WO2015038025A1

WO2015038025A1 - Method and installation for utilizing solid household waste in landfills

Info

Publication number: WO2015038025A1
Application number: PCT/RU2013/000798
Authority: WO
Inventors: Гуля Абаевна ДЖАМАЛОВА; Александр Васильевич ГАРАБАДЖИУ; Александр Александрович ШЕВЧЕНКО
Original assignee: Jamalova Gulya Abaevna; Garabadzhiu Aleksandr Vasil Evich; Shevchenko Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Priority date: 2013-09-16
Filing date: 2013-09-16
Publication date: 2015-03-19
Also published as: RU2601062C1

Abstract

The invention relates to the utilization of solid household waste by using a multifunctional installation in landfills. The technical result consists in accelerating the utilization of solid household waste, in broadening and improving the engineering and technological capabilities of the proposed installation, and in preventing contaminants from being released into the surrounding environment. The technical result is achieved in that, prior to loading the solid household waste, the same undergoes radiation and dosimetry monitoring, the utilization of the solid household waste is carried out in two stages, wherein waste from one utilization zone moves into another zone naturally and continuously under the influence of its own weight, in the process of a portion of recycled or spent waste mass falling during unloading. In the first stage, the solid household waste undergoes aerobic and anaerobic treatment, resulting in the formation of biogas, which is then used for producing thermal and electrical energy. In the second stage of utilization, the solid household waste undergoes thermal decomposition, during which a portion of the waste which was not treated in a biodegradation area undergoes intensive drying and heating under the influence of hot gas, then undergoes pyrolysis, resulting in pyrogas which, following cooling and purification, is also used for producing thermal and electrical energy. Pyrocarbonate produced as a result of the pyrolysis is used in purifying a filtrate which is released in the process of biodegradation. Other solid household waste, which was rendered harmless by the installation, is cooled, unloaded and send for disposal.

Description

Method and installation for the disposal of municipal solid waste at landfills

The proposed method for the disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) using a multifunctional installation at landfills relates to the field of public utilities, environmental protection, biotechnology and bioenergy, and is aimed at the controlled, regulated and continuously accelerated biochemical and thermochemical decomposition of a moving under its own the weight of solid waste with the production of heat and electric energy.

At present, the following key positions are the basis for the method of disposal of solid waste at landfills, regardless of the economic development of the state: the creation of a landfill by dumping solid waste with rolling in the ground; immobility of the landfill body ("passivity"); the process of decomposition of the landfill at the geotechnogenic level is uncontrolled and unregulated, it takes a long time (tens to hundreds of years) due to the “passivity” of the landfill, takes place in large areas, is accompanied by the emission of xenobiotics and the manifestation of changes in the flora and fauna. Thus, the cheapness of landfills is a relative concept, and, lately, more and more criticized by environmentalists, because their arguments are becoming increasingly convincing.

There are various technical solutions in the field of solid waste disposal.

So, the pyrolysis complex for the disposal of solid waste is known (RF patent for IZ J492406747, IPC С10В53 / 00, В09ВЗ / 00, F23G5 / 027, published on December 20, 2010). The known complex includes an inclined pyrolysis reactor for the thermal decomposition of solid waste with loading and unloading devices, a waste heating device using its own pyrolysis gas, a pyrolysis gas cooling and purification unit and a gas burner, in addition, a pyrolysis reactor mounted aboard a high-altitude landfill, made of concrete rings, loading and unloading devices are made in the form of sealed box-type feeders, a gas burner is located at the base of the pyrolysis reactor, at parallel to the pyrolysis reactor, there is a tubular section collector connected to the pyrolysis reactor using numerous nozzles equipped with perforated heat-resistant gaskets, designed to divert water vapor into the atmosphere from the upper zone of the pyrolysis reactor, where the waste is dried, and to discharge pyrolysis gas to a gas burner from the lower zone of the pyrolysis reactor, where thermochemical decomposition of waste is carried out. A known installation of solid waste disposal at landfills (RF application for PM JsTe 2013126297 from 05/20/2013), which is selected as a prototype. The complex includes an elongated chamber, located obliquely on the slope of the natural elevation of a particular area, in the upper part of which there is an access path for filling waste into the chamber through the hatch, in the lower part of which there is a shutter for filling the processed and decontaminated solid waste mass. The elongated chamber consists of an aerobic waste processing section, anaerobic waste processing section, a pyrolysis section and an accumulation section for processing products and waste.

