WO2015062030A1 - 一种偶极子天线及无线终端设备 - Google Patents
一种偶极子天线及无线终端设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015062030A1 WO2015062030A1 PCT/CN2013/086335 CN2013086335W WO2015062030A1 WO 2015062030 A1 WO2015062030 A1 WO 2015062030A1 CN 2013086335 W CN2013086335 W CN 2013086335W WO 2015062030 A1 WO2015062030 A1 WO 2015062030A1
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- Prior art keywords
- conductor
- dipole antenna
- radiating arm
- antenna according
- pin
- Prior art date
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 204
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/18—Vertical disposition of the antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
Definitions
- the present invention relates to communication technologies, and in particular, to a dipole antenna and a wireless terminal device having the same.
- the antenna types commonly used in wireless terminal products are ⁇ [multiple types, such as external antennas, built-in bracket antennas, PCB board printed antennas, etc., wherein the performance of the external antenna is superior, but it is expensive, and is not conducive to ID ( Industry Design, Industrial Design) Beautiful; Built-in antennas are good for ID and performance, but the antenna needs to be fixed by brackets, which are usually formed by hot-melting steel sheets on plastic supports. Therefore, the manufacturing cost is higher; for the printed circuit board of the PCB board, not only the ID is beautiful, but also the manufacturing cost is low, but the antenna radiation pattern is susceptible to the current on the PCB board, so the performance is relatively general (below the first two Kind of antenna performance). As can be seen from the above, the currently used antenna form cannot achieve the characteristics of high performance and low cost at the same time. Summary of the invention
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a dipole antenna and a wireless terminal device capable of high performance of the antenna and low manufacturing cost.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a dipole antenna including a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, and a balun, wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are both soldered to the medium.
- the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are electrically connected to the balun respectively, and the balun is electrically connected to the feeding point and the reference ground respectively.
- the balun is disposed on the media board.
- the balun is coupled to the feed point via a microstrip feed conductor, the microstrip feed conductor being opposite the balun Disposed, and distributed on different surfaces of the dielectric plate.
- a root of the first radiating arm is provided with a first pin, and the first pin is soldered on the dielectric board,
- the root of the second radiating arm is provided with a second pin, and the second pin is soldered on the dielectric plate.
- the dielectric board is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, and the first pin protrudes from the first through hole And being fixed to the dielectric plate by soldering; the second pin protrudes from the second through hole and is fixed to the dielectric plate by soldering.
- the root of the first radiating arm and the root of the second radiating arm are respectively Said Barron electrical connection.
- the balun in a sixth possible implementation manner, includes a first conductor and a second conductor, one end of the first conductor and the first radiating arm The root is connected, and the other end is connected to the reference ground; one end of the second conductor is connected to the root and the other end of the second radiating arm and the reference ground.
- the microstrip feed conductor includes a first feed conductor, and the first feed conductor is parallel to the first conductor One end of the first feed conductor is connected to the feed point, and the other end is electrically connected to the second pin.
- the microstrip feed conductor includes a second feed conductor, and one end of the second feed conductor is connected to the first feed One end of the conductor away from the feed point, and the other end of the second feed conductor is connected to the second pin.
- the patterns of the first conductor and the first feed conductor correspond to each other.
- the second feed conductor is located between the first pin and the second pin.
- the balun further includes a third conductor, the first conductor is adjacent to one end of the reference ground A third conductor is connected between an end of the second conductor adjacent to the reference ground, and the third conductor is electrically connected to the reference ground.
- the third conductor is provided with a third pin, and the third pin is soldered on the dielectric plate.
- a sum of lengths of the first conductor, the second conductor, and the third conductor is one quarter of an electromagnetic wavelength
- the electromagnetic wavelength is an electromagnetic wavelength of a resonant frequency required by the dipole antenna.
- the first conductor and the second conductor are disposed independently of each other on the dielectric plate.
- a third pin is disposed on an end of the first conductor and the second conductor that is adjacent to the reference ground, A third pin is soldered to the dielectric board and electrically connected to the reference ground.
- the medium plate is provided with a third through hole, and the third pin protrudes from the third through hole And fixed to the dielectric plate by soldering.
- the length of the first conductor, the second conductor, and a ground end of the first conductor and the second conductor The sum of the distances between the ground terminals is one quarter of the electromagnetic wavelength, which is the electromagnetic wavelength of the resonant frequency required for the dipole antenna.
- the dielectric board is a PCB board.
- the PCB board is provided with a clearance area, and the first radiation arm and the second radiation are disposed on the clearance area.
- the arm and the balun, the feed point and the reference ground are disposed in an area of the PCB board that is outside the clearance area.
- the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the first conductor, and the The second conductor and the third conductor are integrally formed.
- the first conductor, the second conductor, and the third conductor are printed on On the media board.
- the first conductor, the second conductor, and the third conductor have a regular shape Or irregular shape.
- the first radiating arm is integrally formed with the first conductor
- the second The radiation arm is integrally formed with the second conductor
- the first conductor and the second conductor are printed on a dielectric board.
- the first conductor and the second conductor are in a regular shape or an irregular shape.
- the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are in a regular shape or an irregular shape.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a wireless terminal device, including the dipole antenna, the radio frequency circuit, the processing circuit, and the storage circuit in any of the foregoing possible implementation manners, where the dipole antenna connection station a radio frequency circuit, the radio frequency circuit is connected to the processing circuit, Module to perform communication functions or data processing.
- a dipole antenna and a wireless terminal device include a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, and a balun, wherein the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are both soldered on the dielectric plate, such that The first radiating arm and the second radiating arm can be automatically assembled to the medium plate by the machine without forming a hot-melt steel sheet on the plastic bracket, thereby achieving low-cost fabrication; when the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are After being fixed on the dielectric plate, the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are respectively electrically connected to the balun, and the balance between the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm is realized by electrical connection between the balun and the feeding point and the reference ground. Feeding, reducing the current flowing to the reference ground, thereby reducing the influence on the antenna pattern, so that the antenna has higher performance.
- FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a dipole antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view of a dipole antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a front schematic view showing a dipole antenna welded to a dielectric board according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic rear view showing a dipole antenna soldered on a dielectric board according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a front schematic view showing a dipole antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention soldered on a dielectric board;
- FIG. 6 is a schematic rear view of a dipole antenna according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention soldered on a dielectric board;
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a dipole antenna according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of current flow of a dipole antenna according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing return loss of a dipole antenna according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the dipole antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to different wireless terminal devices. As described in the background art, the built-in antenna facilitates the ID design of the terminal device. Based on this, the present invention provides a low cost and high performance. Dipole antenna.
- the dipole antenna may include a first radiating arm 1, a second radiating arm 2, a balun 3, and a first radiating arm 1.
- the second radiating arm 2 is welded to the dielectric plate 4, and the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 are electrically connected to the balun 3, respectively, and the balun 3 is electrically connected to the feeding point and the reference ground, respectively.
