而仅仅是为了描述的方便。It should be noted that in the following implementation manners, the "first", "second" and "third" do not represent an absolute distinction in structure and/or function, nor does it represent a sequence of execution , but only for the convenience of description.
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种混合动力专用变速箱，包括发动机、发电机1、驱动电机3、输入组件、输出组件、差速器从动齿轮10和与差速器从动齿轮10相啮合的输出主动齿轮9，输入组件包括与驱动电机3连接的一档输入轴17、与发动机连接的驱动轴16、通过第一离合器5与驱动轴16连接的二档输入轴19、通过第二离合器2与发电机1连接的从动轴18、设置于一档输入轴17上的驱动齿轮4、设置于驱动轴16上的第一主动齿轮7、设置于二档输入轴19上的第二主动齿轮11和第三主动齿轮12以及设置于从动轴18上且与第一主动齿轮7相啮合的第一从动齿轮6，输出组件包括输出轴、可旋转的设置于输出轴上的第二从动齿轮8和第三从动齿轮13以及设置于输出轴上且选择性地与第二从动齿轮8结合或与第三从动齿轮13结合的动力接合装置14，第二从动齿轮8与第二主动齿轮11相啮合，第三从动齿轮13与第三主动齿轮12相啮合，输出主动齿轮9设置于输出轴上，动力接合装置14用于实现第二从动齿轮8与输出轴之间的动力传递或第三从动齿轮13与输出轴之间的动力传递。As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of special-purpose gearbox for hybrid power, comprising engine, generator 1, driving motor 3, input assembly, output assembly, differential driven gear 10 and differential driven gear 10 meshed output drive gear 9, the input assembly includes a first-gear input shaft 17 connected to the drive motor 3, a drive shaft 16 connected to the engine, a second-gear input shaft 19 connected to the drive shaft 16 through the first clutch 5, and a second gear input shaft 19 connected to the drive shaft 16 through the first clutch 5 The driven shaft 18 that the second clutch 2 is connected with the generator 1, the driving gear 4 that is arranged on the input shaft 17 of the first gear, the first driving gear 7 that is arranged on the driving shaft 16, and the driving gear 7 that is arranged on the input shaft 19 of the second gear. The second driving gear 11, the third driving gear 12 and the first driven gear 6 which are arranged on the driven shaft 18 and mesh with the first driving gear 7, the output assembly comprises an output shaft, which is rotatably arranged on the output shaft The second driven gear 8 and the third driven gear 13 and the power coupling device 14 which is arranged on the output shaft and selectively combined with the second driven gear 8 or combined with the third driven gear 13, the second driven gear The driving gear 8 is meshed with the second driving gear 11, the third driven gear 13 is meshing with the third driving gear 12, the output driving gear 9 is arranged on the output shaft, and the power coupling device 14 is used to realize the second driven gear 8 power transmission with the output shaft or power transmission between the third driven gear 13 and the output shaft.
具体地说，如图1所示，一档输入轴17空套在从动轴18上，一档输入轴17与从动轴18为同轴设置，且一档输入轴17通过轴承空套在从动轴18上，一档输入轴17与从动轴18之间设置轴承。一档输入轴17的一端与驱动电机3的转子固定连接，驱动齿轮4设置在一档输入轴17的另一端且驱动齿轮4与一档输入轴17为同轴固定连接。从动轴18的长度大于一档输入轴17的长度，从动轴18的一端与第二离合器2的主动盘固定连接，第一从动齿轮6设置在从动轴18的另一端且第一从动齿轮6与从动轴18为同轴固定连接，第二离合器2的从动盘与发电机1的转子固定连接，第二离合器2用于控制发电机1与从动轴18的结合与分离，发电机1与蓄电池电连接，发电机1用于为蓄电池充电。驱动轴16与从动轴18相平行，驱动轴16的一端与发动机的动力输出端固定连接，驱动轴16的另一端与第二离合器2的主动盘固定连接，第一主动齿轮7与驱动轴16为同轴固定连接，第一主动齿轮7和第一从动齿轮6相啮合，第一离合器5用于控制驱动轴16与二档输入轴19的结合与分离。二档输入轴19与驱动轴16为同轴设置，二档输入轴19的一端与第一离合器5的从动盘固定连接，第二主动齿轮11和第三主动齿轮12与二档输入轴19为同轴固定连接，第二主动齿轮11位于第一离合器5和第三主动齿轮12之间。输出轴与二档输入轴19相平行，第二从动齿轮8和第三从动齿轮13空套在输出轴上，且第二从动齿轮8通过轴承空套在输出轴上，第二从动齿轮8与输出轴之间设置轴承，第三从动齿轮13通过轴承空套在输出轴上，第三从动齿轮13与输出轴之间设置轴承。输出主动齿轮9与输出轴为同轴固定连接，输出主动齿轮9与差速器从动齿轮10相啮合，输出主动齿轮9的直径小于差速器从动齿轮10的直径，差速器从动齿轮10与差速器总成15固定连接，差速器总成15用于输出变速箱的动力至车辆的半轴，从而带动车轮转动，产生驱动车辆行驶的驱动力。Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the first gear input shaft 17 is idly sleeved on the driven shaft 18, the first gear input shaft 17 and the driven shaft 18 are coaxially arranged, and the first gear input shaft 17 is vacantly sleeved on the driven shaft 18 through the bearing. On the driven shaft 18, a bearing is arranged between the first gear input shaft 17 and the driven shaft 18. One end of the first gear input shaft 17 is fixedly connected with the rotor of the drive motor 3, the drive gear 4 is arranged on the other end of the first gear input shaft 17 and the drive gear 4 is coaxially fixedly connected with the first gear input shaft 17. The length of the driven shaft 18 is greater than the length of the first gear input shaft 17, and one end of the driven shaft 18 is fixedly connected with the driving disc of the second clutch 2, the first driven gear 6 is arranged on the other end of the driven shaft 18 and the first The driven gear 6 and the driven shaft 18 are coaxially fixedly connected, the driven disk of the second clutch 2 is fixedly connected with the rotor of the generator 1, and the second clutch 2 is used to control the combination and connection between the generator 1 and the driven shaft 18 Separated, the generator 1 is electrically connected to the storage battery, and the generator 1 is used to charge the storage battery. Drive shaft 16 is parallel with driven shaft 18, and one end of drive shaft 16 is fixedly connected with the power output end of engine, and the other end of drive shaft 16 is fixedly connected with the driving disc of second clutch 2, and the first driving gear 7 is connected with drive shaft 16 is a coaxial fixed connection, the first driving gear 7 is meshed with the first driven gear 6, and the first clutch 5 is used to control the combination and separation of the drive shaft 16 and the second gear input shaft 19. The second gear input shaft 19 and the drive shaft 16 are coaxially arranged, and one end of the second gear input shaft 19 is fixedly connected with the driven disk of the first clutch 5, and the second driving gear 11 and the third driving gear 12 are connected with the second gear input shaft 19. For coaxial fixed connection, the second driving gear 11 is located between the first clutch 5 and the third driving gear 12 . The output shaft is parallel to the second gear input shaft 19, the second driven gear 8 and the third driven gear 13 are vacantly sleeved on the output shaft, and the second driven gear 8 is vacantly sleeved on the output shaft through a bearing, and the second driven gear 8 is vacantly sleeved on the output shaft. A bearing is arranged between the driven gear 8 and the output shaft, the third driven gear 13 is loosely sleeved on the output shaft through the bearing, and a bearing is arranged between the third driven gear 13 and the output shaft. The output driving gear 9 and the output shaft are coaxially fixedly connected, and the output driving gear 9 meshes with the differential driven gear 10. The diameter of the output driving gear 9 is smaller than the diameter of the differential driven gear 10, and the differential driven The gear 10 is fixedly connected with the differential assembly 15, and the differential assembly 15 is used to output the power of the gearbox to the axle shaft of the vehicle, thereby driving the wheels to rotate and generating the driving force for driving the vehicle.
