WO2015082531A1

WO2015082531A1 - Electrical installation for a three-phase alternating current network, switching assembly therefore, and method for actuating a switching assembly

Info

Publication number: WO2015082531A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/076383
Authority: WO
Inventors: Laurenc KIRCHNER; Matthias Späth; Stanislav SHEIKO
Original assignee: Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh
Priority date: 2013-12-05
Filing date: 2014-12-03
Publication date: 2015-06-11
Also published as: US10176919B2; JP6566951B2; EP3078044A1; RU2678336C1; UA120842C2; CN105874551B; US20160293325A1; CN105874551A; KR102328437B1; BR112016012694A2; EP3078044B1; ES2786255T3; JP2017502508A; KR20160095084A; BR112016012694B1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical installation (1) for a three-phase alternating current network, comprising, for each phase (U, V, W) of the alternating current network, a transformer (20U, 20V, 20W) having a primary side (30U, 30V, 30W) and a second side; for each transformer (20U...W), a separate transformer housing (60U, 60V, 60W); a switching assembly (100), which is connected to the transformers (20U...W), wherein in each phase, the primary side (30U...W) and/or secondary side has a main winding (21, 22, 23) and a control winding (31, 32, 33); the switching assembly (100) is designed in such a way that the switching assembly can connect each control winding (31, 32, 33) to each of the main windings (21, 22, 23); the switching assembly (100) is arranged in one of the transformer housings (60U...W) or in a separate switching housing (70).

Description

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR A THREE-PHASE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT THEREFOR AND METHOD FOR ACTUATING A

SWITCHING ARRANGEMENT

The invention relates to an electrical system for a three-phase alternating current network, a switching arrangement for use in such an electrical system and a method for actuating a switching arrangement.

DE 20 201 1 005 058 U1 describes a transformer with adjusting device. This includes a three-phase primary winding, a three-phase first secondary winding and a three-phase second secondary winding with step adjustment. Each secondary winding has a group of three single windings. In this case, three independent switching means are provided, by means of which the groups of the individual windings of the first and the second secondary winding are connected differently. Such switching means are complicated and expensive due to the many contacts, so that a correct commissioning is a major challenge. Furthermore, the separate control and operation of the respective switching means is not only expensive, but also complex. In addition, the installation of individual switching devices takes up a particularly large amount of space in the individual transformers, making them too large for easy transport.

A switching arrangement for switching one of at least three windings during transformer operation on at least one phase winding of a phase of the transformer is under the name "Advanced Retard Switch", short ARS, from the company publication of the applicant "Advanced Retarget Switch (ARS), Operating Instructions BA 274/01 ", Druckimpressum BA 274/01 de, 0605, published June 2005, known and shown in FIG. 13 schematically dargestelt. At least one section is provided for each phase to be switched. In each section, fixed contacts are arranged for each phase to be switched. The fixed contacts can be selectively connected in each section by a respective movable switching contact, which is fastened in each case on a switching mechanism. This switching arrangement can be used for different applications in combination with an on-load tap-changer. It is primarily used for reversing the control voltage in applications with a large control range, such. B. in phase shifter transformers. It performs the function of a double turner.

DE 1 788 013 C describes a tap selector for a tapped transformer with an additional inverter to increase the number of possible voltage gradations. Here, the movable Wenderkontakte are each arranged in segments around the voter column in a support frame. Due to the segment-like design, they can each produce a connection between a middle Wenderkontakt and optionally one of two other Wenderkontakt. The support frame consists of several vertical Isolierstäben and upper and lower lever arms. However, this known arrangement relates to a Wender on a tap selector, but not to a switching arrangement of the type mentioned, referred to as "Advanced Retard Switch" type.

DE 1 249 990 B describes a star point rotary switch for multiphase step transformers, in which the fixed contacts are arranged in a circle around a central diverter shaft in a plurality of horizontal planes assigned to the individual phases of the transformer. This Umstellerwelle carries the movable contacts, which consist of U-shaped flat brackets, which in turn connect each two adjacent fixed contacts electrically conductive. DE 10 2007 023 124 A1 describes a switching arrangement with two operating positions for switching over a winding during transformer operation, wherein during switching a through-current from a current path is used as the "Advanced Retard Switch" In this case, fixed contacts are arranged around a rotatable switching shaft in several horizontal planes on an insulating material framework.The contacts have upper and lower contact fingers which can be pressed apart and can be connected by an electrically conductive rail as a movable switching contact.

The object of the invention is to provide an electrical system that can be made cheaper and more space-saving, as well as a switching arrangement that is easy to maintain and easy to interconnect or wire and has a compact design, and to provide a method for actuating a switching arrangement with the it is possible to provide a safe, low-maintenance and efficient switching.

This object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantage- Further developments and embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The invention proposes according to a first aspect, an electrical system for a three-phase AC mains, comprising

for each phase of the AC network, a transformer with a primary side and a secondary side;

for each transformer a separate Umspannergehäuse;

a switching arrangement, which are connected to the Umspanner;

in which

in each phase, the primary side and / or secondary side has a main winding and a control winding;

the switching arrangement is adapted to connect each control winding to each of the trunk windings;

the switching arrangement is arranged in one of the Umspannergehäuse or in a separate switch housing.

