WO2015055042A1 - 一种液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制装置 - Google Patents

一种液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015055042A1
WO2015055042A1 PCT/CN2014/084230 CN2014084230W WO2015055042A1 WO 2015055042 A1 WO2015055042 A1 WO 2015055042A1 CN 2014084230 W CN2014084230 W CN 2014084230W WO 2015055042 A1 WO2015055042 A1 WO 2015055042A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
control device
outlet
hydraulic excavator
energy recovery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/084230
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王振兴
李宗�
秦家升
费树辉
史继江
高见厂
孙本强
李志鹏
郑扬
Original Assignee
徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司
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Application filed by 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司 filed Critical 徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司
Priority to US15/024,901 priority Critical patent/US10287750B2/en
Priority to BR112016006723A priority patent/BR112016006723A2/pt
Publication of WO2015055042A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015055042A1/zh
Priority to ZA2016/02780A priority patent/ZA201602780B/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2217—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives with energy recovery arrangements, e.g. using accumulators, flywheels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/10—Supports for movable superstructures mounted on travelling or walking gears or on other superstructures
    • E02F9/12—Slewing or traversing gears
    • E02F9/121—Turntables, i.e. structure rotatable about 360°
    • E02F9/123—Drives or control devices specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2264—Arrangements or adaptations of elements for hydraulic drives
    • E02F9/2267—Valves or distributors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/027—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7058—Rotary output members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic return mechanism, a rotary energy recovery control device, It relates to a hydraulic excavator rotary energy recovery control device suitable for a hydraulic excavator having a hydraulic swing system.
  • Hydraulic excavators have a wide range of applications, high energy consumption, and strong cycle life. The characteristics of sex, research on the energy-saving technology of hydraulic excavators has great economic value and feasibility.
  • the conventional hydraulic excavator rotates during the swing start and deceleration brakes.
  • the dynamic and braking torque is determined by the relief pressure set by the rotary relief valve.
  • the flow rate provided by the hydraulic pump is greater than the flow required by the rotary motor.
  • the slewing start overflow loss is generated; during the swing braking process, the braking torque is generated by the reverse back pressure of the rotary relief valve to achieve the braking effect, thereby generating a brake overflow.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN101736771 A discloses a hydraulic digging Excavator rotary deceleration braking energy recovery system, the energy recovery system only recovers the swing brake overflow energy, and does not recover the swing start overflow energy; the public opening number is CN 102733442 A
  • the Chinese patent discloses a hydraulic excavator rotary energy recovery and utilization system. The system uses a three-position three-way reversing valve to recover the energy of the forward and reverse rotation respectively, but the response time of the reversing valve is bound to Affects the effect of energy recovery and swing performance; there are also devices that use energy storage devices such as accumulators or energy-utilizing devices such as hydraulic motors to establish back pressure during energy recovery. The built back pressure is not stable and will inevitably affect the performance of the excavator return system.
  • Hydraulic excavators have a wide range of applications, high energy consumption, and strong cycle life. The characteristics of sex, research on the energy-saving technology of hydraulic excavators has great economic value and feasibility.
  • the conventional hydraulic excavator rotates during the swing start and deceleration brakes.
  • the dynamic and braking torque is determined by the relief pressure set by the rotary relief valve.
  • the flow rate provided by the hydraulic pump is greater than the flow required by the rotary motor.
  • the slewing start overflow loss is generated; during the swing braking process, the braking torque is generated by the reverse back pressure of the rotary relief valve to achieve the braking effect, thereby generating a brake overflow.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic excavator rotary energy recovery control
  • the device is capable of automatically recovering the overflow energy of the swing start and brake process, and has little effect on the performance of the original system of the excavator when recovering energy.
