WO2015107686A1 - Power generation device and system, and optical communication method in power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To stably and continuously perform, even during rotation, one-to-N bidirectional communication or one-way communication between one communication device attached to a static object and a plurality of communication devices attached to a rotary object and isolated from each other. [Solution] A rotary object communication device comprises a static object and a substantially columnar rotary object that rotates about the rotational axis attached to the static object. The rotary object communication device uses light between one static object transceiver (5) installed in the static object and a plurality of rotary object transceivers (61) installed in the rotary object to perform bidirectional optical communication without a brush, in such a way that: a plurality of downstream signals are transmitted from the static object transceiver (5) to a plurality of rotary object receivers (8); and a plurality of upstream signals are transmitted from a plurality of rotary object transmitters (11) to the static object transceiver (5).

Description

Power generation apparatus and system, and optical communication method in power generation apparatus

The present invention relates to a power generation apparatus and system, and an optical communication method in the power generation apparatus, and more particularly, to a power generation apparatus and system including an optical communication device that transmits and receives signals between a rotating body and a fixed body, and an optical communication method in the power generation apparatus. . The present invention can be used, for example, in a rotating electrical machine of a power generation system such as wind power, hydraulic power, thermal power, and lift.

Efforts to use renewable energy are increasing year by year for reducing CO2 emissions, one of the causative agents of global warming, and for stable energy supply. In particular, wind power generation is attracting attention from the viewpoints of environmental compatibility and profitability. Among them, the introduction of offshore wind turbines is expected to increase in the future in order to increase the scale and stabilize the air volume.
However, the offshore wind turbine has a problem that the maintenance cost increases compared to the onshore wind turbine.

Hereinafter, a conventional wind power generation system 101 using an AC excitation generator (DFG: Double-Fed Generator) shown in FIG. 19 will be described as an example. This system includes a blade 62 that rotates by receiving wind, a generator 65 that sends generated power to an electric power system 68, and a power converter 13 that excites a rotor 63 of the generator 65 at a variable frequency. Excitation power to the generator 65 is supplied by bringing the brush 66 into physical contact with the rotor 63. The power converter 13 is composed of, for example, a power device that operates at several kV, and a control signal from the controller 16 is sent via an insulating element 67 such as a photocoupler. Further, this control signal is also generated by the controller 16 based on the sensor signal from the power converter 13 and the like, and the insulating element 67 is similarly used for transmitting the sensor signal. Since the power converter 13 is a two-phase three-phase inverter, the power converter 13 is composed of twelve power devices (two per unit x three phases x two systems). In the power converter 13, the power supplied from the system is AC / DC converted by the six power devices in accordance with the control signal, and further DC / AC converted by the six power devices to be controlled by the rotor of the main generator. Supply power.

In the wind power generation system 101, electric power having a system frequency is supplied from a stator 64 of a variable speed generator. Therefore, the power converter 13 excites the rotor 63 according to the slip which is the difference between the rotational frequency of the slip frequency generator and the system frequency via the brush 66, thereby rotating in synchronization with the frequency of the stator 64. Control to generate a magnetic field. Thus, the frequency control of the power converter 13 enables variable speed operation with respect to wind speed fluctuations, and wind energy in a wide wind speed range can be converted into electric power. This system is a variable speed hydraulic power generation system that has a technical track record, and the capacity of the power converter 13 necessary for variable speed operation may be about 30% of the capacity of the rotating machine, so that the power conversion loss is small. A highly efficient and low-cost power generation system can be realized. However, the power supply to the rotor 63 requires the brush 66, and due to wear of the brush 66, replacement and removal of wear debris are required in about one year.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes an AC excitation generator that does not use a brush for the purpose of providing a rotating electrical machine that can improve power generation efficiency while facilitating maintenance.
In this publication, a rotary exciter and a power converter are provided coaxially with an AC excitation generator, the power of the system is rectified to DC, the stator of the rotary exciter is energized, and the rotor is powered by the principle of a synchronous generator. After the power is supplied, the power converter converts the voltage and frequency to the rotor of the AC excitation synchronous generator so that the power generation operation is performed. According to this configuration, since the power converter is attached to the rotor, the power converter rotates as the rotor rotates. This power converter needs to be controlled according to the rotation of the windmill, but it is described that control signal transmission by optical communication is used in order to receive a control signal brushlessly.

The details of the optical communication technology of the rotating body are disclosed in Patent Document 2, for example. The light emitting / receiving section of the first communication module provided in the first rotating body is composed of light emitting elements and light receiving elements arranged alternately on a circumference around the rotation axis. Similarly, the light emitting / receiving portions of the second communication module provided in the second rotating body having the same rotating shaft as the first rotating body are also alternately arranged on the circumference around the rotating shaft. And the light receiving element, and is arranged to face the light emitting / receiving part of the first communication module. The plurality of light emitting elements of the first communication module all flash simultaneously according to the signal to be transmitted, and this signal is detected by the plurality of light receiving elements of the second communication module. The detected signals are mixed and output by the mixing unit. It is described that the above configuration can realize bi-directional communication between two communication modules stably even during rotation.

Patent Document 3 describes a rotating electrical machine system or a wind power generation system that can improve power generation efficiency while facilitating maintenance.

JP 2002-136191 A JP 2010-074253 A JP 2013-110801 A

In the AC excitation generator described in Patent Document 1, optical communication used as a non-contact communication means with a power converter generally has a narrow communicable area because the signal linearity is strong. In order to perform continuous communication stably even during rotation, it may be necessary to apply an optical communication technique as described in Patent Document 2.

However, the optical communication technique described in Patent Document 2 corresponds to one-to-one communication between a transmission unit and a reception unit, and a controller and a plurality of power devices (and sensors) necessary for the power converter described above. It cannot be applied to 1-to-N communication with the network. The power converter described above is composed of N high-voltage power devices, and these power devices are turned on and off at each timing. Therefore, since insulation is indispensable between the power devices, one-to-N communication is required. Furthermore, in a brushless AC excitation generator, a control signal is generated from various sensing information such as the voltage and current of the power converter. Therefore, it is necessary to exchange the control signal and sensing information by two-way communication. It is said.

In view of the above points, the present invention provides one-to-N bidirectional communication or one-way communication between a communication device attached to a fixed body and a plurality of communication devices attached to a rotating body. The purpose is to carry out communication stably and continuously even during rotation.

According to the first solution of the present invention,
A power generator,
A stationary body for transmitting the electric power generated by the rotational energy to the power system;
A rotating body for rotating around a rotating shaft attached to the fixed body;
A plurality of sensors for measuring a current value of each phase of the inverter and a voltage value of the inverter, a power converter having a plurality of power devices constituting the inverter, and
Based on the current value and voltage value information obtained from the plurality of sensors of the power converter, a current corresponding to a slip frequency is supplied to the rotor to realize synchronization with the power system of the generated power. A controller for generating a control signal for outputting the control signal to the power converter;
The power converter controls the plurality of power devices by the control signal from the controller, and converts the voltage and frequency based on the power supplied from the power system to the rotating body. To synchronize the generated power with the power system,
further,
A plurality of light emitting elements for stationary bodies;
A fixed signal for multiplexing a plurality of downlink signals, which are the control signals for controlling each of the plurality of power devices from the controller, to generate a multiplexed downlink signal, and for simultaneously flashing the plurality of fixed body light emitting elements. A body transmission circuit;
An electrically isolated light receiving element for a rotating body, and extracting the downstream signal from the multiplexed downstream signal input from the light receiving element for the rotating body, and each of the downstream signals of the plurality of power devices A plurality of rotating body receivers having a rotating body receiving circuit that outputs to the power converter as a control signal;
A plurality of stationary light receiving elements;
A fixed body receiving circuit that separates a plurality of upstream signals obtained by multiplexing the plurality of upstream signals received by the plurality of stationary body light receiving elements, and outputs the upstream signals to the controller.
Rotating body light emitting element, and a plurality of rotating body light emitting elements that generate the upstream signal, which is a sensing signal obtained from each of the plurality of sensors, to emit light from the rotating body light emitting element A power generation device including a transmitter is provided.

