WO2015064832A1 - 무선 통신 시스템에서 대규모 mimo를 통한 방송 채널 송신 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 - Google Patents
무선 통신 시스템에서 대규모 mimo를 통한 방송 채널 송신 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/30—Resource management for broadcast services
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0691—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
- H04H20/65—Arrangements characterised by transmission systems for broadcast
- H04H20/71—Wireless systems
- H04H20/72—Wireless systems of terrestrial networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting a broadcast channel through a large-scale MIM0 in a wireless communication system.
- a 3GPP LTE (3rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution (LTE)) communication system will be described in brief.
- E-UMTS Evolved Universal Mobile Telecom® unicat ions System
- UMTS Universal Mobile Telecom® unicat ions System
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- an E-UMTS is an access gateway located at an end of a user equipment (UE) and a base station (eNode B), an eNB, and an network (E-UTRAN) and connected to an external network; AG)
- a base station can transmit multiple data streams simultaneously for broadcast service, multicast service and / or unicast service.
- Sal is set to one of the bandwidth of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20Mhz, etc. to provide downlink or uplink transmission service to multiple terminals. Different cells may be configured to provide different bandwidths.
- the base station controls data transmission and reception for a plurality of terminals.
- the base station transmits downlink scheduling information such as time / frequency domain, encoding, data size, HARQ (Hybr id Automatic Repeat and reQuest) related information, etc. Tells.
- the base station transmits uplink scheduling information to uplink (UL) data for uplink (UL) data and informs the user equipment of time / frequency domain, encoding, data size, HARQ related information, etc.
- the core network may consist of an AG and a network node for user registration of the terminal.
- the AG manages the mobility of the UE in units of a TA Yacking Area including a plurality of cells.
- a base station transmits a broadcast channel through a massive multi-multiple multi output (MIMO) antenna. Selecting broadcast channel dedicated antenna elements among the antenna elements; And the power applied to the broadcast channel only antenna element, and comprising the step of transmitting i on the broadcast channel by performing a pan-forming using the broadcast channel-only antenna element has is larger than the voltage applied to the remaining antenna elements It is done.
- MIMO massive multi-multiple multi output
- the broadcast channel dedicated antenna elements are the entire antenna.
- transmitting the broadcast channel may include transmitting the broadcast channel by performing beamforming in a vertical direction.
- the vertical beamforming is characterized in that the angle of the beam is gradually changed in the vertical direction during a predetermined period.
- the broadcast channel dedicated antenna elements may be grouped on a horizontal axis among the entire antenna elements.
- the transmitting of the broadcast channel may include performing beamforming in left and right directions to transmit the broadcast channel. Characterized in that it comprises a step.
- the bump forming in the left and right directions is characterized in that the angle of the bump is gradually changed in the left and right directions for a predetermined period.
- the broadcast channel dedicated antenna elements are a first broadcast channel dedicated antenna group grouped on a vertical axis among the total antenna elements and a second broadcast channel dedicated antenna grouped on a horizontal axis among the total antenna elements.
- the antenna group for transmitting the broadcast channel is characterized in that the first broadcast channel dedicated antenna group and the second broadcast channel dedicated antenna group is used periodically.
- a wireless communication system includes a wireless communication module including a massive MULT (multiple-input multiple-output) antenna; And a processor that selects broadcast channel dedicated antenna elements among all antenna elements of the large-scale MIM0 antenna, and controls the wireless communication modules to transmit the broadcast channel by performing beamforming using the broadcast channel dedicated antenna elements.
- the processor may control the power applied to the broadcast channel dedicated antenna elements to be greater than the voltage applied to the remaining antenna elements.
- the processor may control the wireless communication module to transmit the broadcast channel by performing up-down bump forming. Can be. Or, if the broadcast channel dedicated antenna elements are grouped on the horizontal axis of the total antenna elements, the processor performs a horizontal forming
- the wireless communication modules may be controlled to transmit the broadcast channel.
- the broadcast channel dedicated antenna elements may include a first broadcast channel dedicated antenna group grouped on a vertical axis among the total antenna elements and a second broadcast channel dedicated antenna group grouped on a horizontal axis among the total antenna elements.
