WO2015055785A1 - Détecteur de rayons permettant de détecter un rayonnement, dispositif de prise de vues et procédé permettant de reproduire un volume cible et de déterminer un centre de balayage à l'intérieur du volume cible - Google Patents

Détecteur de rayons permettant de détecter un rayonnement, dispositif de prise de vues et procédé permettant de reproduire un volume cible et de déterminer un centre de balayage à l'intérieur du volume cible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015055785A1
WO2015055785A1 PCT/EP2014/072262 EP2014072262W WO2015055785A1 WO 2015055785 A1 WO2015055785 A1 WO 2015055785A1 EP 2014072262 W EP2014072262 W EP 2014072262W WO 2015055785 A1 WO2015055785 A1 WO 2015055785A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation
detector
display unit
radiation detector
target volume
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/072262
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Keeve
Sebastian Engel
Felix Fehlhaber
Eckart Uhlmann
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Charitè - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
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Application filed by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., Charitè - Universitätsmedizin Berlin filed Critical Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Publication of WO2015055785A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015055785A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/46—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B6/467—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/42—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4208—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
    • A61B6/4233—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector using matrix detectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/46—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B6/467—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means
    • A61B6/469—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means for selecting a region of interest [ROI]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/547—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving tracking of position of the device or parts of the device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4429—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
    • A61B6/4435—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure
    • A61B6/4441—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4429—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
    • A61B6/4452—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being able to move relative to each other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4429—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
    • A61B6/4458—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit or the detector unit being attached to robotic arms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/56—Details of data transmission or power supply, e.g. use of slip rings

Definitions

  • Radiation detector for detecting a radiation, recording device and
  • the present invention relates to a radiation detector for detecting radiation, a recording device and a method for imaging a target volume and for determining a scanning center within the target volume.
  • fluoroscopy is predominantly performed by means of a created sensitive film material, which must be developed after the irradiation.
  • Digital detectors establish themselves only slowly and predominantly in hospitals, but not in general practitioners. Usually, a large-area cassette is anchored behind the patient in a holder, then irradiated, removed and developed. The diagnosis takes place only after the development of the film,
  • a display of image information recorded by means of a flat detector is usually carried out on external monitors, which are usually attached to a trolley.
  • external monitors which are usually attached to a trolley.
  • trolley In the trolley there are more system hardware.
  • trolley often accommodate units for operating the entire system. From the point of view, operating rooms and work areas generally clear and spacious to set up, it is desirable to be able to dispense with the trolley in the operating room.
  • Such a system with an external monitor is known for example from the document DE 10 2010 018 627 AI.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to propose a radiation detector and a recording device that are built as compact as possible and occupy little space in a workspace.
  • a radiation detector for detecting a radiation has a base body with a first surface sensitive to the radiation to be detected.
  • the radiation detector has a second surface opposite the first surface.
  • a display unit is arranged, which serves to display an image generated by the detected radiation. If the display unit is mounted on the first surface, the display unit is permeable to the radiation to be detected.
  • the display unit By a direct application of the display unit on the second surface, whereby it is thus in direct contact with the second surface, a user of the radiation detector on one side of the radiation detector facing away from the radiation detector can easily perceive the recorded image, the display unit in this case not be permeable to the detecting radiation, but may be natural.
  • the direct application of the display unit on the first surface or on the second surface a compact design of the entire radiation detector is possible.
  • the display unit itself has a flat extended surface, that is, that a length and a width of the display unit are each larger than a thickness. As a result, a large part of the radiation can be detected, while at the same time a thickness is kept low.
  • the display unit lies flat and in alignment with the radiation detector, ie it advantageously covers the complete surface of the detector
  • the first surface is sensitive to the radiation to be detected, i. H. that these can detect a measurement signal when the radiation hits, but that the second one too
  • the display unit when it is arranged on the first surface, also disposed directly on this surface, that is, in direct, touching contact with the first surface. If the display unit is arranged on the second surface, it may be permeable to the radiation to be detected.
