WO2015097715A2 - An apparatus and process to analyze and characterize spalling due to theririo-mechanical failure of coal during underground coal gasification - Google Patents
An apparatus and process to analyze and characterize spalling due to theririo-mechanical failure of coal during underground coal gasification Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015097715A2 WO2015097715A2 PCT/IN2014/000723 IN2014000723W WO2015097715A2 WO 2015097715 A2 WO2015097715 A2 WO 2015097715A2 IN 2014000723 W IN2014000723 W IN 2014000723W WO 2015097715 A2 WO2015097715 A2 WO 2015097715A2
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- Prior art keywords
- coal
- furnace
- coal block
- holder
- block
- Prior art date
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HCTVWSOKIJULET-LQDWTQKMSA-M phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium Chemical compound [K+].N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C([O-])=O)(C)C)C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 HCTVWSOKIJULET-LQDWTQKMSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N monocrotophos Chemical compound CNC(=O)\C=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSSXLFACIJSBOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-pyran-2-ol Chemical compound OC1OC=CC=C1 GSSXLFACIJSBOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010744 Boudouard reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012443 analytical study Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Definitions
- the present invention in general, is directed to an apparatus and a proc analyzing and characterizing the physical and chemical processes occui underground coal seams during UCG process. More specifically, the pr invention relates to the spalling behavior of coal during underground cc gasification.
- Underground coal gasification is an in-situ conversion proc which is present in deep underground seams, to combustible product j the process of UCG, a cavity is formed inside the coal seam d consumption by chemical reactions.
- the extent of sp; particular type of coal is an important input to UCG process model tl the product gas calorific value.
- the present inventors have solved this long-felt need by developing a for studying and quantifying the spalling behavior of coal and a proce the apparatus.
- the invention relates to an apparatus for analyzing and characterizi behavior of coal during underground coal gasification
- the device (10) comprises a suspen (1 1) for suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal h c) placing the device(l O) for monitoring weight of the coa outside a furnace (1) such that the suspension means i through an opening (3) in lid (2) of the furnace(l ) with the (6) within the coal block holder (5) suspended from the de 1 monitoring weight of the coal block (6) and being placed furnace (1 );
- Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the apparatus.
- Fig. 2 illustrates the weight profile of coal block versus time on he coal block under air atmosphere and at a temperature of 700°C.
- the conditio! furnace (1) is maintained analogous to the condition in underground during UCG process.
- the furnace (1) can be made up of any material withstand high temperatures of upto 1300°C and withstand highlj and/or reducing atmosphere. The material can be selected from stai super alloys etc.
- the walls of the furnace (1) is thermally insulated in order to ensu temperature within the furnace (1) is maintained and to minimize the he
- the furnace (1) comprises a heat source (4) placed preferably on i surface thereof. This set-up mimics the underground coal gasificatio:
- the heat source (4) is in the form of a plate or a disc.
- the heath electrical heating or heating can be carried out using any fuel.
- the heat is specifically a disc type heating coil with an Inconnel plate at the I source (4).
- the apparatus comprises a coal block holder (5) for holding a coal bloi coal block holder (5) has an open- bottom (7) with the coal block (6) heat source (4).
- the open bottom (7) of the coal block holder (5) facii source (4) ensures that the coal block (6) gets directly heated from t process.
- the open bottom (7) of the coal block holder (5) has z projections (14) to help in retaining/holding the coal block (6) witl block holder(5).
- the projections (14) can be flanges or metal strips strip may be a slidable/rotatable metal strip such that the coal block ( within the coal block holder (5) and the metal strip is slid/rotated inwa each other so that the coal block (6) is held/retained within the coal t (5).
- the apparatus further has at least one inlet tube (8) for supplying furnace (l).
- the inlet tube (8) is preferably placed between the heat so open bottom (7) of coal block holder(5).
- the gas supplied to the fu selected from air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and/or steam deper reaction in the furnace.
- air, steam and/or oxygen is passed throuj tubes (8) into the furnace (1).
- pyrol nitrogen can be passed through the inlet tubes (8).
- the apparatus further has at least one outlet tube (9) for removing g furnace (l).
- the outlet tube (9) is placed between the heat source (4 bottom (7) of the coal block holder(5).
- the outlet tube (9) is used to ⁇ gas from the furnace (1 ).
- the gas removed is generally the product g after the reactions in the furnace including, but not limited to, combu varying compositions and inert gases like carbon dioxide and ni analysis of the product gas enables the study of the reactions occui underground coal seams during UCG process.
