WO2015109718A1 - 一种充电方法、交流电适配器、充电管理装置及终端 - Google Patents

一种充电方法、交流电适配器、充电管理装置及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015109718A1
WO2015109718A1 PCT/CN2014/078807 CN2014078807W WO2015109718A1 WO 2015109718 A1 WO2015109718 A1 WO 2015109718A1 CN 2014078807 W CN2014078807 W CN 2014078807W WO 2015109718 A1 WO2015109718 A1 WO 2015109718A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
usb connector
micro usb
adapter
terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/078807
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡东平
王继红
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to EP14880058.4A priority Critical patent/EP3086433A4/en
Priority to US15/111,484 priority patent/US20160336779A1/en
Publication of WO2015109718A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015109718A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/446Initial charging measures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00045Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of battery power charging technology, and is particularly suitable for battery-powered mobile portable electronic products, and particularly relates to a charging method based on a USB interface, an AC adapter, a charging management device and a terminal.
  • the portable WI-FI and 3G/4G Internet access devices with USB interface on the market are more than 4000M.
  • the charging voltage is typically 5.0V
  • the standard USB downstream port is typically charged at 100mA/500mA/900mA, depending on the type of protocol supported by the USB interface, based on the USB interface connector.
  • the AC (AC) adapter is between 1A and 1.5A.
  • the mainstream standard MICRO USB interface can withstand a current of about 1A. If it takes about 2.5 hours to charge a 2000M battery with a current of 1A, it takes 4.5 hours for a 4000M battery. The larger the battery capacity, the longer the charging time.
  • the input current of the charging management chip is correspondingly increased.
  • the input current of the charge management chip may exceed the rated operating current of the MICRO USB connector, that is, exceed the current capacity of the MICRO USB connector, thereby destroying the USB connector.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a charging method, an AC adapter, a charging management device, and a terminal to implement fast charging of a lithium battery of a mobile portable electronic product.
  • An AC adapter includes a micro USB connector, a conversion module, a switch, and a control module, wherein:
  • the micro USB connector is configured to: connect with an external terminal to charge the external terminal; the conversion module is connected to the power pin of the micro USB connector, and is configured to: convert the connected alternating current into direct current Outputting to the micro USB connector as an output; after receiving the boosting instruction of the control module, raising the voltage to a specified value;
  • the switch is configured to: normally connect two differential signal lines of the micro USB connector to a resistor by default; and detect the micro USB connector when the micro USB connector is connected to an external terminal Whether the two differential signal lines are in a short circuit state, and if so, triggering the control module, and disconnecting the two differential signal lines of the micro USB connector from the resistor;
  • the control module is configured to: after being triggered, send a boosting instruction to the transform module.
  • the switch is further configured to: notify the control module if the external terminal is disconnected from the micro USB connector or the external terminal is completed, and the micro USB is to be Two differential signal lines of the connector are connected to the resistor;
  • the control module is further configured to: after receiving the notification, send a recovery voltage command to the transformation module;
  • the conversion module is further configured to: after receiving the resume voltage command, adjust the voltage to a default value.
  • the value of the resistor is 0 ohms or less than 100 ohms.
  • a charging method applicable to any of the AC adapters as described above, comprising: the AC adapter access terminal;
  • the AC adapter detects whether the terminal supports fast charging, and if not, The output voltage is used to charge the terminal; if supported, the terminal is charged after raising the output voltage to a specified value.
  • the step of detecting, by the AC adapter, whether the terminal supports fast charging comprises: detecting whether two differential signal lines in the micro USB connector of the connection terminal are in a short circuit state, and if yes, determining that the terminal supports fast charging Otherwise, it is determined that the terminal does not support fast charging.
  • a charging management device for a terminal including a micro USB connector, a switch, and a control module, wherein:
  • the micro USB connector is configured to: connect to a charging device to charge the terminal;
  • the switch is configured to: connect two differential signal lines in the micro USB connector to the control module by default After receiving the switching signal of the control module, connecting two differential signal lines in the micro USB connector to a resistor;
  • the control module is configured to detect whether the charging device to which the micro USB connector is connected is an AC adapter, and if so, output a switching signal to the switch.
  • control module is further configured to: if it is detected that the terminal is charging completed or the
  • the switch is further configured to connect the two differential signal lines of the micro USB connector to the control module after receiving the notification.
  • the value of the resistor is 0 ohms or less than 100 ohms.
  • a terminal comprising any one of the above described charging management devices.
  • a charging method applicable to any of the charging management devices as described above, comprising: the charging management device detecting a type of an access device;
  • the charging management device if detecting that the access device is an AC adapter, sends a fast charge identifier to the AC adapter.
  • the step of the charging management device issuing the fast charging identifier to the AC adapter includes:
  • the charging management device connects two differential signal lines in the micro USB connector connected to the AC adapter to a resistor having a value of 0 ohms or less than 100 ohms.
  • the charging method, the AC adapter, the charging management device and the terminal of the above technical solution are mainly related to the related technologies: as long as the conventional charging adapter and the charging load are added, the bus switching switch can be realized, which is simple and easy; in the USB connection
  • the device interface mode realizes the fast charging mode, can use the charging requirements of mobile portable electronic products, and the technology is easy to promote and implement; comply with the USB battery charging specification, the voltage comparison type, the pulse group detection and the pulse counting mode of the related technology, and the reliability is better;
  • the method and the physical implementation of the embodiments of the present invention are easy to form a unified specification.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also implement bus communication between the charger and the charging load to implement smarter charging in the related invention content and implementation manner. the way. BRIEF abstract
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an AC adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for charging on an AC adapter side according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a basic principle of a smart charging switch according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an AC adapter of an application example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of charging an AC adapter according to an application example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a charging management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for charging on a charging management device side according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a charging load according to an application example of the present invention
  • Fig. 9 is a flow chart showing charging of a charging load according to an application example of the present invention.
  • the input current of the chip may exceed the rated operating current of the MICRO USB connector, that is, exceed the current capacity of the MICRO USB connector, thereby destroying the USB connector. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the current absorbed from the AC adapter side is unchanged, and remains at about 1 A, but the input voltage of the USB interface is increased, that is, the input power of the charging management chip (the output power of the AC adapter) is increased, thereby improving the battery.