- the processor is an antenna group for transmitting the broadcast channel, characterized in that the first broadcast channel dedicated antenna group and the second broadcast channel dedicated antenna group periodically used.
- a broadcast channel can be efficiently transmitted through a large antenna array in a wireless communication system.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an E-UMTS network structure as an example of a wireless communication system.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a general multi-antenna (MIM0) communication system.
- MIM0 multi-antenna
- FIG 3 illustrates an antenna form for massive MIMO.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an antenna tilting method.
- 5 is a diagram comparing an existing antenna system and an active antenna system.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an example of forming a terminal specific beam based on an active antenna system.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an example of an active antenna system applied to a large-scale MIM0 environment.
- FIG 8 illustrates a method of varying a width for a broadcast channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a problem in transmitting a broadcast channel using only a predetermined antenna.
- FIG 10 illustrates antenna selection for broadcast channel transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an example.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a beam pattern for broadcasting channel transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is another diagram illustrating a beam pattern for broadcasting channel transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is another diagram illustrating a beam pattern for broadcasting channel transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is an exemplary diagram of cell coverage extension in large scale MIM0 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present specification describes an embodiment of the present invention using an LTE system and an LTE-A system, but this is an example and the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to any communication system corresponding to the above definition.
- the present specification describes an embodiment of the present invention on the basis of the FDD scheme, but the embodiment of the present invention can be easily modified and applied to the H—FDD scheme or the TDD scheme as an example.
- MIMXMul t ipl e Input Mul t ipl e-Output
- MIM0 may be referred to as a “multi-antenna”.
- the antenna does not rely on a single antenna path to receive one entire message. Instead, the multiplex antenna technology completes the data by merging together data fragments received from multiple antennas. multiple Using antenna technology, it is possible to improve the data rate within a cell area of a specified size or to increase system coverage while guaranteeing a specific data rate. In addition, this technique can be widely used in mobile communication terminals and repeaters. According to the multiple antenna technology, it is possible to overcome the transmission limit in the mobile communication according to the prior art, which used a single antenna.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a general multi-antenna (MIM0) communication system.
- Transmitter had a transmitting antenna is installed dog ⁇ ⁇
- the receiving end has a receiving antenna installed dog N R.
- the theoretical channel transmission capacity is increased than when the plurality of antennas are used at either the transmitting end or the receiving end.
- the increase in channel transmission capacity is proportional to the number of antennas. Therefore, the transmission rate is improved and the frequency efficiency is improved.
- the maximum transmission rate when one antenna is used is R.
- the transmission rate when using multiple antennas is theoretically the maximum transmission as shown in Equation 1 below.
- the rate Ro may be increased by the product of the growth rate Ri, where Ri eu is smaller of ⁇ and N ⁇ R.
- a transmission rate four times higher than a single antenna system may be theoretically obtained. Since the theoretical capacity increase of such a multi-antenna system was proved in the mid 90s, various techniques for substantially improving the data rate have been actively studied to date, and some of these techniques have already been developed for 3G mobile communication and next generation WLAN. It is reflected in various wireless communication standards.
- the mathematical modeling may be expressed as follows. As shown in FIG. 2, it is assumed that there are N ⁇ transmit antennas and N R receive antennas. First, referring to the transmission signal, when there are N ⁇ transmit antennas, the maximum transmittable information is ⁇ ⁇ , and thus the transmission information may be represented by a vector shown in Equation 2 below.
- the transmission power can be different.
- the transmission information of which transmission power is adjusted is represented by a vector.
- Equation 4 when is expressed using the diagonal matrix ⁇ of transmission power, it is expressed as Equation 4 below.
- the weight matrix W is applied to the information vector 8 whose transmission power is adjusted.
- the weight matrix plays a role of properly distributing transmission information to each antenna according to a transmission channel situation.
- Equation (5) it can be expressed as Equation (5) below by using the vector.
- ⁇ is the weight between the ⁇ -th transmission antenna and the th information.
- the W weight matrix is also called the 1 ⁇ precoding matrix.
