WO2015075772A1 - 蓄電池の制御装置、制御方法、制御プログラム、および蓄電システム - Google Patents
蓄電池の制御装置、制御方法、制御プログラム、および蓄電システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015075772A1 WO2015075772A1 PCT/JP2013/081140 JP2013081140W WO2015075772A1 WO 2015075772 A1 WO2015075772 A1 WO 2015075772A1 JP 2013081140 W JP2013081140 W JP 2013081140W WO 2015075772 A1 WO2015075772 A1 WO 2015075772A1
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- storage battery
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- electric energy
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
- G06Q30/0201—Market modelling; Market analysis; Collecting market data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/008—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
- H02J2310/62—The condition being non-electrical, e.g. temperature
- H02J2310/64—The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S50/00—Market activities related to the operation of systems integrating technologies related to power network operation or related to communication or information technologies
- Y04S50/10—Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S50/00—Market activities related to the operation of systems integrating technologies related to power network operation or related to communication or information technologies
- Y04S50/14—Marketing, i.e. market research and analysis, surveying, promotions, advertising, buyer profiling, customer management or rewards
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a storage battery control device, control method, control program, and power storage system.
- the main present invention that solves the above-described problem is a first acquisition unit that acquires first information indicating an electricity rate set for each time zone, and second information that acquires second information indicating charge / discharge efficiency of a storage battery.
- a third calculation unit that calculates a unit price of charge per unit amount of electricity required to charge the amount, and compares the electricity rate with the unit price of charge for each time period, and the electricity rate is less than the unit price of charge. If there is, the power storage from the power system It is charged, if the electricity rate is the charge unit prices above, and a control unit to discharge to the load from the battery.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example of a usage pattern of a power storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the power storage system 1 in the embodiment of the present invention is installed in a consumer's house, charged from the power system, and discharged to a load 6 (61, 62, 63) in the house.
- the smart meter 5 is installed between the indoor wiring and electric power system in a consumer's house. It is assumed that the smart meter 5 is provided with information related to the electricity bill for each hour set on the next day by the electric power company.
- the power storage system 1 includes a storage battery 2 and a control device 3 that controls charging and discharging of the storage battery 2.
- a storage battery 2 is controlled by one control device 3.
- a plurality of storage batteries 2 may be controlled by one control device 3.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the control device.
- the control device 3 is a device that controls charging from the power system to the storage battery 2 and discharging from the storage battery 2 to the load 6, and includes an electricity rate acquisition unit 31, a charge / discharge efficiency acquisition unit 32, and a basic schedule determination unit 33.
- the charge / discharge efficiency acquisition unit 32 acquires second information indicating the charge / discharge efficiency p, q of the storage battery 2.
- the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q are generic terms including the charge efficiency p and the discharge efficiency q.
- the charging efficiency p means the ratio of the amount of power charged in the storage battery 2 to the amount of power supplied from the power system to the storage battery 2.
- the discharge efficiency q means the ratio of the amount of power discharged from the storage battery 2 to the load 6 with respect to the amount of power charged in the storage battery 2. For example, as shown in FIG.
- the charging unit price per 1.00 kWh of the storage battery 2 in this case is 12.5 yen. Therefore, for example, discharging from the storage battery 2 to the load in a time zone in which the electricity rate is 11 yen / 1.00 kWh is not suitable for the economic benefit of the user.
- the charge unit price of the amount of power charged in the storage battery 2 is 12.5 yen / 1.00 kWh, the user must not charge the storage battery 2 during the time period of 10 yen / 1.00 kWh or less. Does not lead to economic benefits.
- the charge / discharge efficiency acquisition unit 32 may read a numerical value input by the user via the external interface 302 and set the charge / discharge efficiency p and q, for example.
- the charging / discharging efficiency acquisition part 32 has the information of the main storage battery model and charging / discharging efficiency, and if the model of the storage battery 2 connected to the control apparatus 3 is specified, the charging / discharging efficiency corresponding to the model will be shown. You may make it acquire discharge efficiency automatically.
- the charge power amount calculation unit 34 calculates the first power amount charged in the storage battery 2.
- the charge power amount calculation unit 34 includes a charge power amount integration unit 34A and a discharge power amount integration unit 34B.
- the charged power amount integrating unit 34A integrates the power amount Wt supplied from the power system in order to newly charge the storage battery 2 between the immediately preceding time zone (t-1) and the time zone t. Further, the discharge power amount integration unit 34B integrates the power amount Pt discharged from the storage battery 2 to the load during the immediately preceding time zone (t ⁇ 1) to time zone t.
- the first power amount in the time zone t is obtained by adding the power amount Wt ⁇ p and subtracting the power amount Pt ⁇ q to the calculated first power amount in the time zone (t ⁇ 1).
- the method by which the charging power amount calculation unit 34 calculates the first power amount is not limited to the above method.
