WO2015089694A1 - 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置 - Google Patents

用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015089694A1
WO2015089694A1 PCT/CN2013/089483 CN2013089483W WO2015089694A1 WO 2015089694 A1 WO2015089694 A1 WO 2015089694A1 CN 2013089483 W CN2013089483 W CN 2013089483W WO 2015089694 A1 WO2015089694 A1 WO 2015089694A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hearing aid
time
drying apparatus
heating
heat generating
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Application number
PCT/CN2013/089483
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐炜
徐斌
吴秋麒
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苏州立人听力器材有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州立人听力器材有限公司 filed Critical 苏州立人听力器材有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2013/089483 priority Critical patent/WO2015089694A1/zh
Publication of WO2015089694A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015089694A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/003—Small self-contained devices, e.g. portable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drying device, and more particularly to a zoned time sharing drying device for a hearing aid. Background technique
  • Hearing aids are delicate and valuable items. However, in the course of their use, they are inevitably exposed to moisture from the air and moisture in the ear. Therefore, in daily maintenance work, it is essential to eliminate moisture. The measures will directly affect the service life and use effect of the hearing aid.
  • the traditional method is to place the hearing aid in a container with a built-in desiccant.
  • This drying method has the following drawbacks:
  • the desiccant contains carcinogens and has the potential to seriously damage the health of the user; at the same time, the desiccant
  • the product contains tiny debris that can enter the hearing aid and cause blockages that affect the life of the hearing aid.
  • the invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a zoned time sharing drying device for a hearing aid with a stable thermostatic process, small temperature fluctuation and high temperature control precision.
  • a partitioned time-sharing drying device for a hearing aid comprising a casing, a drying device, and a casing cover that is open-closed and connected to the casing, the casing cover and the
  • the housing forms a receiving cavity for housing the hearing aid
  • the drying device comprises at least two sets of independently operating heating units, the heating unit comprising a heating element electrically connected to each other, a power supply circuit and a main control circuit, wherein the heating element is The main control circuit controls on or off in a time-sharing manner.
  • the partitioned time division drying apparatus for the hearing aid further includes the main control circuit including a single chip microcomputer for controlling on or off of the heating element in a time division manner.
  • the zoned time sharing drying device for the hearing aid further comprises
  • the main control circuit includes a time relay for controlling the conduction or disconnection of the heating element in a time division manner.
  • the zoned time division drying apparatus for the hearing aid further comprises a different number of heat generating elements in the respective sets of heat generating units.
  • the zoned time division drying apparatus for the hearing aid further includes a uniform distribution of the heat generating elements in each of the sets of heat generating units.
  • the zoned time division drying apparatus for the hearing aid further includes the heat generating elements of the respective sets of heat generating units spaced apart from each other.
  • the partitioned time-sharing drying apparatus for the hearing aid further includes a temperature collecting circuit, the temperature collecting circuit includes a plurality of temperature sensors, and the output ends of the plurality of temperature sensors are connected through a bus The single chip is connected.
  • the partitioned time-sharing drying apparatus for the hearing aid further includes a partition having a venting hole in the casing, and the receiving cavity and the drying device are arranged on both sides of the partition .
  • the zoned time division drying apparatus for the hearing aid further includes an ultraviolet light pipe disposed in the casing, the ultraviolet light pipe emitting ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200-280 nm.
  • the zoned time division drying apparatus for the hearing aid further includes a specularly reflective layer disposed on at least one inner wall of the receiving cavity.
  • the invention solves the defects existing in the background art, and the invention adopts the close-range high-intensity illumination of ultraviolet light, and the specular reflection layer provided at the same time enables the ultraviolet light to directly radiate and reflect to the hearing aid, thereby enhancing the irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet light and expanding Ultraviolet light irradiation range, with super strong and thorough sterilization and disinfection effect, does not use any chemicals, does not cause secondary pollution, and is simple and convenient to operate, has the advantages of safety, high efficiency and greenness.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an internal front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heat generating component partition according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • an electronic dryer for a hearing aid comprises a housing 2, a drying device and a cover 4 connected to the housing 2, the cover 4 being transparent, and the cover 4 Forming a receiving cavity 6 for housing the hearing aid with the housing 2, the drying device comprising at least two sets of independently operating heating units, the heating unit comprising a heating element electrically connected to each other, a power supply circuit 8 and a main control circuit 10, the heating element being controlled by the main control circuit 10 Time-sharing control is turned on or off.
  • At least two sets of heat generating units share a set of power supply circuit 8 and main control circuit 10.
  • the number of heat generating elements in each group of heat generating units is different.
  • the heat generating elements in each set of heat generating units are evenly distributed. It is further preferred that the heat generating elements in each group of heat generating units are spaced apart from each other.
  • the power circuit 8 is supplied with an +5V DC power supply by the adapter for powering each circuit.
  • the utility model comprises a USB port, a diode VD and a filter capacitor Cl.
