WO2015103930A1 - 一种利用高空风能的新型拖船 - Google Patents

一种利用高空风能的新型拖船 Download PDF

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WO2015103930A1
WO2015103930A1 PCT/CN2014/095296 CN2014095296W WO2015103930A1 WO 2015103930 A1 WO2015103930 A1 WO 2015103930A1 CN 2014095296 W CN2014095296 W CN 2014095296W WO 2015103930 A1 WO2015103930 A1 WO 2015103930A1
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hull
wind energy
tugboat
novel
altitude wind
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PCT/CN2014/095296
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙小鸣
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孙小鸣
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Publication of WO2015103930A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015103930A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/069—Kite-sails for vessels
    • B63H9/071—Kite-sails for vessels for use in combination with other propulsion means, e.g. for improved fuel economy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/56—Towing or pushing equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/66—Tugs
    • B63B35/68—Tugs for towing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B2001/102—Proas, or similar twin-hull vessels with one main hull and one smaller hull or floater, interconnected by one or more outrigger beams or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
    • Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
    • Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an auxiliary power device for a ship, in particular to a novel tugboat using high-altitude wind energy.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new type of tugboat that utilizes high-altitude wind energy, which can coordinate the weight mechanism and the underwater resistance generating mechanism to convert the wind energy from the high altitude into the drag force of the ship to which it is drawn, thereby Part of the energy saving of the ship.
  • a new type of tugboat utilizing high-altitude wind energy which comprises a water surface platform system, an underwater resistance and heading system and an air powered sail system, and underwater resistance and heading are provided below the water surface platform system
  • the system is connected to the aerial powered sail system above the surface platform system.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the weight system and the underwater resistance generating system can be coordinated to convert the wind energy from the high altitude into the drag force of the ship to which it is drawn, thereby partially saving the energy consumption of the ship.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a water surface platform system and an underwater resistance and heading system
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the underwater drag and heading system
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure after the expansion of the telescopic keel
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure after lifting the water storage tank
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the structure with the first track.
  • a new type of tugboat utilizing high-altitude wind energy includes a surface platform system 1, an underwater resistance and heading system 2, and an aerial power sail system 3, and underwater resistance is provided below the water surface platform system 1.
  • the heading system 2 the upper part of the surface platform system 1 is connected to the air powered sail system 3.
  • the air powered sail system 3 adopts an array of multiple sails, and the air powered sail system 3 is controlled to perform various actions such as 8 characters and circles in the air to maintain the angle of attack of the wind to form the maximum traction force.
  • the water surface platform system 1 includes: a drag device that guides the pulling force of the air power sail system to the pulled ship 4, a weight device for balancing the force component in the vertical direction of the air power sail system pulling the drag device, and the bracket 1-1 And the hull 1-2;
  • the dragging device comprises a steering platform 1-3 and a flexing and bending mechanism 1-4 for adjusting the height of the steering platform 1-3, the flexing mechanism 1-4 is similar to the combined arm of the excavator;
  • the steering platform 1-3 There is a guiding pulley 1-5 through which the tension rope of the air powered sail system is passed; one end of the bracket 1-1 is connected with one side of the hull 1-2; the lower end of the flexing mechanism 1-4 is connected with the hull 1-2 Connected, the upper end of the flexing mechanism 1-4 is connected to the steering platform 1-3; the upper end of the counterweight is connected to the steering platform 1-3, and the lower end of the counterweight passes through the middle of the bracket 1-1 to the water.
  • the weighting device comprises a water storage tank 1-6 and a lifting device; the water storage tank 1-6 is connected with the steering platform 1-3 by a lifting device; the lifting device comprises a guiding telescopic hydraulic cylinder 1-7, and the guiding telescopic hydraulic cylinder 1-7 Mainly to play the guiding and buffering role; the upper end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 1-7 is hinged with the steering platform 1-3, and the lower end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 1-7 is hinged to the water storage tank 1-6. Further, a check valve is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank 1-6. When the water storage tank 1-6 is lifted up, the one-way valve is closed, so that the water storage tank 1-6 is filled with water; when the water storage tank 1-6 is below The check valve is opened, which is advantageous for filling the water storage tank 1-6 with water.
