WO2015074588A1 - 锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系及其制备方法 - Google Patents

锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015074588A1
WO2015074588A1 PCT/CN2014/091821 CN2014091821W WO2015074588A1 WO 2015074588 A1 WO2015074588 A1 WO 2015074588A1 CN 2014091821 W CN2014091821 W CN 2014091821W WO 2015074588 A1 WO2015074588 A1 WO 2015074588A1
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zirconium
jelly
flooding system
dispersion
water
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PCT/CN2014/091821
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English (en)
French (fr)
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戴彩丽
赵光
由庆
赵明伟
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中国石油大学(华东)
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Priority to AU2014352354A priority Critical patent/AU2014352354B2/en
Priority to US15/038,359 priority patent/US10202540B2/en
Priority to EP14863341.5A priority patent/EP3059293B1/en
Publication of WO2015074588A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015074588A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
    • C09K8/584—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
    • C09K8/03—Specific additives for general use in well-drilling compositions
    • C09K8/032—Inorganic additives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/162—Injecting fluid from longitudinally spaced locations in injection well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/20—Displacing by water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
    • C09K2208/10—Nanoparticle-containing well treatment fluids

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of oilfield chemistry, and in particular relates to a composite flooding system of a multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion and a polyether nonionic surfactant, a preparation method thereof and an oil displacement method.
  • Water injection development is the main method of oilfield exploitation in China, but the long-term water injection development of oil fields leads to the inhomogeneity of the formation, which accelerates the water-bearing rise rate in the middle and late stages of oilfield development, and the water drive is inefficient or inefficient, resulting in a large residual residue in the formation.
  • the oil cannot be used. Therefore, how to improve the deep potential tapping of the remaining oil is the key to increase production and stabilize production in the middle and late water injection development oilfields.
  • Increasing the sweeping volume and washing efficiency of the oil displacing agent are two ways to control the water and stabilize the oil in the oil field.
  • the binary composite flooding of polymer/surfactant and the ternary composite flooding of polymer/surfactant/alkali are The main chemical compounding technology is an important technical means to realize the potential tapping of the remaining oil. It has been successfully applied in the field implementation.
  • the main role of the polymer in the composite flooding is to increase the viscosity of the displacement fluid to expand the volume.
  • the main role of the surfactant and alkali is to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension, emulsify the crude oil and change the wettability of the rock to improve the oil washing efficiency.
  • the deep remaining part of the remaining oil has also exposed some problems in the field implementation process.
  • the polymer In the binary composite flooding process of polymer/surfactant, the polymer is greatly affected by the shearing of the mechanical equipment and formation pores and the physical and chemical properties of the formation. The viscosity of the polymer is greatly reduced, and the fluidity control ability is weakened.
  • the addition of alkali in the polymer/surfactant/alkaline ternary composite flooding system greatly improves the effect of the ternary composite flooding, but the presence of alkali It can cause fouling of the wellbore, causing formation damage, and also cause difficulty in the demulsification of the subsequent production fluid.
  • CN102504794A discloses a binary composite flooding system of hydrophobic association polymer-mixed surfactant for tertiary oil recovery, which comprises a hydrophobic association polymer, petroleum sulfonate, n-pentanol and dodecyl group.
  • the composition of betaine and the balance of water, the composite flooding system can reduce the oil-water interfacial tension up to 10 -3 mN / m, and improve the recovery factor by more than 20%, but the composition of the mixed surfactant is relatively complex, the polymerization in the composite flooding
  • the logistics control ability is weak, especially in the subsequent water flooding stage, the injection pressure drops rapidly, and the oil displacement agent is prone to occur near the oil well, which greatly limits the oil displacement effect of the oil displacement agent and reduces the use of the oil displacement agent. Value, it is difficult to obtain long-term effective development results.
  • colloidal dispersion jelly CDG
  • pre-crosslinked particles PPG
  • jelly dispersion DPG adjustment drive technology.
  • colloidal dispersion jelly CDG is greatly affected by the shearing of the equipment and formation pores and the physical and chemical properties of the formation, which will lead to freezing. The freezing time of the glue, the strength of the jelly and the depth of entering the formation are difficult to control, which makes the effectiveness of the treatment process worse; the injectability and selectivity of the pre-crosslinked particles (PPG) are poor.
  • CN102936490A discloses a preparation method of an environment-friendly multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion, which is simple and efficient, and the prepared zirconium jelly dispersion is not controlled by the formation conditions of the frozen reaction.
  • the impact can meet large-scale industrial production and is environmentally friendly.
