WO2015032999A1 - Electronic device for measuring the transmission quality of electrical signals - Google Patents
Electronic device for measuring the transmission quality of electrical signals Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015032999A1 WO2015032999A1 PCT/ES2013/000203 ES2013000203W WO2015032999A1 WO 2015032999 A1 WO2015032999 A1 WO 2015032999A1 ES 2013000203 W ES2013000203 W ES 2013000203W WO 2015032999 A1 WO2015032999 A1 WO 2015032999A1
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- transmission
- measuring
- electrical signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electronic equipment for measuring the quality of the transmission of electrical signals by means of hybrid cables composed of several optical fibers and several copper electrical conductors, which are mounted on a single connector, which It contains the mechanical copper contact elements for the power lines and the optical signal transport elements by means of optical fiber.
- the object of the invention is to provide a device in which the exchange of the mechanical element that houses the connectors is done by removing a part of the equipment as a head, including a single measuring device for a multitude of connectors existing in the industry without having to have several devices, depending on the type of connector or type of cable used.
- the equipment incorporates a system for storing and exporting the data corresponding to the measurements obtained so that they can be processed, managed and studied in external equipment.
- the invention also relates to the incorporation of a satellite positioning device, as well as the incorporation of means of communication both by cable and by radio frequency with other devices.
- the invention patent US 7.1 13.678 is known, in which a performance detection equipment of the composite cable transmission is described, comprising optical fibers and power lines, in which two units are defined, to which the cables composed of optical fibers and power lines are connected, so that one unit defines a transmission loss meter, while the second unit defines a loop for the optical fiber, by means of which measurements are taken on transmission losses and resistivity.
- the device does not provide for the use of different types of cables, so it is necessary to use different types of connectors, which translates into the need to have different equipment each with a different type of connector for each type of hybrid cable
- the device does not include data storage and export media to process, manage and study the measures obtained through external equipment.
- the invention centers its characteristics on the fact that between these elements an interchangeable block is established that incorporates the mechanical copper contact elements for the power lines and the elements optical transport of signals by means of optical fiber, so that by replacing said block a single measuring device is defined for a multitude of existing connectors in the industry without having to have several equipment suitable for the different types of existing connectors .
- the unit of measure incorporates data storage and export media corresponding to the measurements obtained so that they can be processed, managed and studied in equipment external to the measuring equipment, allowing easy comparisons between different types of hybrid cable with different connectors to be made by the same equipment to which the measuring head or interchangeable block has been changed exclusively.
- the The measuring equipment incorporates an electronic satellite positioning device (GPS) so that the measurements made and stored in the internal memory of the measuring equipment are associated with the coordinates such as the geographical location mark of the measurement made as well as the time in which the measurement was made.
- GPS electronic satellite positioning device
- the invention further provides for the incorporation of means of communication with other devices, either wired or wireless, in order to allow the updating and modification of the internal program of the equipment as well as the sending of data to other external devices so that the measures that are being carried out can be stored in the same place or sent by a mobile phone or any other data transmission system to another place for storage or processing. Thanks to the structuring described above, continuous measurements can be made in the field for more than 1 1 hours to detect possible intermittent problems that may exist in the transmission line, accumulating the number of errors detected both in the fiber lines and in those of copper, which cannot be detected with single measures.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a quality measurement equipment for the transmission of electrical signals made in accordance with the object of the present invention.
- the equipment of the invention is constituted, as is conventional, by means of a measuring unit (1), and a loop unit (2), to which the cables composed of optical fibers are connected. and power lines, so that one unit defines a transmission loss meter, while the second unit defines a loop for the optical fiber, by means of which measurements on transmission and resistivity losses are carried out, by means of a processor (3), which analyzes said signals and is associated with a display (4) through the corresponding controller (5), through which the results obtained are shown.
- a mechanically exchangeable unit or block (6) is established between the measuring unit (1) and the loop unit (2), in which the connectors corresponding to the light-emitting receiver (7) from the optical and electrical signal fibers (8) from the copper wires, so that for a single device as many interchangeable blocks (6) as cable types are defined hybrids exist in the market, allowing to adapt the same device to different types of systems to analyze.
- the processor (3) incorporates data storage means, such as an internal memory, as well as means for exporting said data or measurements, so that through a second controller (9), the device is associated with a transmission port of data by cable (10) and / or to a Wireless port (11) that allow to export said data to other devices.
