WO2015103909A1 - 一种应用于svg、apf协调控制的装置 - Google Patents

一种应用于svg、apf协调控制的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015103909A1
WO2015103909A1 PCT/CN2014/092753 CN2014092753W WO2015103909A1 WO 2015103909 A1 WO2015103909 A1 WO 2015103909A1 CN 2014092753 W CN2014092753 W CN 2014092753W WO 2015103909 A1 WO2015103909 A1 WO 2015103909A1
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WIPO (PCT)
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voltage
current
svg
apf
collecting device
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PCT/CN2014/092753
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈兵
李群
许杏桃
杨洪金
袁晓冬
史明明
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国家电网公司
江苏省电力公司
江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院
思源清能电气电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2015103909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015103909A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
    • H02J3/1842—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/20—Active power filtering [APF]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of power system power quality and reactive power control and treatment, and particularly relates to a device applied to coordinated control of SVG and APF.
  • Power quality has an important impact on the power supply security and power quality of power systems.
  • a large number of nonlinear and impact loads are connected to the grid, the power grid's own structure and characteristic factors, and some natural factors cause a large amount of harmonic injection.
  • the power grid, as well as voltage imbalance, voltage fluctuations and flicker, cause the power quality of the grid to drop, and may cause power supply reliability degradation and grid accidents.
  • the traditional SVG device can effectively solve the dynamic voltage quality problem of the system.
  • the APF device can effectively solve the dynamic current problem, but the two controls are independent of each other. If the advantages of the two are combined, the two devices can be coordinated and controlled, which can effectively solve the problem.
  • the matching problem between the two can maximize the performance of the two, and achieve the best comprehensive compensation for power quality problems such as transient voltage interruption, harmonic voltage and current, voltage fluctuation and flicker, voltage imbalance.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: for the problem that the current DFACTS devices such as SVG and APF are independent of each other, the object of the present invention is to provide a device for coordinating control between DFACTS devices such as SVG and APF, which realizes the whole The system's power quality and reactive power are comprehensively monitored.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • the utility model relates to a device for coordinating control of SVG and APF, comprising an industrial computer, wherein the industrial control machine is respectively connected with a three-phase voltage collecting device and a three-phase current collecting device through a PCI slot, and the three-phase voltage collecting device is in turn
  • the voltage regulating circuit and the PT are connected to the power grid;
  • the three-phase current collecting device is sequentially connected to the power grid through the current conditioning circuit and the CT;
  • the industrial computer is connected to the SVG and the APF.
  • the foregoing device for applying coordinated control of SVG and APF is characterized in that: the industrial computer is connected to an optical isolating switch input and output board through a PCI slot, and the optically isolated switch input and output board is a PCI2310 switch control card for external use. Control object connections.
  • the device for coordinating control between DFACTS devices such as SVG and APF can realize comprehensive monitoring of power quality and reactive power of the whole system, and can effectively solve various DFACTS devices.
  • the problem of functional matching maximizes the performance of the respective equipment and greatly improves the comprehensive compensation effect on power quality problems such as transient voltage interruption, harmonic voltage and current, voltage fluctuation, flicker and voltage imbalance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a coordination controller of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a coordination controller of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a connection diagram of the analog quantity and the terminal of the acquisition card
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a current sampling input circuit
  • 5a, 5b, and 5c are schematic diagrams of a current sampling conditioning circuit
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage sampling input circuit
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a voltage sampling conditioning circuit.
  • the device for coordinating control of SVG and APF of the invention comprises an industrial computer, wherein the industrial computer is respectively connected with a three-phase voltage collecting device and a three-phase current collecting device through a PCI slot, and the three-phase voltage collecting device sequentially passes voltage conditioning.
  • the circuit and the PT are connected to the power grid; the three-phase current collecting device is sequentially connected to the power grid through the current conditioning circuit and the CT; the industrial computer is connected with the SVG and the APF.
  • the coordinated control device of the invention collects the three-phase voltage and the three-phase current data of the power grid through the collecting device, and then sends the data to the MCU unit through the industrial computer for calculation, because the voltage of the secondary side in the voltage collecting device is up to 100V,
  • the secondary current is 5A, and it is necessary to use CT to convert the primary current with a larger value into a secondary current with a smaller value through a certain ratio; it is necessary to use a PT to pass a large voltage with a certain value.