This system allows a very space-saving design. The individual transducers can be made very compact, so that the transport can be carried out on simple rail tracks. In addition, the wiring of the transformer with the switching arrangement are favored.

Each primary page and / or each secondary page can be designed in any desired way and manner and include, for example, a main winding and a control winding. If one side, ie for example the primary side or the secondary side, comprises a main winding and a control winding, then the other side, ie the secondary side or primary side can comprise a single winding or else a main winding and a control winding. Preferably, either the primary sides each comprise a main winding and a control winding and the secondary sides each comprise a single winding or the secondary sides each comprise a main winding and a control winding and the primary sides each comprise a single winding.

It can be provided that

at least one of the Umspannergehäuse and / or the switch housing is filled with an insulating medium.

The insulating medium may be formed in any desired manner and, for example, at least one liquid, preferably a transformer sol or an ester, and / or at least one gas, preferably SF ₆ , include.

The invention proposes, according to a second aspect, a switching arrangement for use in an electrical installation, which is formed according to the first aspect, wherein

- The switching device is designed to switch at least one or the control windings during operation of the electrical system on each one of the parent windings of a phase or is used;

for each phase to be switched at least one section is provided in which fixed contacts are arranged;

the fixed contacts in each section are selectively connectable by means of a respective movable switching contact, which is fastened in each case on a switching mechanism,

a first electrical line, a second electrical line and a third electrical line conductively connect the contacts in each section such that the contacts of the different sections are each contacted once by means of the first, second and third electrical lines.

The invention proposes, according to a third aspect, a switching arrangement for switching one of at least three control windings during the transformer operation to each one of three main windings of one phase, wherein

- At least one section is provided for each phase to be switched, are arranged in the fixed contacts;

the fixed contacts in each section are selectively connectable by a respective movable, switching contact, which is mounted on a respective switching mechanism;

Each switching arrangement proposed according to the second or third aspect has a first electrical line, a second electrical line, and a third electrical line connecting contacts in each section of the switching arrangement such that the contacts in the various sections are connected by means of the first, second, and third electrical circuits Each once contacted. The standard windings which can be assigned to each main winding via the respective sections of the switching arrangement can be designed as desired in any desired manner, for example in linear circuit, inverter circuit or coarse-selector fine-tuning circuit. Each control winding preferably comprises a plurality of taps, with which a fine adjustment is possible.

Any switching arrangement proposed according to the second or third aspect may be applied to a transformer having one main winding per phase. It is also conceivable that a separate transformer is provided for each phase. By means of the sections of the switching arrangement, the individual control windings of the corresponding main winding of the transformer are then connected to the respective phase.

Each switching arrangement proposed according to the second or third aspect, according to a possible embodiment, can achieve a control with a single movable switching contact per section. In addition, the risk of faults due to incorrect wiring or wiring drops considerably or is completely ruled out. For a three-phase ARS, much of the wiring can be replaced by bridges between sections on the ARS.

An advantage of each switching arrangement proposed according to the second or third aspect is that a transformer in which the switching arrangement is installed can be made considerably more compact. This leads to savings in material for the boiler and also in the volume of oil in the boiler. With the same construction volume theoretically a larger power can be achieved. In addition, the complexity of the wiring and interconnection decreases.

Each movable switch contact may be formed as desired in any manner and include, for example, a copper bar. It can be provided that

the first trunk winding is or may be connected to the first section via fixed wiring;

the second trunk winding is or can be connected to the second section via a fixed wiring;

the third trunk winding is or can be connected to the third section via a fixed wiring;

with the switching mechanism of the first main winding or the second main winding or the third main winding, the first control winding or the second Control winding or the third control winding is conductively connected.

It can be provided that

each of the three sections has a conductive voter bridge connected to the respective parent winding via the wiring.

It can be provided that

the first electrical line connects one contact of each section, the second electrical line connects one contact of each section, and the third electrical line connects a contact of each section, respectively.

It can be provided that

an insulating scaffold common to all sections is provided of a plurality of contact bars and at least some of the contact bars carry the fixed contacts.

Preferably, the contact rods are disposed about the control shaft, with six of the contact rods supporting the fixed contacts for the sections.

It can be provided that

the switching mechanism is or comprises a rotatable switching shaft on which the corresponding sections are centrally arranged.

Preferably, in the axial direction of the rotatable switching shaft, the corresponding sections are arranged in series or one above the other.

It can be provided that

each selector bridge is an inner selector bridge having a first arm, a second arm, and a third arm, each of which is at an angle to each other;

the first arm is or can be connected to the respective parent winding via the fixed wiring.

Preferably, the angle of the arms with each other is 120 °.

It can be provided that

the sections are arranged one above the other in the direction of an axis of the switching shaft.

It can be provided that at least one of the switching contacts is arcuate.

It is advantageous for a rotating switching movement when the movable switching contact is arc-shaped.