- the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 are welded to the dielectric plate 4, the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 can be automatically assembled to the dielectric plate 4 by the machine without passing through the heat fusion.
- the steel sheet is formed on the plastic support to achieve low-cost production; when the first radiation arm 1 and the second radiation arm 2 are fixed to the dielectric plate 4, the first radiation arm 1 and the second radiation arm 2 are respectively associated with the balun 3 electrical connection, through the electrical connection between the balun 3 and the feeding point, the reference ground, to achieve the first
- the balanced feeding of a radiating arm 1 and a second radiating arm 2 reduces the current flowing to the reference ground, thereby reducing the influence on the antenna pattern, so that the antenna has higher performance.
- balun is the balancer balun.
- the English word balun is an acronym for the words “balanced” and “unbalanced”. Where balance represents a differential structure, and unbalance represents a single-ended structure.
- the balun circuit converts between the differential signal and the single-ended signal to ensure current symmetry on the dipole antenna.
- the dielectric board 4 may be a PCB board or an insulating board of other materials.
- the dielectric board 4 also uses different materials according to the resonant frequency required by the dipole antenna.
- the dielectric board 4 mentioned here is preferably a PCB board.
- the surface of the PCB has a copper-clad area 41, those skilled in the art can know that when the antenna is disposed in the copper-clad area, the performance of the antenna is affected, so that the area near the antenna on the PCB board has The copper area 40 is formed to form a clearance area to avoid the influence on the performance of the antenna.
- the first radiating arm 1, the second radiating arm 2, and the balun 3 are provided on the clearance area, and the feeding point and the reference ground are disposed in the area of the PCB outside the clearance area (i.e., the copper-clad area 41).
- the Barron 3 may not be disposed on the PCB.
- the present invention is a preferred embodiment in which the balun 3 is disposed on the PCB. This integrates the balun 3 on the PCB, which saves space inside the terminal device. It is advantageous for miniaturization of the structure of the terminal device.
- dielectric board 4 refers to the PCB board, but it is only a preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, and is not limited thereto.
- the dipole antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below.
- Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
- the dipole antenna includes a first radiating arm 1, a second radiating arm 2, and a balun 3, wherein a first pin 10 may be disposed at a root of the first radiating arm 1,
- the second lead 20 is provided at the root of the two radiating arms 2, and the uncoated copper region 40 of the dielectric plate 4 is provided with a first pad and a second pad, and the first pin 10 is soldered by an automatic assembly method such as wave soldering.
- the second pin 20 is soldered to the second pad (not shown) such that the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 are both fixed to the dielectric plate 4 in a welded manner.
- the pads can be functionally divided into two forms, one is a pad form that can be used for surface mount components, and the other is a pad form that can be used for a plug-in.
- the latter pad form that is, the first pin 10 and the second pin 20 are fixed on the dielectric plate 4 by means of an insert, specifically, the dielectric plate 4 is provided.
- a first through hole (not shown) and a second through hole (not shown) the first pin 10 extends out of the first through hole and is soldered to the dielectric plate 4; the second pin 20 extends A second through hole is formed and soldered to the dielectric plate 4.
- the two are respectively electrically connected to the balun 3, and the balun 3 is electrically connected to the feeding point and the reference ground, respectively.
- the balanced feeding of the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 is realized by the characteristics of the balun 3, and the current flowing to the reference ground is reduced, so that the direction line diagram of the antenna is symmetric or substantially symmetrical, thereby improving the performance of the antenna.
- a cable feeding method can be adopted, but the connection manner of the coaxial cable and the antenna involves manual welding, which makes the comprehensive cost relatively high.
- a microstrip feed conductor 5 is printed on the dielectric plate 4, and the microstrip feed conductor 5 is electrically connected to the feed point of the balun 3.
- the microstrip feed conductor 5 is disposed opposite to the balun 3 and distributed on different surfaces of the dielectric plate 4 (here, for ease of understanding, the surface on which the balun 3 is placed on the dielectric plate 4 is referred to as a front surface, and a microstrip feed is provided.
- the surface of the body is called the back side).
- the balun typically has two feed points, herein, when the root of the first radiating arm 1 and the root of the second radiating arm 2 are directly connected to the ends of the balun 3, respectively.
- the first pin 10 can be formed as one of the feed points of the balun 3, and the second pin 20 forms another feed point of the balun 3. Since the microstrip feed conductor is electrically connected to the balun 3, the feed point of the balun 3 can be formed by the first pin 10 and the second pin 20, so when the first radiating arm 1 and After the second radiating arm 2 is inserted into the dielectric plate 4, the electrical connection with the microstrip feed conductor can be realized, and the cable can be avoided, thereby eliminating the need for manual soldering and further reducing the cost.
- the first conductor 30 and the second conductor may be included. 31.
- the third conductor 32 wherein one end of the first conductor 30 is connected to the root of the first radiating arm 1 (or the first pad on the dielectric board 4), and the other end is close to the reference ground; one end of the second conductor 31 is The root of the second radiating arm 2 is connected (or the second pad on the dielectric plate 4), and the other end is connected close to the reference ground, at one end of the first conductor 30 near the reference ground and one end of the second conductor 31 near the reference ground.
- the third conductor 32 is connected between, and the third conductor 32 is electrically connected to the reference ground.
- the first conductor 30, the second conductor 31 and the third conductor 32 are integrally formed balun structures which, like the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2, are a component mounted on the dielectric plate 4.
- a third pin 320 may be disposed on the third conductor 32, and the third pin 320 is soldered to the dielectric board 4 and simultaneously connected to the reference ground; or with the first radiating arm 1, The two radiating arms 2 are formed into an integrally formed structure.
- a third pin 320 may also be disposed on the third conductor 32. The third pin 320 is soldered to the dielectric plate 4 and simultaneously with the reference ground. connection.
- a third through hole (not shown) is disposed on the dielectric plate 4, The three pins 320 extend out of the third through hole and are soldered to the dielectric plate 4.
- the integrally formed balun structure may be a microstrip line printed on the dielectric plate 4, so that the metal of the balun 3 can be reduced compared to the structure formed by the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 Use materials to further reduce costs and improve product competitiveness.
- the microstrip feed conductor 5 may include a first feed conductor 50 printed on the dielectric plate 4, one end of the first feed conductor 50 and the feed labeled in FIG. The point connection and the other end are electrically connected to the second pin 20 of the second radiating arm 2 to electrically connect the first feed conductor 50 with the second feed point (second pin 20).
- the first feed conductor 50 is parallel to the first conductor 30 such that the first feed conductor 50 and the first conductor 30 are coupled to each other such that the first feed conductor 50 and the first feed point (first pin 10)
- the formation of a coupled electrical connection and the formation of a two-wire feed structure is the formation of a two-wire feed structure.
- the patterns of the first conductor 30 and the first feed conductor 50 correspond to each other and have the same length, that is, the projections of the first conductor 30 and the first feed conductor 50 on the dielectric plate 4 overlap each other, so that the first conductor can be made.
