WO2015045519A1 - Secondary battery and production method therefor - Google Patents

Secondary battery and production method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015045519A1
WO2015045519A1 PCT/JP2014/066172 JP2014066172W WO2015045519A1 WO 2015045519 A1 WO2015045519 A1 WO 2015045519A1 JP 2014066172 W JP2014066172 W JP 2014066172W WO 2015045519 A1 WO2015045519 A1 WO 2015045519A1
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Prior art keywords
active material
secondary battery
positive electrode
negative electrode
power generation
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PCT/JP2014/066172
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
卓哉 長谷川
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Necエナジーデバイス株式会社
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Publication of WO2015045519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015045519A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0585Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566Liquid materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0569Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a secondary battery and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • Patent Document 1 In the secondary battery of Patent Document 1, only the porosity of the positive electrode active material is specified, but the porosity of the negative electrode active material is not mentioned. Although there is a possibility that the permeability of the electrolytic solution is lowered depending on the porosity of the negative electrode active material, Patent Document 1 does not consider this point. Further, the operating voltage of the secondary battery is not taken into consideration, and the problem in the case of using a high dielectric electrolyte required when the operating voltage is high is not recognized.
  • the average porosity of the active material of the positive electrode and the active material of the negative electrode is specified, but since it is an average value, there should be a portion where the porosity is partially low or high. Is allowed. If there is a part with a low porosity, a part of the composition in the electrolytic solution (for example, lithium) may be deposited on the electrode at that part. Further, if a part with a high porosity is present partially, the part does not function sufficiently as a battery because the amount of the active material is small. Also in Patent Document 2, there is no particular recognition about the problem in the case of using a high dielectric electrolyte required when the operating voltage is high.
  • a high dielectric electrolyte solution required for a secondary battery having a high operating voltage has a problem of high static viscosity (unit cP).
  • Static viscosity is a numerical value representing the difficulty of movement of a substance in a liquid.
  • the charge / discharge of the secondary battery is determined by the ease of movement of metal ions (for example, lithium ions) in the electrolyte. That is, in a high static viscosity electrolytic solution used for a secondary battery having a high operating voltage, metal ions are difficult to move, and the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery may be degraded. Such problems are not particularly considered in Patent Documents 1 and 2.
  • Patent Document 1 mentions the kinematic viscosity (unit St) of the electrolytic solution, but the kinematic viscosity is a numerical value representing the difficulty of flowing of the liquid itself, and is different from the static viscosity.
  • the charge / discharge performance of the secondary battery is determined by the ease of movement of the metal ions in the electrolytic solution, and thus depends on the static viscosity and is not directly related to the kinematic viscosity. That is, a high dielectric electrolyte used for a secondary battery having a high operating voltage has a problem that metal ions in the liquid are difficult to move (high static viscosity) and deteriorate the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery. It is not recognized in any of 1 and 2.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, taking into account that the permeability of the electrolytic solution depends on the porosity of the negative electrode active material. And a secondary battery that solves the deterioration of the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery due to the high static viscosity of the high dielectric electrolyte used in the secondary battery having a high operating voltage It is in providing the manufacturing method.
  • the secondary battery of the present invention includes a power generation element in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are stacked with a separator interposed therebetween, and an exterior body that houses the power generation element and an electrolyte solution and has an outer peripheral portion sealed.
  • the electrolytic solution has a static viscosity at 25 ° C. of 4 cP or more and 30 cP or less.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode include a current collector and an active material applied to both or one side of the current collector. Each of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material has a porosity of 30% or more and less than 50%.
  • the active material is applied to both or one side of the current collector, and the active material applied to the current collector is pressed to make the porosity of the active material 30% or more as a whole.
  • the present invention it is possible to satisfactorily impregnate the electrode with the electrolytic solution while suppressing the deterioration of the charge / discharge characteristics, and it is possible to suppress the metal deposition on the electrode and the deterioration of the electrochemical characteristics.
  • FIG. 1 It is a schematic sectional drawing showing the basic structure of the laminated type secondary battery of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which expands and shows the positive electrode of the secondary battery shown in FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which expands and shows the negative electrode of the secondary battery shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the apparent density of the active material of the positive electrode of a secondary battery, and electrolyte solution penetration time. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the apparent density of the active material of the negative electrode of a secondary battery, and electrolyte solution penetration time.
  • the exterior body 5 of the present embodiment includes a pair of laminate films 5a and 5b. Specifically, the laminate films 5a and 5b positioned above and below so as to sandwich the power generation element 4 are joined to each other at the outer peripheral portion. . The laminate films 5a and 5b are bonded and sealed by a method such as welding. A power generation element 4 and an electrolytic solution 6 are accommodated in an exterior body 5 made of laminate films 5a and 5b.
  • FIG. 1 two types of electrodes (positive electrode 1 and negative electrode 2) are stacked via a separator 3 to form a stacked body (power generation element) 4, and this power generation element 4 is accommodated in an exterior body 5.
  • the exterior body 5 of the present embodiment includes a pair of laminate films 5a and 5b. Specifically, the laminate films 5a and 5b positioned above and below so as to sandwich the power generation element 4 are joined to each other at the outer peripheral portion. .
  • the laminate films 5a and 5b are bonded and sealed by a method such as welding.
  • each layer constituting the power generation element 4 a part of each layer constituting the power generation element 4 (a layer located at an intermediate portion in the thickness direction) is omitted, and the electrolytic solution 6 impregnated in the power generation element 4 is schematically illustrated.
  • the exterior body 5 it is also possible to form the exterior body 5 by bending one long laminate film to cover the power generation element 4 and joining the outer peripheral portions of the laminated laminate film.
  • the positive electrode 1 included in the power generation element 4 has a configuration in which the positive electrode active material 1b is applied to both surfaces (or only one surface) of the positive electrode current collector 1a as shown in FIG. 2a.
  • the negative electrode 2 has a configuration in which the negative electrode active material 2b is applied to both surfaces (or only one surface) of the negative electrode current collector 2a as shown in FIG. 2b.
  • the electrolyte solution 6 is impregnated with the positive electrode active material 1b and the negative electrode active material 2b.
  • the porosity of both the positive electrode active material 1b and the negative electrode active material 2b is set to 30% or more and less than 50%.
  • the electrolyte impregnation property of the electrode is good, and the deterioration of the cycle characteristics due to the deposition of metal (for example, lithium) or the like on the electrode surface and the capacity deterioration can be suppressed. This will be described below.
  • ⁇ Electrolyte 6 having a high static viscosity is used for a secondary battery having a high operating voltage.
  • an electrolyte 6 having a static viscosity of 4 cP or less at 25 ° C. can be used for a secondary battery having an average operating voltage of 3 V or more and less than 4 V (so-called 4 V type secondary battery), but the average operating voltage is 4 V or more and 5 V.
  • the electrolyte solution 6 having a high dielectric property and high static viscosity (static viscosity at 25 ° C. of about 20 cP) is used for a secondary battery of less than 5V (so-called 5V type secondary battery).
  • the metal ions (for example, lithium ions) in the electrolytic solution 6 are difficult to move, and the electrolytic solution 6 is the electrode 1, It becomes difficult to penetrate into the second active material 1b, 2b.
  • the metal ions in the electrolytic solution 6 are difficult to move, the charge / discharge performance of the battery is degraded.
  • a substance (for example, lithium) in the electrolytic solution 6 is deposited on the surfaces of the electrodes 1 and 2 as a metal, and has electrochemical characteristics such as cycle characteristics. Or drop.
  • the density of the electrolytic solution 6 is approximately 1.2 g / ml or more.
  • the present invention even when the static viscosity of the electrolytic solution 6 is high, sufficient charge / discharge performance can be obtained, and the active materials 1b and 2b of the electrodes 1 and 2 can be satisfactorily impregnated with the electrolytic solution 6. Therefore, attention was paid to the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b.
  • the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b By increasing the porosity, the amount of the electrolytic solution 6 held in the active materials 1b and 2b increases, and the amount of the electrolytic solution 6 that floats in the outer package 5 without being impregnated in the electrodes 1 and 2 decreases. Therefore, a part of the composition of the electrolytic solution 6 is deposited as a metal, and the capacity reduction associated therewith is suppressed.