  • the excavator rotary energy recovery control device comprises an oil path selection valve, a direction selection valve, a sequence valve, a check valve and a relief valve, wherein the two oil inlets of the oil path selection valve are respectively connected with the A and B of the swing motor mouth Connection, the oil outlet of the oil passage selection valve is connected with the inlet of the direction selection valve, and the outlet of the direction selection valve is connected with the inlet of the sequence valve
  • the drain port of the sequence valve is connected to the oil tank, and the outlet of the sequence valve and the inlet of the check valve are in communication with the overflow valve, and the outlet of the check valve is connected to an energy storage utilization device, and the overflow valve is The outlet is connected to the fuel tank.
  • the oil passage selection valve is a shuttle valve.
  • the oil passage selection valve may also be composed of two one-way valves.
  • the direction selection valve is an electromagnetic reversing valve Or hydraulically controlled reversing valve or electric proportional reversing valve or manual reversing valve.
  • the check valve may also be a logic valve having a reverse cut-off function.
  • the relief valve is mounted on the energy storage utilization device.
  • the device can recover the swing start overflow energy and the swing brake overflow energy, and the swing energy recovery control device can Recovering the swing start and brake overflow energy without affecting the original performance of the hydraulic excavator; using the oil path selection valve to the high pressure oil passage of the swing motor inlet and outlet ports The selection is made, the response is fast, and the structure is simple; the system back pressure is established by the sequence valve working pressure setting, and the sequence valve working pressure is set according to the original swing system overflow pressure, so that The performance of the swing system remains unchanged; the direction selection valve can be used to more easily enable or disable the energy recovery system, which facilitates automation.
  • the present invention can simultaneously realize the excavator through one device.
  • the recovery of the slewing start and brake overflow energy has changed the singularity of the existing excavator's rotary overflow energy recovery.
  • the device uses fewer components, simplifies the piping design, and plays an important role in overflow energy recovery. It has a very good effect, greatly reducing the waste of oil, saving costs and facilitating operation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention; wherein: 1 , oil path selection valve, 2, direction selection valve, 3, Sequence valve, 4, check valve, 5, relief valve.
  • the direction selection valve 2 is preferably the electromagnetic reversing valve. The case is stated as follows:
  • a hydraulic excavator rotary energy recovery control device including an oil path selection valve 1 and a direction selection valve 2 , sequence valve 3, one-way valve 4 and overflow valve 5; the two inlet ports of the shuttle valve are connected to port A and port B of the slewing motor respectively, and the oil outlet and electromagnetic reversing of the shuttle valve
  • the inlet of the valve is connected, the outlet of the electromagnetic directional control valve is connected to the inlet of the sequence valve 3, the drain port of the sequence valve 3 is connected with a fuel tank, and the outlet of the sequence valve 3 and the single
  • the inlet of the valve 4 is in communication with the relief valve 5, the outlet of the one-way valve 4 is connected to an energy storage utilization device, and the outlet of the relief valve 5 is connected to a fuel tank, the relief valve 5 Mounted on the energy storage or utilization device, the relief valve 5 is mounted on the energy storage device, which is compact and simple, and does not require additional connection devices.
  • the oil passage selection valve 1 may also be composed of two The one-way valve is composed of a high-pressure oil passage for selecting the inlet and outlet of the swing motor;
  • the direction selection valve 2 can also be replaced by a direction selection valve, electric proportional commutation Valve or manual reversing valve, its function is to enable or disable the swing energy recovery control device, which is convenient for automatic control;
  • the opening pressure and operating characteristics of the sequence valve 3 are similar to those of the original swing system overflow opening pressure and overflow pressure, which can ensure the addition. System performance does not decrease after entering the energy recovery control device;
  • the check valve 4 can select a logic valve with a reverse cut-off function. It is used to prevent damage or adverse effects on the system caused by the return of the recovered high pressure oil;
  • the function of the relief valve 5 is to limit the maximum pressure of the recovered oil and protect the system.
  • the working principle of the invention is:
  • the rotary energy recovery control device can be recycled back without affecting the original performance of the hydraulic excavator Turn start and brake overflow energy.
  • the direction selection valve 2 is opened, and when the swing is started, since the swing motor flow is smaller than the pump output flow, The inlet pressure of the swing motor will increase.
