WO2015097246A1 - Embout de connexion d'une conduite flexible, conduite flexible et procédé associés - Google Patents
Embout de connexion d'une conduite flexible, conduite flexible et procédé associés Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015097246A1 WO2015097246A1 PCT/EP2014/079241 EP2014079241W WO2015097246A1 WO 2015097246 A1 WO2015097246 A1 WO 2015097246A1 EP 2014079241 W EP2014079241 W EP 2014079241W WO 2015097246 A1 WO2015097246 A1 WO 2015097246A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- armor
- ring
- tip
- layer
- adhesive layer
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L33/00—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses
- F16L33/01—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses adapted for hoses having a multi-layer wall
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a connecting end of a flexible fluid transport pipe, the flexible pipe comprising at least one tubular sheath and at least one layer of tensile armor disposed externally with respect to the tubular sheath, the layer of armor comprising a plurality of threadlike armor elements, the tip comprising:
- the pipe is in particular an unbonded flexible pipe for the transport of hydrocarbons through an expanse of water, such as an ocean, a sea, a lake or a river.
- Such a flexible pipe is for example made according to the normative documents API 17J (Specification for Unbounded Flexible Pipe) and API RP 17B (Recommended Practice for Flexible Pipe) established by the American Petroleum Institute.
- the pipe is generally formed of a set of concentric and superimposed layers. It is considered as "unbound" in the sense of the present invention since at least one of the layers of the pipe is able to move longitudinally relative to the adjacent layers during bending of the pipe.
- an unbonded pipe is a pipe devoid of binding materials connecting layers forming the pipe.
- the pipe is generally disposed across an expanse of water, between a bottom assembly, for collecting the fluid operated in the bottom of the body of water, and a set of floating or stationary surface for collecting and distribute the fluid.
- the surface assembly may be a semi-submersible platform, an FPSO or other floating assembly.
- the flexible pipe has a length greater than 800 m.
- the ends of the pipe have tips for connection to the bottom assembly and the entire surface, as well as for intermediate connections.
- the axial tension has not only a high average value, but also permanent variations as a function of the vertical movements of the surface assembly and the pipe, under the effect of the agitation of the body of water caused by the swell or waves.
- the axial tension variations can reach several tens of tons and be repeated continuously during the service life of the pipe. In 20 years, the number of cycles can reach more than 20 million.
- the anchoring of the armor is generally ensured by the friction between the armor son and an epoxy resin cast in the chamber defined by the vault and the hood.
- capstan effect associated with the helical trajectory of the armor wires also contributes to the anchoring of the armor, this effect being able to be increased by modifying the diameter of the helix described by the wires in the endpiece relative to to the diameter of this helix in current length, for example by progressively increasing this diameter by following an ascending cone, then decreasing it along a descending cone.
- deformations in the form of hook, wave or twist can be formed at the end of each armor wire to be engaged in the epoxy resin, in order to achieve a mechanical blocking against the voltage applied. These deformations initiate the effort necessary to implement the capstan effect.
- WO 2004/051 131 proposes to securely fix each end portion in grooves in the rear portion of the front arch attachment of the tip.
- the rear portion further has a flared shape to increase the capstan effect.
- An object of the invention is to obtain a tip of a flexible pipe having an effective axial tension recovery, in which the risk of fatigue failure is greatly reduced, the tip being easy to manufacture and compact.
- the invention relates to a tip of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the tip comprises:
- the tip according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:
- the adhesive layer has a radial thickness less than the radial thickness of the ring
- the adhesive layer has a maximum thickness of less than 5 mm and advantageously of between 0.1 mm and 3 mm;
- the ring is keyed axially on the cover and / or on an intermediate element seated on the cover;
- the armor elements extend in a cylindrical envelope in the reception chamber
- the end sections are arranged in a cylindrical envelope defined between a first cylinder of revolution about the central axis and a second cylinder of revolution about the central axis, the radial distance separating the first cylinder from the second cylinder being lower; at 120% of the thickness of each end section.
- the ring is clamped radially on the layer of adhesive and on the armor elements, the ring advantageously comprising a plurality of circumferential segments assembled one on the other;
- the inner peripheral surface of the ring has a first axial region located at a first distance from each armor element and a second axial region located at a second distance from each armor element, the first distance being different from the second distance.
