WO2015035709A1 - 一种两级雾化的双流体喷射装置 - Google Patents

一种两级雾化的双流体喷射装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015035709A1
WO2015035709A1 PCT/CN2013/087511 CN2013087511W WO2015035709A1 WO 2015035709 A1 WO2015035709 A1 WO 2015035709A1 CN 2013087511 W CN2013087511 W CN 2013087511W WO 2015035709 A1 WO2015035709 A1 WO 2015035709A1
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Prior art keywords
spray gun
atomizing
nozzle
inlet
duct
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PCT/CN2013/087511
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱廷钰
叶猛
刘�文
齐枫
李欢
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中国科学院过程工程研究所
河北环科力创环境工程有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201310418834.XA external-priority patent/CN103506233B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201320570439.9U external-priority patent/CN203508242U/zh
Application filed by 中国科学院过程工程研究所, 河北环科力创环境工程有限公司 filed Critical 中国科学院过程工程研究所
Publication of WO2015035709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015035709A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/79Injecting reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283Flue gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of flue gas purification, in particular to an injection device for circulating fluidized bed semi-dry desulfurization and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) denitration.
  • SNCR selective non-catalytic reduction
  • Nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide are key pollutants causing complex air pollution in China.
  • the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan” outlines that the total amount of sulfur dioxide should reach the target of 8% reduction.
  • nitrogen oxides should be included in the binding index system for the first time, requiring a 10% reduction. It can be seen that nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide have become China's current air pollution. The focus of governance.
  • Circulating fluidized bed semi-dry desulfurization technology and boiler selective non-catalytic reduction SNCR denitration technology is one of the main desulfurization and denitration technologies currently used.
  • the core equipment of the two desulfurization and denitration technologies is the injection device, and the performance of the injection device directly affects the removal efficiency and operating cost.
  • the atomization effect of the spraying device is good, and the contact effect between the reactant and the flue gas can be greatly improved, and the reaction efficiency is improved. Improving the structure of the injection device and optimizing the atomization form can reduce the consumption of reactants and compressed air under the premise of ensuring the reaction efficiency, which has been the research direction of the technicians.
  • Chinese patent CN102160964A reports an SNCR denitration multi-nozzle long gun ejector with at least two nozzles per nozzle and a water-cooled spray gun with an inlet for the reactant inlet, an atomizing compressed air inlet, a cooling water inlet and cooling. Water outlet, this type of spray gun has a large flow rate of a single spray gun.
  • Chinese patent CN102527217A discloses an SNCR wall injector comprising a gun body assembly and a nozzle assembly, the gun body assembly including a pipe assembly and a nozzle assembly, the nozzle assembly including a nozzle and a nozzle connection mixing device. The gun is cooled by air.
  • Chinese patent CN201807462U reports a self-aspirating dual-flow high-efficiency atomizing nozzle, which is characterized by the use of compressed air to atomize the liquid, and the reflecting cone is conical, which reduces power consumption, reduces droplet diameter, and improves fog.
  • the advantages of the uniformity of the droplet size and the atomization coverage radius are suitable for the application of desulfurization and atomization.
  • the second air-cooling spray gun for denitration has a single atomization form, poor atomization effect, and large consumption of compressed air.
  • the third type of desulfurization spray gun is a general atomization structure, the diameter of the droplet is large, and the flow adjustment ratio of the spray gun is small. The atomization effects of these three desulfurization and denitration injection devices have to be improved.
  • a two-stage atomized two-fluid injection device which adopts a two-stage atomization form of compressed air, and a primary atomization wind and a preliminary mixing of the reactants are initially atomized, Stage atomizing wind Secondary atomization is performed to improve the contact effect between the reactants and the flue gas, improve the reaction efficiency, and reduce the operating cost.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is a two-stage atomized two-fluid injection device for atomizing and ejecting a reactant, comprising: a spray gun and a nozzle 5;
  • the spray gun comprises a spray gun reaction tube 1, a spray gun primary atomization air duct 2, a spray gun secondary atomization air duct 3 and a fixed flange 11; the spray gun reactant tube 1 is located at the innermost layer, from the inside to the outside respectively
  • the spray gun first atomizing air duct 2 and the spray gun secondary atomizing air duct 3, the spray gun reagent tube 1 is the passage of the spray gun reactant, the spray gun reagent tube 1 is provided with the spray gun inlet port 7, and the spray gun reactant is fed from the spray gun Port 7 enters the spray reactor tube 1;
  • the spray gun primary atomizing duct 2 and the spray gun secondary atomizing duct 3 are the passages for the compressed air for atomization, and the first stage atomizing duct 2 of the spray gun is provided with the spray gun primary mist.