  • the anode of the diode VD is connected with the power pin of the USB port
  • the cathode of the diode VD is connected with the anode of the filter capacitor C1
  • the cathode of the filter capacitor C1 is grounded with the USB port. Pin connection.
  • the diode VD acts as a polarity protection
  • C 1 is a filter capacitor.
  • the USB port is set to facilitate the user to obtain +5V power from the computer or mobile phone charger.
  • the main control circuit 10 uses the single chip U1 as the main control MCU, and controls the on or off of the heating element in a time-sharing manner.
  • the model of the single chip U1 is ATmega8, 28 pins. 12 ⁇ z crystal oscillator G to meet control speed and real-time performance.
  • the main control circuit 10 is not limited to a single chip microcomputer, and may also be a time relay, and can also control the conduction or cutoff of the heat generating component.
  • the temperature collecting circuit 12, the keying circuit 14 and the reset circuit 16, the temperature collecting circuit 12, the keying circuit 14 and the reset circuit 16 are all connected to the single chip U1.
  • the temperature collecting circuit 12 adopts a plurality of single-bus intelligent digital temperature sensors DS 18B20 , which are respectively connected with STl-STn o ST l and STn power supply ground GND, and the power input terminal Vcc is connected together and +5V provided by the power supply circuit.
  • the DC power supply is connected, and the digital signal input and output terminals DQ are connected together and connected to the PD2 port of the single chip U1. Only one port line can be used for two-way communication between DS 18B20 and single-chip U1, and multiple DS 18B20 temperature sensors can be connected on one bus to realize multi-point network temperature measurement and high temperature measurement accuracy. In the actual application, no external components are required, and no A/D conversion is required, and the digital temperature signal can be directly output.
  • the keying circuit 14 includes SB 1, SB1 - key multifunction. Press once, timing 2h, can be heated continuously for 2 hours; press twice, timing 4h, can be heated continuously for 4h; press three times, timing 6h, can be heated continuously for 6 hours. Set three times for one cycle, press the fourth time to enter the next cycle, press the fourth time for the timing 2h, press the fifth time for the timing 4h, press the sixth time for the timing for 6h, and so on. Press and hold SB 1 to set the cancel and shut down.
  • the reset circuit 16 includes C2 and R1, and the system is automatically reset upon power-on. At the beginning of power-on, that is, when the Vcc power supply is turned on, since the voltage on the capacitor C2 cannot be abruptly changed, C2 is equivalent to a short circuit at the instant of energization. The voltage of the Vcc power supply falls on Rl. This high level is added to the PC6/RST port of the MCU. As long as the high level added to the RST can last for 24 oscillation cycles, the MCU can be reset.
  • the display circuit 18 and the battery detecting circuit 20 can also be provided.
  • the display circuit 18 uses a S012864FPD-12CSBE dot matrix liquid crystal module LCD to display text, symbols and graphics.
  • the battery detection circuit 20 uses the analog-to-digital converter ADC of the ATmega8 microcontroller U1 to detect the battery voltage to determine the quality of the battery.
  • the ATmegaS microcontroller provides six successive approximation ADCs.
  • the four channels of ADC0-ADC3 provide 10-bit conversion accuracy.
  • the ADC4 and ADC5 channels only provide 8-bit conversion accuracy.
  • This circuit uses ADC0 to detect the level of the voltage. During the test, as long as the battery is placed in the detecting recess 22 of the housing 2 and pushed into contact with the pole piece (not shown) in the detecting recess 22, the battery is good or bad.
  • the positive pole is connected to the PC0 port of the single chip U1, and the negative pole of the pole piece is grounded.
  • the test results are displayed by the LCD in graphics and text. There are 4 states: When the battery graphic is a space, the text indicates that the battery is invalid; when the battery graphic has a grid, the text display is underpowered; when the battery graphic has two grids, the text indicates that the battery is low; When the power is three grids full, the text shows that the battery is fully charged.
  • Each group of heating elements includes a heating element Rf zn and a triode VTn, and the triode VTn is preferably a ⁇ -type triode, and a plurality of heating elements Rfzn of each group of heating units are connected in parallel, and one end of the parallel connection is connected with a +5V DC power supply, and the other end is corresponding to
  • the emitter of the transistor VTn is connected, the base of each transistor VTn is connected to the main control circuit 10, and the collector is connected to the ground.
  • At least two sets of heat generating units are connected in parallel to form a drying circuit 24.
  • the drying circuit 24 preferably includes three sets of independently operating heat generating units, including three sets of heat generating units.
  • the three sets of heating elements include, B, C three groups, preferably the A group heating elements include 5 Rfzl, the B group heating elements include 8 Rfz2, (the group heating elements include 12 Rfz3, 5 Rfzl parallel ends and +5V)
  • the DC power supply is connected, the other end is connected to the emitter of the triode VT1, the other end of the 8 Rfz2 is connected to the +5V DC power supply, the other end is connected to the emitter of the triode VT2, and the other end of the 12 Rfz3 is connected to the +5V DC power supply.