  • the lifting device also includes pulley blocks 1-8, which act primarily to lift the water storage tank 1-6.
  • the pulley block 1-8 includes a driving hydraulic cylinder, a fixed pulley, a movable pulley and a rope; one end of the driving hydraulic cylinder is connected with the fixed pulley, and the other end of the driving hydraulic cylinder is connected with the movable pulley, and the driving hydraulic cylinder is mainly used for changing the fixed pulley and the movable pulley. The distance between them.
  • the fixed pulley is disposed on the lower end surface of the steering platform 1-3; one end of the rope is fixedly connected with the movable pulley, and the other end of the rope is fixedly connected to the water storage tank 1-6 around the fixed pulley.
  • the surface platform system 1 further includes a power drive device 1-9 that pushes the bracket 1-1 and the hull 1-2 to move together, and the power drive device 1-9 is disposed below the bracket 1-1 and/or the hull 1-2.
  • the surface platform system 1 further includes a storage device for storing the air powered sail system, and the storage device is provided with one end of the hull 1-2.
  • the surface platform system 1 further includes a first track 1-10; the first track 1-10 is an arc track, and one end of the first track 1-10 is fixedly connected to one end of the hull 1-2, first The other end of the track 1-10 is fixedly connected to the other end of the hull 1-2; the first track 1-10 is provided with a moving trolley.
  • the tension rope drawn from the guide pulley 1-5 can first bypass the pulley of the drawn ship 4, and then move the trolley Connected, the mobile trolley can move in the first track 1-10.
  • the underwater resistance and heading system 2 includes a plurality of telescopic keel keels 2-1 and a second track 2-2 for facilitating the deployment of a plurality of telescopic keel keels 2-1; a plurality of telescopic keels 2-1 are disposed in the hull 1-2
  • the second track 2-2 penetrates the hull 1-2, and the second track 2-2 is slidably coupled to the hull 1-2.
  • the underwater drag and heading system further includes a traction rope 2-3 for pulling a plurality of telescopic keel keels 2-1.
  • the working principle of the invention is:
  • the present invention relies on a counterweight device to balance the vertical component force generated by the traction, and the underwater resistance and heading system 2 does not substantially function; the air powered sail system 3 is controlled to perform 8 words in the air. , various actions such as circles, keep the angle of attack on the wind to form the maximum traction.
  • the traction is transmitted to the towed vessel 4 in an alternating form, and the hull 1-2 will be close to the vessel 4.
  • the aerial powered sail system 3 will be at an angle to the route.
  • the right swinging flight, while the hull 1-2 oscillates back and forth at a larger angle, the underwater resistance and heading system 2 will function as a "squat keel" to provide forward momentum to the hull 1-2, ensuring The relative position of the tugboat and the towed vessel 4 is unchanged, and in the present case, the power drive unit 1-9 may not be turned on.
  • the hull 1-2 will operate the air powered sail system. 3 first located directly above the hull 1-2, then offset to one side, while adjusting the heading to travel almost perpendicular to the course, so that the "lift" generated by the air powered sail system 3 perpendicular to the airfoil will drag
  • the hull 1-2 is driven to one side quickly, and the multi-piece telescopic keel 2-1 will generate a huge drag force for the towed vessel 4.
  • the air-powered sail system will be operated. 3 offset to the other side, while adjusting the heading to swing to the other side, so "Z"
  • the reciprocating motion is equivalent to the principle of sailing against the wind and provides the maximum drag force to the towed vessel 4.
  • step a and step c still ensures that the combined resultant force of the overall traction vector is consistent with the intended heading.
