WO2015042964A1 - 一种软件测试方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种软件测试方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015042964A1
WO2015042964A1 PCT/CN2013/084736 CN2013084736W WO2015042964A1 WO 2015042964 A1 WO2015042964 A1 WO 2015042964A1 CN 2013084736 W CN2013084736 W CN 2013084736W WO 2015042964 A1 WO2015042964 A1 WO 2015042964A1
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Prior art keywords
software
measurement time
code
time
function
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PCT/CN2013/084736
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
严开恩
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to CN201380003956.0A priority Critical patent/CN104685473B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2013/084736 priority patent/WO2015042964A1/zh
Publication of WO2015042964A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015042964A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3604Software analysis for verifying properties of programs
    • G06F11/3612Software analysis for verifying properties of programs by runtime analysis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of testing, and in particular, to a software testing method and apparatus. Background technique
  • the adopted scheme is: 1. Inserting the test stub code at the entrance and exit of the target function, calculating the objective function exit and the entry time difference obtained by the striking, and obtaining the objective function Execution time is spent, so you can get the load of the objective function. 2. The hardware clock is extracted, and the difference between the start time and the end time of the target function is calculated, and the load of the target function is obtained by the difference.
  • Applicant found that using the scenario 1 test target function load situation, you need to insert the test test code into the software to test the version of the software, so the test is not convenient, and the test pile code has interference and impact on the load of the objective function. .
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a software testing method and device, which can accurately estimate the load of the objective function.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a software testing method, including:
  • the step of calculating a dwell time of a code address interval of the target function within a measurement preset time period includes:
  • the dwell time is increased by one processor clock cycle, and the initial value of the dwell time is zero.
  • the step of obtaining the code address interval of the objective function in the software to be tested includes:
  • Compiling the software to be tested into assembly code and acquiring a code address interval of the target function according to the assembly code.
  • the method further includes:
  • the utilization rate of the processor running the software under test is calculated according to the dwell time of the IDLE function and the measurement time.
  • the measurement time is set by a timer in a fourth possible implementation.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a software testing apparatus, including:
  • An obtaining module configured to obtain a code address range of the target function in the tested software
  • a statistics module configured to run the measured code, and count a dwell time of the PC program counter pointer in the code address interval within a preset measurement time, where the measurement time is an integer multiple of a processor clock cycle;
  • a calculation module configured to calculate load information of the target function according to the dwell time.
  • the statistics module includes:
  • a first unit configured to obtain address information of the PC pointer when a clock cycle of each processor is detected within the measurement time
  • a second unit configured to: if the address information is located in a code address interval of the target function, increase the dwell time by one processor clock cycle, and the initial value of the dwell time is 0.
  • the acquiring module is configured to compile the software to be tested into assembly code, and obtain the target function according to the assembly code.
  • the code address range is configured to compile the software to be tested into assembly code, and obtain the target function according to the assembly code.
  • the method further includes:
  • the processor utilization calculation module is configured to: if the target function is an IDLE task function, calculate a utilization rate of the processor that runs the code under test according to a dwell time of the IDLE function and the measurement time.
  • the method further includes:
  • a configuration module for setting a measurement time by a timer of the processor is provided.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a software testing apparatus, including:
  • the write processor including a memory and a timer
  • the memory stores a code address interval and a measurement time of an objective function in the software to be tested, the measurement time is an integer multiple of a processor clock cycle, and the timer reads the measurement time stored in the memory as a timing duration,
  • the coprocessor counts the dwell time of the PC program counter pointer within the code address interval during the measurement time preset, and stores the dwell time in the memory.
  • the step of executing, by the coprocessor, the dwell time of the code address interval of the target function in the measurement preset time period includes:
  • the dwell time is increased by one processor clock cycle, and the initial value of the dwell time is zero.
  • the coprocessor is used to:
  • Compiling the software to be tested into assembly code and acquiring a code address interval of the target function according to the assembly code.
  • the coprocessor is further configured to:
  • the utilization rate of the central processor running the software under test is calculated according to the dwell time of the IDLE function and the measurement time.
  • the dwell time of the PC pointer in the code address interval is counted in the preset measurement time, and the load information of the objective function is determined according to the dwell time, so that the load of the objective function can be accurately estimated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a software testing method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of a software testing method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of a software testing method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a first embodiment of a software testing device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a software testing device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the statistical module in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams showing the composition of a third embodiment of a software testing device according to the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of a software testing method according to the present invention.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the code address range is the area between the first address and the tail address of the code segment of the target function.
  • the code segment and the data segment need to occupy a certain memory space, and the code segment includes at least one instruction.
  • the program counter PC pointer points to the first instruction of the software to be tested.
  • the code address range of the target function is obtained in the test device memory.
  • the testing device stores the first address and the tail address of the obtained objective function in the independently configured address interval register, and the testing device can directly read the code address of the target function from the address interval register in a subsequent testing process. Interval.
  • the test device is hardware independent of the processor running the software under test.
  • a hardware device including a coprocessor of a processor or a DSP or a custom integrated circuit chip, the test device does not occupy the hardware or software resources of the processor when measuring the software.