如图1所示，第二主动齿轮11的直径小于第二从动齿轮8的直径，第三主动齿轮12的直径大于第三从动齿轮13的直径，第二从动齿轮8的直径大于驱动齿轮4的直径，第二主动齿轮11的直径小于第三主动齿轮12的直径，驱动齿轮4位于驱动电机3和第一从动齿轮6之间，第一主动齿轮7的直径大于第一从动齿轮6的直径。As shown in Figure 1, the diameter of the second driving gear 11 is smaller than the diameter of the second driven gear 8, the diameter of the third driving gear 12 is larger than the diameter of the third driven gear 13, and the diameter of the second driven gear 8 is larger than the diameter of the driving gear. The diameter of the gear 4, the diameter of the second driving gear 11 is less than the diameter of the third driving gear 12, the driving gear 4 is located between the driving motor 3 and the first driven gear 6, and the diameter of the first driving gear 7 is greater than the first driven gear 7. The diameter of gear 6.
如图1所示，第二从动齿轮8的直径大于第三从动齿轮13的直径，在输出轴的轴向上，第二从动齿轮8位于输出主动齿轮9和第三从动齿轮13之间，动力接合装置14位于第二从动齿轮8和第三从动齿轮13之间，动力接合装置14与输出轴固定连接，动力接合装置14为同步器或双离合器。当动力接合装置14与第二从动齿轮8结合时，实现了第二从动齿轮8与输出轴之间的动力传递，第二从动齿轮8转动时，可以通过动力接合装置14带动输出轴同步转动，此时变速箱工作在低速档；当动力接合装置14与第三从动齿轮13结合时，实现了第三从动齿轮13与输出轴之间的动力传递，第三从动齿轮13转动时，可以通过动力接合装置14带动输出轴同步转动，此时变速箱工作在高速档。低速档通过大的速比对驱动电机3的输出扭矩进行增扭，从而提升整车动力性能并降低驱动电机3的功率需求以及减小外形尺寸；高速档通过小的速比降低对驱动电机3的最高转速需求，并可以在发动机直驱工况时使发动机运行在高效区间。因此，通过设置动力接合装置14，可以实现变速箱在低速档与高速档之间的切换，从而可以最大限度的提升整车的动力性和经济性。As shown in Figure 1, the diameter of the second driven gear 8 is greater than the diameter of the third driven gear 13, and in the axial direction of the output shaft, the second driven gear 8 is located between the output drive gear 9 and the third driven gear 13 Among them, the power coupling device 14 is located between the second driven gear 8 and the third driven gear 13, the power coupling device 14 is fixedly connected with the output shaft, and the power coupling device 14 is a synchronizer or a double clutch. When the power coupling device 14 is combined with the second driven gear 8, the power transmission between the second driven gear 8 and the output shaft is realized, and when the second driven gear 8 rotates, the output shaft can be driven by the power coupling device 14 Rotate synchronously, now the gearbox works in low gear; when the power coupling device 14 is combined with the third driven gear 13, the power transmission between the third driven gear 13 and the output shaft is realized, and the third driven gear 13 When rotating, the output shaft can be driven to rotate synchronously by the power coupling device 14, and now the gearbox works in a high gear. The low-speed gear increases the output torque of the drive motor 3 through a large speed ratio, thereby improving the power performance of the vehicle and reducing the power demand of the drive motor 3 and reducing the overall size; the high-speed gear reduces the output torque of the drive motor 3 through a small speed ratio. The highest speed requirement, and can make the engine run in the high-efficiency range when the engine is directly driven. Therefore, by setting the power coupling device 14, the transmission can be switched between the low gear and the high gear, so that the power and economy of the vehicle can be improved to the greatest extent.
上述结构的混合动力专用变速箱，具有两个档位，通过合适的速比匹配具有以下优势：The special hybrid gearbox with the above structure has two gears and has the following advantages through matching the appropriate speed ratio:
(1)降低对驱动电机3的扭矩和最大转速需求，从而降低电机功率以及减小外形尺寸；(1) Reducing the torque and maximum rotational speed requirements of the drive motor 3, thereby reducing the power of the motor and reducing the overall size;
(2)高速工况下由发动机运行在高效区间通过二档直接驱动车辆；(2) Under high-speed conditions, the engine runs in the high-efficiency range to directly drive the vehicle through the second gear;
上述结构的混合动力专用变速箱，具有如下的多种车辆运行模式，提升驾驶感受及燃油经济性：The special hybrid gearbox with the above structure has the following various vehicle operation modes to improve driving experience and fuel economy:
(1)纯电驱动模式；(1) Pure electric drive mode;
(2)增程模式：电动机驱动，发电机1在最高效率工作点充电；(2) Extended range mode: driven by electric motor, generator 1 is charged at the highest efficiency operating point;
(3)混动助力模式；(3) Hybrid power assist mode;
(4)驻车发电模式；(4) Parking power generation mode;
(5)发动机直驱；(5) Engine direct drive;
(6)制动能量回收。(6) Braking energy recovery.