  • the nano-scale, micro-scale, and millimeter-sized zirconium jelly dispersion obtained by the method can enter the deep part of the formation through the self-size of the layer, and gather and expand in the deep part of the formation, which can effectively adjust the water absorption profile of the formation, and has strong fluidity control.
  • the ability to turn the subsequent water drive to the middle and low permeability layer and expand the subsequent water drive volume does not consider improving the oil washing efficiency of the oil displacing agent, but only achieves enhanced oil recovery from expanding the volume of the subsequent fluid.
  • the present invention provides a composite flooding system of a multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion and a surfactant capable of adapting to various heterogeneous reservoirs, and a preparation method thereof, which is injected through a segmented plug.
  • the method of injecting into the reservoir formation can maximize the oil displacement effect of the composite flooding system.
  • the present invention adopts the following scheme:
  • a zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system comprising: a multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion, a polyether nonionic surfactant and a liquid distribution water;
  • the mass fraction of the multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion in the total mass of the composite flooding system is 0.16% to 0.24%;
  • the mass fraction of the polyether nonionic surfactant in the total mass of the composite flooding system is 0.1% to 0.4%;
  • the balance is water, and the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100%.
  • a nano-, micro- or milli-scale zirconium jelly dispersion in the liquid stir for 5 minutes to be evenly dispersed; then add polyether non-ionic surface active
  • the agent is stirred for 5 minutes until it is fully dissolved, thereby obtaining a zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system; in the zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system, the mass fraction of the zirconium jelly dispersion is 0.16% to 0.24%, and the surface activity is The mass fraction of the agent is from 0.1% to 0.4%.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion used in the present invention has a good synergistic effect with the polyether nonionic surfactant.
  • concentration of the polyether nonionic surfactant is 0.1% to 0.4%, the composite system It has high interfacial activity, which can reduce the oil-water interfacial tension to the order of 10 -3 mN/m, which significantly improves the oil washing efficiency of the oil displacing agent;
  • the multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system used in the present invention can be applied to various types of heterogeneous reservoirs, and the zirconium jelly dispersion used has good temperature resistance, salt resistance and shear resistance. , can avoid the adverse effects of polymer viscosity loss in binary composite flooding or ternary composite flooding;
  • the multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system used in the present invention has good aging stability. After aging at 75 ° C for two months, the oil-water interfacial tension of the composite flooding system can still reach 10 -2 mN / m order of magnitude;
  • the multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion used in the invention generates aggregate expansion after aging of the reservoir temperature, can effectively block the high-permeability flow channel, keep the subsequent injection pressure at a high level, and has good fluidity. Control ability, can significantly increase the volume of subsequent fluids;
  • the invention does not add a base, and the adverse effects caused by the alkali can be avoided;
  • the oil displacement method is simple. By setting three oil displacement slugs, the oil displacement effect of the composite flooding system can be maximized.
  • Figure 1 is a production curve of a nano-zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system
  • 2 is a production curve of a micron-sized zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system
  • Figure 3 shows the oil recovery curve of a millimeter-scale zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system.
  • the zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system comprises: a multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion, a polyether nonionic surfactant and a liquid distribution water; wherein:
  • the mass fraction of the multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion in the total mass of the composite flooding system is 0.16% to 0.24%;
  • the mass fraction of the polyether nonionic surfactant in the total mass of the composite flooding system is 0.1% to 0.4%;
  • the balance is water, and the sum of the mass fractions of the components is 100%.
  • the multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion refers to a water-soluble jelly particle dispersion having a particle size of nanometer, micrometer or millimeter, which is obtained by mechanical shearing of the whole zirconium jelly, and has a particle diameter of 92 nm to 5.5. Between mm; the multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion in the composite flooding system is one of a nanoscale, micron or millimeter zirconium jelly dispersion.
  • the aggregation and expansion of the jelly dispersion itself can block the high-permeability flow channel, expand the volume of the subsequent fluid, and enhance the fluidity control ability of the composite flooding system.
  • the structural formula of the polyether nonionic surfactant is:
  • the addition of surfactant can enhance the ability of the composite flooding system to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension, which is beneficial to the separation of the remaining oil from the surface of the rock formation and improve the oil displacement efficiency of the composite flooding system.
  • the liquid distribution water is fresh water or treated oil field reinjected sewage.