A known method of processing solid waste (RF patent for IZ 2294319, IPC C05F9 / 00, V09BZ / 00, published. 02.27.2007). A method of processing solid waste, which consists of sorting waste, biothermal sanitation in bio-drums with the addition of an activating composition and subsequent composting in collars, characterized in that the composition of readily available sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and growth activators of microorganisms in the form of solutions in dosages that ensure active colonization of the substrate by indigenous thermophilic microorganisms.

There is also known a method of disposing of waste containing organic matter (RF patent for IZ 22338122, IPC F23G5 / 027, published. 10.1 1.2008). selected as a prototype. A method for utilizing wastes containing organic materials, including chlorine-containing and infected, including loading wastes into a thermal decomposition chamber (KTR), heating and decomposing organic matter in KTR - pyrolysis, with the formation of gaseous and solid products, their burning, catalytic neutralization, cooling in the heat exchanger and dust cleaning of flue gases, characterized in that the waste is loaded into the thermal decomposition chamber through a sluice device constantly washed with an inert gas, the waste is exposed t oxygen-free thermal decomposition - pyrolysis, at a temperature of 550-700 ° C in a metal chamber heated externally by flue gases from burning external fuel in a burner located in close proximity to it, flue gases from a cyclone furnace obtained from combustion in it at a temperature of 1200–1300 ° С of gaseous pyrolysis products, and flue gases from the combustion of solid pyrolysis products on the grate, and the heat transfer in the internal volume of the thermal decomposition chamber intensifies the constant by mixing the waste and creating an artificial circulation of the gas phase by supplying inert gas heated to 600–700 ° C to its lower part, the preparation of which is carried out due to the thermal potential flue gas, the gaseous products from the thermal decomposition chamber are injected into the cyclone furnace by injection, moreover, air injected under pressure, preheated to 350-400 ° C, is used as the injection medium, the flue gases trapped in the scrubber are sent for re-injection pyrolysis into a thermal decomposition chamber, and the entire process is carried out under vacuum.

The proposed method and installation for the disposal of solid waste, in comparison with prototypes and analogues, provide a comprehensive continuously-accelerated processing of the naturally moving mass of solid waste, with the receipt of thermal and electric energy.

The objective of the invention is to provide a comprehensive continuous-accelerated processing of solid waste at the landfill, based on the created installation for the production of biogas and pyrogas, the natural movement of waste in the process of intensive processing with simultaneous mixing of waste, the introduction of corrective solutions and selection of gases from them and the filtrate, by tilting the installation with an elongated chamber.

The technical result of the invention is to accelerate the disposal of solid waste, to expand and improve the engineering and technological capabilities of the proposed installation, to prevent the ingress of pollutants into the environment.

The technical result is achieved in that in a method for the disposal of solid waste on landfills, including loading waste into the facility, biodegradation and thermal decomposition with the formation of gaseous and solid products, neutralization, cooling and accumulation of processed products, according to the invention, before loading radiation and dosimetric control of the mass of solid waste, the disposal of solid waste is carried out in two stages, and waste from one disposal zone to another flows naturally and continuously under the influence of its own weight, into the process e fall of a portion of the processed or spent solid waste mass at the next unloading. At the same time, at the first stage of solid waste disposal, they are subjected to aerobic and anaerobic processing, as a result of which biogas is produced, which is then supplied to generate thermal and electric energy, thermal decomposition undergoes thermal decomposition at the second stage of solid waste disposal, in which part waste, under the influence of hot gas, undergoes intensive drying and heating, then pyrolysis, the result of which is pyrogas, which, after cooling and purification, also goes to the production of heat and electricity th energy. Pyrocarbonate obtained as a result of pyrolysis is used in purification of the filtrate, which is released during biodegradation. Other solid fractions of waste disposed of in the plant are discharged after cooling and sent for disposal.