  • Vapor inlet 8 spray gun secondary atomizing air duct with spray gun secondary atomizing air inlet 9, compressed air from the spray gun first atomizing wind inlet 8 and secondary atomizing wind inlet 9 into the spray gun first atomizing wind
  • the tube 2 and the spray gun are two-stage atomizing duct 3 and are sent to the nozzle 5; the fixing flange 11 is fixed outside the spray gun secondary atomizing duct 3 for supporting and fixing the spray gun;
  • the nozzle 5 includes a nozzle reactant inlet 12, a nozzle primary atomizing air inlet 13 and a nozzle secondary atomizing air inlet 14 and a nozzle atomizing outlet 16;
  • the atomized compressed air is respectively sent from the first-stage atomizing air inlet 8 of the spray gun and the secondary atomizing air inlet 9 of the spray gun into the primary atomizing air duct 2 of the spray gun and the secondary atomizing air duct 3 of the spray gun, and then sent to the first stage of the nozzle 5
  • the atomizing air inlet 13 and the secondary atomizing air inlet 14 when the atomizing wind pressure reaches the set pressure value, the spray gun reactant enters the spray gun reactant pipe 1 from the spray gun inlet port 7 and is then sent to the nozzle reactant inlet 12,
  • the nozzle atomizing air and the nozzle reactant are initially mixed and atomized to form a gas-water mixture, and then the nozzle secondary atomizing wind sufficiently atomizes the gas-water mixture, and the nozzle reactant is atomized by two stages, and the nozzle is sprayed.
  • the atomization outlet 16 is ejected to form fine particles having a diameter of 20 to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the cooling air duct 4 and the protection head 6 are added outside the secondary atomizing air duct 3 of the spray gun;
  • the cooling air duct 4 is a passage for cooling air, and the cooling air inlet 10 is opened;
  • the flange 11 fixes the cooling air duct 4 to seal the air to prevent the cooling air leakage in the cooling air duct 4 from supporting the spray gun;
  • the protection head 6 is located outside the nozzle 5, and the protection head 6 is perforated, and the nozzle 5 is protected. Due to external wear, the cooling air enters the outermost cooling duct 4 through the nozzle cooling air outlet 15, and is discharged through the small hole in the protective head 6, thereby cooling and cooling the nozzle 5 and the spray gun.
  • the mist field ejected by the nozzle 5 is a solid conical mist field.
  • the water pressure required for the operation of the spray gun is 0.2 ⁇ 0.5Mpa, and the air pressure is 0.25 ⁇ 0.5Mpa.
  • the cooling air duct protects the casing at the same time, preventing the nozzle of the spray gun from scaling and wearing. It can be replaced separately, reducing the damage of the spray gun, the need to replace the spray gun, and there is no cooling air duct during desulfurization.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a view showing the structure of a nozzle of the present invention.
  • spray gun reagent tube 2 spray gun first atomizing air duct 3 spray gun secondary atomizing air duct 4 cooling air duct 5 - nozzle 6 - protection head 7 - spray gun sputum port 8 - spray gun first atomizing air vent 9 spray gun Secondary atomizing air inlet 10—Cooling air inlet 1 Fixed flange 2—Nozzle reactant inlet 13—Nozzle primary atomizing air outlet i4—Nozzle secondary atomizing air outlet 15 Nozzle cooling air outlet 16 Nozzle atomizing outlet a ⁇ Reactant b primary atomizing wind c-secondary atomizing wind d-cooling wind
  • a two-stage atomized two-fluid injection device of the present invention is used for desulfurization, including: a spray gun and a nozzle 5; the spray gun includes a spray gun reagent tube 1, a spray gun primary atomizing air duct 2, and a spray gun.
  • the atomizing air duct 3 is a passage for the compressed air for atomization, and the first atomizing air duct 2 of the spray gun is provided with a first-stage atomizing air inlet 8 of the spray gun, and the second atomizing air duct of the spray gun is provided with a second atomizing air inlet of the spray gun.