  • the high pressure oil of the swing motor is connected to the inlet of the sequence valve 3 through the oil passage selection valve 1 and the direction selection valve 2, when the high pressure oil pressure reaches the sequence valve 3
  • the sequence valve 3 is opened, and the excess high-pressure oil of the system flows through the sequence valve 3 and the one-way valve 4 to enter the energy storage device or the energy utilization device, and the swing motor starts torque from the sequence valve 3 Pressure guarantee; during rotary braking, the swing motor works in the pump working condition.
  • the swing motor outlet pressure rises, the inlet pressure decreases, and the swing motor outlet high pressure oil passes through the oil passage selection valve 1, the direction selection valve 2 and the sequence valve. 3
  • the inlet is connected.
  • the sequence valve 3 When the high pressure oil pressure reaches the set pressure of the sequence valve 3, the sequence valve 3 is opened, and the excess high pressure oil flows through the sequence valve 3 and the check valve 4 to enter the energy storage device or the energy utilization device.
  • the slewing motor braking torque is guaranteed by the sequence valve 3 pressure and the maximum recovery pressure of the unit is set by the relief valve 5.

Abstract

一种液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制装置，包括油路选择阀（1）、方向选择阀（2）、顺序阀（3）、单向阀（4）和溢流阀（5），油路选择阀（1）的两个进油口分别与回转马达的A口和B口连接，油路选择阀（1）的出油口与方向选择阀（2）的入口连接，方向选择阀（2）的出口与顺序阀（3）的入口连接，顺序阀（3）的泄油口连接有油箱，顺序阀（3）的出口以及单向阀（4）的入口与溢流阀（5）相连通，单向阀（4）的出口接能量存储利用装置，溢流阀（5）的出口接油箱。一个装置可以同时实现回转启动与制动溢流能量回收，元器件少，管路设计简化。

Description

一种液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制装置 Technical Field
本发明 涉及一 种液压回 转机构 回转能量 回收控 制装置 ，特 别涉及一种液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制装置，其适用于具有 液压回转系统的液压挖掘机。
 Background Art
液压挖掘机适用范围广泛，能量消耗大，工作具有强周期 性的特点，研究液压挖掘机的节能技术具有很大的经济价值和 可行性。传 统的液压挖掘机在回转启动和减速制动时，回转启 动和制动力矩由回转溢流阀设定的溢流压力决定，在回转启动 过程中，由于液压泵提供的流量大于回转马达需要的流量，因 而会产生回转启动溢流损失；在回转制动过程，由回转溢流阀 的反向背压产生制动力矩达到制动效果，因而会产生制动溢流 损失；溢流油液产生大量热能，引起挖掘机液压系统发热，降 低液压系统性能和寿命。由于挖掘机工作具有强周期性特点， 回转动作是一种十分频繁的动作，因此其所带来的能量损失十 分严重，将损失的能量进行回收再利用具有十分可观的经济效 益。
