WO2015096352A1 - 一种超声造影成像方法及造影图像的区域检测、显像方法 - Google Patents
一种超声造影成像方法及造影图像的区域检测、显像方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52077—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging with means for elimination of unwanted signals, e.g. noise or interference
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B8/481—Diagnostic techniques involving the use of contrast agents, e.g. microbubbles introduced into the bloodstream
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Clinical applications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5207—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5269—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving detection or reduction of artifacts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5292—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves using additional data, e.g. patient information, image labeling, acquisition parameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
- G01S7/52036—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation
- G01S7/52038—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation involving non-linear properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target
- G01S7/52039—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation involving non-linear properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target exploiting the non-linear response of a contrast enhancer, e.g. a contrast agent
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/11—Region-based segmentation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/136—Segmentation; Edge detection involving thresholding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10132—Ultrasound image
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ultrasound contrast imaging technique, in particular to an ultrasound contrast imaging method and an area detection and imaging method of a contrast image. Background technique
- Ultrasound imaging is a relatively mature non-invasive detection method. Compared with CT and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), the advantages of less ultrasound, low cost, and convenient operation make ultrasound diagnosis the primary clinical examination. means.
- Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is the use of contrast agents to enhance the scattering echo, which can effectively improve the resolution, sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound diagnosis.
- the core of ultrasound contrast imaging is how to extract contrast agent echo components in the echo signal and suppress the echo components of the tissue.
- the imaging of contrast agent microbubbles by nonlinear detection method is currently the main method of contrast-enhanced ultrasound.
- amplitude modulation is used in the nonlinear detection method to transmit several pulses of different amplitudes, and the low amplitude echo signals are re-adjusted according to the amplitude ratio between the high and low pulses during reception, and the high amplitude echo signals are combined with Subtraction, this can eliminate the fundamental signal of the tissue; saturation makes the high and low amplitude signals do not satisfy the proportional relationship, which causes the linear components of the tissue to be canceled and remains in the contrast image.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasound contrast imaging method and a region detection and imaging method for a contrast image, which are based on a nonlinear fundamental image, combined with a nonlinear fundamental wave and linear fundamental information to accurately distinguish between Contrast agent area, tissue residue and noise area in the linear fundamental angiography image, and further inhibit tissue residue, enhance contrast agent information, and thus improve the CTR of the contrast image.
- a region detection method for a contrast image includes:
- the threshold value of the contrast agent signal and the tissue residual signal is determined by the histogram, and the image formed by the comparison process is divided into a contrast agent action region, a tissue residual action region and a noise action region by a wide value segmentation method.
- a method for imaging a contrast image comprising:
- the contrast image is segmented into a contrast agent region, a tissue residual region, and a noise region using the methods described above;
- a method for imaging a contrast image comprising:
- the contrast image is segmented into a contrast agent region, a tissue residual region, and a noise region using the methods described above;
- a method for imaging a contrast image comprising:
- the contrast image is segmented into a contrast agent region, a tissue residual region, and a noise region using the methods described above;
- a new contrast image is synthesized for display.
- a method for imaging a contrast image comprising:
- the contrast image is segmented into a contrast agent region, a tissue residual region, and a noise region using the methods described above;
- a new contrast image is synthesized for display.
- An ultrasound contrast imaging method includes:
- the linear component and the nonlinear component of the echo signal are respectively subjected to post-processing of a plurality of links, and a tissue image and a contrast image are respectively generated and displayed;
- the region of the contrast image is detected using the region detection method of the contrast image described above.
- the invention provides an ultrasound contrast imaging method and a region detection and imaging method for a contrast image,
- the CTR of the contrast-enhanced image is greatly improved, which is beneficial to clinical observation;
- the signal of the contrast agent is enhanced, so that the contrast dose injected during the ultrasound contrast can be greatly reduced, and the inspection cost is effectively reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of a first implementation manner of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of a second implementation manner of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of a third implementation manner of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the processing flow of the second embodiment.
- Fig. 5 is a histogram of signal values of an image formed by dividing the contrast signal and the tissue signal in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of an implementation manner of Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a process flow of another implementation manner of Embodiment 3. detailed description
- an ultrasound contrast imaging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps: 51 02, processing the echo signal, extracting the linear component and the nonlinear component of the echo signal;
- the tested subject is generally a human body, and the ultrasonic waves are reflected, refracted, and scattered (mainly reflected) during the propagation of the human body, and the echoes with the anatomical features of the human body are propagated back to the ultrasonic probe, and the ultrasound is transmitted.