  • the measurement time is set in advance by a timer, and the measurement time is an integral multiple of the processor clock cycle.
  • the processor clock cycle is the reciprocal of the processor main frequency, and the measurement time is set to be much longer than the processor clock cycle.
  • the addresses in the examples are all expressed in hexadecimal.
  • the code address interval of the objective function is expressed in hexadecimal as 0x10000000 to 0x10000500, and the processor's main frequency is 1GHz, then the processor clock cycle is 10— 9 S, 4
  • the preset measurement time is 1S, the measurement time is much longer than the processor clock cycle, and the measurement time is set to 1S in the timer.
  • the timer is started and tested.
  • the device detects the clock period of the processor, and detects the processor clock period by detecting the level or rising edge or falling edge of the processor clock signal.
  • the test device reads the address information of the PC pointer, assuming that When a clock cycle arrives, the test device reads the address information of the PC pointer to 0x10000008, and determines that the address information is within the code address range of the target function, and the PC pointer adds 1 clock to the dwell time in the code address interval of the target function.
  • the initial value of the dwell time is 0; assume that the test device reads the address information of the PC pointer when the second clock cycle arrives 0x20000016, judging that the address information is not in the code address range of the target function, the dwell time does not increase, and so on, each time a processor clock cycle, the test device reads the address information of the PC pointer to determine whether it is in the target function Within the code address range, if the dwell time is increased by 1 processor clock cycle, otherwise the dwell time does not change, until the measurement time set by the timer arrives, the interrupt signal is sent to the test device, and the test device stops the dwell time measurement.
  • the resulting accumulated dwell time is the dwell time of the PC program counter pointer within the code address interval of the target function during the measurement time. Assuming that the PC pointer stays in the code address interval of the target function for 100,000,000 processor clock cycles within the set measurement time 1S, the dwell time is calculated as 0.1S.
  • the testing device may select several target functions in the software to be tested to calculate the load information, and optimize the code of the software to be tested according to the load information of each objective function.
  • the dwell time of the PC pointer in the code address interval is counted in the preset measurement time, and the load information of the objective function is determined according to the dwell time, which can be accurate. Estimate the load condition of the objective function.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a second embodiment of a software testing method according to the present invention.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the IDLE function is a process that is executed by each coprocessor.
  • the function is characterized by the lowest priority. When the coprocessor executes other tasks, it will execute the IDLE function.
  • the code address range is the area between the first address and the last address of the code segment of the IDLE function.
  • the code segment and the data segment need to occupy a certain memory space, and the code segment includes at least one instruction.
  • the program counter PC pointer points to the first instruction of the software to be tested.
  • the test device obtains the code address range of the IDLE function from the memory.
  • the testing device stores the first address and the tail address of the obtained objective function in the independently configured address interval register, and the testing device can directly read the code address of the target function from the address interval register in a subsequent testing process. Interval.
  • 5202 Run the software to be tested, and count the stay time of the PC program counter pointer in the code address interval in the preset measurement time.
  • the measurement time is set in advance by a timer, and the measurement time is an integral multiple of the processor clock cycle.
  • the processor clock cycle is the reciprocal of the processor main frequency, and the measurement time is set to be much longer than the processor clock cycle.
  • the granularity of the test time may be set according to requirements, for example, the test time is an integer multiple of the instruction period or an integer multiple of the machine period, and the invention is not limited.
  • the addresses in the examples are all expressed in hexadecimal, assuming the IDLE function.
  • Code hexadecimal address range is 0x10000000 to 0x10000500
  • processor clocked at 1GHz the processor clock cycles to 10- 9 S
  • 4 Xia set measurement time is preset 1S, far greater than the measurement time
  • the processor clock cycle the measurement time is set to 1S in the timer, the timer is started when the processor runs the software to be tested, and the test device detects the clock cycle of the processor, and the detection processor clock cycle can detect the processor clock signal.
  • the test device reads the address information of the PC pointer every one clock cycle, assuming that the address information of the PC pointer is 0x10000008 when the first clock cycle comes, the judgment is made.
  • the address information is in the code address range of the IDLE function, then the PC pointer is added to the ID time in the code address range of the IDLE function by one clock cycle, and the initial value of the dwell time is 0; 4 ⁇ is set at the second clock cycle.
  • the test device reads the address information of the PC pointer to 0x20000016, and determines that the address information is not in the code address range of the IDLE function, and the stay time is not Plus, and so on, each time a processor clock cycle, the test device reads the address information of the PC pointer to determine whether it is within the code address range of the IDLE function, if, the dwell time plus one processor clock cycle, otherwise The dwell time does not change until the measurement time set by the timer arrives, the interrupt signal is sent to the test device, and the test device stops the dwell time measurement. The resulting accumulated dwell time is the PC program counter pointer in the measurement time in the IDLE function. The dwell time in the code address range. Assuming that the PC pointer stays in the code address range of the IDLE function for 100000000 processor clock cycles within the set measurement time 1S, the dwell time is calculated as 0.1S.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic flowchart of a third embodiment of a software testing method according to the present invention.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the measurement time is set by a timer.
