WO2015097175A1 - A method for scouring wool - Google Patents
A method for scouring wool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015097175A1 WO2015097175A1 PCT/EP2014/079058 EP2014079058W WO2015097175A1 WO 2015097175 A1 WO2015097175 A1 WO 2015097175A1 EP 2014079058 W EP2014079058 W EP 2014079058W WO 2015097175 A1 WO2015097175 A1 WO 2015097175A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wool
- alcohol
- lanolin
- scouring
- formula
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C3/00—Treatment of animal material, e.g. chemical scouring of wool
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method for scouring wool, specifically relates to a method for scouring wool with a composition comprising an alcohol alkoxylate.
- Wool straight off a sheep known as "greasy wool” or “wool in the grease” contains a high level of lanolin, as well as dirt, dead skin, sweat residue, pesticide, and vegetable matter. Before the wool can be used for commercial purposes, it must be scoured via a process of cleaning the greasy wool. Scouring may be as simple as a bath in warm water, or as complicated as an industrial process using detergent and alkali, and specialized equipment.
- Lanolin removed from wool is valuable, for example, it is widely used in cosmetic products such as hand creams.
- lanolin is extracted by washing the wool in hot water with a special wool scouring detergent to remove dirt, wool grease (crude lanolin), suint (sweat salts), and anything else stuck to the wool.
- the wool grease is continuously removed during this washing process by centrifugal separators, which concentrate it into a wax-like substance melting at approximately 36 ⁇ 42°C (96-108°F).
- lanolin is complex and variable in composition.
- a typical high purity grade of lanolin is composed predominantly of long chain waxy esters (about 97% by weight) with the remainder being lanolin alcohols, lanolin acids and lanolin hydrocarbons.
- An estimated 8,000 to 20,000 different types of lanolin esters are present in lanolin, resulting from combinations between the 200 or so different lanolin acids and the 100 or so different lanolin alcohols identified so far.
- WO 94/00508 disclosed that compounds derived from alkenyl succinic anhydrides having particularly Ci 4 to C 22 alk(en)yl groups and/or substituents of functional groups elsewhere around the molecule give materials which have significantly and surprisingly different properties. In particular they perform well as nonionic surfactants, particularly in aqueous systems, having unexpected cloud point properties indicating good performance at elevated temperatures and have good behavior in alkaline conditions. Also the surfactants have good biodegradation properties. End uses for the surfactant were also disclosed, which include wool scouring. It was mentioned that the surfactants are very effective wool scouring surfactants, in particular retaining their activity well after multiple scouring cycles, even when used in scouring wool with very fine fibers. The reference disclosed the particular surfactants with good performances in wool scouring, yet did not focus on a composition which includes the surfactants and using such specific combinations as detergent for wool scouring process.
- WO 99/1 6942 disclosed a method of scouring and chemically processing wool or other like fiber in a modified scour in order to produce scoured fibers greatly improved in respect of a number of important quality parameters.
- the method involved a series of processes to have fibers such as wool subjected to acid extraction, bleaching, chemical reduction, and treatments with detergents and dispersant step by step, wherein a nonionic detergent was used for scouring the fibers, a low foaming nonionic detergent together with a dispersing agent and an optional reducing agent was used for extra scouring the fibers, and EDTA together with sulphuric acid and optional reducing agent was used for iron extraction from the fibers.
- the method is a complex process which is a combination of different treatment steps, wherein different chemicals are used for the different treatment steps, respectively. Description of the Invention
- the present invention provides for a method for scouring wool with a composition comprising an alcohol alkoxylate.
- the composition is capable of degreasing wool at a relatively lower dosage, and of removing lanolin or grease from the wool more quickly.
- the composition has excellent storage stability, which overcomes some of the storage problems observed with conventional detergents.
- the present invention developed a series of wool scouring detergents based on an aqueous composition
- an aqueous composition comprising an alcohol alkoxylate, water and optional additives including, but not limited to, quaternary ammonium compounds serving as hydrotrope, polymeric dispersants for suspending dirt particles and for preventing stain re-deposition, chelate agents for chelating metal ions such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and fillers for improving antifreeze stability of the formulation and for modifying the rheology of the product.
- the compositions according to the present invention were found to exhibit both high detergency in wool scouring, and high stability over wide temperature range, along with an increase in the lanoline recovery efficiency and purity.
- the alcohol alkoxylate used as the surfactant is in the form of an alcohol alkoxylate mixture with the following general formula (I):
- R represents linear or branched hydrocarbyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms; preferably having 6 to 13 carbon atoms; more preferably having 9 to 11 carbon atoms.