- the probe converts the received echo into an electrical signal, the echo signal.
- the echo signal contains a lot of information.
- the echo signal needs to be processed to extract useful information, mainly including beam synthesis and extracting different signal components through various different filters.
- useful information mainly including beam synthesis and extracting different signal components through various different filters.
- the ultrasound contrast imaging process it is often necessary to extract two different signals, one linear component of the echo signal, reflecting the tissue anatomy, also known as the tissue signal; the other is the nonlinear component of the echo signal, reflecting The information of the contrast agent microbubbles is also called the contrast signal.
- the linear component is a linear fundamental wave signal
- the nonlinear component is a nonlinear fundamental wave signal.
- the linear component also needs post-processing to obtain the final tissue image.
- the post-processing of linear components mainly includes demodulation, entropy, dynamic range transformation, etc.
- nonlinear components are also required.
- the final contrast image can be obtained.
- the post-processing of the nonlinear component can be similar to the linear component, except that the parameters are selected differently during processing.
- the linear component and the nonlinear component are first compared, and then the compared image is segmented into contrast agent, tissue residual and noise using the method of threshold segmentation. Finally, the three regions of contrast agent, tissue residue and noise are marked at the corresponding positions of the original contrast image, and the contrast image of the nonlinear fundamental wave is divided into three regions of tissue residue, contrast agent and noise, and the contrast agent is accurately detected. Microbubble information.
- the linear component and the nonlinear component may be a tissue image and a contrast image generated after post-processing, as shown in FIG. 1; or may be an intermediate signal of a same link in the post-processing process, as shown in FIG. 2 It may also be an initial linear fundamental signal and a nonlinear fundamental signal obtained from the echo signal, as shown in FIG.
- the embodiment of the present invention further includes: S1 05, detecting the area of S 1 04 The result is shown on the contrast image, that is, the segmentation of the three regions of contrast agent, tissue residual and noise is displayed on the contrast image.
- the S105 is not a necessary step for ultrasound contrast imaging, and can be determined according to actual application requirements.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a region detection method for a contrast image, which is applicable to a nonlinear fundamental image, a second harmonic image, and any other non-linear detection technique.
- an area detection method for a contrast image includes the following steps:
- the tissue signal and the contrast signal are respectively a linear component and a nonlinear component of the echo signal in the ultrasound contrast imaging process.
- the tissue signal may be a linear fundamental wave signal of an echo in the ultrasound contrast imaging process, or a tissue image obtained by post-processing according to the linear fundamental wave signal, or may be any link in the post-processing process.
- the intermediate signal; the contrast signal may be a nonlinear fundamental wave signal of an echo during the ultrasound contrast imaging process, or may be a contrast image obtained by post-processing according to the nonlinear fundamental wave signal, or may be a post-processing process.
- the intermediate signal of any link may be any link.
- the post-processing mainly includes demodulation, entropy, dynamic range transformation, and the like; therefore, when the tissue signal and the contrast signal are intermediate signals in the post-processing process, The person should come from the same link in the post-processing.
- the main step of preprocessing is denoising, the purpose is to restore the size of the signal itself, to avoid the influence of TGC (Time Ga in Compensa te, time gain compensation) and noise on subsequent processing. It should be noted that the way of denoising is different for the tissue signals and contrast signals from different sources in S201.
- the comparison processing is implemented in two ways, one is to divide the contrast signal and the signal at the same position in the tissue signal, and may be the contrast signal divided by the tissue signal, or the tissue signal divided by the contrast signal. The other is to subtract the signal from the same position in the contrast signal and the tissue signal, and it may be that the contrast signal is subtracted from the tissue signal, or the tissue signal is subtracted from the contrast signal.
- the contrast processing method in which the contrast signal and the tissue signal are divided is used. As shown in Fig. 5, a histogram of the signal values of the image formed by dividing the contrast signal and the tissue signal.
- the noise signal Since the noise signal is mostly zero after denoising in the preprocessing of S2, it cannot be divided; therefore, when obtaining the histogram, the noise signal with zero signal value needs to be quantized. Finally, the signal value of the noise is shown in Fig. 5. The -60dB signal.
- the signal distribution of the image formed after the comparison process consists of two peaks and one valley, one of which has a larger peak and the other has a smaller peak.