It can be provided that

- At least one of the switching contacts forms a circular arc such that the switching contact contacted three successive contacts of the respective section via contact fingers of the contacts.

Depending on the size and shape of the contacts, the arc preferably describes an angle that moves in the range of 120 °. A deviation of ± 10 ° is possible if this allows the configuration of the fixed contacts.

It can be provided that

the switching contact of the first section is offset from the switching contact of the second section in a circumferential direction by 120 °;

the switching contact of the second section to the switching contact of the third section is also offset in the circumferential direction by 120 °.

The interconnection or wiring is particularly simple here.

It can be provided that

at least one of the switching contacts is attached to a respective contact carrier made of insulating material, which in turn is rotatably connected to the switching shaft. In each proposed according to the first aspect electrical system can be provided that

the switching arrangement according to the second or third aspect is formed.

The invention proposes a method for actuating a switching arrangement according to a fourth aspect, wherein

a switching mechanism of a first section, a second section and a third section is moved;

by the movement of the switching mechanism in each section, a movable switching contact is arranged in each section between two different and successive arms of a selector bridge of the respective section; - The switch contacts is arranged such that by the movement of the switching mechanism in conjunction with the switch contacts in two sections, the respective Main winding is contacted via an arm of the selector bridge and a fixed wiring electrically conductive.

It can be provided that

the switching mechanism is formed as a switching shaft;

each movable switching contact is arc-shaped;

the switching shaft is rotated such that in each section of the switching contact between two different and successive arms of the respective voter bridge is arranged.

It can be provided that

the switching contact of the second portion to the switching contact of the third portion is also offset in a circumferential direction by 120 °, so that upon rotation of the switching shaft by the switching contact in two sections, the respective parent windings are electrically connected by the wiring and an arm of the selector bridge.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, in which the wiring or interconnection of the sections with each other is particularly easy to perform, the movable and arcuate switching contact of one section to the movable and arcuate switch contacts of the other sections is offset by 120 ° in each of the sections. Thus, the movable and arcuate switching contact of the first portion to the movable and arcuate switching contact of the second portion is offset in a circumferential direction by 120 °. The movable and arcuate switching contact of the second section is also offset from the movable and arcuate switching contact of the third section in a circumferential direction by 120 °. Upon rotation of the switching shaft, an arm of the selector bridge is electrically connected to the respective main winding by the movable and arcuate switching contact in two sections via the wiring or interconnection.

In each of the methods proposed according to the fourth aspect, it can be provided that

the switching arrangement according to the second or third aspect is formed.

The statements and explanations concerning one of the aspects of the invention, in particular with respect to individual features of this aspect, apply correspondingly also analogously to the other embodiments. ren aspects of the invention.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the individual features resulting therefrom are not limited to the individual embodiments, but can be combined and / or combined with individual features described above and / or with individual features of other embodiments. The details in the drawings are to be interpreted as illustrative, but not restrictive. The reference signs contained in the claims are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but merely refer to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

The drawings show in

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of an electrical system for a three-phase alternating current network with a switching arrangement;

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the electrical system;

FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the switching arrangement;

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the switching arrangement;

FIG. 5 shows a first embodiment of a portion of the switching arrangement;

FIG. 6 is another view of the portion of the switching arrangement of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the portion of the switching arrangement;

FIG. 8 shows the switching arrangement according to the second embodiment in a first stationary state, which is connected to three Umspanner;

FIG. 9 shows the switching arrangement of FIG. 8 in a first switching phase;

FIG. 10 shows the switching arrangement of FIG. 8 in a second switching phase;

FIG. 1 1, the switching arrangement of FIG. 8 in a third switching phase;

FIG. 12 shows the switching arrangement of FIG. 8 in a second stationary state;

FIG. 13 is a schematic representation of a known switching arrangement with two "Advanced Retard Switch" (ARS).

In FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of an electrical system 1 for a three-phase AC network.

In this embodiment, the electrical system 1 comprises a switching arrangement 100, for each phase U, V, W of the AC mains, a transformer 20U, 20V, 20W and for each transformer 20U, 20V, 20W a separate transformer housing 60U, 60V, 60W. The phases U, V, W associated primary sides 30U, 30V, 30W each comprise a main winding 21, 22, 23 and a control winding 31, 32, 33. The parent windings 21, 22, 23, by means of the switching arrangement 100 individually with one Regelwick - 31, 32, 33 are connected in series. Each control winding 31, 32, 33 has taps that can be connected by an on-load tap changer, not shown here. Between each master winding 21, 22, 23 and each control winding 31, 32, 33, a selection not shown here may be arranged. This can be used to add the control winding 31, 32, 33 either to the main winding 21, 22, 23 or to subtract it from this. In addition, each transformer 20U, 20V, 20W has a secondary side, not shown here, which comprises a single control winding that is galvanically isolated from the primary side 30U, 30V, 30W. In each transformer housing 60U, 60V, 60W, the respective primary side 30U, 30V, 30W and the secondary side are arranged. The transformer housings 60U, 60V, 60W are filled, for example, with an ester as a liquid insulating medium.