- the adhesive layer having at least a first axial portion disposed facing the first axial region and a second axial portion disposed facing the second axial region, the radial thickness of the adhesive layer being different in the first part; axial and in the second axial part.
- each armor member comprises a cannula arranged radially inside each armor element facing the ring, and an inner layer of adhesive, advantageously of less radial thickness than that of the cannula, the inner layer of adhesive being interposed between an outer surface of the cannula and an inner surface of each armor member;
- the adhesive layer comprises a first axial portion formed based on a relatively more rigid first adhesive and a second axial portion formed based on a second adhesive which is relatively more flexible than the first adhesive;
- each armor element is pretreated mechanically, physically or chemically;
- the inner peripheral surface of the or each ring defines at least one annular or helical groove opening facing the armor elements and partially receiving the layer of adhesive;
- the or each ring delimits, in the receiving chamber, an intermediate space before and / or a rear intermediate space, the end piece comprising a flexible filling material filling the front intermediate space and / or the rear intermediate space;
- each ring defines in the receiving chamber an intermediate space before and / or a rear intermediate space, the nozzle comprising a watertight seal filling the intermediate space before and / or the rear intermediate space;
- the adhesive layer being interposed between an inner annular surface of each of the first ring of the second ring and the outer surface of each armor member, the layer of adhesive securing each armor member respectively to the first ring and on the second ring;
- the ring is fixed in axial translation relative to the cap and / or with respect to the end vault independently of the concentric layers of the flexible pipe.
- the invention also relates to a flexible fluid transport pipe, preferably unbound, comprising: at least one tubular sheath;
- At least one tensile armor layer disposed externally with respect to the tubular sheath, the armor layer comprising a plurality of filiform armor elements;
- the invention also relates to a method of mounting a tip of a flexible fluid transport pipe, the flexible pipe comprising at least one tubular sheath and at least one layer of tensile armor disposed externally relative to the tubular sheath, the armor layer comprising a plurality of filamentary armor elements, the tip comprising the following steps:
- FIG. 1 is a partially cut away perspective view of a central section of a first flexible pipe according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a view, taken in partial section along a median axial plane, of a nozzle of the pipe of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 of the nozzle of a second flexible pipe according to the invention.
- - Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2 of the nozzle of a third flexible pipe according to the invention
- - Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 2 of the tip of a fourth flexible pipe according to the invention
- FIG. 6 is a view similar to Figure 2 of the tip of a fifth flexible pipe according to the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view similar to Figure 2 of the tip of a sixth flexible pipe according to the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a view similar to Figure 2 of the tip of a seventh flexible pipe according to the invention.
- Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 2 of a subassembly of the nozzle of an eighth flexible pipe according to the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a view similar to Figure 2 of a subassembly of the tip of a ninth flexible pipe according to the invention.
- the terms “outside” and “inside” generally mean radially with respect to an axis AA 'of the pipe, the term “outside” meaning relatively more radially distant from the axis. AA 'and the term “inner” extending as relatively closer radially to the axis AA' of the pipe.
- forward and “rear” are axially related to an AA 'axis of the line, with the word “before” meaning relatively farther from the middle of the line and closer to one of its extremities, the term “rear” meaning relatively closer to the middle of the pipe and further away from one of its ends.
- the middle of the pipe is the point of the pipe situated equidistant from the two extremities of the latter.
- a first flexible pipe 10 according to the invention is partially illustrated by FIG. 1
- the flexible pipe 10 comprises a central section 12 illustrated in part in FIG. It comprises, at each of the axial ends of the central section 12, an end tip 14 (not visible in FIG. 1), the relevant parts of which are shown in FIG.
- the pipe 10 defines a central passage 16 for circulation of a fluid, preferably a petroleum fluid.
- the central passage 16 extends along an axis A-A 'between the upstream end and the downstream end of the pipe 10. It opens through the endpieces 14.
- the flexible pipe 10 is intended to be disposed through a body of water (not shown) in a fluid operating installation, in particular hydrocarbons.
- the body of water is, for example, a sea, a lake or an ocean.
- the depth of the water extent to the right of the fluid operating installation is for example between 500 m and 3000 m.
- the fluid exploitation installation comprises a set of surfaces, in particular floating surfaces, and a bottom assembly (not shown) which are generally connected to one another by the flexible pipe 10.
- the flexible pipe 10 is preferably an "unbonded” pipe (referred to as "unbonded”).