Aerobic processing lasts 24-48 hours, at a temperature of 45-60 ° C, pH 6.5-7.

Anaerobic processing lasts 960-1440 hours, at a temperature of 55-60 ° C, pH 5-6 - at the beginning of processing, pH 7.5-8.5 - at the end of processing.

As a result of biodegradation, up to 70% of organic waste is recycled, or up to 30-40% of raw waste.

Thermal decomposition by the pyrolysis method, to which the waste remaining after biodegradation is subjected (up to 40-60% of the raw material), lasts 24 hours, at a temperature of 600-1100 ° С.

Also, the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the installation of solid waste disposal at landfills, including an elongated solid waste processing chamber, located obliquely on the slope of the natural elevation of a particular area, in the upper part of which there is an access path for filling the solid waste into the elongated chamber through the hatch, in the lower part of which there is a shutter for dumping the processed and neutralized solid waste mass, and the elongated chamber consists of sequentially located biodegradation zones, thermal decomposition zones, including the pyrolysis section, the cooling zone and the accumulation of processed products, according to the invention, the biodegradation zone includes two sections - an aerobic and anaerobic solid waste processing section, in which a multifunctional design is mounted - blades for mixing the mass of solid waste moving under its own weight, introducing water and corrective solutions, collecting and removing biogas and a device for collecting and removing filtrate. Hatches designed for sampling are installed in different places on the side wall of the chamber. At the same time, in the zone of thermal decomposition, a section for drying and heating the processed solid waste mass and a gas chamber were additionally introduced to prevent air from entering the pyrolysis section from below. The gas shutter is closed at the top and bottom with shutters, the simultaneous opening of which is impossible.

Outside, a ladder / elevator is mounted on the side surface of the chamber to service the installation.

The walls of the elongated chamber are made of cast reinforced concrete, or precast concrete rings, or corrosion-resistant metal. The blades intended for mixing the solid waste moving under its own weight of the processed solid waste are mounted cantilever, with a slope of 15-20 °, to slide the hanging material. The blades consist of a flange with chemically resistant sheet steel with a thickness of 2-2.5 mm and a whole plane welded to it, in the form of an oblique quadrangle mounted at an angle of 40-50 ° to the vertical. Along the long sides of the planes and through openings in the flange, power perforated pipes 60–80 mm in diameter pass, made of steel, intended for collecting and withdrawing biogas, supplying water and a correction solution to the processed solid waste mass. Power perforated pipes have outlet pipes.

A device for collecting and discharging the filtrate mounted in the biodegradation zone consists of a gutter with a protective net made in the form of a cast-iron perforated plate with a container in the lower part - a water collector and a drain pipe.

The gutter capacity of the device for collecting and discharging the filtrate is made in the form of a pocket, from which the filtrate is discharged to the outside through an outlet pipe.

The chamber has a longitudinal prefabricated large groove and a grid of small oblique adjacent grooves.

The pyrolysis section consists of gates, a combustion chamber, a flame arrester, reflectors, a pyrogas collector, and an air heat exchanger.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the following figures:

figure 1., which shows a diagram of the proposed method for the disposal of solid waste at landfills, where:

1- MSW delivery;

2- radiation and dosimetric control of solid waste;

3- loading solid waste into the installation (raw 100%);

4- installation;

5- biodegradation zone;

6- thermal decomposition zone;

7- accumulation zone;

8- aerobic processing section;

9- anaerobic processing section;

10- section of drying and heating;

1 1- pyrolysis section;

12- section of the gas chamber; 13-filtrate;

14- cleaning;

15 biogas;

16-pyrogas;

17- cooling;

18- cleaning;

19- electric and thermal energy;

20 - unloading of waste (up to 10-30% of raw);

21 - pyrocarbonate;

22 - burial of neutralized waste for the environment (up to 10-20% of the raw material);

23 - economic zone;

24- service point of installation 4;

25- corrective solutions and additives;

26- foreign market;

27- carbon dioxide.