  • the nozzle 5 includes a nozzle reactant port 12, and a nozzle Atomizing air inlet 13 and the nozzle inlet 14 and two air atomizing spray nozzle outlet 16;
  • the atomizing air compressed air enters the primary atomizing air pipe 2 and the secondary atomizing air pipe 3 from the primary air inlet 8 of the spray gun and the secondary air inlet 9 of the spray gun, respectively, and is then sent to the nozzle for atomizing atomization.
  • the primary atomizing wind b and the reactant a are initially mixed and atomized to form a gas-water mixture, and then the secondary atomizing wind c sufficiently atomizes the gas-water mixture.
  • the reactant a is atomized by two stages, and is ejected through the nozzle orifice 16 to form fine particles having a diameter of 20 to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the injection device deactivation process is a reverse process of the use process, first stopping the supply of the reactant a, and then stopping the supply of the primary atomizing wind b and the secondary atomizing wind c.
  • a two-stage atomized two-fluid injection device of the present invention is used for SNCR denitration, including: a spray gun and a nozzle 5; the spray gun includes a spray gun reagent tube 1, and a spray gun primary atomizing air duct 2.
  • spray gun reagent tube 1 is located in the innermost layer, and inside and outside is spray gun first atomizing air duct 2 and spray gun secondary atomizing duct 3 and the cooling duct 4, the reactant tube 1 is the passage of the spray reagent a, the spray gun inlet i is provided in front of the spray gun inlet i, and the reactant a enters the spray reagent tube 1 from the spray inlet 7 of the spray gun;
  • the stage atomizing air duct 2 and the spray gun secondary atomizing air duct 3 are channels for the compressed air for atomization, and the spray gun and the stage atomizing air duct 2 are provided with a spray gun primary atomizing air inlet 8 and a spray gun secondary atomizing wind.
  • the tube has a secondary atomizing air vent 9 of the spray gun, and the compressed air is separately from the spray gun primary atomizing air inlet 8 and the secondary atomizing air inlet 9 into the spray gun primary atomizing air duct 2 and the spray gun secondary atomizing air duct 3, and sent to the nozzle 5;
  • the cooling duct 4 is the passage for cooling the wind d, there is a cooling air inlet 10;
  • the fixing flange 11 fixes the cooling air duct 4 for sealing to prevent the cooling air d in the cooling air duct 4 from leaking, and at the same time supporting and fixing the spray gun;
  • the protection head 6 is located outside the nozzle 5, and the protection head 6 is perforated, and the nozzle 5 is protected at the same time. Without being subject to external wear, the cooling air d enters the outermost cooling duct 4 through the nozzle cooling air outlet 15, and is discharged through the small hole above the protective head 6, thereby cooling and cooling the nozzle 5 and the spray gun.
  • the atomizing air compressed air enters the primary atomizing air pipe 2 and the secondary atomizing air pipe 3 from the primary atomizing air inlet 8 of the spray gun and the secondary atomizing air inlet 9 of the spray gun, respectively, and then sent to the nozzle.
  • the first atomizing air inlet 13 and the nozzle secondary atomizing air inlet 14 after the atomizing wind pressure reaches the set pressure value, the reactant a enters the spray gun, and the reactant a enters the spray gun reaction tube from the gun inlet port 7 and then Delivered to the nozzle reactant inlet 12, under the special structure of the nozzle, the primary atomizing wind b and the reactant a are initially mixed and atomized to form a gas-water mixture, and then the secondary atomizing wind c is subjected to the gas-water mixture. Fully atomized, the reactant is atomized through two stages, and is ejected through the nozzle atomizing outlet 16 to form fine particles having a diameter of 20 to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the injection device deactivation process is a reverse process of the use process, first stopping the supply of the reactant a, and then stopping the supply of the primary atomizing wind b and the secondary atomizing wind c.
  • the cooling wind d is stopped by the cooling air inlet 10 into the cooling air duct 4, and then sent to the protective head 6, which is discharged through the small hole of the upper cymbal.