  • the other end is connected to the emitter of the transistor VT3, and the bases of the transistors VT1, VT2, and VT3 are respectively connected to the P3. 4 port, the P3.
  • the drying circuit 24 is provided with three heating zones, which are commanded by the single-chip microcomputer to realize the sub-period, sub-section alternate, crossover, superimposed heating, so as to keep the temperature of the electronic dryer constant.
  • the MCU issues an instruction, P3. 4 port, P3 5 port, P3. 7 port low level makes the triode VT1, VT2, VT3 turn on, Rfzl, Rfz2, Rfz3 get electric heating; P3. 4 port, P3. 5 port, P3.
  • triode VT1 , VT2, VT3 cutoff, Rfz l , Rfz2 , Rfz3 lose power and stop heating.
  • Rfz l , fz2 , Rfz3 all use patch PTC linear thermistors, because the chip type linear thermistor is made of PTC material with positive temperature coefficient, When the thermistor is heated by the current, the temperature rises, the resistance increases correspondingly, the current passing through is correspondingly reduced, and the heat generation is also correspondingly reduced, and the temperature is correspondingly decreased to be in a constant temperature state, and the temperature is automatically regulated.
  • the heating element uses 25 patch-type PTC linear thermistors, dense array layout, applied to the PCB. There are many hot spots, dense and thin, and there are no dead ends in the distribution. It has the characteristics of uniform heating and fast heating.
  • the PTC material has a positive temperature coefficient, the chip thermistor is energized and heated, the temperature rises, and the resistance increases accordingly, so the current passing through is correspondingly reduced, the heat generation is also reduced, and the temperature is correspondingly decreased and is in a constant temperature state, having an automatic Regulate temperature performance.
  • the sub-area divides the arrangement position of the heating elements into a plurality of areas; the time division divides the entire heating and drying process into several time periods. Now take the timing 4h, three zones, and three time zones as an example.
  • the electronic dryer starts from the timed start to the temperature rise to the upper limit of the set temperature. The temperature rise process takes 20 minutes. Thereafter, the first time period of insulation is between 1 hour and 12 hours after the first working period; the second holding period is between 2 hours after the first holding period and the second working period; and the third holding period is after the second holding period to the end of the timing.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the division of the three regions of the present embodiment: there are five heating elements Rfz l in the A region, eight heating elements Rfz2 in the B region, and twelve heating elements Rfz3 in the C region.
  • the above arrangement is based on the principle that the heating elements are evenly distributed and the heat is uniform.
  • the heating element in zone A is at least because the A zone works during the first period of heat preservation, and the residual heat is the largest.
  • a partition 30 with a venting opening 28 may be provided in the casing 2.
  • the receiving chamber 6 and the drying device are arranged on both sides of the partition 30.
  • the partition 30 is horizontally placed, and the drying device is located below the partition 30. The heat radiated from the heating element moves up along the vent hole 28 to facilitate drying of the hearing aid, and the partition 30 can also be placed vertically.
  • the housing 2 is provided with an ultraviolet light pipe 32 which emits ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 to 280 nm.
  • Ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 200-280 ⁇ can disinfect the hearing aid.
  • the ultraviolet light with a center wavelength of 254 nm is easily absorbed by the organism, and it acts on the DNA and RNA of the organism, causing it to be destroyed and causing the death of bacteria and viruses.
  • High-intensity ultraviolet light can be sterilized in a short period of time, and it can be killed in only one second for the bacterial propagule.
  • Ultraviolet light close-range high-intensity irradiation can kill the bacterial spores on the surface of the object. 99.9% or more And it has extremely strong sterilization effect on any bacteria and viruses.
  • At least one inner wall of the receiving cavity 6 is provided with a specular reflection layer 34, and the ultraviolet light can be directly radiated and reflected to the hearing aid, thereby improving the irradiation intensity and the irradiation range of the ultraviolet light, and the sterilization effect is good.
  • the specularly reflective layer 34 can be a lens, a metal mirror patch, a reflective film or a plated layer, the lens can be a glass mirror; and the metal mirror patch can be a stainless steel plate.
  • a safety switch 36 in the housing 2 can be turned on or off by opening and closing of the cover 4, and the safety switch 36 is connected to the PD3 port of the single chip U1 through the inverter IC.
  • the setting of the safety switch 36 can Avoid ultraviolet light to burn your eyes and skin, and fully protect your safety.
  • the safety switch 36 is a Hall switch, and a magnet 38 can be disposed on the inner wall of the cover 4, and the magnet 38 is adjacent to the safety switch 36 when the cover 4 is closed.
  • the safety switch 36 cuts off the ultraviolet tube 32.
  • the power supply, the ultraviolet tube 32 is extinguished, thereby fully protecting the safety of the user and avoiding burning of the eyes and skin.