  • the ratio is converted to a secondary voltage with a small value for protection and measurement.
  • PT The standard secondary voltage used to convert the input voltage to a low voltage level.
  • the integrated method is connected to the acquisition card through an external connection, and finally performs functions such as data acquisition, display, and calculation.
  • Voltage conditioning circuit converts the voltage output from the PT to a lower voltage and connects to the voltage acquisition device.
  • the signal conditioning circuit primarily converts the useful components of the input signal into signals that can be used for the load or the back circuit.
  • CT The primary current with a larger value is converted into a secondary current having a smaller value by a certain ratio and sent to the current conditioning circuit.
  • Current conditioning circuit converts the useful components of the input signal into signals that can be used by the load or the rear circuit.
  • Three-phase voltage collecting device or current collecting device collecting voltage and current signals converted by voltage conditioning circuit and current conditioning circuit for subsequent calculation; continuously collecting three-phase voltage, sampling frequency is higher than 12.8KHz, sampling accuracy is 0.2 level, It is required to collect 15 data; continuously collect three-phase current, and the sampling frequency is higher than 12.8KHz, the sampling accuracy is 0.2, and the required data is 30.
  • MCU unit of industrial computer Calculate real-time data such as voltage, current, frequency, active, reactive, harmonic 2 to 50 times, total distortion rate.
  • the industrial computer is connected to the MCU to implement data interaction and signal delivery.
  • the control principle is to adopt the double closed-loop principle of voltage and current.
  • the voltage on the DC side and the current data on the AC side are received by the acquisition device to the MCU unit of the industrial computer, and then the voltage outer loop and the current inner loop are processed to realize the reactive power compensation.
  • the purpose is to send the calculated reactive data to the SVG through the communication port through the microprocessor to implement the SVG automatic control function.
  • the MCU separates the collected grid current from the current fundamental wave and harmonics, and then uses the harmonic component as the command current signal to drive the inverter main circuit to generate a compensation current equal to the magnitude of the harmonic current in the opposite direction. It is sent to the grid to cancel the harmonic current, thus achieving the filtering function.
  • the reactive power value and compensation current that need to be delivered are calculated according to the collected system voltage and current values, and coordinated control is performed between various DFACTS devices such as SVG and APF to maximize the work of each DFACTS device. Performance, real-time optimal compensation system reactive power and harmonics.
  • a PCI bus isolated high-speed analog input device is adopted in the design, and 32 analog input channels are provided, and the sampling frequency is up to 100 KS/s.
  • 2500V (DC) DC isolation protection is used in order to protect PCs and peripherals from high voltage on the input line during the design process.
  • external triggering is adopted in the design.
  • the circuit can collect data flexibly and has high stability through field verification.
  • the industrial computer is connected to the optically isolated switch input and output board through the PCI slot, and the optically isolated switch input and output adopts PCI2310.
  • the control card has 32 switching inputs and 32 switching outputs.
  • the three-phase voltage and three-phase current are obtained through the collecting device.
  • the control signal can be transmitted to the output terminal.
  • DFACTS device control such as SVG and APF.
  • the external signal can be fed back to the device through the optical isolation switch input board, which is convenient for the user to view the running condition of the device in real time and plays a good monitoring role.
  • optical fiber communication, network communication, CAN communication, and serial port communication can be performed, which is convenient for meeting the communication requirements of different devices.
  • the industrial computer is connected to the CAN expansion module and the serial expansion card through the PCI slot, and the serial expansion card is connected to the SVG and the APF device through the photoelectric converter. Both the CAN expansion module and the serial port expansion module have mature products, and the corresponding functions can be realized through the connection of the PCI slot and the industrial computer.
  • the industrial computer has more than 10 PCI slots.
  • the device applied to the SVG and APF coordinated control has a real-time data refresh frequency of less than 0.5 seconds, and can monitor each switch input node, and can output an instruction such as tripping and alarm according to the corresponding index, and can feed the data back to the computer and Save to the database for subsequent statistical data search.
  • the power supply mode of the industrial computer adopts the AC-DC dual-use method.
  • the UPS and AC power supply scheme can effectively solve the power interference problem, such as power failure, high and low voltage, waveform distortion, frequency instability, and surge protection.
  • the device has a self-test function.