  • the preparation method of the above zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system comprises the following steps:
  • zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system At room temperature (20 ⁇ 5 ° C), first add a nano-, micro- or milli-scale zirconium jelly dispersion in the liquid, stir for 5 minutes to be evenly dispersed; then add polyether non-ionic surface active The agent is stirred for 5 minutes until it is fully dissolved.
  • the mass fraction of the zirconium jelly dispersion in the zirconium jelly dispersion flooding system is 0.16% to 0.24%, and the mass fraction of the surfactant is 0.1% to 0.4%. Thereby, a zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system is obtained.
  • the pretreatment section plug used is an aqueous solution of the above polyether type nonionic surfactant, and the mass fraction of the polyether type nonionic surfactant in the aqueous solution is 0.1% to 0.4%.
  • the main slug used is the above composite flooding system; by setting the composite flooding system slug, the high-efficiency surfactant in the composite flooding system can significantly improve the oil washing efficiency of the oil displacing agent by reducing the oil-water interfacial tension.
  • the multi-scale zirconium jelly dispersion realizes the plugging of the high-permeability flow channel by its own aggregation expansion, expands the volume of the subsequent fluid, and greatly enhances the oil recovery rate through the synergistic effect of the two;
  • the post-protection slug used is an aqueous solution of a nanometer, micron or millimeter zirconium jelly dispersion having a mass fraction of 0.16% to 0.24% in the aqueous solution.
  • This example provides a preparation method and an oil displacement method for a nano-sized zirconium jelly dispersion hydraulic flooding system.
  • Nano-zirconium jelly dispersion flooding system including: nano-zirconium jelly dispersion, mass fraction of 0.24%; polyether non-ionic surfactant, mass fraction of 0.1%; balance of liquid water, quality The score is 99.66%, each The sum of the component mass fractions is 100%.
  • nano-zirconium jelly dispersion particle size: 108nm
  • polyether-type nonionic surfactant 0.1g
  • the zirconium jelly dispersion mobile flooding system was prepared in minutes, and the composite flooding system reduced the oil-water interfacial tension to 2.4135 ⁇ 10 -3 mN/m.
  • the present embodiment provides a method of flooding jelly nanoscale dispersion of zirconium compound flooding systems, as follows: at 75 °C, the permeability of 1.44 ⁇ m artificial core 2 (the length of 8.3cm, 2.5cm, diameter of the pore volume 11.35 mL) Vacuum saturated water, saturated oil, water driven to 98%, according to the following three slugs for compound flooding system flooding: pre-treatment pre-stage plug, main slug and post-protected slug.
  • the steps of the nano-zirconium jelly dispersion flooding process are as follows:
  • the pre-treatment pretreatment section is an aqueous solution of a polyether type nonionic surfactant, and the mass fraction of the polyether type nonionic surfactant in the aqueous solution is 0.1%, and the volume injection amount is core 0.1% of the pore volume;
  • Main slug is a composite flooding system with a mass fraction of 0.24% nano-sized zirconium jelly dispersion (particle size of 108 nm) + mass fraction of 0.1% surfactant, and the volume injection amount is the pore volume of the core. 50%;
  • the post-protection plug is an aqueous solution of a nano-sized zirconium jelly dispersion (particle size: 108 nm).
  • the mass fraction of the zirconium jelly dispersion in the aqueous solution is 0.24%, and the volume injection amount is core. 1.0% of the pore volume;
  • This example provides a preparation method and an oil displacement method for a micron-sized zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system.
  • Micron-sized zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system including: micron-sized zirconium jelly dispersion, mass fraction of 0.2%; polyether nonionic surfactant, mass fraction of 0.3%; balance of liquid water, quality The score is 99.5%, and the sum of the mass scores of the components is 100%.
  • micron-sized zirconium jelly dispersion particles size 5.6 ⁇ m
  • polyether-type nonionic surfactant 0.3 g
  • the micron-sized zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system was prepared in 5 minutes.
  • the composite flooding system reduced the oil-water interfacial tension to 1.6352 ⁇ 10 -3 mN/m.
  • the present embodiment provides a method of flooding jelly micron zirconium composite dispersion flooding systems, as follows: at 75 °C, the permeability of 4.43 ⁇ m artificial core 2 (length 8.3cm, diameter 2.5cm, the pore volume 11.35 mL) Vacuum saturated water, saturated oil, water driven to 98%, according to the following three slugs for compound flooding system flooding: pre-treatment pre-stage plug, main slug and post-protected slug.
