WO2015048872A1 - Method for conveying natural gas, composed of pneumatic capsules, and said pneumatic capsule - Google Patents

Method for conveying natural gas, composed of pneumatic capsules, and said pneumatic capsule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015048872A1
WO2015048872A1 PCT/BR2014/000363 BR2014000363W WO2015048872A1 WO 2015048872 A1 WO2015048872 A1 WO 2015048872A1 BR 2014000363 W BR2014000363 W BR 2014000363W WO 2015048872 A1 WO2015048872 A1 WO 2015048872A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
natural gas
pneumatic
transport
capsules
capsule
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2014/000363
Other languages
French (fr)
Portuguese (pt)
Inventor
Hélio José Pollastrini PISTELLI
Original Assignee
Pelz Construtores Associados Ltda
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2015048872A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015048872A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/002—Storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0176—Shape variable
    • F17C2201/018—Shape variable with bladders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
    • F17C2203/0685—Special properties of materials for vessel walls flexible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0192—Propulsion of the fluid by using a working fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/011—Barges
    • F17C2270/0113—Barges floating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of transporting natural gas and its capsule, the method of which is based on the use of multiple pneumatic capsules forming barges moved over the sea by tugboats.
  • This traditional transport model typically comprises a ship made up of high pressure tanks that are responsible for storing the gas in question.
  • the process of compressing or liquefying this gas in the case of short stretches (100km to 300km) is extremely energy efficient and is responsible for the high cost currently associated with natural gas transportation.
  • the compression method as well as the liquefaction method are installed on offshore platforms or near the production units, this often makes the implementation of these methods economically unfeasible.
  • the proposed method consists of a set of multiple flexible pneumatic capsules (Example: 40 units) forming a floating block to be towed and bring the contents for unloading in place. appropriate, carrying natural gas! no cooling or compression, only vented with minimal pressure into the capsules.
  • the present invention aims to reduce the logistic cost of the offshore wells natural gas chain by providing a method as well as a panatic layer for transporting natural gas (CNTP - normal temperature and pressure conditions), allowing the removal of gas in distant areas (without pipeline) not feasible for the LNG or CNG process.
  • CNTP natural gas
  • Figure 1 shows the pneumatic capsule (1) in perspective view.
  • Figure 2 shows a side sectional view of the pneumatic capsule (1) showing the positioning of the jacket or membrane (4) when the air storage compartment (5) is fully filled, and the ballast (13) can be observed. the balancing element.
  • Figure 3 shows a side sectional view of the air cap (1) being filled with gas (6) showing the natural gas valve (7) and the air inlet and outlet valve (8) as well as the valve (9) for ballast control (13).
  • Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the pneumatic capsule (1) with approximately 30% natural gas showing the displacement of the flexible jacket or membrane (4) when filled with natural gas.
  • Figure 5 shows a side sectional view of the pneumatic capsule (1) demonstrating a possible positioning of the condom or flexible membrane (4) and the natural gas (6) and air (5) compartments within said capsule (1).
  • Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the gas-filled pneumatic capsule (1) showing an example of hose supply (10).
  • Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the perspective gas transport method with multiple pneumatic caps (1) forming a structure (2) which is moved by a tug (3).
  • the invention relates to a method of transporting natural gas composed of pneumatic caps (1).
  • the capsules (1) are arranged side by side forming a unique structure (2) connected by cables or ropes, intertwined or not, or screens that allow all capsules (1) to be joined, forming a barge that floats at a small height. simply touch the water occasionally or when desired.
  • This structure (2) is in turn towed by cable (11) connected to tugs (3), responsible for moving and directing this composition.
  • caps (1) are supplied by a hose (10) with natural gas and may be interconnected and arranged externally to the pneumatic caps (1).
  • the pneumatic cap (1) is responsible for transporting natural gas into its natural gas compartment (6), and internal air compartment (5) to maintain constant internal pressure when it is empty or not completely filled with natural gas.
  • it has a network control method responsible for the management of gas levels, with valves (7 and 8).
  • the capsules (1) have control that regulates the gas levels of the same and ballast (13), acting as a self compensator for buoyancy variations and internal compensations for possible leakage.