  • the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b of the electrodes 1 and 2 is specified in order to solve the problem associated with the increase in the static viscosity of the electrolytic solution, which has not been noticed until now.
  • the electrolyte impregnation property is also improved.
  • the improvement of the electrolyte impregnation property is recognized while improving the charge / discharge performance as compared with the general configuration when the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b is approximately 30% or more.
  • the porosity is preferably less than 50%. That is, in the present invention, the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b of the electrodes 1 and 2 is preferably 30% or more and less than 50%.
  • the size of one hole in the active materials 1b and 2b is about 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and it is desirable that the holes are evenly dispersed in the active materials 1b and 2b. If the pores are partly aggregated, the reaction state is non-uniform and uneven, and a part of the electrolyte composition (for example, lithium) is deposited on the electrode or the cycle characteristics are deteriorated. In addition, if the electrode 1 or 2 has a part where the amount of the active material 1b or 2b is too small, the part may not sufficiently contribute to the generation of electric power.
  • the porosity should be 30% or more and less than 50% throughout the active materials 1b and 2b, in other words, the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b is less than 30%. It is preferable that no part or part having a porosity of 50% or more is present. And it is preferable that the porosity is always 30% or more and less than 50% on each surface of the active material or in any cross section.
  • the electrolyte 6 injected into the exterior body 5 is used as efficiently as possible. That is, as many metal ions as possible contained in the electrolytic solution 6 can be contributed to charge / discharge of the battery without being deposited as metal. Therefore, the present invention is particularly effective in a 5V type secondary battery in which the electrolytic solution 6 having a high static viscosity is used or a battery having a higher operating voltage.
  • a method for manufacturing the secondary battery will be described.
  • the negative electrode 2 in which the negative electrode active material 2b is applied to both sides (or one side) is manufactured.
  • a predetermined amount of the positive electrode active material 1b is applied to the positive electrode current collector 1a.
  • the positive electrode active material 1b on the positive electrode current collector 1a is pressed at an appropriate pressure, so that the porosity is made 30% or more and less than 50% throughout the positive electrode active material 1b as described above.
  • the negative electrode active material 2b is pressed so that the porosity is 30% or more and less than 50% throughout.
  • the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 manufactured in this manner are alternately stacked via the separator 3 to form a stacked body (power generation element) 4.
  • the number of layers of the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 to be stacked is determined according to the use of the secondary battery.
  • a pair of laminate films 5 a and 5 b are arranged so as to sandwich the power generation element 4, and the laminate films 5 a and 5 b are overlapped with each other outside the power generation element 4. And the outer peripheral part of the laminated film 5a, 5b which overlaps is mutually joined by welding etc. except the part used as the liquid injection port which is not shown in figure.
  • a pair of electrode terminals 9 and 10 are connected to the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2, respectively, and extend to the outside of the exterior body 5. Therefore, the portions through which the electrode terminals 9 and 10 pass are not directly welded to the laminate films 5a and 5b. However, the laminate films 5a and 5b are substantially bonded to each other around the electrode terminals 9 and 10. It is sealed without gaps.
  • the electrolytic solution 6 is injected from the liquid injection port into the exterior body 5 in a state where the power generation element 4 is accommodated in the sealed exterior body 5 except for the liquid injection port.
  • the unbonded portions of the outer peripheral portions of the laminate films 5a and 5b are joined to each other by welding or the like so as to seal the liquid injection port of the outer package 5 containing the power generation element 4 and the electrolyte 6. Thereby, the outer package 5 is sealed over the entire circumference.
  • the electrolytic solution 6 injected into the exterior body 5 is well impregnated (absorbed) into the positive electrode active material 1b and the negative electrode active material 2b. ) Is desirable. If the impregnation property is poor, the time required to sufficiently impregnate the electrolytic solution 6 becomes long, and the productivity is deteriorated.
  • one drop (about 0.1 ⁇ l) of an electrolytic solution 6 having a static viscosity of 23 cP at 25 ° C. is dropped into the outer package 5 and completely penetrates into the positive electrode 1 (impregnated). And the result of measuring the time until it is judged visually.
  • the porosity was 36.57% (apparent density 2.56 g / cm 3 ), 34.13% (apparent density 2.65 g / cm 3 ), 32.1% (apparent density) the positive electrode having a positive electrode active material 1b of density 2.73 g / cm 3), 29.23% (density of 2.85 g / cm 3 apparent), 26.47% (density of 2.96 g / cm 3 apparent) 6 pieces of 1 were prepared for each of 30 positive electrodes 1 in total.
  • the porosity of the positive electrode active material 1b is 30% or more, the permeation time is 120 seconds or less, and it can be said that the impregnation property is good.
  • the graph of FIG. 3 shows the average of the permeation time of the six positive electrodes 1 having the positive electrode active materials 1b having the same porosity.
  • FIG. 4 a similar experiment was conducted with a porosity of 39.69% (apparent density 1.30 g / cm 3 ), 35.25% (apparent density 1.40 g / cm 3 ), 30.
  • Six negative electrodes 2 each having 64% (apparent density 1.50 g / cm 3 ) of the negative electrode active material 2b were prepared, and a total of 18 negative electrodes 2 were prepared.
  • the porosity of the negative electrode active material 2b is larger, the permeation time tends to be shorter.
  • the graph of FIG. 4 shows the average of the permeation time of the six negative electrodes 2 having the negative electrode active material 2b having the same porosity.
  • the porosity means the ratio of the volume of vacancies existing in and on the surface of the substance to the total volume of the substance. Therefore, in a substance having the same volume, the higher the porosity, the more pores, the smaller the amount of the substance itself, and the smaller the mass. On the other hand, since the density is the mass per unit volume, it is considered that the substance of the same volume has a larger amount of the substance itself and a smaller number of pores as the apparent density is higher. Thus, when the porosity is high, the apparent density is low, and when the porosity is low, the apparent density is high.
  • the relationship between the apparent density and the porosity is not the same between the positive electrode active material 1b shown in FIG. 3 and the negative electrode active material 2b shown in FIG. This is because the material of the positive electrode active material 1b and the material of the negative electrode active material 2b are different and the true densities are different. That is, even with the same porosity, an active material made of a material having a high true density has a high apparent density, and an active material made of a material having a low true density has a low apparent density. Therefore, the apparent density necessary to obtain a desired porosity in the present invention can be calculated based on the true density of the active material.
  • the apparent density obtained based on such calculation is obtained.
  • the apparent density may be 2.6 g / cm 3 .
  • the area of the part to which the active material of the current collector is applied is 10,000 mm 2
  • 3.1 g of the active material (material) is applied to this part and pressed to a thickness of 0.12 mm.
  • the apparent density is 2.6 g / cm 3 and a porosity of 35% is achieved.
  • the active material is a mixture of a plurality of materials
  • the above-described calculation may be performed after obtaining the true density of the mixture itself by adding the products of the true density and the mixing rate of each material.
  • the positive electrode active material 1b of the positive electrode 1 of the present invention for example, LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiNi (1-x) CoO 2 , LiNi x (CoAl) (1-x) O 2 , Li 2 MO 3 —LiMO 2 , layered oxide materials such as LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 , LiMn (2-x) M x O spinel type material such as 4, olivine-based material such as LiMPO 4, Li 2 MPO 4 F, fluoride olivine-based material, such as Li 2 MSiO 4 F, vanadium oxide-based materials such as V 2 O 5, and these 1 type of these, or a mixture of 2 or more types can be used.
  • carbon materials such as graphite, amorphous carbon, diamond-like carbon, fullerene, carbon nanotube, and carbon nanohorn, lithium metal materials, alloy materials such as silicon and tin, Nb 2 O 5 and TiO 2 are used.
  • An oxide-based material such as these, or a composite thereof can be used.
  • the positive electrode active material 1b and the negative electrode active material 2b can be appropriately added with a binder, a conductive auxiliary agent, and the like.
  • a conductive auxiliary agent one or more of carbon black, carbon fiber, graphite and the like are used. Can be used.
  • the binder polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethylcellulose, modified acrylonitrile rubber particles, and the like can be used.
  • positive electrode current collector 1a aluminum, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, or an alloy thereof can be used, and aluminum is particularly preferable.