FIG. 2, which shows the installation 4 of solid waste disposal (a - side view; b - front view), where:

28- section of aerobic waste processing;

29th section of anaerobic waste processing;

30- section of drying and heating for the processed mass of solid waste;

31- pyrolysis section;

32-gas lock chamber;

33 - zone of cooling and accumulation of processed products;

34- hatch for filling waste;

35 - hatch for sampling section 28;

36 - hatch for sampling section 29;

37- damper for filling the processed and neutralized solid waste mass;

38- staircase / elevator for maintenance of installation 4;

39 - driveway;

Fig. 3, which shows the installation 4 (a - with two cameras, b - with three cameras); figure 4, which shows the design of the blades (a - front side, b - side view), where:

40- power pipe;

41- plane;

42- flange;

43 - perforation in the pipe;

44-outlet pipes;

figure 5, which shows a device for collecting and output of the filtrate (a - the location of the troughs to collect the filtrate; b - the location of the troughs for draining the filtrate), where:

45- trench;

46 - a protective grid;

47- water collector;

48 - branch pipe;

49- longitudinal large gutter;

50 - small oblique adjacent grooves;

FIG. 6, which depicts a pyrolysis section 31 (direct design option) for an obliquely disposed disposal unit 4, where:

51 - shutters;

52- combustion chamber;

53 - flame arrester;

54- reflectors;

55- collection of pyrogas;

56- air heat exchanger.

Delivered to the MSW landfill 1 (Fig. 1), after radiation and dosimetric control 2, they are loaded into a multifunctional installation 4 for complex continuous-accelerated processing. The entire processing process in installation 4 proceeds under strict control and regulation. Waste from one disposal zone to another comes naturally and continuously under the influence of its own weight, in the process of dropping a portion of the processed or spent solid waste mass at the next unloading. 4 solid waste loaded into the plant (100% raw) pass through biodegradation zone 5, thermal decomposition zone 6 and accumulation zone 7. In installation 4, the processes of biodegradation of waste occur in section 8 of aerobic processing and section 9 of anaerobic processing. The substrate, which was not processed in biodegradation zone 5, enters the thermal decomposition zone 6, and under the action of hot gas, it undergoes intensive drying and heating in section 10, then pyrolysis in section 1 1. Waste, after thermal decomposition in zone 6, goes to section 12 the gas chamber for primary cooling, then to the accumulation zone 7 for secondary cooling and subsequent unloading. After unloading 20 waste (up to 10 - 30% of the raw material) from unit 4 is sent for burial 22 (up to 10-20% of the raw material).

As a result of anaerobic processing in section 9, biogas 15 is obtained, which, after purification 18, is converted into thermal or electric energy 19 for internal and external consumption. Inside the landfill, thermal and electric energy 19 is supplied to the economic zone 23, to the service point 24 of the installation 4 and to the installation 4.

The result of pyrolysis is pyrogas 16, which, after cooling 17 and purification 18, is supplied to generate heat and electric energy 19 for the own needs of the landfill (business zone 23, service point 24, installation 4) and external consumer 26. Pyrocarbonate obtained as a result of pyrolysis 21 and other fractions, after passing through section 12 of the gas chamber, enter the accumulation zone 7, after which pyrocarbonate 21 is used to purify 14 of the filtrate 13, and the rest, waste neutralized after thermal decomposition (up to 10-20% o tons of raw material) are poured out for shipment 22.

In zone 5 of biodegradation, temperature, humidity, pH, chemical composition and seed contamination of the substrate, the amount and composition of the filtrate 13 are monitored. As a result of biodegradation, up to 70% of organic waste, or up to 30-40% of raw waste, is processed.