- At least two adjacent layers of the flexible pipe 10 are free to move longitudinally with respect to each other during bending of the pipe.
- all the layers of the flexible pipe are free to move relative to each other.
- Such conduct is for example described in the normative documents published by the American Petroleum Institute (API), API 17J, and API RP17B.
- the pipe 10 defines a plurality of concentric layers around the axis A-A ', which extend continuously along the central section 12 to the ends 14 at the ends of the pipe.
- the pipe 10 comprises at least a first tubular sheath 20 based on polymeric material advantageously constituting a pressure sheath.
- the pipe 10 further comprises at least one layer of tensile armor 24,
- the pipe 10 further comprises an internal carcass 26 disposed inside the pressure sheath 20, a pressure vault 28 interposed between the pressure sheath 20 and the layer or layers of pressure.
- the pressure sheath 20 is intended to seal the fluid transported in the passage 16. It is formed of a polymer material, for example based on a polyolefin such as polyethylene, based on a polyamide such as PA1 1 or PA12, or based on a fluorinated polymer such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- a polyolefin such as polyethylene
- a polyamide such as PA1 1 or PA12
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the thickness of the pressure sheath 20 is for example between 5 mm and 20 mm.
- the carcass 26, when present, is formed for example of a profiled metal strip, wound in a spiral.
- the turns of the strip are advantageously stapled to each other, which makes it possible to take up the radial forces of crushing.
- the carcass 26 is disposed inside the pressure sheath 20.
- the pipe is then designated by the term "rough bore" because of the geometry of the carcass 26
- the flexible pipe 10 is devoid of internal carcass 26, it is then designated by the term "smooth bore".
- the helical winding of the profiled metal strip forming the carcass 26 is short pitch, that is to say it has a helix angle of absolute value close to 90 °, typically between 75 ° and 90 °.
- the pressure vault 28 is intended to take up the forces related to the pressure prevailing inside the pressure sheath 20. It is for example formed of a metallic profiled wire surrounded in a helix around the sheath 20 The profiled wire generally has a complex geometry, especially in the form of Z, T, U, K, X or I.
- the pressure vault 28 is helically wound in a short pitch around the pressure sheath 20, that is to say with a helix angle of absolute value close to 90 °, typically between 75 ° and 90 °.
- the flexible pipe 10 according to the invention comprises at least one layer of armor
- 24, 25 formed of a helical winding of at least one elongate armor member 29.
- the flexible pipe 10 comprises a plurality of armor layers 24, 25, in particular an inner armor layer 24, applied to the pressure vault 28 (or to the sheath 20 when the vault 28 is absent) and an outer armor layer 25 around which outer sheath 30 is disposed.
- Each layer of armor 24, 25 comprises longitudinal armor elements 29 wound with a long pitch around the axis A-A 'of the pipe. These elements 29 are visible in FIG.
- wrapped with a long pitch is meant that the absolute value of the helix angle is less than 60 °, and is typically between 25 ° and 55 °.
- the armor elements 29 of a first layer 24 are generally wound at an opposite angle to the armor elements 29 of a second layer.
- the winding angle of the armor elements 29 of the first layer 24 is equal to + a, a being between 25 ° and 55 °
- the winding angle of the armor elements 29 the second layer of armor 25 disposed in contact with the first layer of armor 24 is for example equal to - a 0 .
- the armor elements 29 are for example formed by metal wires, in particular steel wires, or by ribbons made of composite material, for example ribbons reinforced with carbon fibers. In the example shown in the figures, the armor elements 29 are formed by metal wires.
- the armor elements 29 each have an end section 34 inserted into the endpiece 14.
- the end portion 34 extends to a free end disposed in the tip 14. It advantageously has a helical path A-axis A 'in the tip 14, the helix winding on a cylindrical envelope.
- the cylindrical envelope is defined between a first cylinder of revolution about the central axis and a second cylinder of revolution about the central axis, the radial distance separating the first cylinder from the second cylinder being less than 120% of the thickness. of each end section.
- the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29 extend at a substantially constant distance from the axis AA 'towards one end before free 36.
- This distance is similar to that present in the central section 12 of the pipe 10.
- the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29 have been pretreated during the assembly of the tip 14.
- the outer surface of the end sections 34 of each armor element 29 has been stripped and has been treated. mechanically, physically and / or chemically.