In this embodiment, the switching arrangement 100 is so with the trunk windings

21, 22, 23 and the control windings 31, 32, 33 connected, that each control winding 31, 32, 33 optionally with the respectively associated or another parent winding 21,

22, 23 is connectable. The switching arrangement 100 is arranged in a separate switch housing 70. Also, the switch housing 70 is exemplified with an ester as a liquid

Insulating medium filled. The control windings 31, 32, 33 are electrically connected to a neutral point 10.

In FIG. 2, a second embodiment of the electrical system 1 is shown schematically. This second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, so that in the following the differences are explained in more detail.

In this embodiment, the separate switching housing 70 is omitted and the switching arrangement 100 is arranged by way of example in the Umspannergehäuse 60U, but can also be arranged as needed in one of the other two Umspannergehäuse 60V, 60W. In FIG. 3 is a first embodiment of the switching arrangement 100 of the electrical system 1 of FIG. 1 shown schematically.

In this embodiment, the switching arrangement 100 comprises, for each phase U, V, W to be switched, a section 11, 12, 13 in which fixed contacts 1 U, 1 V, 1 W; 2U, 2V, 2W; 3U, 3V, 3W; 4U, 4V, 4W; 5U, 5V, 5W; 6U, 6V, 6W are arranged, in each section 1 1, 12, 13 a movable switching contact 8, a switching mechanism 9 and three electrical lines 71, 72, 73rd

In each section 1 1, 12, 13, the fixed contacts 1 U, 6W are selectively connectable by a respective arcuate movable switching contact 8 which is mounted on the switching mechanism 9. In each section 1 1, 12, 13 connect the first electrical line 71, the second electrical line 72 and the third electrical line 73, the contacts 1 U, 6W so conductive that the contacts 1 U, 6W of the various sections 1 1, 12th , 13 are each contacted once by means of the electrical lines 71, 72, 73. The switching arrangement 100 enables simple wiring of the sections 11, 12, 13 with the first lines 71, 72, 73. With the switching arrangement 100, as shown in FIG. 1, a first phase winding 21 of the first phase U, a second root winding 22 of the second phase V and a third trunk winding 23 of the third phase W having a first control winding 31, a second control winding 32 and a third control winding 33 of the three transducers 20U, 20V, 20W can be connected optionally.

In this embodiment, each of the three sections 1 1, 12, 13 comprises a selector bridge 15 with three arms 41, 42, 43, via which it is electrically connected in each case via a fixed wiring to the associated main winding 21, 22, 23. Each selector bridge 15 forms a, preferably equilateral, triangle.

In FIG. 3, the switching arrangement 100 is shown in a stationary state. The switching mechanism, which for example comprises a switching shaft 9, carries a single switching contact 8 for each section 11, 12, 13. In the illustrated position of this stationary state, the switching contact 8 of the first section 11 contacts the fixed contacts 1U, 2U, 3U and electrically conductively connects the first control winding 31 to the first parent winding 21 via these fixed contacts 1 U, 2 U, 3 U and the associated selector bridge 15. The switch contact 8 of the second section 12 contacts the fixed contacts 3V, 4V, 5V and in this illustrated position electrically conductively connects the second Control winding 32 with the second parent winding 22 via these fixed contacts 3V, 4V, 5V and the associated selector bridge 15. The switch contact 8 of the third section 13 contacted in this position illustrated the fixed contacts 5W, 6W, 1W and connecting the third control winding electrically conductive 33 with the third parent winding 23 via these fixed contacts 5W, 6W, 1W and the associated selector bridge 15th

In this embodiment, the switching contact 8 of the first portion 1 1 to the switching contact 8 of the second portion 12 is offset by 120 ° in a circumferential direction R about the switching shaft 9. Likewise, the switching contact 8 of the second portion 12 to the switching contact 8 of the third portion 13 is offset by 120 ° in the circumferential direction R. This arrangement allows a simple and easy to see wiring of the fixed contacts 1 U, 6W of the sections 1 1, 12, 13. Similarly, errors are avoided or at least reduced in the wiring.

The above-described displacement of the switching contacts 8 of the sections 1 1, 12, 13 is merely a possible embodiment and not mandatory. The switching contacts 8 in the respective sections 11, 12, 13 can also be mounted on the selector shaft 9 without displacement. In this case, the lines 71, 72 and 73 must be connected accordingly differently.

In FIG. 4, a second embodiment of the switching arrangement 100 is shown schematically. This second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, so that in the following the differences are explained in more detail.

In this embodiment, each voter bridge 15 forms a trident star.

In FIG. 5 and 6, a first embodiment of one of the sections 11, 12, 13 of the switching arrangement 100 is shown schematically in a perspective view, FIG. 5, the selector bridge 15 is not shown. In the case of the switching arrangement 100, the sections 11, 12, 13 are arranged in the form of a switching column in the direction of an axis A, which corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the switching shaft 9.