  • the charging current realizes the fast charging function of lithium battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an AC adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the AC adapter of this embodiment includes:
  • the micro USB connector 101 is configured to: connect with an external terminal to charge the external terminal; the conversion module 102 is connected to the power pin of the micro USB connector, and is configured to: convert the connected alternating current into direct current and output the The micro USB connector is used as an output; after receiving the boosting instruction of the control module, the voltage is raised to a specified value;
  • the switch 103 is configured to: normally, by default, connect two differential signal lines of the micro USB connector to a resistor; and when the micro USB connector is connected to an external terminal, detect the micro USB connector Whether the two differential signal lines are in a short circuit state, and if so, triggering the control module, and disconnecting the two differential signal lines of the micro USB connector from the resistor;
  • the control module 104 is configured to: after being triggered, send a boosting instruction to the transform module.
  • the switch may be further configured to: notify the control module if the external terminal is disconnected from the micro USB connector or the external terminal is charged; Connecting two differential signal lines of the micro USB connector to the resistor;
  • the control module 104 may be further configured to: after receiving the notification, send a recovery voltage command to the transformation module 102;
  • the transform module 102 can also be configured to: after receiving the resume voltage command, adjust the voltage to a default value.
  • Step 11 An AC adapter accessing a terminal;
  • Step 12 The AC adapter detects whether the terminal supports fast charging, such as detecting the terminal. If fast charging is not supported, go to step 13; if the terminal is detected to support fast charging, go to step 14; Step 13, the AC adapter charges the output voltage to a specified value to charge the terminal; Step 14, AC adapter The terminal is charged with a default output voltage.
  • a bus switching switch for example, an LC824206/205 chip or the like, or in an existing charging management chip and an AC adaptation control chip, integrated with the embodiment of the present invention is used.
  • the intelligent bus switch implements a fast/slow adaptive intelligent charging method for the USB interface through an intelligent bus switch and its peripheral circuits. The following is a brief description and description of the intelligent switch, intelligent bus switch (including LC824206/205 chip, but not limited to this).
  • the schematic diagram of the intelligent bus switch and the connection relationship of the functional units are shown in Fig. 3.
  • the basic functional units of the intelligent switchgear include: IIC (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus controller, bus physical line selector MXU, CHG-DET, VBUS-DET.
  • the basic functions include: a. Can detect the presence or absence of VBUS (USB voltage) signal; b. Can detect DP and DM (DM and DP are USB two differential signals, also called D -, D+) It is in a short circuit state; c. It can detect whether the DP and DM are inserted into the AC adapter or the USB standard downstream port; d.
  • Serial bus 1 or serial bus N; e, can read the detection result and the physical line switching state of DP and DM through IIC.
  • the AC adapter of the application example of the present invention includes: an AC (110V/220V) input unit 01, an AC-DC conversion unit 02, an intelligent bus changeover switch 03, a MICRO USB connector 04, and an AC-DC control unit 05. .
  • the basic AC input unit 01 can be a 220V input of a Chinese mains standard or a 110V input of a European and American mains standard.
  • the unit circuit also includes an EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) overvoltage and overcurrent protection of the AC input.
  • EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
  • the AC-DC conversion unit 02 realizes a converted output of AC to DC direct current.
  • the unit circuit can output two or more voltages, and the output power can be regulated and controlled by the functional unit AC-DC control unit 05, and the output voltage
  • the range may be a typical value of 5V/9V/12V, but is not limited to this typical value.
  • the output current can be 500mA, 900mA, 1A, 1.2A, 1.5A, but not limited to this value. According to the specific implementation.
  • the AC-DC conversion unit 02 outputs a typical value of 5V@1A in an uncontrolled default state.
  • the AC-DC controller unit 05 has general-purpose UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter), IIC, USB and other bus interface communication capabilities, and has a general interface of GPIO (General Purpose Input Output).
  • the functional unit implements several basic functional functions: controlling the output power of the AC-DC conversion unit 02 (the output current and voltage of the AC-DC conversion unit 02 can be adjusted); implementing the interface communication function, reading or setting the intelligent switching switch through the IIC State and its key parameters.
  • AC-DC controller unit 05 and intelligent interface bus switch 03 are a dedicated integrated IC that integrates both the functional unit AC-DC controller unit 05 and the intelligent interface bus switch 03 into an IC (Integrated Circuit) to form a function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned AC-DC controller unit 05 and intelligent interface bus switch 03 can also be realized by independent general-purpose ICs or other circuit components.
  • the 220V/110V AC input line is connected to the AC input unit 01 and its output is connected to
  • the input of the AC-DC conversion unit 02, the 220V/110V AC is converted by the AC-DC conversion unit 02, and the DC power output VUBS is connected to the power pin of the MICRO USB connector 04 as an output of the AC adapter; the MICRO USB connection
  • the physical lines of DP and DM on device 04 are connected to the DP and DM pins corresponding to the USB interface of the intelligent bus switch 03, and the external bus of the intelligent bus switch 03 is connected to the R (0 ohm or less than 100 ohms).
  • the DP and DM pins of the intelligent bus switch 03 are physically connected to the A bus; the IIC bus interface of the intelligent bus switch 03 is connected to the IIC bus interface of the AC-DC control unit 05, and the AC-DC control unit 05 passes the GPIO. Connecting with the AC-DC conversion unit 02 realizes control of the output power of the AC-DC conversion unit 02.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of charging an AC adapter according to an application example of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 The default output of the VBUS on the AC adapter is 5V@1.5A/5V@1A, and the intelligent bus switch 03 is placed in the A position by default.
  • Step 102 The AC adapter detects whether the DP or the DM has a signal, and if not, remains silent. Confirm the status; if yes, detect the status of DP and DM, go to step 103;
  • the intelligent bus switch 03 detects whether the DP and DM are short-circuited and sends a test result.
  • the result value of the sent test is read by the AC-DC control unit, and the corresponding control action is performed in parallel.
  • Step 103 The AC adapter determines whether the charging load supports fast charging. If not, the description is that the normal charging load is inserted, and is kept in the default state; if yes, the process proceeds to step 104;
  • the AC-DC control unit 05 reads the reliable detection result through the IIC bus. If it is not short-circuited, the AC-DC control unit 05 determines that the charging load inserted by the MICRO USB connector 04 is a normal charging load, does not support the fast charging mode, and enters slow. Charge mode.