  • the test methods are mainly software self-test and hardware protection. Due to the large number of switch nodes, all relay switches are required to be in good working condition when the system is working. If the relay switch is faulty, it may cause errors in the measurement data, and it may cause damage to the equipment. Therefore, when the coordination controller detects an error or failure of the equipment, it automatically alarms.
  • the self-test of the relay is mainly to run the self-test program to see if the relay can work normally.
  • the simulation of the device body is mainly to disconnect the live circuit and check the relay operation by closing the analog switch on the touch screen.
  • the analog terminal is connected to the terminal of the capture card as shown in Figure 3.
  • the input is a three-phase star connection voltage, and the output is a three-phase line/phase current;
  • the input circuit is shown in Figure 4.
  • the conditioning circuit is shown in Figure 5.
  • R is chosen to be 604 ohms
  • the input circuit is shown in Figure 6;
  • the conditioning circuit is shown in Figure 7.
  • the line voltage is:
  • the data processing of the MCU in the industrial computer includes: calculating real-time data such as frequency, voltage, current, active power, reactive power, total distortion rate, harmonics 2 to 50 times, real-time data refresh frequency is less than 0.5. second.
  • x n is the instantaneous value of voltage and current
  • the sliding window is used in the calculation. After each point is read, the square sum of the current period is updated, that is, the point of the previous cycle is subtracted from the current position plus the current Point, that is, replace the point with the same position of the previous cycle with the current point. Since the RMS calculation uses the sliding window method, in order to avoid the accumulated error, the periodic timing update method is adopted, that is, each period is recalculated from zero to the value of a complete cycle, and the current accumulated value is replaced.
  • the voltage in the program is calculated in kV, the current is in 10A, and the reactive power is in 100kVar; the voltage is displayed in kV, the current is in A, and the reactive power is in 10kVar.
  • the power factor is calculated based on the active power and the reactive power, and the active power and the reactive power are calculated once per week.
  • I 1 is the fundamental wave
  • I h is the harmonic
  • THD I is the current total harmonic distortion rate
  • h is the harmonic frequency
  • M is the maximum harmonic order.
  • the invention has 20 switch input interfaces, monitors the state of each switch input node according to requirements, and displays the input switch amount split position according to requirements.
  • 20 switch output interfaces the output is a passive node signal, the load capacity is 220VAC/0.5A, 220VDC/2A; the output switch quantity should be able to issue alarm, trip and other command signals according to the index requirements.
  • PCI2310 optically isolated input and output board with 32-channel switch-isolated input and 32-channel switch-isolated output. It is used to control the start and stop function of the contactor.
  • the contactor coil is powered by the opening node, so that the whole system works.
  • the isolation board can be used.
  • the semaphore is fed back to the industrial computer, and the display interface is used to give the customer an intuitive understanding.
  • the invention has the functions of multi-channel communication, including: optical fiber communication, network communication, CAN communication, serial communication and the like.
  • the fiber-optic communication board is added, the fiber-optic communication speed reaches 100M speed, and the interface is expanded.
  • the self-developed fiber-optic communication module can realize the data transmission to the device through the optical fiber, and successfully verify in the field. .