- the histogram of Fig. 5 is approximately composed of two normal distributions, one is the normal distribution of the tissue residual at the center of the distribution with a small peak at -40 dB, and the other is the contrast agent with a larger peak at the center of the distribution at -15 dB. Normal distribution.
- the distribution interval will vary for different image content, but based on the characteristics of contrast-enhanced imaging, this feature of approximating two normal distributions is inevitable.
- the key to the wide value partitioning is to find a suitable wide value range.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides two methods for determining the wide value range.
- the first method is: find the smaller peak and larger peak of the histogram; the range of 2 or 3 standard deviations around the smaller peak is used as the distribution interval of the tissue residue, and the larger peak is about 2 or The range of 3 standard deviations is used as the distribution interval of the contrast agent; the upper limit of the tissue residual distribution interval and the lower limit of the contrast agent distribution interval are used as the median value of the contrast agent signal and the tissue residual signal.
- the second method is: finding smaller peaks and larger peaks of the histogram; using the trough between the smaller peak and the larger peak as the threshold of the contrast signal and the tissue residual signal.
- the region in which the signal value is larger than the threshold in the image formed by the comparison processing in S203 is marked as the contrast acting region, and the signal value is smaller than the threshold and larger than the noise signal.
- the remaining areas are labeled as noise-affected areas. Since the signal value of the noise is the -60 dB signal in Fig. 5 as explained in S401, the region where the signal value is less than or equal to -60 dB is the noise action region.
- the signal size distribution of the contrast agent and the tissue residual coincides, and the contrast agent and the tissue residue cannot be distinguished from the signal.
- the nonlinear fundamental wave contrast signal and the linear fundamental wave tissue signal are compared and processed.
- the distribution of the contrast agent signal and the tissue residual signal are different, and the appropriate threshold value can be used to segment which position is the contrast agent signal and which position is the tissue residual signal, and then the same division is performed on the original contrast image.