  • the AC-DC control unit 05 controls the AC-DC conversion unit 02 to output 5V@1.5A/5V@1A or the like according to the slow mode; if it is reliably read to be in the short-circuit state, the AC-DC control unit 05 determines that the MICRO USB connector 04 is The inserted charging load supports the fast charging mode and enters the fast charging mode.
  • Step 104 If the AC adapter meets the requirement of fast load charging, the charging load is quickly charged.
  • AC-DC Control Unit 05 Control AC-DC Conversion Unit 02 Output in Quick Mode
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a charging management device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charging management device for example, a mobile portable electronic product lithium battery charging management device (hereinafter referred to as a charging load)) is installed in the terminal, and includes:
  • the micro USB connector 601 is configured to: connect to the charging device to charge the terminal;
  • the switch 602 is configured to: connect two differential signal lines in the micro USB connector to the control module by default; After the switching signal of the control module is described, the two differential signal lines in the micro USB connector are connected to a resistor;
  • the control module 603 is configured to detect whether the charging device to which the micro USB connector is connected is an AC adapter, and if so, output a switching signal to the switch.
  • control module may be further configured to: notify the switch if the charging of the terminal is completed or the micro USB connector is disconnected from the charging device;
  • the switch can also be set to: after receiving the notification, the micro USB connector Two differential signal lines are connected to the control module.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for charging on a charging management device side according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the method in this embodiment includes:
  • Step 21 The charging management device detects a type of the access device.
  • Step 22 The charging management device sends a fast charging identifier to the AC adapter if the access device is an AC adapter.
  • the charging load of the present example supports fast and slow charging modes, including: MICRO USB connector 11, charging management IC 12, system load, battery, CPU (central processing unit) Small system 15, intelligent bus switch 14.
  • the MICRO USB connector 11 conforms to the USB interface electrical specification, the charge management chip
  • the smart interface bus switch 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention is in the default state, the switch is placed in the position of A, and the DP and DM on the MICRO USB connector 11 and the main control CPU 15
  • the USB interfaces are connected to each other for realizing that the portable electronic product is detected when the charger is inserted, whether the USB downstream port is inserted or the AC adapter with the USB connector is inserted.
  • the main control CPU 15 recognizes the AC adapter, the CPU 15 outputs a switching control signal, and the DP and DM on the MICRO USB connector are switched to the position of the bus B, and the external resistance of the B is small, which can be approximated.
  • the AC adapter side is identified as a charge load access that supports the fast charge mode by monitoring the status of the DP and the DM.
  • the AC adapter's corresponding switching output power is adjusted from 5V@1A to 9V@1A/12V@1A for fast charging.
  • the intelligent interface bus switch 14 can be integrated into the charge management chip 12 to form a dedicated integrated IC according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is dedicated to the charging load side of the embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention
  • the AC side ICs described in the embodiments together form the functional sleeves of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the power pin of the MICRO USB connector 11 is connected to the VIN input pin of the charge management IC 12, and the power output of the charge management IC 12 is connected to the rechargeable battery and the system load and its CPU small system 15.
  • the DP and DM signal pins of the MICRO USB connector 11 are connected to the DP and DM physical pins of the intelligent bus changeover switch 14, and the intelligent bus changeover switch 14 is placed at the position of A by default, A
  • the external pins of the interface are connected to the USB interface pins of the CPU small system 15.
  • the external resistance R of the B interface (0 ohms or less than 100 ohms), the IIC bus interface of the intelligent bus changeover switch 14 is connected to the IIC bus interface pin of the CPU small system 15.
  • the working status of many charging management ICs can be read by the main CPU, and the main CPU can also control the working state of the IC through the IIC bus.
  • FIG. 9 is a flow chart of charging a charging load according to an application example of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the following steps are included:
  • Step 201 In the default state, the CPU small system 15 disables the USB charger type identification function through the IIC bus, places the smart bus switch 14 in the A position, and connects the DP and DM pins of the MICRO USB connector 11 to the CPU. Small system 15 on the pin.
  • Step 202 When the charging load is inserted into the USB interface charger, the CPU small system 15 can recognize whether the inserted USB interface charger is a USB downlink standard interface or an AC charging adapter. If the identification is a USB standard downlink interface, go to step 203; if the AC adapter is identified, go to step 204.
  • Step 203 Keep the default state unchanged, and the charging load is charged according to the USB downlink standard.
  • the charging load enters the fast charging mode; if the fast charging indicator cannot be correctly identified, the charging load enters the slow charging mode.
  • the charging load is restored to the default mode.
  • Scenario 1 The AC adapter of the embodiment of the present invention is used in combination with the charging load of the embodiment of the present invention. The scene.
  • the charging load side When a normal load that supports USB interface charging is inserted, the charging load side will send a signal in the DP/DM, and detect the DM/DP signal change to determine whether the charging load is inserted into the AC adapter or the USB standard downlink interface is inserted. As shown in Figure 1, the switch on the AC adapter side is placed by default. The A position, DP and DM are short-circuited by an external resistor, and the charging load will be recognized as the AC adapter charging mode (see the USB interface battery charging specification for details on adapter identification).
  • the charging load does not support the fast charging mode described in the embodiment of the present invention, and there is no intelligent bus switching switch (for example: LCLC824206/205) according to the present invention, and the physical line connecting the DP and the DM is on the charging load side.
  • CPU's USB interface PHY Physical Layer
  • the intelligent bus switch on the AC adapter side does not detect the insertion of the charger on the DP and DM, and does not recognize the change of the charging mode, and keeps the default state.
  • the corresponding AC-DC conversion unit outputs the default output power of 5V@1.5A/ 5V@1A, that is, the lithium battery charging in the conventional sense, the slow charging method described in this embodiment.
  • Scenario 2 A scenario in which the charging load of the embodiment of the present invention is used in conjunction with the AC adapter/USB standard downstream port of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charging load side intelligent bus switching switch When the charging load of the embodiment of the present invention is inserted into a common AC device or a USB standard downstream port, the charging load side intelligent bus switching switch is placed in the A position by default, and the DP and DM physical signal lines are connected to the host USB interface PHY, and the USB interface function is Normally available, the host can correctly recognize that the inserted AC is the normal AC device and the USB standard downstream port according to the USB interface battery charging specification protocol. If the USB standard downstream port is recognized, the switch remains unchanged, and the charging load is in accordance with the standard USB.