  • the display unit has a luminous film, wherein the luminous film preferably comprises an organic light emitting diode (OLED) or a light emitting electrochemical cell ⁇ LEC).
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • LEC light emitting electrochemical cell
  • Light-emitting diodes and electrochemical cells can be simple and high Packing density and light output can be arranged in a luminous film.
  • a luminous film By using a luminous film, a thin, but at the same time flexible film during processing is applied to the radiation detector. A thickness of the radiation detector thus remains virtually unchanged, while a production can nevertheless take place in a simple and cost-effective manner.
  • the radiation detector has an operating unit.
  • This operating unit is arranged such that the display unit is located between the main body and the operating unit.
  • the operating unit can be arranged next to the display unit on the base body.
  • the control unit dispenses with another external device and instead integrates this into the radiation detector.
  • a control of the display element and an evaluation of user input via the operating unit can be done via a separate hardware, which can be placed outside a sensor work area, ie a work area of the X-ray detector.
  • the arrangement next to the display unit still allows a compact design of the radiation detector, in which case the image is not obscured during operation, whereas the arrangement above the body and below the display unit realizes a very space-saving arrangement, but in a Operation via the control unit, the image displayed on the display unit is obscured.
  • the operating unit comprises a multi-touch surface.
  • the display unit and the operating unit are combined with one another, that is to say they are realized in a single component.
  • the multi-touch display itself operates on a capacitive basis or by means of an optical method, preferably "frustrated internal total reflection".
  • the arrangement of the operating unit next to the display unit typically includes an arrangement on the side of the display unit.
  • the operation is preferably also permeable to the radiation to be detected and can also be used for an optical radiation emitted by the display unit
  • the radiation detector can be designed as a flat detector.
  • a flat panel detector should be understood to mean that a length and a width of the surface of the radiation detector used for detection are significantly greater than a thickness of the radiation detector.
  • the length and / or the width is at least twice as large as the thickness of the detector. By such dimensions, a compact detector is realized.
  • the first surface or the second surface of the base body can be designed to detect ionizing radiation.
  • ionizing radiation is used to study an interior of objects to be imaged.
  • the ionizing radiation comprises X-radiation, i. a radiation in the wavelength range of 10 nm to 1 pm.
  • the radiation detector is thus an X-ray detector and the property of the display unit to be transparent to the radiation to be detected means that the display unit is permeable to X-ray radiation and it is only absorbed onto the main body of the radiation detector for imaging.
  • the main body and the display unit can be arranged within a housing, wherein the housing has an opening for the display unit and the first surface of the radiation detector or, if provided, for the operating unit.
  • the housing typically comprises a metal or a plastic, preferably aluminum, iron, lead, polyethylene, polypropylene and / or polyvinyl chloride. It may be provided that the main body and the display unit and the operating unit always remain within the housing, so in particular the display unit is always located with its entire volume within the housing,
  • the radiation detector can be designed as a mobile device and have an independent power supply.
  • the power supply via a built-in battery, so a primary cell, which is no longer can be charged, or via a built-in battery, which can be recharged after a discharge and thus is a secondary cell.
  • the radiation detector for assessing the recorded images can be brought into a position that is comfortable for a user and can be used in a location-independent manner.
  • a recording device for imaging and registering a target volume comprises the radiation detector already described, a radiation source for emitting radiation and a computing unit for calculating the image of the target volume and for displaying the image on the display unit.
  • the arithmetic unit also processes inputs that have been made via the operating unit, provided that the operating unit is provided as a component.
  • Such a recording device is typically used for three-dimensional imaging and can be arranged, for example, on a C-arm device.
  • the recording device may also comprise freely movable radiation detectors and radiation sources.
  • the arithmetic unit itself can be arranged on the radiation detector, but it can also be designed as a separate device.
  • the arithmetic unit is arranged on the radiation detector, it can be directly, ie in direct contact with the main body and, if the housing is provided on the radiation detector, preferably enclosed by the housing.
  • the arithmetic unit is typically designed as a microcontroller.