- 30 is coupled to the first feed conductor 50 to produce the first feed conductor 50
- the second conductor 31 generates a current of the same size and direction as the first feed conductor 50, so that the currents of the first pin 10 and the second pin 20 are the same in magnitude and opposite directions.
- a balanced feed to the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 is achieved.
- the total length of the groove of the balun 3 (the current loop of the first pin 10 to the second pin 20) is a dipole.
- the shapes of the first conductor 30, the second conductor 31, and the third conductor 32 may be rectangular or other regular shapes not shown in the drawings, such as a regular bend shape, an arc shape, etc., but may also be The regular shaped shape may be as long as the length of the balun 3 groove formed is one quarter of the electromagnetic wavelength of the resonant frequency required for the dipole antenna.
- the microstrip feed conductor may further include a second feed conductor 51 printed on the dielectric plate 4, as shown in FIG. 4, the second feed conductor 51-end and the first feed conductor 50 are adjacent to the first lead One end of the leg 10 is connected, and the other end of the second feed conductor 51 is connected to the second pin 20 extending from the surface of the dielectric plate 4 (or may also be connected to the second pad on the dielectric plate 4) to realize the microstrip.
- the electrical connection of the feed conductor to the second pin 20 may be made to the second pin 20 extending from the surface of the dielectric plate 4 (or may also be connected to the second pad on the dielectric plate 4) to realize the microstrip.
- the second feed conductor 51 is disposed between the first pin 10 and the second pin 20 herein.
- the pattern of the second feed conductor 51 is not limited to the linear shape shown in the drawing, and may be a regular or irregular pattern such as a bent shape or an arc shape, as long as it does not cause a coupling effect with the second conductor 31. can.
- first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 may be mutually symmetrical structures as shown in the drawing, and the shapes are regular bent shapes or other regular shapes or irregular shapes not shown in the drawings.
- first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 may not be mutually symmetrical structures, and the shape may be a regular shape or an irregular shape as long as the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 can be debugged to the same. The required resonant frequency is sufficient. It should be noted that after the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 are welded on the dielectric plate 4, a part of each radiating arm will fall on the front surface of the dielectric plate 4, and the remaining portion protrudes from the edge of the dielectric plate 4.
- the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 are away from the copper-clad area of the dielectric plate 4, thereby reducing the influence on the antenna performance, and on the other hand, the antenna can be made.
- the smaller area of the dielectric plate 4 is occupied, so that the dielectric plate 4 can be miniaturized, and the terminal device structure can be miniaturized.
- each of the radiating arms extending from the dielectric plate 4 may be substantially at the same level as the front surface of the dielectric plate 4, or may be bent at an angle to the front surface of the dielectric plate 4.
- the angle of 90° may be preferred in the present invention. In this way, not only can the antenna occupy a small area of the dielectric board 4, but also the space between the front surface of the dielectric board 4 and the housing of the terminal device can be effectively utilized, so that the structure of the terminal device is more compact.
- the balun 3 includes the first conductor 60, a second conductor 61, wherein one end of the first conductor 60 is connected to the root of the first radiating arm 1 (or the first pad on the dielectric plate 4), and the other end is directly connected to the reference ground labeled in FIG. 5; the second conductor One end of the 61 is connected to the root of the second radiating arm 2 (or the second pad on the dielectric plate 4), and the other end is directly connected to the reference ground.
- the first conductor 60 and the second conductor 61 may each be a component mounted on the dielectric plate 4.
- a third pin may be disposed at one end of the first conductor 60 and the second conductor 61 near the reference ground. (not shown), the third pin is soldered to the dielectric plate 4 and simultaneously connected to the reference ground; or the first conductor 60 is integrated with the first radiating arm 1, the second conductor 61 and the second radiating arm 2, respectively.
- the molded structure is also provided with a third pin at one end of the first conductor 60 and the second conductor 61 near the reference ground, and the third pin is soldered to the dielectric plate 4 and simultaneously connected to the reference ground.
- the first conductor 60 and the second conductor 61 of this embodiment may also be microstrip lines printed on the dielectric board 4, as shown in FIG. 6, without the need to provide a third pin, thus compared to the first conductor 60 and the Second guide
- the body 61 forms an integral structure with the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2, respectively, which can reduce the metal material of the balun 3, further reduce the cost and improve the competitiveness of the product.
- the total length of the trenches of the balun 3 (the current loop of the first pin 10 to the second pin 20) is equal to or substantially equal to the length of the first conductor 60, the second conductor 61, and the first conductor.
- the sum of the distances between the grounding end of 60 and the grounding end of the second conductor 61 can be further reduced when the total length of the groove of the balun 3 is one quarter of the electromagnetic wavelength of the resonant frequency required for the dipole antenna
- the current flowing to the reference ground in the dielectric plate 4 eliminates the influence of the reference ground on the antenna pattern and improves the performance of the antenna.
- the shape of the first conductor 60 and the second conductor 61 may be a rectangular shape as shown in the figure or a regular shape not shown in the drawing, such as a regular bent shape, an arc shape, or the like, but may also be an irregular shaped shape as long as it is formed.
- the balun 3 trench length can satisfy one quarter of the electromagnetic wavelength of the resonant frequency required for the dipole antenna.
- the dipole antenna of the present invention can cover all frequency bands by reasonable size design, wherein each size antenna corresponds to cover different frequency bands, and this embodiment covers 2.4 GHz (megahertz) to 2.5 GHz (megahertz).
- the dipole antenna of the frequency band is taken as an example for illustration.
- the dimensions of the dipole antenna are shown in Figure 7.
- the feeding method is:
- the first conductor 30 on the front side of the dielectric plate 4 and the first feed conductor 50 on the back side of the dielectric plate 4 are coupled to form a two-wire feed structure, in the placed state shown in FIG.
- the first conductor 30 is coupled with the first feed conductor 50 to produce a vertical upward (as indicated by the upwardly pointing arrow in Figure 8).
- the current is the same as or nearly the same as the current of the first feed conductor 50.
- the direction of the current of the first pin 10 is in a direction perpendicular to the plane shown in FIG.
- the current of the feed conductor 50 is fed from the second lead 20 into the second conductor 31, and the second conductor 31 produces a current that is vertically downward (as indicated by the arrow in the vertical direction shown in Fig. 8).
- the direction of the current of the two pins 20 is in a direction perpendicular to the plane shown in Fig. 8 and facing outward.
- the current of the second pin 20 (second feed point) is the same as the opposite direction, and the balanced feeding of the first radiating arm 1 and the second radiating arm 2 is realized.
- Table 1 shows the actual test efficiency of the dipole antenna in this embodiment. It can be seen from the test data in Table 1 that the efficiency of the dipole antenna is relatively high.
- antennas of different sizes generally cover different frequency bands, and this embodiment is only an example of an antenna of one of the sizes, when the antenna has other dimensions different from those provided in the embodiment. , the antenna coverage is different from 2.4 GHz (megahertz) to 2.5 GHz
- This embodiment also provides a wireless terminal device comprising any of the above forms of dipole antennas. Since the dipole antenna has been described in detail above, it will not be described here.