According to the second solution of the present invention,
A power generation system,
A main generator having a stationary body for transmitting electric power generated by rotational energy to an electric power system, and a rotational body for rotating about a rotation shaft attached to the stationary body;
An auxiliary generator having an auxiliary fixed body, an auxiliary rotating body having a rotation axis common to the rotating body, and
A plurality of sensors for measuring a current value of each phase of the inverter and a voltage value of the inverter, a power converter having a plurality of power devices constituting the inverter, and
Based on the current value and voltage value information obtained from the plurality of sensors of the power converter, a current corresponding to a slip frequency is supplied to the rotor to realize synchronization with the power system of the generated power. A controller for generating a control signal for outputting the control signal to the power converter;
By supplying the power of the power system to the auxiliary stationary body of the auxiliary generator, power is supplied to the rotor winding of the auxiliary rotor, and the power converter is supplied from the controller. The plurality of power devices are controlled by the control signal, and voltage and frequency converted based on the power supplied from the power system are supplied to the rotating body to synchronize the generated power with the power system. Realized,
further,
A plurality of light emitting elements for stationary bodies;
A fixed signal for multiplexing a plurality of downlink signals, which are the control signals for controlling each of the plurality of power devices from the controller, to generate a multiplexed downlink signal, and for simultaneously flashing the plurality of fixed body light emitting elements. A body transmission circuit;
An electrically isolated light receiving element for a rotating body, and extracting the downstream signal from the multiplexed downstream signal input from the light receiving element for the rotating body, and each of the plurality of power devices is converted to each of the downstream signals. A plurality of rotating body receivers having a rotating body receiving circuit that outputs to the power converter as a control signal;
A plurality of stationary light receiving elements;
A fixed body receiving circuit that separates a plurality of upstream signals obtained by multiplexing the plurality of upstream signals received by the plurality of stationary body light receiving elements, and outputs the upstream signals to the controller.
Rotating body light emitting element, and a plurality of rotating body light emitting elements that generate the upstream signal, which is a sensing signal obtained from each of the plurality of sensors, to emit light from the rotating body light emitting element A power generation system including a transmitter is provided.

According to the third solution of the present invention,
An optical communication method in a power generation device,
The power generator is
A stationary body for transmitting the electric power generated by the rotational energy to the power system;
A rotating body for rotating around a rotating shaft attached to the fixed body;
A plurality of sensors for measuring the current value of each phase of the inverter and the voltage value of the inverter, and a power converter having a plurality of power devices constituting the inverter,
Based on the current value and voltage value information obtained from the plurality of sensors of the power converter by the controller, the current corresponding to the slip frequency is supplied to the rotor to synchronize the generated power with the power system. Generating a control signal for realizing the above, and outputting the control signal to the power converter,
The power converter controls the plurality of power devices according to the control signal from the controller, and supplies the rotating body with power converted in voltage and frequency based on the power supplied from the power system, Synchronize generated power with the power system,
The fixed body transmission circuit multiplexes a plurality of downlink signals, which are the control signals for controlling each of the plurality of power devices from the controller, to generate a multiplexed downlink signal, and the plurality of fixed body light emitting elements are simultaneously transmitted. Blink
The downlink signal is extracted from the multiplexed downlink signal input from the electrically isolated rotor light receiving element by each of the rotor reception circuits of the plurality of rotor receivers. Output to the power converter as the control signal of each of the plurality of power devices,
The fixed body receiving circuit separates a plurality of uplink signals obtained by multiplexing a plurality of uplink signals respectively received by the plurality of fixed body light receiving elements into a plurality of the uplink signals and outputs the signals to the controller,
Each of the rotating body transmitter circuits of the plurality of rotating body transmitters generates the upstream signal, which is a sensing signal obtained from each of the plurality of sensors, to cause the rotating body light emitting element to emit light. An optical communication method in the power generation apparatus is provided.

According to the present invention, one-to-N bidirectional communication or one-way communication between a single communication device attached to a fixed body and a plurality of communication devices attached to a rotating body is insulated. Sometimes it can be carried out stably and continuously.

1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an optical communication apparatus according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the fixed body 17 according to the first embodiment when viewed from a length direction of a rotating shaft 18. 4 is a perspective view of the rotating body 19 according to the first embodiment when viewed from a length direction of a rotating shaft 18. FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the fixed body 17 and the rotating body 19 on the A1-A1 ′ plane according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a developed view of a curved surface of a cylinder having the circumferences Xa and Xb and a distance Da according to the first embodiment. 3 is a configuration diagram of a fixed body transceiver 5 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a rotating body receiver 8 and a rotating body transmitter 11 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a modification of geometric arrangement of LED and a photodiode which concern on Embodiment 1 and are mounted in a fixed body. 4 is a modification of the geometric arrangement of LEDs and photodiodes mounted on a rotating body according to the first embodiment. It is a modification of geometric arrangement of LED and a photodiode which concern on Embodiment 1 and are mounted in a fixed body. 4 is a modification of the geometric arrangement of LEDs and photodiodes mounted on a rotating body according to the first embodiment. It is a modification of geometric arrangement | positioning of LED and a photodiode which concern on Embodiment 1 and are mounted in a fixed body and a rotary body. It is a modification of geometric arrangement | positioning of LED and a photodiode which concern on Embodiment 1 and are mounted in a fixed body and a rotary body. 5 is a modified example of the stationary body transceiver 5 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a rotating body transceiver 61 in which a rotating body transmitter and a rotating body receiver according to Embodiment 1 are integrated. 1 is a configuration diagram of a wind power generation system 102 using an optical communication device according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an optical communication apparatus according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a modification of the optical communication device according to the second embodiment. It is a block diagram of the conventional wind power generation system 101 using an alternating current excitation generator. It is explanatory drawing of the circuit regarding the power device and sensor of the power converter.

A. Overview
In the following embodiments, when necessary for the sake of convenience, the description will be divided into a plurality of sections or embodiments. However, unless otherwise specified, they are not irrelevant to each other, and one is the other. There are some or all of the modifications, details, supplementary explanations, and the like.

Further, in the following embodiments, when referring to the number of elements (including the number, numerical value, quantity, range, etc.), especially when clearly indicated and when clearly limited to a specific number in principle, etc. Except, it is not limited to the specific number, and may be more or less than the specific number. Further, in the following embodiments, the constituent elements (including element steps and the like) are not necessarily indispensable unless otherwise specified and apparently essential in principle. Needless to say. Similarly, in the following embodiments, when referring to the shapes, positional relationships, etc. of the components, etc., the shapes are substantially the same unless otherwise specified, or otherwise apparent in principle. And the like are included. The same applies to the above numerical values and ranges.

In all the drawings for explaining the following embodiments, those having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals in principle, and the repeated explanation thereof is omitted.

An example of a typical example of the present embodiment is as follows.
A fixed body, and a substantially cylindrical rotating body that rotates about a rotating shaft attached to the fixed body, and is mounted on the rotating body, and one fixed body transceiver installed on the fixed body A plurality of downstream signals are transmitted from the transmitter / receiver for fixed body to the transmitter / receiver for rotary body using light between the transmitter / receiver for rotary bodies, and the fixed body is transmitted from the transmitter / receiver for rotary bodies. In an optical communication apparatus that performs bidirectional communication by transmitting a plurality of upstream signals to a transceiver for transmitting and receiving, the transceiver for stationary body multiplexes a plurality of stationary body light emitting elements and a plurality of downstream signals to multiplex downstream A fixed body multiplexing means for generating a signal, a plurality of fixed body light receiving elements, a plurality of fixed body separation means for separating a plurality of upstream signals from multiplexed upstream signals into a plurality of upstream signals, The rotating body transceiver is electrically Insulated, at least one rotating body light receiving element, a rotating body separating means for separating the multiple downstream signals input from the rotating body light receiving element into the downstream signals, at least one rotating body light emitting element, And rotator multiplexing means for multiplexing the uplink signal to generate a multiplexed uplink signal.

B. Embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(1) Power generation system
Hereinafter, although the case where it uses for wind power generation as an example is demonstrated, this invention and / or this Embodiment are not restricted to this, It can apply to appropriate power generation systems, such as a hydropower, a thermal power, and a lift.

FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram of a wind power generation system 102 using the optical communication device according to the present embodiment. For a known power generation system, for example, Patent Document 3 can be referred to.
A main generator 80 having a rotor 78 and a stator 79 is connected to an auxiliary generator 71 including a rotor 69 and a stator 70 via a power converter 13. The electric power of the electric power system 68 is energized to the stator 70 of the auxiliary generator 71, and the electric power is supplied to the rotor 69 by the principle of the synchronous generator. The rotor 78 and the rotor 69 have a common shaft as a rotation axis. By rotating with the same shaft, it is guaranteed to rotate on the same axis and at the same speed, and the power converters 13 arranged in the rotors 78 and 69 do not rotate relative to both. The stator 79 winding of the main generator 80 and the stator 70 winding of the auxiliary generator 71 are connected to the power system 68. Since an alternating current having a commercial frequency flows through the electric power system 68, the voltage changes with time, and the rotor 69 of the auxiliary generator 71 for excitation rotates, so that the winding of the rotor 69 is reduced. An induced current corresponding to the rotational speed is generated. The exciting current of the main generator 80 can be passed through the rotor 78 by the induced current generated by the rotation of the rotor 69. Further, in order to generate predetermined power constantly, even when the rotor 79 of the main generator 80 is rotating at a speed different from the synchronous speed, the rotating magnetic field generated by the rotor 78 of the main generator 80 is generated. Is required to be equal to the system frequency. System synchronization of the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field can be realized by supplying a current corresponding to a slip frequency from the rotor 69 of the auxiliary generator 71 to the rotor 78 of the main generator 80 through the power converter 13. In the power converter 13, the power supplied from the system is AC / DC converted by the power device in accordance with a control signal from the controller 16, and further DC / AC converted by another power device. The controller 16 controls the power device by a control signal generated based on the above-described information such as current value and voltage value obtained from a plurality of sensors. After that, the power converter 13 supplies the electric power obtained by converting the voltage and frequency to the rotor 78 of the main generator 80 to perform the power generation operation. Thus, system synchronization of the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field is realized, whereby the wind energy received by the blade 62 is converted into electric energy and transmitted to the power system 68.

In this configuration, since the power converter 13 is attached to the rotors 69 and 78, the power converter 13 rotates as the rotor rotates. Since this power converter 13 needs to be controlled in accordance with the rotation of the blade 62, the control signal is received from the controller 16 in a brushless manner via the fixed body transceiver 5 and the rotating body receiver 8. . Furthermore, since a control signal is generated from various sensing information on the rotor side, sensing information from the sensor in the power converter 13 is not transmitted via the transmitter 11 for the rotator and the transceiver 5 for the fixed body. The contact is received by the controller 16. The power converter 13 may be provided with a breaker in parallel. Thereby, the power converter 13 can be protected from excessive electric power applied at the time of a system failure. In addition, this embodiment can be applied to a system to which a speed increaser is added. Also, by installing a plurality of fixed body transceivers 5, a rotating body receiver 8, and a rotating body receiver 11 in parallel, or by installing a plurality of respective transmission circuits and reception circuits in parallel. A more reliable wind power generation system can be realized.

(2) Optical communication device
Hereinafter, an optical communication apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical communication apparatus. The optical communication apparatus includes a fixed body transceiver 5 attached to a fixed body, a plurality of rotating body transmitters 11 and a plurality of rotating body receivers 8 attached to the rotating body, and is attached to the fixed body. It is used for bidirectional non-contact communication between the controller 16 and the power converter 13 attached to the rotating body. The power converter 13 includes a plurality of power devices and a plurality of sensors.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of a circuit related to the power device and the sensor of the power converter 13. As shown in the figure, for example, in the wind power generation system, the power converter 13 is a two-phase three-phase inverter, and thus is configured with twelve power devices (two per unit x three phases x two systems). Moreover, in order to sense the current values of the three phases for two systems (3 × 2) and the voltage value of the inverter (one), seven sensors are required. The controller 16 controls the power device 12 by a control signal generated based on the information such as the current value and voltage value obtained from the plurality of sensors 14. Each power device operates with a voltage of several kV, for example, and turns on and off at each timing. Therefore, in order to prevent a short circuit between the power devices (particularly between the power devices 12 having the same phase), it is necessary to ensure insulation between the power devices. Although not shown, the power device 12 includes a driver circuit. The fixed body transceiver 5 includes a transmission unit having a plurality of fixed body LEDs 2 and a fixed body transmission circuit 1, and a reception unit having a plurality of fixed body photodiodes 4 and a fixed body reception circuit 3. The plurality of rotating body receivers 8 include a rotating body photodiode 7 and a rotating body receiving circuit 6, and are insulated between the rotating body receivers 8. The plurality of rotating body transmitters 11 include a rotating body LED 10 and a rotating body transmission circuit 9. When the sensor 14 itself is an insulating type, it is not necessary to secure insulation between the plurality of rotating body transmitters 11.

The fixed body transmission circuit 1 up-converts a plurality of control signals input from the controller 16 and converts them into high-frequency control signals. Thereafter, a plurality of high-frequency control signals are synthesized, and the plurality of fixed body LEDs 2 are simultaneously flashed in synchronization with the signals. By flashing all at once, signals can be distributed over a wide range, and stable transmission can be realized even during rotation.
The internal configuration of the fixed body transmission circuit 1 will be described later. The high-frequency control signal emitted from the fixed body LED 2 is received by a plurality of rotating body photodiodes 7 that are rotating. The received high-frequency control signal is input to the rotating body receiving circuit 6, and only the unique signal of each power device 12 is extracted by a filter, re-converted into a control signal, and input to the power device 12 via the drive circuit. Is done. The internal configuration of the rotor receiving circuit 6 will be described later.

On the other hand, sensing signals such as current values and voltage values obtained from the plurality of sensors 14 are A / D converted and input to the rotating body transmission circuit 9 and up-converted to high-frequency sensing signals. In synchronization with this signal, the rotating body LED 10 blinks. The internal configuration of the rotor transmitting circuit 9 will be described later. The high-frequency sensing signal emitted from the rotating body LED 10 is received by a plurality of fixed body photodiodes 4. The plurality of received high-frequency sensing signals are input to the fixed body receiving circuit 3 and synthesized. By this signal synthesis, high-frequency sensing signals from a plurality of sensors 14 can be received over a wide range, and stable reception can be realized even during rotation. The high-frequency sensing signal is distributed again by the fixed body receiving circuit 3, separated into high-frequency sensing signals for each sensor by a filter, reconverted into a sensing signal, and input to the controller 16. The controller 16 generates a control signal based on the obtained information such as current value and voltage value. The internal configuration of the fixed body receiving circuit 3 will be described later.

Also, in the generator, there are switching noise of the inverter having a frequency range up to about 500 MHz and magnetic field noise from the motor, which greatly affects the communication quality. Therefore, it is desirable that the fixed body transmitting circuit 1, the fixed body receiving circuit 3, the rotating body transmitting circuit 9, the rotating body receiving circuit 6 and the like be packaged with a material having a shielding effect against electromagnetic waves and magnetic fields.

In addition, insulation is indispensable between the rotating body receivers 8 connected to each power device 12, and they are separated by at least the minimum creepage distance determined by safety standards (for example, JISC1010-1). This is to prevent the occurrence of so-called creeping discharge, in which a dendritic discharge path is formed along the surface of the dielectric by corona discharge or spark discharge in the case where there are two electrodes at the boundary between the gas and the dielectric. Is the standard. In general, creeping discharge is an important design item because it occurs at a shorter electrode distance and lower applied voltage than space discharge.

Note that the number of power receivers 8 to be controlled is the same as the number of power devices to be controlled, but the number of fixed body LEDs 2 is not necessarily the same. Can do. The same applies to the fixed body photodiode 4. Moreover, it is also possible to reduce the number of transmitters 11 for rotating bodies by collectively sending sensing signals from one transmitter.