  • the test device sets the measurement time by a timer, and the measurement time is set to an integral multiple of the processor clock cycle, which is advantageous for accurate calculation.
  • the processor clock cycle is io- 9 s
  • test time setting the granularity of the test time may be set according to requirements, for example, the test time is an integer multiple of the instruction cycle or an integer multiple of the machine cycle, and the invention is not limited.
  • the test software is compiled into assembly code.
  • Each instruction in the assembly code is assigned a storage address, and the first address and the last address of the target function, that is, the code address interval, can be obtained according to the storage address.
  • Instruction_M - tail address is 0x10000500
  • the code address range of the objective function is 10000000 to 10000500, and the instruction represents the instruction contained in the objective function.
  • the method of detecting the processor clock period can be implemented by detecting the level or edge of the processor clock signal, for example, when a high level of the processor clock signal is detected, determining that a processor clock cycle is coming
  • the dwell time is increased by one processor clock cycle.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic diagram of a composition of a first embodiment of a software testing device according to the present invention.
  • the device includes: an obtaining module 10, a statistics module 20, and a computing module 30.
  • the obtaining module 10 is configured to obtain a code address interval of the target function in the tested software.
  • the statistics module 20 is configured to run the measured code, and count a dwell time of the PC program counter pointer in the code address interval within a preset measurement time, where the measurement time is an integer multiple of a processor clock cycle;
  • the calculating module 30 is configured to calculate load information of the target function according to the dwell time. Further, referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, a second embodiment group of a software testing device according to the present invention is shown.
  • the result graph includes a processor utilization calculation module 40 and a configuration module 50, in addition to the acquisition module 10, the statistics module 20, and the calculation module 30.
  • the processor utilization calculation module 40 is configured to calculate, according to the dwell time of the IDLE function and the measurement time, the utilization rate of the processor running the code under test if the target function is an IDLE task function.
  • the configuration module 50 is configured to set a measurement time by a timer of the processor.
  • the statistics module 200 includes:
  • the first unit 201 is configured to acquire address information of the PC pointer when a clock cycle of each processor is detected within the measurement time;
  • the second unit 202 is configured to increase the dwell time by one processor clock cycle if the address information is located in a code address interval of the target function, and the initial value of the dwell time is 0.
  • the obtaining module 10 is specifically configured to:
  • Compiling the software to be tested into assembly code and acquiring a code address interval of the target function according to the assembly code.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are schematic diagrams showing the composition of a third embodiment of a software testing device according to the present invention.
  • the following device is referred to as a testing device 1
  • the testing device 1 includes a coprocessor 11 and a coprocessor.
  • 11 includes a timer 111 and a memory 112.
  • the number of coprocessors 11 in the test apparatus 1 may be one or more, and FIG. 7 takes a coprocessor as an example.
  • the testing device 1 is connected to the processor 2, the processor 2 is used to run the software to be tested, and the testing device 1 and the processor 2 are independent of each other.
  • the testing device 1 does not occupy the hardware of the processor 2 or Software resources.
  • the testing device 1 can be a customized unit of the processor 2.
  • the testing device 1 belongs to a part of the processor 2.
  • the testing device 1 does not occupy the hardware or software resources of the processor 2.
  • the memory 111 stores a code address interval and a measurement time of an objective function in the software to be tested, the measurement time is an integer multiple of a processor clock cycle, and the timer 112 reads the measurement time stored in the memory as a timing.
  • the duration, coprocessor 11 is used to perform the following operations:
  • the dwell time of the PC program counter pointer within the code address interval is counted during the preset preset measurement time, and the dwell time is stored in the memory 111.
  • the testing device 1 of the present invention is independent of the device running the software to be tested, and does not occupy hardware or software resources of the device running the software to be tested.
  • the memory 111 includes a first register, a second register, and a third register, where the first register stores a code address interval of the target function in the software to be tested, ie The first and last addresses of the objective function.
  • the target function TesFunc of Test.c of a software to be tested is compiled to produce assembly code as follows:
  • Instruction_M - tail address is 0x10000500
  • the code address interval of the objective function is 0x10000000 (first address) to 0x10000500 (tail address)
  • the instruction represents an instruction included in the target function
  • the first memory stores a code address interval of the target function TesFunc.
  • the second register stores the measurement time
  • the measurement time is an integer multiple of the processor clock cycle
  • the timer 112 reads the measurement time stored in the second register as the timing duration
  • the timer 112 detects that the software to be tested starts running.
  • Start timing counting and trigger the coprocessor 11 to count the dwell time of the PC program counter pointer in the code address interval in the measurement time stored in the second register, and when the timer duration of the timer 112 arrives, to the coprocessor 11
  • the interrupt signal is transmitted, and the coprocessor 11 stops the statistical dwell time and stores the dwell time in the third register.
  • the step of the coprocessor 11 performing the statistical preset time duration of the code address interval of the target function in the measurement time includes:
  • the dwell time is increased by one processor clock cycle, and the initial value of the dwell time is zero.