  • the whole machine of the invention adopts a drawer type glass door control cabinet, and is convenient for viewing important data of the main interface without opening the cabinet door.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

一种应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置，包括工控机，该工控机通过PCI插槽分别与三相电压采集装置、三相电流采集装置相连接，三相电压采集装置依次通过电压调理电路、PT连接至电网；三相电流采集装置依次通过电流调理电路、PT连接至电网；工控机与SVG、APF连接。该应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置能够对SVG、APF等各种DFACTS设备之间进行协调控制，可以有效的解决各种DFACTS设备之间功能匹配的问题，提高各自设备工作性能，提升对瞬时电压中断、谐波电压电流、电压波动和闪变、电压不平衡等电能质量问题的综合补偿效果。

Description

一种应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电力系统电能质量和无功控制及治理技术领域，特别涉及一种应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置。
背景技术
电能质量对电力系统的供电安全和供电质量有着重要的影响，由于大量的非线性和冲击性负荷并网运行、电网电力设备自身结构和特性因素、以及一些自然因素都造成了大量的谐波注入电网，以及电压不平衡、电压波动和闪变等现象，导致电网电能质量下降，并可能引起供电可靠性降低和电网事故等发生。
传统的SVG装置可以有效的解决系统动态电压质量问题，APF装置可以有效的解决动态电流问题，但两者控制相互独立，如果结合二者的优点，将两种装置进行协调控制，可以有效的解决两者之间的匹配问题，最大程度的提高两者的工作性能，实现对瞬时电压中断、谐波电压电流、电压波动和闪变、电压不平衡等电能质量问题的最佳综合补偿。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：针对当前SVG、APF等DFACTS设备控制相互独立的问题，本发明的目的是提供了一种应用于SVG、APF等DFACTS设备之间协调控制的装置，实现对整个系统的电能质量和无功进行综合监控。
为解决上述技术问题,达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置，包括工控机，其特征在于：所述工控机通过PCI插槽分别与三相电压采集装置、三相电流采集装置相连接，三相电压采集装置依次通过电压调理电路、PT连接至电网；三相电流采集装置依次通过电流调理电路、CT连接至电网；工控机与SVG、APF连接。
前述的应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置，其特征在于：工控机通过PCI插槽与一光隔离开关量输入输出板连接，光隔离开关量输入输出板为PCI2310开关控制卡，用于与外部控制对象连接。
本发明所达到的有益效果：本发明的应用于SVG、APF等DFACTS设备之间协调控制的装置，可实现对整个系统的电能质量和无功进行综合监控，可以有效的解决各种DFACTS设备之间功能匹配的问题，最大程度的提高各自设备工作性能，极大的提升对瞬时电压中断、谐波电压电流、电压波动和闪变、电压不平衡等电能质量问题的综合补偿效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明的协调控制器的原理图；
图2为本发明的协调控制器的结构示意图；
图3为模拟量与采集卡的端子连接图；
图4为电流采样输入电路原理图；
图5a、图5b、图5c为电流采样调理电路原理图；
图6为电压采样输入电路原理图；
图7为电压采样调理电路原理图。
具体实施方式
本发明的应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置，包括工控机，所述工控机通过PCI插槽分别与三相电压采集装置、三相电流采集装置相连接，三相电压采集装置依次通过电压调理电路、PT连接至电网；三相电流采集装置依次通过电流调理电路、CT连接至电网；工控机与SVG、APF连接。
本发明的协调控制的装置，通过采集装置采集到电网三相电压和三相电流数据，然后经过工控机将数据送入MCU单元进行计算处理，由于电压采集装置中二次侧电压最高为100V、电压采集装置中二次侧电流为5A，需要用CT把数值较大的一次电流通过一定的变比转换为数值较小的二次电流；需要用PT把数值较大的一次电压通过一定的变比转换为数值较小的二次电压，用来进行保护和测量。
下面分别对各部分进行说明：
PT：用于将输入电压变换为低电压等级的标准二次电压，综合方法通过外接连线连接到采集卡上，最后进行数据的采集、显示、计算等功能。
电压调理电路：将PT输出的电压变换成更低等级电压，并连接至电压采集装置。信号调理电路主要是将输入信号中的有用成分转换成能为负载或后电路所用的信号。
CT：把数值较大的一次电流通过一定的变比转换为数值较小的二次电流，送至电流调理电路。