(3) Arrangement of LED and photodiode
Next, the geometrical arrangement of the LEDs and photodiodes mounted on the fixed body and the rotating body will be described with reference to FIGS. The cylindrical rotating body is supported by a rotating shaft in a hollow cylindrical fixed body, and is rotated by a motor around the rotating shaft. Here, in order to facilitate understanding, the description will be made assuming that the fixed body LED, the fixed body photodiode, the rotating body LED, and the rotating body photodiode are all four, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto. As described above.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the fixed body 17 viewed from the length direction of the rotating shaft 18. For simplicity of explanation, only the fixed body LED 2 and the fixed body photodiode 4 are shown. The fixed body LEDs 2 and the fixed body photodiodes 4 are alternately concentrically arranged at equal intervals with a distance r from the center of the rotation shaft 18 as a radius. These are in a positional relationship facing the rotating body photodiode and the rotating body LED. The radius r should be small from the viewpoint of reducing the centrifugal load and reducing the optical signal propagation loss, but it is necessary to care for the influence of light reflection on the rotation axis.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the rotating body 19 viewed from the length direction of the rotating shaft 18. For simplicity of explanation, only the rotating body LED 10 and the rotating body photodiode 7 are shown. Similarly to the fixed body side, the rotating body LEDs 10 and the rotating body photodiodes 7 are alternately arranged concentrically and at equal intervals with a distance r from the center of the rotating shaft 18 as a radius. In the figure, the state rotated by the rotation angle α is indicated by a solid line, and the state before the rotation (rotation angle zero) is indicated by a dotted line.

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the fixed body 17 and the rotating body 19 on the A1-A1 ′ plane shown in FIGS. The fixed body LED 2 and the rotating body photodiode 7 are disposed to face each other with a distance Da. Although the absolute value of the optical signal propagation loss can be reduced as the distance Da is smaller, the amount of fluctuation tends to increase. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures such as reducing the installation radius r described above.

FIG. 5 is a developed view of a curved surface of a cylinder having the circumferences Xa and Xb shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the distance Da shown in FIG. 4 at a height. For simplification of the drawing, only one rotating body photodiode is shown. The fixed body LED 2 has an irradiation region 20 having a beam half width θ. Since each irradiation region is set to be in contact, it can be seen that even if the rotating body photodiode 7 is rotated, it always falls within the irradiation region 20 and the direct wave is covered. In order to cover the entire circumference with the fixed body LEDs, it is only necessary to have N fixed body LEDs expressed by the following equation (1).

In order to reduce the centrifugal load, the distance r can be reduced to such an extent that the light propagation characteristics are not significantly deteriorated due to the influence of the rotating shaft 18. Further, when the beam half-value width θ is large, there is a possibility that the fixed body LED 2 directly leaks into the fixed body photodiode. As a countermeasure, it is effective to install a light shielding plate between the fixed body LED 2 and the fixed body photodiode within a range where the beam half width θ is not shielded. Of course, it goes without saying that this measure is also effective for ensuring isolation between the rotating body LED and the rotating body photodiode. Further, the fixed body LED 2 may irradiate the beam only in the vicinity of the circumference indicated by Xb, thereby suppressing the light propagation loss. For example, it is effective to attach a cylindrical lens to the fixed body LED 2. This technique is effective not only for fixed body LEDs but also for rotating body LEDs.

Also, although LEDs and photodiodes have directivity, a lens can be attached to each to suppress signal intensity fluctuations due to rotation, and communication quality can be kept constant. It is also effective to adjust the gain of the amplifier in the receiving circuit according to the signal strength in order to suppress fluctuations in the signal strength. Since the fluctuation of the signal intensity is periodic depending on the rotation angle, the rotation angle is measured with a rotary encoder attached to the rotating body or fixed body, and the gain of the amplifier is adjusted according to the rotation angle information. May be.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the fixed body transceiver 5 according to the present embodiment. The fixed body transmission circuit 1 includes an oscillator 40, a high frequency switch 41, a signal synthesizer 42, and a driver IC group 43. The plurality of oscillators 40 are provided corresponding to each of the plurality of fixed body LEDs 2. Each of the plurality of oscillators 40 has a unique oscillation frequency, and these oscillation frequencies are so-called carrier frequencies, which are separated by a predetermined separation frequency or more. This separation frequency is set by the frequency characteristic of a band-pass filter described later that extracts only the frequency component of the control signal. The output of the oscillator 40 is turned on / off by the high frequency switch 41 according to the frequency of the control signal from the controller, and converted into a high frequency control signal. By doing so, it is determined as Low when communication is interrupted, so that a fail-safe function is realized. A plurality of high-frequency control signals converted in the same manner are input to the driver IC 43 group. The driver IC group 43 includes a plurality of driver ICs having a function of adjusting current values to be output to the plurality of fixed body LEDs 2 connected to the signal synthesizer 42. The fixed body LEDs 2 can be flashed simultaneously. By flashing all at once, signals can be distributed over a wide range, and stable transmission can be realized even during rotation.

On the other hand, the stationary reception circuit 3 includes a transimpedance amplifier 44, a signal synthesis distributor 45, a bandpass filter 46, a detector 47, and a comparator 48. The plurality of band pass filters 46, the detectors 47, and the comparators 48 are provided corresponding to the plurality of fixed body photodiodes 4, respectively. High-frequency sensing signals from the rotating body received by the plurality of fixed body photodiodes 4 are first converted from current signals to voltage signals by the transimpedance amplifier 44. The converted high-frequency sensing signals are synthesized by the signal synthesis / distributor 45. By this signal synthesis, high-frequency sensing signals from a plurality of sensors can be received over a wide range, and stable reception can be realized even during rotation. This high frequency sensing signal is distributed again by the signal synthesis distributor 45. The redistributed high-frequency sensing signal is separated into high-frequency sensing signals for each sensor by the band-pass filter 46, envelope detected by the detector 47, and reconverted to the sensing signal. Thereafter, the sensing signal is determined to be High / Low by the comparator 48 and input to the controller.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the rotating body receiver 8 and the rotating body transmitter 11 in the present embodiment. The rotating body receiving circuit 6 includes a transimpedance amplifier 49, a band pass filter 50, a detector 51, and a comparator 52. The high-frequency control signal from the stationary body received by the rotating body photodiode 7 is first converted from a current signal to a voltage signal by the transimpedance amplifier 49. The plurality of high-frequency control signals thus converted are classified into high-frequency control signals for each power device by the band-pass filter 50, envelope detection is performed by the detector 51, and the signals are reconverted into control signals. Thereafter, the control signal is determined to be High / Low by the comparator 52 and input to each power device.

On the other hand, the rotating body transmission circuit 9 includes an oscillator 55, a high-frequency switch 54, and a driver IC 53. Each of the plurality of oscillators 55 has a specific oscillation frequency, and is different from the oscillation frequency of the oscillator of the above-described stationary body transmission circuit, and is separated by a predetermined separation frequency or more. The output of the oscillator 55 is turned on / off by the high frequency switch 54 according to the frequency of the sensing signal from the sensor, and converted into a high frequency sensing signal. In this example, the sensing signal from each sensor 14 is a digital signal of a current value and a power supply value. For example, the measured value is converted to A / A by the sensor 14 or the transmitter 11 for a rotating body or other circuits. What is necessary is just to comprise so that D conversion may be carried out. The converted high frequency sensing signal is input to the driver IC 53. The driver IC 53 has a role of controlling a current output to the rotating body LED 10 and can blink the rotating body LED 10 in response to a high frequency sensing signal.

(4) Modification
A modification of the geometric arrangement of the LEDs and photodiodes mounted on the fixed body and the rotating body in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, in order to facilitate understanding, the description will be made assuming that the fixed body LED, the fixed body photodiode, the rotating body LED, and the rotating body photodiode are all four, but this embodiment is not limited thereto. Absent.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the fixed body 17 viewed from the length direction of the rotating shaft 18. For simplicity of explanation, only the fixed body LED 2 and the fixed body photodiode 4 are shown. The fixed body LEDs 2 are arranged at equal intervals on a circumference having a radius r1 from the center of the rotating shaft 18. Further, the fixed body photodiodes 4 are arranged at equal intervals on a circumference having a radius of the distance r2. Further, both have an angle difference of 45 degrees around the rotation shaft 18. Thus, by separating the fixed body LED 2 and the fixed body photodiode 4 from each other and improving the isolation between them, it is possible to contribute to realizing high communication quality.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the rotating body 19 viewed from the length direction of the rotating shaft 18. For simplicity of explanation, only the rotating body LED 10 and the rotating body photodiode 7 are shown. The rotating body LEDs 7 are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference with the radius r2 from the center of the rotating shaft 18 so as to face the fixed body side, and the rotating body photodiode 10 has a circumference with the distance r1 as the radius. It is equally spaced above. Further, both have an angle difference of 45 degrees around the rotation shaft 18. In the figure, the state rotated by the rotation angle α is indicated by a solid line, and the state before the rotation (rotation angle zero) is indicated by a dotted line. Mounting closer to the rotation axis reduces the centrifugal load and optical signal propagation loss, but it is necessary to consider the effect of light reflection on the rotation axis.