In this embodiment, the sections 1 1, 12, 13 are formed from a common Isolierstoffgerüst comprising a plurality of mutually parallel contact bars 19. In the arrangement shown here, the contact rods 19 are arranged on a circular ring 29. In the embodiment shown here, six contact rods 19 are provided for all three sections of the 1 1, 12, 13. In different and mutually parallel planes, the respective fixed contacts 1 U, 6 W at the six contact points Rods 19 attached. It is also possible that further contact rods are provided without fixed contacts, which provide better mechanical stability. Each section 1 1, 12, 13 is provided for a phase U, V, W to be switched. The still free contact bars 19 are so-called empty bars, which serve to improve, as already mentioned above, the rigidity of the entire switching arrangement 100. Centrally located in the switching arrangement 100, and thus in each section 1 1, 12, 13, the switching shaft 9, which carries in each section 1 1, 12, 13 a contact carrier 17 which is rotatably attached to it. At each of these contact carrier 17 each of the arcuate switching contact 8 is attached. The switching contact 8 extends in this embodiment over a circular arc of about 120 °, so that in each section 1 1, 12, 13 each contact fingers 16 of three adjacent fixed contacts 1 U, 6W are contacted simultaneously in the stationary state, so that the adjacent fixed contacts 1 U, 6W are thereby electrically connected to each other.

The switching shaft 9 is actuated by a drive, not shown. Each switching contact 8 is made of solid, electrically conductive material, preferably copper. The contact rods 19 and the contact carrier 17 are made of electrically insulating material.

In each of the sections 11, 12, 13, a selector bridge 15 (FIG.6) is provided. In this embodiment, the selector bridge 15 comprises a first arm 41, a second arm 42 and a third arm 43. For each selector bridge 15, these can be shown as a trident star or as shown in FIG. 1 to 3, be arranged as a triangle. According to a possible embodiment, the selector bridge 15 can rotate simultaneously with the switching contact 8. The arms 41, 42, 43 are arranged at an angle β to each other and connect every second fixed contact 2U, 2V, 2W; 4U, 4V, 4W; 6U, 6V, 6W conducting with the respective parent winding 21, 22, 23. In the embodiment shown here, the angle ß is 120 °.

In FIG. 7, a second embodiment of one of the sections 11, 12, 13 of the switching arrangement 100 is shown schematically in a perspective view. This second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, so that below all the differences are explained in more detail below. In this embodiment, the conductive connection between the first arm 41, the second arm 42 and the third arm 43 and the respective parent windings 21, 22, 23 realized by means of additional fixed contacts K1, K2, K3 in each of the sections 1 1, 12, 13 , In addition, these fixed contacts K1, K2, K3 are connected to the same contacts. Rods 19 arranged fixed contacts 2U, 2V, 2W; 4U, 4V, 4W; 6U, 6V, 6W electrically connected by means of connecting lines L1, L2, L3.

In FIG. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, the main windings 21, 22, 23 and the control windings 31, 32, 33 of three transformers and the switching arrangement 100 according to the second embodiment are shown schematically in different switching phases.

FIG. 8 shows the switching arrangement 100 in a first stationary state. With the switching arrangement 100, a first parent winding 21 of the first phase U, a second parent winding 22 of the second phase V and a third parent winding of the third phase W with a first control winding 31, a second control winding 32 and a third control winding 33 are selectively connected. The control windings 31, 32, 33 are electrically connected to a neutral point 10. As already mentioned above, each control winding 31, 32, 33 can be designed as a coarse winding or as a control winding.

Each of the three sections 11, 12, 13 has a selector bridge 15 (see FIGS. 6, 7) which, via the first arm 41 of the selector bridge 15, is firmly connected to the first main winding 21, the second main winding 21 and the third main winding 23 respectively a fixed wiring 25 is electrically connected to the first portion 1 1, the second portion 12 and the third portion 13 is connected.

In the first stationary state of FIG. 8 carries the switching mechanism of the first portion 1 1, which is a switching shaft 9, a single movable and arcuate switching contact 8. In this position, the switching contact 8 contacts the fixed contacts 1 U, 2U, 3U and electrically conductively connects the first control winding 31 with the The first main winding 21. The switching shaft 9 of the second portion 12 also carries a single movable and arcuate switching contact 8, the fixed contacts 3V, 4V, 5V contacted in this position and the second control winding 32 electrically conductively connected to the second main winding 22. The switching shaft 9 of the third section 13 also carries a single movable and arcuate switching contact 8, the fixed contacts 1W, 6W, 5W contacted in this position and the third control winding 32 electrically connected to the third main winding 23.

In this embodiment, the switching contact 8 of the first portion 1 1 is offset to the switching contact 8 of the second portion 12 in a circumferential direction R by 120 °. Likewise, the switching contact 8 of the second portion 12 is offset from the switching contact 8 of the third portion 13 in the circumferential direction R by 120 °. This arrangement allows a simple and easy-to-view wiring or interconnection of the fixed contact te 1 U, ..., 6W of the three sections 1 1, 12, 13. Similarly, the occurrence of errors in the wiring or interconnection is reduced or errors are avoided. The above described displacement of the switching contacts 8 of the respective sections 1 1, 12, 13 is merely one possible embodiment and is not absolutely necessary. The switching contacts 8 in the respective sections 1 1, 12, 13 may be mounted without displacement on the shift shaft 9. In this case, the lines 71, 72, 73 must be connected according to different.