  • the radiation source and / or the radiation detector are typically attached to a respective movable arm. This allows a free positioning of the two components relative to each other.
  • the object to be imaged is mounted on a holder, wherein the radiation detector can be moved completely under the holder by the arm. As a result, if neither imaging on the display unit nor detection of the radiation is required, the radiation detector can be moved under the holder in a space-saving manner.
  • the arm on which the radiation source or the radiation detector are held is typically a robot arm having at least three axes, preferably at least four axes, particularly preferably with six axes, at the end of which said components are mounted.
  • the holder has a closed surface for reliably holding the object to be imaged located in the target volume, and may be, for example, a table or, in particular, a table in an operating room.
  • the surface is permeable to the radiation to be detected or has a recess for the radiation to be detected.
  • the device described may, as already described, comprise a C-arm on which the radiation detector is arranged.
  • the radiation source is arranged on this C-arm.
  • the radiation source is arranged on this C-arm.
  • Radiation source and the radiation detector in this case arranged opposite each other and the C-arm can be moved around the holder described.
  • a method of mapping a target volume and determining a scan center within the target volume comprises several steps.
  • an object to be examined which is located in the target volume, is recorded by emitting radiation from a radiation source onto the object to be examined.
  • This radiation is detected by the already described radiation detector, which comprises the operating unit and the display unit, wherein the radiation source and the radiation detector are arranged in a first relative position to each other.
  • the radiation source and / or the radiation detector is moved to a second relative position and the object to be examined is recorded again.
  • the recorded image or multiple images of the target volume is displayed on the display unit, and a region of interest within the target volume is selected by the control unit arranged on the radiation detector and a scan center is determined that lies centrally in the target volume.
  • the selection is made by a user, the scanning center itself being a point by which subsequent scans can be carried out in now precisely defined recording positions relative to this scanning center.
  • this method is carried out with the recording device already described.
  • the recording device itself can also sensors for measuring a movement of the radiation source and or or of the radiation detector.
  • a movement of the radiation detector is measured and an inverse movement of the radiation detector is transmitted to the image for spatially fixed positioning of the image.
  • the image here is typically a projection image of the object to be examined.
  • the measurement can be done via motion sensors on the radiation detector. Due to the transmission of the inverse movement, the actual movement is just compensated and the image is positioned spatially fixed.
  • the radiation detector, the acquisition device and the method described above are used in medicine, in particular in intraoperative imaging.
  • FIGS. 1 to 16 are shown.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a flat detector of the
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a flat detector with an applied X-ray transparent display unit
  • FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of the flat detector with the display and operating unit applied;
  • FIG. 4 shows a flat-panel detector with a radiolucent display unit and a lateral operating unit
  • Fig. 5 is a view corresponding to Fig 1 a flat detector with a side handle. 1 corresponding view of a flat detector with display element and housing; a frontafe view of a C-arm with a radiation source and the in the Fign. 1 to 6 flat detector shown; the device shown in Figure 7 in a rotated by 90 ° with respect to the view of Figure 7 side view. 8 shows a view of the receiving device with a relative to the device shown in Figure 8 by 90 ° deflected orbital axis of the C-arm.
  • the radiation detector with projection image displayed on the display unit ; a space-fixed fixation of the projection image shown in Figure 11 when moving the radiation detector.
  • lendetektor lendetektor.
  • a main body of a conventional flat detector 1 is shown in a perspective view.
  • the main body has a length which corresponds to its value according to a width of the main body.
  • Fiachdetektors 1 Basic form of Fiachdetektors 1 is thus square. Both the length and the width of the main body are significantly larger than a thickness of the base body, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the thickness is just one-tenth of the length or the width of the body.
  • the body comprises a cesium iodide substrate incident as a scintillator
  • X-radiation is converted into visible radiation, which is converted into an electrical signal by a matrix of photodiodes! is converted.
  • An upper side of the flat detector 1 is designed to detect ionizing radiation in the form of X-ray radiation impinging on the upper side and subsequently to forward it as a projection image to a display unit.
  • one of the second surface opposite the first surface 2 forming the upper side is not sensitive to the X-ray radiation.