- the charge power amount calculation unit 34 may directly acquire the first power amount charged in the storage battery 2 from the storage battery 2 in the time zone t.
- the power amounts Wt and Pt are obtained from the difference between the first power amounts in the time zones t and (t ⁇ 1) and the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q.
- the difference is a positive value
- the electric energy is Wt ⁇ p
- the difference is negative
- the electric energy is Pt ⁇ q.
- the dischargeable power amount calculation unit 35 When the storage battery 2 is charged from the power system, the dischargeable power amount calculation unit 35 is configured to store the storage battery 2 that can be discharged from the storage battery 2 to the load 6 based on the power amount Wt and the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q described above. A second power amount S is calculated. The dischargeable power amount calculation unit 35 stores the second power amount S ′ of the storage battery 2 that was able to be discharged in the immediately preceding time zone (t ⁇ 1), and the second amount of storage battery 2 that can be discharged in the time zone t.
- the charge unit price calculation unit 36 is a unit power amount required to charge the second power amount S based on the second power amount S, the electricity rate At, the power amount Wt, and the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q in the time period t.
- the per unit charge X is calculated.
- the charging unit price calculation unit 36 stores the charging unit price X ′ in the immediately preceding time zone (t ⁇ 1), and the charging unit price X in the time zone t is expressed by a relational expression. Calculate based on
- the electricity bill correction coefficient acquisition unit 37 obtains a coefficient ⁇ for correcting the electricity bill At.
- the coefficient ⁇ is an arbitrary constant set in order to prevent the storage battery 2 from being deteriorated due to frequent repeated charging and stopping of the storage battery 2.
- the coefficient ⁇ may be set from the beginning, or may be a value input from the external interface 302 by the user.
- the charging unit price correction coefficient acquisition unit 38 acquires a coefficient ⁇ for correcting the charging unit price X.
- the coefficient ⁇ is an arbitrary constant set in order to prevent the storage battery 2 from being deteriorated due to frequent repeated discharge and stoppage of discharge.
- the coefficient ⁇ may be set from the beginning, or may be a value input from the external interface 302 by the user.
- the basic schedule determination unit 33 determines a basic schedule related to charging / discharging of the storage battery 2. That is, the basic schedule determination unit 33 charges or discharges the storage battery 2 in the time zone t based on the electricity rate At and the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q corresponding to the time zone t, or does not charge or discharge it. To decide.
- the basic schedule determination unit 33 reads the electricity charges At in the time zone t from the electricity fee acquisition unit 31 and rearranges them in ascending order of price, and then the time zones B1 to B24. And electricity charges C1 to C24.
- the basic schedule determination unit 33 charges the storage battery 2 in the time zone Bk corresponding to the cheaper electricity rate Ck. Then, the storage battery 2 is discharged in the time zone B (24- (k-1)) corresponding to the higher electricity rate C (24- (k-1)). This is because charging the storage battery 2 in the time zone Bk and discharging the storage battery 2 in the time zone B (24- (k-1)) are considered to have economic benefits for the user.
- the basic schedule determination unit 33 sets the electricity rates Ck and C (24 ⁇ (k ⁇ 1)) respectively. It is assumed that the storage battery 2 is neither charged nor discharged in the corresponding time zone Bk, B (24- (k-1)). This is because in the time zones Bk and B (24- (k-1)), neither charging nor discharging of the storage battery 2 is considered to lead to economic benefits for the user.
- the basic schedule determination unit 33 determines a basic schedule related to charging / discharging of the storage battery 2 on the next day, for example, once a day.
- the timing at which the basic schedule determination unit 33 determines the basic schedule for the next day is after the electricity rate acquisition unit 31 updates the electricity rate At to the next day and before 12:00 at night.
- Control unit 39 compares the electric charge At with the charging unit price X for each time period t, and if the electric charge At is less than the charging unit price X, the control unit 39 charges the storage battery 2 from the power system, and the electric charge At is charged with the charging unit price X. When it is above, the storage battery 2 is discharged to the load 6. In addition, as will be described later, correction may be applied to the electricity bill At and the charging unit price X.
- control unit 39 first refers to the basic schedule determined by the basic schedule determination unit 33, and “charges” and “discharges” the operation of the storage battery 2 in the time zone t. And “Neither”.
- the control unit 39 charges the storage battery 2 from the power system within the range of power allowed based on the power supply contract during the time zone t.
- the charging power amount integration unit 34A calculates the power amount Wt supplied from the power system in order to charge the storage battery 2 during the time period t.
- the dischargeable power amount calculation unit 35 calculates the dischargeable power amount S using the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q and the power amount Wt, and the charge unit price calculation unit 36 calculates the charge / discharge efficiency.
- Charge unit price X is calculated using p, q, electric energy Wt, and dischargeable electric energy S.