  • the tugboat action is a combination of step b and step c, and still ensures that the integral resultant force of the overall traction vector is consistent with the predetermined heading.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其包含水面平台系统(1)、水下阻力和航向系统(2)和空中动力风帆系统(3)，水面平台系统(1)的一端下方设置有水下阻力和航向系统(2)，水面平台系统(1)的上方与空中动力风帆系统(3)连接。其有益效果是：可以协调配重系统和水下的阻力生成系统，把来自高空的风能转化成其所牵引的船舶的拖力，从而部分地节约船舶的能耗。

Description

一种利用高空风能的新型拖船 技术领域
本发明涉及一种船舶的辅助动力装置，具体涉及一种利用高空风能的新型拖船。
背景技术
干散船舶和远洋船舶的大型化，使装机容量很大，耗费大量燃料，年消耗在几万吨。
随着燃料价格的日益升高，辅助牵引所节约的燃料成本可观，经济上具有实用性。
目前使用的风力辅助动力技术，各种帆等装置均安装在船舶本身上，无论是利用低空还是高空的风能，这类技术需要进行船体改造，工程量大，和船舶形成的安装接口复杂，所引发的设计，审查，认证工作，周期长而难以预测，实用性和可操纵行差。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种利用高空风能的新型拖船,它可以协调配重机构和水下的阻力生成机构，把来自高空的风能转化成对其所牵引的船舶的拖力，从而部分的节约船舶的能耗。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其包含水面平台系统、水下阻力和航向系统和空中动力风帆系统，水面平台系统的下方设置有水下阻力和航向系统，水面平台系统的上方与空中动力风帆系统连接。
本发明的有益效果是：可以协调配重系统和水下的阻力生成系统，把来自高空的风能转化成对其所牵引的船舶的拖力，从而部分的节约船舶的能耗。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为水面平台系统和水下阻力和航向系统的结构示意图；
图3为水下阻力和航向系统的侧视图；
图4为展开伸缩舭龙骨后的的结构示意图；
图5为抬起储水箱后的结构示意图；
图6为带有第一轨道的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
如图1至图5所示，一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其包含水面平台系统1、水下阻力和航向系统2和空中动力风帆系统3，水面平台系统1的下方设置有水下阻力和航向系统2，水面平台系统1的上方与空中动力风帆系统3连接。优选：空中动力风帆系统3采用多具风帆组成阵列，空中动力风帆系统3在空中时受控做8字、圆圈等各种动作，保持对风迎角，以形成最大的牵引力。
水面平台系统1包括：将空中动力风帆系统的拉力导向被拉船舶4的拖拽装置、用于平衡空中动力风帆系统拉扯拖拽装置的垂直方向上的分力的配重装置、支架1-1和船体1-2；拖拽装置包括转向平台1-3和调整转向平台1-3高度的伸屈机构1-4，伸屈机构1-4类似挖掘机的组合臂；转向平台1-3 上设有方便空中动力风帆系统的拉力绳穿过的导向滑轮1-5；支架1-1的一端与船体1-2的一侧相连接；伸屈机构1-4的下端与船体1-2相连接，伸屈机构1-4的上端与转向平台1-3相连接；配重装置的上端与转向平台1-3相连接，配重装置的下端穿过支架1-1的中部至于水中。