- Pyrolysis is the bn higher hydrocarbon components present in coal at higher temperature char or carbon in solid form and lighter components in gaseous form chemical reactions are combustion, gasification and water gas shift i given below:
- the apparatus also comprises a device (10) for monitoring weight > block (6) at any given point of time.
- the device (10) is placed outside (1) and comprises a suspension means (1 1) for suspending the coal bio the coal block holder (5) in the furnace (1); wherein the suspension : passes through the opening (3) of the furnace lid (2).
- the opening (3) ii is packed around the suspension means (1 1) to ensure complete insulati to minimizing heat loss and eas leakaee.
- the susoension means ( block (6) can be a load cell.
- the load cell may be attached to a data lc record the weights at different time intervals.
- the device (10) comprises a suspei (1 1) for suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal 1 c) placing the device (10) for monitoring weight of the coi outside a " furnace (1) such that the suspension means through an opening (3) in lid (2) of the furnace (1) with tfr (6) within the coal block holder (5) suspended from the d& monitoring weight of the coal block (6) and being placec furnace (1);
- the product gas is collected from the outlet tube and can be analyzi Chromatograph (GC) for studying its components and thereby cal calorific value or understanding the reactions occurring in the underj seams.
- GC analyzi Chromatograph
- Other equipments like GC-MS, engine or downstream reactors the product gas into other fuels can also be integrated with our appai analysis or processing of product gas.
- the apparatus and the process as defined hereinabove relate to si spalling behavior of coal in the underground coal gasification process
- the present apparatus can be modified for the study of other processe the UCG. like kinetics, heat and mass transfer ohenomena and/or anv r
- the apparatus enables the study of feasibility of a particular coe process. Further, it is also possible to characterize and analyze the 1 thermo-mechanical processes for other carbonaceous solid fuel bi slight modifications to the apparatus and the process for use thereof within the scope of the person skilled in the art.
- a furnace was selected having a plate type heater at the bottom su heating chamber.
- the dimension of the heating chamber was 380 x mm.
- the internal openings of the inlet and outlet tubes were made in chamber just above the heating plate.
- the holder was thermally insulated on all its internal f; thickness of 15mm.
- the coal block was cut into a dimension suitable tc holder. The thermal insulation between the coal block and holder surf the heating of the coal block to happen from the bottom exposed face block. This scenario is analogous to the condition in underground during UCG process. After placing the coal block within the holder, surface 15 mm inward from all its sides.
- this coal block assembly was suspended from a load cell which was placed furnace, using a stainless steel rod, to monitor the weight of coal suspending rod was passed through the opening in the lid of the furnac taken to prevent the load getting in contact with any solid object to a ⁇ results.
- This apparatus generated the weight profile of coal block with time, the UCG like conditions inside the heating chamber, as shown in figun
Abstract
The present invention relates to an apparatus for analyzing and characterizing spalling behavior of coal during underground coal gasification. The apparatus comprises a furnace (1) having a lid (2) with an opening (3). A heat source (4) is located at the bottom surface of the furnace (1). A coal block holder (5) with a coal block (6) is suspended within the furnace (1). The coal block holder (5) has an open bottom (7) facing the heat source (4). The apparatus comprises a device (10), for monitoring weight of the coal block (6), placed outside the furnace (1) and comprising a suspension means (1 1) for suspending the coal block (6) with the coal block holder (5), wherein the suspension means (1 1) passes through the opening (3) of the furnace lid (2). The present invention further relates to a process for analyzing and characterizing spalling behavior of coal during underground coal gasification.
Description
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
An apparatus and process to analyze and characterize spalling thermo-mechanical failure of coal during underground coal gas
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, in general, is directed to an apparatus and a proc analyzing and characterizing the physical and chemical processes occui underground coal seams during UCG process. More specifically, the pr invention relates to the spalling behavior of coal during underground cc gasification.
BACKGROUND
Underground coal gasification (UCG), is an in-situ conversion proc which is present in deep underground seams, to combustible product j the process of UCG, a cavity is formed inside the coal seam d consumption by chemical reactions. The temperature inside the around700-1000°C and at this temperature, the coal present at the : cavity develops cracks in it, due to its drying and pyrolysis. These c with time until a piece of coal breaks from its parent material and falls ( of the cavity. This phenomenon is called spalling. The extent of sp; particular type of coal is an important input to UCG process model tl the product gas calorific value. Till date, there is no equipment or m available for the analysis, characterization and/or quantification <
Spalling is conceptualized as something which occurs in regul However, as yet no apparatus or process is known for the charact spalling behavior of coal. There has been a long-felt need to study process in detail in order to predict and/or estimate the product gas UCG process.