  • the steps of the micron-sized zirconium jelly dispersion flooding process are as follows:
  • the pre-treatment pre-stage plug is an aqueous solution of a polyether type nonionic surfactant, and the mass fraction of the polyether type nonionic surfactant in the aqueous solution is 0.2%, and the volume injection amount is core 0.5% of the pore volume;
  • Main slug is a composite flooding system with a mass fraction of 0.2% micron zirconium jelly dispersion (particle size 5.6 ⁇ m) + mass fraction of 0.3% surfactant, and the volume injection amount is the core pore volume. 40%;
  • the post-protection plug is an aqueous solution of a micron-sized zirconium jelly dispersion (particle size 5.6 ⁇ m).
  • the mass fraction of the zirconium jelly dispersion in the aqueous solution is 0.2%, and the volume injection amount is 0.5% of the core pore volume;
  • This example provides a preparation method and an oil displacement method for a millimeter-scale zirconium jelly dispersion fluid flooding system.
  • Millimeter-grade zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system including: millimeter zirconium jelly dispersion with a mass fraction of 0.16%; polyether nonionic surfactant with a mass fraction of 0.4%; balance with liquid water, quality The score is 99.44%, and the sum of the mass scores of the components is 100%.
  • millimeter-class zirconium jelly dispersion particles size 3.3 mm
  • polyether-type nonionic surfactant 0.16 g
  • the millimeter-class zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system was prepared in 5 minutes.
  • the composite flooding system reduced the oil-water interfacial tension to 1.8343 ⁇ 10 -3 mN/m.
  • This embodiment provides an oil displacement method for a millimeter-class zirconium jelly dispersion composite flooding system, which is an artificial core having a permeability of 16.98 ⁇ m 2 at 75 ° C (length 8.3 cm, diameter 2.5 cm, pore volume 11.35) mL) Vacuum saturated water, saturated oil, water driven to 98%, according to the following three slugs for compound flooding system flooding: pre-treatment pre-stage plug, main slug and post-protected slug.
  • the steps of the millimeter-class zirconium jelly dispersion flooding are as follows:
  • the pre-treatment pretreatment section is an aqueous solution of a polyether type nonionic surfactant, and the mass fraction of the polyether type nonionic surfactant in the aqueous solution is 0.4%, and the volume injection amount is the core 1.0% of the pore volume;
  • Main slug is a composite flooding system with a mass fraction of 0.16% millimeter zirconium jelly dispersion (3.3mm particle size) + mass fraction of 0.4% surfactant, and the volume injection volume is the core pore volume. 30%;