FIG. 9 to 1 1 show the switching of the in FIG. 8, the first stationary state shown in FIG. 12 illustrated second stationary FIG. 8. FIG. 9 shows the switching arrangement 100 in a first switching phase. The shift shaft 9 rotates here, for example, counter-clockwise. Whether the switching shaft 9 is rotated in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction, is irrelevant to the invention. The degree of rotation of the switching shaft 9 is 30 °. In the first section 11, the switching element 8 has left the first fixed contact 1 U and continues to contact the second fixed contact 2U and the third fixed contact 3U. In this position of the switching element 8, the first control winding 31 is still connected via the electrically conductive voter bridge 15 to the first parent winding 21. In the second section 12, the switching element 8 has left the third fixed contact 3V and further contacts the fourth fixed contact 4V and the fifth fixed contact 5V. In this position of the switching element 8, the second control winding 32 is still connected via the electrically conductive voter bridge 15 with the second parent winding 22. In the third section 13, the switching element 8 has left the fifth fixed contact 5W and also contacts the sixth fixed contact 6W and the first fixed contact 1 W. In this position of the switching element 8, the third control winding 32 is still connected via the electrically conductive selector bridge 15 with the third master winding 23 connected.

FIG. 10 shows the switching arrangement 100 in a second switching phase. The degree of rotation of the switching shaft 9 is 60 °. The shift shaft 9 continues to rotate counter-clockwise. In the first section 11, the switching element 8 now makes contact with the second fixed contact 2U, the third fixed contact 3U and the fourth fixed contact 4U. In this position of the switching element 8, the first control winding 31 is still connected via the electrically conductive voter bridge 15 to the first parent winding 21. In the second section 12, the switching element 8 now has contact with the fourth fixed contact 4V, the fifth fixed contact 5V and the sixth fixed contact 6V. In this position of the switching element 8, the second control winding 32 is still on the electrically conductive Selector bridge 15 connected to the second parent winding 22. In the third section 13, the switching element 8 now makes contact with the sixth fixed contact 6W, the first fixed contact 1W and the second fixed contact 2W. In this position of the switching element 8, the third control winding 33 is further connected to the third main winding 23 via the electrically conductive selector bridge 15.

FIG. 1 1 shows the switching arrangement 100 in a third switching phase. The degree of rotation of the switching shaft 9 is now 90 °. The switching shaft 9 continues to rotate counter-clockwise. In the first section 11, the switching element 8 has now left the second fixed contact 2U and is still in contact with the third fixed contact 3U and the fourth fixed contact 4U. In this position of the switching element 8, the first control winding 31 is no longer in contact with the first parent winding 21st In the second section 12, the switching element 8 has now left the fourth fixed contact 4V and is still in contact with the fifth fixed contact 5V and the sixth fixed contact 6V. In this position of the switching element 8, the second control winding 32 is no longer in contact with the second parent winding 22. In the third section 13, the switching element 8 has now left the sixth contact 6W and is still with the first fixed contact 1 W and the second fixed contact 2W in contact. In this position of the switching element 8, the third control winding 33 is no longer in contact with the third main winding 23rd

FIG. FIG. 12 shows the switching arrangement 100 in a second steady state as the termination of the circuit shown in FIG. 9 to 1 1 shown switching phases. The degree of rotation of the shift shaft 9 is now 120 ° counterclockwise. In order to achieve this second steady state, the switching shaft 9 rotates relative to the third switching phase of FIG. 1 1 counterclockwise by a further 30 °. In the first section 11, the switching element 8 is in contact with the third fixed contact 3U, the fourth fixed contact 4U and the fifth contact 5U. In this position of the switching element 8, the second control winding 32 is connected via the third electrical line 73 and the selector bridge 15 to the first parent winding 21. In the second section 12, the switching element 8 is in contact with the fifth fixed contact 5V, the sixth fixed contact 6V and the first fixed contact 1V. In this position of the switching element 8, the third control winding 33 is connected to the second main winding 22 via the second electrical line 72 and the selector bridge 15. In the third section 13, the switching element 8 is in contact with the first fixed contact 1W, the second fixed contact 2W and the third fixed contact 3W. In this position of the switching element 8, the first control winding 31 is connected via the first electrical line 71 and the selector bridge 15 to the third main winding 23. The rotation of the shift shaft 9 from one stationary state to the next stationary state should be performed in one step by means of a continuous movement. A stepwise rotation of the shift shaft 9 is, as shown in FIG. 9 to 1 1 described, possible. This could be a review of the functionality of the switching shaft 9 carried out.