  • the coprocessor 11 is configured to execute:
  • Compiling the software to be tested into assembly code and acquiring a code address interval of the target function according to the assembly code.
  • the coprocessor is also used to execute:
  • the utilization rate of the processor running the software under test is calculated according to the dwell time of the IDLE function and the measurement time.
  • the test device is a hardware device independent of the processor running the software under test, such as a hardware device including a processor or a DSP coprocessor or a custom integrated circuit chip, the test device is measuring the software. Does not occupy the hardware or software resources of the processor.
  • the dwell time of the PC pointer in the code address interval determines the load information of the objective function according to the dwell time, and can accurately estimate the load of the target function.
  • the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program is executed when executed.
  • the foregoing steps include the steps of the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种软件测试方法,包括:获取待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间;运行所述待测软件,并统计预置的测量时间内PC程序计数器指针在所述代码地址区间内的停留时间,所述测量时间为处理器时钟周期的整数倍;根据所述停留时间计算所述目标函数的负载信息。本发明实施例还提供了一种软件测试装置,采用本发明,可以准确的估计待测软件中目标函数的负载情况。

Description

一种软件测试方法及装置
技术领域
本发明涉及测试领域, 尤其涉及一种软件测试方法及装置。 背景技术
在软件的开发设计阶段,通常需要测试软件中关注的目标函数的负载情况, 以便软件开发人员根据目标函数的负载情况对软件进行优化。
在现有技术中, 为了软件中目标函数的负载情况, 采用的方案是: 1、 在 目标函数入口和出口插入测试桩代码,计算打点获得的目标函数出口和入口时 间差值, 可以得到目标函数执行消耗的时间,如此就可以获得目标函数的负载 情况。 2、提取硬件时钟,计算程序开始目标函数开始时间和结束时间的差值, 通过该差值获得目标函数的负载情况。
申请人发现, 采用方案 1测试目标函数的负载情况, 需要在软件中插入测 试转代码得专门的测试桩版本软件, 因此测试时实现不方便, 同时测试桩代码 对目标函数的负载有干扰和影响。
采用方案 2测试时,如果系统在运行其他的后台程序,可能在运行过程中 切换到其他进程中,会影响到最终结果的值, 不能准确的反映目标函数的负载 情况。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种软件测试方法及装置,可以准确的估计目标函数 的负载情况。
本发明实施例第一方面提供了一种软件测试方法, 包括:
获取待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间;
运行所述待测软件, 并统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针在所述 代码地址区间内的停留时间, 所述测量时间为处理器时钟周期的整数倍;
根据所述停留时间计算所述目标函数的负载信息。
在第一种可能的实现方式中,所述统计预置的测量时间内所述目标函数的 代码地址区间的停留时间的步骤包括:
在所述测量时间内检测到每个处理器时钟周期到来时, 获取所述 PC指针 的地址信息;
若所述地址信息位于所述目标函数的代码地址区间内,则将所述停留时间 增加一个处理器时钟周期, 所述停留时间的初始值为 0。
结合第一方面和第一种可能的实现方式,在第二种可能的实现方式中, 所 述获待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间的步骤包括:
将所述待测软件编译成汇编代码,根据所述汇编代码获取所述目标函数的 代码地址区间。
结合第一方面至第二种可能的实现方式中的任一种,在第三种可能的实现 方式中, 还包括:
若所述目标函数为 IDLE任务函数, 根据 IDLE函数的停留时间与所述测 量时间计算运行所述被测软件的处理器的利用率。
结合第一方面至第三种可能的实现方式中的任一种,在第四种可能的实现 通过定时器设置测量时间。
本发明第二方面提供了一种软件测试装置, 包括:
获取模块, 用于获取被测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间;
统计模块, 用于运行所述被测代码, 并统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序计 数器指针在所述代码地址区间内的停留时间 ,所述测量时间为处理器时钟周期 的整数倍;
计算模块, 用于根据所述停留时间计算所述目标函数的负载信息。
在第一种可能的实现方式中, 所述统计模块包括:
第一单元, 用于在所述测量时间内检测到每个处理器时钟周期到来时, 获 取所述 PC指针的地址信息;