- a degreasing of the outer surface of each end section 34 is carried out, for example by solvent wiping, by solvent degreasing in the vapor phase, or by cleaning with detergents (alkaline, neutral or acidic products). ) followed by rinsing.
- a coating is applied on each end portion 34 to provide the end portion 34 with a primer layer having a high chemical reactivity.
- the primer layer is for example formed from organofunctional silanes, for example those sold under the trade name Dynasylan® by the company Evonik.
- a plasma treatment is performed on the outer surface of the end section 34.
- a mechanical ablation such as sanding or shot blasting, is performed.
- This mechanical treatment eliminates the layer present on the surface and modifies the morphology of the surface by increasing its roughness and introducing compressive residual stresses favorable to fatigue resistance.
- the outer sheath 30 is intended to prevent the permeation of fluid from outside the flexible pipe 10 inwardly. It is advantageously made of a polymer material, in particular based on a polyolefin, such as polyethylene, or based on a polyamide.
- the thickness of the outer sheath 30 is for example between 5 mm and 15 mm.
- each end piece 14 has an end vault 50 and an outer connecting cover 51 projecting axially rearwards from the end vault 50.
- hood 51 delimits, with the end vault 50, a central chamber 52 for receiving the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29.
- the tip 14 further comprises a front assembly 54 sealing around the tubular sheath 20, shown schematically in Figure 2, and a rear assembly 56 sealing around the outer sheath 30.
- the tip 14 further comprises, for each armor layer 24, 25, a ring 57, 58 fixed axially with respect to the end vault 50 and / or with respect to the cover 51, and a internal adhesive layer 59 adhering each ring 57, 58 on the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29 of the armor layer 24, 25.
- the end vault 50 is intended to connect the pipe 10 to another connection end 14 or to terminal equipment, advantageously via an end flange (not shown).
- the end vault 50 has a central bore intended to receive the end of the first sheath 20 and to allow the flow of the fluid flowing through the central passage 16 towards the outside of the pipe 10.
- the cover 51 has a tubular peripheral wall 70 extending around the axis A-A '.
- the peripheral wall 70 has a leading edge 71 fixed to the end vault 50, radially spaced from the armor layers 24, 25 and a rear edge 72 extending axially rearward beyond the arch. 50 end.
- the cover 51 delimits the chamber 52 radially outwardly.
- a rear face 73 of the end vault 50 axially defines the chamber 52 forwards.
- the cover 51 delimits in this example an internal shoulder 68 for wedging at least one retaining ring 57, 58.
- the internal shoulder 68 is advantageously located in the vicinity of the rear edge 72, opposite the rear sealing assembly 56.
- the front sealing assembly 54 is located at the front of the nozzle 14, in contact with the end vault 50. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the front seal assembly 54 is offset axially forward with respect to each ring 57, 58.
- crimping front ring 74 (not visible in FIG. 2, but visible in FIG. 4) intended to engage the pressure sheath 20, and a clamping collar 76.
- the front assembly 54 further comprises an intermediate stop ring 78 of the pressure vault 28 (visible in FIG. 4). .
- the intermediate stop ring is interposed between the front ring 74 crimping and the clamping collar 76.
- the rear sealing assembly 56 is disposed at the rear of each ring 57, 58,. It comprises at least one crimping rear ring 80 crimping the outer sheath 30, and a rear clamping collar 82 for clamping the rear ring 80, fixed on the cover 51, advantageously at the rear edge 72 of the peripheral wall 70.
- Each retaining ring 57, 58 extends radially outside the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29 of a weave layer 24, 25. It advantageously comes into radial contact with an internal surface of the cover. 51.
- the rear ring 58 is axially wedged against the shoulder 68, which prevents it from moving axially backwards.
- the front ring 57 is wedged axially against the rear ring 58, which also prevents it from moving axially backwards.
- the length of the rear ring 58, taken parallel to the axis A-A ', corresponds substantially to the axial length of the end sections 34 of the outer armor layer 25 in the endpiece 14, taken parallel to the axis A-A '.
- the length of the front ring 57, taken parallel to the axis A-A ', substantially corresponds to the axial length of the end sections 34 of the inner armor layer 24 which protrudes beyond the end sections. 34 of the outer armor layer 25.
- each armor layer 24, 25 retain the cylindrical configuration that they have in the central section 12 of the flexible pipe 10.