- data storage means such as an internal memory
- the device is associated with a transmission port of data by cable (10) and / or to a Wireless port (11) that allow to export said data to other devices.
- communication both by radio frequency and by means of cable with other devices allows updating and modifying the internal program associated with the processor (3), as well as that the measurements obtained can be stored at the same time in other external means or sent by a mobile phone or any other device to another place for storage or processing.
Abstract
The invention is of the type that analyses signals of hybrid cables consisting of various optical fibres and various electric copper conductors, and includes a unit defining a loop (2) for the optical fibre, and a measurement unit (1), by which means measurements relating to losses of transmission and resistivity are carried out. The invention centres on the insertion of a mechanically interchangeable block between the measurement unit (1) and the loop unit (2), in such a way that, for a single electronic device, both interchangeable blocks (6) and types of hybrid cables are commercially defined, allowing the same device to be adapted to different types of systems to be analysed, substantially increasing the versatility thereof. The device also includes means for the transmission of the analysed data to other devices, both in a wired manner or wirelessly, and a GPS device and a clock module which allow the association of additional data with the measurements carried out.
Description
EOUIPO ELECTRÓNICO DE MEDICIÓN DE CALIDAD DE LA ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT FOR QUALITY MEASUREMENT
TRANSMISIÓN DE SEÑALES ELÉCTRICAS TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICAL SIGNALS
D E S C R I P C I Ó N D E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN La presente invención se refiere a un equipo electrónico de medición de calidad de la transmisión de señales eléctricas mediante cables híbridos compuestos por varias fibras ópticas y de varios conductores eléctricos de cobre, los cuales están montados en un único conector, el cual contiene los elementos mecánicos de contacto de cobre para las líneas eléctricas y los elementos ópticos de transporte de señales por medio de fibra óptica. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electronic equipment for measuring the quality of the transmission of electrical signals by means of hybrid cables composed of several optical fibers and several copper electrical conductors, which are mounted on a single connector, which It contains the mechanical copper contact elements for the power lines and the optical signal transport elements by means of optical fiber.
El objeto de la invención es proporcionar un equipo en el que el intercambio del elemento mecánico que alberga los conectores se haga mediante la extracción de una parte del equipo a modo de cabezal, incluyendo un único equipo de medida para multitud de conectores existentes en la industria sin tener que disponer de varios equipos, en función del tipo de conector o tipo de cable utilizado. The object of the invention is to provide a device in which the exchange of the mechanical element that houses the connectors is done by removing a part of the equipment as a head, including a single measuring device for a multitude of connectors existing in the industry without having to have several devices, depending on the type of connector or type of cable used.
Es igualmente objeto de la invención que el equipo incorpore un sistema de almacenamiento y exportación de los datos correspondientes a las medidas obtenidas de forma que puedan ser procesadas, gestionadas y estudiadas en equipos externos. It is also the object of the invention that the equipment incorporates a system for storing and exporting the data corresponding to the measurements obtained so that they can be processed, managed and studied in external equipment.
La invención se refiere igualmente a la incorporación de un dispositivo de posicionamiento por satélite, así como a la incorporación de medios de comunicación tanto por cable como por radiofrecuencia con otros dispositivos.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCION The invention also relates to the incorporation of a satellite positioning device, as well as the incorporation of means of communication both by cable and by radio frequency with other devices. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En el ámbito de aplicación práctica de la invención, es conocida la patente de invención US 7.1 13.678, en la que se describe un equipo de detección de rendimiento de la transmisión de cable compuesto, que comprende fibras ópticas y de líneas eléctricas, en el que se definen dos unidades, a las que se conectan los cables compuestos de fibras ópticas y líneas eléctricas, de manera que una unidad define un medidor de la pérdida de transmisión, mientras que la segunda unidad define un bucle para la fibra óptica, mediante los cuales se llevan a cabo mediciones sobre pérdidas de transmisión y resistividad. In the practical scope of the invention, the invention patent US 7.1 13.678 is known, in which a performance detection equipment of the composite cable transmission is described, comprising optical fibers and power lines, in which two units are defined, to which the cables composed of optical fibers and power lines are connected, so that one unit defines a transmission loss meter, while the second unit defines a loop for the optical fiber, by means of which measurements are taken on transmission losses and resistivity.