  • This control has an integrated circuit that operates automatically by activating the valves (7, 8 and 9) capable of exchanging gases between the capsules, pumping natural gas into and out of the capsules (D-
  • Capsules are supplied by docking the pneumatic capsule assembly (1) in a production unit, filling station or a production lung that supplies these capsules with natural gas.
  • the control manages the distribution of natural gas to the capsules (1) by inflating the natural gas compartments (6) using valves (7, 8 and 9) and pumps.
  • the automatic control releases the air outlet from the air compartment (5) compensating the lift gain by pumping water to the ballast (13).
  • Shortage occurs by docking the pneumatic capsule assembly (1) in a receiving unit, receiving station, or a receiving lung that receives natural gas from the capsules.
  • the automatic control manages the emptying of natural gas (6) from the capsules (1) by inflating the air compartments (5) using the valves (8) and pump. At the same time automatic control releases the natural gas outlet from the housing (6) compensating for the loss of lift by pumping water out of the ballast (13).
  • the invention further comprises said pneumatic capsule (1) which is constructed of flexible material, which may be plastic and / or woven, or any other resistant material that supports pressure, containment and transport, with thickness varying according to the material employed. large in size, divided into compartments by jacket or flexible membrane (4) to separate air (5) and natural gas (6).
  • said pneumatic capsule (1) which is constructed of flexible material, which may be plastic and / or woven, or any other resistant material that supports pressure, containment and transport, with thickness varying according to the material employed. large in size, divided into compartments by jacket or flexible membrane (4) to separate air (5) and natural gas (6).
  • the flexible jacket or membrane (4) is made of flexible material and may be plastic and / or woven, or any other resistant material that supports pressure and containment. It is disposed internally in the pneumatic capsule (1), being responsible for separating the natural gas (6) and air (5) compartments.
  • the flexible jacket or membrane (4) is fixed to the middle (middle) of the capsule approximately half of the pneumatic capsule (1). Being flexible, the membrane (4) deforms according to the volumes of natural gas and air.
  • the compartments have valves (7 and 8) for supplying natural gas (6) and or air (5).
  • a control valve (9) is arranged for the ballast (13) which is the fundamental element for balancing the assembly.
  • Valves (7, 8 and 9) for natural gas supply (6), filling and emptying of air compartment (5) and ballast (13) will be valves already used in the natural gas transport market.
  • the invention is composed of one or more pneumatic capsules (1) responsible for carrying all the natural gas charged, tugs (3) responsible for the propelling force of the composition and maneuverability thereof and the towing cables ( 1 1) which are responsible for transmitting the pull of the tugs to the capsule assembly (1).
  • Figures 1 to 7 show the natural gas (6) and air (5) compartments of the pneumatic capsule (1), and the flexible jacket or membrane (4) dividing the compartments where the gas will be transported.
  • the air cap (1) when it is out of natural gas is full of air, as shown in figure 2.
  • the valve (8) that regulates the amount of air (5) is activated by letting the air out freeing up space for the natural gas compartment (6) to expand, as shown in figures 3, 4, 5 and 6.
  • the pneumatic capsule (1) tends to become lighter, and the ballast control valve (9) is activated and the water-powered ballast (13) stabilizes the pneumatic capsule (1). .
  • Valves for natural gas supply (7), filling and emptying of air compartment (8) and ballast (9) will be valves already used in the natural gas transport market.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for conveying natural gas and the respective capsule, which method is based on the use of multiple pneumatic capsules (1), forming a single structure (2), which are moved across the sea by tugs (3).

Description

Método para o transporte de gás natural composto por cápsulas pneumáticas e referida cápsula pneumática  Method for the transport of natural gas composed of pneumatic capsules and said pneumatic capsule
Campo da invenção Field of the invention
A presente invenção refere-se a um método de transporte de gás natural e respectiva cápsula, cujo método é baseado na utilização de múltiplas cápsulas pneumáticas, formando barcaças movimentadas sobre o mar por rebocadores.  The present invention relates to a method of transporting natural gas and its capsule, the method of which is based on the use of multiple pneumatic capsules forming barges moved over the sea by tugboats.
Estado da técnica  State of the art
Atualmente a indústria de gás e petróleo utiliza métodos compostos normalmente por navios que transportam o gás natural pressurizado ou em seu estado líquido. Esse método atual é representado pelas patentes US Currently the oil and gas industry uses methods typically composed of ships carrying pressurized or liquid natural gas. This current method is represented by US patents.