- the control unit 39 discharges from the storage battery 2 to the load 6 within a range in which the power output from the storage battery 2 does not reversely flow into the power system during the time zone t.
- accumulating part 34B calculates the electric energy Pt discharged to the load from the storage battery 2 during the time slot
- the dischargeable power amount calculation unit 35 calculates the dischargeable power amount S using the power amount Pt.
- the control unit 39 determines whether the charging / discharging of the storage battery 2 is suitable for the economic benefit of the user based on a criterion different from the determination of the basic schedule. In order to examine in detail, the following operations are performed.
- the control unit 39 compares the electricity charge At in the time zone t with the charge unit price X. When the electricity charge At is less than the charge unit price X, the control unit 39 uses the corrected electricity charge At ′ as the charge unit price X in order to determine whether the charging of the storage battery 2 brings economic benefits to the user. Compare.
- the control unit 39 charges the storage battery 2 from the power system. In this case, since the charge unit price X of the storage battery 2 is lowered by charging the storage battery 2, charging the storage battery 2 is suitable for the economic benefit of the user.
- the control unit 39 stops the power storage system 1 during the time period t. This is because the charging unit price X of the storage battery 2 due to the charging is not suitable for the user's economic benefit, and the storage battery 2 associated with repeated charging and stopping of the charging rather than the benefit obtained by the user by the charging. This is because the loss suffered by the user due to deterioration of the user is more important.
- the control unit 39 corrects the charge unit price (X + ⁇ ) corrected for the electricity charge At to determine whether or not the discharge of the storage battery 2 brings economic benefits to the user. ). That is, the control unit 39 determines whether or not the discharge is possible in consideration of the deterioration of the storage battery 2 due to frequent discharge and stoppage of discharge. And when the electricity bill At is larger than the corrected charging unit price (X + ⁇ ), the control unit 39 causes the storage battery 2 to discharge to the load 6. This is because supplying the load 6 with electric power having a charging unit price X that is at least ⁇ lower than the electric charge At brings economic benefits to the user.
- the control unit 39 stops the power storage system 1 during the time period t. This is because the loss suffered by the user due to the deterioration of the storage battery 2 due to the repeated discharge and the stop of the discharge is more important than the profit obtained by the user by the discharge.
- control device 3 includes a clock unit 301 that acquires time-related information in order to charge / discharge the storage battery 2 in accordance with the charge / discharge schedule determined by the control unit 39.
- the clock unit 301 may acquire time information from the smart meter 5 or may acquire time information from the Internet.
- the time recorded in the clock unit 301 is preferably synchronized with the time recorded in the smart meter 5.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device 3
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the basic schedule determination unit 33
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control unit 3.
- control device 3 determines a basic schedule for charging / discharging the storage battery 2 on the next day in step S ⁇ b> 1, and then corrects the basic schedule in step S ⁇ b> 2.
- Step S1 is based on the electricity rate At and the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q in the time zone t, is it worth charging the battery 2 in each time zone, is worth discharging, or is charged and discharged? This is a process for determining whether it is worth noting, and includes steps S11 to S15 as shown in FIG.
- step S2 the basic schedule determination unit 33 rearranges the electric charges A1 to A24 in ascending order of price, sets the rearranged electric charges as C1 to C24, and sets the corresponding time zones as B1 to B24.
- step S14 when the electricity rate ratio Ck / C (24- (k-1)) is less than the product p ⁇ q, the basic schedule determination unit 33 sets the storage battery 2 in the time zone Bk corresponding to the electricity rate Ck. It is determined that it is worth charging, and it is determined that it is worth discharging the storage battery 2 in the time zone B (24- (k-1)) corresponding to the electricity bill C (24- (k-1)). .
- step S15 when the electricity rate ratio Ck / C (24- (k-1)) is greater than or equal to the product p ⁇ q, the basic schedule determination unit 33 sets the time zones Bk and B (24- (k-1) ), It is determined that there is a user's interest not to discharge or discharge the storage battery 2.
- step S1 is performed after the basic schedule determination part 33 acquires the information on the electricity charge At of the next day from the electricity charge acquisition part 31.
- Step S2 is a step of determining whether or not the storage battery 2 needs to be charged / discharged using an index different from that of step S1.
- Step S2 includes steps S21 to S28 as shown in FIG.
- step S21 the charge unit price X and the dischargeable electric energy S in the last time zone of the previous day are read.
- step S22 the basic schedule of charging / discharging determined in step S1 is referred to, and the operation of the storage battery 2 in the time zone t is classified into “charging”, “discharging”, and “neither”. .
- Step S23 includes steps S231 to S234.
- step S231 charging from the power system to the storage battery 2 is performed within the range of the amount of power determined by the power supply contract concluded between the user and the power company.
- step S232 the amount of power Wt supplied from the power system to charge the storage battery 2 during the time period t is calculated.