电流调理电路：是将输入信号中的有用成分转换成能为负载或后电路所用的信号。
三相电压采集装置或电流采集装置：采集电压调理电路和电流调理电路转换后的电压、电流信号，为后续计算使用；连续采集三相电压，采样频率高于12.8KHz，采样精度为0.2级，要求采集数据为15路；连续采集三相电流，并且采样频率高于12.8KHz，采样精度为0.2级，要求采集数据为30路。
工控机的MCU单元：计算电压、电流、频率、有功、无功、谐波2～50次、总畸变率等实时数据。
为了能有效的对SVG、APF等DFACTS设备起到控制作用，通过工控机连接到MCU来实现数据交互及信号的下发。控制原理是采用电压电流的双闭环原理，通过采集装置将直流侧的电压和交流侧的电流数据接收到工控机的MCU单元，然后进行电压外环和电流内环的处理来实现无功补偿的目的，通过微处理器将计算到的无功数据通过通讯端口发送到SVG，实现SVG自动控制功能。同时MCU将采集到的电网电流分离出电流基波和谐波，再将谐波分量作为指令电流信号，通过控制来驱动逆变器主电路产生与谐波电流方向相反幅值相等的补偿电流，送入电网抵消谐波电流，从而实现滤波的功能。
在控制方面，根据采集到的系统电压、电流值计算出当前需要下发的无功值和补偿电流，对SVG、APF等各种DFACTS设备之间进行协调控制，最大程度的提高各DFACTS设备工作性能，实时最优的补偿系统无功及谐波。
本发明中，为了实现多路采集同时精度较高的目的，在设计中采用了一款PCI总线的隔离高速模拟量输入的装置，提供了32路模拟量输入通道，采样频率高达100KS/s，在设计过程中为了保护PC及外设免受输入线上高电压的损害，采用了2500V(DC)的直流隔离保护，同时为了实现与外部设备进行同步采样，在设计中采用外部触发方式，通过该电路可以灵活的采集数据，经现场验证稳定性高。工控机通过PCI插槽与光隔离开关量输入输出板连接，光隔离开关量输入输出采用PCI2310开 关控制卡，具有32路开关量输入和32路开关量输出，通过采集装置得到三相电压、三相电流，当装置过压、过流时可以将控制信号传递给输出端子，从而起到对SVG、APF等DFACTS设备控制。同时通过光隔离开关量的输入板可以将外部的信号反馈回装置中，便于用户实时查看装置的运行情况，起到很好的监控作用。
本发明中，在通信方面，可以进行光纤通信、网络通信、CAN通信以及串口通信，便于满足不同设备的通信需求。工控机通过PCI插槽与CAN扩展模块、串口扩展卡相连，所述串口扩展卡通过光电转换器与SVG、APF设备相连。对CAN扩展模块以及串口扩展模块都有成熟的产品，通过PCI插槽与工控机连接可以实现相应的功能，工控机具有超过10路的PCI插槽。
本发明的应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置，实时数据刷新频率小于0.5秒，可以监测各个开关量输入节点，根据相应指标可以进行跳闸、告警等输出指令，并可以将数据反馈到电脑上并保存到数据库中，便于后续进行相关数据统计查找。
另外，工控机的供电方式采用交直流双用的做法，采用UPS和交流供电的方案，可有效的解决电源干扰问题，比如停电，高低电压，波形失真，频率不稳，突波保护等问题。
同时，装置具有自检功能，当装置自身发生错误及故障时，自动检测并告警，测试手段主要是软件自检和硬件保护。由于开关节点数较多，所以系统工作时要求所有的继电器开关均处于良好的工作状态。继电器开关故障，容易引起测量数据的错误，也可能造成对设备的损坏，因此，当协调控制器检测到设备出现错误及故障时，自动告警。对继电器的自检主要是通过运行自测程序，看是否能让继电器正常工作，对装置本体的模拟主要是通过断开带电回路，通过在触摸屏上模拟开关的闭合来查看继电器工作情况。
多路电压电流采集数据的具体实现方式如下：
模拟量与采集卡的端子连接见图3。
电流采样计算：
要求：外部输入电压最大值100V(有效值)；
调理关系：
Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-000001
输入为三相星接电压，输出为三相线/相电流；
原理图示意：
输入电路如图4所示；
调理电路如图5所示。
电压采样计算：
要求：外部输入电流最大值5A(有效值)，
内部CT：5A/5mA
调理关系：
Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-000002
本例中，R选择为604欧姆；
原理图示意
输入电路如图6所示；
调理电路如图7所示。
电压电流采样计算：
电流采样输入5A(有效值)
Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-000003
由于电流正弦变化，显示屏变化最大最小值为±4.27
电压采样输入50V(有效值)(三相星接)
Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-000004
线电压为：
Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-000005
由于电压正弦变化，显示屏变化最大最小值为±3.710
为保障输入范围可见，将模拟量电流和电压通道输入范围设置为±10V。
工控机中MCU的数据处理包括：计算频率、电压、电流、有功、无功、总畸变率、谐波2～50次等实时数据，实时数据刷新频率小于0.5 秒。
1)计算电压、电流的有效值X_Rms：
Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-000006