  • negative electrode current collector 2a copper, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, or an alloy thereof can be used.
  • the electrolyte 6 includes cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC). ), Etc., aliphatic carboxylic acid esters, ⁇ -lactones such as ⁇ -butyrolactone, chain ethers, cyclic ethers, organic solvents such as fluorine compounds, or Two or more kinds of mixtures can be used, and lithium salts and functional additives can be dissolved in these organic solvents.
  • cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC).
  • Etc. aliphatic carboxylic acid esters,
  • the resin component of the separator 3 examples include a porous film, a woven fabric, and a nonwoven fabric.
  • a polyolefin resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a styrene resin, or a nylon resin can be used.
  • a polyolefin-based microporous membrane is preferable because of its excellent ion permeability and performance of physically separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • the separator 3 may be formed with a layer containing inorganic particles, and examples of the inorganic particles include insulating oxides, nitrides, sulfides, carbides, etc. It is preferable to contain TiO 2 or Al 2 O 3 . In terms of improving the impregnation property of the electrolytic solution 6, it is preferable to select a material that reduces the contact angle between the electrolytic solution 6 and the separator 3.
  • the laminate films 5a and 5b constituting the exterior body 5 those in which a resin layer is provided on the front and back surfaces of a metal layer serving as a base material can be used.
  • a metal layer having a barrier property such as prevention of leakage of electrolyte solution or entry of moisture from the outside can be selected, and aluminum, stainless steel, or the like can be used.
  • a heat-fusible resin layer such as a modified polyolefin is provided.
  • the heat-sealing resin layers of the laminate films 5a and 5b are opposed to each other, and the outer container is formed by heat-sealing the periphery of the portion that houses the electrode laminate.
  • a resin layer such as a nylon film or a polyester film can be provided on the surface of the exterior body that is the surface opposite to the surface on which the heat-fusible resin layer is formed.
  • the present invention is useful for the production of an electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery and the production of a lithium ion secondary battery using the electrode, but it is also effective when applied to a secondary battery other than a lithium ion battery.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a secondary battery having a so-called laminated power generation element 4 formed by alternately and repeatedly laminating a plurality of positive electrodes 1 and a plurality of negative electrodes 2 with separators 3 interposed therebetween. is doing.
  • one long positive electrode 1 and one long negative electrode are laminated via a long separator 3, and the laminated positive electrode 1, separator 3 and negative electrode 2 are integrally wound.
  • the present invention can also be applied to a secondary battery having a so-called wound type power generation element 4 formed by doing so.
  • the laminated power generation element 4 instead of preparing a plurality of separators 3 sandwiched between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2, one long separator 3 is provided for each length corresponding to the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2. It is also possible to interpose between each positive electrode 1 and each negative electrode 2 by being alternately folded. That is, a configuration may be adopted in which a plurality of bag-like portions are formed by alternately folding the long separator 3 every predetermined length, and the positive electrode 1 or the negative electrode 2 is accommodated in each bag-like portion.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract

A secondary battery having: a power generation element (4) having positive electrodes (1) and negative electrodes (2) laminated therein, via separators (3); and an outer case (5) housing the power generation element (4) and an electrolyte (6), and having the outer circumference thereof sealed. The electrolyte (6) has a static viscosity at 25°C of 4-30 cP. The positive electrodes (1) and negative electrodes (2) include collectors (1a, 2a) and active substances (1b, 2b) coated on one or both surfaces of the collectors (1a, 2a). Both the active substance (1b) for the positive electrodes (1) and the active substance (2b) for negative electrodes (2) have an overall porosity of at least 30% but less than 50%.

Description

二次電池とその製造方法Secondary battery and manufacturing method thereof
 本発明は二次電池とその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a secondary battery and a manufacturing method thereof.
 様々な電子機器等の電源として、正極と負極とがセパレータを介して積層された発電要素が電解液とともに外装体に収容された構成の二次電池が用いられている。このような二次電池の例が特許文献1,2に記載されている。特許文献1の二次電池では、正極の活物質(合剤層)の空孔率が規定されている。特許文献2の二次電池では、正極の活物質と負極の活物質の平均空隙率が規定されている。 2. Description of the Related Art Secondary batteries having a configuration in which a power generation element in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are stacked via a separator are housed in an outer package together with an electrolyte are used as a power source for various electronic devices. Examples of such secondary batteries are described in Patent Documents 1 and 2. In the secondary battery of Patent Document 1, the porosity of the positive electrode active material (mixture layer) is specified. In the secondary battery of Patent Document 2, the average porosity of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material is defined.
特開2012-138322号公報JP 2012-138322 A 特開2003-272609号公報JP 2003-272609 A
 特許文献1の二次電池では、正極の活物質の空孔率のみが規定されているが、負極の活物質の空孔率については言及されていない。負極の活物質の空孔率によって電解液の浸透性が低下する可能性があるが、特許文献1ではその点について考慮されていない。また、二次電池の動作電圧については考慮されておらず、動作電圧が高い場合に要求される高誘電性の電解液を用いる場合の問題点について認識されていない。 In the secondary battery of Patent Document 1, only the porosity of the positive electrode active material is specified, but the porosity of the negative electrode active material is not mentioned. Although there is a possibility that the permeability of the electrolytic solution is lowered depending on the porosity of the negative electrode active material, Patent Document 1 does not consider this point. Further, the operating voltage of the secondary battery is not taken into consideration, and the problem in the case of using a high dielectric electrolyte required when the operating voltage is high is not recognized.
 特許文献2の二次電池では、正極の活物質と負極の活物質の平均空隙率が規定されているが、平均値であるため、部分的に空隙率が低い個所や高い個所が存在することを許容している。部分的に空隙率が低い個所が存在すると、その個所において電解液中の組成の一部(例えばリチウム)が電極上に析出する可能性がある。また、部分的に空隙率が高い個所が存在すると、その個所では活物質の量が少ないため電池として十分に機能しない。そして、特許文献2においても、動作電圧が高い場合に要求される高誘電性の電解液を用いる場合の問題点について特に認識されていない。 In the secondary battery of Patent Document 2, the average porosity of the active material of the positive electrode and the active material of the negative electrode is specified, but since it is an average value, there should be a portion where the porosity is partially low or high. Is allowed. If there is a part with a low porosity, a part of the composition in the electrolytic solution (for example, lithium) may be deposited on the electrode at that part. Further, if a part with a high porosity is present partially, the part does not function sufficiently as a battery because the amount of the active material is small. Also in Patent Document 2, there is no particular recognition about the problem in the case of using a high dielectric electrolyte required when the operating voltage is high.
 特許文献1,2では考慮されていないが、動作電圧が高い(例えば4V以上の)二次電池に要求される高誘電性の電解液は、静粘度(単位cP)が高いという問題がある。静粘度とは、液体中の物質の動きにくさを表す数値である。そして、二次電池の充放電は、電解液中の金属イオン(例えばリチウムイオン)の動き易さによって性能が決まる。すなわち、動作電圧の高い二次電池に用いられる静粘度の高い電解液は金属イオンが動きにくく、電池の充放電の特性を低下させるおそれがある。このような問題について、特許文献1,2では特に考慮されていない。 Although not taken into account in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a high dielectric electrolyte solution required for a secondary battery having a high operating voltage (for example, 4 V or more) has a problem of high static viscosity (unit cP). Static viscosity is a numerical value representing the difficulty of movement of a substance in a liquid. The charge / discharge of the secondary battery is determined by the ease of movement of metal ions (for example, lithium ions) in the electrolyte. That is, in a high static viscosity electrolytic solution used for a secondary battery having a high operating voltage, metal ions are difficult to move, and the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery may be degraded. Such problems are not particularly considered in Patent Documents 1 and 2.