6339996, US 3566824, US 5803005 e US 5839383. 6339996, US 3566824, US 5803005 and US 5839383.
Esse modelo tradicional de transporte normalmente compreende um navio composto por tanques de alta pressão que são os responsáveis por estocar o gás em questão. O processo para comprimir ou liquifazer esse gás no caso de trechos curtos (100km a 300 km) é extremamente ineficiente energeticamente sendo responsável pelo alto custo atualmente relacionado com transporte de gás natural. O método de compressão assim como o de liquefação são instalados em plataformas marítimas ou perto das unidades produtoras, isso muitas vezes torna a implementação desses métodos inviável economicamente.  This traditional transport model typically comprises a ship made up of high pressure tanks that are responsible for storing the gas in question. The process of compressing or liquefying this gas in the case of short stretches (100km to 300km) is extremely energy efficient and is responsible for the high cost currently associated with natural gas transportation. The compression method as well as the liquefaction method are installed on offshore platforms or near the production units, this often makes the implementation of these methods economically unfeasible.
O método prosposto é composto por um conjunto de múltiplas cápsulas pneumáticas flexíveis (Exemplo: 40 unidades) formando um bloco flutuante para ser rebocado e levar o conteúdo para descarga em local apropriado, transportando o gás natura! sem resfriamento ou compressão, apenas ventilado com pressão ínfima para dentro das cápsulas. The proposed method consists of a set of multiple flexible pneumatic capsules (Example: 40 units) forming a floating block to be towed and bring the contents for unloading in place. appropriate, carrying natural gas! no cooling or compression, only vented with minimal pressure into the capsules.
Objetivo da Invenção Purpose of the Invention
A presente invenção tem como objetivo diminuir custo logístico da cadeia do gás natural dos poços offshore, oferencendo um método, bem como uma cápsula paneumática para transportar gás em estado natural (CNTP - condições normais de tempreratura e pressão), possibilitando a retirada de gás em áreas distantes (sem gasoduto) inviáveis para o processo de GNL ou de GNC.  The present invention aims to reduce the logistic cost of the offshore wells natural gas chain by providing a method as well as a panatic layer for transporting natural gas (CNTP - normal temperature and pressure conditions), allowing the removal of gas in distant areas (without pipeline) not feasible for the LNG or CNG process.
Breve descrição das figuras Brief Description of the Figures
A figura 1 apresenta a cápsula pneumática (1 ) em vista perspectiva. A figura 2 apresenta uma vista em corte lateral da cápsula pneumática (1 ) mostrando o posiocionamento da camisa ou membrana (4) quando o compartimento de armazenamento de ar (5) está totalmente abastecido, sendo possível ser observado o lastro (13) que é o elemento de equilíbrio.  Figure 1 shows the pneumatic capsule (1) in perspective view. Figure 2 shows a side sectional view of the pneumatic capsule (1) showing the positioning of the jacket or membrane (4) when the air storage compartment (5) is fully filled, and the ballast (13) can be observed. the balancing element.
A figura 3 apresenta uma vista em corte lateral da cápsula pneumática (1 ) sendo preenchida com o gás (6), mostrando a válvula (7) de gás natural e a válvula (8) para entrada e saída de ar, bem com a válvula (9) para controle do lastro (13).  Figure 3 shows a side sectional view of the air cap (1) being filled with gas (6) showing the natural gas valve (7) and the air inlet and outlet valve (8) as well as the valve (9) for ballast control (13).
A figura 4 apresenta uma vista em corte da cápsula pneumática (1 ) com aproximadamente 30% de gás natural, mostrando o deslocamento da camisa ou membrana flexível (4) quando abastecida de gás natural. A figura 5 apresenta uma vista em corte lateral da cápsula pneumática (1 ) demonstrando um possível posicionamento da camisinha ou membrana flexível (4) e os compartimentos de gás natural (6) e ar (5) dentro da referida cápsula (1 ). Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the pneumatic capsule (1) with approximately 30% natural gas showing the displacement of the flexible jacket or membrane (4) when filled with natural gas. Figure 5 shows a side sectional view of the pneumatic capsule (1) demonstrating a possible positioning of the condom or flexible membrane (4) and the natural gas (6) and air (5) compartments within said capsule (1).