  • the safety switch 36 is not limited to the Hall switch, and may be a pressure switch.
  • the pressure switch may be disposed in the housing 2, and the pressure switch is contacted when the cover 4 is closed. When the cover 4 is opened, the pressure disappears and there is a pressure change. , the conduction or cutting of the ultraviolet tube 32 is realized.
  • the ultraviolet light pipe 32, the electronic ballast AP1, the triode VT form a disinfection circuit 40, which is controlled by the PC3 port of the single chip U1.
  • the electronic ballast API illuminates the ultraviolet tube 32, and emits ultraviolet light for direct sterilization.
  • the safety switch 34 outputs a signal to the PD3 port of the single chip U1 through the inverter IC to turn on or off the power supply of the ultraviolet light pipe 30.
  • the single-chip microcomputer PB1, PB2, PB3 output low level, drive all the heating zones of the drying circuit 24 to heat up at the same time, until the temperature data collected by the DS18B20 has reached the preset upper temperature threshold, the LCD displays the instantaneous temperature, and the single-chip microcomputer U1 issues an instruction.
  • the PB2 and PB3 ports output a high level to turn off the heating main circuit B heating zone and the C heating zone. The whole machine enters the first holding period, and only the A heating zone performs compensation heating to keep the temperature constant.
  • the single-chip PB1 port outputs a high level to turn off the A heating zone, and the PB3 port outputs a low level to open the C heating zone for heating and insulation.
  • the PB3 port of the single-chip microcomputer outputs a high-level shutdown C heating zone, and the PB1 and PB2 ports output a low-level open A heating zone and a B heating zone to supplement heating until the end of the timing 4h.
  • set plus The secondary sterilization and disinfection are carried out in the whole process of heat, and the operation is automatically started when entering the first holding period and the second holding period respectively, and the ultraviolet tube 32 emits ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200-280 nm, and the generated ultraviolet light can be transmitted through the specular reflection layer.
  • the irradiation intensity and irradiation range is large, sterilization and disinfection, automatically extinguished after every ten minutes.
  • the safety switch 36 transmits a signal to the single chip U1, and the single chip U1 is switched to the emergency interrupt program to cut off the power of the ultraviolet tube 32, and the ultraviolet tube 32 is extinguished, thereby fully protecting the safety of the user.