- the above wireless terminal device can be a mobile phone, a tablet, a gateway, a router, a set top box,
- PDA Personal Digital Assistant
- POS Point of Sales, sales terminal
- car computer etc.
- the wireless terminal device is used as an example for the mobile phone, and the mobile phone includes a storage circuit, a processing circuit, a radio frequency (RF) circuit, and a dipole antenna.
- the dipole antenna includes the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, and the balun.
- the electromagnetic signal When the mobile phone receives the electromagnetic signal, the electromagnetic signal is converted into a current signal through the radiation arm, and the current signal is fed from the radiation arm through the balun to the microstrip feed conductor, and the current signal input from the microstrip feed conductor flows into the radio frequency circuit.
- the RF circuit then flows into the processing circuit, which executes the communication standard or protocol by running software programs and modules stored in the storage circuit.
- the above-mentioned execution communication standard or protocol is, for example, GSM (Global System of Mobile Communication), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), and CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access). Address), WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), LTE, E-mail, SMS (Short Messaging Service, Short Message Service), etc.
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种偶极子天线及无线终端设备,涉及通信技术,为能够使天线的性能较高且制作成本较低而发明。所述一种偶极子天线包括第一辐射臂、第二辐射臂、巴伦,所述第一辐射臂和所述第二辐射臂均焊接所述在介质板上,且所述第一辐射臂和所述第二辐射臂分别与所述巴伦电连接,所述巴伦与馈电点、参考地分别电连接。本发明主要用于终端设备中。
Description
一种偶极子天线及无线终端设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术, 尤其涉及一种偶极子天线及具有该偶极子天线 的无线终端设备。
背景技术
随着无线终端产品 (如手机、 电脑、 平板电脑、 网关、 路由器、 机顶 盒等) 的迅速发展, 各厂家之间的竟争越来越激烈, 为了更加顺应市场的 需求, 终端产品需要保持高端稳定的性能, 同时保持低成本, 从而可以提 高产品的综合竟争力。
目前无线终端产品常用的天线形式有 ^[艮多种, 例如外置天线, 内置式 支架天线, PCB板印制天线等, 其中外置天线的性能优越, 但其价格昂贵, 且不利于 ID ( Industry Design, 工业设计 ) 美观; 内置式天线有利于 ID美 观, 且性能也较为优越, 但是这种天线需要额外通过支架来固定, 而支架 天线一般是通过在塑料支架上热熔钢片而形成的, 这样制作成本较高; 对 于 PCB板印制天线, 不但有利于 ID美观, 而且制作成本较低, 但是其天 线辐射方向图易受 PCB板上的电流影响, 因此性能较为一般(低于前两种 天线的性能)。 从上所述可以看出, 目前常用的天线形式无法做到同时具有 高性能、 低成本的特点。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供了一种偶极子天线及无线终端设备, 能够使天线 的性能较高且制作成本较低。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的实施例釆用如下技术方案:
第一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种偶极子天线, 包括第一辐射臂、 第二辐射臂、 巴伦, 所述第一辐射臂和所述第二辐射臂均焊接在所述介质
板上, 且所述第一辐射臂和所述第二辐射臂分别与所述巴伦电连接, 所述 巴伦与馈电点、 参考地分别电连接。
结合第一方面可能实现的方式, 在第一种可能实现的方式中, 所述巴 伦设置在所述介质板上。
结合第一种可能实现的方式, 在第二种可能实现的方式中, 所述巴伦 通过微带馈电导体与所述馈电点连接, 所述微带馈电导体与所述巴伦相对 设置、 且分布在所述介质板的不同表面上。
结合第二种可能实现的方式, 在第三种可能实现的方式中, 所述第一 辐射臂的根部设有第一引脚, 所述第一引脚焊接在所述介质板上, 所述第 二辐射臂的根部设有第二引脚, 所述第二引脚焊接在所述介质板上。
结合第三种可能实现的方式, 在第四种可能实现的方式中, 所述介质 板上设有第一通孔和第二通孔, 所述第一引脚伸出所述第一通孔, 并通过 焊接固定在所述介质板上; 所述第二引脚伸出所述第二通孔, 并通过焊接 固定在所述介质板上。
结合第一方面、 或第一种至第四种任一可能实现的方式, 在第五种可 能实现的方式中, 所述第一辐射臂的根部和所述第二辐射臂的根部分别与 所述巴伦电连接。
结合第三种或第四种可能实现的方式, 在第六种可能实现的方式中, 所述巴伦包括第一导体和第二导体, 所述第一导体的一端与所述第一辐射 臂的根部连接、 另一端与所述参考地连接; 所述第二导体的一端与所述第 二辐射臂的根部、 另一端与所述参考地连接。
结合第六种可能实现的方式, 在第七种可能实现的方式中, 所述微带 馈电导体包括第一馈电导体, 所述第一馈电导体与所述第一导体平行相对, 所述第一馈电导体的一端与所述馈电点连接、 另一端与所述第二引脚电连 接。
结合第八种可能实现的方式, 在第八种可能实现的方式中, 所述微带 馈电导体包括第二馈电导体, 所述第二馈电导体的一端连接所述第一馈电
导体中远离所述馈电点的一端, 所述第二馈电导体的另一端连接所述第二 引脚。
结合第九种可能实现的方式, 在第九种可能实现的方式中, 所述第一 导体和所述第一馈电导体的图形相互对应。
结合第九种可能实现的方式, 在第十种可能实现的方式中, 所述第二 馈电导体位于所述第一引脚和所述第二引脚之间。
结合第六种至第十种任一可能实现的方式, 在第十一种可能实现的方 式中, 所述巴伦还包括第三导体, 所述第一导体靠近所述参考地的一端和 所述第二导体靠近所述参考地的一端之间连接所述第三导体, 所述第三导 体与所述参考地电连接。
结合第十一种可能实现的方式, 在第十二种可能实现的方式中, 所述 第三导体设有第三引脚, 所述第三引脚焊接在所述介质板上。
结合第十一种可能实现的方式, 在第十三种可能实现的方式中, 所述 第一导体、 所述第二导体以及所述第三导体的长度之和为电磁波长的四分 之一, 所述电磁波长为所述偶极子天线所需谐振频率的电磁波长。