  • Fig. 2 in a Fig. 1 corresponding view of that shown in Fig. 1
  • the display unit 3 is a luminescent film in which a plurality of organic light emitting diodes (OLED) are incorporated and which can represent the electrical signal coming from the photodiodes as an image.
  • OLED organic light emitting diodes
  • the X-radiation incident on the first surface 2 generates a projection image which is determined by a computing unit and can be displayed on the display unit 3.
  • the arithmetic unit is in this case arranged directly on the flat detector 2, but can also be used as a separate device in addition to the other embodiments
  • Fiachdetektor 2 be arranged and connected to this wired or kabef- loose.
  • the luminous film of the display unit 3 is permeable to X-ray radiation, so that the X-ray radiation, without being absorbed, can pass through the luminous film and strike the first surface 2 of the flat detector 1. This allows a more effective use of a detector surface by integration of display and controls in the Flat detector 1 can be achieved.
  • the control of the display unit 3 and an evaluation of user input via an operating unit can be done via a separate hardware, which may be placed outside the sensor work area.
  • An operating unit 4 is applied in the flat detector 1 shown in FIG. 3 in a view corresponding to FIG. 1 with a display unit 3 arranged thereon.
  • the operating unit 4 is mounted directly on the display unit 3 and transmissive to radiation in the optical range, i. for electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range between 300 nm and 800 nm, as well as for X-radiation in a wavelength range of 10 nm to 1 pm, so that projection images displayed on the display unit 3 are not absorbed by the operating unit 4.
  • radiolucent is to be understood in this case that a maximum of 10% of the incident radiation is absorbed, scattered or reflected.
  • the display unit 3 thus lies between the operating unit 4 and the flat detector 1.
  • the dimensions of the display unit 3 and the operating unit 4 correspond exactly to the dimensions of the first surface 2 of the flat detector 1, on which they are arranged in alignment.
  • the operating unit 4 comprises a multi-touch surface, which has a capacitive working method with capacitive
  • the display unit 3 and the operating unit 4 can be combined by a single component designed in one piece, for example a touchscreen.
  • the operating unit 4 can also be a keyboard arranged laterally on the flat detector 1, a trackball or a touchpad.
  • a capacitive or inductive operation for example a three-dimensional gesture recognition, may be provided.
  • metal filaments in the display unit can be provided around a receiving area such as a sensor, whose capacitance changes when approaching or touching a finger and which can thus be evaluated capacitively.
  • a further display unit can also be arranged on an underside of the flat detector 1 opposite the upper side, which typically likewise is permeable to the detectable X-radiation is.
  • the second surface can be sensitive to the X-radiation. Equipping the flat detector 1 with two display units on different sides is particularly advantageous when mounted on a C-arm, as is always visible by a C-shaped movement of the C-arm to be imaged isocenter one of the two display units.
  • the display unit 3 may also not be arranged directly on the second surface, in particular if the Anzetgetechnik 3 is applied to both the first surface 2 and on the second surface.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in a view corresponding to FIG. 1, the flat detector 1 with the radiopaque display unit 3 applied thereto and a laterally mounted interface 5 for contactless gesture recognition.
  • the cutting parts 5 comprise a camera which detects gestures of a user of the radiation detector 1 and determines them based on these gestures
  • the flat-panel detector 1 can also, as shown in FIG. 5 in a perspective view corresponding to FIG. 1, have a lateral grip 6, which is arranged on a main body of the flat detector 1.
  • the display unit 3 On the first surface 2 of the flat detector 1, in turn, the display unit 3 is applied.
  • the handle 6 is used for easy transport of Fiachdetektors 1 by a user. This allows a mobile and easy assessment. For simplified mobile use of the flat detector 1, this has a built-in battery for power supply.
  • the flat detector 1 comprises a built-in communication unit with antenna, with which the flat detector 1 is in wireless communication with the latter for the transmission of Bifd data from the arithmetic unit.
  • FIG. 6 shows in a view corresponding to FIG.