- the tip 14 thus has a reduced radial size. This promotes heat exchange with the external environment and limits the temperatures at the tip 14, which is beneficial for the aging resistance of the adhesive layer 59, even when the fluid transported in the flexible pipe 10 is present. a high temperature, for example greater than or equal to 130 ° C.
- the end sections 34 do not protrude axially beyond the ring 57, 58 in which they are located.
- the end sections 34 are therefore free of hooking member such as a hook or a wave at their end. They do not go back on the end vault 50. They must not be deformed during assembly of the tip 14, which is favorable in terms of resistance to fatigue.
- each ring 57, 58 is disposed completely at the rear axially of the front sealing assembly 54.
- Each ring 57, 58 has an inner peripheral surface 90 of cylindrical shape, on which the adhesive layer 59 is applied, and an outer peripheral surface 92 disposed opposite the cover 51.
- each ring 57, 58 for example formed by a metal ring. This ring has been machined to the desired dimensions.
- the adhesive layer 59 is interposed between each ring 57, 58 and the end sections 34 of an armor layer 24, 25.
- the adhesive layer 59 sticks each end portion 34 in the ring 57, 58 to secure the ring 57, 58 to the end portion 34.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 59 is low. This thickness is advantageously less than the thickness of each end section 34, and the thickness of each ring 57, 58, these thicknesses being taken radially relative to the axis A-A '.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 59 is for example less than 5 mm, in particular less than 3 mm, preferably greater than 0.1 mm and for example between 0.1 mm and 2 mm.
- the adhesive layer 59 has a shear strength greater than 1
- MPa especially greater than 4 MPa, for example between 4 MPa and 20 MPa.
- This shear strength is for example measured according to EN 1465 (Determination of the tensile shear strength of single lap bonded joints).
- the test pieces for carrying out the tensile test are chosen from the materials respectively constituting an end section 34 and the ring 57, 58.
- the adhesive layer 59 is for example formed from one or two-component epoxy type glue, one or two component polyurethane, one or two component thermosetting material, one or two component cyanoacrylate, glue anaerobic, one- or two-component acrylic glue, polyurethane hot melt glue, and / or plastisol.
- no filler material other than the adhesive layer 59 is disposed in the chamber 52.
- front and rear intermediate spaces in the chamber at the front and rear of the ring or rings 57, 58 are devoid of filler material.
- Each ring 57, 58 bonded to the end portions 34 takes up the entire tension supported by the end piece 14, without significantly increasing the anchoring length.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 59 is low, the formation of bubbles or cracks which result in water infiltration and armor corrosion is minimized.
- the assembly of the tip 14 according to the invention is carried out as follows.
- the various layers of the pipe 10 are cut to the right length to reveal, on the roof 28, a free end section 34 of each armor element 29 of the armor layers 24, 25.
- Each free end section 34 is free from radial deformation, in particular wave-shaped deformation or hook deformation.
- the free end sections 34 are held in the cylindrical configuration which they occupy in the central section 12 of the flexible pipe 10.
- each end section 34 is stripped and undergoes a mechanical, physical and / or chemical treatment, as described above.
- This treatment comprises in particular a degreasing, a phosphoric acid anodization, the deposition of a primary coating, a plasma treatment, and / or a mechanical ablation such as sanding or shot blasting.
- the adhesive layer 59 is applied on the outer radial surface of each end section 34 and / or on the inner surface of each ring 57, 58.
- the adhesive layer 59 has a small thickness, less than of each end section 34, as described above.
- the rings 58, 57 are then successively inserted from the front to respectively surround the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29 of the second armor layer 25 and the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29 of the armor 29. the first layer of armor 24. Then, the end vault 50 and the front sealing assembly 54 are put in place. The cover 51 is then fixed to the end vault 50. The rear sealing assembly 56 is then put in place and is fixed to the cover 51.
- the tip 14 according to the invention therefore very robustly resumes the entire voltage supported, with a relatively small anchorage length.
- each ring 57, 58 being glued only on the outer surface of the end sections 34, with a thin layer of adhesive of the order of 1 mm d
- the thickness having a shear strength of 4.5 MPa, resumes a tension of 200 t on a structure 145 mm in diameter and 420 t on a structure 300 mm in diameter.
- the recovery tension is 420 t on a 300 mm diameter structure, with an anchor 300 mm long.