第二单元, 用于若所述地址信息位于所述目标函数的代码地址区间内, 则 将所述停留时间增加一个处理器时钟周期, 所述停留时间的初始值为 0。
结合第二方面和第一种可能的实现方式,在第二种可能的实现方式中, 所 述获取模块用于将所述待测软件编译成汇编代码,根据所述汇编代码获取所述 目标函数的代码地址区间。
结合第二方面至第二种可能的实现方式中的任一种,在第三种可能的实现 方式中, 还包括: 处理器利用率计算模块, 用于若所述目标函数为 IDLE任务函数, 根据 IDLE函数的停留时间与所述测量时间计算运行所述被测代码的处理器的利用 率。
结合第二方面至第三种可能的实现方式中的任一种,在第三种可能的实现 方式中, 还包括:
配置模块, 用于通过处理器的定时器设置测量时间。
本发明第三方面提供了一种软件测试装置, 包括:
协处理器, 所述写处理器包括存储器和定时器
所述存储器存储待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间和测量时间,所述测 量时间为处理器时钟周期的整数倍,所述定时器读取所述存储器存储的测量时 间作为定时时长, 所述协处理器统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针在 所述代码地址区间内的停留时间, 并将所述停留时间存储至所述存储器中。
在第一种可能的实现方式中,所述协处理器执行统计预置的测量时间内所 述目标函数的代码地址区间的停留时间的步骤包括:
在所述测量时间内检测到每个处理器时钟周期到来时, 获取所述 PC指针 的地址信息;
若所述地址信息位于所述目标函数的代码地址区间内,则将所述停留时间 增加一个处理器时钟周期, 所述停留时间的初始值为 0。
结合第三方面和第一种可能的实现方式,在第二种可能的实现方式中, 所 述协处理器用于:
将所述待测软件编译成汇编代码,根据所述汇编代码获取所述目标函数的 代码地址区间。
结合第三方面至第二种可能的实现方式中的任一种,在第三种可能的实现 方式中, 所述协处理器还用于:
若所述目标函数为 IDLE任务函数, 根据 IDLE函数的停留时间与所述测 量时间计算运行所述被测软件的中央处理器的利用率。
实施本发明实施例, 具有如下有益效果:
通过获取待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间,在预置的测量时间内统计 PC指针在该代码地址区间的停留时间, 根据停留时间确定目标函数的负载信 息, 可以准确的估计目标函数的负载情况。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施 例中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍,显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是 本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的 前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1 为本发明一种软件测试方法的第一实施例的流程示意图;
图 2 为本发明一种软件测试方法的第二实施例的流程示意图;
图 3为本发明一种软件测试方法的第三实施例的流程示意图;
图 4为本发明一种软件测试装置的第一实施例的组成示意图;
图 5为本发明一种软件测试装置的第二实施例的组成示意图;
图 6为图 5中统计模块的组成示意图;
图 7和图 8为本发明的一种软件测试装置的第三实施例的组成示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是 全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参照图 1 , 为本发明调一种软件测试方法的第一实施例的流程示意图; 在本实施例中, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
S101 , 获取待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间。
代码地址区间为目标函数的代码段的首地址和尾地址之间的区域,目标函 数以二进制代码存储在内存中时, 代码段和数据段需要占用一定的内存空间, 代码段中包括至少一个指令, 在待测软件初始化时, 程序计数器 PC指针指向 待测软件的第一条指令。 测试装置内存中获取目标函数的代码地址区间。
可选的,测试装置将获取的目标函数的首地址和尾地址存储在独立配置的 地址区间寄存器中,测试装置在后续的测试过程中可以直接从该地址区间寄存 器中读取目标函数的代码地址区间。
在本发明的实施例中,测试装置为独立于运行待测软件的处理器的硬件装 置,例如为包括处理器或 DSP的协处理器或定制的集成电路芯片的硬件装置, 测试装置对软件测量时不占用处理器的硬件或软件资源。
5102, 运行所述待测软件, 并统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针 在所述代码地址区间内的停留时间。
具体的,预先通过定时器设置测量时间, 测量时间为处理器时钟周期的整 数倍, 处理器时钟周期为处理器主频的倒数,设置测量时间远远大于处理器时 钟周期。 处理器运行待测软件时, 向定时器发送一个启动指令, 指示定时器开 始计数, 测试装置统计在预置的测量时间内, PC指针在目标函数代码地址区 间内的停留时间, 当预置的测量时间到达时, 定时器向测试装置发送一个中断 信号, 指示测试停止统计停留时间。