  • the standard downstream mode is used for charging, that is, the slow charging mode.
  • the charging load side switching switch is switched to the B mode, and the DP and DM are short-circuited, which still has no effect on the charging, that is, enters the slow charging state of the AC adaptation mode.
  • the AC adapter and charging load smart switch are placed in the default state.
  • Scenario 3 The working scenario in which the charging load of the embodiment of the present invention is used in conjunction with the AC adapter of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the intelligent interface bus switching switch 03 shown in FIG. 1 is placed at the position A, and the intelligent interface bus switching switch 14 shown in FIG. 2 is placed. A's location.
  • the charging load side first detects that the DP and DM on the AC adapter side are short-circuited, recognizes the AC charger mode, and then switches the intelligent interface bus changeover switch 14 to the B position.
  • the intelligent interface bus switch 14 is switched to the B position, the DP and DM are short-circuited due to the B-position interface resistance.
  • the intelligent interface bus switch 03 on the AC adapter side can detect the short circuit state of the DP and DM, recognizes that the charging load supports the fast charging mode, and notifies the AC-DC control unit 05 to adjust the output power of the AC-DC conversion unit. For example, from conventional The output of 5V@1A is adjusted to 9V@1A, and the output power is increased from 5W to 9W. When the charging load input power is increased, the charging current can be increased accordingly to achieve fast charging. After charging is completed or the charger and charging load are disconnected, the AC adapter and charging load smart switch are placed in the default state.
  • the above technical solution can be realized by adding a bus switch to the conventional charging adapter and the charging load, which is simple and easy to implement; in the USB connector interface mode, the fast charging mode can be used, and the charging demand of the mobile portable electronic product can be used, and the technology is easy to promote.
  • Implementation of the invention compliance with the USB battery charging specification, the voltage comparison type of the related art, the pulse group detection and the pulse counting mode, the reliability is better; the method and the physical implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention are easy to form a unified specification; It is also possible to implement bus communication between the charger and the charging load in the related invention and the embodiment, and implement a more intelligent charging method. Therefore, the present invention has strong industrial applicability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种充电方法、交流电适配器、充电管理装置及终端,该交流电适配器包括:微USB连接器,用于与外部终端连接以对外部终端进行充电;变换模块,用于将接入的交流电变换成直流电后输出给微USB连接器作为输出;接收到控制模块的升压指令后将电压升高到指定值;切换开关,正常默认将所述微USB连接器的两根差分信号线连接到一电阻,当所述微USB连接器与外部终端连接时,检测所述微USB连接器的两根差分信号线是否处于短路状态,如是,则触发所述控制模块,并将所述微USB连接器的两根差分信号线与所述电阻断开;所述控制模块,用于受触发后向所述变换模块发送升压指令。上述技术方案可以实现对移动便携式电子产品锂电池进行快速充电。