The present inventors have solved this long-felt need by developing a for studying and quantifying the spalling behavior of coal and a proce the apparatus.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an apparatus for analyzing and characterizi behavior of coal during underground coal gasification comprising a having a lid (2) with an opening (3); a heat source(4) located at the bot of the furnace (1); a coal block holder (5) for holding a coal block (6 furnace (l),wherein the coal block holder (5) has an open bottom (7 heat source (4);at least one inlet tube (8), for supplying gas to the 1 placed between the heat source (4) and open bottom (7) of the coal b (5);at least one outlet tube (9), for removing gas from the furnace between the heat source (4) and open bottom (7) of the coal block 1 device (10), for monitoring weight of the coal block (6), placed furnace (1) and comprising a suspension means(l 1) for suspending the
(6) with the coal block holder(5) in the furnace (1); wherein the means(l 1) passes through the opening (3) of the furnace lid (2).
Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for ana characterizing the spalling behavior of coal during underground coal j wherein the process comprises the steps of
a) Placing a coal block (6) within a coal block holder (5); b) suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal block device(l O) for monitoring weight of the coal block (6) ai point of time; wherein the device (10) comprises a suspen (1 1) for suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal h c) placing the device(l O) for monitoring weight of the coa outside a furnace (1) such that the suspension means i through an opening (3) in lid (2) of the furnace(l ) with the (6) within the coal block holder (5) suspended from the de1 monitoring weight of the coal block (6) and being placed furnace (1 );
d) passing a mixture of gases into the furnace (1) through ai
(8);
e) raising the temperature in the furnace to 700 to 900°C b; heat source(4) placed in the furnace (1); and
f) recording weight profile of the coal block (6) with respect tc
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the apparatus.
Fig. 2 illustrates the weight profile of coal block versus time on he coal block under air atmosphere and at a temperature of 700°C.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the gc of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowlc modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodim departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adap modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within 1 and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be unc the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose oJ and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in 1 recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modific the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.
An embodiment of the nresent invention relates to an annaratus for ar
apparatus comprises a furnace (1) having a lid (2) with an opening (3) source (4) located at the bottom surface ofthe furnace(l). The conditio! furnace (1) is maintained analogous to the condition in underground during UCG process. The furnace (1) can be made up of any material withstand high temperatures of upto 1300°C and withstand highlj and/or reducing atmosphere. The material can be selected from stai super alloys etc.
The walls of the furnace (1) is thermally insulated in order to ensu temperature within the furnace (1) is maintained and to minimize the he
The furnace (1) comprises a heat source (4) placed preferably on i surface thereof. This set-up mimics the underground coal gasificatio: The heat source (4) is in the form of a plate or a disc. The heath electrical heating or heating can be carried out using any fuel. The heat is specifically a disc type heating coil with an Inconnel plate at the I source (4).
The apparatus comprises a coal block holder (5) for holding a coal bloi coal block holder (5) has an open- bottom (7) with the coal block (6) heat source (4). The open bottom (7) of the coal block holder (5) facii source (4) ensures that the coal block (6) gets directly heated from t
process. The open bottom (7) of the coal block holder (5) has z projections (14) to help in retaining/holding the coal block (6) witl block holder(5). The projections (14) can be flanges or metal strips strip may be a slidable/rotatable metal strip such that the coal block ( within the coal block holder (5) and the metal strip is slid/rotated inwa each other so that the coal block (6) is held/retained within the coal t (5).
The apparatus further has at least one inlet tube (8) for supplying furnace (l).The inlet tube (8) is preferably placed between the heat so open bottom (7) of coal block holder(5). The gas supplied to the fu selected from air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and/or steam deper reaction in the furnace. For e.g. for an analytical study of the spall during the UCG process, air, steam and/or oxygen is passed throuj tubes (8) into the furnace (1). Alternatively, in a study of the pyrol nitrogen can be passed through the inlet tubes (8).