例如, 为了便于理解, 举例中的地址均用十六进制表示, 假设目标函数的 代码地址区间用十六进制表示为 0x10000000至 0x10000500, 处理器的主频为 1GHz, 则处理器时钟周期为 10— 9S, 4叚设预置的测量时间为 1S, 测量时间远远 大于处理器时钟周期, 在定时器中设置测量时间为 1S, 处理器运行待测软件 时指示定时器启动, 同时测试装置检测处理器的时钟周期,检测处理器时钟周 期可采用检测处理器时钟信号的电平或上升沿或下降沿, 每来一个时钟周期, 测试装置就读取 PC指针的地址信息, 假设在第一个时钟周期到来时, 测试装 置读取 PC指针的地址信息为 0x10000008,判断该地址信息在目标函数的代码 地址区间内, 则 PC指针在目标函数的代码地址区间内的停留时间加 1个时钟 周期, 停留时间的初始值为 0; 假设在第 2个时钟周期到来时, 测试装置读取 PC指针的地址信息为 0x20000016, 判断该地址信息不在目标函数的代码地址 区间内, 在停留时间不增加, 以此类推, 每来一个处理器时钟周期, 测试装置 就读取 PC指针的地址信息, 判断是否在目标函数的代码地址区间内, 若在, 停留时间加 1个处理器时钟周期, 否则停留时间不变, 直到定时器的设置的测 量时间到达时, 发送中断信号至测试装置, 测试装置停止停留时间的测量, 最 终得到的累加的停留时间即为测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针在目标函数的代 码地址区间内的停留时间。 假设在设置的测量时间 1S内 PC指针停留在目标 函数的代码地址区间为 100000000个处理器时钟周期,则停留时间计算为 0.1S。
5103 , 根据所述停留时间计算所述目标函数的负载信息。
根据停留时间与测量时间的比值计算目标函数的负载信息,例如,在 S102 中, 目标函数的负载信息为: 0.1/1*100%=10%, 停留时间所占测量时间的比 值越大, 表明该目标函数的负载越大。
可选的,测试装置可以选取待测软件中若干个目标函数进行负载信息的计 算, 根据每个目标函数的负载信息对待测软件的代码进行优化。
在本实施例中,通过获取待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间,在预置的 测量时间内统计 PC指针在该代码地址区间的停留时间, 根据停留时间确定目 标函数的负载信息, 可以准确的估计目标函数的负载情况。
请参照图 2, 为本发明的一种软件测试方法的第二实施例的流程示意图; 在本实施例中, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
5201 , 获取待测软件中 IDLE函数的代码地址区间。
IDLE函数是每个协处理器都会执行的一个进程, 该函数的特点是优先级 最低, 当协处理器执行完其它任务退出后就会执行 IDLE函数。
代码地址区间为 IDLE函数的代码段的首地址和尾地址之间的区域, IDLE 函数以二进制代码存储在内存中时,代码段和数据段需要占用一定的内存空间 , 代码段中包括至少一个指令, 在待测软件初始化时, 程序计数器 PC指针指向 待测软件的第一条指令。 测试装置从内存中获取 IDLE函数的代码地址区间。
可选的,测试装置将获取的目标函数的首地址和尾地址存储在独立配置的 地址区间寄存器中,测试装置在后续的测试过程中可以直接从该地址区间寄存 器中读取目标函数的代码地址区间。
5202, 运行待测软件, 并统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针在代 码地址区间内的停留时间。
具体的,预先通过定时器设置测量时间, 测量时间为处理器时钟周期的整 数倍, 处理器时钟周期为处理器主频的倒数,设置测量时间远远大于处理器时 钟周期。 处理器运行待测软件时, 向定时器发送一个启动指令, 指示定时器开 始计数, 测试装置统计在预置的测量时间内, PC指针在 IDLE函数代码地址 区间内的停留时间, 当预置的测量时间到达时, 定时器向测试装置发送一个中 断信号, 指示测试停止统计停留时间。
可选的, 测试时间的粒度可以根据需要进行设置, 例如测试时间为指令周 期的整数倍或机器周期的整数倍, 本发明不作限制。
例如, 为了便于理解, 举例中的地址均用十六进制表示, 假设 IDLE函数 的代码地址区间用十六进制表示为 0x10000000至 0x10000500, 处理器的主频 为 1GHz, 则处理器时钟周期为 10— 9S, 4叚设预置的测量时间为 1S, 测量时间 远远大于处理器时钟周期, 在定时器中设置测量时间为 1S, 处理器运行待测 软件时指示定时器启动, 同时测试装置检测处理器的时钟周期,检测处理器时 钟周期可采用检测处理器时钟信号的电平或上升沿或下降沿,每来一个时钟周 期, 测试装置就读取 PC指针的地址信息, 假设在第一个时钟周期到来时, 测 试装置读取 PC指针的地址信息为 0x10000008, 判断该地址信息在 IDLE函数 的代码地址区间内, 则 PC指针在 IDLE函数的代码地址区间内的停留时间加 1个时钟周期, 停留时间的初始值为 0; 4叚设在第 2个时钟周期到来时, 测试 装置读取 PC指针的地址信息为 0x20000016, 判断该地址信息不在 IDLE函数 的代码地址区间内,在停留时间不增加,以此类推,每来一个处理器时钟周期, 测试装置就读取 PC指针的地址信息, 判断是否在 IDLE函数的代码地址区间 内, 若在, 停留时间加 1个处理器时钟周期, 否则停留时间不变, 直到定时器 的设置的测量时间到达时,发送中断信号至测试装置, 测试装置停止停留时间 的测量, 最终得到的累加的停留时间即为测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针在 IDLE函数的代码地址区间内的停留时间。假设在设置的测量时间 1S内 PC指 针停留在 IDLE函数的代码地址区间为 100000000个处理器时钟周期, 则停留 时间计算为 0.1S。
S203,根据 IDLE函数的停留时间与测量时间计算运行被测软件的处理器 的利用率。
根据停留时间与测量时间计算运行被测软件的处理器的利用率, 在 S202 中运行待测软件的处理器的利用率 =( 1-停留时间 /测量时间)*100%=( 1-0.1/1 ) *100%=90%, 处理器的利用率越高表明其负载越重, 处理器的利用率越大表 明其负载越轻, 操作系统可以利用处理器的利用率调节处理器处理的进程数, 以均衡处理开销。
请参照图 3, 为本发明一种软件测试方法的第三实施例的流程示意图; 在 本实施例中, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
S301 , 通过定时器设置测量时间。
测试装置通过定时器设置测量时间,测量时间设置为处理器时钟周期的整 数倍, 利于精确的计算。 例如, 假设处理器时钟周期为 io-9s, 测试时间设置 可选的, 测试时间的粒度可以根据需要进行设置, 例如测试时间为指令周 期的整数倍或机器周期的整数倍, 本发明不作限制。
S302,将待测软件编译成汇编代码,根据所述汇编代码获取目标函数的代 码地址区间。
将测试软件编译成汇编代码, 汇编代码中每个指令会分配一个存储地址, 才艮据该存储地址可以获取目标函数的首地址和尾地址, 即代码地址区间。