In the third stationary state, not shown, the shift shaft 9 has rotated by a further 120 °. In the first section 11, the switching element 8 is in contact with the fifth fixed contact 5U, the sixth fixed contact 6U and the first fixed contact 1 U. In this position of the switching element 8, the third control winding 33 is connected via the second electrical line 72 and Selector bridge 15 connected to the first trunk winding 21. In the second section 12, the switching element 8 is in contact with the first fixed contact 1V, the second fixed contact 2V and the third fixed contact 3V. In this position of the switching element 8, the first control winding 31 via the first electrical line 71 and the selector bridge 15 to the second parent winding 22 is connected. In the third section 13, the switching element 8 is in contact with the third fixed contact 3W, the fourth fixed contact 4W and the fifth fixed contact 5W. In this position of the switching element 8, the second control winding 32 is connected via the third electrical line 72 and the selector bridge 15 to the third main winding 23.

By the switching arrangement 100 and the wiring or wiring of the sections 1 1, 12, 13, it is possible from a current stationary state, in which, for example, the first parent winding 21 with the first control winding 31, the second parent winding 22 with the second control winding 32nd and the third master winding 23 is connected to the third control winding 33, by a choice of the direction of rotation of the switching mechanism 9, the respective parent windings 21, 22, 23 with the respective adjacent control winding 33, 31, 32 "left" or the respective adjacent control winding 32, 33rd , 31 "right" to connect. The switching arrangement 100 operates during transformer operation. A shutdown of the transformer is not required. REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 electrical system

1 U / 1 V / 1 w first solid contact of one phase 2U / 2V / 2W second solid contact of one phase 3U / 3V / 3W third solid contact of one phase 4U / 4V / 4W fourth solid contact of a phase 5U / 5V / 5W fifth solid Contact of one phase 6U / 6V / 6W sixth fixed contact of one phase 8 movable switching contact

9 switching mechanism, selector shaft 10 star point

1 1 first section

12 second section

13 third section

15 voters bridge

16 contact fingers

17 contact carrier

19 contact bars

20 U / 20 V / 20 W transformer

21 first parent winding

22 second parent winding

23 third parent winding

29 circular ring

30 U / 30 V / 30 W primary side

31 first rule winding

32 second control winding

33 third rule winding

41 first arm of the voter bridge 42 second arm of the voter bridge 43 third arm of the voters bridge

60 U / 60 V / 60 W transformer housing

70 switch housing

71 first electrical line

72 second electrical line 73 third electrical line

100 switching arrangement

A axis

α angle

ß angle

R circumferential direction

K1, K2, K3 fixed contacts

L1, L2, L3 connection line

U, V, W phases

Claims

An electrical system (1) for a three-phase AC network, comprising

for each phase (U, V, W) of the AC network, a transformer (20U, 20V,

20W) with a primary side (30 U, 30V, 30W) and a secondary side;

for each transformer (20U ... W) a separate transformer housing (60U, 60V,

60W);

a switch assembly (100) connected to the inverters (20U ... W); in which

in each phase the primary side (30U ... W) and / or secondary side has a main winding (21, 22, 23) and a control winding (31, 32, 33);

the switching arrangement (100) is designed such that it can connect each control winding (31, 32, 33) to each of the main windings (21, 22, 23);

the switching arrangement (100) is arranged in one of the transformer housing (60U ... W) or in a separate switch housing (70).

2. Electrical system (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein

at least one of the Umspannergehäuse (60U ... W) and / or the switch housing (70) is filled with an insulating medium.

3. Electrical system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the switching arrangement (100) is designed according to one of the following claims.

4. A circuit arrangement (100) for use in an electrical system (1), which is designed according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the switching arrangement (100) is designed or serves for switching at least one of the control windings (31, 32, 33) during the operation of the electrical system (1) to respectively one of the main windings (21, 22, 23);

for each phase (U, V, W) to be switched, at least one section (1 1, 12, 13) is provided, in which fixed contacts (1 U, 1 V, 1 W, 2 U, 2 V, 2 W, 3 U, 3 V, 3 W 4U, 4V, 4W, 5U, 5V, 5W, 6U, 6V, 6W);

the fixed contacts (1 U ... W; 2U ... W; 3U ... W; 4U ... W; 5U ... W; 6U ... W) in each section (1 1, 12, ... 13) are each selectively connectable by a respective movable switching contact (8) which is mounted on a respective switching mechanism (9);

a first electrical line (71), a second electrical line (72) and a third electrical line (73) the contacts (1 U ... W; 2U ... W; 3U ... W; 4U ... W; 5U ... W; 6U ... W) in each section ( 1 1, 12, 13) so conductively connects that the contacts (1 U ... W; 2U ... W; 3U ... W; 4U ... W; 5U ... W; 6U ... W) of the various sections (1 1, 12, 13) by means of the first, second and third electrical line (71, 72, 73) are each contacted once.