A figura 6 apresenta uma vista em corte da cápsula pneumática (1 ) cheia de gás, demonstrando um exemplo de abastecimento através de mangueira (10).  Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the gas-filled pneumatic capsule (1) showing an example of hose supply (10).
A figura 7 apresenta uma vista perspectiva do método de transporte de gás perspectiva com múltiplas cápsulas pneumáticas (1 ) formando uma estrutura (2) a qual é movida por rebocador (3).  Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the perspective gas transport method with multiple pneumatic caps (1) forming a structure (2) which is moved by a tug (3).
Descrição detalhada da invenção Detailed Description of the Invention
O invento refere-se a um método de transporte de gás natural composto por cápsulas pneumáticas (1 ).  The invention relates to a method of transporting natural gas composed of pneumatic caps (1).
As cápsulas (1 ) são dispostas uma ao lado da outra formando uma estrutura (2) única ligada por cabos ou cordas, entrelaçadas ou não, ou telas que permitam unir todas as cápsulas (1 ), formando uma barcaça que flutua a pequena altura do mar de forma que simplesmente toque a água ocasonialmente ou quando desejado. Essa estrutura (2) por sua vez é rebocada por cabo (1 1 ) ligado a rebocadores (3), responsáveis por locomover e direcionar essa composição.  The capsules (1) are arranged side by side forming a unique structure (2) connected by cables or ropes, intertwined or not, or screens that allow all capsules (1) to be joined, forming a barge that floats at a small height. simply touch the water occasionally or when desired. This structure (2) is in turn towed by cable (11) connected to tugs (3), responsible for moving and directing this composition.
Essas cápsulas (1 ) são abastecidas por uma mangueira (10) com gás natural, podendo estar interligadas umas as outras e dispostas externamente à cápsula pneumática (1 ). A cápsula pneumática (1 ) é responsável por transportar o gás natural em seu compartimento de gás natural (6), e compartimento interno de ar (5) para manter a pressão interna constante quando estiver vazio ou não completamente abastecido de gás natural. Além disso, possui método de controle em rede responsável pela administração dos níveis de gases, dotado de válvulas (7 e 8). These caps (1) are supplied by a hose (10) with natural gas and may be interconnected and arranged externally to the pneumatic caps (1). The pneumatic cap (1) is responsible for transporting natural gas into its natural gas compartment (6), and internal air compartment (5) to maintain constant internal pressure when it is empty or not completely filled with natural gas. In addition, it has a network control method responsible for the management of gas levels, with valves (7 and 8).
As cápsulas (1 ) possuem controle que regula os níveis de gases da mesma e lastro (13), atuando como um auto compensador por variações de flutuabilidade e compensações internas por um possível vazamento. Esse controle é dotado de circuito integrado que opera automaticamente acionando as válvulas (7, 8 e 9) capazes de trocar gases entre as cápsulas, bombeando o gás natural para dentro e para fora das cápsulas (D- The capsules (1) have control that regulates the gas levels of the same and ballast (13), acting as a self compensator for buoyancy variations and internal compensations for possible leakage. This control has an integrated circuit that operates automatically by activating the valves (7, 8 and 9) capable of exchanging gases between the capsules, pumping natural gas into and out of the capsules (D-
O abastecimento das cápsulas se dá através do atracamento do conjunto de cápsulas pneumáticas (1 ) em uma unidade produtora, estação de abastecimento ou um pulmão de produção que abastece essas cápsulas com o gás natural. O controle administra a distribuição de gás natural para as cápsulas (1 ) inflando os compartimentos de gás natural (6) utilizando-se das válvulas (7, 8 e 9) e bombas. Concomitantemente o controle automático libera a saída de ar do compartimento de ar (5) compensando o ganho de sustentação bombeando água para o lastro (13). Capsules are supplied by docking the pneumatic capsule assembly (1) in a production unit, filling station or a production lung that supplies these capsules with natural gas. The control manages the distribution of natural gas to the capsules (1) by inflating the natural gas compartments (6) using valves (7, 8 and 9) and pumps. At the same time the automatic control releases the air outlet from the air compartment (5) compensating the lift gain by pumping water to the ballast (13).