例如, 将一个待测软件的 Test.c的目标函数 TesFunc编译后产生汇编代码 如下:
10000000<TestFunc>:
10000000: Instruction.! —首地址为 0x10000000
10000500: Instruction_M —尾地址为 0x10000500
其中, 目标函数的代码地址区间为 10000000至 10000500, instruction表 示目标函数中包含的指令。
5303 ,运行所述待测软件,在所述测量时间内检测到每个处理器时钟周期 到来时, 获取所述 PC指针的地址信息。
检测处理器时钟周期的方法可以使检测处理器时钟信号的电平或边沿来 实现, 例如检测到处理器时钟信号的高电平时,确定一个处理器时钟周期到来
5304,若所述地址信息位于所述目标函数的代码地址区间内,则将停留时 间增加一个处理器时钟周期。
5305 , 根据停留时间计算目标函数的负载信息。
请参照图 4, 为本发明的一种软件测试装置的第一实施例的组成示意图; 在本实施例中, 所述装置包括: 获取模块 10、 统计模块 20、 计算模块 30。
获取模块 10, 用于获取被测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间。
统计模块 20, 用于运行所述被测代码, 并统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序 计数器指针在所述代码地址区间内的停留时间 ,所述测量时间为处理器时钟周 期的整数倍;
计算模块 30, 用于根据所述停留时间计算所述目标函数的负载信息。 进一步的, 参见图 5和图 6, 为本发明一种软件测试装置的第二实施例组 成结果图, 除包括获取模块 10、 统计模块 20和计算模块 30, 还包括处理器利 用率计算模块 40和配置模块 50,
处理器利用率计算模块 40,用于若所述目标函数为 IDLE任务函数,根据 IDLE函数的停留时间与所述测量时间计算运行所述被测代码的处理器的利用 率。
配置模块 50, 用于通过处理器的定时器设置测量时间。
可选的, 所述统计模块 200包括:
第一单元 201 , 用于在所述测量时间内检测到每个处理器时钟周期到来时, 获取所述 PC指针的地址信息;
第二单元 202, 用于若所述地址信息位于所述目标函数的代码地址区间内, 则将所述停留时间增加一个处理器时钟周期, 所述停留时间的初始值为 0。
所述获取模块 10具体用于:
将所述待测软件编译成汇编代码, 根据所述汇编代码获取所述目标函数的 代码地址区间。
请参照图 7和图 8, 为本发明一种软件测试装置的第三实施例的组成示意 图; 在本实施例中, 以下筒称测试装置 1 , 测试装置 1包括协处理器 11、 协处 理器 11包括定时器 111和存储器 112, 测试装置 1中的协处理器 11的数量可 以是一个或多个, 图 7以一个协处理器为例。 本发明的一些实施例中, 测试装 置 1与处理器 2连接, 处理器 2用于运行所述待测软件, 测试装置 1和处理器 2相互独立, 测试装置 1不占用处理器 2的硬件或软件资源。
可选的, 参见图 8, 测试装置 1可以为处理器 2的一个定制的单元, 测试 装置 1属于处理器 2的一部分,测试装置 1不占用处理器 2的硬件或软件资源。
其工作原理为:存储器 111中存储待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间和 测量时间, 所述测量时间为处理器时钟周期的整数倍, 定时器 112读取所述存 储器存储的测量时间作为定时时长, 协处理器 11用于执行以下操作:
统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针在所述代码地址区间内的停留 时间, 并将所述停留时间存储至存储器 111中。
具体的, 本发明的测试装置 1与运行待测软件的装置独立, 不占用运行待 测软件的装置的硬件或软件资源。存储器 111中包括第一寄存器、 第二寄存器 和第三寄存器, 所述第一寄存器存储待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间, 即 目标函数的首地址和尾地址。假设将一个待测软件的 Test.c的目标函数 TesFunc 编译后产生汇编代码如下:
10000000<TestFunc>:
10000000: Instruction.! —首地址为 0x10000000
10000500: Instruction_M —尾地址为 0x10000500
其中, 目标函数的代码地址区间为 0x10000000 (首地址) 至 0x10000500 (尾地址 ) , instruction表示目标函数中包含的指令,所述第一存储器存储有目 标函数 TesFunc的代码地址区间。
所述第二寄存器存储测量时间, 测量时间为处理器时钟周期的整数倍, 定 时器 112读取所述第二寄存器中存储的测量时间作为定时时长,定时器 112检 测到待测软件开始运行时, 开始定时计数, 并触发协处理器 11统计所述第二 寄存器中存储的测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针在代码地址区间内的停留时间 , 定时器 112的定时时长到达时, 向协处理器 11发送中断信号, 协处理器 11停 止统计停留时间, 并将停留时间存储至所述第三寄存器中。
可选的, 协处理器 11执行统计预置的测量时间内所述目标函数的代码地 址区间的停留时间的步骤包括:
在所述测量时间内检测到每个处理器时钟周期到来时, 获取所述 PC指针 的地址信息;
若所述地址信息位于所述目标函数的代码地址区间内,则将所述停留时间 增加一个处理器时钟周期, 所述停留时间的初始值为 0。
可选的, 协处理器 11用于执行:
将所述待测软件编译成汇编代码,根据所述汇编代码获取所述目标函数的 代码地址区间。
可选的, 协处理器还用于执行:
若所述目标函数为 IDLE任务函数, 根据 IDLE函数的停留时间与所述测 量时间计算运行所述被测软件的处理器的利用率。
在本发明的实施例中,测试装置为独立于运行待测软件的处理器的硬件装 置,例如为包括处理器或 DSP的协处理器或定制的集成电路芯片的硬件装置, 测试装置对软件测量时不占用处理器的硬件或软件资源。 通过上述实施例的描述, 本发明具有以下优点:
通过获取待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间,在预置的测量时间内统计