  • the original heat preservation program will be automatically interrupted and the supplementary heating program will be preferentially entered.
  • the priority supplementary heating program will be automatically exited to resume the insulation process.
  • the insulation program is interrupted and the emergency program for cutting off the heating element is preferentially entered.
  • the emergency program is automatically exited to resume the insulation process.
  • Sub-regional, time-divisional alternation, crossover, and superheating are a new type of intelligent heating for hearing aids.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

　本发明涉及一种用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置，包括壳体、干燥装置以及与壳体开合连接的壳盖，壳盖与壳体形成收容助听器的收容腔，干燥装置包括至少两组独立工作的发热单元，发热单元包括相互电连接的发热元件、电源电路和主控电路，发热元件由主控电路分时控制导通或切断。本发明通过采用多个贴片式 PTC热敏电阻，密集型阵列布局，发热点多、密、细，不存在死角，具有发热均匀、升温快的特点，对助听器的干燥作用强，运用单片机控制技术实现分区域、分时段交替、交叉、迭加智能加热，整个过程始终保持有发热元件通电加热，不断补充失散的热量达到热动态平衡，因此恒温过程平稳，温度起伏小、控温精度高，实现了真正的恒温。

Description

用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种干燥装置， 尤其涉及一种用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置。 背景技术
助听器是一种精密贵重物品， 然而在其使用过程中不可避免要受到来自于 空气中的水汽以及耳内的湿气而受潮， 因此在日常的维护工作中， 祛除潮气是 一项必不可少的措施， 会直接影响到助听器的使用寿命和使用效果。 对于助听 器的干燥， 传统的方法是将助听器放在内置干燥剂的容器中， 这种干燥方式存 在以下缺陷： 干燥剂含有可致癌物质， 存在严重损害使用者身体健康的潜在风 险； 同时， 干燥剂产品中含有细小碎屑会进入助听器内并对其造成堵塞， 影响 了助听器的使用寿命。 另外， 在加热恒温的领域中， 常用的是设定上、 下限， 当加热至上限时停止加热， 静止一阶段， 待温度下降至下限时再启动加热， 如 此循环， 很明显恒温过程不平稳， 温度起伏大， 控温精度不高。
发明内容
本发明克服了现有技术的不足， 提供一种恒温过程平稳、 温度起伏小、 控 温精度高的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置。
为达到上述目的， 本发明采用的技术方案为： 一种用于助听器的分区分时 干燥装置， 包括壳体、 干燥装置以及与所述壳体开合连接的壳盖， 所述壳盖与 所述壳体形成收容所述助听器的收容腔， 所述干燥装置包括至少两组独立工作 的发热单元， 所述发热单元包括相互电连接的发热元件、 电源电路和主控电路， 所述发热元件由所述主控电路分时控制导通或切断。
本发明一个较佳实施例中， 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置进一步包括所 述主控电路包括单片机， 分时控制所述发热元件的导通或切断。
本发明一个较佳实施例中， 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置进一步包括所 述主控电路包括时间继电器， 分时控制所述发热元件的导通或切断。 本发明一个较佳实施例中， 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置进一步包括所 述各组发热单元中的发热元件的数量不同。
本发明一个较佳实施例中， 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置进一步包括所 述每组发热单元中的发热元件均匀分布。
本发明一个较佳实施例中， 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置进一步包括所 述各组发热单元中的发热元件相互间隔分布。
本发明一个较佳实施例中， 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置进一步包括还 包括温度采集电路， 所述温度采集电路包括多个温度传感器， 多个所述温度传 感器的输出端通过一条总线与所述单片机连接。
本发明一个较佳实施例中， 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置进一步包括所 述壳体内设有带透气孔的隔板， 所述收容腔与所述干燥装置分列所述隔板两侧。
本发明一个较佳实施例中， 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置进一步包括所 述壳体内设有紫外光管， 所述紫外光管发出波长为 200-280nm的紫外光。
本发明一个较佳实施例中， 用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置进一步包括所 述收容腔的至少一个内壁上设有镜面反射层。