Similarly, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are also modifications of the geometrical arrangement of LEDs and photodiodes mounted on the fixed body and the rotating body in the present embodiment. Here, in order to facilitate understanding, description will be made assuming that four LEDs for fixed bodies and four LEDs for rotating bodies are provided, photodiodes for fixed bodies and twelve photodiodes for rotating bodies are provided. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the fixed body 17 viewed from the length direction of the rotating shaft 18. For simplicity of explanation, only the fixed body LED 2 and the fixed body photodiode group 21 are shown. The fixed body LEDs 2 are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference around the rotation shaft 18. The fixed body photodiode groups 21 are arranged at equal intervals on a circumference having a radius different from that of the fixed body LED 2 as a set of three photodiodes (sub light receiving elements). FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the rotating body 19 viewed from the length direction of the rotating shaft 18. The rotating body LED 10 is disposed so as to face the fixed body photodiode group, and the rotating body photodiode group 22 is disposed so as to face the fixed body LED. By combining the outputs of the three photodiodes (sub-light-receiving elements) with an appropriate combining unit and inputting them to the transimpedance amplifier, the sensitivity can be maintained even if the light receiving area of the photodiodes is reduced to 1/3. it can. Therefore, according to this modification, the response speed of the photodiode can be improved by reducing the light receiving area, and high-speed communication and low-delay communication can be realized.

In the present embodiment, the description has been made by arranging the LED and the photodiode on the planar portion of the cylindrical rotating body and the stationary body, but it is also possible to attach the curved surface of the cylindrical body as shown in FIG. The fixed body LED 2 and the fixed body photodiode 4 are arranged at equiangular intervals on the curved surface portion of the fixed body 17, and the rotating body LED 10 and the rotating body photodiode 7 are arranged at equiangular intervals on the curved surface portion of the rotating shaft 18. Has been. The LED and the photodiode can be arranged in a space-saving manner and can solve the problem of the arrangement space of the parts such as the motor in the fixed body and heat radiation. FIG. 13 is also an installation example of LEDs and photodiodes. The fixed body LED 2 and the rotating body photodiode 7 are installed on the same plane, and the fixed body photodiode 4 and the rotating body LED 10 are installed on the same plane (not shown). By separating the distance between the two surfaces, the isolation between the fixed body LED 2 and the fixed body photodiode 4 and the isolation between the rotary body LED 10 and the rotary body photodiode 7 are improved. It becomes possible to make it.

FIG. 14 is a modification of the transceiver 5 for fixed body in the present embodiment. A significant difference from the fixed body transceiver 5 described in FIG. 6 is that the received high-frequency sensing signal is once converted to an intermediate frequency. By doing so, the frequency selectivity by a filter can be improved and the sensing signal can be easily extracted. The fixed body transmission circuit 1 includes an oscillator 40, a high frequency switch 41, a signal synthesizer 42, and a driver IC group 43. Each of the plurality of oscillators 40 has a specific oscillation frequency and is separated by a predetermined separation frequency or more. This separation frequency is set by a frequency characteristic of a low-pass filter described later that extracts only the frequency component of the control signal. An example of setting each oscillation frequency will be described later. The output of the oscillator 40 is turned on / off by the high frequency switch 41 according to the frequency of the control signal from the controller, and converted into a high frequency control signal. A plurality of high-frequency control signals converted in the same manner are input to the driver IC 43 group. The driver IC group 43 includes a plurality of driver ICs having a function of controlling currents output to the plurality of fixed body LEDs 2 connected to the signal synthesizer 42. The fixed body LEDs 2 can be flashed simultaneously. By flashing all at once, signals can be distributed over a wide range, and stable transmission can be realized even during rotation. In addition, the oscillator 40 outputs a signal not only to the high frequency switch 41 but also to the mixer 56 of the fixed body receiving circuit 3.

On the other hand, the fixed body receiving circuit 3 includes a transimpedance amplifier 44, a signal synthesis distributor 45, a mixer 56, a low-pass filter 57, a detector 47, and a comparator 48. High-frequency sensing signals from the rotating body received by the plurality of fixed body photodiodes 4 are first converted from current signals to voltage signals by the transimpedance amplifier 44. The converted high-frequency sensing signals are synthesized by the signal synthesis / distributor 45. By this signal synthesis, high-frequency sensing signals from a plurality of sensors can be received over a wide range, and stable reception can be realized even during rotation. This high frequency sensing signal is distributed again by the signal synthesis distributor 45. The redistributed high frequency sensing signal is mixed with the output from the oscillator 40 by the mixer 56 and converted to an intermediate frequency. From this signal, a sensing signal having an intermediate frequency for each sensor is extracted by the low-pass filter 57, envelope detection is performed by the detector 47, and the sensor signal is reconverted into a sensing signal. Thereafter, the sensing signal is determined to be High / Low by the comparator 48 and input to the controller.

FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of a transmitter / receiver 61 for a rotating body in which a transmitter for a rotating body and a receiver for a rotating body are integrated in the present embodiment. A significant difference from the set of the rotator transmitter 11 and the rotator receiver 8 described in FIG. 7 is that the received high-frequency control signal is once converted to an intermediate frequency. By doing so, the frequency selectivity by a filter can be improved and extraction of a control signal can be facilitated. The transmitting / receiving circuit 60 for a rotating body includes a receiving circuit 6 for a rotating body and a transmitting circuit 9 for a rotating body. The rotating body receiving circuit 6 includes a transimpedance amplifier 49, a mixer 58, a low-pass filter 59, a detector 51, and a comparator 52. The rotating body transmission circuit 9 includes an oscillator 55, a high frequency switch 54, and a driver IC 53. The high-frequency control signal from the stationary body received by the rotating body photodiode 7 is first converted from a current signal to a voltage signal by the transimpedance amplifier 49. The plurality of converted high frequency control signals are mixed with the output from the oscillator 55 by the mixer 58 and converted to an intermediate frequency. From this signal, a control signal having an intermediate frequency for each power device is extracted by the low-pass filter 59, envelope detection is performed by the detector 51, and the signal is reconverted into a control signal. Thereafter, the control signal is determined as High / Low by the comparator 52 and is input to the power device. Note that it is assumed that the envelope detection by the detector 51 has variations in detection timing when the converted intermediate frequency is not sufficiently large compared to the frequency of the control signal. In response to this, the oscillator 55 oscillates at a frequency twice that required for the mixer input, divides the frequency by 2, and generates two local signals with a phase difference of 90 degrees. It is effective to arrange them in parallel, to input the local signal to the mixer 58, and to combine the output signal from the low-pass filter 59 and input it to the detector 51. It is also effective to add two components arranged in parallel to the mixer 58 and the low-pass filter 59, add a detector 51 and a comparator 52, and synthesize an output signal from the comparator 52 with an OR circuit or the like. These measures can suppress variations in detection timing.

On the other hand, the sensing signal (digital measurement value) from the sensor is converted into a high frequency sensing signal by turning on and off the high frequency switch 54 connected to the oscillator 55. Each of the plurality of oscillators 55 has a specific oscillation frequency, and is different from the oscillation frequency of the oscillator of the above-described stationary body transmission circuit, and is separated by a predetermined separation frequency or more. An example of setting each oscillation frequency will be described later. The converted high frequency sensing signal is input to the driver IC 53. The driver IC 53 has a role of controlling a current output to the rotating body LED 10 and can blink the rotating body LED 10 in response to a high frequency sensing signal.