O desabastecimento se dá através do atracamento do conjunto de cápsulas pneumáticas (1 ) em uma unidade receptora, estação de recepção ou um pulmão de recepção que recebe o gás natural do conjunto de cápsulas. O controle automático administra o esvaziamento de gás natural (6) das cápsulas (1 ) inflando os compartimentos de ar (5) utílizando-se das válvulas (8) e bomba. Concomitantemente o controle automático libera a saída de gás natural do compartimento (6) compensando a perda de sustentação bombeando água para fora do lastro (13). Shortage occurs by docking the pneumatic capsule assembly (1) in a receiving unit, receiving station, or a receiving lung that receives natural gas from the capsules. The automatic control manages the emptying of natural gas (6) from the capsules (1) by inflating the air compartments (5) using the valves (8) and pump. At the same time automatic control releases the natural gas outlet from the housing (6) compensating for the loss of lift by pumping water out of the ballast (13).
O invento compreende ainda a referida cápsula pneumática (1 ) que é construída de material flexível, podendo ser plástico e/ou tecido, ou ainda, qualquer outro material resistente que suporte a pressão, confinamento e transporte, com espessura variando conforme o material empregado, apresentando grande porte, sendo dividida em compartimentos por camisa ou membrana flexível (4), para separar o ar (5) e gás natural (6).  The invention further comprises said pneumatic capsule (1) which is constructed of flexible material, which may be plastic and / or woven, or any other resistant material that supports pressure, containment and transport, with thickness varying according to the material employed. large in size, divided into compartments by jacket or flexible membrane (4) to separate air (5) and natural gas (6).
A camisa ou membrana flexível (4) é constituída de material flexível podendo ser plástico e/ou tecido, ou ainda, qualquer outro material resistente que suporte a pressão e confinamento. Fica disposta internamente na cápsula pneumática (1 ), sendo responsável por separar os compartimento de gás natural (6) e ar (5). A camisa ou membrana (4) flexível é fixada na parte média (meio) da cápsula com dimensão aproximada de metade da cápsula pneumática (1 ). Por ser flexível, a membrana (4) se deforma de acordo com os volumes de gás natural e ar.  The flexible jacket or membrane (4) is made of flexible material and may be plastic and / or woven, or any other resistant material that supports pressure and containment. It is disposed internally in the pneumatic capsule (1), being responsible for separating the natural gas (6) and air (5) compartments. The flexible jacket or membrane (4) is fixed to the middle (middle) of the capsule approximately half of the pneumatic capsule (1). Being flexible, the membrane (4) deforms according to the volumes of natural gas and air.
Os compartimentos possuem válvulas (7 e 8) para abastecimento de gás natural (6) e ou de ar (5). Na parte inferior da cápsula pneumática (1 ) é disposta uma válvula de controle (9) para o lastro (13) que é o elemento fundamental para equilíbrio do conjunto. The compartments have valves (7 and 8) for supplying natural gas (6) and or air (5). In the lower part of the pneumatic capsule (1) a control valve (9) is arranged for the ballast (13) which is the fundamental element for balancing the assembly.
As válvulas (7, 8 e 9) para abastecimento de gás natural (6), enchimento e esvaziamento do compartimento de ar (5) e do lastro (13) serão válvulas já utilizadas no mercado de transporte de gás natural.  Valves (7, 8 and 9) for natural gas supply (6), filling and emptying of air compartment (5) and ballast (13) will be valves already used in the natural gas transport market.
Para melhor compreensão do invento, o mesmo é descrito fazendo referência às figuras que acompanham o relatório descritivo.  For a better understanding of the invention, it is described with reference to the accompanying figures of the specification.
Como apresentado nas figuras 1 a 7 o invento é composto por uma ou mais cápsulas pneumáticas (1 ) responsáveis por transportar todo o gás natural carregado, por rebocadores (3) responsáveis pela força propulsora da composição e manobrabilidade da mesma e os cabos de reboque (1 1 ) que são os responsáveis por transmitir a tração dos rebocadores para o conjunto de cápsulas (1 ).  As shown in figures 1 to 7 the invention is composed of one or more pneumatic capsules (1) responsible for carrying all the natural gas charged, tugs (3) responsible for the propelling force of the composition and maneuverability thereof and the towing cables ( 1 1) which are responsible for transmitting the pull of the tugs to the capsule assembly (1).