- the contrast image can be divided into three different regions of contrast agent, tissue residue and noise. Different methods of comparison processing, different methods of thresholding, can achieve separation of contrast agent and tissue residue regardless of division or subtraction.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for imaging a contrast image, which improves contrast between contrast agent and tissue residue by controlling the display weight of contrast agent, tissue residue and noise in the contrast image.
- the CTR effect of the contrast image can also reduce the display of noise and improve the SNR (S igna l to noisy Se Ra io) effect of the contrast image.
- a method for developing a contrast image includes dividing a contrast image into a contrast agent region, a tissue residual region, and a noise region by using the region detection method of the contrast image described in Embodiment 2. The method further includes: multiplying the contrast agent area, the tissue residual area, and the noise area by different coefficients P1, P2, and P3, and then combining the new contrast images for display.
- each coefficient will bring different display effects.
- a coefficient greater than 1 indicates that the component is highlighted, and the coefficient is less than 1, indicating that the component is weakened and the coefficient is equal to 0, indicating that the component is not displayed.
- Pl, P2 and P3. In order to achieve different image effects, you can flexibly control Pl, P2 and P3. Value.
- P1>1 is selected to increase the intensity of the contrast agent
- P2 ⁇ 1 is selected to weaken the development of the tissue residue
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Abstract
一种超声造影成像方法及造影图像的区域检测、显像方法。该造影图像的区域检测方法包括:获取超声造影成像过程中的组织信号和造影信号(S201);对组织信号和造影信号分别进行预处理(S202);将预处理后的组织信号和造影信号进行比较处理(S203);通过阈值分割的方式将比较处理后形成的图像分割成为造影剂作用区域、组织残留作用区域和噪声作用区域(S204);将造影图像上对应的位置分别标记为造影剂区域、组织残留作用区域和噪声作用区域(S205)。该区域检测方法大大提高了超声造影图像的CTR,有利于临床观察,并且增强了造影剂信号,使超声造影时注入的造影剂量降低,有效降低检査成本。
Description
说 明 书 一种超声造影成像方法及造影图像的区域检测、 显像方法 技术领域
本发明涉及超声造影成像技术, 具体涉及一种超声造影成像方法及造影图 像的区域检测、 显像方法。 背景技术
超声成像是目前比较成熟的无创检测方式, 相比于 CT和 MRI (Magnet ic Resonance Imag ing, 磁共振成像), 超声诊断的辐射少, 费用便宜, 操作方便 等优势使得超声诊断成为临床的首要检查手段。
超声造影是利用造影剂使散射回声增强, 可以有效提高超声诊断的分辨力、 敏感性和特异性。 超声造影成像技术的核心是如何提取回波信号中的造影剂回 波成分并抑制组织的回波成分。 目前, 以非线性检测方法进行造影剂微泡的成 像是目前超声造影的主要方法。
然而, 釆用现有技术中的超声造影方法, 检测到的造影剂信号中难免混入 组织成分。
一是由于系统电路本身的相消性能, 理论上两个幅度、 频率一样, 相位相 差 180度的波形相加为 0 , 然而实际电路中发射的正向脉冲和与正向脉冲相位相 差 180度的反向脉冲并不是完全对称的, 导致正、 反向脉冲相加后和不为 0 , 也 就是正、反向脉冲相消后不为 0。相消性影响造影图像的 CTR (contras t to t i s sue rat io , 造影组织比), CTR是衡量造影图像质量好坏的一个重要标准, 系统相消 性能越好 CTR越高, 造影剂和组织的差距越大, 图像表现就是组织显影更弱, 造 影剂图像的层次更清晰。 相反, 系统的相消性越差 CTR越差, 造影剂和组织的差 距越小, 即造影图像中残留的组织成分越多, 造影图像的对比分辨力越差。
二是由于组织也会产生非线性成分, 无论 MI (Mechanica l Index,机械指数) 多低, 组织中都会有少量的谐波成分存在, 非线性检测时包含了组织的非线性 成分。
三是由于信号太大, 每个系统都有自身的相消性能, 小信号相消后信号小, 强信号相消后的组织残留也很强, 强的组织残留使得造影信号和组织残留无法 区分。
四是由于饱和, 非线性检测方法中用到幅度调制, 发射几个振幅不同的脉 冲, 接收时根据高和低脉冲间的振幅比例将低幅回波信号重新调节, 并与高幅 回波信号相减, 这样能消除组织的基波信号; 饱和使高、 低幅信号不满足比例 关系, 导致组织的线性成分无法相消, 残留在造影图像中。
