Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
  • G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
  • G01N33/24—Earth materials

Definitions

• the present invention in general, is directed to an apparatus and a proc analyzing and characterizing the physical and chemical processes occui underground coal seams during UCG process. More specifically, the pr invention relates to the spalling behavior of coal during underground cc gasification.
• Underground coal gasification is an in-situ conversion proc which is present in deep underground seams, to combustible product j the process of UCG, a cavity is formed inside the coal seam d consumption by chemical reactions.
• the extent of sp; particular type of coal is an important input to UCG process model tl the product gas calorific value.
• the present inventors have solved this long-felt need by developing a for studying and quantifying the spalling behavior of coal and a proce the apparatus.
• the invention relates to an apparatus for analyzing and characterizi behavior of coal during underground coal gasification
• the device (10) comprises a suspen (1 1) for suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal h c) placing the device(l O) for monitoring weight of the coa outside a furnace (1) such that the suspension means i through an opening (3) in lid (2) of the furnace(l ) with the (6) within the coal block holder (5) suspended from the de 1 monitoring weight of the coal block (6) and being placed furnace (1 );
• Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the apparatus.
• Fig. 2 illustrates the weight profile of coal block versus time on he coal block under air atmosphere and at a temperature of 700°C.
• the conditio! furnace (1) is maintained analogous to the condition in underground during UCG process.
• the furnace (1) can be made up of any material withstand high temperatures of upto 1300°C and withstand highlj and/or reducing atmosphere. The material can be selected from stai super alloys etc.
• the walls of the furnace (1) is thermally insulated in order to ensu temperature within the furnace (1) is maintained and to minimize the he
• the furnace (1) comprises a heat source (4) placed preferably on i surface thereof. This set-up mimics the underground coal gasificatio:
• the heat source (4) is in the form of a plate or a disc.
• the heath electrical heating or heating can be carried out using any fuel.
• the heat is specifically a disc type heating coil with an Inconnel plate at the I source (4).
• the apparatus comprises a coal block holder (5) for holding a coal bloi coal block holder (5) has an open- bottom (7) with the coal block (6) heat source (4).
• the open bottom (7) of the coal block holder (5) facii source (4) ensures that the coal block (6) gets directly heated from t process.
• the open bottom (7) of the coal block holder (5) has z projections (14) to help in retaining/holding the coal block (6) witl block holder(5).
• the projections (14) can be flanges or metal strips strip may be a slidable/rotatable metal strip such that the coal block ( within the coal block holder (5) and the metal strip is slid/rotated inwa each other so that the coal block (6) is held/retained within the coal t (5).
• the apparatus further has at least one inlet tube (8) for supplying furnace (l).
• the inlet tube (8) is preferably placed between the heat so open bottom (7) of coal block holder(5).
• the gas supplied to the fu selected from air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and/or steam deper reaction in the furnace.
• air, steam and/or oxygen is passed throuj tubes (8) into the furnace (1).
• pyrol nitrogen can be passed through the inlet tubes (8).
• the apparatus further has at least one outlet tube (9) for removing g furnace (l).
• the outlet tube (9) is placed between the heat source (4 bottom (7) of the coal block holder(5).
• the outlet tube (9) is used to ⁇ gas from the furnace (1 ).
• the gas removed is generally the product g after the reactions in the furnace including, but not limited to, combu varying compositions and inert gases like carbon dioxide and ni analysis of the product gas enables the study of the reactions occui underground coal seams during UCG process.
• Pyrolysis is the bn higher hydrocarbon components present in coal at higher temperature char or carbon in solid form and lighter components in gaseous form chemical reactions are combustion, gasification and water gas shift i given below:
• the apparatus also comprises a device (10) for monitoring weight > block (6) at any given point of time.
• the device (10) is placed outside (1) and comprises a suspension means (1 1) for suspending the coal bio the coal block holder (5) in the furnace (1); wherein the suspension : passes through the opening (3) of the furnace lid (2).
• the opening (3) ii is packed around the suspension means (1 1) to ensure complete insulati to minimizing heat loss and eas leakaee.
• the susoension means ( block (6) can be a load cell.
• the load cell may be attached to a data lc record the weights at different time intervals.
• the device (10) comprises a suspei (1 1) for suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal 1 c) placing the device (10) for monitoring weight of the coi outside a " furnace (1) such that the suspension means through an opening (3) in lid (2) of the furnace (1) with tfr (6) within the coal block holder (5) suspended from the d& monitoring weight of the coal block (6) and being placec furnace (1);
• the product gas is collected from the outlet tube and can be analyzi Chromatograph (GC) for studying its components and thereby cal calorific value or understanding the reactions occurring in the underj seams.
• GC analyzi Chromatograph
• Other equipments like GC-MS, engine or downstream reactors the product gas into other fuels can also be integrated with our appai analysis or processing of product gas.
• the apparatus and the process as defined hereinabove relate to si spalling behavior of coal in the underground coal gasification process
• the present apparatus can be modified for the study of other processe the UCG. like kinetics, heat and mass transfer ohenomena and/or anv r
• the apparatus enables the study of feasibility of a particular coe process. Further, it is also possible to characterize and analyze the 1 thermo-mechanical processes for other carbonaceous solid fuel bi slight modifications to the apparatus and the process for use thereof within the scope of the person skilled in the art.
• a furnace was selected having a plate type heater at the bottom su heating chamber.
• the dimension of the heating chamber was 380 x mm.
• the internal openings of the inlet and outlet tubes were made in chamber just above the heating plate.
• the holder was thermally insulated on all its internal f; thickness of 15mm.
• the coal block was cut into a dimension suitable tc holder. The thermal insulation between the coal block and holder surf the heating of the coal block to happen from the bottom exposed face block. This scenario is analogous to the condition in underground during UCG process. After placing the coal block within the holder, surface 15 mm inward from all its sides.
• this coal block assembly was suspended from a load cell which was placed furnace, using a stainless steel rod, to monitor the weight of coal suspending rod was passed through the opening in the lid of the furnac taken to prevent the load getting in contact with any solid object to a ⁇ results.
• This apparatus generated the weight profile of coal block with time, the UCG like conditions inside the heating chamber, as shown in figun

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
• Coke Industry (AREA)

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• 2014
  • 2014-11-18 WO PCT/IN2014/000723 patent/WO2015097715A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2014-11-18 IN IN3620MU2013 patent/IN2013MU03620A/en unknown

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