 特許文献1には電解液の動粘度(単位St)について言及されているが、動粘度は液体自体の流動しにくさを表す数値であり、静粘度とは異なる。そして、前記したように二次電池の充放電の性能は電解液中の金属イオンの動き易さによって決まるのであるから、静粘度に左右され、動粘度とは直接関連しない。すなわち、動作電圧が高い二次電池に用いられる高誘電性の電解液は、液体中の金属イオンが動きにくく(静粘度が高く)、電池の充放電の特性を悪化させるという問題は、特許文献1,2のいずれにおいても認識されていない。 Patent Document 1 mentions the kinematic viscosity (unit St) of the electrolytic solution, but the kinematic viscosity is a numerical value representing the difficulty of flowing of the liquid itself, and is different from the static viscosity. As described above, the charge / discharge performance of the secondary battery is determined by the ease of movement of the metal ions in the electrolytic solution, and thus depends on the static viscosity and is not directly related to the kinematic viscosity. That is, a high dielectric electrolyte used for a secondary battery having a high operating voltage has a problem that metal ions in the liquid are difficult to move (high static viscosity) and deteriorate the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery. It is not recognized in any of 1 and 2.
 本発明の目的は、電解液の浸透性が負極の活物質の空孔率に左右されることを考慮した上で、上述した課題である、電極に部分的に空隙率が低い個所や高い個所が存在する可能性があることと、動作電圧が高い二次電池に用いられる高誘電性の電解液の静粘度が高いために電池の充放電の特性が悪化することを解決する二次電池とその製造方法を提供することにある。 The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, taking into account that the permeability of the electrolytic solution depends on the porosity of the negative electrode active material. And a secondary battery that solves the deterioration of the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery due to the high static viscosity of the high dielectric electrolyte used in the secondary battery having a high operating voltage It is in providing the manufacturing method.
 本発明の二次電池は、正極と負極がセパレータを介して積層されている発電要素と、発電要素と電解液とを収容し外周部が封止されている外装体とを有する。電解液は25℃における静粘度が4cP以上かつ30cP以下である。正極と負極は、集電体と、集電体の両面または片面に塗布された活物質とを含む。正極の活物質と負極の活物質はそれぞれ、全体にわたって30%以上かつ50%未満の空孔率を有している。 The secondary battery of the present invention includes a power generation element in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are stacked with a separator interposed therebetween, and an exterior body that houses the power generation element and an electrolyte solution and has an outer peripheral portion sealed. The electrolytic solution has a static viscosity at 25 ° C. of 4 cP or more and 30 cP or less. The positive electrode and the negative electrode include a current collector and an active material applied to both or one side of the current collector. Each of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material has a porosity of 30% or more and less than 50%.
 本発明の二次電池の製造方法は、集電体の両面または片面に活物質を塗布し、集電体に塗布された活物質を押圧して活物質の空孔率を全体にわたって30%以上かつ50%未満にする、電極形成工程と、電極形成工程によって形成した電極を正極および負極として用い、正極と負極とを、セパレータを介して積層する、発電要素形成工程と、発電要素と、25℃における静粘度が4cP以上かつ30cP以下の電解液とを、外装体の内部に収容する収容工程と、発電要素と電解液とを収容した外装体の外周部を封止する封止工程とを含む。 In the method for producing a secondary battery of the present invention, the active material is applied to both or one side of the current collector, and the active material applied to the current collector is pressed to make the porosity of the active material 30% or more as a whole. And an electric power generation element forming step of using the electrode forming step, the electrode formed by the electrode forming step as a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and laminating the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a separator, A housing step of housing an electrolytic solution having a static viscosity at 4 ° C. of 4 cP or more and 30 cP or less in the exterior body, and a sealing step of sealing an outer peripheral portion of the exterior body housing the power generation element and the electrolytic solution. Including.
 本発明によると、充放電特性の低下を抑えつつ、電解液を電極に良好に含浸させることができ、電極への金属の析出や電気化学特性の低下を抑えることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to satisfactorily impregnate the electrode with the electrolytic solution while suppressing the deterioration of the charge / discharge characteristics, and it is possible to suppress the metal deposition on the electrode and the deterioration of the electrochemical characteristics.
本発明の積層型の二次電池の基本構造を表す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing showing the basic structure of the laminated type secondary battery of this invention. 図1に示す二次電池の正極を拡大して示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which expands and shows the positive electrode of the secondary battery shown in FIG. 図1に示す二次電池の負極を拡大して示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which expands and shows the negative electrode of the secondary battery shown in FIG. 二次電池の正極の活物質の見かけ上の密度と電解液浸透時間の関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the apparent density of the active material of the positive electrode of a secondary battery, and electrolyte solution penetration time. 二次電池の負極の活物質の見かけ上の密度と電解液浸透時間の関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the apparent density of the active material of the negative electrode of a secondary battery, and electrolyte solution penetration time.
 以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
 まず、本発明において製造される二次電池の基本構造について説明する。図1に示すように、2種類の電極(正極1および負極2)がセパレータ3を介して積層されて積層体(発電要素)4が構成され、この発電要素4が外装体5内に収容されている。本実施形態の外装体5は1対のラミネートフィルム5a,5bからなり、具体的には、発電要素4を挟み込むように上下に位置するラミネートフィルム5a,5bが、外周部において互いに接合されている。ラミネートフィルム5a,5b同士は、溶着等の方法で接合されて封止されている。ラミネートフィルム5a,5bからなる外装体5の内部に、発電要素4と電解液6が収容されている。図1では、発電要素4を構成する各層の一部(厚さ方向の中間部に位置する層)を図示省略して、発電要素4に含浸される電解液6を模式的に示している。なお、長尺の1枚のラミネートフィルムを折り曲げて発電要素4を覆い、折り重なったラミネートフィルムの外周部を互いに接合することによって外装体5を形成することも可能である。 First, the basic structure of the secondary battery manufactured in the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, two types of electrodes (positive electrode 1 and negative electrode 2) are stacked via a separator 3 to form a stacked body (power generation element) 4, and this power generation element 4 is accommodated in an exterior body 5. ing. The exterior body 5 of the present embodiment includes a pair of laminate films 5a and 5b. Specifically, the laminate films 5a and 5b positioned above and below so as to sandwich the power generation element 4 are joined to each other at the outer peripheral portion. . The laminate films 5a and 5b are bonded and sealed by a method such as welding. A power generation element 4 and an electrolytic solution 6 are accommodated in an exterior body 5 made of laminate films 5a and 5b. In FIG. 1, a part of each layer constituting the power generation element 4 (a layer located at an intermediate portion in the thickness direction) is omitted, and the electrolytic solution 6 impregnated in the power generation element 4 is schematically illustrated. In addition, it is also possible to form the exterior body 5 by bending one long laminate film to cover the power generation element 4 and joining the outer peripheral portions of the laminated laminate film.
 この発電要素4に含まれる正極1は、図2aに示すように、正極集電体1aの両面(または片面のみであってもよい)に正極活物質1bが塗布された構成である。同様に、負極2は、図2bに示すように、負極集電体2aの両面(または片面のみであってもよい)に負極活物質2bが塗布された構成である。そして、外装体5の内部において、電解液6は、正極活物質1bと負極活物質2bに含浸される。本発明では、正極活物質1bと負極活物質2bの両方の空孔率が30%以上かつ50%未満に設定されている。それにより、電極の電解液含浸性が良好であり、電極表面への金属(例えばリチウム)等の析出や容量劣化によるサイクル特性の低下が抑えられる。この点について以下に説明する。 The positive electrode 1 included in the power generation element 4 has a configuration in which the positive electrode active material 1b is applied to both surfaces (or only one surface) of the positive electrode current collector 1a as shown in FIG. 2a. Similarly, the negative electrode 2 has a configuration in which the negative electrode active material 2b is applied to both surfaces (or only one surface) of the negative electrode current collector 2a as shown in FIG. 2b. And in the exterior body 5, the electrolyte solution 6 is impregnated with the positive electrode active material 1b and the negative electrode active material 2b. In the present invention, the porosity of both the positive electrode active material 1b and the negative electrode active material 2b is set to 30% or more and less than 50%. Thereby, the electrolyte impregnation property of the electrode is good, and the deterioration of the cycle characteristics due to the deposition of metal (for example, lithium) or the like on the electrode surface and the capacity deterioration can be suppressed. This will be described below.