Description

一种充电方法、 交流电适配器、 充电管理装置及终端
技术领域
本发明涉及到电池电源充电技术领域, 尤其适合于电池供电的移动便携 式电子产品, 具体涉及到一种基于 USB接口的充电方法、 交流电适配器、 充 电管理装置及终端。
背景技术
移动便携式电子产品越来越受到消费者的青睐, 成为人们日常生活中不 可或缺的生活工具, 人们希望该类型的生活工具, 能随时随地的使用, 方便 与便捷是人们追求的目标。 然后在当今的消费类电池产品中, 电池容易消耗, 需要频繁充电, 且充电时间都比较长, 成为人们使用移动便携式电池供电产 品的一大麻烦。 在此背景下, 根据快速充的基本原理, 提出了一种基于 USB 接口的快 /慢自适应智能充电方法与装置, 快速充电的基本原理简述如下: 如上所述, 移动便携电池供电产品的功能强大, 用户使用频繁, 对供电 电池的要求容量越来越大。例如: 智能手机的电池容量大多在 2000M 及以 上, 市场上所见带 USB接口的便携式 WI-FI和 3G/4G上网设备,产品更是在 4000M 以上。 如果使用主流的 USB接口作为充电器接口, 那么充电电压 典型值 5.0V, 标准 USB下行端口典型充电电流在 100mA/500mA/900mA, 具 体依据 USB接口支持的协议类型而定,基于 USB接口连接器的 AC(交流电 ) 适配器多大在 1A-1.5A之间。 且主流的标准 MICRO USB接口能承受的电流 是 1A左右, 若釆用 1A的电流给 2000M 电池充电需要约 2.5个小时, 4000M 电池需要 4.5个小时, 电池容量越大, 充电时间也就越长。
因此, 若要实现快速充电, 虽然可以增大电池的充电电流, 相应的将增 加充电管理芯片的输入电流。 但是充电管理芯片的输入电流有可能超过 MICRO USB连接器的额定工作电流, 即超过 MICRO USB连接器的通流能 力, 从而销毁 USB连接器。 发明内容
本发明实施例要解决的技术问题是提供一种充电方法、 交流电适配器、 充电管理装置及终端, 以实现对移动便携式电子产品锂电池进行快速充电。
为了解决上述技术问题, 釆用如下技术方案:
一种交流电适配器, 包括微 USB连接器、 变换模块、 切换开关和控制模 块, 其中:
所述微 USB连接器设置成: 与外部终端连接以对外部终端进行充电; 所述变换模块, 与所述微 USB连接器的电源管脚连接, 设置成: 将接入 的交流电变换成直流电后输出给所述微 USB连接器作为输出;接收到控制模 块的升压指令后, 将电压升高到指定值;
所述切换开关设置成:正常默认情况下将所述微 USB连接器的两根差分 信号线连接到一电阻; 当所述微 USB连接器与外部终端连接时, 检测所述微 USB连接器的两根差分信号线是否处于短路状态, 如是, 则触发所述控制模 块, 并将所述微 USB连接器的两根差分信号线与所述电阻断开;
所述控制模块设置成: 受触发后, 向所述变换模块发送升压指令。
可选地, 所述切换开关还设置成: 如检测到所述外部终端与所述微 USB 连接器断开或所述外部终端充电完成, 则通知所述控制模块, 并将将所述微 USB连接器的两根差分信号线连接到所述电阻;
所述控制模块还设置成: 接收到通知后, 向所述变换模块发送恢复电压 指令;
所述变换模块还设置成: 接收到所述恢复电压指令后, 将电压调整为默 认值。
可选地, 所述电阻的值为 0欧姆或者小于 100欧姆。
一种充电方法, 适用于如上所述的任意一种交流电适配器, 包括: 所述交流电适配器接入终端;
所述交流电适配器检测所述终端是否支持快速充电, 如不支持, 则以默 认输出电压对所述终端进行充电; 如支持, 则将输出电压升高到指定值后对 所述终端进行充电。
可选地,所述交流电适配器检测所述终端是否支持快速充电的步骤包括: 检测连接终端的微 USB连接器中的两根差分信号线是否处于短路状态, 如是, 则判定所述终端支持快速充电, 否则判定所述终端不支持快速充电。
一种充电管理装置, 适用于终端, 包括微 USB连接器、 切换开关和控制 模块, 其中:
所述微 USB连接器设置成: 连接到充电装置对所述终端进行充电; 所述切换开关设置成: 默认情况下将所述微 USB连接器中的两根差分信 号线连接到所述控制模块;接收到所述控制模块的切换信号后,将所述微 USB 连接器中的两根差分信号线连接到一电阻;
所述控制模块设置成:检测所述微 USB连接器连接到的充电装置是否是 交流电适配器, 如是, 则向所述切换开关输出切换信号。
可选地, 所述控制模块还设置成: 如检测到所述终端充电完成或所述敖
USB连接器与所述充电装置断开, 则通知所述切换开关;
所述切换开关还设置成:接收到通知后将所述微 USB连接器中的两根差 分信号线连接到所述控制模块。
可选地, 所述电阻的值为 0欧姆或者小于 100欧姆。
一种终端, 包括如上所述的任意一种充电管理装置。
一种充电方法, 适用于如上所述的任意一种充电管理装置, 包括: 所述充电管理装置检测接入设备的类型;
所述充电管理装置如检测所述接入设备是交流电适配器, 则向所述交流 电适配器发出快充标识。
可选地, 所述充电管理装置向所述交流电适配器发出快充标识的步骤包 括: 所述充电管理装置将连接所述交流电适配器的微 USB连接器中的两根差 分信号线连接到一电阻, 所述电阻的值为 0欧姆或者小于 100欧姆。
上述技术方案的充电方法、 交流电适配器、 充电管理装置及终端, 相对 相关技术主要优点体现在: 只要在传统的充电适配器和充电负载上, 增加总 线切换开关即可实现,简单易行;在 USB连接器接口方式实现快速充电模式, 能使用移动便携电子产品的充电需求, 技术易于推广实施; 遵守 USB电池充 电规范, 相对相关技术的电压比较型, 脉冲群检测和脉冲计数方式, 可靠性 更好; 本发明实施例的方法和物理实施方式, 易于形成统一的规范; 本发明 实施例也可以在相关的发明内容和实施方式上, 实施充电器和充电负载之间 的总线通信, 实施更加智能的充电方式。 附图概述
图 1为本发明实施例的 AC适配器的示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例的 AC适配器侧进行充电的方法的流程图; 图 3是本发明实施例的智能充电开关的基本原理的示意图;
图 4是本发明应用示例的 AC适配器的示意图;
图 5为本发明应用示例的 AC适配器进行充电的流程图;
图 6为本发明实施例的充电管理装置的示意图;
图 7为本发明实施例的充电管理装置侧进行充电的方法的流程图; 图 8为本发明应用示例的充电负载的示意图;
图 9为本发明应用示例的充电负载进行充电的流程图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。 需要说明的是, 在 不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
若要实现快速充电, 可以增大电池的充电电流, 相应的将增加充电管理 芯片的输入电流, 但是充电管理芯片的输入电流有可能超过 MICRO USB连 接器的额定工作电流,即超过 MICRO USB连接器的通流能力,从而销毁 USB 连接器。 因此本发明实施例釆用从 AC适配器侧吸收的电流不变, 仍然保持 在 1A左右, 但是提高 USB接口的输入电压, 即提高充电管理芯片的输入功 率(AC适配器的输出功率), 从而提高电池的充电电流, 实现锂电的快速充 电功能。