- step S233 is executed, and the electric energy S that can be discharged from the storage battery 2 to the load 6 is calculated as described above.
- step S234 the charging unit price X for the amount of power S is calculated, and the series of operations in step S23 ends.
- Step S24 includes steps S241 to S243.
- step S231 discharge from the storage battery 2 to the load 6 is performed in a range where the power output from the storage battery 2 does not flow backward to the power system.
- step S242 the electric energy Pt discharged from the storage battery 2 to the load is calculated.
- step S243 the dischargeable electric energy S is calculated as described above. Thus, the series of operations in step S24 is completed.
- the charging / discharging of the storage battery 2 is determined again in steps S25 to S28 using a standard different from the determination of the basic schedule.
- the standard used here is mainly the electric charge At and the charge unit price X with respect to the dischargeable electric energy S of the storage battery 2.
- step S25 the electricity price At is compared with the charge unit price X. If the electricity charge At is less than the charge unit price X, the corrected electricity charge At ′ is compared with the charge unit price X in step 26 in order to further examine whether it is worth charging the storage battery 2 from the power system. Is done. As described above, the electricity bill At is corrected by the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q and the correction coefficient ⁇ to become the electricity bill At '.
- step S23 the corrected electricity bill At 'is less than the charging unit price X
- the corrected electricity bill At 'is equal to or higher than the charging unit price X it is determined that it is not worth charging the storage battery 2 in the time zone t, and the process proceeds to step 28.
- the power storage system 1 is stopped during the time period t.
- step S25 when the electricity charge At is equal to or higher than the charge unit price X in step S25, in order to further examine whether it is worth discharging from the storage battery 2 to the load 6, in step 27, the electricity charge At is corrected charge unit price. Compared with (X + ⁇ ).
- step S24 the electricity rate At is greater than the corrected unit charge price (X + ⁇ )
- the electricity rate At is equal to or less than the corrected unit charge price (X + ⁇ )
- the power storage system 1 is stopped during the time period t.
- Step S2 ends.
- the power storage system 1 charges, discharges, or stops the storage battery 2 according to the final charging / discharging schedule of the storage battery 2 set in this way.
- the electricity bill acquisition unit 31 obtains the first information indicating the electricity bill At set for each time zone t. Further, the charge / discharge efficiency acquisition unit 32 acquires second information indicating the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q of the storage battery 2. Further, the charging power amount calculation unit 34 calculates the first power amount charged in the storage battery 2. The dischargeable power amount calculation unit 35 calculates the second power amount S of the storage battery 2 that can be discharged from the storage battery 2 to the load 6 based on the first power amount and the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q.
- the charge unit price calculation part 36 calculates 2nd electric energy S based on 2nd electric energy S, the electric bill At in the time slot
- a charge unit price X per unit power amount required for charging is calculated.
- the control unit 39 compares the electric charge At with the charging unit price X for each time zone t. When the electric charge At is less than the charging unit price X, the control unit 39 charges the storage battery 2 from the power system and charges the electric charge At. When the unit price is equal to or greater than X, the storage battery 2 is discharged to the load 6.
- control device 1 considers the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q when calculating the charge unit price X for the second electric energy S of the storage battery 2. And the control apparatus 1 determines the necessity of charging / discharging of the storage battery 2 by comparing the charge unit price X with the electricity bill At. Therefore, even when the electricity rate is set for each time zone under real-time pricing, the storage battery 2 can be charged / discharged so as to meet the economic benefits of the user.
- the control unit 39 corrects the electricity charge At by dividing the electricity charge At by the charge / discharge efficiencies p and q, and charges the corrected electricity charge At ′.
- the corrected electricity bill At ′ is equal to or higher than the charging unit price X as compared with the unit price X, charging from the power system to the storage battery 2 is prohibited. It can be said that the corrected electricity bill At 'is an electricity bill converted into a price at the time of discharge.
- the discharge of the storage battery 2 is not suitable for the user's economic benefit. By prohibiting such discharge, charging of the storage battery and stopping of charging can be controlled so as to meet the economic benefit of the user.
- the electricity bill correction coefficient acquisition unit 37 obtains a first correction coefficient for correcting the electricity bill At.
- the control unit 39 corrects the electricity charge At based on the first correction coefficient, compares the corrected electricity charge At ′ with the charge unit price X, and is corrected.
- the electric charge At ′ is equal to or higher than the charging unit price X, charging from the power system to the storage battery 2 is prohibited.
- As a 1st correction coefficient there exists a numerical value regarding deterioration of the storage battery 2, for example. That is, since the control device 1 can determine whether or not the storage battery 2 needs to be charged, including other factors of the price, the storage battery 2 can be charged so as to meet the economic benefits of the user.
- the first correction coefficient is an arbitrary positive value ⁇ that is set so that the storage battery 2 is not repeatedly charged and stopped more than a predetermined number of times within a certain period of time.