  • the post-protection plug is an aqueous solution of a millimeter-class zirconium jelly dispersion (3.3 mm in particle size).
  • the mass fraction of the zirconium jelly dispersion in the aqueous solution is 0.16%, and the injection amount is core. 1.0% of the pore volume;

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Abstract

本发明属于油田化学领域，具体地，涉及一种锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系。锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，包括多尺度锆冻胶分散体、聚醚型非离子表面活性剂和配液水；多尺度锆冻胶分散体在复合驱油体系总质量中的质量分数为0.16％～0.24％；聚醚型非离子表面活性剂在复合驱油体系总质量中的质量分数为0.1％～0.4％；余量为水，各组分质量分数之和为100％。本发明的多尺度锆冻胶分散体与聚醚型非离子表面活性剂具有良好的协同效应，可使油水界面张力降低到10-3mN/m数量级，显著提高驱油剂的洗油效率，避免二元复合驱或三元复合驱中聚合物粘度散失带来的不利影响，避免碱带来的不利影响，能够提高复合驱油体系的驱油效果。

Description

锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于油田化学领域，具体地，涉及一种多尺度锆冻胶分散体与聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的复合驱油体系及其制备方法和驱油方法。
背景技术
注水开发是我国油田开采的主要方式，但油田的长期注水开发导致地层的非均质性加剧，使油田开发中后期含水上升速度加快，水驱低效或无效循环，导致地层中残留的大量剩余油无法动用。因此如何提高剩余油的深部挖潜是中后期注水开发油田增产稳产的关键。提高驱油剂的波及体积和洗油效率是目前油田控水稳油的两个途径，以聚合物/表面活性剂的二元复合驱、聚合物/表面活性剂/碱的三元复合驱为主的化学复合驱技术是实现剩余油深部挖潜的重要技术手段，在现场实施中得到了成功应用。复合驱中聚合物的主要作用是增加驱替液的黏度以扩大波及体积，表面活性剂和碱的主要作用是降低油水界面张力、乳化原油和改变岩石润湿性以提高洗油效率，从而实现剩余油的深部挖潜。但化学复合驱技术在现场实施过程中也暴露了一些问题，以聚合物/表面活性剂的二元复合驱过程中聚合物受机械设备和地层孔隙的剪切及地层理化性质影响较大，导致聚合物的粘度大幅度下降，流度控制能力减弱；聚合物/表面活性剂/碱的三元复合驱体系中碱的加入虽然很大程度上改善了三元复合驱的效果，但碱的存在会导致井筒结垢，引起地层伤害，同时也给后续采出液的破乳带来困难。
复合驱油技术的关键是如何选择合理的聚合物及高效表面活性剂，同时又能降低碱带来的不利影响，实现复合驱油的效果。CN102504794A公开了一种三次采油用疏水缔合聚合物-混合表面活性剂的二元复合驱体系，该二元复合驱体系由疏水缔合聚合物，石油磺酸盐，正戊醇和十二烷基甜菜碱和余量的水组成，该复合驱油体系能够降低油水界面张力达10-3mN/m，提高采收率20％以上，但混合表面活性剂的成份相对复杂，复合驱中的聚合物流度控制能力较弱，尤其在后续水驱阶段，注入压力下降较快，驱油剂容易发生指近窜入油井，极大地限制了驱油剂的驱油作用，降低了驱油剂的使用价值，难以获得长期有效的开发效果。
为了改善聚合物驱或复合驱中的聚合物流度控制能力较弱，克服地层条件不可控制的影响，发展了胶态分散体冻胶(CDG)、预交联颗粒(PPG)及冻胶分散体(DPG)调驱技术。但胶态分散体冻胶(CDG)受设备和地层孔隙的剪切及地层理化性质影响较大，会导致冻 胶的成冻时间、冻胶强度和进入地层深度难以控制，使得处理工艺的有效性变差；预交联颗粒(PPG)的注入性和选择性较差。针对现有技术的不足，CN102936490A公开了一种环境友好型多尺度锆冻胶分散体的制备方法，该制备方法简单、高效，制备的锆冻胶分散体不受成冻反应地层条件不可控制的影响，能够满足大规模的工业化生产，对环境友好。通过该方法得到的纳米级、微米级、毫米级的锆冻胶分散体能够通过自身粒径尺寸进入地层深部，并在地层深部聚集膨胀，能够有效调整地层吸水剖面，具有较强的流度控制能力，可使后续水驱转向中低渗层，扩大后续水驱波及体积。但该方法未考虑提高驱油剂的洗油效率，只是从扩大后续流体的波及体积方面实现提高原油采收率。
为了最大限度的提高原油采收率，因此需要开发一种新的复合驱油体系，既能够提高驱油剂的洗油效率，又能够提高驱油剂的波及体积，达到长期有效的水驱效果。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种能够适应多种类非均质油藏的多尺度锆冻胶分散体与表面活性剂的复合驱油体系及其制备方法，该体系通过分段塞注入的方式注入油藏地层，能够最大限度的提高复合驱油体系的驱油效果。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用下述方案：
一种锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，包括：多尺度锆冻胶分散体、聚醚型非离子表面活性剂和配液水；其特征在于：
多尺度锆冻胶分散体在复合驱油体系总质量中的质量分数为0.16％～0.24％；
聚醚型非离子表面活性剂在复合驱油体系总质量中的质量分数为0.1％～0.4％；
余量为水，各组分质量分数之和为100％。
上述的锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
室温下(20±5℃)，在配液水中先加入纳米级、微米级或毫米级锆冻胶分散体的一种，搅拌5分钟待其均匀分散后；再加入聚醚型非离子表面活性剂，搅拌5分钟待其充分溶解，从而得到锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系；在锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系中锆冻胶分散体的质量分数为0.16％～0.24％，表面活性剂的质量分数为0.1％～0.4％。
