WO2015066956A1

WO2015066956A1 - Method for processing tempered vacuumed glass

Info

Publication number: WO2015066956A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/090310
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王辉; 徐志武; 化山; 刘成伟
Original assignee: 青岛亨达玻璃科技有限公司
Priority date: 2013-11-11
Filing date: 2013-12-24
Publication date: 2015-05-14
Also published as: CA2871239C; CA2871239A1; CN103588387B; CN103588387A

Abstract

A method for processing a tempered vacuumed glass, comprising: manufacturing a support point, and, over-tempering treatment, compounding, sealing, and vacuuming of plate glasses, a total of five steps. Utilization of the method for processing a tempered vacuumed glass allows for reduced probability of the over-tempered vacuumed glass being self-shattered, and at the same time, ensures the tempered strength of the glass.

Description

Method for processing tempered vacuum glass

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of vacuum glass manufacturing technology, and more particularly to a method of processing tempered vacuum glass. Background technique

The vacuum glass is to seal the two sheets of flat glass, evacuate the gap and seal the suction holes. Since the two sheets of flat glass constituting the vacuum glass are very thin, in order to achieve the balance of the pressure inside and outside the flat glass, a fulcrum is often added between the two flat glass sheets to support the pressure of the glass under external atmospheric pressure, and the working principle and heat preservation. The principle of thermal insulation of bottles is similar.

If vacuum glass is used as the high-rise building window and glass curtain wall, the two flat glass materials that make up the vacuum glass must be safety glass. Tempered glass is much more important than ordinary glass because of its mechanical properties such as impact resistance, wind pressure resistance and flexural strength. It is the main type of safety glass. Therefore, theoretically, if tempered glass is used as two flat glass sheets constituting vacuum glass, it is formed. The safety of tempered vacuum glass is much higher than that of vacuum glass processed from ordinary flat glass.

However, due to a variety of complex reasons, tempered glass has a higher probability of self-explosion. Studies have shown that, especially when the surface stress is 52 MPa, the probability of "self-explosion" caused by impurities inside the tempered glass is greatly increased, so the tempered glass is usually subjected to hot dip treatment, which is also called homogenization treatment, commonly known as "detonation". The hot dip treatment is to heat the tempered glass to 290 °C ± 10 °C, and keep it for a certain period of time, which promotes the rapid completion of the crystal phase transformation of the nickel sulfide in the tempered glass, so that the tempered glass which may be self-explosive after the original use is artificially broken in advance. Homogenized furnace, thereby reducing the self-explosion of tempered glass in use after installation.

However, since the tempered glass is subjected to secondary heating by the hot dip treatment, and in the processing of the vacuum glass, the sealing process also requires reheating of the tempered glass. Due to the limited characteristics of tempered glass, reheating will inevitably lead to the surface stress of the tempered glass reducing the surface stress, thus affecting the mechanical properties such as impact resistance, wind pressure resistance and flexural strength of the tempered vacuum glass. Summary of the invention In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing a tempered vacuum glass which reduces the probability of "self-explosion" of the tempered vacuum glass while maintaining the surface stress of the tempered vacuum glass constant.

The method for processing tempered vacuum glass provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

1) Making a fulcrum: printing a lead-free and cadmium-free high-temperature resistant glass glaze uniformly on the surface of the over-tempered glass by a screen printing method to form a fulcrum having a design height and an area;

2) Over-tempering treatment of flat glass: The flat glass made of tempered vacuum glass is sent to a continuous tempering furnace for tempering treatment to form tempered glass;

3) compounding: combining a piece of unprinted fulfilment of tempered glass on a printed fulcrum side of a piece of tempered glass printed with fulcrum; wherein, one of the two pieces of mutually reinforced tempered glass is provided with a venting hole;

4) sealing: injecting lead-free low-melting glass powder around the gap between the two pieces of mutually bonded tempered glass, and then feeding it into a sealing furnace for low-temperature heating to melt the lead-free low-melting glass powder to seal the a gap between two sheets of mutually tempered glass; at the same time, during the low-temperature heating, the over-tempered glass becomes tempered glass;

5) Vacuuming: The gap between the two sealed tempered glass is baked and evacuated by a vacuuming device to form a tempered vacuum glass, and then the air vent holes on the tempered vacuum glass are sealed.