- the electric charge At is corrected by adding the numerical value ⁇ .
- Frequent charging and stopping of charging lead to deterioration of the storage battery 2 and is not preferable for the user. Since the control device 1 can avoid frequent repetition of charging and stopping of the storage battery 2 by introducing an arbitrary positive numerical value ⁇ as the first correction coefficient, it is suitable for the economic benefit of the user. In this way, charging of the storage battery 2 and stopping of charging can be controlled.
- the charging unit price correction coefficient acquisition unit 38 acquires a second correction coefficient for correcting the charging unit price X.
- the control unit 39 corrects the charging unit price X based on the second correction coefficient, and compares the electric charge At with the corrected charging unit price to correct the electric charge At.
- the charging unit price is less than or equal to, the discharging from the storage battery 2 to the load 6 is prohibited. That is, since the control device 1 can determine whether or not the storage battery 2 needs to be discharged including other factors of the price, the control device 1 stops the discharge and discharge of the storage battery 2 so as to meet the economic benefits of the user. Can be controlled.
- the second correction coefficient is an arbitrary positive numerical value ⁇ that is set so that the storage battery 6 does not repeat discharging and stopping the discharge more than a predetermined number of times within a certain time.
- the charging unit price X is corrected by adding the numerical value ⁇ . Frequent repetition of discharge and stoppage of discharge leads to deterioration of the storage battery, which is undesirable for the user.
- the control device 1 can avoid frequent repetition of the discharge and the stop of the discharge by introducing an arbitrary positive numerical value ⁇ as the second correction coefficient. Therefore, the discharge of the storage battery 2 and the stop of the discharge can be controlled so as to meet the economic benefit of the user.
- the basic schedule determination unit 33 discharges from the storage battery 2 to the load 6 and from the power system to the storage battery 6 based on the comparison result between the ratio of the electricity charges At and the charge / discharge efficiency p ⁇ q in different time zones t. And the storage battery 2 are stopped.
- the correction control unit compares the electric charge At with the charging unit price X for the time zone t in which the basic schedule determination unit 33 has decided to stop the storage battery 2, and if the electric charge At is less than the charging unit price X, When the storage battery 2 is charged from the system and the electricity charge At is equal to or higher than the charging unit price X, the storage battery 2 is discharged to the load 6.
- the power storage system 1 includes a storage battery 2 and a control device 3 that controls charging / discharging of the storage battery 2. Therefore, the electrical storage system which can charge / discharge the storage battery 2 so that it may suit a user's economical profit can be provided.
- the time zone t when the electricity rate At is set may be 30 minutes.
- t 1 to 48
- the electricity bill is A1 to A48.
- step S22 may be omitted or it may be set so that “neither” is selected in step S22.
- each function of the control device 3 may be executed by a computer program.