结合第六种至第十种任一可能实现的方式, 在第十四种可能实现的方 式中, 所述第一导体和所述第二导体相互独立地布置在所述介质板上。
结合第十四种可能实现的方式, 在第十五种可能实现的方式中, 所述 第一导体和所述第二导体的靠近所述参考地的一端均设有第三引脚, 所述 第三引脚焊接在所述介质板上、 且与所述参考地电连接。
结合第十二或第十五种可能实现的方式, 在第十六种可能实现的方式 中所述介质板上设有第三通孔, 所述第三引脚伸出所述第三通孔, 并通过 焊接固定在所述介质板上。
结合第十四种可能实现的方式, 在第十七种可能实现的方式中, 所述 第一导体、 所述第二导体的长度以及与所述第一导体的接地端和所述第二 导体的接地端之间的距离之和为电磁波长的四分之一, 所述电磁波长为所 述偶极子天线所需谐振频率的电磁波长。
结合第一方面、 第一种至第十七种中任一可能实现的方式, 在第十八 种可能实现的方式中, 所述介质板为 PCB板。
结合第十八种可能实现的方式, 在第十九种可能实现的方式中, 所述 PCB板上设有净空区, 所述净空区上设有所述第一辐射臂、 所述第二辐射 臂以及所述巴伦, 所述馈电点和所述参考地设置在所述 PCB板中位于所述 净空区以外的区域。
结合第十一种至第十三种中任一可能实现的方式, 在第二十种可能实 现的方式中, 所述第一辐射臂、 所述第二辐射臂、 所述第一导体、 所述第 二导体以及所述第三导体为一体成型。
结合第十一种至第十三种中任一可能实现的方式, 在第二十一种可能 实现的方式中, 所述第一导体、 所述第二导体以及所述第三导体印制在介 质板上。
结合第十一种至第十三种中任一可能实现的方式, 在第二十二种可能 实现的方式中, 所述第一导体、 所述第二导体以及所述第三导体呈规则形 状或不规则形状。
结合第十四种至第十七种中任一可能实现的方式, 在第二十三种可能 实现的方式中, 所述第一辐射臂与所述第一导体为一体成型, 所述第二辐 射臂与所述第二导体为一体成型。
结合第十四种至第十七种中任一可能实现的方式, 在第二十四种可能 实现的方式中, 所述第一导体、 所述第二导体印制在介质板上。
结合第十四种至第十七种中任一可能实现的方式, 在第二十五种可能 实现的方式中, 所述第一导体、 所述第二导体呈规则形状或不规则形状。
结合上述任一可能实现的方式, 在第二十六种可能实现的方式中, 所 述第一辐射臂和所述第二辐射臂呈规则形状或不规则形状。
第二方面, 本发明实施例还提供了一种无线终端设备, 包括上述任一 可能实现方式中的偶极子天线、 射频电路、 处理电路以及存储电路, 其中, 所述偶极子天线连接所述射频电路, 所述射频电路连接所述处理电路, 所
模块来执行通 信功能或数据处理。
本发明实施例提供的一种偶极子天线及无线终端设备, 包括第一辐射 臂、 第二辐射臂、 巴伦, 其中, 第一辐射臂和第二辐射臂均焊接在介质板 上, 这样可以使第一辐射臂和第二辐射臂通过机器自动装配至介质板上, 无需通过热熔钢片的方式而形成在塑料支架上, 实现低成本制作; 当第一 辐射臂和第二辐射臂固定在介质板后, 第一辐射臂和第二辐射臂分别与巴 伦电连接, 通过巴伦与馈电点、 参考地的电连接, 以实现对第一辐射臂和 第二辐射臂的平衡馈电, 减小流向参考地的电流, 进而减小对天线方向图 的影响, 使天线具有较高的性能。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对 实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员 来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附 图。
图 1为本发明实施例一提供的偶极子天线的正面示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例一提供的偶极子天线的背面示意图;
图 3 为本发明实施例一提供的偶极子天线焊接在介质板上的正面示意 图;
图 4为本发明实施例一提供的偶极子天线焊接在介质板上的背面示意 图;
图 5 为本发明实施例二提供的偶极子天线焊接在介质板上的正面示意 图;
图 6为本发明实施例二提供的偶极子天线焊接在介质板上的背面示意 图;
图 7为本发明实施例三提供的偶极子天线的示意图;
图 8为本发明实施例三提供的偶极子天线电流走向示意图;
图 9为本发明实施例三提供的偶极子天线的回波损耗曲线图。
附图标记:
1—第一辐射臂, 10-第一引脚, 2-第二辐射臂, 20-第二引脚, 3-巴伦,
30、 60-第一导体, 31、 61-第二导体, 32-第三导体, 320-第三引脚, 4-介质 板(PCB 板), 40-未敷铜区 (净空区), 41-敷铜区, 5-微带馈电导体, 50- 第一馈电导体, 51-第二馈电导体 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进 行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没 有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护 的范围。
本发明实施例提供的偶极子天线可以应用在不同的无线终端设备中, 如背景技术所述, 内置天线有利于终端设备的 ID设计, 基于此, 本发明提 供了一种低成本、 高性能的偶极子天线。
本发明实施例提供了一种偶极子天线, 可参照图 1和 3所示, 该偶极 子天线可以包括第一辐射臂 1、 第二辐射臂 2、 巴伦 3 , 第一辐射臂 1和第 二辐射臂 2均焊接在介质板 4上, 且第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2分别与 巴伦 3电连接, 巴伦 3与馈电点、 参考地分别电连接。
由于第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2是焊接在介质板 4上的, 这样可以 将第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2通过机器自动装配至介质板 4上, 而无需 通过热熔钢片的方式而形成在塑料支架上, 实现低成本制作; 当第一辐射 臂 1和第二辐射臂 2固定在介质板 4后, 第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2分 别与巴伦 3 电连接, 通过巴伦 3与馈电点、 参考地的电连接, 以实现对第
一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2的平衡馈电, 减小流向参考地的电流, 进而减 小对天线方向图的影响, 使天线具有较高的性能。
所谓巴伦(balun )也就是平衡器平衡不平衡转换器, 英文单词 balun 是由 "balanced" 和 "unbalanced" 两个词的首字母缩写词。 其中 balance代 表差分结构, 而 unbalance代表是单端结构。 巴伦电路可以在差分信号与单 端信号之间互相转换, 保证偶极子天线上的电流对称性。
对于介质板 4而言, 其可以为 PCB板, 也可以为其它材质的绝缘板, 介质板 4还要根据偶极子天线所需谐振频率的高低来釆用不同的材质。
由于本发明实施例提供的偶极子天线可以应用在无线终端设备中, 而 如今无线终端设备都在向小型化结构的方向发展,因此此处提到的介质板 4 优选为 PCB板。 参照图 3 , 由于 PCB板的表面上具有敷铜区 41 , 本领域技 术人员可以知道的是,当天线设置在敷铜区时会影响天线的性能,因此 PCB 板上靠近天线的区域还具有未敷铜区 40, 即形成净空区, 以避免对天线性 能的影响。这样可在净空区上设有第一辐射臂 1、第二辐射臂 2以及巴伦 3 , 馈电点和参考地设置在 PCB板中位于净空区以外的区域(即敷铜区 41 )。 当然, 巴伦 3也可以不设置在 PCB板上, 本发明以巴伦 3设置在 PCB板上 为较佳实施例, 这样将巴伦 3集成在 PCB板上, 可节约终端设备内部的空 间, 有利于终端设备的结构小型化。
需要说明的是, 以下提到的介质板 4均指代的是 PCB板, 但也仅作为 本发明实施例的一种较佳方案, 而并不限于此。
基于上述内容, 以下对本发明实施例提供的偶极子天线进行具体地说 明。
实施例一:
如图 1和图 2所示, 偶极子天线包括第一辐射臂 1、 第二辐射臂 2、 巴 伦 3 , 其中, 可以在第一辐射臂 1 的根部设有第一引脚 10, 第二辐射臂 2 的根部设有第二引脚 20,介质板 4的未敷铜区 40设有第一焊盘和第二焊盘, 通过例如波峰焊等自动装配方式将第一引脚 10 焊接在第一焊盘 (图中未
示), 第二引脚 20焊接在第二焊盘 (图中未示)上, 从而使第一辐射臂 1 和第二辐射臂 2均以焊接的形式固定在介质板 4上。 需要说明的是, 焊盘 在功能上可分为两种形式, 一种是可用于表面贴装元件的焊盘形式, 另一 种是可用于插件的焊盘形式。 作为可选地, 本发明中釆用后者的焊盘形式, 即第一引脚 10和第二引脚 20均是以插件的方式固定在介质板 4上, 具体 为, 介质板 4上设有第一通孔(图中未示)和第二通孔(图中未示), 第一 引脚 10伸出第一通孔, 并焊接固定在介质板 4上; 第二引脚 20伸出第二 通孔, 并焊接固定在介质板 4上。
当第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2固定在介质板 4上后, 两者分别与巴 伦 3电连接, 巴伦 3与馈电点、 参考地分别电连接。 通过巴伦 3 自身的特 性实现对第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2的平衡馈电, 减小流向参考地的电 流, 使天线的方向线图对称或大致对称, 从而提高天线的性能。
对偶极子天线的馈电方式, 可以釆用同轴线 (cable )馈电的方式, 但 是同轴线缆与天线的连接方式涉及人工焊接, 会使综合成本比较高, 鉴于 此, 本发明中釆用微带馈电的方式, 具体为, 如图 4所示, 在介质板 4上 印制有微带馈电导体 5 ,微带馈电导体 5与巴伦 3的馈电点电连接。微带馈 电导体 5与巴伦 3相对设置、 且分布在介质板 4的不同表面上(此处为了 便于理解, 将介质板 4上设置巴伦 3的表面称为正面、 设置微带馈电导体 的表面称为背面)。
本领域技术人员可以知道的是, 巴伦通常具有两个馈电点, 在本文中, 当第一辐射臂 1的根部和第二辐射臂 2的根部分别与巴伦 3的端部直接连 接时, 可以使第一引脚 10形成巴伦 3的其中一个馈电点, 第二引脚 20形 成巴伦 3的另一个馈电点。 由于微带馈电导体与巴伦 3是电连接的关系, 而巴伦 3的馈电点又可以是由第一引脚 10和第二引脚 20形成的, 因此当 第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2插入介质板 4上后便可以实现与微带馈电导 体的电连接, 避免釆用 cable线, 从而无需人工焊接, 进一步降低成本。
对于巴伦 3的结构, 参照图 1-图 3 , 可以包括第一导体 30、 第二导体
31、 第三导体 32, 其中第一导体 30的一端与第一辐射臂 1的根部(或者为 介质板 4上的第一焊盘)连接、 另一端靠近参考地; 第二导体 31的一端与 第二辐射臂 2的根部连接(或者为介质板 4上的第二焊盘)、 另一端靠近参 考地连接, 在第一导体 30靠近参考地的一端和第二导体 31靠近参考地的 一端之间连接第三导体 32, 第三导体 32与参考地电连接。
第一导体 30、 第二导体 31以及第三导体 32是一体成型的巴伦结构, 其可以与第一辐射臂 1、 第二辐射臂 2—样,是一个安装在介质板 4上的部 件, 在这种情况下, 可以在第三导体 32的上设有第三引脚 320, 第三引脚 320焊接于介质板 4上、 且同时与参考地连接; 或者与第一辐射臂 1、 第二 辐射臂 2形成一体成型的结构, 如图 4所示, 同样在第三导体 32上也可以 设有第三引脚 320,第三引脚 320焊接于介质板 4上、且同时与参考地连接。
对于第三引脚 320焊接在介质板 4上的方式, 同前述的第一引脚 10和 第二引脚 20相似, 在介质板 4上设有第三通孔(图中未示), 第三引脚 320 伸出第三通孔, 并焊接固定在介质板 4上。
上述一体成型的巴伦结构可以是印制在介质板 4上的微带线, 这样相 比其与第一辐射臂 1、 第二辐射臂 2—体成型的结构, 可以减少巴伦 3的金 属用料, 进一步降低成本, 提高产品的竟争力。
对于微带馈电导体 5的结构, 再次参阅图 4, 其可以包括印制在介质板 4上的第一馈电导体 50, 第一馈电导体 50的一端与图 4中所标注的馈电点 连接、 另一端与第二辐射臂 2的第二引脚 20电连接, 实现第一馈电导体 50 与第二馈电点 (第二引脚 20 ) 的电连接。 第一馈电导体 50与第一导体 30 平行相对, 这样第一馈电导体 50和第一导体 30的产生耦合, 使第一馈电 导体 50与第一馈电点(第一引脚 10 )的形成耦合式电连接, 并形成双线馈 电的结构。
第一导体 30和第一馈电导体 50的图形相互对应、 且长度相同, 也就 是第一导体 30和第一馈电导体 50分别在介质板 4上的投影相互重叠, 这 样可以使第一导体 30和第一馈电导体 50耦合产生与第一馈电导体 50上产
生的大小相同、 方向相反的电流, 第二导体 31产生与第一馈电导体 50大 小相同、 方向相同的电流, 使得第一引脚 10和第二引脚 20的电流大小相 同、 方向相反, 实现对第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2的平衡馈电。
为了更好地实现对第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2的平衡馈电, 巴伦 3 的沟槽(第一引脚 10到第二引脚 20的电流回路) 总长度为偶极子天线所 需谐振频率的电磁波长的四分之一, 其中, 巴伦 3 的沟槽长度等于或大致 等于第一导体 30、 第二导体 31以及第三导体 32的长度之和。 这样可以进 一步减少流向介质板 4中参考地的电流, 消除参考地对天线方向图的影响, 提高天线的性能。
第一导体 30、 第二导体 31以及第三导体 32的形状可以呈图中所示的 矩形或其它图中未示的规则形状, 如规则的折弯形、 弧形等, 但也可以是 不规则异形形状, 只要形成的巴伦 3 沟槽长度满足偶极子天线所需谐振频 率的电磁波长的四分之一即可。
对于微带馈电导体还可以包括印制在介质板 4上的第二馈电导体 51 , 如图 4所示, 第二馈电导体 51—端与第一馈电导体 50中靠近第一引脚 10 的一端连接,第二馈电导体 51的另一端与伸出介质板 4表面的第二引脚 20 连接(或者也可以与介质板 4上的第二焊盘连接), 以实现微带馈电导体与 第二引脚 20的电连接。
为了不使第二馈电导体 51与第二导体 31产生耦合效应, 此处将第二 馈电导体 51设置在第一引脚 10和第二引脚 20之间。 第二馈电导体 51的 图形并不局限于图中所示的直线状, 还可以是折弯状、 弧状等规则或不规 则的图形, 只要满足其不与第二导体 31不产生耦合效应即可。
此外, 第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2可以是如图中所示的相互对称结 构, 且形状均为规则的折弯状或其它图中未示的规则形状或不规则形状。 当然, 第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2也可以不是相互对称的结构, 且形状 也可以是规则形状或不规则形状,只要可以将第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2 调试至所需的谐振频率即可。
需要说明的是, 第一辐射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2焊接在介质板 4上后, 各辐射臂中的一部分会落在介质板 4的正面上, 其余部分伸出介质板 4的 边缘, 形成图 3或图 4所示的状态, 这样一方面使第一辐射臂 1和第二辐 射臂 2远离介质板 4的敷铜区, 减小对天线性能的影响, 另一方面还能使 天线占用介质板 4较小的面积, 从而可以使介质板 4小型化, 进而可以使 终端设备结构小型化。
各辐射臂伸出介质板 4的部分可以与介质板 4的正面大致处于同一水 平面, 或者也可以折弯与介质板 4的正面呈一定角度, 该角度为 90° 时可 以作为本发明较为优选的方案, 这样不但可以使天线占用介质板 4较小的 面积可以有效的利用介质板 4正面与终端设备的壳体之间的空间, 使终端 设备的结构更加紧凑。 实施例二:
本实施例与实施一相比, 其区别特征在于: 第一导体 60和第二导体 61 相互独立地布置在介质板 4上, 如图 5所示, 即巴伦 3包括第一导体 60、 第二导体 61、其中第一导体 60的一端与第一辐射臂 1的根部(或者为介质 板 4上的第一焊盘)连接、 另一端直接连接图 5 中所标注的参考地; 第二 导体 61的一端与第二辐射臂 2的根部连接(或者为介质板 4上的第二焊盘)、 另一端直接连接参考地。
第一导体 60、 第二导体 61均可以是安装在介质板 4上的部件, 在此情 况下, 可以在第一导体 60和第二导体 61的靠近参考地的一端均设有第三 引脚(图中未示), 第三引脚焊接于介质板 4上、 且同时与参考地连接; 或 者第一导体 60与第一辐射臂 1、第二导体 61与第二辐射臂 2分别形成一体 成型的结构, 同样在第一导体 60和第二导体 61 的靠近参考地的一端均设 有第三引脚, 第三引脚焊接于介质板 4上、 且同时与参考地连接。
本实施例的第一导体 60和第二导体 61也可以是印制在介质板 4上的 微带线, 如图 6所示的无需设置第三引脚, 这样相比第一导体 60和第二导
体 61分别与第一辐射臂 1、 第二辐射臂 2形成一体式的结构, 可以减少巴 伦 3的金属用料, 进一步降低成本, 提高产品的竟争力。
在本实施例中, 巴伦 3的沟槽(第一引脚 10到第二引脚 20的电流回 路)总长度等于或大致等于第一导体 60、 第二导体 61的长度以及与第一导 体 60的接地端和第二导体 61的接地端之间的距离之和, 当巴伦 3的沟槽 总长度为偶极子天线所需谐振频率的电磁波长的四分之一时, 可以进一步 减少流向介质板 4 中参考地的电流, 消除参考地对天线方向图的影响, 提 高天线的性能。
第一导体 60、第二导体 61形状可以呈图中所示的矩形或其它图中未示 的规则形状, 如规则的折弯形、 弧形等, 但也可以是不规则异形形状, 只 要形成的巴伦 3 沟槽长度满足偶极子天线所需谐振频率的电磁波长的四分 之一即可。 实施例三:
本发明中的偶极子天线通过合理的尺寸设计, 可以覆盖所有频段, 其 中, 每一种尺寸的天线对应覆盖不同的频段, 本实施例以覆盖 2.4GHz (兆 赫兹) 一 2.5 GHz (兆赫兹) 的频段的偶极子天线为例进行说明。
偶极子天线的尺寸如图 7所示, 其馈电方式为:
结合图 3和图 4, 介质板 4正面的第一导体 30和介质板 4背面的第一 馈电导体 50耦合形成双线馈电结构, 在图 8所示的摆放状态下, 当从馈电 点向第一馈电导体 50馈入竖直向下的电流时, 第一导体 30与第一馈电导 体 50耦合产生竖直向上(如图 8所示的标记竖直向上的箭头)的电流, 且 与第一馈电导体 50的电流大小相同或接近相同, 此时第一引脚 10的电流 的方向为沿垂直于图 8 所示的图面且朝内的方向; 同时, 第一馈电导体 50 的电流从第二引脚 20馈入第二导体 31中, 第二导体 31产生竖直向下(如 图 8所示的标记竖直向下的箭头)的电流, 此时第二引脚 20的电流的方向 为沿垂直于图 8 所示的图面且朝外的方向。这样第一引脚 10 (第一馈电点)
和第二引脚 20 (第二馈电点) 的电流大小相同, 方向相反, 实现对第一辐 射臂 1和第二辐射臂 2的平衡馈电。
当第一导体 30的电流和第二导体 31 中的电流在接地处交汇时, 由于 第一导体 30流向接地处的电流方向和第二导体 31流向接地处的电流方向 相反, 因此这两个方向的电流基本相互抵消, 这样减小流向参考地的电流, 进而减小参考地对天线的影响, 使得偶极子天线具有较好的方向性, 并且 能量损耗也比较小 (如图 9所示的回波损耗图, 在所需的频段上, 回波损 耗值越小, 代表天线传输信号的能量损耗越小, 即图 9示的图形曲线沟槽 深度越深越好)。
表 1所示的为该实施例中偶极子天线的实际测试效率, 从表 1 中测试 数据可以看出该偶极子天线效率的比较高。
表 1
此处需要强调的是, 通常不同尺寸的天线对应覆盖不同的频段, 本实 施例仅是对其中某一种尺寸的天线进行的举例说明, 当天线具有其它不同 于该实施例中提供的尺寸时,则天线覆盖不同于 2.4GHz(兆赫兹)一2.5 GHz
(兆赫兹)频段的其它频段。 也就是说, 本发明的偶极子天线结构可以覆
盖所有频段。 实施例四:
本实施例还提供了一种无线终端设备, 包括上述任一形式的偶极子天 线。 由于前文已经对该偶极子天线进行了详细描述, 因此这里不再赘述。
上述无线终端设备可以为手机、 平板电脑、 网关、 路由器、 机顶盒、
PDA ( Personal Digital Assistant, 个人数字助理)、 POS ( Point of Sales, 销 售终端)、 车载电脑等。
以无线终端设备为手机进行举例说明, 手机包括存储电路、 处理电路、 射频 ( Radio Frequency, 简称 RF ) 电路以及偶极子天线等。 其中, 偶极子 天线包括上述的第一辐射臂、 第二辐射臂、 巴伦。 当手机发射信号时, 电 流信号从馈电点馈入到微带馈电导体, 微带馈电导体通过与巴伦的电耦合 将电流馈入到巴伦, 通过巴伦可以实现对第一辐射臂和第二辐射臂的平衡 馈电, 最终辐射臂将电流信号转化为电磁信号辐射到空间中。 当手机接收 电磁信号时, 电磁信号通过辐射臂转化为电流信号, 电流信号从辐射臂通 过巴伦馈入到微带馈电导体, 从微带馈电导体输入的电流信号流入到射频 电路内, 再从射频电路流入至处理电路, 处理电路通过运行存储在存储电 路中的软件程序以及模块, 从而执行通信标准或协议。
上述的执行通信标准或协议例如为 GSM(Global System of Mobile Communication , 全 ί求移动通讯系统)、 GPRS (General Packet Radio Service , 通用分组无线月良务)、 CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access, 码分多址)、 WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, 宽带码分多址)、 LTE、 电子邮件、 SMS(Short Messaging Service, 短消息服务)等。
以上, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于 此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易 想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本发明的保 护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims
1、 一种偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 包括第一辐射臂、 第二辐射臂、 巴 伦, 所述第一辐射臂和所述第二辐射臂均焊接在所述介质板上, 且所述第 一辐射臂和所述第二辐射臂分别与所述巴伦电连接, 所述巴伦与馈电点、 参考地分别电连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述巴伦设置在 所述介质板上。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述巴伦通过微 带馈电导体与所述馈电点连接, 所述微带馈电导体与所述巴伦相对设置、 且分布在所述介质板的不同表面上。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一辐射臂 的根部设有第一引脚, 所述第一引脚焊接在所述介质板上, 所述第二辐射 臂的根部设有第二引脚, 所述第二引脚焊接在所述介质板上。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述介质板上设 有第一通孔和第二通孔, 所述第一引脚伸出所述第一通孔, 并通过焊接固 定在所述介质板上; 所述第二引脚伸出所述第二通孔, 并通过焊接固定在 所述介质板上。
6、 根据权利要求 1-5任一项所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第 一辐射臂的根部和所述第二辐射臂的根部分别与所述巴伦电连接。