- the physical meaning of the rank of the channel matrix is the maximum number that can transmit different information in a given channel. Therefore, the rank of a channel matrix is defined as the minimum number of independent rows or columns, so the tanks of the matrix are larger than the number of rows or columns. It becomes impossible.
- the tank (rank (H)) of the channel matrix H is limited as shown in Equation 6 below.
- each of the different information sent using the multi-antenna technology will be defined as' stream 'or simply 1 stream'. Like this 'Stream' may be referred to as a layer (L a y er ).
- the number of transport streams can then, of course, not be larger than the tank of the channel, which is the maximum number of different information that can be sent. Therefore, the channel matrix H can be expressed as Equation 7 below.
- a large-scale MIM0 is equipped with more than a hundred antennas in a base station in a form of integrating more antennas in an existing antenna array to obtain a directional radiation pattern and pencil beamforming. Is placed in space, and many small antennas in an array achieve the same performance as a single large antenna. Due to several (eg hundreds of) antenna assemblies, the mechanical problem of a single large antenna can be solved by the electrical problem of feeding a small antenna.
- the antenna type or antenna array structure of a base station / terminal uses a ULACUni form linear array (ULACUni form) scheme. It has been used in the form of enumeration.
- the arrangement is usually made up of the same elements arranged regularly, and a plurality of antennas are required to obtain a directed radiation pattern. It is a structure which arrange
- the determining of the performance of the antenna array is determined by the characteristics and type of operation of the single antenna element forming the antenna array, and the operation of the antenna array according to the resonance frequency, current distribution and radiation pattern of the operation of the single antenna element. Band and characteristics are determined. That is, as shown in Equation 8 below, the characteristic of the antenna array is determined by the characteristic of the element and the number of antenna arrays of the antenna array.
- the electric field of a uniform form (Uni form array) consisting of a plurality of the same element is equal to the electric field of the unit element located at the origin multiplied by the AF (Array Factor) as shown in Equation 9 below.
- the large-scale MIM0 is a structure in which an existing antenna array is integrated, and the electric field formed by the large-scale MIM0 depends on the unit antenna and the number of antennas.
- the radiation pattern of the antenna array is determined by the shape of each antenna element, their direction, the position in space, and the magnitude and phase of the feeding current, and the beam width that is radiated depends on the number of antennas. Steering and breadth are precise. Therefore, the more numerous antennas of the same shape and characteristics are used, the more precise the beamforming becomes. A beam having a very narrow beam width is called a pencil beam. do. Basically, since the large-scale MIM0 has an antenna array structure, it multiplies the phases to transmit a signal based on a specific target.
- a base station / terminal uses an antenna having a ULA structure, and this is a structure using a plurality of antennas having the same characteristics to have the same radiation beam pattern in all mobile communication service bands.
- a base station reduces inter-cell interference by using mechanical tilting or electrical tilting, and provides throughput of UEs in a cell, for example, signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR).
- SINR signal to interference plus noise ratio
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an antenna tilting method.
- FIG. 4 shows an antenna structure to which no antenna tilting is applied
- FIG. 4B shows an antenna structure to which mechanical tilting is applied
- FIG. 4C shows both mechanical tilting and electrical tilting. An antenna structure is shown.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram comparing an existing antenna system and an active antenna system (MS).
- Figure 5 (a) shows an existing antenna system
- Figure 5 (b) shows an active antenna system.
- each of the plurality of antenna modules includes RF modules including a power amplifier, that is, active elements, unlike the conventional antenna system, and thus power and phase of each of the antenna modules.
- RF modules including a power amplifier, that is, active elements, unlike the conventional antenna system, and thus power and phase of each of the antenna modules.
- the MIM0 antenna structure which is generally considered, considers linear, that is, one-dimensional array antennas, such as ULA universal arrays.
- a beam that can be generated by beamforming exists in a two-dimensional plane.
- PAS Passive Antenna System
- the vertical antennas are tied to one RF model so that beamforming in the vertical direction is impossible, and only the above-described mechanical tilting is applicable.
- beams that can be generated may be expressed in three-dimensional space in the vertical and horizontal directions, and thus may be referred to as three-dimensional bump forming.