  • the flat detector 1 in which the X-ray-transparent display unit 3 is mounted in direct contact with the main body on the surface opposite to the radiation-sensitive surface 2.
  • the radiation-sensitive first surface 2 lies in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6 facing away from a viewer.
  • Control unit 4 are arranged in a housing 7.
  • the housing 7 um- closes the display unit 3 and has an opening 8 through which a display can be viewed. Likewise, the housing 7 has a further opening on a lower side through which X-ray radiation can reach the first surface 2.
  • the housing 7 can also surround the flat detector 1.
  • the housing 7 is made of aluminum in the illustrated embodiment and protects both the base body and the display unit 3 from mechanical damage.
  • the housing may also consist of or at least comprise other materials, for example plastics or fiber-reinforced plastics or other metals.
  • the receiving unit 3 can also be arranged on the first surface 2 in further exemplary embodiments and, alternatively or additionally, the operating unit 4 can be attached to the flat detector 1.
  • Fig. 7 shows a side view of an operating table 9, which by a
  • Tabletop 10 is in contact with a floor 11 of an operating room.
  • a receiving device 12 is arranged at a right end of the operating table 9.
  • the recording device 12 comprises a radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1 already described.
  • the radiation source 13 is located below the surgical area 9, while the radiation detector 1 is located opposite the radiation source 13 above the operating table 9 is arranged.
  • the radiation source 13 emits a cone beam-shaped bundle of X-rays, of which only a central beam 19 running centrally within this bundle 19 is shown in FIG.
  • the radiation source 13 and the radiation detector 1 are on a C-arm
  • the receiving device 12 can be moved via rollers 15 on the floor 11 of the operating room.
  • the receiving device 12 is designed to generate three-dimensional images from the projection images obtained and has for this purpose a computing unit 16 which is arranged on the receiving device 12.
  • the arithmetic unit 16 may also be spatially separated from the receiving device 12.
  • a scan center must be redefined.
  • the imaging system is moved in two orthogonal positions parallel to a patient. A first of these positions is shown in FIG.
  • the imaging components, ie the radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1, are displaced in both planes until the fluoroscopy images the volume to be scanned almost centrally.
  • FIG. 8 the recording device 12 with the C-arm 14 and the radiation detector 1 and the radiation source 13 is shown in a 90 ° relative to the view shown in Fig. 7.
  • the two positions are anterior-posterior (as shown in FIG. 8 "from above") and the lateral ("lateral") position illustrated in FIG. 9.
  • Fig. 9 shows accordingly in the same perspective as Fig. 8, the receiving device 12, in which the C-arm 14 and thus also the attached radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1 were moved by 90 ° in a lateral position.
  • an orbital axis of the C-arm 14 is now deflected by 90.degree ..
  • the orbital axis is in this case the axis of rotation of the orbital movement, extending in the middle between the
  • Radiation source 13 and the radiation detector 1 and is perpendicular to a connecting line between the radiation source 13 and the radiation detector 1. In the orientation of two axes are thus first aligned from a bird's eye view, and then in the lateral position to align the height. This will be the X-ray fluoroscopy displayed on a separate monitor or, as shown in Figs. 7 to 9 on the flat detector 1 with integrated recording unit 3. Alignment with conventional radiation detectors without the display unit 3 requires the surgeon, as the user of the recording device 12, to gain some experience of the display on the actual position of the projection and the complete
  • the flat detector 1 Align the system correctly.
  • the flat detector 1 is no longer used only for pure image acquisition, but manipulatable image reproduction.
  • FIG. 10 shows, in a side view, the radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1, which are now not rigidly connected in their position by the C-arm 14. are coupled, but each attached to a freely movable arm.
  • the radiation source 13 is arranged on a robot arm 17 with three axes.
  • Independent kinematics of the radiation source 13 and the flat detector 1 in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10 make it more flexible in a design of the alignment process: the flat detector 1 can be moved around the radiation source 13 to two laterally oblique positions so that an X-ray projection can be obtained
  • the volume to be scanned is completely but not necessarily centered. The two positions are shown in Fig. 10, wherein a scanning center 18 just one
  • the surgeon can use the operating unit 4 of the flat detector 1 to mark his target volume, which is also referred to as the "region of interest (ROI)", in each case on the displayed projection.