配重装置包括储水箱1-6和升降装置；储水箱1-6与转向平台1-3之间通过升降装置相连接；升降装置包括导向伸缩液压缸1-7，导向伸缩液压缸1-7主要是起到导向和缓存作用；伸缩液压缸1-7的上端与转向平台1-3铰接，伸缩液压缸1-7的下端与储水箱1-6铰接。进一步：储水箱1-6的底部设有单向阀，当储水箱1-6上提时，单向阀关闭，这样可以保证储水箱1-6内存满水；当储水箱1-6下方时，单向阀打开，这样有利于向储水箱1-6注满水。
升降装置还包括滑轮组1-8，滑轮组1-8主要起到升降储水箱1-6的作用。滑轮组1-8包括驱动液压缸、定滑轮、动滑轮、绳索；驱动液压缸的一端与定滑轮相连接，驱动液压缸的另一端与动滑轮相连接，驱动液压缸主要用于改变定滑轮与动滑轮之间的距离。定滑轮设置在转向平台1-3的下端面上；绳索的一端与动滑轮固定连接，绳索的另一端绕过定滑轮与储水箱1-6固定连接。
水面平台系统1还包括推动支架1-1和船体1-2一起运动的动力驱动装置1-9，动力驱动装置1-9设置于支架1-1和\或船体1-2的下方。
水面平台系统1还包括用于存纳空中动力风帆系统的存纳装置，存纳装置设置船体1-2的一端。
如图6所示，水面平台系统1还包括第一轨道1-10；第一轨道1-10为弧形轨道，第一轨道1-10的一端与船体1-2的一端固定连接，第一轨道1-10的另一端与船体1-2的另一端固定连接；第一轨道1-10上设有移动小车。从导向滑轮1-5引出的拉力绳可以先绕过被拉船舶4的滑轮，再与移动小车 相连接，移动小车能够在第一轨道1-10运动。
水下阻力和航向系统2包括多片伸缩舭龙骨2-1和方便多片伸缩舭龙骨2-1展开的第二轨道2-2；多片伸缩舭龙骨2-1设置在船体1-2内；第二轨道2-2穿透船体1-2，且第二轨道2-2与船体1-2滑动连接。多片伸缩舭龙骨2-1收缩后，存储在船体1-2内；使用过程时，首先将第二轨道2-2慢慢下放到水中，多片伸缩舭龙骨2-1沿着第二轨道2-2展开。优选：水下阻力和航向系统还包括用于牵引多片伸缩舭龙骨2-1的牵引绳索2-3。
本发明的工作原理为:
a、当船舶4完全顺风航行时，本发明依靠配重装置来平衡牵引产生的垂直分力,水下阻力和航向系统2基本不起作用；空中动力风帆系统3在空中时受控做8字，圆圈等各种动作，保持对风迎角，以形成最大的牵引力。
在此过程中，牵引力是以交变的形式传递给被牵引的船舶4，船体1-2将靠近船舶4，为了避免这种靠近，空中动力风帆系统3将以与航线成一定角度的方式左、右摆动飞行，同时船体1-2以更大的角度左右往复摆动航行，水下阻力和航向系统2将以起到“舭龙骨”的功能，为船体1-2提供向前的动力，保证拖船与被拖船舶4的相对位置不变，在种情况下动力驱动装置1-9可以不开机。
b、当船舶4在完全逆风航行时，即航向与风向成180度，即为本发明向被拖动船舶4提供拖动力的最为有利的工况，船体1-2将操纵空中动力风帆系统3先位于船体1-2的正上方，然后向一侧偏移、同时调整航向以几乎与航线垂直的方向行驶，这样空中动力风帆系统3的所产生的垂直于翼型的“升力”将拖动船体1-2向一侧快速行驶，多片伸缩舭龙骨2-1将产生巨大的拖力，提供给被拖动的船舶4，到达一侧方向的截止点后，将操纵空中动力风帆系统3向另一侧偏移，同时调整航向向另一侧摆动行驶，如此“Z” 型往复运动，等同于帆船逆风行驶的原理，向被拖动的船舶4提供最大的拖力。
c、当船舶4完全侧风航行时，即航向与风向成90度垂直，船体1-2仍将在被拖动的船舶4的前方以类似Z字型前进，当船体1-2的运动方向迎风时，执行类似于“b”的操纵策略，当船体1-2的运动方向顺风时，执行类似于“a”的操纵策略，同时船体1-2确保两个方向(顺风和迎风)所形成的拖力矢量的积分合力与被拖动的船舶4的既定航线一致。
d、当船舶4在顺侧风向航行时，即航向与风向成锐角，控制水下阻力和航向系统2，调节类水翼和船舵的动作角度，发挥最合适的阻力生成作用，拖船动作为步骤a和步骤c的组合，仍然确保总体牵引矢量的积分合力和既定航向一致。