- a radial crimping is performed around each ring 57, 58, after the establishment of the ring 57, 58, to apply a radial pressure on the end sections 34 of the elements.
- the radial pressure is for example greater than 2 MPa.
- the radial crimping precisely controls the thickness of the adhesive layer 59 applied to compensate for the ovalization of the end sections 34 of the armor layers 24, 25.
- the tip 14 of a second flexible pipe 100 according to the invention is illustrated in FIG.
- each ring 57, 58 has a plurality of distinct circumferential segments 102 assembled on top of each other to form a ring, and assembly and radial clamping of the circumferential segments 102.
- the number of circumferential segments 102 is for example between 2 and 5, advantageously 3 or 4
- the assembly and radial clamping members 104 are for example formed by screw / nut systems.
- the radial clamping of the circumferential segments 102 is regulated by means of the assembly and radial clamping members 104 to apply a radial pressure directed towards the axis AA 'on the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29. each layer of armor 24, 25.
- the radial pressure is for example greater than 2 MPa.
- the radial clamping makes it possible to precisely control the thickness of the adhesive layer 59 applied to compensate for the ovalization of the end sections 34 of the armor layers 24, 25.
- the adhesive forming the adhesive layer 59 is easily applied on the inner surface of each circumferential segment 102 and / or on the outer surface of each end portion 34, without creating significant discomfort during assembly.
- the tip 14 of a third flexible pipe 1 10 according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 4.
- this tip 14 comprises, for each ring 57, 58, a support cannula 1 12 disposed inside each end section 34, opposite the ring 57, 58.
- the tip 14 further comprises an additional layer of adhesive 1 14 interposed between the inner surface of each end section 34 and the outer surface of the cannula 1 12.
- all the faces of the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29, including the inner face, have advantageously been pretreated during the assembly of the endpiece 14.
- the inner and outer surfaces of the sections end 34 of each weave element 29 were stripped and mechanically, physically and / or chemically treated according to the surface preparation methods described above.
- the cannula 1 12 comprises a cylindrical body 1 16 advantageously having a rear free edge 1 18 beveled. It comprises a front collar 120, placed in abutment against a front surface of the ring 57, 58. Thanks to the front collar 120, the cannula 1 12 is fixed axially on the ring 57, 58, which prevents it from moving axially rearwardly.
- the cylindrical body 1 16 of the cannula 1 12 defines with the ring 57, 58 an intermediate space for receiving each end portion 34, and layers of adhesive 59, 1 14, the intermediate space being closed towards the before by the flange 120.
- the cylindrical body 1 16 has a small radial thickness, advantageously less than the radial thickness of each end section 34 and advantageously less than the radial thickness of each ring 57, 58.
- the additional layer of adhesive 114 is thin. Its radial thickness and advantageously less than the radial thickness of each end portion 34 and advantageously less than the radial thickness of each ring 57, 58.
- This radial thickness is similar to that of the adhesive layer 59.
- the front ring 57 further defines in its inner surface 90 a rear receiving housing 122 receiving the flange 120 of the rear cannula 1 12 disposed opposite the rear ring 58.
- the mounting of the nozzle 14 shown in Figure 4 differs from that of the tip 14 illustrated in Figure 3 in that the cannulas 1 12 are inserted under the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29, before the placing rings 57, 58.
- the presence of the cannulas January 12 increases the bonding surface of the end portions 34, without increasing the length of the tip 14.
- the bonding surface is substantially doubled due to the presence of the cannulas January 12, which doubles the axial tensile strength of the tip 14.
- the axial tensile forces taken by each cannula 1 12 via the layer additional adhesive 1 14 are transmitted to the rings 57, 58 through the front collars 1 12 which are arranged in abutment on the rings 57, 58.
- the tip 14 of a fourth flexible pipe 130 is illustrated in FIG.
- the inner peripheral surface 90 of at least one ring 57, 58 has a first axial region 132 located at a first radial distance D1 of each armor element 29 and a second axial region 134 located at a second radial distance D2 of each armor element 29, the first radial distance D1 being different from the second radial distance D2.
- the first radial distance D1 of the first axial region 132 located further forward is less than the second radial distance D2 of the second axial region 134 located further back.
- the inner peripheral surface 90 furthermore has a third axial region 136 situated behind the second axial region 132.
- the third axial region 136 is situated at a third radial distance D3 of each armor element 29.
- the third radial distance D3 is greater than the second radial distance D2.