一种驱油方法，当注水井对应的油井含水显著上升，水驱低效或无效造成开发效果变差，且地层中残留大量剩余油时，采用上述的锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系进行驱油，包括以下步骤：
(1)、向地层中注入前置预处理段塞，其体积注入量为地层孔隙体积的0.1％～1.0％；
(2)、向地层中注入主段塞，其体积注入量为地层孔隙体积的30％～50％；
(3)、向地层中注入后置保护段塞，其体积注入量为地层孔隙体积的0.1％～1.0％；
(4)、关井5～10天；
(5)、开井恢复生产。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点：
(1)本发明采用的多尺度锆冻胶分散体与聚醚型非离子表面活性剂具有良好的协同效应，当聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的浓度为0.1％～0.4％时，复合体系具有较高的界面活性，可使油水界面张力降低到10-3mN/m数量级，显著提高驱油剂的洗油效率；
(2)本发明采用的多尺度锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系能够适用于多种类的非均质油藏，采用的锆冻胶分散体具有良好的耐温、耐盐、耐剪切性能，能够避免二元复合驱或三元复合驱中聚合物粘度散失带来的不利影响；
(3)本发明采用的多尺度锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系具有良好的老化稳定性，在75℃老化两个月后，复合驱油体系的油水界面张力仍可达到10-2mN/m数量级；
(4)本发明采用的多尺度锆冻胶分散体在油藏温度老化后产生聚集膨胀，能够对高渗流通道产生有效封堵，使后续注入压力保持较高的水平，具有较好的流度控制能力，能够显著提高后续流体的波及体积；
(5)本发明未加入碱，可避免碱带来的不利影响；
(6)本驱油方法简单，通过设置三个驱油段塞，能够最大限度地提高复合驱油体系的驱油效果。
附图说明
图1为纳米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的采油曲线；
图2为微米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的采油曲线；
图3为毫米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的采油曲线。
具体实施方式
锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，包括：多尺度锆冻胶分散体、聚醚型非离子表面活性剂和配液水；其中：
多尺度锆冻胶分散体在复合驱油体系总质量中的质量分数为0.16％～0.24％；
聚醚型非离子表面活性剂在复合驱油体系总质量中的质量分数为0.1％～0.4％；
余量为水，各组分质量分数之和为100％。
所述的多尺度锆冻胶分散体指粒径大小为纳米级、微米级或毫米级的水溶性冻胶颗粒分散体，由整体锆冻胶通过机械剪切制得，粒径在92nm～5.5mm之间；所述复合驱油体系中的多尺度锆冻胶分散体为纳米级、微米级或毫米级锆冻胶分散体中的一种。通过加入多尺度锆冻胶分散体，使冻胶分散体自身的聚集膨胀实现对高渗流通道的封堵，扩大后续流体的波及体积，增强复合驱油体系的流度控制能力。
聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的结构式为：
Figure PCTCN2014091821-appb-000001
式中，R为C8～C13的烷基；n为乙氧基团的加合数，n＝2～4；m为丙氧基团的加合数，m＝1，2，其中n，m为整数。表面活性剂的加入可以增强复合驱油体系降低油水界面张力的能力，利于剩余油从岩层表面剥离，提高复合驱油体系的驱油效率。
所述的配液水为清水或经过处理的油田回注污水。
上述锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
室温下(20±5℃)，在配液水中先加入纳米级、微米级或毫米级锆冻胶分散体的一种，搅拌5分钟待其均匀分散后；再加入聚醚型非离子表面活性剂，搅拌5分钟待其充分溶解，在锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系中使锆冻胶分散体的质量分数为0.16％～0.24％，使表面活性剂的质量分数为0.1％～0.4％，从而得到锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系。
一种驱油方法，当注水井对应的油井含水显著上升，水驱低效或无效造成开发效果变差，且地层中残留大量剩余油时，采用上述的锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系进行驱油，包括以下步骤：
(1)、向地层中注入前置预处理段塞，其体积注入量为地层孔隙体积的0.1％～1.0％；
(2)、向地层中注入主段塞，其体积注入量为地层孔隙体积的30％～50％；
(3)、向地层中注入后置保护段塞，其体积注入量为地层孔隙体积的0.1％～1.0％；
(4)、关井5～10天；
(5)、开井恢复生产。
所采用的前置预处理段塞为上述的聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的水溶液，水溶液中聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的质量分数为0.1％～0.4％。通过设置前置预处理段塞，可以降低近井含油饱和度，加大油水层的相对渗透率差异，有利于后续工作液的注入；
所采用的主段塞为上述的复合驱油体系；通过设置复合驱油体系段塞，该复合驱油体系中的高效表面活性剂通过降低油水界面张力能够显著提高驱油剂的洗油效率，多尺度锆冻胶分散体通过自身的聚集膨胀实现对高渗流通道的封堵，扩大后续流体的波及体积，通过二者的协同作用，大幅度提高原油采收率；
所采用的后置保护段塞为纳米级、微米级或毫米级锆冻胶分散体的水溶液，在水溶液中锆冻胶分散体的质量分数为0.16％～0.24％。通过设置后置保护段塞，可以保护主体段塞充分发挥作用，防止主体段塞受近井地带较大压差作用而突破，并且提高注入压力。