The beneficial effects of the invention are:

1. Reduce the self-explosion probability of tempered vacuum glass and ensure the surface stress intensity of tempered vacuum glass.

2. The glass fulcrum is processed by screen printing to improve production efficiency and automation level. It can be used for large-scale production, and the thickness of the vacuum layer is also easy to adjust.

3. The application of lead-free glass powder, the product is environmentally friendly and non-toxic, and its low melting point guarantees low energy consumption and high efficiency of production.

4. The application of evapotranspiration getter effectively improves the life of the product and the transparency of the glass. In order to achieve the above and related ends, the one or more aspects of the invention are described in the following detailed description. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail However, these aspects are indicative of only some of the various ways in which the principles of the invention may be employed. Moreover, the present invention is intended to include all of these aspects and their DRAWINGS

Other objects and results of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the appended claims. In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a processing flow of a tempered vacuum glass according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a tempered vacuum glass according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 4 .

The reference numerals include: edge seal 1, fulcrum 2, cavity 3, flat glass 4, suction hole 5, evapotranspiration getter 6, flat glass 7, sealing hole 8.

The same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the detailed description

In the following description, for the purposes of illustration However, it is apparent that these embodiments may be practiced without these specific details.

It should be noted that after the flat glass is tempered or over-tempered, it becomes tempered glass or over-tempered glass. In essence, flat glass, tempered glass and over-tempered are the names of the same glass in different treatment processes. Therefore, for the convenience of expression. In the following description of the invention, the tempered glass is collectively referred to as a tempered or over-tempered glass, and the reference numerals of the flat glass and the tempered glass are the same.

Fig. 1 shows a processing flow of a tempered vacuum glass according to the present invention, and Figs. 2 to 5 respectively show the structure of a tempered vacuum glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the processing method of the tempered vacuum glass provided by the present invention comprises the following process steps:

S110: Making a fulcrum.

The support points are printed or dispensed on the surface of the flat glass 7 and the surface of the support points is cured. Specifically, the lead-free and cadmium-free high temperature resistant glass glaze can be uniformly dispersed and printed in a tempered manner by a screen printing method. The glass surface forms a support point with a design height and area.

In the process of making the support point, the support point 2 is formed on at least one surface of the flat glass, and the lead-free and cadmium-free high temperature resistant glass glaze is uniformly dispersed and printed on the upper surface of the flat glass 7 by screen printing to form a support. Point 2.

Among them, the high temperature resistant glass glaze can withstand temperatures above 580 ° C, close to the color of the glass body, and has a good light transmission effect.

The existing support points usually adopt metal supports, have high thermal conductivity, and have obvious visual effects and are easy to move. The invention adopts ceramics, glass, ink or other inorganic non-metal materials, and has low thermal conductivity. Other coating methods such as glue dispensing, dispensing or printing are directly bonded to the glass and do not move. The inorganic non-metallic materials are transparent or translucent, and the visual effect is good.

Support point 2 After printing, the printed support points need to be cured. Specifically, the flat glass 7 forming the support point 2 is naturally dried or sent to a drying oven for drying to form a support point 2 having a design height and area. Usually, it is naturally dried for more than 1 hour, and dried in a 120 °C oven for about 15 minutes, and the support point 2 can be fixed on the flat glass 7.

S120: The flat glass is over-tempered.

The flat glass 7 on which the tempered vacuum glass is produced is sent to a continuous tempering furnace for tempering treatment to form tempered glass.