图 1为本发明实施例的 AC适配器的示意图, 如图 1所示, 本实施例的 AC适配器包括:
微 USB连接器 101设置成: 与外部终端连接以对外部终端进行充电; 变换模块 102, 与所述微 USB连接器的电源管脚连接, 设置成: 将接入 的交流电变换成直流电后输出给所述微 USB连接器作为输出;接收到控制模 块的升压指令后, 将电压升高到指定值;
切换开关 103设置成: 正常默认情况下, 将所述微 USB连接器的两根差 分信号线连接到一电阻; 当所述微 USB连接器与外部终端连接时, 检测所述 微 USB连接器的两根差分信号线是否处于短路状态, 如是, 则触发所述控制 模块, 并将所述微 USB连接器的两根差分信号线与所述电阻断开;
所述控制模块 104设置成: 受触发后, 向所述变换模块发送升压指令。 在一可选实施例中, 所述切换开关, 还可以设置成: 如检测到所述外部 终端与所述微 USB连接器断开或所述外部终端充电完成,则通知所述控制模 块, 并将将所述微 USB连接器的两根差分信号线连接到所述电阻;
所述控制模块 104, 还可以设置成: 接收到通知后, 向所述变换模块 102 发送恢复电压指令;
所述变换模块 102还可以设置成: 接收到所述恢复电压指令后, 将电压 调整为默认值。
图 2为本发明实施例的 AC适配器侧进行充电的方法的流程图, 如图 2 所示, 本实施例的方法包括: 步骤 11、 AC适配器接入终端;
步骤 12、 AC适配器检测所述终端是否支持快速充电, 如检测所述终端 不支持快速充电,则转步骤 13;如检测所述终端支持快速充电,则转步骤 14; 步骤 13、 AC适配器将输出电压升高到指定值后对所述终端进行充电; 步骤 14、 AC适配器以默认输出电压对所述终端进行充电。
本实施例在传统 USB充电管理方法的基础上,釆用一种总线切换开关(例 如: LC824206/205芯片等,或者在现有充电管理芯片和 AC适配控制芯片中, 集成具有本发明实施例的智能总线开关), 通过智能总线开关及其外围电路, 实施了一种智能总线开关实现 USB接口的快 /慢自适应智能充电方法。下面对 智能切换开关进行简要描述和说明, 智能总线切换开关(包括 LC824206/205 芯片, 但不限于此) 。
智能总线切换开关的原理示意图和功能单元的连接关系如图 3所示。 智 能切换开关机所具有的基本功能单元包括: IIC ( Inter-Integrated Circuit, 集成 电路总线)总线控制器,总线物理线路选择器 MXU、 CHG— DET、 VBUS— DET。 所具有的基本功能包括: a、 能单检测到 VBUS ( USB电压)信号的有无; b、 能检测到 DP和 DM ( DM和 DP是 USB两根差分信号 , 也叫 D -、 D+ )是否 处于短路状态; c、 能检测到 DP和 DM插入的是 AC适配器还是 USB标准下 行口; d、 能通过 IIC总线使能 /去使能上述功能, 能通过 IIC总线控制 DP和 DM的物理线路连接串行总线 1或串行总线 N上; e、 能通过 IIC读取检测结 果和 DP和 DM的物理线路切换状态。
如图 4所示, 本发明应用示例的 AC适配器包括: AC ( 110V/220V )输 入单元 01、 AC-DC变换单元 02、 智能总线切换开关 03、 MICRO USB连接 器 04和 AC-DC控制单元 05。
图 4所示, 基本 AC输入单元 01可以是中国市电标准 220V输入或者欧 美市电标准 110V输入,该单元电路还包括 AC输入的 EMC( Electro Magnetic Compatibility, 电磁兼容)过压与过流保护等功能电路。
AC-DC转换单元 02实现 AC交流到 DC直流电的变换输出,该单元电路 能输出两种或两种以上的电压,其输出功率可调控且受功能单元 AC-DC控制 单元 05的控制,输出电压范围可以是典型值 5V/9V/12V,但不限于此典型值。 输出电流可以是典型值 500mA、 900mA, 1A、 1.2A、 1.5A, 但不限于此值, 根据具体实施情况而定。 AC-DC转换单元 02在不受控默认状态下, 输出典 型值为 5V@1A。
AC-DC 控制器单元 05 具备通用 UART ( Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, 通用异步收发器) 、 IIC、 USB 等总线接口通信能力, 具备 GPIO ( General Purpose Input Output, 通用输入 /输出)通用接口。 该功 能单元实现几个基本功能功能: 控制 AC-DC转换单元 02的输出功率(能调 整 AC-DC转换单元 02的输出电流和电压 ) ; 实现接口通信功能, 通过 IIC 读取或设置智能切换开关的状态及其关键参数。
06是将功能单元 AC-DC控制器单元 05和智能接口总线切换开关 03二 者集成到一个 IC ( Integrated Circuit , 集成电路) 中, 形成一个本发明实施例 所述功能的专用集成 IC, 专用在本发明实施例的 AC适配器侧, 使其与本发 明实施例所述的充电管理 IC一起形成本发明实施例所述的功能套片。 同时, 上述 AC-DC控制器单元 05和智能接口总线切换开关 03也可以通过各自独立 的通用 IC或者其它电路元器件实现。
220V/110V 的交流输入线路连接到 AC 输入单元 01 , 其输出连接到
AC-DC变换单元 02的输入, 220V/110V交流经过 AC-DC变换单元 02变换 后输出的直流电 VUBS连接到 MICRO USB连接器 04的电源管脚上, 作为 AC适配器的输出; 所述 MICRO USB连接器 04上的 DP和 DM的物理线路 连接到智能总线切换开关 03的 USB接口对应的 DP和 DM管脚上, 智能总 线切换开关 03的 A总线外接电阻 R ( 0欧姆或者小于 100欧姆) , 默认状态 下智能总线切换开关 03的 DP和 DM管脚和 A总线物理连通;智能总线切换 开关 03的 IIC总线接口与 AC-DC控制单元 05的 IIC总线接口相连接, AC-DC 控制单元 05通过 GPIO与 AC-DC变换单元 02相连接实现对 AC-DC变换单 元 02的输出功率进行控制。
图 5为本发明应用示例的 AC适配器进行充电的流程图, 如图 5所示, 包括如下步骤:
步骤 101、 所述 AC适配器上 VBUS默认输出 5V@1.5A/5V@1A, 智能 总线切换开关 03默认置于 A位置。
步骤 102、 AC适配器检测 DP或 DM是否有信号, 如没有, 保持处于默 认状态; 如有, 则检测 DP和 DM的状态, 转步骤 103;
MICRO USB连接器 04有外部充电负载插入时, 智能总线切换开关 03 检测 DP和 DM是否是短路状态并寄出检测结果。 寄出检测的结果值, 由 AC-DC控制单元进行读取, 并行相应的控制动作。
如切换开关 03检测到 DP和 DM短路, 需要断开 A, 连接到 B。
步骤 103、 AC适配器判断充电负载是否支持快速充电, 如不支持, 说明 插入的是普通充电负载, 保持处于默认状态; 如支持, 则转步骤 104;