- the inner peripheral surface 90 defines a step whose radial spacing with the end portions 34 of the armor members 29 increases by moving axially from front to back.
- the adhesive layer 59 thus has a first axial portion 138 disposed facing the first axial region 132, a second axial portion 140 disposed opposite the second axial region 134, and advantageously, a third axial portion 142 disposed facing the third axial region 136.
- the radial thickness of the adhesive layer 59 is different and increasing from one axial portion 138, 140, 142 to the other from the front to the back.
- the adhesive layer 59 thus has increased shear flexibility and provides more freedom of movement to the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29, relative to the front of the ring 57, 58 where the end sections 34 are completely blocked.
- Figure 6 illustrates the tip 14 of a fifth flexible pipe 150 according to the invention.
- the adhesive layer 59 disposed opposite each ring 57, 58 comprises a first axial portion 138 formed from a relatively stronger first adhesive and a second rear axial portion 140 formed from a second adhesive relatively more flexible than the first adhesive.
- the rigidity of the adhesive is characterized by its elastic modulus, as measured on a tensile test of a bonded assembly made according to EN 1465.
- Examples of relatively more rigid adhesives are one- or two-component epoxies, thermosets, one- or two-component cyanoacrylates.
- Examples of relatively more flexible adhesives are one- or two-component polyurethanes, one- and two-component acrylics, polyurethane hot melt adhesives, and plastisols.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 59 is constant along the ring 57, 58. In a variant, this thickness varies, as illustrated by FIG.
- the tip 14 of a sixth flexible pipe 160 according to the invention is illustrated in FIG.
- the intermediate spaces 162, 164 of the receiving chamber 52 located respectively axially at the front and at the rear of each ring 57, 58 are filled with a material filling.
- This filling material is preferably more flexible than the adhesive forming the adhesive layer 59.
- the filling material blocks the armor elements 29 progressively in the rear intermediate space 164 and wedges the rings 57, 58 in the housing. intermediate space before 162.
- At least the rear intermediate space 164 is filled with a polyurethane.
- This material seals, limits the lateral movements of the end sections 34 and promotes their embedding.
- the tip 14 of a seventh flexible pipe 170 according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 8.
- the intermediate space before 162 and / or the rear intermediate space 164 are filled by a seal delimiting the migration of water.
- This seal is for example formed by an oil bath, a silicone, or / and a polyurethane.
- the seal is furthermore advantageously disposed in an annular space 172 inside the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29, between the pressure vault 28 and the armor elements 29.
- the seal prevents water from entering the chamber 52 and reaching the adhesive layer 59. This increases the resistance to aging and fatigue of the nozzle 14.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a subassembly of a nozzle of an eighth flexible pipe according to the invention, and constitutes a variant of the second pipe shown in FIG.
- the inner peripheral surface 90 of the ring 57, 58 is not cylindrical, the inner surface of the ring 57, 58 defines a central groove 203.
- the inner peripheral surface 90 has three axial cylindrical regions, namely two lateral axial regions 200, 202 located at a first radial distance from the longitudinal axis of the ring 57, 58, and a central axial region 201 located at a second radial distance greater than the first radial distance.
- the difference E between the second and the first radial distance defines the depth of the central groove 203.
- the depth E of the central groove 203 is advantageously between 1 mm and 2 mm.
- the adhesive layer 59 disposed between the end sections 34 and the inner peripheral surface 90 thus has a greater radial thickness with respect to the central groove 90 than with respect to the two lateral axial regions 200, 202.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 59 with respect to the central groove 203 always remains greater than E, which guarantees a thickness of the Adhesive layer 59 adequate to obtain a good quality of bonding with respect to the central groove 203.
- This embodiment can be generalized by using several grooves of the same depth instead of just one, or by using a helical groove of constant depth.
- the helical shape of the groove 203 facilitates the introduction of the adhesive into the groove 203, especially when the ring 57 is engaged around the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29 by pivoting it about its axis. 'front to back.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a subassembly of a tip of a ninth flexible pipe according to the invention, and constitutes a variant of the fourth pipe shown in FIG.
- the inner face of the ring 57, 58 has three grooves, namely a front groove 205 of depth E1, a central groove 209 of depth E2 and a rear groove 212 of depth E3.
- the 58 has four cylindrical axial regions 204, 207, 210, 21 1 coaxial and of the same radius.