- the power storage system 1 may include a plurality of storage batteries 2 and one control device that controls the storage batteries 2 collectively.
- control device 3 may be independent from the power storage system 1.
- control device 3 may be incorporated in the smart meter 5.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施形態における蓄電システムの利用形態の一例を概略的に説明している。本発明の実施形態における蓄電システム1は、図1に示すように、需要家の家屋に設置され、電力系統から充電されるとともに家屋内の負荷6(61,62,63)に放電するものとする。また、需要家の家屋における屋内配線と電力系統との間にはスマートメーター5が設置されている。スマートメーター5には、電力会社が設定した翌日の1時間ごとの電気料金に関する情報が提供されるものとする。
図2は、制御装置の概略を示すブロック図である。制御装置3は、電力系統から蓄電池2への充電、および、蓄電池2から負荷6への放電を制御する装置であって、電気料金取得部31、充放電効率取得部32、基本スケジュール決定部33、充電電力量算出部34、放電可能電力量算出部35、充電単価算出部36、電気料金補正係数取得部37、充電単価補正係数取得部38および制御部39を含む。
電気料金取得部31は、時間帯tごとに設定されている電気料金Atを示す第1情報を、例えばスマートメーター5またはインターネットを介して電力会社のサーバから取得する。本実施形態において、電気料金は1時間ごとに設定されているから、t=1~24であり、電気料金取得部31は、夜12時から午後11時までの1時間ごとの電気料金A1~A24の情報を有する。なお、制御装置3が、当日の午後11時における蓄電池2の充放電の要否を決定した後で、かつ、翌日の夜12時における蓄電池2の充放電の要否を決定する前に、電気料金取得部31は、電気料金Atを示す第1情報を翌日の第1情報に更新する。
充放電効率取得部32は、蓄電池2の充放電効率p,qを示す第2情報を取得する。ここで、充放電効率p,qは、充電効率pと放電効率qとを含む総称である。充電効率pは、電力系統から蓄電池2に供給される電力量に対する、蓄電池2に充電される電力量の割合を意味する。また、放電効率qは、蓄電池2に充電されている電力量に対する、蓄電池2から負荷6に放電される電力量の割合を意味する。例えば、図3のように、電力系統から蓄電池2に1.25kWhの電力量が供給された結果、蓄電池2に1.123kWhの電力量が充電された場合、充電効率pは0.90である。また、蓄電池2に充電されている1.123kWhの電力量を出力した結果、負荷6に1.00kWhの電力量が供給された場合、放電効率qは0.89である。ちなみに、電気料金10円/1.00kWhの時間帯に、上述した充放電効率を有する蓄電池2に電力系統から1.25kWhの電力量を充電する場合、負荷に放電可能な電力量は1.00kWhであるから、この電力量を蓄電池2に充電するために掛かる電気料金は12.5円である。よって、この場合における蓄電池2の1.00kWhあたりの充電単価は12.5円である。したがって、例えば電気料金が11円/1.00kWhである時間帯に、この蓄電池2から負荷に放電することは、利用者の経済的利益に適わないことになる。他方、蓄電池2に充電された電力量の充電単価が12.5円/1.00kWhである場合、電気料金10円/1.00kWh以下の時間帯に蓄電池2に充電しなければ、利用者の経済的利益につながらない。
充電電力量算出部34は、蓄電池2に充電されている第1電力量を算出する。本実施形態においては、電気料金Atが時間帯tごとに設定されるとの前提の下で蓄電池2の充電に要した費用を算出するため、該当する時間帯の間に蓄電池2に充電されおよび蓄電池2から放電された電力量を算出することが求められる。そのため、充電電力量算出部34は、充電電力量積算部34Aと放電電力量積算部34Bとを含む。
S=S’+Wt×p×q
に基づいて算出する。また、放電可能電力量算出部35は、蓄電池2が負荷2に放電している場合には、蓄電池2の第2電力量Sを、関係式
S=S’-Pt
に基づいて算出する。
充電単価算出部36は、第2電力量S、時間帯tにおける電気料金At、電力量Wtおよび充放電効率p,qに基づいて、第2電力量Sを充電するのに要した単位電力量あたりの充電単価Xを算出する。充電単価算出部36は、直前の時間帯(t-1)における充電単価X’を記憶しており、時間帯tにおける充電単価Xを、関係式
に基づいて算出する。
電気料金補正係数取得部37は、電気料金Atを補正するための係数βを取得する。係数βは、蓄電池2が頻繁に充電および充電の停止を繰り返すことなどによる蓄電池2の劣化を防止するために設定される任意の定数である。係数βは、当初から設定されていてもよいし、利用者が外部インターフェイス302から入力した値でもよい。
基本スケジュール決定部33は、蓄電池2の充放電に関する基本的なスケジュールを決定する。つまり、基本スケジュール決定部33は、時間帯tに対応する電気料金Atおよび充放電効率p,qに基づいて、時間帯tにおいて蓄電池2を充電させるか、放電させるか、充電も放電もさせないかを決定する。
制御部39は、時間帯tごとに電気料金Atを充電単価Xと比較して、電気料金Atが充電単価X未満である場合、電力系統から蓄電池2に充電させ、電気料金Atが充電単価X以上である場合、蓄電池2から負荷6に放電させる。なお、後述するように、電気料金Atと充電単価Xとに補正が加えられる場合がある。
At’=At/(p×q)+β
で与えられる。つまり、補正された電気料金At’は、充放電効率p,qが考慮された電気料金であるとともに、βを介して頻繁な充電および充電の停止の繰り返しなどによる蓄電池2の劣化が考慮されている。補正された電気料金At’が充電単価X未満である場合、制御部39は、電力系統から蓄電池2に充電させるようにする。この場合、蓄電池2の充電によって蓄電池2の充電単価Xが下がるので、蓄電池2を充電することは利用者の経済的利益に適っている。他方、補正された電気料金At’が充電単価X以上である場合、制御部39は、時間帯tの間、蓄電システム1を停止させる。充電によって蓄電池2の充電単価Xが上昇することは利用者の経済的利益に適わないためであり、また、充電によって利用者が得る利益よりも、充電および充電の停止の繰り返しなどに伴う蓄電池2の劣化によって利用者の被る損失の方が重視されるためである。
図4~図6を参照して、本実施形態における制御装置3の動作を説明する。
ステップS1は、時間帯tにおける電気料金Atと充放電効率p、qとに基づいて、各時間帯において蓄電池2を充電させる価値があるか、放電させる価値があるか、または、充電も放電もしないことに価値があるかを判定する過程であり、図5に示されるようにステップS11~S15を含む。
ステップS2は、ステップS1とは異なる指標を用いて、蓄電池2の充放電の要否を判定するステップである。ステップS2は、図6に示されるようにステップS21~S28を含む。
時間帯tが「充電」の時間帯に分類されている場合、時間帯tの間、ステップS23にしたがって電力系統から蓄電池2に充電される。ステップS23は、ステップS231~S234を含んでいる。
時間帯tが「放電」の時間帯に分類されている場合、時間帯tの間、ステップS24にしたがって蓄電池2から負荷6に放電が実施される。ステップS24は、ステップS241~S243を含む。
時間帯tが「どちらでもない」の時間帯に分類されている場合、ステップS25~S28において、基本スケジュールの決定とは異なる基準を用いて、蓄電池2の充放電を再度判断する。ここで用いられる基準は、主として、電気料金Atと、蓄電池2の放電可能電力量Sに対する充電単価Xである。
2 蓄電池
3 制御装置
31 電気料金取得部