In addition to the combined use of the fixed body transceiver 5 shown in FIG. 14 and the rotating body circular transceiver 61 shown in FIG. 15, the fixed body transceiver 5 shown in FIG. 7 is used in combination with the rotating body receiver 8 and the rotating body transmitter 11, or the rotating body circular transceiver 61 shown in FIG. 15 and the fixed body transceiver 5 shown in FIG. 6. May be used in combination.

(5) Examples of frequency settings for each oscillator
Next, an example of setting the frequency of each oscillator will be described. In order to facilitate understanding, as an example, the number of power devices and sensors is the same, and 12 cases each will be described. The description will be made assuming that the maximum frequency is 2500 kHz. Actually, the maximum frequency depends on characteristics such as the rise time of the photodiode (response time, etc.), and this rise time is determined by the capacitance between the terminals of the photodiode and the CR time constant of the load resistance. Depends on the light receiving area of the diode. That is, if the light receiving area of the photodiode is increased in order to reduce the light propagation loss, the rising time of the photodiode increases, and a high frequency cannot be selected. The load resistance depends on the gain setting of the transimpedance amplifier at the subsequent stage. The frequencies of the twelve oscillators of the fixed body transmission circuit are set apart by 800, 950, 1100, ..., 2450 kHz and 150 kHz, respectively. On the other hand, the twelve oscillators of the rotor transmitter are set apart from each other by 150 kHz as in 850, 1000, 1150,. For example, the intermediate frequency signal mixed at a frequency of 950 kHz is 50, 100, 200, 350,. The signal can be extracted. As for the output of other mixers, each signal can be extracted with the same low-pass filter setting. By setting as described above, a plurality of signals can be bidirectionally communicated simultaneously. Note that even when the number of control signals and the number of sensing signals are different, the oscillator can be used only for the local input of the mixer.

As described above, the optical communication apparatus according to the present embodiment has both 1-to-N communication between one communication device attached to the fixed body and a plurality of communication devices attached to the rotating body and insulated from each other. Direction communication can be performed stably and continuously even during rotation.

Also, by applying this embodiment to a wind power generation system, it is possible to realize a wind power generation system that does not use a brush that can improve power generation efficiency while facilitating maintenance.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, communication is performed between the fixed body and the rotating body using light, so that the communication quality is highly resistant to switching noise of the inverter and electromagnetic field noise such as magnetic field noise from the motor. can do.

Hereinafter, an optical communication apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the optical communication apparatus. The optical communication apparatus includes a fixed body transceiver 30 attached to a fixed body, a plurality of rotating body transmitters and a plurality of rotating body receivers attached to the rotating body, and a controller 16 attached to the fixed body. And a two-way non-contact communication between the power converter 13 attached to the rotating body. The power converter 13 has a plurality of power devices and a plurality of sensors. The controller 16 controls the power device 12 by a control signal generated based on information such as the current value and voltage value obtained from the plurality of sensors 14. Each power device operates with a voltage of several kV, for example, and is turned on and off at each timing. Therefore, in order to prevent a short circuit between the power devices, it is necessary to ensure insulation between the power devices. Although not shown, the power device 12 includes a driver circuit. The fixed body transceiver 30 includes a plurality of fixed body laser diode groups 24, a plurality of lenses 25, a transmission unit having a fixed body transmission circuit 23, a plurality of fixed body photodiodes 27, a plurality of optical filters 28, A plurality of lenses 29, and a receiver having a fixed body receiving circuit 26. The plurality of rotating body receivers 35 include a rotating body photodiode 32, an optical filter 33, a lens 34, and a rotating body receiving circuit 31, and are insulated between the respective rotating body receivers. The plurality of rotating body transmitters 39 include a rotating body laser diode 37, a lens 38, and a rotating body transmission circuit 36. When the sensor 14 itself is an insulating type, there is no need to ensure insulation between the plurality of transmitters 39 for the rotating body.

The control signal specific to each power device is input from the controller 16 to the fixed body transmission circuit 23 by the number of power devices. The fixed body transmission circuit 23 distributes these control signals to a plurality of fixed body laser diode groups 24, and simultaneously flashes the plurality of fixed body laser diode groups 24 in synchronization with the signals. By flashing all at once, signals can be distributed over a wide range, and stable transmission can be realized even during rotation. In order to give an appropriate beam half-value width to the output from the laser diode, the lens 25 is attached to the laser diode group 24 for the fixed body. The fixed body laser diode group 24 includes laser diodes having different emission wavelengths corresponding to the number of control signals, and the control signals do not interfere with each other. The control signal emitted from the fixed body laser diode group 24 is received by the rotating plurality of rotating body photodiodes 32 via the lens 34 and the optical filter 33. The lens 34 is used to concentrate light from the laser diode group 24 for the fixed body. The optical filter 33 is a filter that extracts only a specific wavelength, and can extract only a control signal unique to each power device. This control signal is input to the power device 12 via the drive circuit.

On the other hand, sensing signals such as current values and voltage values obtained from the plurality of sensors 14 are input to the rotating body transmission circuit 36. The rotating body transmitting circuit 36 blinks the stationary body laser diode 37 in synchronization with the sensing signal. The light emission wavelength of the fixed body laser diode 37 is different from that of the above-described fixed body laser diode group 24, and it is assumed that the wavelengths are so far apart that it is not necessary to consider interference. The lens 38 is attached to the rotating body laser diode 38 in order to give an appropriate beam half-value width to the output from the laser diode. The sensing signal emitted from the rotating body laser diode 37 is received by the fixed body photodiode group 27 via the lens 29 and the demultiplexer 28. The wavelength of the sensing signal input to the demultiplexer 28 is one of the emission wavelengths of the plurality of rotating body laser diodes 37 or a combination thereof. The demultiplexer 28 has a function of separating these wavelengths and outputting them to the fixed body photodiode group 27. The stationary body receiving circuit 26 synthesizes the sensing signals of these separated wavelengths. By this signal synthesis, sensing signals from the plurality of sensors 14 can be received over a wide range, and stable reception can be realized even during rotation. The synthesized sensing signal is divided into sensing signals corresponding to the respective sensors by the stationary body receiving circuit 26, and is input to the controller 16. The controller 16 controls the information such as the obtained current value and voltage value downward. A signal is generated.

FIG. 18 shows a modification of the optical communication apparatus according to the present embodiment. In particular, the fixed body transceiver 30 is different from the optical communication apparatus described above. The fixed body transceiver 30 includes a plurality of lenses 25, a plurality of optical fibers 75 and 77, an optical fiber distributor 76, a multiplexer 74, a plurality of fixed body laser diode groups 73, and a fixed body transmission circuit 72. A plurality of lenses 29, a plurality of optical fibers 84 and 86, an optical fiber synthesizer 85, a demultiplexer 83, a plurality of fixed body photodiode groups 82, and a receiver having a fixed body reception circuit 81.

The fixed body transmitting circuit 72 receives as many control signals as the number of power devices from the controller 16. The fixed body transmission circuit 72 causes the control signals and the laser diodes of the fixed body laser diode group 73 to correspond one-to-one to blink simultaneously. The fixed body laser diode group 73 is composed of laser diodes having different emission wavelengths corresponding to the number of control signals, and the respective control signals do not interfere with each other. These control signals having different wavelengths are input to the multiplexer 74, combined, and input to one optical fiber 75. These combined control signals are distributed to a plurality of optical fibers 77 by the optical fiber distributor 76, and are irradiated to the rotating body side with an appropriate beam half width by the lens 25. By distributing control signals that are flashed all at once, signals can be distributed over a wide range, and stable transmission can be realized even during rotation. Control signals emitted from the plurality of optical fibers are received by the rotating photodiodes 32 for the rotating body through the lens 34 and the optical filter 33. The lens 34 is used to concentrate light from the laser diode group 24 for the fixed body. The optical filter 33 is a filter that extracts only a specific wavelength, and can extract only a control signal unique to each power device. This control signal is input to the power device 12 via the drive circuit. Here, the plurality of fixed-body laser diode groups 73 and the multiplexer 74 can be configured more simply by using a modulator integrated laser in which these functions are integrated.