如图1所示，在纯电驱动模式下工作时，控制第一离合器5和第二离合器2分离，控制动力接合装置14与第二从动齿轮8或第三从动齿轮13结合，由驱动电机3输出动力驱动汽车行驶。具体地，发动机和发电机1停止工作，控制第一离合器5分离，控制第二离合器2分离，控制动力接合装置14与第二从动齿轮8结合，驱动电机3产生的动力经一档输入轴17传递至驱动齿轮4，然后再依次传递至第二主动齿轮11、第二从动齿轮8、输出轴、输出主动齿轮9和差速器从动齿轮10传递到差速器总成15上，最后经半轴传递到车轮上，从而实现该模式下的低速档功能，实现纯电驱动的低速档位。需切换高速档时，发动机和发电机1停止工作，控制第一离合器5分离，控制第二离合器2分离，控制动力接合装置14与第三从动齿轮13结合，驱动电机3产生的动力经一档输入轴17传递至驱动齿轮4，然后再依次传递至第二主动齿轮11、二档输入轴19、第三主动齿轮12、第三从动齿轮13、输出轴、输出主动齿轮9和差速器从动齿轮10传递到差速器总成15上，最后经半轴传递到车轮上，从而实现该模式下的高速档功能，实现纯电驱动的高速档位。As shown in Figure 1, when working in the pure electric drive mode, the first clutch 5 and the second clutch 2 are controlled to be separated, and the power coupling device 14 is controlled to combine with the second driven gear 8 or the third driven gear 13, driven by The motor 3 outputs power to drive the car to run. Specifically, the engine and generator 1 are stopped, the first clutch 5 is controlled to be disengaged, the second clutch 2 is controlled to be disengaged, the power coupling device 14 is controlled to be combined with the second driven gear 8, and the power generated by the drive motor 3 passes through the first gear input shaft. 17 is transmitted to the drive gear 4, and then transmitted to the second driving gear 11, the second driven gear 8, the output shaft, the output driving gear 9 and the differential driven gear 10 to the differential assembly 15, Finally, it is transmitted to the wheels through the half shaft, so as to realize the low-speed gear function in this mode and realize the low-speed gear of pure electric drive. When the high gear needs to be switched, the engine and the generator 1 stop working, the first clutch 5 is controlled to disengage, the second clutch 2 is controlled to disengage, the power coupling device 14 is controlled to combine with the third driven gear 13, and the power generated by the drive motor 3 passes through a The gear input shaft 17 is transmitted to the drive gear 4, and then sequentially transmitted to the second driving gear 11, the second gear input shaft 19, the third driving gear 12, the third driven gear 13, the output shaft, the output driving gear 9 and the differential The driven gear 10 is transmitted to the differential assembly 15, and finally transmitted to the wheels through the axle shaft, thereby realizing the high-speed gear function in this mode and realizing the high-speed gear of pure electric drive.