32 充放電効率取得部
33 基本スケジュール決定部
34 充電電力量算出部
35 放電可能電力量算出部
36 充電単価算出部
39 制御部
Claims (10)
- 時間帯ごとに設定されている電気料金を示す第1情報を取得する第1取得部と、
蓄電池の充放電効率を示す第2情報を取得する第2取得部と、
前記蓄電池に充電されている第1電力量を算出する第1算出部と、
前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記蓄電池から負荷に放電可能な前記蓄電池の第2電力量を算出する第2算出部と、
前記第2電力量、前記蓄電池が充電される前記時間帯における前記電気料金、前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記第2電力量を充電するのに要した単位電力量あたりの充電単価を算出する第3算出部と、
前記時間帯ごとに前記電気料金を前記充電単価と比較して、前記電気料金が前記充電単価未満である場合、電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電させ、前記電気料金が前記充電単価以上である場合、前記蓄電池から前記負荷に放電させる制御部と
を備えることを特徴とする蓄電池の制御装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記電気料金が前記充電単価未満である場合、前記電気料金を前記充放電効率で除することで前記電気料金を補正し、補正された前記電気料金を前記充電単価と比較して、前記補正された電気料金が前記充電単価以上であるとき、前記電力系統から前記蓄電池への充電を禁止する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蓄電池の制御装置。 - 前記電気料金を補正するための第1補正係数を取得する第3取得部を更に備え、
前記制御部は、前記電気料金が前記充電単価未満である場合、前記電気料金を前記第1補正係数に基づいて補正し、補正された前記電気料金を前記充電単価と比較して、前記補正された電気料金が前記充電単価以上であるとき、前記電力系統から前記蓄電池への充電を禁止する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蓄電池の制御装置。 - 前記第1補正係数は、前記蓄電池が一定の時間内に所定回数より多く充電および充電の停止を繰り返さないように設定される任意の正の数値であり、
前記制御部は、前記任意の正の数値を加算することで前記電気料金を補正する
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の蓄電池の制御装置。 - 前記充電単価を補正するための第2補正係数を取得する第4取得部を更に備え、
前記制御部は、前記電気料金が前記充電単価以上である場合、前記充電単価を前記第2補正係数に基づいて補正し、前記電気料金を補正された前記充電単価と比較して、前記電気料金が前記補正された充電単価以下であるとき、前記蓄電池から負荷への放電を禁止する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の蓄電池の制御装置。 - 前記第2補正係数は、前記蓄電池が一定の時間内に所定回数より多く放電と放電の停止を繰り返さないように設定される任意の正の数値であり、
前記制御部は、前記任意の正の数値を加算することで前記充電単価を補正する
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の蓄電池の制御装置。 - 時間帯ごとに設定されている電気料金を示す第1情報を取得する第1取得部と、
蓄電池の充放電効率を示す第2情報を取得する第2取得部と、
前記蓄電池に充電されている第1電力量を算出する第1算出部と、
前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記蓄電池から負荷に放電可能な前記蓄電池の第2電力量を算出する第2算出部と、
前記第2電力量、前記蓄電池が充電される前記時間帯における前記電気料金、前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記第2電力量を充電するのに要した単位電力量あたりの充電単価を算出する第3算出部と、
異なる前記時間帯における前記電気料金同士の比と前記充放電効率との比較結果に基づいて、前記蓄電池から前記負荷への放電、前記電力系統から前記蓄電池への充電、および、前記蓄電池の停止をさせる基本スケジュール決定部と、
前記基本スケジュール決定部が前記蓄電池を停止させることを決定した前記時間帯について、前記電気料金を前記充電単価と比較して、前記電気料金が前記充電単価未満である場合、電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電させ、前記電気料金が前記充電単価以上である場合、前記蓄電池から前記負荷に放電させる補正制御部と
を備えることを特徴とする蓄電池の制御装置。 - 時間帯ごとに設定されている電気料金を示す第1情報を取得し、
蓄電池の充放電効率を示す第2情報を取得し、
前記蓄電池に充電されている第1電力量を算出し、
前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記蓄電池から負荷に放電可能な前記蓄電池の第2電力量を算出し、
前記第2電力量、前記蓄電池が充電される前記時間帯における前記電気料金、前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記第2電力量を充電するのに要した単位電力量あたりの充電単価を算出し、
前記時間帯ごとに前記電気料金を前記充電単価と比較して、前記電気料金が前記充電単価未満である場合、電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電させ、前記電気料金が前記充電単価以上である場合、前記蓄電池から前記負荷に放電させる
ことを特徴とする蓄電池の制御方法。 - 時間帯ごとに設定されている電気料金を示す第1情報を取得し、
蓄電池の充放電効率を示す第2情報を取得し、
前記蓄電池に充電されている第1電力量を算出し、
前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記蓄電池から負荷に放電可能な前記蓄電池の第2電力量を算出し、
前記第2電力量、前記蓄電池が充電される前記時間帯における前記電気料金、前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記第2電力量を充電するのに要した単位電力量あたりの充電単価を算出し、
前記時間帯ごとに前記電気料金を前記充電単価と比較して、前記電気料金が前記充電単価未満である場合、電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電させ、前記電気料金が前記充電単価以上である場合、前記蓄電池から前記負荷に放電させる
ことをコンピュータに実行させることを特徴とする蓄電池の制御プログラム。 - 蓄電池と、
前記蓄電池の充放電を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、
時間帯ごとに設定されている電気料金を示す第1情報を取得する第1取得部と、
前記蓄電池の充放電効率を示す第2情報を取得する第2取得部と、
前記蓄電池に充電されている第1電力量を算出する第1算出部と、
前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記蓄電池から負荷に放電可能な前記蓄電池の第2電力量を算出する第2算出部と、
前記第2電力量、前記蓄電池が充電される前記時間帯における前記電気料金、前記第1電力量および前記充放電効率に基づいて、前記第2電力量を充電するのに要した単位電力量あたりの充電単価を算出する第3算出部と、