公开号为 CN101736771 A 的中国专利，公开了一种液压挖 掘机回转减速制动能量回收系统，该能量回收系统只回收回转制动溢 流 能量 ， 没有回 收 回转 启 动溢流 能 量 ； 公 开号 为 CN 102733442 A 的中国专利，公开了一种液压挖掘机回转能量回收利用系统，该系统采用三位三通换向阀分别对正向回转与反向回转的能量进行回收，但是换向阀的响应时间必然会影响能量回收的效果和回转性能；也有一些装置在能量回收时利用储能装置如蓄能器或能量利用装置如液压马达来建立背压，这种方式 建 立的 背压 并不 稳 定，必然 会影 响 挖掘 机回 转系 统 的 性能 。
Technical Problem
液压挖掘机适用范围广泛，能量消耗大，工作具有强周期 性的特点，研究液压挖掘机的节能技术具有很大的经济价值和 可行性。传 统的液压挖掘机在回转启动和减速制动时，回转启 动和制动力矩由回转溢流阀设定的溢流压力决定，在回转启动 过程中，由于液压泵提供的流量大于回转马达需要的流量，因 而会产生回转启动溢流损失；在回转制动过程，由回转溢流阀 的反向背压产生制动力矩达到制动效果，因而会产生制动溢流 损失；溢流油液产生大量热能，引起挖掘机液压系统发热，降 低液压系统性能和寿命。由于挖掘机工作具有强周期性特点， 回转动作是一种十分频繁的动作，因此其所带来的能量损失十 分严重 。
Technical Solution
本发明的目的是提供一种液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制 装置，其能对回转启动和制动过程的溢流能量自动回收，并且 在回收能量时对挖掘机原系统性能影响小。
为了解决上述问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种液压 挖掘机回转能量回收控制装置，包括油路选择阀、方向选择阀、 顺序阀、单向阀和溢流阀，所述油路选择阀的两个进油口分别 与回转马达的 A 口和 B 口 连接，油路选择阀的出油口与方向选 择阀 的 入口 连接 ，所 述 方向 选择 阀的 出 口与 顺序 阀的 入 口 连 接，顺序阀的泄油口连接有油箱，所述顺序阀的出口以及单向 阀的入口与溢流阀相连通，所述单向阀的出口接能量存储利用 装置，所述溢流阀的出口接油箱。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述油路选择阀为梭阀。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述油路选择阀也可以由两只单向阀组成。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述的方向选择阀为电磁换向 阀 或者液控换向阀或者电比例换向阀或者手动换向阀。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述单向阀也可以选用具有反 向截止功能的 逻辑阀。
作为本 发明的 进一步改 进 ， 所述 溢流阀安 装在能 量存储利用装置上。
 Advantageous Effects
本 装置对回转启动溢流能量和回转 制动溢流能量都可进行回收，而且本回转能量回收控制装置可 在不影响液压挖掘机原动作性能的前提下，回收回转启动和制 动溢流能量；采用油路选择阀对回转马达进出油口的高压油路 进行选择，响应快，结构简单；系统背压的建立靠顺序阀工作 压力调定，顺序阀工作压力根据原回转系统溢流压力设定，使 回转系统性能保持不变；加入方向选择阀，可以更方便的对能 量回收系统进行启用或关闭，利于实现自动化，本发明通过一 个装 置 就可 以同 时实 现 对挖 掘机 回转 启 动和 制动 溢流 能 量 的 回收，改变了现有挖掘机回转溢流能量回收的单一性，本装置 采用的元器件少，简化了管路设计，对于溢流能量回收起到了 很好的作用，大大减少了油量浪费，节约了成本，且利于操作。
Description of Drawings
图 1 为 本发明 的结构示 意图； 其中： 1 、 油路选择阀， 2 、 方向 选择阀， 3 、 顺序 阀， 4 、 单向阀， 5 、 溢流阀。
Best Mode
对于油 路选择阀 1 本案优 选梭 阀 ，方向选 择阀2 优选电磁 换向阀 来对本 案做如下陈述：