 動作電圧が高い二次電池には静粘度の高い電解液6が用いられる。例えば平均動作電圧が3V以上4V未満の二次電池(いわゆる4V型二次電池)には、25℃における静粘度が4cP以下の電解液6が使用可能であるが、平均動作電圧が4V以上5V未満の二次電池(いわゆる5V型二次電池)には、高誘電性で静粘度が高い(25℃における静粘度が20cP程度の)電解液6が用いられる。このように、動作電圧の上昇に伴って静粘度の高い電解液6が用いられるようになると、電解液6中の金属イオン(例えばリチウムイオン)が動きにくくなるとともに、電解液6が電極1,2の活物質1b,2bに浸透しにくくなる。電解液6中の金属イオンが動きにくくなると、電池の充放電の性能が低下する。また、電解液6が活物質1b,2bに十分に含浸されないと、電解液6中の物質(例えばリチウム)が金属として電極1,2の表面に析出したり、サイクル特性などの電気化学特性が低下したりする。電解液6の密度は、概ね1.2g/ml以上である。 ¡Electrolyte 6 having a high static viscosity is used for a secondary battery having a high operating voltage. For example, an electrolyte 6 having a static viscosity of 4 cP or less at 25 ° C. can be used for a secondary battery having an average operating voltage of 3 V or more and less than 4 V (so-called 4 V type secondary battery), but the average operating voltage is 4 V or more and 5 V. The electrolyte solution 6 having a high dielectric property and high static viscosity (static viscosity at 25 ° C. of about 20 cP) is used for a secondary battery of less than 5V (so-called 5V type secondary battery). As described above, when the electrolytic solution 6 having a high static viscosity is used as the operating voltage increases, the metal ions (for example, lithium ions) in the electrolytic solution 6 are difficult to move, and the electrolytic solution 6 is the electrode 1, It becomes difficult to penetrate into the second active material 1b, 2b. When the metal ions in the electrolytic solution 6 are difficult to move, the charge / discharge performance of the battery is degraded. In addition, if the electrolytic solution 6 is not sufficiently impregnated in the active materials 1b and 2b, a substance (for example, lithium) in the electrolytic solution 6 is deposited on the surfaces of the electrodes 1 and 2 as a metal, and has electrochemical characteristics such as cycle characteristics. Or drop. The density of the electrolytic solution 6 is approximately 1.2 g / ml or more.
 そこで、本発明では、電解液6の静粘度が高くても、十分な充放電性能が得られ、また電極1,2の活物質1b,2bに電解液6を良好に含浸させることができるようにするために、活物質1b,2bの空孔率に着目した。空孔率を高くすることによって、活物質1b,2bに保持される電解液6の量が多くなり、電極1,2に含浸されずに外装体5中に漂う電解液6の量が減る。従って、電解液6の組成の一部が金属として析出することや、それに伴う容量低下が抑えられる。 Therefore, in the present invention, even when the static viscosity of the electrolytic solution 6 is high, sufficient charge / discharge performance can be obtained, and the active materials 1b and 2b of the electrodes 1 and 2 can be satisfactorily impregnated with the electrolytic solution 6. Therefore, attention was paid to the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b. By increasing the porosity, the amount of the electrolytic solution 6 held in the active materials 1b and 2b increases, and the amount of the electrolytic solution 6 that floats in the outer package 5 without being impregnated in the electrodes 1 and 2 decreases. Therefore, a part of the composition of the electrolytic solution 6 is deposited as a metal, and the capacity reduction associated therewith is suppressed.
 このように、本発明では、今までは着目されていなかった電解液の静粘度が高くなることに伴う問題を解決するために、電極1,2の活物質1b,2bの空孔率を規定し、それによって電解液含浸性も向上させている。一般的な構成に比べて充放電性能を高くしつつ電解液含浸性の向上が認められるのは、活物質1b,2bの空孔率が概ね30%以上である場合である。ただし、空孔率が大きすぎると、活物質1b,2bの量が少なくて本来の機能が十分に発揮できなくなるおそれがあるため、空孔率は50%未満にすることが好ましい。すなわち、本発明では、電極1,2の活物質1b,2bの空孔率が30%以上かつ50%未満であることが好ましい。 Thus, in the present invention, the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b of the electrodes 1 and 2 is specified in order to solve the problem associated with the increase in the static viscosity of the electrolytic solution, which has not been noticed until now. As a result, the electrolyte impregnation property is also improved. The improvement of the electrolyte impregnation property is recognized while improving the charge / discharge performance as compared with the general configuration when the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b is approximately 30% or more. However, if the porosity is too large, the amount of the active materials 1b and 2b is so small that the original function may not be sufficiently exhibited. Therefore, the porosity is preferably less than 50%. That is, in the present invention, the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b of the electrodes 1 and 2 is preferably 30% or more and less than 50%.
 一般に、活物質1b,2b中の1つの空孔の大きさは1μm~20μm程度であり、活物質1b,2b中で空孔は均等に分散していることが望ましい。仮に空孔が一部に凝集していると、反応状態が不均一でばらつきがあり、電解液の組成の一部(例えばリチウム)が電極上に析出したり、サイクル特性が悪くなったりする。また、電極1,2に部分的に活物質1b,2bの量が少なすぎる個所が存在すると、その個所は電力の発生に十分に寄与しない可能性がある。従って、活物質1b,2bの全体にわたって、いずれの場所でも空孔率が30%以上かつ50%未満になるようにすること、言い換えると、活物質1b,2bに空孔率が30%未満の個所や空孔率が50%以上の個所が存在しないようにすることが好ましい。そして、活物質の各表面において、また任意の断面において、常に空孔率が30%以上かつ50%未満であることが好ましい。 Generally, the size of one hole in the active materials 1b and 2b is about 1 μm to 20 μm, and it is desirable that the holes are evenly dispersed in the active materials 1b and 2b. If the pores are partly aggregated, the reaction state is non-uniform and uneven, and a part of the electrolyte composition (for example, lithium) is deposited on the electrode or the cycle characteristics are deteriorated. In addition, if the electrode 1 or 2 has a part where the amount of the active material 1b or 2b is too small, the part may not sufficiently contribute to the generation of electric power. Therefore, the porosity should be 30% or more and less than 50% throughout the active materials 1b and 2b, in other words, the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b is less than 30%. It is preferable that no part or part having a porosity of 50% or more is present. And it is preferable that the porosity is always 30% or more and less than 50% on each surface of the active material or in any cross section.
 本発明では、電極1,2の活物質1b,2bの空孔率を規定することによって、外装体5の内部に注入した電解液6をできる限り無駄なく利用する。すなわち、電解液6中に含まれるできるだけ多くの金属イオンを、金属として析出することなく、電池の充放電に寄与できるようにする。従って、本発明は、静粘度が高い電解液6が用いられる5V型二次電池またはそれよりも動作電圧の大きい電池において、特に効果的である。 In the present invention, by defining the porosity of the active materials 1b and 2b of the electrodes 1 and 2, the electrolyte 6 injected into the exterior body 5 is used as efficiently as possible. That is, as many metal ions as possible contained in the electrolytic solution 6 can be contributed to charge / discharge of the battery without being deposited as metal. Therefore, the present invention is particularly effective in a 5V type secondary battery in which the electrolytic solution 6 having a high static viscosity is used or a battery having a higher operating voltage.
 この二次電池の製造方法について説明する。まず、二次電池用電極として、図2aに示すように正極集電体1aの両面(または片面)に正極活物質1bが塗布された正極1と、図2bに示すように負極集電体2aの両面(または片面)に負極活物質2bが塗布された負極2とを製造する。具体的には、正極集電体1aに所定の量の正極活物質1bを塗布する。その後に、正極集電体1a上の正極活物質1bを適切な圧力で押圧することにより、前記したように正極活物質1bの全体にわたって空孔率を30%以上かつ50%未満にする。同様の方法で、負極集電体2aに負極活物質2bを塗布してから、負極活物質2bを押圧してその全体にわたって空孔率を30%以上かつ50%未満にする。こうして製造した正極1と負極2を、セパレータ3を介して交互に積層して積層体(発電要素)4を形成する。積層する正極1および負極2の層数は、二次電池の用途等に応じて決められる。 A method for manufacturing the secondary battery will be described. First, as a secondary battery electrode, a positive electrode 1 in which a positive electrode active material 1b is applied to both surfaces (or one surface) of a positive electrode current collector 1a as shown in FIG. 2a, and a negative electrode current collector 2a as shown in FIG. 2b. The negative electrode 2 in which the negative electrode active material 2b is applied to both sides (or one side) is manufactured. Specifically, a predetermined amount of the positive electrode active material 1b is applied to the positive electrode current collector 1a. Thereafter, the positive electrode active material 1b on the positive electrode current collector 1a is pressed at an appropriate pressure, so that the porosity is made 30% or more and less than 50% throughout the positive electrode active material 1b as described above. In the same manner, after applying the negative electrode active material 2b to the negative electrode current collector 2a, the negative electrode active material 2b is pressed so that the porosity is 30% or more and less than 50% throughout. The positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 manufactured in this manner are alternately stacked via the separator 3 to form a stacked body (power generation element) 4. The number of layers of the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 to be stacked is determined according to the use of the secondary battery.