实施例1
本实例提供了纳米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的制备方法与驱油方法。
纳米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，包括：纳米级锆冻胶分散体，质量分数为0.24％；聚醚型非离子表面活性剂，质量分数为0.1％；余量配液清水，质量分数为99.66％，各 组分质量分数之和为100％。
室温下(20±5℃)，在99.66g配液清水中边搅拌依次加入0.24g纳米级锆冻胶分散体(粒径为108nm)、0.1g聚醚型非离子表面活性剂，均匀搅拌5分钟配制而成锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，该复合驱油体系降低油水界面张力达2.4135×10-3mN/m。
本实施例提供了纳米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的驱油方法，为：在75℃下，将渗透率为1.44μm2的人造岩心(长度8.3cm，直径2.5cm，孔隙体积11.35mL)抽真空饱和水、饱和油，水驱至98％后，按照以下三个段塞进行复合驱油体系驱油：前置预处理段塞、主段塞和后置保护段塞。纳米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油的步骤具体操作如下：
(1)前置预处理段塞：前置预处理段塞为聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的水溶液，水溶液中聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的质量分数为0.1％，体积注入量为岩心孔隙体积的0.1％；
(2)主段塞：主段塞为质量分数0.24％纳米级锆冻胶分散体(粒径为108nm)+质量分数0.1％表面活性剂的复合驱油体系，体积注入量为岩心孔隙体积的50％；
(3)后置保护段塞：后置保护段塞为纳米级锆冻胶分散体(粒径为108nm)的水溶液，水溶液中锆冻胶分散体的质量分数为0.24％，体积注入量为岩心孔隙体积的1.0％；
完成上述三个步骤，75℃老化5天之后，再次水驱至含水达到98％，采油曲线见图1。可以看出，注入纳米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系后，后续水驱阶段压力明显上升，且在水驱5倍孔隙体积之后仍可保持较高的压力，具有较强的流度控制能力，显著提高采收率增值达17.94％。
实施例2
本实例提供了微米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的制备方法与驱油方法。
微米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，包括：微米级锆冻胶分散体，质量分数为0.2％；聚醚型非离子表面活性剂，质量分数为0.3％；余量配液清水，质量分数为99.5％，各组分质量分数之和为100％。
室温下(20±5℃)，在99.5g配液清水中边搅拌依次加入0.2g微米级锆冻胶分散体(粒径为5.6μm)、0.3g聚醚型非离子表面活性剂，均匀搅拌5分钟配制而成微米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，该复合驱油体系降低油水界面张力达1.6352×10-3mN/m。
本实施例提供了微米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的驱油方法，为：在75℃下，将渗透率为4.43μm2的人造岩心(长度8.3cm，直径2.5cm，孔隙体积11.35mL)抽真空饱和水、饱和油，水驱至98％后，按照以下三个段塞进行复合驱油体系驱油：前置预处理段塞、主段塞和后置保护段塞。微米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油的步骤具体操作如下：
(1)前置预处理段塞：前置预处理段塞为聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的水溶液，水溶液中聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的质量分数为0.2％，体积注入量为岩心孔隙体积的0.5％；
(2)主段塞：主段塞为质量分数0.2％微米级锆冻胶分散体(粒径为5.6μm)+质量分数0.3％表面活性剂的复合驱油体系，体积注入量为岩心孔隙体积的40％；
(3)后置保护段塞：后置保护段塞为微米级锆冻胶分散体(粒径为5.6μm)的水溶液，水溶液中锆冻胶分散体的质量分数为0.2％，体积注入量为岩心孔隙体积的0.5％；
完成上述三个步骤，75℃老化5天之后，再次水驱至含水达到98％，采油曲线见图2。可以看出，注入微米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系后，压力有水驱时的0.0028MPa上升至后续水驱阶段的0.055MPa左右，压力明显上升，后续水驱阶段仍可保持较高的压力，说明冻胶分散体复合驱油体系能够对高渗流通道产生有效封堵，具有较强的流度控制能力，显著提高采收率增值达23.2％。
实施例3
本实例提供了毫米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的制备方法与驱油方法。
毫米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，包括：毫米级锆冻胶分散体，质量分数为0.16％；聚醚型非离子表面活性剂，质量分数为0.4％；余量配液清水，质量分数为99.44％，各组分质量分数之和为100％。
室温下(20±5℃)，在99.44g配液清水中边搅拌依次加入0.16g毫米级锆冻胶分散体(粒径为3.3mm)、0.4g聚醚型非离子表面活性剂，均匀搅拌5分钟配制而成毫米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，该复合驱油体系降低油水界面张力达1.8343×10-3mN/m。