如图 1 所 示，一种液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制装置，包 括油路选择阀 1 、方向选择阀 2 、顺序阀 3 、单 向阀 4 和溢流 阀 5 ；所述 梭阀 的两个进 油口分 别与回转 马 达的 A 口和 B 口连 接 ，梭阀 的出 油口与电 磁换向 阀的入口 连接 ， 所 述电磁 换向阀 的出口 与顺 序阀 3 的入口 连接 ， 顺序阀 3 的 泄油 口连接有 油箱， 所述顺 序阀 3 的出口以 及单 向阀 4 的入口 与溢 流阀 5 相 连通， 所述单 向阀 4 的出口接 能量存 储利用装 置 ， 所述 溢流阀 5 的出 口接油箱，所述溢流阀 5 安装在能量存储或利用装置上，将溢 流阀 5 安 装在能量存储者利用装置上，其结构紧凑，简单，不需要额外的连接装置。
对于上 述实施 例中 ， 所述的 油路 选择阀 1 也可以 是由两只 单向阀组成，其作用是对回转马达进出油口的高压油路进行选择；
所述方向选择阀 2 也可以替换成方向选择阀、电比例换向 阀或者手动换向阀，其作用是启用或关闭回转能量回收控制装 置，便于实现自动控制；
所 述顺序阀 3 的开 启压力和工作特性与原回转系统溢流 开启压力和溢流压力特性近似，可以保证加 入能量回收控制装 置后系统性能不降低；
所述单向阀 4 可 以选用具有反向截止功能的逻辑阀，其作 用是防止回收的高压油回流对系统造成破坏或不良影响；
所述溢 流阀 5 的作用是 限制回 收油液的 最高压 力 ，保护系统 。
本发明的工作原理为： 本回转能量回收控制装置可在不影响 液压 挖 掘机原动作性能的 前提下 ，回收回 转启动 和制动溢 流能量 。在回转能量回 收控制 装置工作过程中 ，方向 选择阀 2 开启， 在回转启 动时， 由于回转马达流量小于泵输出流量，因 此回转马达入口压力会升高，此时回转马达入口高压油通过油路选择阀 1 、 方向选择 阀 2 与顺序阀 3 入口连通，当高压油压力达到顺序阀 3 调定压力时，顺序阀 3 打开，系统多余的高压油流经顺序阀 3 与 单向 阀 4 进入储能装置或能量利用装置，回转马达启动力矩由顺序阀 3 压力保证；在回转制动时，回转马达工作在泵工况，此时回转马达出口压力升高，入口压力减小，回转马达出口高压油通过油路选择阀 1 、 方向选择阀 2 与顺序阀 3 入口连通，当高压油压力达到顺序阀 3 调 定压力时，顺序阀 3 打 开，系统多余 高压油流经顺序阀 3 与单向阀 4 进入储能装置或能量利用装置 ， 回转马达制动力矩由顺序阀 3 压力保证，装置最大回收压力由溢流阀 5 调 定。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种液压 挖掘机回转 能量回 收控制装 置 ，其 特征在 于： 包括油 路选择 阀（ 1 ） 、方向 选择 阀 （2 ） 、顺 序 阀（ 3 ） 、单向阀 （ 4 ） 和溢流阀（ 5 ） ， 所述油路选择阀（ 1 ） 的两个进油口分别 与回转马达的 A 口和 B 口连接，油路选择阀（ 1 ） 的出油口与 方向选择阀（ 2 ） 的入口连接，所述方向选择阀（ 2 ） 的出口与 顺序阀（ 3 ） 的入口连接，顺序阀（ 3 ）的泄油口连接有油箱， 所述顺序阀（ 3 ） 的出口以及单向阀（ 4 ） 的入口与溢流阀（ 5 ） 相连通，所述单向阀（ 4 ） 的出口接能量存储利用装置，所述 溢流阀（ 5 ） 的出口接油箱。
  2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制 装置，其特征在于：所述油路选择阀（ 1 ）为梭阀。
  3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制 装置，其特征在于：所述油路选择阀（ 1 ） 由两只单向阀组成。
  4. 根据权利要求 1 至 3 任一项所述的液压挖掘机回转能 量回收控制装置，其特征在于：所述的方向选择阀（ 2 ） 为电 磁换向阀。
  5. 根据权利要求 1 至 3 任一项所述的液压挖掘机回转能 量回收控制装置，其特征在于：所述的方向选择阀（ 2 ） 为液 控换向阀。
  6. 根据权利要求 1 至 3 任一项所述的液压挖掘机回转能 量回收控制装置，其特征在于：所述的方向选择阀（ 2 ） 为电 比例换向阀。
  7. 根据权 利要求 1 至 3 任一项所述的 液压挖 掘机回转能 量 回收控制 装置， 其特征在 于：所 述的方向 选择阀 （ 2 ）为手 动换向阀。
  8. 根据权利要求 1 所 述的液压挖掘机回转能量回收控制 装置，其特征在于：所述溢流阀（ 5 ）安装在能量存储利用装 置上。
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