7、 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述巴伦包 括第一导体和第二导体, 所述第一导体的一端与所述第一辐射臂的根部连 接、 另一端与所述参考地连接; 所述第二导体的一端与所述第二辐射臂的 根部、 另一端与所述参考地连接。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述微带馈电导 体包括第一馈电导体, 所述第一馈电导体与所述第一导体平行相对, 所述 第一馈电导体的一端与所述馈电点连接、 另一端与所述第二引脚电连接。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述微带馈电导
体还包括第二馈电导体, 所述第二馈电导体的一端连接所述第一馈电导体 中远离所述馈电点的一端, 所述第二馈电导体的另一端连接所述第二引脚。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一导体 和所述第一馈电导体的图形相互对应。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第二馈电 导体位于所述第一引脚和所述第二引脚之间。
12、 根据权利要求 7-11任一项所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述 巴伦还包括第三导体, 所述第一导体靠近所述参考地的一端和所述第二导 体靠近所述参考地的一端之间连接所述第三导体, 所述第三导体与所述参 考地电连接。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第三导体 设有第三引脚, 所述第三引脚焊接在所述介质板上。
14、根据权利要求 12所述的偶极子天线,其特征在于, 所述第一导体、 所述第二导体以及所述第三导体的长度之和为电磁波长的四分之一, 所述 电磁波长为所述偶极子天线所需谐振频率的电磁波长。
15、 根据权利要求 7-11任一项所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述 第一导体和所述第二导体相互独立地布置在所述介质板上。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一导体 和所述第二导体的靠近所述参考地的一端均设有第三引脚, 所述第三引脚 焊接在所述介质板上、 且与所述参考地电连接。
17、 根据权利要求 13或 16所述的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述介 质板上设有第三通孔, 所述第三引脚伸出所述第三通孔, 并通过焊接固定 在所述介质板上。
18、根据权利要求 15所述的偶极子天线,其特征在于, 所述第一导体、 所述第二导体的长度以及与所述第一导体的接地端和所述第二导体的接地 端之间的距离之和为电磁波长的四分之一, 所述电磁波长为所述偶极子天 线所需谐振频率的电磁波长。
19、 根据权利要求 1-18任一项的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述介质 板为 PCB板。
20、根据权利要求 19的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述 PCB板上设有 净空区, 所述净空区上设有所述第一辐射臂、 所述第二辐射臂以及所述巴 伦, 所述馈电点和所述参考地设置在所述 PCB板上位于所述净空区以外的 区域。
21、根据权利要求 12-14任一项的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一 辐射臂、 所述第二辐射臂、 所述第一导体、 所述第二导体以及所述第三导 体为一体成型。
22、根据权利要求 12-14任一项的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一 导体、 所述第二导体以及所述第三导体印制在介质板上。
23、根据权利要求 12-14任一项的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一 导体、 所述第二导体以及所述第三导体呈规则形状或不规则形状。
24、根据权利要求 15-18任一项的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一 辐射臂与所述第一导体为一体成型, 所述第二辐射臂与所述第二导体为 - 体成型。
25、根据权利要求 15-18任一项的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一 导体、 所述第二导体印制在介质板上。
26、根据权利要求 15-18任一项的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一 导体、 所述第二导体呈规则形状或不规则形状。
27、 根据权利要求 1-26任一项的偶极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述第一 辐射臂和所述第二辐射臂呈规则形状或不规则形状。
28、 一种无线终端设备, 其特征在于, 包括权利要求 1-25任一项所述 的偶极子天线、 射频电路、 处理电路以及存储电路, 其中, 所述偶极子天 线连接所述射频电路, 所述射频电路连接所述处理电路, 所述处理电路通 过运行存储在所述存储电路中的软件程序以及模块来执行通信功能或数据 处理。
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CN201380003754.6A CN104781983A (zh) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | 一种偶极子天线及无线终端设备 |
PCT/CN2013/086335 WO2015062030A1 (zh) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | 一种偶极子天线及无线终端设备 |
EP13876087.1A EP2940794B1 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | Dipole antenna and wireless terminal device |
US14/472,638 US9825367B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2014-08-29 | Dipole antenna and wireless terminal device |
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CN110691474B (zh) * | 2019-09-23 | 2021-02-12 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | 一种辐射单元的焊接方法 |
CN112467369A (zh) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-09 | 上海磐启微电子有限公司 | 一种wifi板载天线 |
CN113296806B (zh) * | 2021-05-08 | 2023-01-20 | 山东英信计算机技术有限公司 | 一种服务器板卡cpld烧录装置 |
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EP2940794A1 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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US20150116176A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
US9825367B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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