五是由于运动, 运动导致几次发射波形的相位、 幅度不满足线性相消条件, 使得线性组织成分消除留在造影图像中。 所以, 在目前的超声造影成像中, 都 无法避免组织残留的存在。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于, 提供一种超声造影成像方法及造影图像的区域检测、 显像方法, 以非线性基波造影图像为基础, 结合非线性基波和线性基波信息, 精确地识别区分非线性基波造影图像中的造影剂区域、 组织残留和噪声区域, 并进一步抑制组织残留, 增强造影剂信息, 进而提高造影图像的 CTR。
为实现上述目的, 本发明釆用以下技术方案:
一种造影图像的区域检测方法, 包括:
获取超声造影成像过程中的组织信号和造影信号;
将所述组织信号和造影信号进行比较处理, 获取比较处理后形成的图像的 信号值的直方分布图;
通过直方分布图确定造影剂信号和组织残留信号的阔值, 并通过阔值分割 的方式将比较处理后形成的图像分割成为造影剂作用区域、 组织残留作用区域 和噪声作用区域。
一种造影图像的显像方法, 包括:
使用以上所述的方法将造影图像分割为造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和噪声 区域;
将造影剂区域和组织残留区域分别乘以不同的系数后, 组合成新的造影图 像进行显示。
一种造影图像的显像方法, 包括:
使用以上所述的方法将造影图像分割为造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和噪声 区域;
将造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和噪声区域分别乘以不同的系数后, 组合成 新的造影图像进行显示。
一种造影图像的显像方法, 包括:
使用以上所述的方法将造影图像分割为造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和噪声 区域;
将造影剂区域、 组织残留区域、 噪声区域和原始造影信号分别乘以不同的 系数后, 组合成新的造影图像进行显示。
一种造影图像的显像方法, 包括:
使用以上所述的方法将造影图像分割为造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和噪声 区域;
将造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和原始造影信号分别乘以不同的系数后, 组 合成新的造影图像进行显示。
一种超声造影成像方法, 包括:
通过超声探头发射超声波到受测个体, 并获取回波信号;
对回波信号进行处理, 提取回波信号的线性成分和非线性成分;
分别对回波信号的线性成分和非线性成分进行多个环节的后处理, 分别生 成组织图像和造影图像, 并显示;
使用以上所述的造影图像的区域检测方法对造影图像进行区域检测。
本发明提供的一种超声造影成像方法及造影图像的区域检测、 显像方法,
一方面大大提高了超声造影图像的 CTR ,有利于临床观察; 另一方面增强了造影 剂的信号, 使超声造影时注入的造影剂量可以大大降低, 有效降低了检查成本。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对实施 例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述 中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付 出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为实施例一的第一种实现方式的处理流程示意图。
图 2为实施例一的第二种实现方式的处理流程示意图。
图 3为实施例一的第三种实现方式的处理流程示意图。
图 4为实施例二的处理流程示意图。
图 5 为实施例二中造影信号和组织信号相除后形成的图像的信号值的直方 分布图。
图 6为实施例三的一种实现方式的处理流程示意图。
图 7为实施例三的另一种实现方式的处理流程示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是 全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。 实施例一
如图 1至图 3所示, 本发明实施例提供的一种超声造影成像方法, 具体包 括以下步骤:
51 02、 对回波信号进行处理, 提取回波信号的线性成分和非线性成分;
51 03、 分别对回波信号的线性成分和非线性成分进行多个环节的后处理, 分别生成组织图像和造影图像, 并显示;
51 04、 对造影图像进行区域检测。
具体地, 在 S 1 01中, 受测个体一般是人体, 超声波在人体传播过程中经过 反射、 折射和散射(主要是反射), 带有人体组织解剖特征的回波又传播回超声 探头, 超声探头把接收到的回波转换成电信号, 即回波信号。
回波信号包含很多信息, 在 S 1 02中, 需要对回波信号进行处理, 提取有用 的信息, 主要包括波束合成和通过各种不同的滤波器提取不同的信号成分。 在 超声造影成像过程中, 往往需要提取两种不同的信号, 一种回波信号的线性成 分, 反映了组织解剖特征, 又称为组织信号; 另一种是回波信号的非线性成分, 反映造影剂微泡的信息, 又称为造影信号。 在本发明实施例中, 所述线性成分 为线性基波信号, 所述非线性成分为非线性基波信号。
线性成分还需要经过后处理才能得到最终的组织图像, 在 S 1 03中, 线性成 分的后处理主要包括解调、 求包络、 动态范围变换等几个环节; 同样的, 非线 性成分也要经过后处理才能得到最终的造影图像, 在 S 1 03中, 非线性成分的后 处理环节可以与线性成分的类似, 只是处理时参数的选择不同。
在 S 1 04中, 首先比较线性成分(线性基波信号)和非线性成分(非线性基 波信号), 接着利用阔值分割的方法将比较后的图像分割成造影剂、 组织残留和 噪声三个区域, 最后在原造影图像对应的位置标记造影剂、 组织残留和噪声三 个区域, 实现了将非线性基波的造影图像分成组织残留、 造影剂和噪声三个区 域, 精确地检测了造影剂微泡信息。 其中, 所述线性成分和非线性成分既可以 是经过后处理后生成的组织图像和造影图像, 如图 1 所示; 也可以是后处理过 程中某一相同环节的中间信号, 如图 2 所示; 还可以是根据回波信号获得的初 始线性基波信号和非线性基波信号, 如图 3所示。
具体地, 对造影图像进行区域检测的方法将在实施例二中进行详述。