Abstract

一种用于循环流化床半干法脱硫和锅炉选择性非催化脱硝系统的两级雾化双流体喷射装置,该喷射装置由喷枪和喷嘴组成,其中喷枪由反应剂管、一级雾化风管、二级雾化风管、冷却风管,用于脱硫时没有此冷却风管装置、固定法兰等组成。该喷射装置有四个进口:一个进液口,一个一级雾化风进口,一个二级雾化风进口,一个冷却风进口,用于脱硫时没有此冷却风进口装置,雾化风一般为压缩空气。所述喷射装置经过两级压缩空气雾化,雾化颗粒更加细微,增加了反应剂和烟气的接触面积,提高了反应效率,结构合理,雾化效果好。

Description

一种两级雾化的双流体喷射装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种烟气净化领域,具体涉及一种用于循环流化床半干法脱硫和选择性非催 化还原 (SNCR) 脱硝的喷射装置。
背景技术
氮氧化物和二氧化硫, 是造成我国复合型大气污染的关键污染物。 "十二五"规划纲要提 出, 二氧化硫总量要达到减少 8%的目标, 同时将氮氧化物首次列入约束性指标体系, 要求 减少 10%, 可见氮氧化物和二氧化硫已经成为我国目前大气污染治理的重点。
循环流化床半干法脱硫技术及锅炉选择性非催化还原 SNCR脱硝技术是目前主要采用 的脱硫、 脱硝技术之一。 两种脱硫、 脱硝技术的核心设备就是喷射装置, 喷射装置性能直接 影响脱除效率和运行成本。 喷射装置雾化效果好, 能大大改善反应剂与烟气的接触效果, 提 高反应效率。 改进喷射装置结构, 优化雾化形式, 能在保证反应效率的前提下, 减少反应剂 和压缩空气的消耗量, 一直是技术人员的研究方向。
中国专利 CN102160964A报道了一种 SNCR脱硝多喷嘴长枪喷射器,该喷射器每支至少 有两个喷嘴, 且是水冷型喷枪, 输入接口有反应剂进口, 雾化压缩空气进口, 冷却水进口和 冷却水出口, 该类型喷枪单支喷枪的流量较大。 中国专利 CN102527217A报道了一种 SNCR 墙式喷射器, 包括枪体组件和喷嘴组件, 枪体组件包括管道组件和喷嘴组件, 喷嘴组件包括 喷嘴以及喷嘴连接的混掺装置。该喷枪采用风冷却。 中国专利 CN201807462U报道了一种自 吸气双流高效雾化喷嘴, 其特点是采用压缩空气对液体进行雾化, 反射椎为圆锥型, 具有降 低了动力消耗, 减小了雾滴直径, 提高了雾滴粒径的均勾度和雾化覆盖半径的优点, 适应于 脱硫雾化应用。
以上三种喷枪, 第一种脱硝喷枪由于反应剂的总喷量一般较小, 多喷嘴喷枪在实际使用 中流量太大、 不易安装和更换、 水冷的方式容易结垢腐蚀等缺点。 第二种脱硝用风冷喷枪, 雾化形式单一, 雾化效果差, 压缩空气消耗量大。 第三种脱硫喷枪为一般雾化结构, 雾滴直 径偏大, 喷枪流量调节比小。 这三种脱硫脱硝喷射装置雾化效果都有待提高。
发明内容
本发明技术解决方案: 克服现有技术的不足, 提供一种两级雾化的双流体喷射装置, 采 用压缩空气两级雾化形式, 一级雾化风与反应剂初步混合初次雾化, 二级雾化风对反应剂进 行二次雾化, 改善反应剂和烟气的接触效果, 提高反应效率, 降低运行成本。
本发明技术解决方案:一种两级雾化的双流体喷射装置,用于把反应剂雾化喷出,包括: 喷枪和喷嘴 5 ;
所述喷枪包括喷枪反应剂管 1、 喷枪一级雾化风管 2、 喷枪二级雾化风管 3和固定法兰 11 ; 喷枪反应剂管 1位于最内层, 从内至外分别依次为喷枪一级雾化风管 2和喷枪二级雾化 风管 3, 喷枪反应剂管 1是喷枪反应剂的通道, 喷枪反应剂管 1前设置喷枪进液口 7, 喷枪 反应剂从喷枪进液口 7进入喷枪反应剂管 1 ; 喷枪一级雾化风管 2和喷枪二级雾化风管 3是 雾化用压缩空气的通道, 喷枪一级雾化风管 2上开有喷枪一级雾化风进口 8, 喷枪二级雾化 风管开有喷枪二级雾化风进口 9, 压缩空气分别从喷枪一级雾化风进口 8和二级雾化风进口 9进入喷枪一级雾化风管 2和喷枪二级雾化风管 3, 并输送至喷嘴 5 ; 固定法兰 11固定在喷 枪二级雾化风管 3外, 用于支撑固定喷枪;