本发明解决了背景技术中存在的缺陷， 本发明通过紫外光的近距离高强度 照射， 同时设置的镜面反射层使得紫外光可直接辐射和反射至助听器， 增强了 紫外光的辐照强度， 扩大了紫外光的照射范围， 具有超强、 彻底的杀菌消毒功 效， 不使用任何药剂， 不会产生二次污染， 而且操作简单方便， 具有安全、 高 效、 绿色的优点， 另外， 通过采用多个贴片式 PTC热敏电阻， 密集型阵列布局， 发热点多、 密、 细， 不存在死角， 具有发热均匀、 升温快的特点， 而且保留了 PTC自动调节温度的优点， 保温效果好， 对助听器的干燥作用强， 运用单片机控 制技术实现分区域、 分时段交替、 交叉、 迭加智能加热， 整个过程始终保持有 发热元件通电加热， 不断补充失散的热量达到热动态平衡， 因此恒温过程平稳， 温度起伏小、 控温精度高， 实现了真正的恒温， 而且整机的可靠性高， 还可以 克服冬夏两季温度极致、 温差太大以及整机保温性能不能兼顾的不足。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图 1是本发明的优选实施例的结构示意图；
图 2是本发明的优选实施例的内部主视图；
图 3是本发明的优选实施例的发热元件分区的结构示意图；
图 4是本发明的优选实施例的电路图。
具体实施方式
现在结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一歩详细的说明， 这些附图均为简化 的示意图， 仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构， 因此其仅显示与本发明有关 的构成。
如图 1-图 4所示， 一种用于助听器的电子干燥器， 包括壳体 2、 干燥装置 以及与壳体 2开合连接的壳盖 4， 壳盖 4可为透明的， 壳盖 4与壳体 2形成收容 助听器的收容腔 6，干燥装置包括至少两组独立工作的发热单元， 发热单元包括 相互电连接的发热元件、 电源电路 8和主控电路 10， 发热元件由主控电路 10分 时控制导通或切断。
优选至少两组发热单元共用一套电源电路 8和主控电路 10。
优选各组发热单元中的发热元件的数量不同。 优选每组发热单元中的发热 元件均匀分布。 进一步优选各组发热单元中的发热元件相互间隔分布。
电源电路 8由适配器提供 +5V直流电源， 供各电路用电。 其包括 USB端口、 二极管 VD和滤波电容 Cl， 二极管 VD的正极与 USB端口的电源引脚连接， 二极 管 VD的负极与滤波电容 C1的正极连接， 滤波电容 C1的负极与 USB端口的接地 引脚连接。 二极管 VD起极性保护作用， C 1为滤波电容， USB端口的设置可方便 使用者就近从电脑或手机充电器获取 +5V电源。
优选主控电路 10采用单片机 U1作主控 MCU，分时控制发热元件的导通或切 断， 优选单片机 U1的型号为 ATmega8， 28引脚。 12匪 z晶振 G以满足控制速度 及实时性。 当然主控电路 10并不局限于单片机， 也可以为时间继电器， 同样可 以控制发热元件的导通或切断。
还包括温度采集电路 12、 键控电路 14和复位电路 16， 温度采集电路 12、 键控电路 14和复位电路 16均与单片机 U1连接。
温度采集电路 12采用多个单总线智能数字温度传感器 DS 18B20 , 分别为 STl-STn o ST l 与 STn 的电源地脚 GND接在一起， 电源输入端 Vcc接在一起且与 电源电路提供的 +5V直流电源连接， 数字信号输入输出端 DQ接在一起且与单片 机 U1的 PD2口连接。 DS 18B20与单片机 U1之间仅需一条口线即可双向通信， 而 且在一条总线上可挂接多个 DS 18B20温度传感器， 实现多点组网测温， 测温精 度高。 实际应用中不需任何外部元器件， 也不需进行 A/D转换， 即可直接输出 数字温度信号。 本实施例的电路中包括两个 DS 18B20温度传感器 ST 1、 ST2 , 此 时 n=2，设置了两处测温点， 但并不局限于两处测温点， 也可以设置三个或四个 DS 18B20温度传感器。
键控电路 14包括 SB 1， SB1—键多功能。 按一次， 定时 2h， 可连续加热 2 小时； 按二次， 定时 4h， 可连续加热 4h; 按三次， 定时 6h， 可连续加热 6小时。 设定三次为一循环周期， 按第四次进入下一个循环周期， 按第四次为定时 2h， 按第 5次为定时 4h， 按第 6次为定时 6h， 如此循环不断。 长按 SB 1 , 则设置取 消， 关机。
复位电路 16包括 C2和 Rl， 系统上电自动复位。 刚开始上电时， 亦即刚一 接通 Vcc电源时， 由于电容 C2上的电压不能突变， 通电瞬间 C2相当于短路， Vcc电源的电压都落在 Rl上， 此一高电平加在单片机 PC6/RST口， 只要满足加 在 RST上的高电平能持续 24个振荡周期即可使单片机复位。
另外， 为了便于知道干燥定时时间和检测助听器的电量， 还可以设置显示 电路 18和电池检测电路 20。
显示电路 18采用 S012864FPD- 12CSBE点阵液晶模块 LCD, 可以显示文字、 符号和图形。 A、 时间显示： 定时设定时间， 分 2h、 4h、 6h; 定时启动时刻， 24 小时制； 即时时间， 24小时制， 逐秒递增。 B、 温度显示： 即时温度。 C、 电量 显示： 电池图形为空格时， 文字显示电池失效； 电池图形有一格时， 文字显示 欠电； 电池图形有二格时， 文字显示电量不足； 电池电量为三格满格时， 文字 显 电量充足。
电池检测电路 20利用 ATmega8单片机 U1内部的模数转换器 ADC检测电池 电压的高低来判断电池的好坏。单片机 ATmegaS提供 6路逐次逼近型的 ADC， 其 中， ADC0-ADC3这 4个通道提供了 10位的转换精度， ADC4、 ADC5两个通道只提 供 8位的转换精度。 本电路利用 ADC0检测电压的高低。 测试时， 只要将电池置 于壳体 2的检测凹槽 22内， 推紧使之与检测凹槽 22内的极片（图中未示出）接 触良好， 即可知电池的好坏，极片的正极与单片机 U1的 PC0口连接， 极片的负 极接地。 检测结果由 LCD以图形和文字显示， 分 4种状态： 电池图形为空格时， 文字显示电池失效； 电池图形有一格时， 文字显示欠电； 电池图形有二格时， 文字显示电量不足； 电池电量为三格满格时， 文字显示电量充足。