e、当船舶4在逆侧风航行时，即既定航向和风向成钝角，拖船动作为步骤b和步骤c的组合，仍然确保总体牵引矢量的积分合力和既定航向一致。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:包含水面平台系统(1)、水下阻力和航向系统(2)和空中动力风帆系统(3)，所述水面平台系统(1)的下方设置有所述水下阻力和航向系统(2)，所述水面平台系统(1)的上方与所述空中动力风帆系统(3)连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:所述的水面平台系统(1)包括：支架(1-1)、船体(1-2)、将所述空中动力风帆系统(3)的拉力导向被拉船舶的拖拽装置、用于平衡所述空中动力风帆系统(3)并拉扯所述拖拽装置的垂直方向上的分力的配重装置；所述拖拽装置包括转向平台(1-3)和调整所述转向平台(1-3)高度的伸屈机构(1-4)；所述转向平台(1-3)上设有方便所述空中动力风帆系统(3)的拉力绳穿过的导向滑轮(1-5)；
    所述支架(1-1)的一端与所述船体(1-2)的一侧相连接；所述伸屈机构(1-4)的下端与所述船体(1-2)相连接，所述伸屈机构(1-4)的上端与所述转向平台(1-3)相连接；所述配重装置的上端与所述转向平台(1-3)相连接，所述配重装置的下端穿过所述支架(1-1)的中部至于水中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:所述配重装置包括储水箱(1-6)和升降装置；所述储水箱(1-6)与所述转向平台(1-3)之间通过升降装置相连接；所述升降装置包括导向伸缩液压缸(1-7)；所述伸缩液压缸(1-7)的上端与所述转向平台(1-3)铰接，所述伸缩液压缸(1-7)的下端与所述储水箱(1-6)铰接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:所述升降装置还包括滑轮组(1-8)；所述滑轮组(1-8)包括驱动液压缸、定滑轮、动滑轮、绳索；所述驱动液压缸的一端与所述定滑轮相连接，所述驱 动液压缸的另一端与所述动滑轮相连接；所述定滑轮设置在所述转向平台(1-3)的下端面上；所述绳索的一端与所述动滑轮固定连接，所述绳索的另一端绕过所述定滑轮与所述储水箱(1-6)固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:所述水面平台系统(1)还包括推动所述支架(1-1)和船体(1-2)一起运动的动力驱动装置(1-9)，所述动力驱动装置(1-9)设置于所述支架(1-1)和\或船体(1-2)的下方。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:所述水面平台系统(1)还包括用于存纳所述空中动力风帆系统(3)的存纳装置，所述存纳装置设置所述船体(1-2)的一端。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:所述水面平台系统(1)还包括第一轨道(1-10)；所述第一轨道(1-10)为弧形轨道，所述第一轨道(1-10)的一端与所述船体(1-2)的一端固定连接，所述第一轨道(1-10)的另一端与所述船体(1-2)的另一端固定连接；所述第一轨道(1-10)上设有移动小车。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:所述水下阻力和航向系统(2)包括多片伸缩舭龙骨(2-1)和方便多片所述伸缩舭龙骨(2-1)展开的第二轨道(2-2)；多片所述伸缩舭龙骨(2-1)设置在所述船体(1-2)内；所述第二轨道(2-2)穿透所述船体(1-2)，且所述第二轨道(2-2)与所述船体(1-2)滑动连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:所述水下阻力和航向系统(2)还包括用于牵引多片所述伸缩舭龙骨(2-1)的牵引绳索(2-3)。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述一种利用高空风能的新型拖船，其特征在于:所述空中动力风帆系统(3)采用多具风帆组成阵列。
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