Additionally, in section 9 of anaerobic processing, the following is subjected to control: pressure at control points, amount and composition of biogas 15.

In zone 6 of thermal decomposition, in addition to temperature, the gas regime is important. The waste remaining after biodegradation (up to 40-60% of the raw material) is subjected to thermal decomposition. The pyrolysis processing process must occur in the absence of oxygen. The supply of oxygen from above is excluded, because the waste comes from anaerobic processing section 9. In order to prevent oxygen from entering from below, a section 12 of the gas chamber is applied, where after cleaning 18, an excess pressure of carbon dioxide 27 is applied. Aerobic processing in section 8 lasts 24-48 hours, at a temperature of 45-60 ° C, pH 6.5-7. Anaerobic processing in section 9 lasts 960-1440 hours, at a temperature of 55-60 ° С, pH 5-6 - at the beginning of processing, pH 7.5-8.5 - at the end of processing.

Thermal decomposition by pyrolysis lasts 24 hours, at a temperature of 600-

1100 ° C.

A multifunctional installation 4 for the disposal of solid waste at landfills, including an elongated chamber, is located obliquely on the slope of the natural elevation of a particular area (Fig. 2), in the upper part of which there is a driveway 39 for filling the solid waste into the elongated chamber through the hatch 34, in the lower parts of which there is a damper 37 for filling the processed and neutralized solid waste mass.

The walls of the chamber are made of cast reinforced concrete, or precast concrete rings, or corrosion-resistant metal. With an increase in the number of installation chambers (Fig. 3), the volume of recyclable waste and the generation of heat and electric energy increase.

Outside, a ladder / elevator 38 is attached to the side surface of the chamber to serve the installation.

Multifunctional installation 4 (Fig. 2), made in the form of a single cylinder, is a “part of the landfill” - an inclined core with all its contents, including the processes occurring in them (biothermoreactor). Unlike the landfill, the biochemical processes of waste disposal in the installation:

- occur in the driving, due to its own weight, mass of waste;

- occur in strictly controlled, regulated and controlled conditions;

- performed at an accelerated pace.

The installation is fixed on a slope (mountain, hill, ravine, quarry) - pile or scalloped, with a lower support at the base, by cutting into the soil of the slope, or without a tie - with fixing on the surface.

The inclined installation location (Fig.2, b) has the following advantages:

- the natural movement of waste down under its own weight in the process of dropping a portion of the processed mass at the next unloading;

- reducing the load from the lower base due to the distribution of pressure of the entire structure with its contents over a large area;

- reduction of the vertical pressure of the mass and the speed of advancement of the mass, as a result of which the load on the elements built-in inside the installation is facilitated; - 4 support points distributed along the entire length of the installation give the design greater reliability and seismic stability.

The installation cross section is round or oval, for the following reasons:

- this form better withstands the pressure of solid waste;

- the movement of solid waste, with this section, is more uniform, without delay in the corners;

- the filtrate stock is concentrated at the bottom of the circle or oval, then discharged.

The multifunctional installation 4 consists of a sequentially located biodegradation zone, including an aerobic section 28 and anaerobic waste processing section 29 with hatches 35 on the side wall, a thermal decomposition zone, consisting of a drying and heating section 30, a pyrolysis section 31 and a gas chamber 32, zones 33 cooling and accumulation of processed products. The gas chamber 32 is designed to prevent air from entering the pyrolysis section 31 from below. The gas shutter chamber 32 is closed at the top and bottom with shutters, the simultaneous opening of which is impossible.