每组发热单元包括发热元件 Rf zn、 三极管 VTn， 三极管 VTn优选为 ΡΝΡ型 三极管， 每组发热单元的多个发热元件 Rfzn并联连接， 并联后的一端与 +5V直 流电源连接， 另一端与对应的三极管 VTn的发射极连接， 每个三极管 VTn的基 极与主控电路 10连接， 集电极与地连接。 至少两组发热单元并联后构成干燥电 路 24， 本实施例优选干燥电路 24包括三组独立工作的发热单元， 包括三组发热 元件 Rfz l、 Rfz2、 Rfz3、分别与三组发热元件连接的三个三极管 VT1、 VT2、 VT3, 三组发热元件均敷贴在 PCB板 26上， 三组发热元件间隔排布在 PCB板 26上， 每组发热元件均匀分布。 三组发热元件分别包括 、 B、 C三组， 优选 A组发热 元件包括 5个 Rfzl ，B组发热元件包括 8个 Rfz2 ，(组发热元件包括 12个 Rfz3， 5个 Rfzl并联后一端与 +5V直流电源连接， 另一端与三极管 VT1的发射极连接， 8个 Rfz2并联后一端与 +5V直流电源连接， 另一端与三极管 VT2的发射极连接， 12个 Rfz3并联后一端与 +5V直流电源连接，另一端与三极管 VT3的发射极连接， 三极管 VT1 、 VT2 、 VT3的基极分别与单片机 U的 P3. 4口、 P3. 5口、 P3. 7口 连接， 三极管 VT1、 VT2 、 VT3的集电极均与地连接。 干燥电路 24设置 3个加 热区， 由单片机发出指令， 实现分时段、 分区段交替、 交叉、 叠加加热， 从而 保持电子干燥器的温度恒定。单片机发出指令， P3. 4口、 P3. 5口、 P3. 7口低电 平使三极管 VT1 、 VT2 、 VT3导通， Rfzl 、 Rfz2 、 Rfz3得电发热； P3. 4口、 P3. 5口、 P3. 7口高电平时，三极管 VT1 、 VT2 、 VT3截止， Rfz l 、 Rfz2 、 Rfz3 失电停止发热。 Rfz l 、 fz2 、 Rfz3均采用贴片式 PTC线性热敏电阻， 由于贴 片式线性热敏电阻是由 PTC材料制成具有正温度系数， 当热敏电阻通过电流发 热时温度升高， 其电阻相应增大， 使通过的电流相应减小， 于是发热量也相应 减小， 温度相应下降而处于恒温状态， 具有自动调控温度的性能。
发热元件采用贴片式 PTC线性热敏电阻 25个， 密集型阵列式布局， 敷贴在 PCB板上。 发热点多、 密、 细， 分布广不存在死角， 具有发热均匀、 升温快的特 点。 PTC材料具有正温度系数， 贴片热敏电阻通电发热， 温度升高， 其电阻也相 应增大， 于是通过的电流相应减小， 发热量也减小， 温度相应下降而处于恒温 状态， 具有自动调控温度的性能。
分区域是将发热元件的排列分布位置划分成若干个区域； 分时段则是将整 个加热干燥过程切割成若干个时段。 现以定时 4h、 三区域、 三时段为例说明- 电子干燥器定时启动开始工作至升温到内设定温度上限为升温阶段， 此升 温过程需时 20分钟。 其后至定时工作 1小时之间为保温第一时段； 第一保温时 段后至定时工作 2小时之间为第二保温时段； 第二保温时段后至定时结束为第 三保温时段。 图 2为本实施例的三区域的划分示意图： A区域有 5个发热元件 Rfz l , B区域有 8个发热元件 Rfz2， C区域有 12个发热元件 Rfz3。 以上安排是 基于发热元件均布、发热均匀的原则。 A区域的发热元件最少是因为 A区域工作 在保温第一时段， 余热最大。
另外，还可以在壳体 2内设带透气孔 28的隔板 30， 收容腔 6和干燥装置分 列在隔板 30的两侧， 优选隔板 30水平放置， 干燥装置位于隔板 30的下方， 发 热元件散发的热量沿透气孔 28向上走， 便于干燥助听器， 隔板 30也可以竖直 放置。
优选壳体 2内设有紫外光管 32，紫外光管 32发出波长为 200-280nm的紫外 光。 波长为 200-280ηπι的紫外光能够对助听器进行消毒杀菌， 尤其是中心波长 为 254nm的紫外光很容易被生物体吸收， 作用于生物体的 DNA和 RNA,使之被破 坏而导致细菌、 病毒死亡， 高强度的紫外光在短时间内即可杀菌， 对细菌繁殖 体仅需 1秒即可杀灭， 紫外光近距离高强度照射， 可将物体表面上的细菌芽孢 杀灭 99. 9%以上， 而且对任何细菌、 病毒都有极强极高的杀菌消毒作用。
优选收容腔 6的至少一个内壁上设置有镜面反射层 34， 紫外光可直接辐射 和反射至助听器， 提高了紫外光的辐照强度和辐照范围， 消毒杀菌效果好。 镜 面反射层 34可以为镜片、 金属镜面贴片、 反光膜或电镀层， 镜片可以是玻璃镜 子； 金属镜面贴片可以是不锈钢板。
还可以在壳体 2内设置安全开关 36， 由壳盖 4的开合实现导通或切断， 安 全开关 36通过反向器 IC与单片机 U1的 PD3口连接。 安全开关 36的设置能够 避免紫外光灼伤眼睛和皮肤， 充分保护使用者的安全。 进一步优选安全开关 36 为霍尔开关，可在壳盖 4的内壁上设置磁铁 38， 壳盖 4关闭时磁铁 38紧邻安全 开关 36， 在打开壳盖 4时， 安全开关 36会切断紫外光管 32的电源， 紫外光管 32熄灭， 从而充分保护使用者的安全， 避免灼伤眼睛和皮肤。安全开关 36并不 局限于霍尔开关， 也可以为压力开关， 可将压力开关设在壳体 2内， 壳盖 4关 闭时接触压力开关， 壳盖 4打开时， 压力消失， 存在压力的改变， 实现对紫外 光管 32的导通或切断。
紫外光管 32、 电子镇流器 AP1、三极管 VT形成消毒电路 40， 受控于单片机 U1的 PC3口。 PC3口高电平时， 电子镇流器 API点亮紫外光管 32， 发出紫外光 直接杀菌消毒。 安全开关 34通过反相器 IC输出信号给单片机 U1的 PD3口， 实 现对紫外光管 30的电源的导通或切断。