作为改进, 如图 3所示, 本发明实施例还包括: S1 05、 将 S 1 04的区域检测
结果显示到造影图像上, 即将造影剂、 组织残留和噪声三个区域的分割情况显 示到造影图像上。 所述 S105不是超声造影成像的必须步骤, 可根据实际的应用 需求决定是否进行。 实施例二
本发明实施例提供了一种造影图像的区域检测方法, 其适用于非线性基波 造影图像、 二次谐波造影图像, 以及其他任何非线性检测技术形成的造影图像。
如图 4 所示, 本发明实施例提供的一种造影图像的区域检测方法包括以下 步骤:
S 201、 获取超声造影成像过程中的组织信号和造影信号;
5202、 对组织信号和造影信号分别进行预处理;
5203、 将预处理后的组织信号和造影信号进行比较处理, 获取比较处理后 形成的图像的信号值的直方分布图;
5204、 通过直方分布图确定造影剂信号和组织残留信号的阔值, 并通过阔 值分割的方式将 S203中比较处理后形成的图像分割成为造影剂作用区域、 组织 残留作用区域和噪声作用区域;
5205、 将造影图像上对应造影剂作用区域、 组织残留作用区域和噪声作用 区域的位置分别标记为造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和噪声区域。
在 S201中, 所述组织信号和造影信号分别为超声造影成像过程中的回波信 号的线性成分和非线性成分。 具体地, 所述组织信号既可以是超声造影成像过 程中的回波的线性基波信号, 也可以是根据线性基波信号进行后处理得到的组 织图像, 还可以是后处理过程中任何一个环节的中间信号; 所述造影信号既可 以是超声造影成像过程中的回波的非线性基波信号, 也可以是根据非线性基波 信号进行后处理得到的造影图像, 还可以是后处理过程中任何一个环节的中间 信号。 需要注意的是, 根据实施例一所述, 后处理主要包括解调、 求包络、 动 态范围变换等几个环节; 因此, 当组织信号和造影信号为后处理过程中的中间 信号时, 两者应来自于后处理中相同的环节。
在 S202中,预处理的主要步骤是去噪, 目的是还原信号自身大小,避免 TGC ( Time Ga in Compensa te , 时间增益补偿)及噪声对后续处理带来影响。 需要 注意的是, 对应 S201中不同环节来源的组织信号和造影信号, 去噪的方式是不 同的。
在 S203中, 所述比较处理的实现方式有两种, 一种是将造影信号和组织信 号中相同位置的信号相除, 可以是造影信号除以组织信号, 也可以是组织信号 除以造影信号; 另一种是将造影信号和组织信号中相同位置的信号相减, 可以 似乎造影信号减去组织信号, 也可以是组织信号减去造影信号。 本发明实施例 中, 釆用造影信号和组织信号相除的比较处理方式。 如图 5 所示, 为造影信号 和组织信号相除后形成的图像的信号值的直方分布图。 由于在 S2的预处理中去 噪后噪声信号大都为零, 不能相除; 因此在获取直方分布图时, 需将信号值为 零的噪声信号进行量化处理, 最终, 噪声的信号值是图 5中的 -60dB的信号。
从图 5 可以看出, 比较处理后形成的图像的信号分布由两个波峰和一个波 谷组成, 其中一个波峰峰值较大, 另一个波峰峰值较小。 图 5 的直方图近似为 由两个正态分布组成,一个是峰值较小的分布中心在 -40dB的组织残留的正态分 布, 另一个是峰值较大的分布中心在 -15dB的造影剂信号的正态分布。对于不同 的图像内容, 分布区间会有差异, 但基于超声造影成像的特性, 这种近似两个 正态分布的特征是必然的。
在 S204中, 阔值分割的关键是找到合适的阔值范围, 本发明实施例提供两 种确定阔值范围的方法。
其中, 第一种方法为: 找到直方分布图的较小峰值和较大峰值; 将较小峰 值左右 2个或 3个标准差的范围作为组织残留的分布区间, 将较大峰值左右 2 个或 3 个标准差的范围作为造影剂的分布区间; 取组织残留分布区间的上限和 造影剂分布区间的下限对应信号值的中值作为造影剂信号和组织残留信号的阔 值。
第二种方法为: 找到直方分布图的较小峰值和较大峰值; 将较小峰值和较 大峰值之间的波谷值作为造影剂信号和组织残留信号的阔值。
根据上述两种方法确定阔值后, 将 S203中比较处理后形成的图像中信号值 大于所述阔值的区域标记为造影剂作用区域, 信号值小于所述阔值且大于噪声 信号的区域标记为组织残留作用区域, 其余区域标记为噪声作用区域。 由于在 S401 中进行过说明, 噪声的信号值是图 5 中的 -60dB的信号, 因此信号值小于 或等于 -60dB的区域为噪声作用区域。
一般的造影图像中造影剂和组织残留的信号大小分布重合, 无法从信号上 区分造影剂和组织残留, 本发明实施例中, 非线性基波造影信号和线性基波组 织信号进行比较处理后的形成的图像中, 造影剂信号和组织残留信号的分布区 域不同, 用合适的阔值能分割出哪些位置是造影剂信号哪些位置是组织残留信 号, 再在原始的造影图像上进行同样的划分, 就能将造影图像划分成造影剂、 组织残留和噪声三种不同的区域。 比较处理的方式不同, 阔值分割的方法不同, 无论相除还是相减都能实现造影剂和组织残留的分离。 实施例三
本发明实施例在实施例二的基础上, 提供了一种造影图像的显像方法, 通 过控制造影图像中造影剂、 组织残留和噪声的显示权重, 实现提高造影剂和组 织残留的对比, 提高造影图像 CTR 效果, 也能减弱噪声的显示, 提高造影图像 SNR (S igna l to Noi se Ra t io, 信噪比)效果。
如图 6 所示, 本发明实施例提供的一种造影图像的显像方法, 包括使用实 施例二所述的造影图像的区域检测方法将造影图像分割为造影剂区域、 组织残 留区域和噪声区域, 还包括: 将造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和噪声区域分别乘 以不同的系数 Pl、 P2、 P3 , 然后再组合成新的造影图像进行显示。
其中, 各系数的不同取值将带来不同的显示效果。 系数大于 1 , 表明该成分 被强调显示, 系数小于 1 , 表明该成分被削弱显示, 系数等于 0 , 表明该成分不 被显示。 如果 P1=P2=P3=1 , 最终显示的效果和原始造影信号一样; 如果 P1>P2 , 造影剂和组织残留的对比拉大, 这样能达到提高图像 CTR的效果。 Pl、 P2和 P3 的选择有很多种, 为了达到不同的图像效果, 可以灵活地控制 Pl、 P2和 P3的
值。