  • the target volume may in this case include certain areas of the body such as individual organs or certain bones and is a predetermined area of space that is to be imaged.
  • Simple beam geometry allows the calculation of the scanning center 18.
  • the lateral transilluminations can in particular be made so that only the patient lying on the operating table 9 is transilluminated and not in addition the operating table 9. This can cause a reduction of the radiation dose to the patient in systems with a power control of the radiation source 13 ,
  • FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the flat detector 1 arranged behind the operating table 9 with a first surface 2 facing the radiation source 13. On the first surface 2 is the receiving unit 3, on which the projection image of the object to be examined can be seen.
  • Fig. 12 also shows the flat detector 1 in a Fig. 11 corresponding view behind the operating table 9.
  • the flat detector 1 is compared to the in
  • Fig. 11 illustrated state, however, now moved to the left.
  • the movement of the flat detector 1 is measured and tracked by sensors, for example by evaluation of a kinematic chain, navigation or an acceleration sensor, and an inverse movement is transmitted to the projection image.
  • the projection image on the recording unit 3 remains fixed in space.
  • the flat detector 1 can now be moved so intuitively that the fixed, incomplete projection image in the room shifts to the desired position within the detector.
  • this also means that a certain part 20 of the projection image can not be seen when moving the flat detector 1 and exists only as a virtual image.
  • 3D C-bends 14 which, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, instead of a conventional image detector, have installed the flat-panel detector 1 with display and operating functionality, it is also possible to dispense with the target volume in the middle of the method for aligning with the scanning center 18.
  • a fluoroscopy will be taken from an anterior-posterior position, which will image the focal volume.
  • the C-arm 14 can be moved into a lateral position and the target volume can be marked on the anterior-posterior fluoroscopy still displayed on the flat detector 1.
  • a fluoroscopy can be taken from a lateral position and the target volume can also be marked in it.
  • the scan center 18 can be determined using simple beam geometry. In this method eliminates the time consuming accurate positioning of the C-arm 14th
  • FIG. 13 shows, in a lateral view corresponding to FIG. 7, the operating table 9, wherein a three-axis robotic arm 21 is now fastened to the table leg 10, at the end of which the flat detector 1 is arranged.
  • the robot arm 21 and the flat detector 1 are moved in such a way that the flat detector 1 is arranged next to the operating table 9 at the same height as the operating table 9.
  • the flat detector 1 in turn comprises the display unit 3, which however is arranged in FIG. 13 on the side of the flat detector 1 facing the operating table 9.
  • the kinematics of the flat detector 1 can - if an input of the surgeon or an operator is expected - so moved under the operating table 9 that the surgeon can use it as an input device.
  • the operating unit 4 then points in the direction of the operating table 9 and is facing away from the floor 11.
  • the display property of the new flat detector 1 is - in contrast to the input property - available at any time.
  • an input is not technically possible, since the flat detector 1 moves below the operating table 9, but also not desirable because X-radiation impinges on the flat detector 1.
  • FIG. 14 the operating table 9 with the robot arm 21 and the flat detector 1 is shown in a representation rotated by 90 ° with respect to FIG.
  • the radiation source 13 is opposite to the flat detector 1 and is arranged to the right of the operating table 9, while the Fiachdetektor 1 is located on the left side of the operating table 9.
  • the display of the image data on external monitors can be omitted with the presented operating concept and thus help to make the operating room clearer.
  • the navigation of medical image data can be simplified by the multi-touch operation or the illustrated interface 5 for non-contact operation.
  • intra-operative imaging may be easier.
  • Known and established gestures from the operation of smartphones can be adapted for the interface 5 and make it much easier for the surgeon to handle the receiving device 12.
  • FIG. 15 in a view corresponding to FIG. 13, the operating table 9 with the robot arm 21 and the flat detector 1 is shown, the display unit 3 now pointing in the direction of the observer and thus facing away from the operating table 9.