 次に、図1に示すように、発電要素4を挟み込むように1対のラミネートフィルム5a,5bを配置し、発電要素4の外側においてラミネートフィルム5a,5bを互いに重ね合わせる。そして、図示しない注液口とする部分を除いて、重なり合うラミネートフィルム5a,5bの外周部を溶着等により互いに接合する。1対の電極端子9,10を正極1および負極2にそれぞれ接続させ、外装体5の外側に延出する。従って、電極端子9,10が通過する部分は、ラミネートフィルム5a,5b同士は直接溶着されないが、電極端子9,10の周囲でラミネートフィルム5a,5b同士が強固に接合されることにより、実質的に隙間なく封止される。それから、注液口を除いて封止された外装体5の内部に発電要素4を収容した状態で、注液口から外装体5の内部に電解液6を注入する。発電要素4と電解液6を収容した外装体5の注液口を封止するように、ラミネートフィルム5a,5bの外周部同士の未接合部分を溶着等により互いに接合する。それによって、外装体5は全周に亘って封止される。 Next, as shown in FIG. 1, a pair of laminate films 5 a and 5 b are arranged so as to sandwich the power generation element 4, and the laminate films 5 a and 5 b are overlapped with each other outside the power generation element 4. And the outer peripheral part of the laminated film 5a, 5b which overlaps is mutually joined by welding etc. except the part used as the liquid injection port which is not shown in figure. A pair of electrode terminals 9 and 10 are connected to the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2, respectively, and extend to the outside of the exterior body 5. Therefore, the portions through which the electrode terminals 9 and 10 pass are not directly welded to the laminate films 5a and 5b. However, the laminate films 5a and 5b are substantially bonded to each other around the electrode terminals 9 and 10. It is sealed without gaps. Then, the electrolytic solution 6 is injected from the liquid injection port into the exterior body 5 in a state where the power generation element 4 is accommodated in the sealed exterior body 5 except for the liquid injection port. The unbonded portions of the outer peripheral portions of the laminate films 5a and 5b are joined to each other by welding or the like so as to seal the liquid injection port of the outer package 5 containing the power generation element 4 and the electrolyte 6. Thereby, the outer package 5 is sealed over the entire circumference.
 このような電池の製造方法において、電池としての良好な電気化学特性を得るためには、外装体5の内部に注入した電解液6が正極活物質1bおよび負極活物質2bに良好に含浸(吸収)されることが望ましい。含浸性が悪いと、電解液6を十分に含浸させるために要する時間が長くなり、生産性が悪くなる。 In such a battery manufacturing method, in order to obtain good electrochemical characteristics as a battery, the electrolytic solution 6 injected into the exterior body 5 is well impregnated (absorbed) into the positive electrode active material 1b and the negative electrode active material 2b. ) Is desirable. If the impregnation property is poor, the time required to sufficiently impregnate the electrolytic solution 6 becomes long, and the productivity is deteriorated.
 具体的な例として、図3には、25℃で静粘度が23cPの電解液6を外装体5内に1滴(約0.1μl)滴下して、正極1に完全に浸透した(含浸された)と目視で判断されるまでの時間を測定した結果を示している。この実験は、空孔率が36.57%(見かけ上の密度2.56g/cm)、34.13%(見かけ上の密度2.65g/cm)、32.1%(見かけ上の密度2.73g/cm)、29.23%(見かけ上の密度2.85g/cm)、26.47%(見かけ上の密度2.96g/cm)の正極活物質1bを有する正極1をそれぞれ6個ずつ用意して、合計30個の正極1に対して行った。その結果、正極活物質1bの空孔率が30%以上の時に浸透時間120秒以下になり、含浸性が良好であると言える。なお、図3のグラフには、空孔率が同じ正極活物質1bを有する6個の正極1の浸透時間の平均を示している。 As a specific example, in FIG. 3, one drop (about 0.1 μl) of an electrolytic solution 6 having a static viscosity of 23 cP at 25 ° C. is dropped into the outer package 5 and completely penetrates into the positive electrode 1 (impregnated). And the result of measuring the time until it is judged visually. In this experiment, the porosity was 36.57% (apparent density 2.56 g / cm 3 ), 34.13% (apparent density 2.65 g / cm 3 ), 32.1% (apparent density) the positive electrode having a positive electrode active material 1b of density 2.73 g / cm 3), 29.23% (density of 2.85 g / cm 3 apparent), 26.47% (density of 2.96 g / cm 3 apparent) 6 pieces of 1 were prepared for each of 30 positive electrodes 1 in total. As a result, when the porosity of the positive electrode active material 1b is 30% or more, the permeation time is 120 seconds or less, and it can be said that the impregnation property is good. In addition, the graph of FIG. 3 shows the average of the permeation time of the six positive electrodes 1 having the positive electrode active materials 1b having the same porosity.
 図4には、同様な実験を、空孔率が39.69%(見かけ上の密度1.30g/cm)、35.25%(見かけ上の密度1.40g/cm)、30.64%(見かけ上の密度1.50g/cm)の負極活物質2bを有する負極2をそれぞれ6個ずつ用意して、合計18個の負極2に対して行った。負極活物質2bの空孔率が大きいほど浸透時間が短くなる傾向があった。なお、図4のグラフには、空孔率が同じ負極活物質2bを有する6個の負極2の浸透時間の平均を示している。 In FIG. 4, a similar experiment was conducted with a porosity of 39.69% (apparent density 1.30 g / cm 3 ), 35.25% (apparent density 1.40 g / cm 3 ), 30. Six negative electrodes 2 each having 64% (apparent density 1.50 g / cm 3 ) of the negative electrode active material 2b were prepared, and a total of 18 negative electrodes 2 were prepared. As the porosity of the negative electrode active material 2b is larger, the permeation time tends to be shorter. In addition, the graph of FIG. 4 shows the average of the permeation time of the six negative electrodes 2 having the negative electrode active material 2b having the same porosity.
 ここで、図3,4の横軸に示している見かけ上の密度と空孔率との関係について説明する。空孔率は、物質全体の体積に対する、その物質の表面および内部に存在する空孔の体積の割合を意味している。従って、同一体積の物質では、空孔率が高いほど空孔が多くて物質そのものの量が少なく、質量が小さい。一方、密度は単位体積当たりの質量であるため、同一体積の物質では、見かけ上の密度が高いほど物質そのものの量が多く、空孔は少ないと考えられる。このように、空孔率が高いと見かけ上の密度が低く、空孔率が低いと見かけ上の密度が高いという関係にある。 Here, the relationship between the apparent density and the porosity shown on the horizontal axis of FIGS. The porosity means the ratio of the volume of vacancies existing in and on the surface of the substance to the total volume of the substance. Therefore, in a substance having the same volume, the higher the porosity, the more pores, the smaller the amount of the substance itself, and the smaller the mass. On the other hand, since the density is the mass per unit volume, it is considered that the substance of the same volume has a larger amount of the substance itself and a smaller number of pores as the apparent density is higher. Thus, when the porosity is high, the apparent density is low, and when the porosity is low, the apparent density is high.