所述喷嘴 5包括喷嘴反应剂进口 12、喷嘴一级雾化风进口 13和喷嘴二级雾化风进口 14 和喷嘴雾化出口 16;
雾化压缩空气分别从喷枪一级雾化风进口 8和喷枪二级雾化风进口 9进入喷枪一级雾化 风管 2和喷枪二级雾化风管 3,再输送至喷嘴 5的一级雾化风进口 13和二级雾化风进口 14, 当雾化风压力达到设定压力值后, 喷枪反应剂从喷枪进液口 7进入喷枪反应剂管 1然后输送 至喷嘴反应剂进口 12,在喷嘴中喷嘴一级雾化风和喷嘴反应剂初步混合雾化,形成气水混合 物, 然后喷嘴二级雾化风对气水混合物进行充分雾化, 喷嘴反应剂经过两级雾化, 由喷嘴雾 化出口 16喷出, 形成直径为 20~70μηι细微颗粒。
所述双流体喷射装置用于锅炉脱硝时,在喷枪二级雾化风管 3外增加冷却风管 4和保护 头 6; 冷却风管 4是冷却风的通道, 开有冷却风进口 10; 固定法兰 11固定冷却风管 4, 起密 封作用, 防止冷却风管 4中的冷却风漏气, 同时支撑固定喷枪; 保护头 6位于喷嘴 5外, 保 护头 6上面打孔, 同时保护喷嘴 5不受外界的磨损, 冷却风经喷嘴冷却风出口 15进入最外 层冷却风管 4, 经保护头 6上面的小孔排出, 从而对喷嘴 5和喷枪进行降温冷却。
所述喷嘴 5喷出的雾场为实心锥形雾场。
所述喷枪工作需要的水压为 0.2~0.5Mpa, 气压为 0.25~0.5Mpa。
本发明与现有技术相比的优点在于:
( 1 ) 雾化效果好: 一级雾化和二级雾化结合的雾化方式, 一级雾化为初次雾化, 形成 气水混合物, 二级雾化为充分雾化, 这种雾化形式得到的雾化颗粒减少到 20〜70μηι。
(2) 脱除效率高: 该喷射装置使脱除效率大大提高, 反应剂雾化效果好, 增加了和烟 气的接触面积, 提高反应率, 脱硫率最高可达 98%, 脱硝率高达 95%。 ( 3 ) 运行成本低: 脱除效率高并不是以增加成本 (反应剂的喷量) 来实现的, 氨逃逸 低于 10ppm。
(4) 安装简单: 只需要在锅炉或需要喷射的位置开孔, 对原工艺运行干涉小。
( 5 ) 防护措施: 冷却风管同时为保护套管, 防止喷枪喷嘴结垢、 磨损, 可单独更换, 减少喷枪损坏, 需更换喷枪的开支, 脱硫时没有冷却风管。
附图说明
图 1为本发明的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明的喷嘴结构图。
1 喷枪反应剂管 2 喷枪一级雾化风管 3 喷枪二级雾化风管 4 冷却风管 5— 喷嘴 6—保护头 7—喷枪迸液口 8—喷枪一级雾化风迸口 9 喷枪二级雾化风进口 10—冷却风进口 1一固定法兰 2—喷嘴反应剂进口 13—喷嘴一级雾化风口 i4—喷 嘴二级雾化风口 15 喷嘴冷却风出口 16 喷嘴雾化出口 a ·反应剂 b 一级雾化 风 c—二级雾化风 d—冷却风
具体实施方式
实施例 1