  • FIG. 16 shows, in a view corresponding to FIG. 14, the arrangement shown in FIG. The display unit 3 is directed away from the operating table 9, while the first surface 2, on which the X-radiation impinges, faces the operating table 9.
  • the flat detector 1 can also be designed to be movable, ie detached from the robot arm 21.
  • the mobile flat-panel detector 1 with integrated display unit 3 makes it possible to adapt fluoroscopy, which is intuitive for physicians, to chemically generate fluoroscopy. In the adapted method, the film development time would be completely saved and the physician would see immediately after the irradiation where and how the patient was screened.
  • An additional integrated control unit detector 4 may further provide functionality to manipulate the display of the captured x-ray image, e.g. by zooming or rendering effects.
  • the flat detector 1 may in this case have the operating unit 4, but need not. On the display unit 3, a color coded output in dependence of the registered radiation can take place.
  • Such miniaturized flat-panel detectors 1 could e.g. be used for the investigation of scattered radiation of new devices or for visual radiation monitoring.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un détecteur de rayons (1) permettant de détecter un rayonnement (19), un dispositif de prise de vues (12) et un procédé permettant de reproduire un volume cible et d'enregistrer un centre de balayage (18) à l'intérieur du volume cible. Le détecteur de rayons comporte un corps de base comprenant une première surface (2) sensible au rayonnement à détecter (19) et une deuxième surface opposée à la première surface (2). Sur la première surface (2) ou directement sur la deuxième surface est agencée une unité d'affichage (3) qui permet l'affichage d'une représentation produite par le rayonnement détecté (19) et qui est perméable au rayonnement à détecter (19), pourvu que l'unité d'affichage (3) soit agencée sur la première surface (2).
PCT/EP2014/072262 2013-10-16 2014-10-16 Détecteur de rayons permettant de détecter un rayonnement, dispositif de prise de vues et procédé permettant de reproduire un volume cible et de déterminer un centre de balayage à l'intérieur du volume cible WO2015055785A1 (fr)

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DE201310221032 DE102013221032A1 (de) 2013-10-16 2013-10-16 Strahlendetektor zum Detektieren einer Strahlung, Aufnahmevorrichtung und Verfahren zum Abbilden eines Zielvolumens und zum Bestimmen eines Scanzentrums innerhalb des Zielvolumens
DE102013221032.9 2013-10-16

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WO2017210500A1 (fr) * 2016-06-03 2017-12-07 Covidien Lp Système chirurgical robotique à imageur intégré

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US6399951B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2002-06-04 Ut-Battelle, Llc Simultaneous CT and SPECT tomography using CZT detectors
US20030091156A1 (en) * 2001-11-15 2003-05-15 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc Automatically reconfigurable x-ray positioner
DE10344365A1 (de) * 2003-09-24 2005-05-04 Siemens Ag Röntgendetektor
DE102006059500A1 (de) * 2006-12-15 2008-07-03 Siemens Ag Röntgenuntersuchungsvorrichtung
WO2013072872A1 (fr) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de guidage d'imagerie à rayons x destiné à positionner un patient

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US6590958B2 (en) * 2001-11-15 2003-07-08 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology X-ray positioner having integrated display
DE102010018627A1 (de) 2010-04-26 2011-10-27 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Röntgensystem und Verfahren zur Generierung von 3D-Bilddaten

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6399951B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2002-06-04 Ut-Battelle, Llc Simultaneous CT and SPECT tomography using CZT detectors
US20030091156A1 (en) * 2001-11-15 2003-05-15 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc Automatically reconfigurable x-ray positioner
DE10344365A1 (de) * 2003-09-24 2005-05-04 Siemens Ag Röntgendetektor
DE102006059500A1 (de) * 2006-12-15 2008-07-03 Siemens Ag Röntgenuntersuchungsvorrichtung
WO2013072872A1 (fr) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de guidage d'imagerie à rayons x destiné à positionner un patient

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