Inside the biodegradation zone, a multifunctional structure is mounted - blades (Fig. 4), designed to mix the processed solid waste mass moving under its own weight, collect and withdraw biogas, introduce water and correction solutions, and a device for collecting and discharging the filtrate (Fig. 5) )

The blades (figure 4), consisting of a flange 42 with a solid plane 41 welded to it, made in the form of an oblique quadrangle mounted at an angle of 40-50 ° to the vertical, are mounted cantilever, with a downward inclination of 15-20 °, for slipping of hanging material. With this installation of the blades, the substrate flow moving under its own weight will spread, slide off the upper edge and the plane of the blade, and parts of it will change the direction of movement. Thanks to the blades, the loosening of the mass occurs, which improves the selection of biogas, and positively affects the processing speed. Along the long sides of the planes 41 and through holes in the flange 42, power pipes 40 with perforation 43, made of steel, are used for collecting biogas, supplying water and correction solution to the processed mass of solid waste. Flange 42 and plane 41 of the blades are made of chemically resistant sheet steel with a thickness of 2-2.5 mm. Power tubes of 40 blades have a diameter of 60-80 mm. Power tubes 40, by location in the chamber, may be: longitudinal, mounted in the walls of the chamber; MSW masses entering the internal volume and combined with inclined mixing planes. Power tubes 40 have outlet pipes 44 located in different places along the entire height of the zones of the chamber, so that the moistening and addition of solutions can be done selectively and narrowly at the desired height.

The mounted device for collecting and discharging the filtrate (Fig. 5) consists of a chute 45 with a protective mesh 46, with a container in the lower part - a water collector 47 and a drain pipe 48. The protective mesh 46 of the chute 45 for collecting and discharging the filtrate is made in the form of cast iron perforated plate. The capacity of the chute 45 of the device for collecting and discharging the filtrate is made in the form of a pocket from which the filtrate is discharged out through the drain pipe 48.

For one installation 4, three or four gutters 45 are sufficient, arranged sequentially, one after the other, along the entire length of the chamber. Moreover, in the chamber there is one longitudinal prefabricated large groove 49 and a grid of small oblique adjacent grooves 50.

For the oblique installation of solid waste disposal 4, the pyrolysis section 31 is made in the direct design and consists of valves 51, a combustion chamber 52, a flame arrester 53, reflectors 54, a pyrogas collector 55, and an air heat exchanger 56.

The advantages of the invention:

- obtaining biogas, pyrogas, thermal and electric energy;

- continuous process of processing solid waste;

- the processing process is carried out under strict control, management and regulation;

- during processing, MSW naturally moves from one zone to another under its own weight;

- maintainability;

- an additional reduction in the cost of the disposal method using installation 4, through the use of so-called “waste” land that does not have commercial value, such as the slopes of mountains, hills, ravines, quarries;

- a significant reduction in the technogenic load of the landfill on the environment with the help of: gas treatment facilities - processing and disposal of the output of harmful gaseous substances, sedimentation tanks - collection and purification of the filtrate by adding reagents and their reuse in the installation;

- burial of neutralized and neutralized residues of solid waste that have not undergone processing in the installation.

Thus, the proposed method for the disposal of solid waste using the installation at landfills, based on the following main principles: The movement of solid waste on the territory of the landfill in space and time proceeds under strict control, management and regulation;

the landfill during processing and disposal, due to the inclined position of the plant, is in a natural, under its own weight movement; control, management and regulation of processes occur at the level of:

disposal, processing and disposal of solid waste,

formation, isolation and purification of pollutants,

education, allocation, processing and use of secondary resources,

production of heat and electric energy;

accelerated and continuous disposal process;

a significant reduction in the time required for waste disposal; areas required for the operation of new generation landfills; pollutant emissions.

The proposed method for the disposal of solid waste using a multifunctional installation will significantly eliminate the current disadvantages of solid waste disposal at landfills.