The apparatus further has at least one outlet tube (9) for removing g furnace (l).The outlet tube (9) is placed between the heat source (4 bottom (7) of the coal block holder(5). The outlet tube (9) is used to¬ gas from the furnace (1 ). The gas removed is generally the product g after the reactions in the furnace including, but not limited to, combu
varying compositions and inert gases like carbon dioxide and ni analysis of the product gas enables the study of the reactions occui underground coal seams during UCG process. The general reactions or processes taking place or occurring in the mm drying, pyrolysis and other chemical reactions. Drying is the evaj moisture present in the coal at high temperature. Pyrolysis is the bn higher hydrocarbon components present in coal at higher temperature char or carbon in solid form and lighter components in gaseous form chemical reactions are combustion, gasification and water gas shift i given below:
C + 02 ► C02, combustion
C + H2O -«- CO + H2, gasification
C + CC-2 * ► 2CO, Boudouard reaction
CO + H2O ► C02 + H2, water gas shift reaction
The apparatus also comprises a device (10) for monitoring weight > block (6) at any given point of time. The device (10) is placed outside (1) and comprises a suspension means (1 1) for suspending the coal bio the coal block holder (5) in the furnace (1); wherein the suspension : passes through the opening (3) of the furnace lid (2). The opening (3) ii is packed around the suspension means (1 1) to ensure complete insulati to minimizing heat loss and eas leakaee. The susoension means (
block (6) can be a load cell. The load cell may be attached to a data lc record the weights at different time intervals.
Another embodiment of the invention relates to a process for an characterizing the spalling behavior of coal during underground coal comprising the steps of
a) Placing a coal block (6) within a coal block holder (5); b) suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal block device (10) for monitoring weight of the coal block (6) ε point of time; wherein the device (10) comprises a suspei (1 1) for suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal 1 c) placing the device (10) for monitoring weight of the coi outside a " furnace (1) such that the suspension means through an opening (3) in lid (2) of the furnace (1) with tfr (6) within the coal block holder (5) suspended from the d& monitoring weight of the coal block (6) and being placec furnace (1);
d) passing a mixture of gases into the furnace (1) through a (8);
e) raising the temperature in the furnace to 700 to 900°C b heat source (4) placed in the furnace (1); and
f) remrdin T weipVit nrnfile nf the rx>al hlnr.k ( £> with resnect ti
The gases passed through the inlet tube (8) are selected from ε nitrogen, carbon dioxide and/or steam. The process is continued till change of the coal block is negligible with respect to time. The produ< furnace (1) is continuously removed from the furnace through an out A graph is plotted for the data obtained with regards to the weight of the time. The sudden drops in weight of coal block (6) observed in th< time data are identified as spalling events. Thus, the occurrence of spa] block can be identified from the sudden drops in weight. One such figu infigure2. On accumulating all these sudden weights, the rate of spa] calculated.
The product gas is collected from the outlet tube and can be analyzi Chromatograph (GC) for studying its components and thereby cal calorific value or understanding the reactions occurring in the underj seams. Other equipments like GC-MS, engine or downstream reactors the product gas into other fuels) can also be integrated with our appai analysis or processing of product gas.
The apparatus and the process as defined hereinabove relate to si spalling behavior of coal in the underground coal gasification process the present apparatus can be modified for the study of other processe the UCG. like kinetics, heat and mass transfer ohenomena and/or anv r
The apparatus enables the study of feasibility of a particular coe process. Further, it is also possible to characterize and analyze the 1 thermo-mechanical processes for other carbonaceous solid fuel bi slight modifications to the apparatus and the process for use thereof within the scope of the person skilled in the art.
Examples
The following experimental examples are illustrative of the invent limitative of the scope thereof.
A furnace was selected having a plate type heater at the bottom su heating chamber. The dimension of the heating chamber was 380 x mm. The internal openings of the inlet and outlet tubes were made in chamber just above the heating plate. A box type coal block holder m temperature withstanding stainless steel, with its bottom face opened inside the heating chamber. The dimension of the coal block holder wa x 140 mm. The holder was thermally insulated on all its internal f; thickness of 15mm. The coal block was cut into a dimension suitable tc holder. The thermal insulation between the coal block and holder surf the heating of the coal block to happen from the bottom exposed face block. This scenario is analogous to the condition in underground during UCG process. After placing the coal block within the holder,
surface 15 mm inward from all its sides. This prevented the coal falling down through the bottom open face of the holder. Then this coal block assembly was suspended from a load cell which was placed furnace, using a stainless steel rod, to monitor the weight of coal suspending rod was passed through the opening in the lid of the furnac taken to prevent the load getting in contact with any solid object to a^ results.