The specific tempering process is as follows:

a, start the heating phase

The flat glass 7 is heated into the tempering furnace from room temperature. Since the glass is a poor conductor of heat, the inner layer temperature is low, the outer layer temperature is high, the outer layer begins to swell, and the inner layer is not expanded, so the expansion of the outer layer is received at this time. The suppression surface of the layer produces temporary compressive stress, and the center layer is tensile stress. Due to the high compression resistance of the glass, the glass does not break even though it is heated rapidly.

However, it should be noted that the flat glass 7 is fed into the furnace. Because of the temperature difference between the inner and outer layers of the flat glass 7, the inner and outer layers of the glass are stressed. Therefore, the thick glass should be heated slowly and the temperature is lower. Otherwise, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside is too large. The flat glass 7 is caused to rupture in the tempering furnace.

b, continue to heat stage

The flat glass 7 continues to be heated, and the temperature difference between the inner and outer layers of the flat glass 7 continues to shrink, and when the inner and outer layers reach the tempering temperature, the heating is stopped.

It should be noted that the heating time of the heating stage of the flat glass 7 is controlled within 150s~250s, steel The temperature is controlled within the range of 690 ° C ~ 720 ° C.

c, start the air cooling stage

The flat glass 7 is blown into the wind grid by the tempering furnace. The surface layer temperature drops below the center temperature, the surface begins to shrink, and the center layer does not shrink. Therefore, the shrinkage of the surface layer is suppressed by the center layer, and the surface layer is temporarily tensilely stressed. The layer forms a compressive stress.

d, continue the quenching phase

The inner and outer layers of the flat glass 7 are further quenched, the surface layer of the flat glass 7 is hardened (the temperature is lowered to below 500 ° C), the shrinkage is stopped, and the inner layer begins to cool and shrink, and the hardened surface layer suppresses the shrinkage of the inner layer. As a result, compressive stress is generated in the surface layer and tensile stress is formed in the inner layer.

e. Continue to quench the temperature of the inner and outer layers of the flat glass 7. The inner layer temperature is reduced to about 500 °C at this time, and the shrinkage is accelerated. At this stage, the compressive stress of the outer layer and the tensile stress of the inner layer are basically formed, but The center layer is still relatively soft and has not completely escaped from the viscous flow state, so it is not the final stress state.

f, over tempered finish

At this stage, the inner and outer layers of the flat glass 7 are completely tempered, the temperature difference between the inner and outer layers is reduced, and the final stress of the flat glass is formed, that is, the outer surface is compressive stress, and the inner layer is tensile stress.

Since the subsequent operation requires labor, the flat glass 7 is air-cooled to a temperature above 50 °C for 200 s to 500 s. The room temperature refers to the temperature at which the person can hold the glass for a long time, usually 25 ± 5 °C.

In order to reduce the self-explosion rate of the over-tempered glass, it is necessary to feed the over-tempered glass into a homogenizing furnace for hot dip. Due to the high self-explosion rate of tempered glass, it is especially important to thermally infiltrate tempered glass.

Specifically, the tempered glass 7 having the fulcrum is sent to a homogenizing furnace for heat intrusion treatment, and the homogenizing furnace is heated by convection, so that the hot air flow is parallel to the surface of the tempered glass 7, and should not be affected by the fracture of the tempered glass. Obstruction, wherein the hot dip process includes three stages of heating, holding and cooling.

The warming phase starts at the ambient temperature at which the tempered glass 7 is located, and ends at the time when the surface temperature of the tempered glass 7 reaches 280 °C. The temperature in the furnace may exceed 300 °C, and keep the temperature of the glass surface below 320 °C. The glass surface temperature should be shortened as much as 300 °C.

The heat preservation phase starts at a time when the surface temperature of the tempered glass 7 reaches 280 ° C, and the holding time is at least hour. During the entire incubation period, ensure that the temperature of the glass surface is maintained within the range of 290 ° C ± 10 ° C. After the insulation phase is completed, it begins to enter the cooling phase. During this cooling phase, the temperature of the tempered glass 7 drops to ambient temperature. When the furnace temperature drops to 70 ° C, the cooling phase is considered to be terminated. During the cooling process, the cooling rate should be controlled to minimize the damage caused by the thermal stress of the glass.