 そして、図3に示す正極活物質1bと図4に示す負極活物質2bでは見かけ上の密度と空孔率の関係が同一ではない。これは、正極活物質1bの材料と負極活物質2bの材料が異なり、真密度が異なるからである。すなわち、同じ空孔率であっても、真密度が高い材料からなる活物質は見かけ上の密度が高く、真密度が低い材料からなる活物質は見かけ上の密度が低い。従って、本発明において所望の空孔率を得るために必要な見かけ上の密度は、その活物質の真密度に基づいて計算することができる。二次電池用電極の製造時には、そのような計算に基づいて求めた見かけ上の密度となるように、活物質を押圧する条件(圧力等)を設定する。例えば、真密度が4g/cmの材料からなる活物質を空孔率35%にするためには、見かけ上の密度を2.6g/cmにすればよい。仮に、集電体の活物質を塗布する部分の面積が10000mmであるとすると、この部分に3.1gの活物質(材料)を塗布して、厚さ0.12mmになるまで押圧すると、見かけ上の密度が2.6g/cmになり、35%の空孔率が実現する。活物質が複数の材料の混合物である場合には、各材料の真密度と混合率の積を合算して混合物自体の真密度を求めてから、前記した計算を行えばよい。 The relationship between the apparent density and the porosity is not the same between the positive electrode active material 1b shown in FIG. 3 and the negative electrode active material 2b shown in FIG. This is because the material of the positive electrode active material 1b and the material of the negative electrode active material 2b are different and the true densities are different. That is, even with the same porosity, an active material made of a material having a high true density has a high apparent density, and an active material made of a material having a low true density has a low apparent density. Therefore, the apparent density necessary to obtain a desired porosity in the present invention can be calculated based on the true density of the active material. At the time of manufacturing the secondary battery electrode, conditions (pressure, etc.) for pressing the active material are set so that the apparent density obtained based on such calculation is obtained. For example, in order to make an active material made of a material having a true density of 4 g / cm 3 to have a porosity of 35%, the apparent density may be 2.6 g / cm 3 . Assuming that the area of the part to which the active material of the current collector is applied is 10,000 mm 2 , 3.1 g of the active material (material) is applied to this part and pressed to a thickness of 0.12 mm. The apparent density is 2.6 g / cm 3 and a porosity of 35% is achieved. When the active material is a mixture of a plurality of materials, the above-described calculation may be performed after obtaining the true density of the mixture itself by adding the products of the true density and the mixing rate of each material.
 なお、本発明の正極1の正極活物質1bとしては、例えばLiCoO、LiNiO、LiNi(1-x)CoO、LiNi(CoAl)(1-x)、LiMO-LiMO、LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3などの層状酸化物系材料や、LiMn、LiMn1.5Ni0.5、LiMn(2-x)などのスピネル系材料、LiMPOなどのオリビン系材料、LiMPOF、LiMSiOFなどのフッ化オリビン系材料、Vなどの酸化バナジウム系材料などが挙げられ、これらのうちの1種、または2種以上の混合物を使用することができる。 As the positive electrode active material 1b of the positive electrode 1 of the present invention, for example, LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiNi (1-x) CoO 2 , LiNi x (CoAl) (1-x) O 2 , Li 2 MO 3 —LiMO 2 , layered oxide materials such as LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 , LiMn (2-x) M x O spinel type material such as 4, olivine-based material such as LiMPO 4, Li 2 MPO 4 F, fluoride olivine-based material, such as Li 2 MSiO 4 F, vanadium oxide-based materials such as V 2 O 5, and these 1 type of these, or a mixture of 2 or more types can be used.
 負極活物質2bとしては黒鉛、非晶質炭素、ダイヤモンド状炭素、フラーレン、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノホーンなどの炭素材料や、リチウム金属材料、シリコンやスズなどの合金系材料、NbやTiOなどの酸化物系材料、あるいはこれらの複合物を用いることができる。 As the negative electrode active material 2b, carbon materials such as graphite, amorphous carbon, diamond-like carbon, fullerene, carbon nanotube, and carbon nanohorn, lithium metal materials, alloy materials such as silicon and tin, Nb 2 O 5 and TiO 2 are used. An oxide-based material such as these, or a composite thereof can be used.
 正極活物質1bおよび負極活物質2bには結着剤や導電助剤等を適宜加えることができ、導電助剤としては、カーボンブラック、炭素繊維または黒鉛などのうちの1種、または2種以上の組み合せを用いることができる。また、結着剤としては、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、カルボキシメチルセルロース、変性アクリロニトリルゴム粒子などを用いることができる。 The positive electrode active material 1b and the negative electrode active material 2b can be appropriately added with a binder, a conductive auxiliary agent, and the like. As the conductive auxiliary agent, one or more of carbon black, carbon fiber, graphite and the like are used. Can be used. As the binder, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, carboxymethylcellulose, modified acrylonitrile rubber particles, and the like can be used.
 正極集電体1aとしては、アルミニウム、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル、チタン、またはこれらの合金等を用いることができ、特にアルミニウムが好ましい。負極集電体2aとしては、銅、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル、チタン、またはこれらの合金を用いることができる。 As the positive electrode current collector 1a, aluminum, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, or an alloy thereof can be used, and aluminum is particularly preferable. As the negative electrode current collector 2a, copper, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, or an alloy thereof can be used.
 また、電解液6としては、エチレンカーボネイト、プロピレンカーボネイト、ビニレンカーボネイト、ブチレンカーボネイト等の環状カーボネイト類や、エチルメチルカーボネイト(EMC)、ジエチルカーボネイト(DEC)、ジメチルカーボネイト(DMC)、ジプロピルカーボネイト(DPC)等の鎖状カーボネイト類や、脂肪族カルボン酸エステル類や、γ-ブチロラクトン等のγ-ラクトン類や、鎖状エーテル類、環状エーテル類、フッ素化合物などの有機溶媒のうちの1種、または2種以上の混合物を使用することができ、これらの有機溶媒にリチウム塩や機能性添加剤などを溶解させることができる。 The electrolyte 6 includes cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC). ), Etc., aliphatic carboxylic acid esters, γ-lactones such as γ-butyrolactone, chain ethers, cyclic ethers, organic solvents such as fluorine compounds, or Two or more kinds of mixtures can be used, and lithium salts and functional additives can be dissolved in these organic solvents.
 セパレータ3の樹脂成分としては、多孔膜、織布、不織布等があげられ、例えばポリプロピレンやポリエチレン等のポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、またはナイロン樹脂等を用いることができる。特にポリオレフィン系の微多孔膜は、イオン透過性と、正極と負極とを物理的に隔離する性能に優れているため好ましい。また、必要に応じて、セパレータ3には無機物粒子を含む層を形成してもよく、無機物粒子としては、絶縁性の酸化物、窒化物、硫化物、炭化物などを挙げることができ、なかでもTiOやAlを含むことが好ましい。電解液6の含浸性を高めるという点では、電解液6とセパレータ3の接触角が小さくなるような材料を選択することが好ましい。 Examples of the resin component of the separator 3 include a porous film, a woven fabric, and a nonwoven fabric. For example, a polyolefin resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a styrene resin, or a nylon resin can be used. In particular, a polyolefin-based microporous membrane is preferable because of its excellent ion permeability and performance of physically separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode. If necessary, the separator 3 may be formed with a layer containing inorganic particles, and examples of the inorganic particles include insulating oxides, nitrides, sulfides, carbides, etc. It is preferable to contain TiO 2 or Al 2 O 3 . In terms of improving the impregnation property of the electrolytic solution 6, it is preferable to select a material that reduces the contact angle between the electrolytic solution 6 and the separator 3.
 外装体5を構成するラミネートフィルム5a,5bは、基材となる金属層の表裏面に樹脂層が設けられたものを用いることができる。金属層には、電解液の漏出や外部からの水分の侵入を防止する等のバリア性を有するものを選択することができ、アルミニウム、ステンレス鋼などを用いることができる。金属層の少なくとも一方の面には、変性ポリオレフィンなどの熱融着性樹脂層が設けられる。ラミネートフィルム5a,5bの熱融着性樹脂層同士を対向させ、電極積層体を収納する部分の周囲を熱融着することで外装容器が形成される。熱融着性の樹脂層が形成された面と反対側の面となる外装体表面にはナイロンフィルム、ポリエステルフィルムなどの樹脂層を設けることができる。 As the laminate films 5a and 5b constituting the exterior body 5, those in which a resin layer is provided on the front and back surfaces of a metal layer serving as a base material can be used. As the metal layer, a metal layer having a barrier property such as prevention of leakage of electrolyte solution or entry of moisture from the outside can be selected, and aluminum, stainless steel, or the like can be used. On at least one surface of the metal layer, a heat-fusible resin layer such as a modified polyolefin is provided. The heat-sealing resin layers of the laminate films 5a and 5b are opposed to each other, and the outer container is formed by heat-sealing the periphery of the portion that houses the electrode laminate. A resin layer such as a nylon film or a polyester film can be provided on the surface of the exterior body that is the surface opposite to the surface on which the heat-fusible resin layer is formed.