AC-DC控制单元 05通过 IIC总线读取可靠的检测结果, 若非短路状态, AC-DC控制单元 05判断为 MICRO USB连接器 04插入的充电负载是普通充 电负载,不支持快速充电模式,进入慢充模式。 AC-DC控制单元 05控制 AC-DC 变换单元 02按照慢速模式输出 5V@1.5A/5V@1A等;若可靠读取到是短路状 态, AC-DC控制单元 05判断为 MICRO USB连接器 04插入的充电负载支持 快速充电模式, 进入快充模式。
步骤 104、 AC适配器如满足负载快充要求, 则对充电负载进行快充。 AC-DC 控制单元 05 控制 AC-DC 变换单元 02 按照快速模式输出
9V@1.5A/5V@1A或 12V@1.5A/5V@1A等。
图 6为本发明实施例的充电管理装置的示意图, 本实施例的充电管理装 置(例如,移动便携式电子产品锂电池充电管理装置(下述简称为充电负载)) 安装在终端内, 包括:
微 USB连接器 601设置成: 连接到充电装置对所述终端进行充电; 切换开关 602设置成: 默认情况下将所述微 USB连接器中的两根差分信 号线连接到控制模块; 接收到所述控制模块的切换信号后, 将所述微 USB连 接器中的两根差分信号线连接到一电阻;
所述控制模块 603设置成:检测所述微 USB连接器连接到的充电装置是 否是交流电适配器, 如是, 则向所述切换开关输出切换信号。
在一可选实施例中, 所述控制模块, 还可以设置成: 如检测到所述终端 充电完成或所述微 USB连接器与所述充电装置断开, 则通知所述切换开关; 所述切换开关, 还可以设置成: 接收到通知后将所述微 USB连接器中的 两根差分信号线连接到所述控制模块。
图 7为本发明实施例的充电管理装置侧进行充电的方法的流程图, 如图 7所示, 本实施例的方法包括:
步骤 21、 充电管理装置检测接入设备的类型;
步骤 22、 充电管理装置如检测所述接入设备是交流电适配器, 则向所述 交流电适配器发出快充标识。
图 8为本发明应用示例的充电负载的示意图, 本示例的充电负载支持快 速和慢速充电模式, 包括: MICRO USB连接器 11、 充电管理 IC 12、 系统负 载、 电池、 CPU (中央处理器) 小系统 15、 智能总线切换开关 14。
其中, MICRO USB连接器 11符合 USB接口电气规范, 充电管理芯片
12支持高电压输入满足高压电池充电功能, 本发明实施例所述的智能接口总 线切换开关 14在默认状态下切换开关置于 A的位置, MICRO USB连接器 11 上的 DP和 DM与主控 CPU15的 USB接口相互连接, 用于实现便携式电子 产品在插入充电器时检测, 插入的是 USB下行端口还是插入带 USB连接器 的 AC适配。 当主控 CPU 15识别为 AC适配器的情况下, CPU15输出切换控 制信号, 将 MICRO USB连接器上的 DP和 DM与切换到总线 B的位置, B 外接阻值很小的电阻, 可以近似的视为短路状态, 同时, AC适配器侧通过对 DP和 DM的状态监测, 识别为支持快充模式的充电负载接入。 AC适配器相 应的切换输出功率, 例如, 从 5V@1A调整到 9V@1A/12V@1A实现快速充 电功能。
此外, 智能接口总线切换开关 14可以集成到充电管理芯片 12中, 形成 一个本发明实施例所述的专用集成 IC, 该 IC专用在本发明实施例所述的充 电负载侧, 使其与本发明实施例所述的 AC侧 IC, 一起形成本发明实施例所 述的功能套片。
MICRO USB连接器 11的电源管脚连接到充电管理 IC 12的 VIN输入管 脚, 充电管理 IC 12的电源输出连接到充电电池和系统负载及其 CPU小系统 15。 MICRO USB连接器 11的 DP和 DM信号管脚连接到智能总线切换开关 14的 DP和 DM物理管脚上, 智能总线切换开关 14默认置于 A的位置, A 接口的外部管脚连接到 CPU小系统 15的 USB接口管脚上。 B接口外电阻 R ( 0欧姆或者小于 100欧姆) , 智能总线切换开关 14的 IIC总线接口与 CPU 小系统 15的 IIC总线接口管脚相连接。
目前很多的充电管理 IC的工作状态是可以通过主 CPU读取的, 主 CPU 也可以通过 IIC总线控制 IC的工作状态。
图 9为本发明应用示例的充电负载进行充电的流程图, 如图 9所示, 包 括以下步骤:
步骤 201、默认状态下, CPU小系统 15通过 IIC总线去使能 USB充电器 类型识别功能,将智能总线切换开关 14置于 A位置,将 MICRO USB连接器 11的 DP和 DM管脚连接到 CPU小系统 15的管脚上。
步骤 202、 当所述充电负载插入到 USB接口充电器时, 由 CPU小系统 15能识别插入的 USB接口充电器是 USB下行标准接口还是 AC充电适配器。 若识别是 USB标准下行接口, 则转步骤 203; 若识别 AC适配器, 则转步骤 204。
步骤 203、保持默认状态不变,充电负载按照 USB下行口标准进行充电。 步骤 204、 CPU小系统 15通过 IIC总线, 使得智能总线切换开关 14切 换开关置于 B位置, DP和 DM进行短路状态, 表示充电负载支持快速充电 模式。
此时 AC充电适配器如果能正确识别充电负载的快充标识, 则充电负载 进入快充模式; 若不能正确识别快充标识, 则充电负载进入慢充模式。 充电 完成或者拔掉 USB线中断充电时, 充电负载恢复到默认模式。
为进一步说明具体实施方式, 下面结合原理示意图和工作流程图对下面 几个工作场景的具体实施予以说明, 如下: 场景一: 本发明实施例的 AC适配器与非本发明实施例的充电负载配合 使用时的场景。
当支持 USB接口充电的普通负载插入, 充电负载侧会在 DP/DM发送信 号,并检测 DM/DP的信号变化来判断充电负载插入的是 AC适配还是插入的 是 USB标准下行接口, 如图 1所示, 由于 AC适配器侧的切换开关默认置于 A位置, DP和 DM是通过外部电阻短接的, 充电负载将识别为 AC适配器充 电模式(适配器识别详细参见 USB接口电池充电规范)。 同时, 充电负载不 支持本发明实施例所述的快充模式, 则不存在本发明所述的智能总线切换开 关 (例如: LCLC824206/205 ) , DP和 DM的物理线路连接在充电负载侧的 主 CPU的 USB接口 PHY ( Physical Layer, 物理层)上。 AC适配器侧的智能 总线切换开关检测不到 DP和 DM上有充电器的插入, 识别不出充电模式的 变化, 保持为默认状态, 相应的 AC-DC 转化单元输出默认输出功率 5V@1.5A/5V@1A, 即传统意义上的锂电池充电, 本实施例所述的慢充方式。
场景二: 本发明实施例的充电负载与非本发明实施例的 AC适配器 /USB 标准下行口配合使用的场景。
当本发明实施例的充电负载插入普通 AC器或 USB标准下行口时, 因充 电负载侧智能总线切换开关默认置于 A位置, DP和 DM物理信号线路连接 到主机 USB接口 PHY上, USB接口功能正常可用, 主机按照 USB接口电池 充电规范协议能正确识别出插入的是普通 AC器和 USB标准下行口, 若识别 出是 USB标准下行口,切换开关保持状态不变, 充电负载按照标传统的 USB 标准下行口方式进行充电, 即慢充模式。 若识别出是 AC适配器模式, 充电 负载侧切换开关切换到 B模式, DP和 DM短路, 对充电仍然不产生影响, 即进入 AC适配模式的慢充状态。 充电结束或者充电器和充电负载断开后, AC适配器和充电负载智能切换开关置于默认状态。