On the other hand, sensing signals such as current values and voltage values obtained from the plurality of sensors 14 are input to the rotating body transmission circuit 36. The rotating body transmitting circuit 36 blinks the stationary body laser diode 37 in synchronization with the sensing signal. The light emission wavelength of the fixed body laser diode 37 is different from that of the above-described fixed body laser diode group 73, and it is assumed that the wavelengths are so far apart that it is not necessary to consider interference. The lens 38 is attached to the rotating body laser diode 38 in order to give an appropriate beam half-value width to the output from the laser diode.

The sensing signal irradiated from the rotating body laser diode 37 is input to the plurality of optical fibers 86 through the plurality of lenses 29. The input sensing signals are combined by the optical fiber combiner 85 and output to one optical fiber 84. This sensing signal is received by the fixed body photodiode group 82 via the demultiplexer 83. The wavelength of the sensing signal input to the demultiplexer 83 is a combination of the emission wavelengths of the plurality of rotating body laser diodes 37. By this signal synthesis, sensing signals from the plurality of sensors 14 can be received over a wide range, and stable reception can be realized even during rotation. The demultiplexer 83 has a function of separating these wavelengths and outputting them to the fixed body photodiode group 82. These sensing signals are input to the controller 16 via the stationary body receiving circuit 81, and the controller 16 generates a control signal based on the obtained information such as current value and voltage value.

C. Effects of the embodiment
As described above, the optical communication apparatus according to the present embodiment has both 1-to-N communication between one communication device attached to the fixed body and a plurality of communication devices attached to the rotating body and insulated from each other. Direction communication can be performed stably and continuously even during rotation.

In addition, since it has a configuration using a laser diode with a high response speed and a high degree of condensing, it is possible to realize a communication with higher speed and lower delay.

D. Appendix
In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
Further, a part of a configuration example of a certain embodiment can be replaced with another configuration example of the same embodiment or a configuration example of another embodiment, and the configuration example of a certain embodiment can be replaced with the same embodiment. It is also possible to add configurations of other configuration examples or configuration examples of other embodiments. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

Each of the above-described configurations, functions, processing units, processing means, and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them with, for example, an integrated circuit. Each of the above-described configurations, functions, and the like may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function by the processor. Information such as programs, tables, and files for realizing each function can be stored in a memory, a hard disk, a recording device such as an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a recording medium such as an IC card, an SD card, or a DVD.

Further, the control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for the explanation, and not all the control lines and information lines on the product are necessarily shown. Actually, it may be considered that almost all the components are connected to each other.

1: Transmission circuit for stationary body 2: LED for stationary body
3: Fixed body receiving circuit 4: Fixed body photodiode 5: Fixed body transceiver 6: Rotating body receiving circuit 7: Rotating body photodiode 8: Rotating body receiver 9: Rotating body transmitting circuit 10 : LED for rotating body
11: Transmitter for rotating body 12: Power device 13: Power converter 14: Sensor 16: Controller 17: Fixed body 18: Rotating shaft 19: Rotating body 20: Irradiation area 21: Photodiode group 22 for stationary body: Rotating body Photodiode group 23: Stationary transmitter circuit 24: Stationary laser diode group 25: Lens 26: Stationary receiver circuit 27: Stationary photodiode group 28: Demultiplexer 29: Lens 30: Stationary transmission / reception Device 31: Receiving circuit for rotating body 32: Photodiode for rotating body 33: Optical filter 34: Lens 35: Receiver for rotating body 36: Transmitting circuit for rotating body 37: Laser diode for rotating body 38: Lens 39: Rotating body Transmitter 40: Oscillator 41: High frequency switch 42: Signal synthesizer 43: Driver IC group 44: Transimpedance amplifier 45: Signal synthesizer / distributor 46: Bandpass filter 47: Detector 48: Comparator 49: Transimpedance amplifier 50: Bandpass Filter 51: Detector 52: Comparator 53: Driver IC group 54: High frequency switch 55: Oscillator 56: Mixer 57: Low pass filter 58: Mixer 59: Low pass filter 60: Transmitter / receiver circuit 61 for rotating body: Transmitter / receiver 62 for rotating body: Blade 63: Rotor 64: Stator 65: Generator 66: Brush 67: Insulating element 68: Power system 69: Rotation 70: Stator 71: Auxiliary generator 72: Transmitter for fixed body 73: Laser diode group for fixed body 74: Multiplexer 75: Optical fiber 76: Optical fiber distributor 77: Optical fiber 78: Rotor 79: Stator 80 : Main generator 81: Receiving circuit 82 for stationary body: Photodiode group 83 for stationary body: Demultiplexer 84: Optical fiber 85: Optical fiber combiner 86: Optical fiber 101: Wind power generation system 102: Wind power generation system

Claims (14)

1. A power generator,
   A stationary body for transmitting the electric power generated by the rotational energy to the power system;
   A rotating body for rotating around a rotating shaft attached to the fixed body;
   A plurality of sensors for measuring a current value of each phase of the inverter and a voltage value of the inverter, a power converter having a plurality of power devices constituting the inverter, and
   Based on the current value and voltage value information obtained from the plurality of sensors of the power converter, a current corresponding to a slip frequency is supplied to the rotor to realize synchronization with the power system of the generated power. A controller for generating a control signal for outputting the control signal to the power converter;
   The power converter controls the plurality of power devices by the control signal from the controller, and converts the voltage and frequency based on the power supplied from the power system to the rotating body. To synchronize the generated power with the power system,
   further,
   A plurality of light emitting elements for stationary bodies;
   A fixed signal for multiplexing a plurality of downlink signals, which are the control signals for controlling each of the plurality of power devices from the controller, to generate a multiplexed downlink signal, and for simultaneously flashing the plurality of fixed body light emitting elements. A body transmission circuit;
   An electrically isolated light receiving element for a rotating body, and extracting the downstream signal from the multiplexed downstream signal input from the light receiving element for the rotating body, and each of the downstream signals of the plurality of power devices A plurality of rotating body receivers having a rotating body receiving circuit that outputs to the power converter as a control signal;
   A plurality of stationary light receiving elements;
   A fixed body receiving circuit that separates a plurality of upstream signals obtained by multiplexing the plurality of upstream signals received by the plurality of stationary body light receiving elements, and outputs the upstream signals to the controller.
   Rotating body light emitting element, and a plurality of rotating body light emitting elements that generate the upstream signal, which is a sensing signal obtained from each of the plurality of sensors, to emit light from the rotating body light emitting element A power generation device including a transmitter.
2. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 1,
   The fixed body transmitting circuit is:
   A plurality of fixed-unit oscillators that respectively correspond to the plurality of power devices and generate unique oscillation frequencies separated by a predetermined separation frequency or more;
   A plurality of fixed body high-frequency switches that convert each output of the plurality of fixed body oscillators to a high-frequency signal by turning on and off each of the control signals from the controller and output each downstream signal;
   A signal synthesizer that multiplexes the plurality of downlink signals from the plurality of fixed-body high-frequency switches to generate the multiplexed downlink signal, and distributes the multiplexed downlink signals to the plurality of fixed-body light-emitting elements simultaneously; Prepared,
   
   The stationary body receiving circuit is:
   A plurality of frequency filters for selectively extracting a plurality of the upstream signals;
   A power generation device comprising: a signal synthesis distributor that synthesizes the multiplexed uplink signals received by the plurality of fixed body light receiving elements and distributes the multiplexed uplink signals to the plurality of frequency filters.
3. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 2,
   The transmission circuit for the rotator is
   A plurality of oscillators for rotating bodies that respectively correspond to the plurality of sensors and generate unique oscillation frequencies separated by a predetermined separation frequency or more;
   Each output of the oscillator for rotating body is turned on / off by a digital sensing signal from the sensor, converted to a high frequency sensing signal to generate the upstream signal, and the upstream signal is output to the light emitting element for the rotating body. And a high frequency switch for a rotating body for
   