 本発明はリチウムイオン二次電池の電極の製造および当該電極を用いたリチウムイオン二次電池の製造に有用であるが、リチウムイオン電池以外の二次電池に適用しても有効である。 The present invention is useful for the production of an electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery and the production of a lithium ion secondary battery using the electrode, but it is also effective when applied to a secondary battery other than a lithium ion battery.
 このように、本発明は、正極1の活物質1bと負極2の活物質2bの空孔率を規定することを特徴とするものであって、それ以外の構成は特に限定されない。従って、一般的な二次電池に採用される様々な変形例が本発明にも採用可能である。例えば、図1には、複数の正極1と複数の負極2とを、セパレータ3をそれぞれ介して交互に繰り返し積層することによって形成された、いわゆる積層型の発電要素4を有する二次電池を例示している。しかし、長尺の1枚の正極1と長尺の1枚の負極とを、長尺のセパレータ3を介して積層して、積層した正極1とセパレータ3と負極2とを一体的に巻回することによって形成された、いわゆる巻回型の発電要素4を有する二次電池にも本発明を適用することができる。 As described above, the present invention is characterized by defining the porosity of the active material 1b of the positive electrode 1 and the active material 2b of the negative electrode 2, and the other configurations are not particularly limited. Therefore, various modified examples adopted in a general secondary battery can be adopted in the present invention. For example, FIG. 1 illustrates a secondary battery having a so-called laminated power generation element 4 formed by alternately and repeatedly laminating a plurality of positive electrodes 1 and a plurality of negative electrodes 2 with separators 3 interposed therebetween. is doing. However, one long positive electrode 1 and one long negative electrode are laminated via a long separator 3, and the laminated positive electrode 1, separator 3 and negative electrode 2 are integrally wound. The present invention can also be applied to a secondary battery having a so-called wound type power generation element 4 formed by doing so.
 また、積層型の発電要素4において、正極1と負極2の間に挟まれるセパレータ3を複数用意するのではなく、長尺の1枚のセパレータ3を正極1および負極2に対応する長さ毎に交互に折り返して、各正極1と各負極2の間にそれぞれ介在させることもできる。すなわち、長尺のセパレータ3を所定の長さ毎に交互に折り返すことによって複数の袋状の部分を形成し、各袋状の部分に正極1または負極2を収納する構成にしてもよい。 Further, in the laminated power generation element 4, instead of preparing a plurality of separators 3 sandwiched between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2, one long separator 3 is provided for each length corresponding to the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2. It is also possible to interpose between each positive electrode 1 and each negative electrode 2 by being alternately folded. That is, a configuration may be adopted in which a plurality of bag-like portions are formed by alternately folding the long separator 3 every predetermined length, and the positive electrode 1 or the negative electrode 2 is accommodated in each bag-like portion.
 以上、いくつかの実施形態を参照して本発明を説明したが、本発明は上記した実施形態の構成に限られるものではなく、本発明の構成や細部に、本発明の技術的思想の範囲内で、当業者が理解し得る様々な変更を施すことができる。 Although the present invention has been described above with reference to some embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the above-described embodiments, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited to the configurations and details of the present invention. Various modifications that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made.
 本出願は、2013年9月27日に出願された日本特許出願2013-201541号を基礎とする優先権を主張し、日本特許出願2013-201541号の開示の全てをここに取り込む。 This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-201541 filed on September 27, 2013, and incorporates the entire disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-201541.

Claims (9)

  1.  正極と負極がセパレータを介して積層されている発電要素と、前記発電要素と電解液とを収容し外周部が封止されている外装体とを有し、
     前記電解液は25℃における静粘度が4cP以上かつ30cP以下であり、
     前記正極と前記負極は、集電体と、前記集電体の両面または片面に塗布された活物質とを含み、
     前記正極の前記活物質と前記負極の前記活物質はそれぞれ、全体にわたって30%以上かつ50%未満の空孔率を有している、二次電池。
    A power generation element in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are laminated via a separator, and an exterior body that contains the power generation element and an electrolyte and has an outer peripheral portion sealed;
    The electrolytic solution has a static viscosity at 25 ° C. of 4 cP or more and 30 cP or less,
    The positive electrode and the negative electrode include a current collector and an active material applied to both or one side of the current collector,
    The active material of the positive electrode and the active material of the negative electrode each have a porosity of 30% or more and less than 50% throughout.
  2.  前記活物質は、空孔率が30%未満または50%以上の部分を含んでいない、請求項1に記載の二次電池。 The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the active material does not include a portion having a porosity of less than 30% or 50% or more.
  3.  平均動作電圧が4V以上である、請求項1または2に記載の二次電池。 The secondary battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the average operating voltage is 4 V or more.
  4.  前記発電要素は、複数の前記正極と複数の前記負極が前記セパレータをそれぞれ介して交互に繰り返し積層されることによって形成されている、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。 The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power generation element is formed by alternately and repeatedly laminating a plurality of the positive electrodes and a plurality of the negative electrodes through the separators. .
  5.  前記発電要素は、1枚の前記正極と1枚の前記負極が前記セパレータを介して積層され、積層された前記正極と前記セパレータと前記負極とが一体的に巻回されることによって形成されている、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。 The power generation element is formed by laminating one positive electrode and one negative electrode through the separator, and the laminated positive electrode, separator, and negative electrode are integrally wound. The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
  6.  前記電解液は、環状カーボネイト、鎖状カーボネイト、環状フッ素化エーテル、鎖状フッ素化エーテルのうちのいずれか1つを少なくとも含む、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の二次電池。 The secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electrolytic solution contains at least one of cyclic carbonate, chain carbonate, cyclic fluorinated ether, and chain fluorinated ether.
  7.  集電体の両面または片面に活物質を塗布し、前記集電体に塗布された前記活物質を押圧して該活物質の空孔率を全体にわたって30%以上かつ50%未満にする、電極形成工程と、
     前記電極形成工程によって形成した電極を正極および負極として用い、前記正極と前記負極とを、セパレータを介して積層する、発電要素形成工程と、
     前記発電要素と、25℃における静粘度が4cP以上かつ30cP以下の電解液とを、外装体の内部に収容する収容工程と、
     前記発電要素と前記電解液とを収容した前記外装体の外周部を封止する封止工程とを含む、二次電池の製造方法。
    An electrode in which an active material is applied to both sides or one side of a current collector, and the active material applied to the current collector is pressed to make the porosity of the active material 30% or more and less than 50% throughout. Forming process;
    Using the electrode formed by the electrode forming step as a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and laminating the positive electrode and the negative electrode through a separator,
    A housing step of housing the power generation element and an electrolytic solution having a static viscosity at 25 ° C. of 4 cP or more and 30 cP or less within the exterior body;
    A method for manufacturing a secondary battery, comprising: a sealing step of sealing an outer peripheral portion of the exterior body containing the power generation element and the electrolytic solution.
  8.  前記発電要素形成工程では、複数の前記正極と複数の前記負極を、前記セパレータをそれぞれ介して交互に繰り返し積層する、請求項7に記載の二次電池の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing a secondary battery according to claim 7, wherein in the power generation element forming step, a plurality of the positive electrodes and a plurality of the negative electrodes are alternately and repeatedly stacked via the separators.
  9.  前記発電要素形成工程では、1枚の前記正極と1枚の前記負極を、前記セパレータを介して積層し、積層した前記正極と前記セパレータと前記負極とを一体的に巻回する、請求項7に記載の二次電池の製造方法。 The said power generation element formation process WHEREIN: One said positive electrode and one said negative electrode are laminated | stacked through the said separator, and the laminated | stacked said positive electrode, the said separator, and the said negative electrode are integrally wound. The manufacturing method of the secondary battery as described in any one of.
PCT/JP2014/066172 2013-09-27 2014-06-18 Secondary battery and production method therefor WO2015045519A1 (en)

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