场景三: 本发明实施例的充电负载与本发明实施例的 AC适配器配合使 用的工作场景。 当本发明实施例的充电负载插入到本发明实施例的 AC适配器时,如图 1 所示的智能接口总线切换开关 03置于 A的位置,图 2所示的智能接口总线切 换开关 14置于 A的位置。 充电负载侧首先探测到 AC适配器侧的 DP和 DM 有短路, 识别为 AC充电器模式, 然后将智能接口总线切换开关 14切换开关 切换到 B位置。 当智能接口总线切换开关 14切换到 B位置后, 由于 B位置 接口电阻将 DP和 DM短路。 AC适配器侧的智能接口总线切换开关 03能检 测到 DP和 DM 的短路状态, 识别为充电负载支持快速充电模式, 并通知 AC-DC控制单元 05 调整 AC-DC转换单元的输出功率。 例如, 从常规的 5V@1A的输出调整到 9V@1A, 输出功率从 5W提高到 9W, 则充电负载输 入功率增加, 即可相应的提高充电电流实现快速充电。 充电结束或者充电器 和充电负载断开后, AC适配器和充电负载智能切换开关置于默认状态。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序 来指令相关硬件完成, 所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中, 如只读 存储器、 磁盘或光盘等。 可选地, 上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用 一个或多个集成电路来实现。 相应地, 上述实施例中的各模块 /单元可以釆用 硬件的形式实现, 也可以釆用软件功能模块的形式实现。 本发明不限制于任 何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例, 当然, 本发明还可有其他多种实施例, 在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下, 熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本 发明作出各种相应的改变和变形, 但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明 所附的权利要求的保护范围。
工业实用性
上述技术方案只要在传统的充电适配器和充电负载上, 增加总线切换开 关即可实现, 简单易行; 在 USB连接器接口方式实现快速充电模式, 能使用 移动便携电子产品的充电需求,技术易于推广实施;遵守 USB电池充电规范, 相对相关技术的电压比较型, 脉冲群检测和脉冲计数方式, 可靠性更好; 本 发明实施例的方法和物理实施方式, 易于形成统一的规范; 本发明实施例也 可以在相关的发明内容和实施方式上, 实施充电器和充电负载之间的总线通 信, 实施更加智能的充电方式。 因此本发明具有很强的工业实用性。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种交流电适配器, 包括微 USB连接器、 变换模块、 切换开关和控 制模块, 其中:
所述微 USB连接器设置成: 与外部终端连接以对外部终端进行充电; 所述变换模块, 与所述微 USB连接器的电源管脚连接, 设置成: 将接入 的交流电变换成直流电后输出给所述微 USB连接器作为输出;接收到控制模 块的升压指令后, 将电压升高到指定值;
所述切换开关设置成:正常默认情况下将所述微 USB连接器的两根差分 信号线连接到一电阻; 当所述微 USB连接器与外部终端连接时, 检测所述微 USB连接器的两根差分信号线是否处于短路状态, 如是, 则触发所述控制模 块, 并将所述微 USB连接器的两根差分信号线与所述电阻断开;
所述控制模块设置成: 受触发后, 向所述变换模块发送升压指令。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的交流电适配器, 其中:
所述切换开关还设置成:如检测到所述外部终端与所述微 USB连接器断 开或所述外部终端充电完成, 则通知所述控制模块, 并将将所述微 USB连接 器的两根差分信号线连接到所述电阻;
所述控制模块还设置成: 接收到通知后, 向所述变换模块发送恢复电压 指令;
所述变换模块还设置成: 接收到所述恢复电压指令后, 将电压调整为默 认值。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的交流电适配器, 其中:
所述电阻的值为 0欧姆或者小于 100欧姆。
4、一种充电方法,适用于如权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的交流电适配器, 包括:
所述交流电适配器接入终端;
所述交流电适配器检测所述终端是否支持快速充电, 如不支持, 则以默 认输出电压对所述终端进行充电; 如支持, 则将输出电压升高到指定值后对 所述终端进行充电。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的充电方法, 其中, 所述交流电适配器检测所述终 端是否支持快速充电的步骤包括:
检测连接终端的微 USB连接器中的两根差分信号线是否处于短路状态, 如是, 则判定所述终端支持快速充电, 否则判定所述终端不支持快速充电。
6、 一种充电管理装置, 适用于终端, 包括微 USB连接器、 切换开关和 控制模块, 其中:
所述微 USB连接器设置成: 连接到充电装置对所述终端进行充电; 所述切换开关设置成: 默认情况下将所述微 USB连接器中的两根差分信 号线连接到所述控制模块;接收到所述控制模块的切换信号后,将所述微 USB 连接器中的两根差分信号线连接到一电阻;
所述控制模块设置成:检测所述微 USB连接器连接到的充电装置是否是 交流电适配器, 如是, 则向所述切换开关输出切换信号。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的充电管理装置, 其中,
所述控制模块还设置成:如检测到所述终端充电完成或所述微 USB连接 器与所述充电装置断开, 则通知所述切换开关;
所述切换开关还设置成:接收到通知后将所述微 USB连接器中的两根差 分信号线连接到所述控制模块。
8、 如权利要求 6或 7所述的充电管理装置, 其中,
所述电阻的值为 0欧姆或者小于 100欧姆。
9、 一种终端, 包括如权利要求 6-8任一项所述的充电管理装置。
10、 一种充电方法, 适用于如权利要求 6-8任一项所述的充电管理装置, 包括:
所述充电管理装置检测接入设备的类型;
所述充电管理装置如检测所述接入设备是交流电适配器, 则向所述交流 电适配器发出快充标识。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的充电方法, 其中, 所述充电管理装置向所述交 流电适配器发出快充标识的步骤包括:
所述充电管理装置将连接所述交流电适配器的微 USB连接器中的两根差 分信号线连接到一电阻, 所述电阻的值为 0欧姆或者小于 100欧姆。
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