5. Switching arrangement (100) for switching one of at least three windings (31, 32, 33) during the transformer operation on in each case one of three main windings (21, 22, 23) of a phase (U, V, W), wherein

for each phase (U, V, W) to be switched, at least one section (1 1, 12, 13) is provided, in which fixed contacts (1 U, 1 V, 1 W, 2 U, 2 V, 2 W, 3 U, 3 V, 3 W; 4U, 4V, 4W, 5U, 5V, 5W, 6U, 6V, 6W);

the fixed contacts (1 U ... W; 2U ... W; 3U ... W; 4U ... W; 5U ... W; 6U ... W) in each section (1 1, 12, ... 13) by a respective movable, switching contact (8), which is mounted in each case on a switching mechanism (9), are selectively connectable; a first electrical line (71), a second electrical line (72) and a third electrical line (73) connect the contacts (1 U ... W; 2U ... W; 3U ... W; 4U ... W 5U ... W; 6U ... W) conductively connects in each section (1 1, 12, 13) such that the contacts (1 U ... W; 2U ... W; 3U ... W 4U ... W; 5U ... W; 6U ... W) of the different sections (1 1, 12, 13) are in each case contacted once by means of the first, second and third electrical lines (71, 72, 73) ,

6. switching arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the first trunk winding (21) is connected to the first section (1 1) via a fixed wiring (25);

the second trunk winding (22) is connected to the second section (12) via a fixed wiring (25);

the third trunk winding (23) is connected to the third section (13) via a fixed wiring (25);

the first winding (31) or the second winding (32) or the third winding (33) is conductively connectable to the switching mechanism (9) of the first main winding (21) or the second main winding (22) or the third main winding (23).

7. Switching arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

each of the three sections (11, 12, 13) has a conductive selector bridge (15) which is connected via the wiring (25) to the respective main winding (21, 22, 23).

The switching device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrical line each has a contact (2U a contact (4U ... W) of each section (1 1, 12, 13) and the third electrical line (73) each connect a contact (6U ... W) of each section (1 1, 12, 13) ,

9. switching arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

an insulating material scaffold common to all sections (1 1, 12, 13) is provided of a plurality of contact bars (19) and at least some of the contact bars (19) comprise the fixed contacts (1 U ... W; 2U ... W; 3U ... W; 4U ... W; 5U ... W; 6U ... W).

10. Switching arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the switching mechanism (9) is or comprises a rotatable switching shaft (9) on which the corresponding sections (11, 12, 13) are arranged centrically.

1 1. Switching arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

each selector bridge is an inner selector bridge (15) having a first arm (41), a second arm (42) and a third arm (43), each disposed at an angle (β) to each other;

the first arm (41) is connected to the respective main winding (21, 22, 23) via the fixed wiring (25).

12. Switching arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the sections (1 1, 12, 13) are arranged one above the other in the direction of an axis (A) of the switching shaft (9).

13. Switching arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

each movable switching contact (8) is arcuate.

14. Switching arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

at least one of the switching contacts (8) forms a circular arc such that the switching contact (8) has three successive contacts (1 U ... W; 2U ... W; 3U ... W; 4U ... W; 5U .. .W; 6U ... W) of the respective section (1 1, 12, 13) via contact fingers (16) of the contacts (1 U ... W; 2U ... W; 3U ... W; 4U .. .W; 5U ... W; 6U ... W).

15. Switching arrangement (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein

the switching contact (8) of the first section (1 1) to the switching contact (8) of the second section (12) in a circumferential direction (R) is offset by 120 °; the switching contact (8) of the second section (12) to the switching contact (8) of the third section (13) is also offset in the circumferential direction (R) by 120 °.

Switching arrangement (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

at least one of the switching contacts (8) on in each case a contact carrier (17)

Insulating material is attached, which in turn is rotatably connected to the switching shaft (9).

Method for actuating a switching arrangement (100), wherein

a switching mechanism (9) of a first portion (1 1), a second portion

(12) and a third section (13) is moved;

by the movement of the switching mechanism (9) in each section (1 1, 12, 13) a movable switching contact (8) in each section (1 1, 12, 13) between two different and successive arms (41, 42, 43) one Voter bridge of the respective section (1 1, 12, 13) is arranged;

the switching contacts (8) is arranged such that by the movement of the switching mechanism (9) in conjunction with the switching contacts (8) in two sections (1 1, 12, 13), the respective parent winding (21, 22, 23) via an arm (41, 42, 43) of the selector bridge (15) and a fixed wiring (25) is electrically conductively contacted.

A method according to the preceding claim, wherein

the switching mechanism is formed as a switching shaft (9);

each movable switching contact (8) is arc-shaped;

the switching shaft (9) is rotated such that in each section (1 1, 12, 13) of the

Switching contact (8) between two different and consecutive arms

(41, 42, 42) of the respective selector bridge (15) is arranged.

A method according to the preceding claim, wherein

the switching contact (8) of the first section (1 1) is offset from the switching contact (8) of the second section (12) in a circumferential direction by 120 °;

the switching contact (8) of the second section (12) to the switching contact (8) of the third section (13) is also offset in a circumferential direction by 120 °, so that upon rotation of the switching shaft (9) by the switching contact (8) in two sections (1 1, 12, 13) the respective trunk windings (21, 22, 23) by the wiring (25) and via an arm (41, 42, 43) of the selector bridge (15) are electrically connected.

20. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein

the switching arrangement (100) is designed according to one of the preceding claims