本实施例提供了毫米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的驱油方法，为：在75℃下，将渗透率为16.98μm2的人造岩心(长度8.3cm，直径2.5cm，孔隙体积11.35mL)抽真空饱和水、饱和油，水驱至98％后，按照以下三个段塞进行复合驱油体系驱油：前置预处理段塞、主段塞和后置保护段塞。毫米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油的步骤具体操作如下：
(1)前置预处理段塞：前置预处理段塞为聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的水溶液，水溶液中聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的质量分数为0.4％，体积注入量为岩心孔隙体积的1.0％；
(2)主段塞：主段塞为质量分数0.16％毫米级锆冻胶分散体(粒径为3.3mm)+质量分数0.4％表面活性剂的复合驱油体系，体积注入量为岩心孔隙体积的30％；
(3)后置保护段塞：后置保护段塞为毫米级锆冻胶分散体(粒径为3.3mm)的水溶液，水溶液中锆冻胶分散体的质量分数为0.16％，注入量为岩心孔隙体积的1.0％；
完成上述三个步骤，75℃老化5天之后，再次水驱至含水达到98％，采油曲线见图3。可以看出，注入毫米级锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系后，后续水驱阶段压力明显上升，水驱3倍孔隙体积之后，仍保持较高的压力，显著提高采收率增值达22.01％。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，包括：多尺度锆冻胶分散体、聚醚型非离子表面活性剂和配液水；其特征在于：
    多尺度锆冻胶分散体在复合驱油体系总质量中的质量分数为0.16％～0.24％；
    聚醚型非离子表面活性剂在复合驱油体系总质量中的质量分数为0.1％～0.4％；
    余量为水，各组分质量分数之和为100％。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，其特征在于：所述的多尺度锆冻胶分散体指粒径大小为纳米级、微米级或毫米级的水溶性冻胶颗粒分散体，由整体锆冻胶通过机械剪切制得，粒径在92nm～5.5mm之间；所述复合驱油体系中的多尺度锆冻胶分散体为纳米级、微米级或毫米级锆冻胶分散体中的一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1-2所述的锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，其特征在于：聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的结构式为：
    Figure PCTCN2014091821-appb-100001
    式中，R为C8～C13的烷基；n为乙氧基团的加合数，n＝2～4；m为丙氧基团的加合数，m＝1，2，其中n，m为整数。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3所述的锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，其特征在于：所述的配液水为清水或经过处理的油田回注污水。
  5. 权利要求1-4所述的锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
    室温下，在配液水中先加入纳米级、微米级或毫米级锆冻胶分散体，搅拌5分钟待锆冻胶分散体均匀分散后；再加入聚醚型非离子表面活性剂，搅拌5分钟待聚醚型非离子表面活性剂充分溶解，从而得到锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系；
    在锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系中锆冻胶分散体的质量分数为0.16％～0.24％，表面活性剂的质量分数为0.1％～0.4％。
  6. 一种驱油方法，采用权利要求1-4所述的锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)向地层中注入前置预处理段塞，其体积注入量为地层孔隙体积的0.1％～1.0％；
    (2)向地层中注入主段塞，其体积注入量为地层孔隙体积的30％～50％；
    (3)向地层中注入后置保护段塞，其体积注入量为地层孔隙体积的0.1％～1.0％；
    (4)关井5～10天；
    (5)开井恢复生产。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的驱油方法，其特征在于，所述的前置预处理段塞为的聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的水溶液，水溶液中聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的质量分数为 0.1％～0.4％。
  8. 根据权利要求6-7所述的驱油方法，其特征在于，所述的主段塞为所述的锆冻胶分散体复合驱油体系。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8所述的驱油方法，其特征在于，所述的后置保护段塞为所述的纳米级、微米级或毫米级锆冻胶分散体的水溶液，水溶液中锆冻胶分散体的质量分数为0.16％～0.24％。
  10. 根据权利要求6-9所述的驱油方法，其特征在于，聚醚型非离子表面活性剂的结构式为：
    Figure PCTCN2014091821-appb-100002
    式中，R为C8～C13的烷基；n为乙氧基团的加合数，n＝2～4；m为丙氧基团的加合数，m＝1，2，其中n，m为整数；
    所述的配液水为清水或经过处理的油田回注污水。
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CN110079289B (zh) * 2019-03-26 2021-01-15 中国石油大学(华东) 冻胶分散体强化的聚合物三元复合驱油体系及其应用
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