Nas figuras 1 a 7 é possível observar os compartimentos para gás natural (6) e ar (5) da cápsula pneumática (1 ), e a camisa ou membrana flexível (4) que divide os compartimentos onde o gás será transportado. A cápsula pneumática (1 ) quando está sem gás natural está cheia de ar, conforme ilustra a figura 2. Quando o abastecimento de gás natural começa, a válvula (8) que regula a quantidade de ar (5) é acionada deixando o ar sair do seu compartimento liberando espaço para o compartimento de gás (6) natural se expandir, conforme ilustram as figuras 3, 4, 5 e 6. Quando do abastecimento de gás natural a cápsula pneumática (1 ) tende a ficar mais leve, e a válvula de controle (9) do lastro (13) é ativada sendo o lastro (13) alimentado por água para estabilizar a cápsula pneumática (1 ). Figures 1 to 7 show the natural gas (6) and air (5) compartments of the pneumatic capsule (1), and the flexible jacket or membrane (4) dividing the compartments where the gas will be transported. The air cap (1) when it is out of natural gas is full of air, as shown in figure 2. When the natural gas supply starts, the valve (8) that regulates the amount of air (5) is activated by letting the air out freeing up space for the natural gas compartment (6) to expand, as shown in figures 3, 4, 5 and 6. When natural gas is supplied, the pneumatic capsule (1) tends to become lighter, and the ballast control valve (9) is activated and the water-powered ballast (13) stabilizes the pneumatic capsule (1). .
As válvulas para abastecimento de gás natural (7), enchimento e esvaziamento do compartimento de ar (8) e do lastro (9) serão válvulas já utilizadas no mercado de transporte de gás natural.  Valves for natural gas supply (7), filling and emptying of air compartment (8) and ballast (9) will be valves already used in the natural gas transport market.

Claims

Reivindicações Claims
1 - Método para o transporte de gás natural, caracterizado por ser composto de cápsulas pneumáticas (1 ), dispostas uma ao lado da outra, formando uma estrutura (2) única ligada por cabos ou cordas, entrelaçadas ou não, ou telas que permitam unir todas as cápsulas (1 ), formando uma barcaça.  Method for the transport of natural gas, characterized in that it is composed of pneumatic capsules (1), arranged side by side, forming a unique structure (2) connected by cables or ropes, intertwined or not, or screens that allow joining. all capsules (1) forming a barge.
2 - Método para o transporte de gás natural, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado pela estrutura (2) ser rebocada por cabo (1 1 ) ligado a rebocadores (3).  Method for the transport of natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure (2) is towed by a cable (11) connected to tugs (3).
3 - Método para o transporte de gás natural, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado pelas cápsulas (1 ) serem abastecidas por uma mangueira (10) com gás natural, podendo estar interligadas umas as outras e dispostas externamente à cápsula pneumática (1 ). Method for the transport of natural gas according to Claim 1, characterized in that the capsules (1) are supplied by a hose (10) with natural gas and may be interconnected and arranged externally to the pneumatic capsule (1). .
4 - Método para o transporte de gás natural, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado pela cápsula pneumática (1 ) ser responsável por transportar o gás natural em seu compartimento de gás natural (6), e compartimento interno de ar (5) para manter a pressão interna constante quando estiver vazio ou não completamente abastecido de gás natural. Method for the transport of natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that the pneumatic capsule (1) is responsible for transporting the natural gas in its natural gas compartment (6), and the internal air compartment (5) for keep internal pressure constant when empty or not completely filled with natural gas.
5 - Método para o transporte de gás natural, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por controle em rede administrar os níveis de gases sendo dotado de válvulas (7 e 8). 6 - Método para o transporte de gás natural, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado pelas cápsulas (1 ) possuir controle que regula os níveis de gases da mesma e lastro (13). Method for the transport of natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that the network control manages the gas levels with valves (7 and 8). Method for the transport of natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that the capsules (1) have a control that regulates the gas levels of the same and ballast (13).
7 - Método para o transporte de gás natural, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado por ser dotado de circuito integrado que opera automaticamente o acionando as válvulas (7, 8 e 9) capazes de trocar gases entre as cápsulas, bombeando o gás natural para dentro e para fora das cápsulas (1 ).  Method for the transport of natural gas according to Claim 1, characterized in that it has an integrated circuit which automatically operates the actuating valves (7, 8 and 9) capable of exchanging gases between the capsules, pumping natural gas. in and out of the capsules (1).