如图 1、 2所示,本发明一种两级雾化的双流体喷射装置用于脱硫时包括:喷枪和喷嘴 5 ; 喷枪包括喷枪反应剂管 1、 喷枪一级雾化风管 2、 喷枪二级雾化风管 3和固定法兰 11 ; 喷枪 反应剂管 i位于最内层, 从内至外依次为喷枪一级雾化风管 2和喷枪二级雾化风管 3, 反应 剂管 1是喷枪反应剂 a的通道, 喷枪反应剂管 1前设置喷枪进液口 7, 反应剂 a从喷枪进液 口 7进入喷枪反应剂管 ί ; 喷枪一级雾化风管 2和喷枪二级雾化风管 3是雾化用压缩空气的 通道, 喷枪一级雾化风管 2上开有喷枪一级雾化风进口 8, 喷枪二级雾化风管开有喷枪二级 雾化风进口 9, 压缩空气分别 喷枪一级雾化风进口 8和二级雾化风进口 9进入喷枪一级雾 化风管 2和喷枪二级雾化风管 3 , 并输送至喷嘴 5 ; 固定法兰 11固定在喷枪二级雾化风管 3 外, 用于支撑固定喷枪; 所述喷嘴 5包括喷嘴反应剂迸口 12、 喷嘴一级雾化风进口 13和喷 嘴二级雾化风进口 14和喷嘴雾化出口 16;
喷射装置使用过程,雾化风压缩空气分别从喷枪一级风进口 8和喷枪二级风进口 9进入 一级雾化风管 2和二级雾化风管 3 ,再输送至喷嘴一级雾化风进口 13和喷嘴二级雾化风迸口 14, 雾化风压力达到设定压力值后, 反应剂 a进入喷枪, 反应剂 a从喷枪进液口 7进入喷枪 反应剂管 1然后输送至喷嘴反应剂进口 12 ,在喷嘴的特殊结构作用下,一级雾化风 b和反应 剂 a初歩混合雾化, 形成气水混合物, 然后二级雾化风 c对该气水混合物进行充分雾化, 反 应剂 a经过两级雾化, 经过喷嘴喷孔 16喷出, 形成直径为 20〜70μηι细微颗粒。 喷射装置停用过程是使用过程的逆过程, 首先停止反应剂 a的供给, 然后停止一级雾化 风 b和二级雾化风 c的供给。
实施例 2
如图 1、 2所示, 本发明一种两级雾化的双流体喷射装置用于 SNCR脱硝时包括: 喷枪 和喷嘴 5 ; 喷枪包括喷枪反应剂管 1、 喷枪一级雾化风管 2、 喷枪二级雾化风管 3、 冷却风管 4、 圏定法兰 11 ; 喷枪反应剂管 1位于最内层, 内至外依次为喷枪一级雾化风管 2和喷枪 二级雾化风管 3和冷却风管 4, 反应剂管 1是喷枪反应剂 a的通道, 喷枪反应剂管 i前设置 喷枪进液口 7, 反应剂 a从喷枪进液口 7进入喷枪反应剂管 1 ; 喷枪一级雾化风管 2和喷枪 二级雾化风管 3是雾化用压缩空气的通道, 喷枪 ·级雾化风管 2上开有喷枪一级雾化风进口 8, 喷枪二级雾化风管幵有喷枪二级雾化风迸口 9, 压缩空气分别从喷枪一级雾化风进口 8 和二级雾化风进口 9进入喷枪一级雾化风管 2和喷枪二级雾化风管 3, 并输送至喷嘴 5 ; 冷 却风管 4是冷却风 d的通道, 幵有冷却风进口 10; 固定法兰 11固定冷却风管 4, 用于密封 防止冷却风管 4中的冷却风 d漏气, 同时支撑固定喷枪; 保护头 6位于喷嘴 5外, 保护头 6 上面打孔, 同时保护喷嘴 5不受外界的磨损, 冷却风 d经喷嘴冷却风出口 15进入最外层冷 却风管 4, 经保护头 6上面的小孔排出, 从而对喷嘴 5和喷枪进行降温冷却。
喷射装置使用过程, 雾化风压缩空气分別从喷枪一级雾化风进口 8和喷枪二级雾化风进 口 9进入一级雾化风管 2和二级雾化风管 3 ,再输送至喷嘴一级雾化风进口 13和喷嘴二级雾 化风进口 14, 雾化风压力达到设定压力值后, 反应剂 a进入喷枪, 反应剂 a从喷枪进液口 7 进入喷枪反应剂管〗然后输送至喷嘴反应剂进口 12,在喷嘴的特殊结构诈用下, 一级雾化风 b和反应剂 a初步混合雾化, 形成气水混合物, 然后二级雾化风 c对该气水混合物进行充分 雾化, 反应剂经过两级雾化, 经过喷嘴雾化出口 16喷出, 形成直径为 20〜70μηι细徼颗粒。
喷射装置停用过程是使用过程的逆过程, 首先停止反应剂 a的供给, 然后停止一级雾化 风 b和二级雾化风 c的供给。 并旦为了防止喷嘴、 喷枪停用时堵塞和高温的灼烧, 停用时冷 却风 d由冷却风进口 10进入冷却风管 4, 然后输送至保护头 6, 由上面幵的小孔排出。
本发明未详细阐述部分属于本领域公知技术。