如图1所示，在增程模式下工作时，控制第一离合器5和第二离合器2结合，控制动力接合装置14与第二从动齿轮8或第三从动齿轮13结合，由驱动电机3输出动力驱动汽车行驶，由发动机驱动发电机1发电。具体地，发动机工作，控制第一离合器5结合，控制第二离合器2结合，控制动力接合装置14与第二从动齿轮8结合，发动机产生的动力依次经驱动轴16、第一主动齿轮7、第一从动齿轮6、从动轴18和第二离合器2传递至发电机1，发动机驱动发电机1运转，发电机1对蓄电池进行充电，由驱动电机3输出动力驱动车辆行驶，驱动电机3产生的动力经一档输入轴17传递至驱动齿轮4，然后再依次传递至第二主动齿轮11、第二从动齿轮8、输出轴、输出主动齿轮9和差速器从动齿轮10传递到差速器总成15上，最后经半轴传递到车轮上，从而实现该模式下的低速档功能，实现增程模式的低速档位；需切换高速档时，发动机工作，控制第一离合器5结合，控制第二离合器2结合，发动机产生的动力依次经驱动轴16、第一主动齿轮7、第一从动齿轮6、从动轴18和第二离合器2传递至发电机1，发动机驱动发电机1运转，发电机1对蓄电池进行充电，由驱动电机3输出动力驱动车辆行驶，控制动力接合装置14与第三从动齿轮13结合，驱动电机3产生的动力经一档输入轴17传递至驱动齿轮4，然后再依次传递至第二主动齿轮11、二档输入轴19、第三主动齿轮12、第三从动齿轮13、输出轴、输出主动齿轮9和差速器从动齿轮10传递到差速器总成15上，最后经半轴传递到车轮上，从而实现该模式下的高速档功能，实现增程模式的高速档位。As shown in Figure 1, when working in the range-extending mode, the first clutch 5 is controlled to combine with the second clutch 2, the power coupling device 14 is controlled to combine with the second driven gear 8 or the third driven gear 13, and the drive motor 3. The output power drives the vehicle to run, and the generator 1 is driven by the engine to generate electricity. Specifically, the engine works, the first clutch 5 is controlled to be combined, the second clutch 2 is controlled to be combined, the power coupling device 14 is controlled to be combined with the second driven gear 8, and the power generated by the engine is sequentially passed through the drive shaft 16, the first driving gear 7, The first driven gear 6, the driven shaft 18 and the second clutch 2 are transmitted to the generator 1, the engine drives the generator 1 to run, the generator 1 charges the storage battery, and the drive motor 3 outputs power to drive the vehicle to run, and the drive motor 3 The generated power is transmitted to the drive gear 4 through the first gear input shaft 17, and then transmitted to the second driving gear 11, the second driven gear 8, the output shaft, the output driving gear 9 and the differential driven gear 10 to the On the differential assembly 15, it is finally transmitted to the wheels through the half shaft, so as to realize the low gear function in this mode and realize the low gear in the range-extending mode; when it is necessary to switch to high gear, the engine works to control the first clutch 5 Combination, control the combination of the second clutch 2, the power generated by the engine is sequentially transmitted to the generator 1 through the drive shaft 16, the first driving gear 7, the first driven gear 6, the driven shaft 18 and the second clutch 2, and the engine drives the generator to generate electricity The engine 1 runs, the generator 1 charges the storage battery, the drive motor 3 outputs power to drive the vehicle, and the power coupling device 14 is controlled to combine with the third driven gear 13, and the power generated by the drive motor 3 is transmitted to the first gear input shaft 17 to The driving gear 4 is then transmitted to the second driving gear 11, the second gear input shaft 19, the third driving gear 12, the third driven gear 13, the output shaft, the output driving gear 9 and the differential driven gear 10. to the differential assembly 15, and finally transmitted to the wheels through the axle shaft, thereby realizing the high-speed gear function in this mode and realizing the high-speed gear in the range-extending mode.