为了呈现好的造影图像, 提高图像 CTR 的效果, 拉大造影剂和组织残留的 对比, 本发明实施例选取 P1>1, 提高造影剂的强度; 选取 P2<1, 减弱组织残留 的显影; 选取 P3=l, 使噪声更自然, 不用调整图像的整体增益。 通过 P1和 P2 参数的调整, 能够达到灵活控制造影图像 CTR 的效果, 让医生更容易区分造影 剂和组织残留, 更好地根据造影图像进行诊断。
如图 Ί所示, 为本发明实施例的一种改进的实现方式。 其在图 6所示的造 影图像的显像方法的基础上, 增加了原始造影信号的显示权重, 目的是使最终 显示的造影图像更加自然。 同样, 可以灵活地控制 Pl、 P2、 P3和 P4的值, 达 到不同的图像显示效果。 当 P4=0, 则图像显示效果与图 8—样; 只要 P4≠0, 则组织残留必然会被显示。 根据反复的试验证明, 为了提高图像 CTR 的效果, 使造影图像更加自然, 优选的一组权重值为: P2=P3=0, P1+P4 > 1, 0<P4<1。
最后应说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案, 而非对其限 制; 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 本领域的普通技术人员 应当理解: 其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改, 或者对其中 部分技术特征进行等同替换; 而这些修改或者替换, 并不使相应技术方案的本 质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims
1、 一种造影图像的区域检测方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取超声造影成像过程中的组织信号和造影信号;
将所述组织信号和造影信号进行比较处理, 获取比较处理后形成的图像的 信号值的直方分布图;
通过直方分布图确定造影剂信号和组织残留信号的阔值, 并通过阔值分割 的方式将比较处理后形成的图像分割成为造影剂作用区域、 组织残留作用区域 和噪声作用区域。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的造影图像的区域检测方法, 其特征在于, 所述组 织信号和造影信号分别为超声造影成像过程中的回波信号的线性成分和非线性 成分。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的造影图像的区域检测方法, 其特征在于, 所述将 预处理后的组织信号和造影信号进行比较处理的方法为: 将造影图和组织图上 相同位置的信号相减或相除。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的造影图像的区域检测方法, 其特征在于, 通过直 方分布图确定造影剂信号和组织残留信号的阔值的方法为:
找到直方分布图的较小峰值和较大峰值;
将较小峰值左右 2个或 3个标准差的范围作为组织残留的分布区间, 将较 大峰值左右 2个或 3个标准差的范围作为造影剂的分布区间;
取组织残留分布区间的上限和造影剂分布区间的下限对应信号值的中值作 为造影剂信号和组织残留信号的阔值。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的造影图像的区域检测方法, 其特征在于, 通过直 方分布图确定造影剂信号和组织残留信号的阔值的方法为:
找到直方分布图的较小峰值和较大峰值;
将较 d、峰值和较大峰值之间的波谷值作为造影剂信号和组织残留信号的阔 值。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的造影图像的区域检测方法, 其特征在于, 在将所 述组织信号和造影信号进行比较处理的步骤之前还包括: 对所述组织信号和造 影信号分别进行预处理。
7、 一种造影图像的显像方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
使用权利要求 1至 6任一所述的方法将造影图像分割为造影剂区域、 组织 残留区域和噪声区域;
将造影剂区域和组织残留区域分别乘以不同的系数后, 组合成新的造影图 像进行显示。
8、 一种造影图像的显像方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
使用权利要求 1至 6任一所述的方法将造影图像分割为造影剂区域、 组织 残留区域和噪声区域;
将造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和噪声区域分别乘以不同的系数后, 组合成 新的造影图像进行显示。
9、 一种造影图像的显像方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
使用权利要求 1至 6任一所述的方法将造影图像分割为造影剂区域、 组织 残留区域和噪声区域;
将造影剂区域、 组织残留区域、 噪声区域和原始造影信号分别乘以不同的
10、 一种造影图像的显像方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
使用权利要求 1至 6任一所述的方法将造影图像分割为造影剂区域、 组织 残留区域和噪声区域;
将造影剂区域、 组织残留区域和原始造影信号分别乘以不同的系数后, 组 合成新的造影图像进行显示。
11、 一种超声造影成像方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
通过超声探头发射超声波到受测个体, 并获取回波信号;
对回波信号进行处理, 提取回波信号的线性成分和非线性成分;
分别对回波信号的线性成分和非线性成分进行多个环节的后处理, 分别生 成组织图像和造影图像, 并显示;
使用权利要求 1至 6任一所述的造影图像的区域检测方法对造影图像进行 区域 ^检测。
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| CN108135566B (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2020-11-24 | 北京深迈瑞医疗电子技术研究院有限公司 | 一种增强超声造影图像的方法、系统及超声造影成像设备 |
| WO2019075621A1 (zh) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-04-25 | 北京深迈瑞医疗电子技术研究院有限公司 | 超声成像设备、系统及其超声造影成像的图像增强方法 |