以上所述, 仅为本发明部分具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此, 任何熟 悉本领域的人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易想到的变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明 的保护范围之內。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种两级雾化的双流体喷射装置, 用于把反应剂雾化喷出, 其特征在于包括: 喷枪 和喷嘴 (5);
所述喷枪包括喷枪反应剂管 (1)、 喷枪一级雾化风管 (2)、 喷枪二级雾化风管 (3) 和 固定法兰(11); 喷枪反应剂管(1)位于最内层, 从内至外分别依次为; 喷枪反应剂管(1)、 喷枪一级雾化风管(2)和喷枪二级雾化风管(3); 喷枪反应剂管(1)是喷枪反应剂的通道, 前设置喷枪进液口 (7), 喷枪反应剂从喷枪进液口 (7) 进入喷枪反应剂管 (1); 喷枪一级 雾化风管 (2)和喷枪二级雾化风管 (3)是雾化用压缩空气的通道, 喷枪一级雾化风管 (2) 上开有喷枪一级雾化风进口 (8), 喷枪二级雾化风管 (3) 开有喷枪二级雾化风进口 (9), 压缩空气分别从喷枪一级雾化风进口(8)和二级雾化风进口(9)进入喷枪一级雾化风管(2) 和喷枪二级雾化风管(3), 并输送至喷嘴(5); 固定法兰(11)固定在喷枪二级雾化风管(3) 外, 用于支撑固定喷枪, 雾化风一般为压缩空气;
所述喷嘴 (5)包括喷嘴反应剂进口 (12)、 喷嘴一级雾化风进口 (13)和喷嘴二级雾化 风进口 (14) 和喷嘴雾化出口 (16);
雾化风压缩空气分别从喷枪一级雾化风进口 (8)和喷枪二级雾化风进口 (9)进入喷枪 一级雾化风管 (2) 和喷枪二级雾化风管 (3), 再输送至喷嘴 (5) 的一级雾化风进口 (13) 和二级雾化风进口 (14), 喷枪反应剂从喷枪进液口 (7) 进入喷枪反应剂管 (1) 然后输送 至喷嘴反应剂进口 (12), 在喷嘴中一级雾化风和反应剂初步混合雾化, 形成气水混合物, 然后喷嘴二级雾化风对该气水混合物进行充分雾化, 反应剂经过两级雾化, 由喷嘴雾化出口 (16) 喷出, 形成直径为 20~70μηι细微颗粒。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的两级雾化的双流体喷射装置, 其特征在于: 所述双流体喷射 装置用于锅炉选择性非催化还原 (SNCR)脱硝时, 在喷枪二级雾化风管 (3)外增加冷却风 管 (4) 和保护头 (6); 冷却风管 (4) 是冷却风的通道, 开有冷却风进口 (10); 固定法兰
(11) 固定冷却风管 (4), 起密封作用, 防止冷却风管 (4) 中的冷却风漏气, 同时支撑固 定喷枪; 保护头 (6) 位于喷嘴 (5) 夕卜, 保护头 (6) 上面打孔, 同时保护喷嘴 (5) 不受外 界的磨损, 冷却风经喷嘴冷却风出口 (15) 进入最外层冷却风管 (4), 经保护头 (6) 上面 的小孔排出, 从而对喷嘴 (5) 和喷枪进行降温冷却。
3、 根据权利要求 1中所述的两级雾化的双流体喷射装置, 其特征在于: 所述喷嘴 (5) 喷出的雾场为实心锥形雾场。 4、 根据权利要求 1 中所述的两级雾化的双流体喷射装置, 其特征在于: 所述喷枪工作 需要的水压为 0.2~0.5Mpa, 气压为 0.25~0.5Mpa。
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