- 3D beamforming has been made possible by evolving from a 1D array antenna structure to a planar 2D array antenna structure.
- the three-dimensional beamforming is not only possible when the antenna array is in a planar shape, but the three-dimensional beamforming may be performed even in a ring-shaped three-dimensional array structure.
- the characteristic of 3D beamforming is that MIM0 process is performed in 3D space due to various antenna arrangements rather than the existing 1D array antenna structure.
- FIG. 6 is a terminal based on an active antenna system .
- the example which formed the specific beam is shown. Referring to FIG. 6, it can be seen that the three-dimensional beamforming enables not only the case where the terminal moves to the left and right sides of the base station but also the case where the terminal moves forward and backward.
- a transmission environment using an antenna structure of an active antenna-based two-dimensional array not only an environment of transmitting from an outdoor base station to an outdoor terminal, but also an environment of an outdoor base station transmitting to an indoor terminal (021, Outdoor to Indoor) And indoor hot spots transmitted by the indoor base station to the indoor terminal.
- a transmission environment using an active antenna based 2D antenna array may have different channel characteristics from those of a conventional wireless channel environment, for example, a change in shadow / path loss due to a height difference and fading. It is necessary to reflect characteristic changes.
- a transmission using a precise beam such as pencil beamforming
- a case where 3D bump forming is useful or not useful may occur depending on the position of the terminal.
- the beam is precise, such as pencil bump forming, the coverage of the base station is physically narrowed, and a large shadow area may occur.
- the terminal becomes more complicated in estimating information on channel characteristics, the channel link complexity increases between the terminal and the base station, and the calculation complexity of the terminal increases.
- the array size is increased by a large MIM0 for precise beam steering, not only the computational complexity of the terminal but also the feedback information amount and the implementation complexity increase rapidly, and the shadow area of the base station increases.
- the number of antenna ports selected for receiving the broadcast channel is limited, power loss occurs in the active antenna system, the beam gain attenuation due to the small number of antennas, the cell coverage is attenuated, and the broadcast channel reaches the cell boundary region. You won't be able to.
- the present invention provides an antenna selected by increasing the output range of the PAM dynamic range of the RF modules connected to the antenna port selected for transmitting the broadcast channel, than the RF modules used in other antenna ports.
- a base station can perform 3D beamforming, which is more precise in proportion to the increase in the number of antennas. It is a structure.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an active antenna system applied to a large-scale ⁇ 0 environment.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an operation indicating that the base station enables 3D beamforming as an active antenna system is introduced in a large-scale ⁇ 0 environment.
- elevation bump forming / horizontal beam forming can also be achieved.
- the base station can minimize the inter-cell interference through the transmission range control within the cell. This allows the beam to tilt in the vertical direction, resulting in a cell-to-cell interface
- ICK lnter Cel l Interference, Intra Cel l Interference can be overcome.
- by splitting the beam width of the beamforming 2 It is possible to effectively form a link and transmit / receive data in a situation where the base station / terminal is not secured, for example, LOSCLine Of Sight, and a precise 3D beam can be obtained. It can overcome the shadow area that occurs while using and extend the 3D beam coverage.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a method of varying beam width for a broadcast channel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 specifically turns on the power applied to the antenna port to adjust the width using an active antenna system. By turning on / off, the beam width of the radiation pattern formed by the base station antenna is adjusted. That is, the beam width is varied by artificially attenuating the number of antennas used by using the characteristics of the active antenna system.
- an active antenna system is used to control a 3D beam in a large-scale MIM0 environment, and the number of antennas is selectively controlled by controlling power application, thereby controlling the shape of the radiation beam formed in the base station. Adjust but. Since the number of antennas actually operated decreases, antenna gain is reduced and beam coverage is changed.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a problem in transmitting a broadcast channel using only a predetermined antenna.
- the beam gain is attenuated to decrease the beam coverage, thereby increasing the shaded area where a signal cannot be received at the cell boundary.
- the RF structure of an active antenna system connected to each antenna port is the same structure, and the dynamic range is limited because the PAM of the RF modules is composed of the same element. Therefore, the power output from the antenna is reduced, the power received at the receiving end is lowered, so that the shaded area Will increase. Theoretically approach this through equation (10).