- AO represents a C 2 -C 6 alkyleneoxy unit
- n is from 1 to 20, preferably from 2 to 9, more preferably from 4 to 7.
- n means the moles of alkyleneoxy unit addition per mole of the surfactant of formula (I), which is an average value.
- the solubility of the detergent and its ability to emulsify lanolin are related to the HLB value of the alcohol alkoxylates used in the composition.
- the HLB value is calculated according to Davies scale (0-40), for both cationic and nonionic surfactants mentioned in the present invention.
- the length of both the hydrophobic alkyl chain and the hydrophilic alkyloxy chain of alcohol alkoxylates determines the resulting HLB value of alcohol alkoxylates.
- the alcohol alkoxylates used in the present invention have an HLB of from 10.0 to 15.0.
- the cloud point of the resulting wool scouring composition is kept within a range such that the alcohol alkoxylates remain stable during the wool scouring process, while become cloudy or phase separated when the temperature is raised to or above the temperature for lanolin recovery.
- the alcohol alkoxylates do not behave as an effective emulsifier at a temperature higher than the cloud point.
- easier demulsification of lanolin was found to be achieved in lanolin recovery process.
- the alcohol alkoxylates with relatively short hydrophilic alkyloxy chain according to the present invention were found to have improved biodegradation properties in comparison with those having longer hydrophilic alkyloxy chain, and they are therefore more environmental friendly.
- alkyleneoxy units distribution in the alcohol alkoxylate showed great influence on lanolin detergency and recovery.
- alcohol alkoxylates of narrow range alkyleneoxy units distribution were used as surfactant in the detergent composition of the present invention, they were observed to result in more effective detergency, and more complete separation of lanolin than those observed with broad range distribution of alkyleneoxy units.
- the alcohol alkoxylate used according to the present invention is a mixture which inherently include residue of unreacted alcohol, alcohol alkoxylates with low addition of alkyleneoxy unit, as well as alcohol alkoxylates with excessively high addition of alkyleneoxy unit.
- residue of unreacted alcohol and alcohol alkoxylates with low addition of alkyleneoxy unit may result in unwanted odor of the degreased wool, and that the alcohol alkoxylates with excessively high addition of alkyleneoxy unit may adversely increase cloud point of the mixture alcohol alkoxylates, for example, to a temperature above the lanolin recovery temperature, which decreases lanolin recovery efficiency.
- narrow range means the alcohol alkoxylate for use in the composition has a narrower distribution of the moles of alkyleneoxy addition than a normal alcohol alkoxylate, i.e., "broad range” alcohol alkoxylate.
- the narrow range alcohol alkoxylate used in the present invention has a distribution of the moles of alkyleneoxy units addition not greater than 20, preferably not greater than 9, and more preferably not greater than 7, meanwhile the moles of alkyleneoxy units is preferably not less than 2, and more preferably not less than 4.
- the narrow range mixture of alcohol alkoxylates is such that, not less than 40 wt%, preferably not less than 60 wt%, more preferably not less than 70 wt%, of the alcohol alkoxylates has a distribution of the moles of alkyleneoxy units addition not greater than 20, preferably not greater than 9, and more preferably not greater than 7, meanwhile the moles of alkyleneoxy units addition is preferably not less than 2, and more preferably not less than 4.
- the alcohol alkoxylate used in the composition according to the present invention are advantageously presented as aqueous solution.
- the cloud point of the composition according to the present invention is kept relatively low, which is actually close to room temperature. Therefore, when at room temperature or a higher temperature that is usually applied in either wool scouring process or lanolin recovery process, it is easy for the composition of the present invention to turn hazy or be further separated into two phases of alcohol alkoxylate and water, depending on the characteristic of different alcohol alkoxylates used in the composition.
- a hydrotrope is required to be further added into the composition, to solubilize the nonionic surfactant and to enhance the wetting ability of the composition, such that the otherwise insoluble nonionic surfactant is dissolved in the solution and may exert its wetting ability.
- a number of hydrotropes for nonionic surfactants have been described in various publications. Generally, the hydrotrope suitable for use in the detergent composition of the present invention should be efficient in solubilizing non-ionic surfactants according to above formula (I).
- the hydrotropes are further selected, so as to minimize or eliminate the adverse effects of hydrotropes on the formulation, such as additional foaming, decreased lanolin recovery, etc.
- Example of such a hydrotrope includes, but is not limited to, bis(ethoxylated) monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compound having the formula (II),
- R is C 6 - C 22 hydrocarbyl, preferably C 6 - C 22 alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably C 8 - C 2 o alkyl or alkenyl, and most preferably do - Ci 8 alkyl or alkenyl;
- R 1 is Ci - C 4 alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl, and most preferably methyl;
- x is a number from 1 to 40, y is a number from 1 to 40 with the provision that x + y is at least 8, preferably at least 9, and most preferably at least 10, and at most 25, preferably at most 20, and most preferably at most 17;
- a " is an anion, e.g. halide or methylsulfate.