工作过程- 接通电源， 系统上电自动复位， 进行初始化。 连续按动 SB1 定时时间选择 按钮 2次， 定时启动， LCD显示定时时间 4h、 定时启动时刻 XX： XX以及即时时 间 xx : XX逐秒递增。 同时， 多点 DS18B20温度采集将检测数据从总线传送给单 片机 U1经单片机 U1处理， 一路传送至 LCD显示即时温度， 另一方面与预设温 度比较， 结果远远低于下限阈值， 启动优先程序， 单片机 PB1、 PB2、 PB3 口输 出低电平， 驱动干燥电路 24所有加热区同时加热升温， 直至 DS18B20采集到的 温度数据己达到预设定温度上限阈值时， LCD显示即时温度， 单片机 U1发出指 令， PB2、 PB3口输出高电平关断加热主电路 B加热区和 C加热区。 整机进入第 一保温时段， 仅由 A加热区进行补偿加热， 以保持温度恒定。 进入保温第二时 段单片机 PB1口输出高电平关断 A加热区， PB3口输出低电平开通 C加热区加热 保温。 进入保温第三时段单片机 PB3口输出高电平关断 C加热区， PB1、 PB2口 输出低电平开通 A加热区和 B加热区补充加热直至定时 4h结束。 同时， 设定加 热全过程中进行二次杀菌消毒， 分别在进入第一保温时段和第二保温时段时自 动启动工作， 紫外光管 32发出波长为 200-280nm的紫外光， 产生的紫外光可经 镜面反射层 34直接辐射和反射至助听器， 辐照强度和辐照范围大， 杀菌消毒彻 底， 每次十分钟后自动熄灭。 另外， 在打开壳盖 4时， 安全开关 36会将信号传 递至单片机 Ul， 单片机 U1转入紧急中断程序切断紫外光管 32的电源， 紫外光 管 32熄灭， 从而充分保护使用者的安全。
在加热干燥过程中如果探测到低于预设定温度时， 会自动中断原有保温程 序而优先进入补充加热程序， 直至升温至预设定温度时， 自动退出优先补充加 热程序恢复继续保温程序。 当探测到高于预设定温度时， 会中断保温程序而优 先进入切断发热元件供电的紧急程序， 待温度降至预设定温度时会自动退出紧 急程序恢复继续保温程序。
分区域、 分时段交替、 交叉、 迭加加热是用于助听器的一种全新的智能加 热。 区域、 时段分的越细则加热温度越恒定， 同时， 区域、 时段的组合视需要 可任意组合。
以上依据本发明的理想实施例为启示， 通过上述的说明内容， 相关人员完 全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内， 进行多样的变更以及修改。 本项 发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容， 必须要根据权利要求范围来确 定技术性范围。

Claims

1. 一种用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 包括壳体、干燥装置以及与所述 壳体开合连接的壳盖， 所述壳盖与所述壳体形成收容所述助听器的收容腔， 其 特征在于： 所述干燥装置包括至少两组独立工作的发热单元， 所述发热单元包 括相互电连接的发热元件、 电源电路和主控电路， 所述发热元件由所述主控电 路分时控制导通或切断。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 其特征在于： 所述主控电路包括单片机， 分时控制所述发热元件的导通或切断。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 其特征在于： 所述主控电路包括时间继电器， 分时控制所述发热元件的导通或切断。
4. 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 其特征在 于- 所述各组发热单元中的发热元件的数量不同。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 其特征在于- 所述每组发热单元中的发热元件均匀分布。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 其特征在于- 所述各组发热单元中的发热元件相互间隔分布。
7. 根据权利要求 2所述的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 其特征在于- 还包括温度采集电路， 所述温度采集电路包括多个温度传感器， 多个所述温度 传感器的输出端通过一条总线与所述单片机连接。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 其特征在于： 所述壳体内设有带透气孔的隔板， 所述收容腔与所述干燥装置分列所述隔板两
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 其特征在于： 所述壳体内设有紫外光管， 所述紫外光管发出波长为 200-280nm的紫外光。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的用于助听器的分区分时干燥装置， 其特征在于: 所述收容腔的至少一个内壁上设有镜面反射层 <
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CN2735266Y (zh) * 2004-09-11 2005-10-19 李建华 助听器的干燥器
CN201193919Y (zh) * 2008-04-23 2009-02-11 苏州市百助听力科技有限公司 助听器干燥器
CN201340166Y (zh) * 2009-01-20 2009-11-04 四川微迪数字技术有限公司 助听器专用电子恒温干燥箱
US20100088922A1 (en) * 2008-10-10 2010-04-15 Hearing Technologies International, Inc. Hearing aid dryer

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CN2735266Y (zh) * 2004-09-11 2005-10-19 李建华 助听器的干燥器
CN201193919Y (zh) * 2008-04-23 2009-02-11 苏州市百助听力科技有限公司 助听器干燥器
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