- EIRP is a concept of an effective output of a wireless device, and represents an effective transmission output in consideration of the effect of antenna gain.
- Pt means the transmitter output power output from the antenna
- Ga is the antenna gain. If the antenna gain is assumed to be constant, the power output from the transmitting end is proportional to the number of antennas.
- the size of Pt is determined by the dynamic range of the amplifier.
- the EIRP has a value of 10 dB smaller since it has 10 times less Pt than the total Pt of the large MIM0. If cell coverage is attenuated using Equation 10 above, attenuation of approximately 10 times sal coverage may be calculated. This means that the transmit power produced at the actual antenna is attenuated, and that the transmit power is attenuated and not enough power is delivered at the seal boundary.
- 3D panforming is the most optimized structure for the L0S environment.
- the beam's Hal f-Power Beamwidth HPBW
- HPBW Hal f-Power Beamwidth
- a base station uses an active antenna system structure having the same PAM as shown in FIG. 9 to transmit a broadcast channel, a general pattern for transmitting broadcast channel information is formed, but cell coverage is reduced and output power is reduced.
- the attenuated terminal at the cell boundary may fall into a null state or may not have an environment for communicating with a base station.
- the base station proposes to use a PAM having a different dynamic range for each predetermined antenna in order to extend the coverage of a broad beam formed from a 3D beam.
- the power applied to all antenna ports uses a PAM having the same dynamic range at each antenna port, and in the dynamic range where the linearity of the PAM is secured.
- the 3D beam formed in the antenna is maintained to form a fine beam width.
- output power is attenuated by only operating the antenna selected for transmission of a broadcast channel using an active antenna system, and thus cell coverage is attenuated.
- the present invention in a large MIM0 environment, increases the dynamic range of the PAM applied to a specific antenna port used to transmit a wideband channel such as a broadcast channel to secure sufficient beam gain and to extend the sal coverage of the broadcast channel. It is to let.
- antennas are grouped to transmit broadcast channels in the antenna array, and may be used to transmit other ungrouped control channels and traffic channels when transmitting broadcast channels. This will be described in more detail.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a beam pattern for broadcasting channel transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a case where antenna selection is made according to FIG. 10A.
- broadcasting is performed using four antenna ports vertically grouped.
- the channel is transmitted, and the shape of the antenna beam is spread out in a horizontal form by vertical interaction between the transmitted antennas.
- the coverage of the entire broadcast channel can be extended by performing beamforming in the vertical direction through antenna phase control of the active antenna system. That is, the beamforming for the broadcast channel may be formed in the entire coverage by performing beamforming in the vertical direction by changing the phase in stages.
- FIG. 12 is another diagram illustrating a beam pattern for broadcasting channel transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 illustrates a case in which antenna selection is performed according to FIG. 10B.
- a broadcast channel is transmitted using four antenna ports horizontally grouped, and the antenna beam is spread in a vertically spread form through left and right interactions between the transmitted antennas.
- the coverage of the entire broadcast channel can be extended by performing beamforming in the left and right directions through antenna phase control of the active antenna system. That is, the beamforming for the broadcast channel may be formed in the entire coverage by performing beamforming in the left and right directions by changing the phase in stages.
- FIG. 13 is another diagram illustrating a beam pattern for broadcasting channel transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a case where antenna selection is made according to FIG. 10C.
- the beam shape has a sphere shape similar to that of one antenna. In this case, it transmits without phase control separately.
- the coverage extension for the broadcast channel may be smaller than in the case of FIGS. 11 and 12.
- the outermost antenna may be selected to use the ID ULA antenna structures as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 or to minimize the interaction between the antennas as shown in FIG.
- the base station can extend the coverage of the broadcast channel, in particular, the antenna in three cases If the selection technique is applied periodically, it is possible to minimize the unreachable shadow area of the broadcast channel in the cell.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 when a broadcast channel is transmitted every 10 ms, 40 ms of time is required for all terminals of one sector to receive the broadcast channel through elevation bumping and horizontal bump forming. May be required.