Claims

Claim

1. A method for the disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) at landfills, including the loading of waste into the plant, biodegradation and thermal decomposition with the formation of gaseous and solid products, neutralization, cooling and accumulation of processed products,

It is important that, before loading, radiation and dosimetric control of the mass of solid waste is carried out, the disposal of solid waste is carried out in two stages, and the waste from one disposal zone to another comes naturally and continuously under - due to its own weight, in the process of dropping a portion of the processed or spent solid waste mass at the next unloading,

at the first stage of solid waste disposal, they are subjected to aerobic and anaerobic processing, as a result of which biogas is produced, which is then fed to the generation of thermal and electric energy,

at the second stage of solid waste disposal, they undergo thermal decomposition, during which the part of the waste that has not been processed in the biodegradation zone, under the influence of hot gas, undergoes intensive drying and heating, then pyrolysis, which results in pyrogas, which, after cooling and purification, also to generate heat and electric energy,

pyrocarbonate obtained as a result of pyrolysis is used in the purification of filtrate, which is released during biodegradation,

other solid fractions of the waste neutralized in the installation are unloaded after cooling and sent for burial.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that aerobic processing lasts 24-48 hours, at a temperature of 45-60 ° C, pH 6.5-7.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the anaerobic processing lasts 960-1440 hours, at a temperature of 55-60 ° C, pH 5-6 - at the beginning of processing, pH 7.5-8.5 - at the end of processing.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a result of biodegradation up to 70% of organic waste is processed, or up to 30-40% of raw waste.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal decomposition by pyrolysis lasts 24 hours, at a temperature of 600-1 100 ° C.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste remaining after biodegradation (up to 40-60% of the raw material) is subjected to thermal decomposition.

7. Installation of solid waste disposal at landfills, including an elongated solid waste processing chamber, located obliquely on the slope of the natural elevation of a particular area, in the upper part of which there is an access path for filling the solid waste into the elongated chamber through the hatch, in the lower part of which there is a shutter for sections of the processed and neutralized solid waste mass, and the elongated chamber consists of sequentially located biodegradation zones, thermal decomposition zones, including a pyrolysis section, cooling and accumulation zones processed products, with the fact that

the biodegradation zone includes two sections - the aerobic and anaerobic solid waste processing section, in which a multifunctional structure is mounted - blades for mixing the processed solid waste mass moving under its own weight, collecting and removing biogas, introducing water and correction solutions and a device for collecting and removing the filtrate,

on the side wall of the chamber in different places installed hatches designed for sampling,

in the thermal decomposition zone, an additional section for drying and heating the processed solid waste mass and a gas chamber were introduced to prevent air from entering the pyrolysis section from below,

Outside, a ladder / elevator is mounted on the side surface of the chamber to serve the unit.

8. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the walls of the elongated chamber are made of cast reinforced concrete, or precast concrete rings, or corrosion-resistant metal.

9. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the blades consist of a flange with a solid plane welded to it, made in the form of an oblique quadrangle mounted at an angle of 40-50 ⁰ to the vertical.

10. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the mounted device for collecting and discharging the filtrate consists of a gutter with a protective net, with a reservoir in the lower part - a water collector and a drain pipe.

1 1. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the camera has a longitudinal assembled large groove and a grid of small oblique adjacent grooves.

12. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the pyrolysis section consists of gates, a combustion chamber, a flame arrestor, reflectors, a pyrogas collector and an air heat exchanger.

13. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the gas shutter is closed at the top and bottom by shutters, the simultaneous opening of which is impossible.

14. Installation according to claim 9, characterized in that the blades are mounted cantilever, with a slope of 15-20 ° downward for sliding the hanging material.

15. Installation according to claim 10, characterized in that along the long sides of the planes and through the holes in the flange pass power perforated pipes made of steel and designed to collect and withdraw biogas, supply water and a correction solution to the processed mass of solid waste.

16. Installation according to claim 11, characterized in that the flange and the plane of the blades are made of chemically resistant sheet steel with a thickness of 2-2.5 mm.

17. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the power perforated tubes of the blades have a diameter of 60-80 mm.

18. Installation according to claim 11, characterized in that the power perforated pipes have outlet pipes.

19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the protective mesh of the chute for collecting and discharging the filtrate is made in the form of a cast-iron perforated plate.

20. Installation according to claim 15, characterized in that the gutter capacity of the device for collecting and discharging the filtrate is made in the form of a pocket, from which the filtrate is discharged outward through an outlet pipe.