Generally, the surface stress of the tempered glass which has not been subjected to hot dip treatment is more than 90 MPa, and the surface stress of the tempered glass after the hot dip treatment is significantly lower than 90 MPa, and in the present invention, since tempering is employed in the tempering process The surface stress of the formed tempered glass is 110 MPa~130 MPa. Therefore, after the hot immersion treatment of the tempered glass of the present invention, even if the surface stress is slightly lowered, the relevant tempering parameters are slightly higher than ordinary tempering. Glass, able to meet the need for reheating during subsequent sealing processes.

S130: Compound.

After the fulcrum is completed, a piece of tempered glass with no printed fulcrum is bonded to a printed fulcrum side of a tempered glass printed with fulcrum; wherein, one of the two pieces of tempered glass combined with each other is provided with a vent hole , in order to vacuum the sealed space after sealing.

Specifically, as an example, a piece of tempered glass 4 drilled with the suction holes 5 is placed on the side of the prepared tempered glass 7 which forms the fulcrum 2.

In order to improve the transparency and vacuum performance of the tempered vacuum glass, in one embodiment of the present invention, at least one sheet of the vaporized getter 6 is also built in the corners of the two sheets of tempered glass. The evapotranspiration getter is a bismuth aluminum getter that not only has good suction performance, but also improves the transparency of the glass.

S140: Sealed.

Pour the lead-free low-melting glass powder around the gap between the two combined tempered glass, and then send it to the edge-sealing furnace for low-temperature heating to melt the lead-free low-melting glass powder to seal the two pieces of the combined tempered glass. The gap between them.

Specifically, as an example, the lead-free low-melting glass frit is filled around the gap between the composite two sheets of tempered glass and the periphery of the suction hole 5, and then sent to the edge sealing furnace for sealing 1 and sealing 8 . Among them, the heating temperature is 355~380 °C; the sealing time: about 2 hours in a continuous furnace and about 24 hours in a single furnace.

The tempered glass 4 drilled with the venting holes is also produced by the above method. If the properties of the two tempered glass are different, the venting holes 5 are usually set on a tempered glass of a lower price, and the venting holes in the tempered glass 4 are used. Insert a glass tube for evacuation (not shown).

Among them, the main component of lead-free low-melting glass powder is arsenic oxide, which accounts for about 80%, followed by oxidation. Zinc is about 10%, boron oxide is 5%, alumina is 3%, magnesium oxide is 2%, etc. (weight ratio), and the auxiliary agent is manganese and/or cobalt (0.1 to 1% by weight), which is produced by a conventional process. Expansion coefficient of the glass frit is 81 X 10- ^7, the minimum melting temperature of 353 ° C.

At the same time, during the low-temperature heating, the surface stress of the over-tempered glass is lowered due to reheating, and the tempered glass becomes tempered glass.

S150: Vacuuming.

The gap between the two sealed tempered glass is baked and evacuated by a vacuuming device to form a tempered vacuum glass, and the vent hole on the tempered vacuum glass is sealed.

Specifically, the cavity 3 of the tempered glass which is sintered together in the edge sealing furnace is baked and evacuated by means of a vacuuming device, and then the suction holes 5 on the tempered glass 4 are sealed by a planar sealing process. The suction hole 5 sealing surface is lower than the outer plane of the flat glass 4.

The existing glass tube seal is similar to the small tail exposed by the enamel bottle. In order to facilitate the melting of the glass tube and the sintering of the flat glass, basically the glass tube is about 1 cm higher than the surface of the flat glass, and the metal is prevented from colliding after completion. Protective cap.

The invention adopts the following flat sealing method:

In the position of the surface of the tempered glass 4 near the corner, an air vent 5 is drilled inwardly, and the air vent 5 is composed of a small hole and a large hole, and the small hole is drilled first, and the diameter thereof is the same as the diameter of the glass tube. Drill a large hole on the foundation of the small hole. The diameter of the large hole should be slightly larger than the diameter of the small hole. Do not drill the tempered glass 4, occupy about 2/3 of the thickness of the tempered glass 4, and then bury the glass tube in the small hole. The end is in the large hole, and the upper end surface (sealing hole 8) (see FIG. 3) after the air vent 5 is sealed is lower than the upper surface of the tempered glass 4.