- ammonium compounds useful in the present invention have an HLB of 25.0-31 .0 and are very efficient hydrotropes for nonionic surfactants, therefore they aid in the cleaning performance of compositions where they are present in combination with nonionic surfactants.
- the weight ratio between the alcohol alkoxylate and the bis(ethoyxlated) monoalkyi quaternary ammonium compound is from 99 : 1 to 60 : 40, and preferably from 90 : 10 to 70 :
- the composition according to the present invention is designed to be diluted in an aqueous system.
- the concentration of the detergent in the final use solution can be adjusted accordingly.
- the total amount of the alcohol alkoxylate of formula (I) and, if present, the hydrotrope of formula (II) in said aqueous system is greater than 10 ppm, and less than 1000 ppm, preferably greater than 100 ppm, and less than 1000 ppm.
- a method for scouring wool comprises contacting the wool with a composition comprising alcohol alkoxylates with the general formula (I).
- the alcohol alkoxylates used in the composition of the present invention have a narrow range distribution of alkeleneoxy units, wherein not less than 40 wt%, preferably not less than 60 wt%, more preferably not less than 70 wt%, of the alcohol alkoxylates has a distribution of the addition of alkyleneoxy units not greater than 20, preferably not greater than 9, and more preferably not greater than 7, meanwhile the addition of alkyleneoxy units is preferably not less than 2, and more preferably not less than 4.
- the alcohol alkoxylates having the general formula (I) are selected from alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol propoxylates, or a combination thereof, wherein AO represents ethyleneoxy unit, propyleneoxy unit, or a combination thereof, R and n being the same as defined above.
- AO represents ethyleneoxy unit, propyleneoxy unit, or a combination thereof
- R and n being the same as defined above.
- the addition of ethylene oxide units is on average within the range of 2-9
- the addition of propylene oxide unit is on average within the range of 0-5.
- a hydrotrope selected from bis(ethoxylated) monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compound having the formula (II) is included in such an amount that the weight ratio between the alcohol alkoxylate of formula (I) and the bis(ethoyxlated) monoalkyl quaternary ammonium compound of formula (II) is from 99 : 1 to 60 : 40, and preferably from 90 : 10 to 70 : 30.
- the composition according to the present invention is designed to be diluted in an aqueous system to such a concentration that, the total amount of the alcohol alkoxylate of formula (I) and, if present, the hydrotrope of formula (II) in said aqueous system is greater than 10 ppm, and less than 1000 ppm, preferably greater than 100 ppm, and less than 1000 ppm.
- the composition may also contain other optional additives, such as alkyl glucoside, alkyl sulphate, alkyl ether sulphate, etc.
- the composition may also contain polymeric dispersing agents, chelates, enzymes, pH-controlling agents, bactericides, perfumes, colorants and rheology modifiers, and other components usually appearing in cleaning concentrates.
- composition according to the present invention may be used as a detergent in wool scouring processes and/or lanolin recovery.
- advantages achieved by the composition of the present invention are as follows:
- the composition of the present invention exhibits excellent cleaning efficiency, as compared to conventional detergents used for wool scouring.
- composition of the present invention may result in better lanolin recovery.
- the alcohol alkoxylates with low number of alkylene oxide units per molecule while form stable emulsions with lanolin under scouring process, fail to emulsify lanolin in the recovery process where temperature higher than the cloud point is usually applied. Consequently the emulsion break and alcohol alkoxylates may release much more lanolin compared to their higher numbers of alkylene oxide units counterparts.
- composition of the present invention exhibits excellent product stability. It may be stored for a long period without clouding or being phase-separated, even during the winter time at those cold areas.
- Figure 1 provides pictures showing whiteness of the wool after rinsing and drying with different detergent formulations
- Figure 2 provides pictures showing the results of lanolin recovery efficiency test on different detergent formulations and at different time points
- Figure 3 provides pictures showing the results of separation test on different detergent formulations.
- Detergent formulations with compositions specified in Table 1 were made.
- the quanternary ammonium compound was added as a hydrotrope to stabilize the formulation at elevated temperature and to assist cleaning.
- the detergent efficiency was evaluated based on the whiteness of the wool after rinsing and drying, and was summarized in Figure 1 .
- formulations were made with a number of hydrotropes specified in Table 2 to compare hydrotrope efficiency.