为一个周期采样数，xn为电压电流瞬时值，
通过实时的读取A/DA/D采样值，在计算时采用滑动窗的方式，每读一个点后就更新一下当前周期的平方和，即减去上一个周波同位置的点再加上当前点，也就是用当前点替换掉上一个周波同位置的点。由于有效值计算都采用了滑动窗的方式，为了避免累积误差，采用了周期定时更新的方式，即每个周期均都从零开始重新计算一个完整周期的值，并替换掉当前累积值。
为了尽可能保证精度，程序中计算时电压以kV为单位，电流以10A为单位，无功以100kVar为单位；显示时电压以kV为单位，电流以A为单位，无功以10kVar为单位。
2)利用以下公式计算无功功率Q：
Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-000007
为一个周期采样数u(n)，电压瞬时值；i(n)：电流瞬时值；n:当前采样点；
利用以下公式计算有功功率P：
Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-000008
为一个周期采样数
根据有功功率和无功功率计算功率因数，有功功率和无功功率每周波计算一次。
3)计算总谐波畸变率:采用快速傅立叶变换计算出所有全部谐波含量均方根值，之后与基波均方根值相比得到总谐波畸变率(THD)计算方法如下：
Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-000009
上式中I1为基波，Ih为各次谐波，THDI为电流总谐波畸变率；h为谐 波次数；M为最大谐波次数。
本发明具备20个开关量输入接口,根据要求监测各个开关量输入节点的状态，并根据要求显示输入的开关量分合位置。20个开关量输出接口，输出为无源节点信号，带载能力为220VAC/0.5A,220VDC/2A；输出开关量要能根据指标要求发出告警、跳闸等指令信号。
采用PCI2310光隔离输入输出板，具有32路开关量隔离输入和32路开关量隔离输出。用于控制接触器的启停功能，当系统上电后，通过开出节点，控制接触器线圈得电，从而使得整个系统工作，当外界有信号变化反馈到继电器时，通过隔离板，可以将信号量反馈回工控机，通过显示界面给客户以直观的认识。
为了便于对装置的故障进行记录，将所有事件进行了充分考虑，通过信息获取装置，将外界检测到的信息转换成能被电脑识别的可处理和存储的信息，将所感测到的事件既可以手动触发存储也可以自动存储并且将信息写入到电脑上，对于数据可以自动的形成图表并且以标准数据存储到电脑上。
本发明具备多路通信的功能，包括：光纤通信、网络通信、CAN通信、串口通信等功能。在设计中增加了光纤通信的板卡，光纤通信速率达到100M速度，扩展了接口；针对光纤通信，采用自主研发的光纤通信的模块，可以实现将数据通过光纤传输到设备中，在现场成功验证。
本发明整机采用抽屉式玻璃门控制柜，在不用打开柜门的情况下便于查看主界面的重要数据。
上述实施例不以任何形式限定本发明，凡采取等同替换或等效变换的形式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置，包括工控机，其特征在于：所述工控机通过PCI插槽分别与三相电压采集装置、三相电流采集装置相连接，三相电压采集装置依次通过电压调理电路、PT连接至电网；三相电流采集装置依次通过电流调理电路、CT连接至电网；工控机与SVG、APF连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置，其特征在于：工控机通过PCI插槽与一光隔离开关量输入输出板连接，光隔离开关量输入输出板为PCI2310开关控制卡，用于与外部控制对象连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的应用于SVG、APF协调控制的装置，其特征在于：工控机中MCU的数据处理步骤包括：
    1)计算电压、电流的有效值X_Rms：
    Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-100001
    N为一个周期采样数，xn为电压电流瞬时值，
    通过实时的读取电压采集装置、电流采集装置中的A/D转换电路输出值进行计算，在计算时采用滑动窗的方式，每读一个点后就更新一下当前周期的平方和，即减去上一个周波同位置的点再加上当前点；
    2)利用以下公式计算无功功率Q：
    Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-100002
    N为一个周期采样数，u(n)：电压瞬时值；i(n)：电流瞬时值；n:当前采样点；
    利用以下公式计算有功功率P：
    Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-100003
    N为一个周期采样数；
    根据有功功率和无功功率计算功率因数，有功功率和无功功率每周波计算一次；
    3)计算总谐波畸变率:采用快速傅立叶变换计算出所有全部谐波含量均方根值，之后与基波均方根值相比得到总谐波畸变率THD计算方法如下：
    Figure PCTCN2014092753-appb-100004
    上式中I1为基波，Ih为各次谐波，THDI为电流总谐波畸变率；h为谐波次数；M为最大谐波次数。
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