如图1所示，在混动助力模式下工作时，控制第一离合器5结合，控制第二离合器2分离，控制动力接合装置14与第二从动齿轮8或第三从动齿轮13结合，由发动机和驱动电机3输出动力驱动汽车行驶。具体地，由发动机和驱动电机3输出动力驱动车辆行驶，控制第一离合器5结合，控制第二离合器2分离，控制动力接合装置14与第二从动齿轮8结合，发动机产生的动力依次经驱动轴16、第一离合器5传递至二档输入轴19，发动机产生的动力和驱动电机3产生的动力在二档输入轴19上进行耦合，驱动电机3产生的动力经一档输入轴17传递至驱动齿轮4，然后再依次传递至第二主动齿轮11、第二从动齿轮8、输出轴、输出主动齿轮9和差速器从动齿轮10传递到差速器总成15上，最后经半轴传递到车轮上，从而实现该模式下的低速档功能，实现混动助力模式的低速档位；需切换高速档时，由发动机和驱动电机3输出动力驱动车辆行驶，控制第一离合器5结合，控制第二离合器2分离，控制动力接合装置14与第三从动齿轮13结合，发动机产生的动力依次经驱动轴16、第一离合器5传递至二档输入轴19，发动机产生的动力和驱动电机3产生的动力在二档输入轴19上进行耦合，驱动电机3产生的动力经一档输入轴17传递至驱动齿轮4，然后再依次传递至第二主动齿轮11、二档输入轴19、第三主动齿轮12、第三从动齿轮13、输出轴、输出主动齿轮9和差速器从动齿轮10传递到差速器总成15上，最后经半轴传递到车轮上，从而实现该模式下的高速档功能，实现混动助力模式的高速档位。As shown in Fig. 1, when working in the hybrid booster mode, the first clutch 5 is controlled to be engaged, the second clutch 2 is controlled to be disengaged, the power coupling device 14 is controlled to be combined with the second driven gear 8 or the third driven gear 13, The vehicle is driven by the output power of the engine and the drive motor 3 . Specifically, the vehicle is driven by the output power of the engine and the driving motor 3, the first clutch 5 is controlled to be combined, the second clutch 2 is controlled to be separated, the power coupling device 14 is controlled to be combined with the second driven gear 8, and the power generated by the engine is sequentially driven. The shaft 16 and the first clutch 5 are transmitted to the second gear input shaft 19, the power generated by the engine and the power generated by the driving motor 3 are coupled on the second gear input shaft 19, and the power generated by the driving motor 3 is transmitted to the second gear through the first gear input shaft 17. The driving gear 4 is then transmitted to the second driving gear 11, the second driven gear 8, the output shaft, the output driving gear 9 and the differential driven gear 10 to the differential assembly 15 in sequence, and finally through the half The shaft is transmitted to the wheels, so as to realize the low-speed gear function in this mode and realize the low-speed gear in the hybrid power assist mode; when it is necessary to switch to high-speed gear, the engine and the drive motor 3 output power to drive the vehicle to drive, and the first clutch 5 is controlled to combine , control the separation of the second clutch 2, control the combination of the power coupling device 14 and the third driven gear 13, the power generated by the engine is transmitted to the second gear input shaft 19 through the drive shaft 16 and the first clutch 5 in turn, the power generated by the engine and the drive The power generated by the motor 3 is coupled on the second gear input shaft 19, and the power generated by the driving motor 3 is transmitted to the drive gear 4 through the first gear input shaft 17, and then transmitted to the second driving gear 11, the second gear input shaft 19, The third driving gear 12, the third driven gear 13, the output shaft, the output driving gear 9 and the differential driven gear 10 are transmitted to the differential assembly 15, and finally transmitted to the wheels through the axle shaft, thereby realizing the The high-speed gear function in the mode realizes the high-speed gear in the hybrid power assist mode.
如图1所示，在发动机直驱模式下工作时，控制第一离合器5结合，控制第二离合器2分离，控制动力接合装置14与第三从动齿轮13结合，由发动机输出动力驱动汽车行驶。As shown in Figure 1, when working in the direct drive mode of the engine, the first clutch 5 is controlled to be engaged, the second clutch 2 is controlled to be disengaged, the power coupling device 14 is controlled to be combined with the third driven gear 13, and the vehicle is driven by the output power of the engine. .
如图1所示，在发动机直驱模式下工作时，当车辆运行在高速工况下，由发动机输出动力驱动车辆行驶，控制第一离合器5结合，控制第二离合器2分离，控制动力接合装置14与第三从动齿轮13结合，发动机产生的动力依次经驱动轴16、第一离合器5传递至二档输入轴19，然后再依次传递至第三主动齿轮12、第三从动齿轮13、输出轴、输出主动齿轮9和差速器从动齿轮10传递到差速器总成15上，最后经半轴传递到车轮上，从而实现该模式下的高速档功能，实现发动机直驱模式的高速档位。而且，在发动机直驱模式下工作时，当发动机动力输出过剩时通过控制第二离合器2结合，发动机驱动发电机1发电，利用发动机过剩的能量驱动发电机1发电。As shown in Figure 1, when working in the engine direct drive mode, when the vehicle is running at a high speed, the engine output power drives the vehicle to drive, controls the first clutch 5 to engage, controls the second clutch 2 to disengage, and controls the power engagement device 14 is combined with the third driven gear 13, the power generated by the engine is sequentially transmitted to the second gear input shaft 19 through the drive shaft 16, the first clutch 5, and then sequentially transmitted to the third driving gear 12, the third driven gear 13, The output shaft, the output driving gear 9 and the differential driven gear 10 are transmitted to the differential assembly 15, and finally transmitted to the wheels through the half shaft, so as to realize the high-speed gear function in this mode and realize the engine direct drive mode. High gear. Moreover, when working in the engine direct drive mode, when the engine power output is excessive, the engine drives the generator 1 to generate electricity by controlling the engagement of the second clutch 2, and the excess energy of the engine is used to drive the generator 1 to generate electricity.