- the depth E1 is less than the depth E2 which is itself less than the depth E3.
- This embodiment can be generalized by increasing the number of grooves, or by using a helical groove whose depth increases progressively from front to rear of the ring 57, 58.
- the endpiece is equipped with a ring cooling system 57, 58 whose function is to lower the temperature of the adhesive layer 59.
- a ring cooling system 57, 58 whose function is to lower the temperature of the adhesive layer 59. This allows the layer of adhesive to keep durably its mechanical properties, and this, even when the fluid transported by the flexible pipe 10 has a high temperature, for example greater than or equal to 130 ° C.
- the pretreatment of the surface prior to the bonding step is carried out not only on the faces of the end sections 34 of the armor elements 29, but also on the inner face of the rings 57, 58 and optionally on the outer face of the cannulas 1 12.
- the axial tension force exerted by the pipe 10 is first transmitted from the armor elements 29 of the armor layers 24, 25 to the rings 57, 58 via the adhesive layer 59.
- the axial tension force is then transmitted from the rings 57, 58 to the hood 51 and / or the end vault 50 via fastening means completely independent of the flexible pipe, for example , an adhesive layer and / or by axial wedging on a mechanical stop formed on the cover 51, or by another ring 58.
- the rings 57, 58 are fixed in axial translation relative to the cover 51 and / or by relative to the end vault 50 independently of the concentric layers of the flexible pipe 10.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1610787.2A GB2535946A (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | Connecting end piece of a flexible conduit, and associated flexible conduit and method |
DKPA201670448A DK179633B1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | Connection end-fitting of a flexible conduit, and associated flexible conduit and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1363479 | 2013-12-23 | ||
FR1363479A FR3015628B1 (fr) | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | Embout de connexion d'une conduite flexible, conduite flexible et procede associes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015097246A1 true WO2015097246A1 (fr) | 2015-07-02 |
Family
ID=50179838
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2014/079241 WO2015097246A1 (fr) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-23 | Embout de connexion d'une conduite flexible, conduite flexible et procédé associés |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DK (1) | DK179633B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3015628B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2535946A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015097246A1 (fr) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3415545A (en) * | 1966-12-28 | 1968-12-10 | United States Steel Corp | Terminal for armored hose |
FR2164407A5 (fr) * | 1971-12-10 | 1973-07-27 | Exxon Production Research Co | |
GB2329439A (en) * | 1997-09-23 | 1999-03-24 | Taurus Emerge Gumiipari Kft | High pressure flexible hose structure and procedure for its manufacture |
FR2816389A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-08 | 2002-05-10 | Coflexip | Embout pour conduite flexible |
FR2920855A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-03-13 | Technip France Sa | Procede de montage d'un embout sur une conduite pour former un raccord. |
WO2013083597A1 (fr) * | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-13 | Technip France | Ensemble d'un embout de connexion et d'une conduite flexible de transport d'un fluide cryogénique |
-
2013
- 2013-12-23 FR FR1363479A patent/FR3015628B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-12-23 GB GB1610787.2A patent/GB2535946A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-12-23 DK DKPA201670448A patent/DK179633B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-12-23 WO PCT/EP2014/079241 patent/WO2015097246A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3415545A (en) * | 1966-12-28 | 1968-12-10 | United States Steel Corp | Terminal for armored hose |
FR2164407A5 (fr) * | 1971-12-10 | 1973-07-27 | Exxon Production Research Co | |
GB2329439A (en) * | 1997-09-23 | 1999-03-24 | Taurus Emerge Gumiipari Kft | High pressure flexible hose structure and procedure for its manufacture |
FR2816389A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-08 | 2002-05-10 | Coflexip | Embout pour conduite flexible |
FR2920855A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-03-13 | Technip France Sa | Procede de montage d'un embout sur une conduite pour former un raccord. |
WO2013083597A1 (fr) * | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-13 | Technip France | Ensemble d'un embout de connexion et d'une conduite flexible de transport d'un fluide cryogénique |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3015628A1 (fr) | 2015-06-26 |
DK201670448A1 (en) | 2016-07-04 |
FR3015628B1 (fr) | 2016-05-27 |
GB2535946A9 (en) | 2020-01-15 |
GB2535946A (en) | 2016-08-31 |
DK179633B1 (en) | 2019-03-05 |
GB201610787D0 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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