- the antenna selection of FIG. 11 is applied to the first 40 ms and the antenna selection of FIG. 12 is applied to the second 40 ms. Can be.
- a shaded area as shown in FIG. 9 may occur.
- the 3D beamforming environment if accurate beamforming is not performed, it is difficult to form a communication link between the base station and the terminal, so that the amount of information fed back to the base station by the terminal and the amount of computation that calculates the same may increase.
- the terminal if the beam does not reach the terminal because the 3D range (ca l i brat ion) is not made correctly, the terminal may be in a null (nul l) state.
- an antenna selected for transmitting a broadcast channel corresponds to 1/4 of the total number of antennas. Since the transmit power is attenuated four times, it is necessary to use a PAM with a four times larger dynamic range to obtain power of the same magnitude as that of the entire antenna in the selected antenna.
- FIG. 14 is an exemplary diagram of cell coverage extension in large scale MIM0 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 illustrates an example of coverage extension using a PAM having a larger dynamic range than the PAM shown in FIG. 7 in the grouped antenna ports.
- FIG. 15 illustrates a block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the communication device 1500 includes a processor 1510, a memory 1520, an RF modules 1530, a display modules 1540, and a user interface modules 1550.
- the communication device 1500 is shown for convenience of description and some models may be omitted.
- the communication device 1500 may further include the necessary modules.
- some of the hairs in the communication device 1500 can be divided into more granular hairs.
- the processor 1510 is configured to perform an operation according to an embodiment of the present invention illustrated with reference to the drawings. In detail, the detailed operation of the processor 1510 may refer to the contents described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18.
- the memory 1520 is connected to the processor 1510 and stores an operating system, an application, a program code, data, and the like.
- the RF modules 1530 are connected to the processor 1510 and perform a function of converting a baseband signal into a wireless signal or converting a wireless signal into a baseband signal. For this purpose, the RF modules 1530 perform analog conversion, amplification, filtering and frequency up-conversion or their reverse processes.
- Display modules 1540 are connected to the processor 1510 and display various information.
- the display module 1540 can use well-known elements such as, but not limited to, LCDCLiquid Crystal Diplay, Light Emitting Diode (LED), and Organized Light Emitting Diode (0LED).
- the user interface models 1550 are connected to the processor 1510 and can be configured with a combination of well known user interfaces such as a keypad, touch screen, and the like.
- each component or feature is to be considered optional unless stated otherwise.
- Each component or feature may be embodied in a form that is not combined with other components or features. It is also possible to combine some of the components and / or features to form an embodiment of the invention.
- the order of the operations described in the embodiments of the present invention may be changed. Some configurations or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment or may be substituted for components or features of another embodiment. It is obvious that the claims may be combined to form an embodiment by combining claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the claims or as new claims by post-application correction.
- the specific operation described in this document to be performed by a base station may be performed. It can be performed by its upper node. That is, it is apparent that various operations performed for communication with the terminal in a network including a plurality of network nodes including a base station may be performed by the base station or other network nodes other than the base station.
- a base station may be replaced by terms such as a fixed station, a Node B, an eNode B (eNB), an access point, and the like.
- An embodiment according to the present invention may be implemented by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- an embodiment of the present invention may include one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), and FPGAs.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- DSPs digital signal processors
- DSPDs digital signal processing devices
- PLDs programmable logic devices
- FPGAs field-programmable logic devices
- processors controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.
- an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in the form of modules, procedures, functions, etc. that perform the functions or operations described above.
- the software code may be stored in a memory unit and driven by a processor.
- the memory unit may be located inside or outside the processor, and may exchange data with the processor by various known means.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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US15/033,454 US10285160B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-12-17 | Broadcast channel transmitting method through massive MIMO in wireless communication system and apparatus therefor |
KR1020167010043A KR101781885B1 (ko) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-12-17 | 무선 통신 시스템에서 대규모 mimo를 통한 방송 채널 송신 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 |
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US10285160B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 |
US20160255605A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
KR101781885B1 (ko) | 2017-09-26 |
KR20160065124A (ko) | 2016-06-08 |
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