如图1所示，在驻车发电模式下工作时，驱动电机3停止工作，控制第一离合器5和第二离合器2结合，由发动机驱动发电机1发电。具体地，发动机工作，控制第一离合器5结合，控制第二离合器2结合，发动机产生的动力依次经驱动轴16、第一主动齿轮7、第一从动齿轮6、从动轴18和第二离合器2传递至发电机1，发动机驱动发电机1运转，发电机1对蓄电池进行充电。As shown in FIG. 1 , when working in the parking power generation mode, the driving motor 3 stops working, and the first clutch 5 and the second clutch 2 are controlled to be engaged, and the generator 1 is driven by the engine to generate electricity. Specifically, the engine is working, the first clutch 5 is controlled to be engaged, the second clutch 2 is controlled to be engaged, and the power generated by the engine passes through the drive shaft 16, the first driving gear 7, the first driven gear 6, the driven shaft 18 and the second The clutch 2 transmits to the generator 1, the engine drives the generator 1 to run, and the generator 1 charges the storage battery.
驱动电机3具有驱动和发电功能，驱动电机3与蓄电池电连接，可以为蓄电池充电。如图1所示，在制动能量回收模式下工作时，车辆运行在制动工况，此时利用驱动电机3进行发电。具体地，当控制动力接合装置14与第二从动齿轮8结合后，车辆所需的制动能量通过车轮传输给差速器总成15，并依次通过输出主动齿轮9、二档输入轴19、第二从动齿轮8、第二主动齿轮11、驱动齿轮4和一档输入轴17传输给驱动电机3，带动驱动电机3运转，驱动电机3进行发电，对蓄电池进行充电；当控制动力接合装置14与第三从动齿轮13结合后，车辆所需的制动能量通过车轮传输给差速器总成15，并依次通过输出主动齿轮9、二档输入轴19、第三从动齿轮13、第三主动齿轮12、二档输入轴19、第二主动齿轮11、驱动齿轮4和一档输入轴17传输给驱动电机3，带动驱动电机3运转，驱动电机3进行发电，对蓄电池进行充电。The drive motor 3 has the functions of driving and generating electricity, and the drive motor 3 is electrically connected with the storage battery to charge the storage battery. As shown in FIG. 1 , when working in the braking energy recovery mode, the vehicle is running in a braking condition, and the driving motor 3 is used to generate electricity at this time. Specifically, when the control power coupling device 14 is combined with the second driven gear 8, the braking energy required by the vehicle is transmitted to the differential assembly 15 through the wheels, and then passes through the output driving gear 9, the second gear input shaft 19 in turn , the second driven gear 8, the second driving gear 11, the drive gear 4 and the first gear input shaft 17 are transmitted to the drive motor 3, which drives the drive motor 3 to run, and the drive motor 3 generates electricity to charge the storage battery; when the control power is engaged After the device 14 is combined with the third driven gear 13, the braking energy required by the vehicle is transmitted to the differential assembly 15 through the wheels, and then passes through the output drive gear 9, the second gear input shaft 19, and the third driven gear 13 in sequence. , the third drive gear 12, the second gear input shaft 19, the second drive gear 11, the drive gear 4 and the first gear input shaft 17 are transmitted to the drive motor 3, which drives the drive motor 3 to run, and the drive motor 3 generates electricity to charge the storage battery .
以上结合附图对本发明进行了示例性描述。显然，本发明具体实现并不受上述方式的限制。只要是采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种非实质性的改进；或未经改进，将本发明的上述构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均在本发明的保护范围之内。The present invention has been exemplarily described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above methods. As long as various insubstantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or without improvement, the above-mentioned concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions, all within the protection scope of the present invention within.
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