| CN109124687B (zh) * | 2018-08-30 | 2021-05-14 | 飞依诺科技(苏州)有限公司 | 同时进行超声诊断和治疗的超声装置及医疗设备 |
| CN109498057B (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-09-28 | 深圳开立生物医疗科技股份有限公司 | 一种超声造影成像方法、系统、控制设备及存储介质 |
| EP3901898A1 (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-10-27 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Apparatus for determining decomposed spectral image data |
| WO2022006735A1 (zh) * | 2020-07-07 | 2022-01-13 | 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 | 超声造影成像方法、超声成像装置和存储介质 |
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| CN86107496A (zh) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-06-10 | 通用电气公司 | 用于超声波成象的自适应时间增益补偿系统 |
| US5577505A (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 1996-11-26 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Means for increasing sensitivity in non-linear ultrasound imaging systems |
| CN101170947A (zh) * | 2005-05-27 | 2008-04-30 | 株式会社日立医药 | 超声波诊断装置及超声波图像显示方法 |
| CN101791231A (zh) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-08-04 | 深圳市妇幼保健院 | 一种从超声图像上自动判断胎儿脑积水的图像处理方法 |
| CN102933154A (zh) * | 2010-06-04 | 2013-02-13 | 株式会社日立医疗器械 | 超声波诊断装置 |
| US20130079626A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-03-28 | Andriy Shmatukha | Systems and methods for automated dynamic contrast enhancement imaging |
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| US6095980A (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 2000-08-01 | Sunnybrook Health Science Centre | Pulse inversion doppler ultrasonic diagnostic imaging |
| US6638230B2 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-10-28 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Apparatus and method of frequency compounding to perform contrast imaging |
| CN102920477B (zh) * | 2012-03-05 | 2015-05-20 | 杭州弘恩医疗科技有限公司 | 医学影像的目标区域边界确定装置和方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN86107496A (zh) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-06-10 | 通用电气公司 | 用于超声波成象的自适应时间增益补偿系统 |
| US5577505A (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 1996-11-26 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Means for increasing sensitivity in non-linear ultrasound imaging systems |
| CN101170947A (zh) * | 2005-05-27 | 2008-04-30 | 株式会社日立医药 | 超声波诊断装置及超声波图像显示方法 |
| CN101791231A (zh) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-08-04 | 深圳市妇幼保健院 | 一种从超声图像上自动判断胎儿脑积水的图像处理方法 |
| CN102933154A (zh) * | 2010-06-04 | 2013-02-13 | 株式会社日立医疗器械 | 超声波诊断装置 |
| US20130079626A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-03-28 | Andriy Shmatukha | Systems and methods for automated dynamic contrast enhancement imaging |
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| CN104720850A (zh) | 2015-06-24 |
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