8 - Método para o transporte de gás natural, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado pelo abastecimento com o gás natural nas cápsulas (1 ) inflar os compartimentos de gás natural (5) utilizando-se das válvulas (7, 8 e 9) e bombas, concomitantemente liberando a saída de ar do compartimento de ar (6) compensando o ganho de sustentação bombeando água para o lastro (5).  Method for the transport of natural gas according to claim 1, characterized in that the natural gas supply in the capsules (1) inflates the natural gas compartments (5) using the valves (7, 8 and 9). and pumps, concomitantly releasing the air outlet from the air compartment (6) compensating for the lift gain by pumping water into the ballast (5).
9 - Método para o transporte de gás natural, de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado pelo desabastecimento do gás natural do conjunto de cápsulas inflando os compartimentos de ar (8) utilizando-se das válvulas (7 e 8) e bomba, concomitantemente o liberando a saída de gás natural do compartimento (7) compensando a perda de sustentação bombeando água para fora do lastro (5). Method for the transport of natural gas according to claim 1, characterized by the shortage of natural gas from the capsule assembly by inflating the air compartments (8) using the valves (7 and 8) and the pump, concomitantly the releasing the natural gas outlet from the housing (7) compensating for the loss of lift by pumping water out of the ballast (5).
10 - Cápsula pneumática, caracterizada por ser construída de material flexível, podendo ser plástico e/ou tecido, ou ainda, qualquer outro material resistente que suporte a pressão, confinamento e transporte, apresentando grande porte, sendo dividida em compartimentos por camisa ou membrana flexível (4), para separar o ar (5) e gás natural (6). 10 - Pneumatic capsule, characterized by being constructed of flexible material, which may be plastic and / or woven, or any other resistant material that supports pressure, containment and transport, presenting large, divided into compartments by jacket or flexible membrane (4), to separate air (5) and natural gas (6).
11 - Cápsula pneumática, de acordo com a reivindicação 10, caracterizada pela camisa ou membrana flexível (4), disposta internamente na cápsula pneumática (1 ).  Pneumatic capsule according to claim 10, characterized by the flexible jacket or membrane (4) disposed internally in the pneumatic capsule (1).
12 - Cápsula pneumática, de acordo com a reivindicação 10, caracterizada pela camisa ou membrana flexível (4) separar os compartimento de gás natural (6) e ar (5).  Pneumatic capsule according to Claim 10, characterized in that the flexible jacket or membrane (4) separates the natural gas (6) and air (5) compartments.
13 - Cápsula pneumática, de acordo com a reivindicação 10, caracterizada pela camisa ou membrana (4) flexível ser fixada na parte média (meio) da cápsula com dimensão aproximada de metade da cápsula pneumática (1 ).  Pneumatic capsule according to claim 10, characterized in that the flexible jacket or membrane (4) is fixed to the middle (middle) of the capsule with approximately half the pneumatic capsule size (1).
14 - Cápsula pneumática, de acordo com a reivindicação 10, caracterizada pela camisa ou membrana (4) flexível se deformar de acordo com os volumes de gás natural e ar.  Pneumatic capsule according to claim 10, characterized in that the flexible jacket or membrane (4) deforms according to the volumes of natural gas and air.
15 - Cápsula pneumática, de acordo com a reivindicação 10, caracterizada pelos compartimentos ser dotados de válvulas (7 e 8) para abastecimento de gás natural (6) e ou de ar (5).  Pneumatic capsule according to claim 10, characterized in that the compartments are provided with valves (7 and 8) for supplying natural gas (6) and or air (5).
16 - Cápsula pneumática, de acordo com a reivindicação 10, caracterizada pela cápsula pneumática (1 ) ser dotada de uma válvula de controle (9) para o lastro ( 3).  Pneumatic capsule according to Claim 10, characterized in that the pneumatic capsule (1) is provided with a control valve (9) for the ballast (3).
PCT/BR2014/000363 2013-10-04 2014-10-03 Method for conveying natural gas, composed of pneumatic capsules, and said pneumatic capsule WO2015048872A1 (en)

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WO1998014362A1 (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-04-09 Enron Lng Development Corp. Ship based gas transport system
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