This apparatus generated the weight profile of coal block with time, the UCG like conditions inside the heating chamber, as shown in figun
Claims
1. An apparatus for analyzing and characterizing spalling beha1 during underground coal gasification comprising
a furnace (1) having a lid (2) with an opening (3);
a heat source(4) located at the bottom surface of said furnace (1 a coal block holder(5) for holding a coal block (6) within said wherein the coal block holder (5) has an open bottom (7) faci source (4);
at least one inlet tube (8), for supplying gas to said furn between the heat source and open bottom of coal block holder; at least one outlet tube, for removing gas from said furnace between the heat source(4) and open bottom (7) of coal block h a device (10), for monitoring weight of the coal block (6), pla the furnace (1) and comprising a suspension means (1 1) for sus coal block (6) with the coal block holder (5) in the furnace (1), suspension means (1 1) passes through the opening (3) of the (2)·
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the furnace insulated furnace.
The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the furnace (1 material selected from stainless steel, inconnel. supera] tantalum based compounds or alloys.
The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the heat source form of a plate or a disc.
The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the open botto coal block holder (5) comprises at least two projections (14 prevent the coal block (6) from falling down from the coal (5).
The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the proji comprise a slidable metal strip.
The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas passed inlet tube (8) into the furnace (1) is selected from air, oxyg< carbon dioxide and/or steam.
The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the devi monitoring weight of the coal block (6) is a load cell.
The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 1 , wherein the load cell is i data logger (12).
10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the suspension n selected from a rod and/or a spring.
1 1. The apparatuses claimed in claim 1, wherein the rod for susj weighing the coal block is made up of stainless steel, inconnel,
■ and/or tantalum based compounds or alloys.
12. A process for analyzing and characterizing the spalling beha during underground coal gasification, wherein the process co steps of
a) Placing a coal block (6) within a coal block holder (5); b) suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal block device (10) for monitoring weight of the coal block (6) a point of time; wherein the device (10) comprises a suspen (1 1) for suspending the coal block holder (5) with the coal t c) placing the device (10) for monitoring weight of the co∑ outside a furnace (1) such that the suspension means i through an opening (3) in lid (2) of the furnace (1) with the (6) within the coal block holder (5) suspended from the dev monitoring -weight of the coal block (6) and being placed furnace (1);
d) passing a mixture of gases into the furnace (1) through ai
e) raising the temperature in the furnace to 700 to 900°C heat source (4) placed in the furnace (1); and
f) recording weight profile of the coal block (6) with respe and time.
13. The process for analyzing and characterizing the spalling beh during underground coal gasification as claimed in claim 12, gases passed through the inlet tube (8) is selected from nitrogen, carbon dioxide and/or steam.
14. The process for analyzing and characterizing the spalling beh; during underground coal gasification as claimed in claim 12, heating and passing of gases is continued till the weigh negligible with respect to time.
15. The process for analyzing and characterizing the spalling beh; during underground coal gasification as claimed in claim 12, product gas is continuously removed from the furnace (1) outlet tube (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IN3620/MUM/2013 | 2013-11-19 | ||
| IN3620MU2013 IN2013MU03620A (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2014-11-18 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015097715A2 true WO2015097715A2 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
| WO2015097715A3 WO2015097715A3 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IN2014/000723 WO2015097715A2 (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2014-11-18 | An apparatus and process to analyze and characterize spalling due to theririo-mechanical failure of coal during underground coal gasification |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| IN (1) | IN2013MU03620A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015097715A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106950247A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-14 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of underground coal gasification(UCG) overlying strata are unidirectionally heated experimental system for simulating and method |
| CN109917108A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-21 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of three-dimensional similar material model experiment device and method for simulating seam mining |
Family Cites Families (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3026149B2 (en) * | 1995-07-11 | 2000-03-27 | セイコーインスツルメンツ株式会社 | Thermomechanical analyzer with thermogravimetry function |
| US6074205A (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 2000-06-13 | South African Bureau Of Standards | Determination of volatile matter in samples |
| FR2850460B1 (en) * | 2003-01-23 | 2005-12-30 | Toulouse Inst Nat Polytech | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THERMOGRAVIMETRY TESTING |
| US7416328B2 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2008-08-26 | Waters Investments Limited | System and method for a thermogravimetric analyzer having improved dynamic weight baseline |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106950247A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-07-14 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of underground coal gasification(UCG) overlying strata are unidirectionally heated experimental system for simulating and method |
| CN106950247B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2019-06-11 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of underground coal gasification(UCG) overlying strata are unidirectionally by thermal simulation experimental method |
| CN109917108A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-21 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of three-dimensional similar material model experiment device and method for simulating seam mining |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IN2013MU03620A (en) | 2015-07-31 |
| WO2015097715A3 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
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