前記時間帯ごとに前記電気料金を前記充電単価と比較して、前記電気料金が前記充電単価未満である場合、電力系統から前記蓄電池に充電させ、前記電気料金が前記充電単価以上である場合、前記蓄電池から前記負荷に放電させる制御部と
を含むことを特徴とする蓄電システム。
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US15/025,442 US20160241071A1 (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | Control device, control method, and control program of storage battery and electricity storage system |
JP2014528784A JP5661975B1 (ja) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | 蓄電池の制御装置、制御方法、制御プログラム、および蓄電システム |
PCT/JP2013/081140 WO2015075772A1 (ja) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | 蓄電池の制御装置、制御方法、制御プログラム、および蓄電システム |
KR1020167007905A KR20160047545A (ko) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | 축전지의 제어 장치, 제어 방법, 제어 프로그램, 및 축전 시스템 |
EP13897922.4A EP3073597A4 (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | STORAGE BATTERY CONTROL DEVICE, CONTROL PROCEDURE, CONTROL PROGRAM AND POWER STORAGE SYSTEM |
CN201380079778.XA CN105580235A (zh) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | 蓄电池的控制装置、控制方法、控制程序以及蓄电系统 |
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PCT/JP2013/081140 WO2015075772A1 (ja) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | 蓄電池の制御装置、制御方法、制御プログラム、および蓄電システム |
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US (1) | US20160241071A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3073597A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5661975B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20160047545A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105580235A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015075772A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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JP2017034738A (ja) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-09 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 蓄電池運用管理装置および蓄電池運用管理方法 |
JP2017163640A (ja) * | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-14 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 蓄電システム、制御装置、制御方法、及び制御プログラム |
JP2019092323A (ja) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-06-13 | 株式会社東芝 | 電力制御装置、電力制御方法及び電力制御プログラム |
JP2019170102A (ja) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-03 | 大和ハウス工業株式会社 | 電力供給システム |
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JP5975163B1 (ja) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-08-23 | 日本電気株式会社 | 演算装置 |
US10867360B1 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2020-12-15 | Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. | Electric battery recharging unit controlled by a seasonality detection unit of a futures margin modeling system |
EP4381454A1 (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2024-06-12 | Rheem Australia PTY Limited | Systems and methods for connecting electrical appliances to an electrical grid |
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- 2013-11-19 WO PCT/JP2013/081140 patent/WO2015075772A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-11-19 JP JP2014528784A patent/JP5661975B1/ja active Active
- 2013-11-19 CN CN201380079778.XA patent/CN105580235A/zh active Pending
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20160241071A1 (en) | 2016-08-18 |
KR20160047545A (ko) | 2016-05-02 |
CN105580235A (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
EP3073597A4 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
JPWO2015075772A1 (ja) | 2017-03-16 |
JP5661975B1 (ja) | 2015-01-28 |
EP3073597A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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