PC指针在该代码地址区间的停留时间, 根据停留时间确定目标函数的负载信 息, 可以准确的估计目标函数的负载情况。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解:实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可 以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成,前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存 储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤; 而前述的存储 介质包括: ROM、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的一种软件测试方法及装置进行了详细介绍, 说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想; 同时,对于本领域的一般 技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处, 综上所述, 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种软件测试方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间;
运行所述待测软件, 并统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针在所述 代码地址区间内的停留时间, 所述测量时间为处理器时钟周期的整数倍; 根据所述停留时间计算所述目标函数的负载信息。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述统计预置的测量时间内 所述目标函数的代码地址区间的停留时间的步骤包括:
在所述测量时间内检测到每个处理器时钟周期到来时, 获取所述 PC指针 的地址信息;
若所述地址信息位于所述目标函数的代码地址区间内,则将所述停留时间 增加一个处理器时钟周期, 所述停留时间的初始值为 0。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述获待测软件中目标 函数的代码地址区间的步骤包括:
将所述待测软件编译成汇编代码,根据所述汇编代码获取所述目标函数的 代码地址区间。
4、 如权利要求 1-3任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
若所述目标函数为 IDLE任务函数, 根据 IDLE函数的停留时间与所述测 量时间计算运行所述被测软件的处理器的利用率。
5、 如权利要求 1-4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述获取待测软件中目标 函数的代码地址区间的步骤之前, 还包括:
通过定时器设置测量时间。
6、 一种软件测试装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取模块, 用于获取被测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间; 统计模块, 用于运行所述被测代码, 并统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序计 数器指针在所述代码地址区间内的停留时间 ,所述测量时间为处理器时钟周期 的整数倍;
计算模块, 用于根据所述停留时间计算所述目标函数的负载信息。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述统计模块包括: 第一单元, 用于在所述测量时间内检测到每个处理器时钟周期到来时, 获 取所述 PC指针的地址信息;
第二单元, 用于若所述地址信息位于所述目标函数的代码地址区间内, 则 将所述停留时间增加一个处理器时钟周期, 所述停留时间的初始值为 0。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述获取模块用于将所述待
9、 如权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括:
处理器利用率计算模块, 用于若所述目标函数为 IDLE任务函数, 根据 IDLE函数的停留时间与所述测量时间计算运行所述被测代码的处理器的利用 率。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括:
配置模块, 用于通过处理器的定时器设置测量时间。
11、 一种软件测试装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
协处理器, 所述协处理器包括存储器和定时器
所述存储器存储待测软件中目标函数的代码地址区间和测量时间,所述测 量时间为处理器时钟周期的整数倍,所述定时器读取所述存储器存储的测量时 间作为定时时长, 所述协处理器统计预置的测量时间内 PC程序计数器指针在 所述代码地址区间内的停留时间, 并将所述停留时间存储至所述存储器中。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述协处理器执行统计预 置的测量时间内所述目标函数的代码地址区间的停留时间的步骤包括: 在所述测量时间内检测到每个处理器时钟周期到来时, 获取所述 PC指针 的地址信息;
若所述地址信息位于所述目标函数的代码地址区间内,则将所述停留时间 增加一个处理器时钟周期, 所述停留时间的初始值为 0。
13、 如权利要求 11或 12所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述协处理器用于: 将所述待测软件编译成汇编代码,根据所述汇编代码获取所述目标函数的 代码地址区间。
14、 如权利要求 11-13任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述协处理器还 用于:
若所述目标函数为 IDLE任务函数, 根据 IDLE函数的停留时间与所述测 量时间计算运行所述被测软件的处理器的利用率。
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