   The rotating body receiving circuit includes:
   A power generation apparatus comprising: a frequency filter that selectively extracts a specific downlink signal from the multiplexed downlink signal.
4. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 2,
   The stationary body receiving circuit is:
   Each of the upstream signals distributed by the signal combiner / distributor includes a plurality of fixed-body mixers that mix the output from each of the plurality of fixed-body oscillators and convert it to an intermediate frequency signal,
   A power generation apparatus that extracts a sensing signal for each of the sensors from an intermediate frequency signal output from each of the plurality of fixed body mixers.
5. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 3,
   The rotating body receiving circuit includes a rotating body mixer that mixes the multiplexed upstream signal with an output from the rotating body transmitter of the rotating body transmission circuit and converts it into an intermediate frequency signal,
   The power generation apparatus, wherein the control signal is extracted from an intermediate frequency signal output from the rotating body mixer.
6. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 1,
   Each of the plurality of fixed body light-emitting elements is composed of a light-emitting element group including light-emitting element portions having different emission wavelengths corresponding to the number of the control signals,
   The fixed body transmitting circuit is:
   Flashing the light emitting element group of a plurality of fixed body light emitting elements all at once by the control signal of each of the plurality of power devices from the controller,
   
   Each of the plurality of fixed body light receiving elements is constituted by a light receiving element group including light receiving element portions having different light receiving wavelengths, corresponding to the number of sensor signals, and each wavelength of the downstream signal is separated by a demultiplexer, To the light receiving element section of
   The fixed body receiving circuit synthesizes a sensing signal having a separated wavelength from the multiplexed uplink signal received by each of the plurality of fixed body light receiving elements, and then uses the sensing signal of each of the plurality of sensors. Selectively extracting a plurality of the upstream signals;
   
   The light emitting element for a rotating body has a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of sensors, and generates light emission wavelengths that are separated from each other such that interference does not need to be considered,
   The rotating body transmitter outputs the downstream signal from the rotating body light emitting element,
   
   The rotating body receiver includes an optical filter that selectively extracts the downlink signal from the multiplexed downlink signal.
7. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 1,
   The plurality of fixed body light-emitting elements are composed of one light-emitting element group including light-emitting element portions having different emission wavelengths, corresponding to the number of the control signals.
   The fixed body transmitting circuit is:
   A multiplexer that synthesizes the control signals having different wavelengths by the light emitting element group and inputs them to the first optical fiber;
   An optical fiber distributor that distributes the control signal synthesized by the multiplexer and outputs the multiplexed downlink signal from a plurality of second optical fibers;
   
   The plurality of fixed body light receiving elements are composed of one light receiving element group including light receiving element portions having different light receiving wavelengths, corresponding to the number of sensor signals.
   A plurality of third optical fibers each receiving the upstream signal from each of the plurality of rotating body light emitting elements;
   An optical fiber synthesizer that synthesizes sensing signals from each of the plurality of third optical fibers and outputs them to a fourth optical fiber;
   A demultiplexer that separates wavelengths of the multiplexed uplink signals that are combined, and that is input to each of the light receiving element portions of the light receiving element for the fixed body,
   The stationary body receiving circuit outputs the plurality of upstream signals that are the sensing signals of the plurality of sensors,
   
   The light emitting element for a rotating body has a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of sensors, and generates light emission wavelengths that are separated from each other such that interference does not need to be considered,
   The rotating body transmitter outputs the downstream signal from the rotating body light emitting element,
   
   The rotating body receiver includes an optical filter that selectively extracts the downlink signal from the multiplexed downlink signal.
8. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 1,
   The fixed body light-emitting element and the fixed body light-receiving element are each arranged on a circumference having different radii around a rotation axis,
   The rotating body light emitting element is disposed on a circumference of substantially the same radius facing the stationary body light receiving element,
   The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the rotating body light receiving element is disposed on a circumference having substantially the same radius so as to face the fixed body light emitting element.
9. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 1,
   The light emitting element for fixed body and the light receiving element for rotating body are arranged on the same plane perpendicular to the rotation axis direction,
   The power generator according to claim 1, wherein the light receiving element for fixed body and the light emitting element for rotating body are arranged on the same plane perpendicular to the rotation axis direction.
10. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 1,
    At least one of the light receiving element for a fixed body or the light receiving element for a rotating body has a plurality of sub light receiving elements, and includes a combining unit that combines outputs from the sub light receiving elements.
11. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 1,
    At least one of the transmitter / receiver for the fixed body and the transmitter / receiver for the rotating body decreases the gain of the amplifier in accordance with increase / decrease in reception intensity.
12. In the electric power generating apparatus described in Claim 1,
    At least one of the transmitter / receiver for the fixed body and the transmitter / receiver for the rotating body reduces the gain of the amplifier based on information on the rotation angle of the rotating body.
13. A power generation system,
    A main generator having a stationary body for transmitting electric power generated by rotational energy to an electric power system, and a rotational body for rotating about a rotation shaft attached to the stationary body;
    An auxiliary generator having an auxiliary fixed body, an auxiliary rotating body having a rotation axis common to the rotating body, and
    A plurality of sensors for measuring a current value of each phase of the inverter and a voltage value of the inverter, a power converter having a plurality of power devices constituting the inverter, and
    Based on the current value and voltage value information obtained from the plurality of sensors of the power converter, a current corresponding to a slip frequency is supplied to the rotor to realize synchronization with the power system of the generated power. A controller for generating a control signal for outputting the control signal to the power converter;
    By supplying the power of the power system to the auxiliary stationary body of the auxiliary generator, power is supplied to the rotor winding of the auxiliary rotor, and the power converter is supplied from the controller. The plurality of power devices are controlled by the control signal, and voltage and frequency converted based on the power supplied from the power system are supplied to the rotating body to synchronize the generated power with the power system. Realized,
    further,
    A plurality of light emitting elements for stationary bodies;
    A fixed signal for multiplexing a plurality of downlink signals, which are the control signals for controlling each of the plurality of power devices from the controller, to generate a multiplexed downlink signal, and for simultaneously flashing the plurality of fixed body light emitting elements. A body transmission circuit;
    An electrically isolated light receiving element for a rotating body, and extracting the downstream signal from the multiplexed downstream signal input from the light receiving element for the rotating body, and each of the plurality of power devices is converted to each of the downstream signals. A plurality of rotating body receivers having a rotating body receiving circuit that outputs to the power converter as a control signal;
    A plurality of stationary light receiving elements;
    A fixed body receiving circuit that separates a plurality of upstream signals obtained by multiplexing the plurality of upstream signals received by the plurality of stationary body light receiving elements, and outputs the upstream signals to the controller.
    Rotating body light emitting element, and a plurality of rotating body light emitting elements that generate the upstream signal, which is a sensing signal obtained from each of the plurality of sensors, to emit light from the rotating body light emitting element A power generation system including a transmitter.
14. An optical communication method in a power generation device,
    The power generator is
    A stationary body for transmitting the electric power generated by the rotational energy to the power system;
    A rotating body for rotating around a rotating shaft attached to the fixed body;
    A plurality of sensors for measuring the current value of each phase of the inverter and the voltage value of the inverter, and a power converter having a plurality of power devices constituting the inverter,
    Based on the current value and voltage value information obtained from the plurality of sensors of the power converter by the controller, the current corresponding to the slip frequency is supplied to the rotor to synchronize the generated power with the power system. Generating a control signal for realizing the above, and outputting the control signal to the power converter,
    The power converter controls the plurality of power devices according to the control signal from the controller, and supplies the rotating body with power converted in voltage and frequency based on the power supplied from the power system, Synchronize generated power with the power system,
    The fixed body transmission circuit multiplexes a plurality of downlink signals, which are the control signals for controlling each of the plurality of power devices from the controller, to generate a multiplexed downlink signal, and the plurality of fixed body light emitting elements are simultaneously transmitted. Blink
    The downlink signal is extracted from the multiplexed downlink signal input from the electrically isolated rotor light receiving element by each of the rotor reception circuits of the plurality of rotor receivers. Output to the power converter as the control signal of each of the plurality of power devices,
    The fixed body receiving circuit separates a plurality of uplink signals obtained by multiplexing a plurality of uplink signals respectively received by the plurality of fixed body light receiving elements into a plurality of the uplink signals and outputs the signals to the controller,
    Each of the rotating body transmitter circuits of the plurality of rotating body transmitters generates the upstream signal, which is a sensing signal obtained from each of the plurality of sensors, to cause the rotating body light emitting element to emit light. An optical communication method in the power generator.
    
    

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