Melting of the end of the glass tube is a conventional technique and will not be described in detail herein.

The existing glass tube sealing method adopts infrared lamp focusing glass tube sealing, which is characterized in that the sealed glass tube protrudes from the glass surface and needs to be protected by a protective cap, which is easy to damage when the glass is installed or transported, and the protective cap is protected. The visual effect is obvious. The flat sealing method adopted in this patent adopts a circular square or other shape glass piece or a metal piece. The glass surface has no protrusions after sealing in a special manner, and the visual effect is good; the side sealing method can also be adopted, and the side sealing method is to take the air suction pipe. As for the edge of the glass, it is hidden in the window frame when the glass is installed, which is good for protecting the suction pipe, and the visual effect is good.

From the expressions of the above examples, it can be seen that the two sheets of flat glass 4 and 7 constituting the vacuum in the present invention are first subjected to a single sheet over-tempering treatment. In the past, the melting point of the glass powder used for sealing was higher than 450 ° C. If the vacuum glass was directly tempered, the tempering temperature should be above 600 ° C, which would be sealed. After the glass frit is melted again; if the monolithic glass 4 and 7 are first tempered, the tempering annealing temperature is about 400 ° C. When the glass frit is hot-sealed, it is equal to annealing the tempered glass. The new lead-free glass powder with a low melting point of about 350 ° C solves this dilemma, so that the two tempered glass 4 and 7 continue to maintain the degree of temper after sealing with lead-free low-melting glass frit. A method of processing a tempered vacuum glass according to the present invention is described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various improvements can be made to the processing method of the tempered vacuum glass proposed by the present invention as described above without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the content of the appended claims.

Claims

claims

1. A processing method for tempered vacuum glass, including the following steps:

1) Making the fulcrum: The lead-free and cadmium-free high-temperature glass glaze is evenly dispersed and printed on the surface of the tempered glass using the screen printing method to form a fulcrum with a designed height and area;

2) Over-tempering treatment of flat glass: The flat glass used to make tempered vacuum glass is sent to a continuous tempering furnace for over-tempering treatment to form over-tempered glass;

3) Composite: Combine a piece of tempered glass without printed fulcrums on the printed side of a piece of tempered glass with printed fulcrums;

4) Sealing: Pour lead-free low-melting glass powder around the gap between the two pieces of mutually bonded tempered glass, and then send it to the edge-sealing furnace for low-temperature heating to melt the lead-free low-melting glass powder to seal everything. the gap between the two pieces of over-tempered glass combined with each other; at the same time, during the low-temperature heating process, the over-tempered glass becomes tempered glass;

5) Vacuuming: Use a vacuuming device to bake and evacuate the gap between the two sealed pieces of tempered glass. After forming the tempered vacuum glass, seal the air extraction holes on the tempered vacuum glass.

2. The processing method of tempered vacuum glass according to claim 1, wherein,

In the process of sending the flat glass into the continuous tempering furnace for tempering treatment, the heating time is: 150s~250s;

Heating temperature is: 690°C~720°C;

Air cooling time is: 200s~500s _;

Air cooling temperature is: 50°C~25°C.

3. The processing method of tempered vacuum glass according to claim 1, wherein during the compounding process,

At least one piece of evaporable getter is built into the corners of the two pieces of mutually combined over-tempered glass.

4. The processing method of tempered vacuum glass according to claim 3, wherein the evaporable getter is a barium-aluminum getter.

5. The processing method of tempered vacuum glass according to claim 1, wherein during the vacuuming process,

Use a flat sealing process to seal the air extraction holes on the tempered vacuum glass; and,

The sealing surface of the air extraction hole is lower than the outer plane of the tempered vacuum glass.