- the numbers in the Table 2 are expressed in wt.%, and water is added to balance the total to 100%.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2016007992A MX2016007992A (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | A method for scouring wool. |
EP14824842.0A EP3087218A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | A method for scouring wool |
SG11201605017TA SG11201605017TA (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | A method for scouring wool |
AU2014372605A AU2014372605A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | A method for scouring wool |
KR1020167017332A KR20160100989A (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | A method for scouring wool |
JP2016540532A JP2017503090A (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | Wool refining method |
RU2016128716A RU2016128716A (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | METHOD FOR WASHING WOOL |
CN201480066568.1A CN105874108A (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | Method for scouring wool |
US15/107,172 US20170009379A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | Method for Scouring Wool |
ZA2016/03763A ZA201603763B (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2016-06-02 | A method for scouring wool |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2013090212 | 2013-12-23 | ||
CNPCT/CN2013/090212 | 2013-12-23 | ||
EP14155997 | 2014-02-20 | ||
EP14155997.1 | 2014-02-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015097175A1 true WO2015097175A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
Family
ID=52302209
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2014/079058 WO2015097175A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2014-12-22 | A method for scouring wool |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170009379A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3087218A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2017503090A (en) |
CN (1) | CN105874108A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2014372605A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2016007992A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2016128716A (en) |
SG (1) | SG11201605017TA (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015097175A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116695259B (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-02-23 | 广州达维健健康工程有限公司 | Low-temperature washing method for raw wool |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB716641A (en) * | 1951-04-06 | 1954-10-13 | Salkin Nicolas | Method of scouring suint wool |
EP0494797A2 (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1992-07-15 | JOSEPH CROSFIELD & SONS LTD. | Wool scouring |
US20020165115A1 (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 2002-11-07 | Judith Daniels | Non-ionic surfactant compositions |
EP1431383A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Single compartment unit dose fabric treatment product comprising pouched compositions with cationic fabric softener actives |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0616028A1 (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-09-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleaning compositions with short chain nonionic surfactants |
JPH08199472A (en) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-08-06 | Nippon Saafuakutanto Kogyo Kk | Scouring and cleaning agent composition for fiber |
JP3305678B2 (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2002-07-24 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | Textile scouring agent |
US6680286B1 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2004-01-20 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Detergent composition comprising a quaternary ammonium salt of a carboxyl containing polymer |
US6462014B1 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-08 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Low foaming/defoaming compositions containing alkoxylated quaternary ammonium compounds |
JP3894895B2 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2007-03-22 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Cleaning composition |
EP1431381A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Single compartment unit dose fabric treatment product comprising pouched compositions with cationic fabric softener actives |
CA2715690C (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2016-09-06 | Ecolab Inc. | Ultra-concentrated liquid degreaser composition |
-
2014
- 2014-12-22 US US15/107,172 patent/US20170009379A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-12-22 JP JP2016540532A patent/JP2017503090A/en active Pending
- 2014-12-22 WO PCT/EP2014/079058 patent/WO2015097175A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-12-22 CN CN201480066568.1A patent/CN105874108A/en active Pending
- 2014-12-22 AU AU2014372605A patent/AU2014372605A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-12-22 RU RU2016128716A patent/RU2016128716A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-12-22 SG SG11201605017TA patent/SG11201605017TA/en unknown
- 2014-12-22 EP EP14824842.0A patent/EP3087218A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-12-22 MX MX2016007992A patent/MX2016007992A/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB716641A (en) * | 1951-04-06 | 1954-10-13 | Salkin Nicolas | Method of scouring suint wool |
EP0494797A2 (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1992-07-15 | JOSEPH CROSFIELD & SONS LTD. | Wool scouring |
US20020165115A1 (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 2002-11-07 | Judith Daniels | Non-ionic surfactant compositions |
EP1431383A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-06-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Single compartment unit dose fabric treatment product comprising pouched compositions with cationic fabric softener actives |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
LABANDA J ET AL: "Wool scouring waste treatment by a combination of coagulation-flocculation process and membrane separation technology", CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING, ELSEVIER SEQUOIA, LAUSANNE, CH, vol. 47, no. 7, 1 July 2008 (2008-07-01), pages 1061 - 1068, XP022669174, ISSN: 0255-2701, [retrieved on 20080517], DOI: 10.1016/J.CEP.2007.07.010 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2016128716A (en) | 2018-01-30 |
US20170009379A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
JP2017503090A (en) | 2017-01-26 |
EP3087218A1 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
CN105874108A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
AU2014372605A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
MX2016007992A (en) | 2016-09-13 |
SG11201605017TA (en) | 2016-07-28 |
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