Si bien este dispositivo cumple la función para la que ha sido previsto, en la práctica presenta una serie de problemas que se centran fundamentalmente en los siguientes aspectos: Although this device fulfills the function for which it has been planned, in practice it presents a series of problems that focus primarily on the following aspects:
• El dispositivo no prevé el empleo de diferentes tipos de cables, por lo que es preciso el empleo de diferentes tipos de conectores, lo que se traduce en la necesidad de disponer de diferentes equipos cada uno con un tipo de conector distinto para cada tipo de cable híbrido. • The device does not provide for the use of different types of cables, so it is necessary to use different types of connectors, which translates into the need to have different equipment each with a different type of connector for each type of hybrid cable
• El dispositivo no incluye medios de almacenamiento y exportación de datos que permitan procesar, gestionar y estudiar las medidas obtenidas mediante equipos externos. • The device does not include data storage and export media to process, manage and study the measures obtained through external equipment.
• No puede comunicarse por radiofrecuencia con otros dispositivos. • You cannot communicate by radio frequency with other devices.
• No incluye medios de localización posicional por satélite.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN • Does not include means of positional satellite location. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El equipo que se preconiza resuelve de forma plenamente satisfactoria la problemática anteriormente expuesta en todos y cada uno de los aspectos comentados. The recommended team solves in a fully satisfactory way the problem previously exposed in each and every one of the aspects mentioned.
Para ello, y siendo del tipo de los anteriormente citados, en los que se emplean cables híbridos compuestos por varias fibras ópticas y de varios conductores eléctricos de cobre, e incluyendo una unidad que define un bucle para la fibra óptica, y una unidad de medición, mediante las cuales se llevan a cabo mediciones sobre pérdidas de transmisión y resistividad, la invención centra sus características en el hecho de que entre estos elementos se establece un bloque intercambiable que incorpora los elementos mecánicos de contacto de cobre para las líneas eléctricas y los elementos ópticos de transporte de señales por medio de fibra óptica, de forma que mediante la sustitución de dicho bloque se define un único equipo de medida para multitud de conectores existentes en la industria sin tener que disponer de varios equipos adecuados a los diferentes tipos de conectores existentes. To do this, and being of the type mentioned above, in which hybrid cables consisting of several optical fibers and several copper electrical conductors are used, and including a unit that defines a loop for the optical fiber, and a measurement unit , by means of which measurements are taken on transmission and resistivity losses, the invention centers its characteristics on the fact that between these elements an interchangeable block is established that incorporates the mechanical copper contact elements for the power lines and the elements optical transport of signals by means of optical fiber, so that by replacing said block a single measuring device is defined for a multitude of existing connectors in the industry without having to have several equipment suitable for the different types of existing connectors .
De acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención, se ha previsto que la unidad de medida incorpore medios de almacenamiento y exportación de datos correspondientes a las medidas obtenidas de forma que puedan ser procesadas, gestionadas y estudiadas en equipos externos al equipo de medida, permitiendo efectuar fáciles comparaciones entre distintos tipos de cable híbrido con distintos conectores al ser efectuadas por el mismo equipo al que se ha cambiado exclusivamente el cabezal de medida o bloque intercambiable. In accordance with another feature of the invention, it is envisioned that the unit of measure incorporates data storage and export media corresponding to the measurements obtained so that they can be processed, managed and studied in equipment external to the measuring equipment, allowing easy comparisons between different types of hybrid cable with different connectors to be made by the same equipment to which the measuring head or interchangeable block has been changed exclusively.
Esta característica permite evitar el tener que considerar que distintas medidas obtenidas para distintos cables puedan no ser equitativas por tener que haber sido efectuadas por distintos equipos, lo que hasta la fecha sería necesario. This feature avoids having to consider that different measures obtained for different cables may not be equitable because they must have been carried out by different teams, which would be necessary to date.
De acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención, se ha previsto que el
equipo de medida incorpore un dispositivo electrónico de posicionamiento por satélite (GPS) de forma que las medidas efectuadas y que son almacenadas en la memoria interna del equipo de medida lleven asociadas las coordenadas como marca de ubicación geográfica de la medida efectuada así como la marca de tiempo en que se realizó la medida. In accordance with another feature of the invention, it is provided that the The measuring equipment incorporates an electronic satellite positioning device (GPS) so that the measurements made and stored in the internal memory of the measuring equipment are associated with the coordinates such as the geographical location mark of the measurement made as well as the time in which the measurement was made.
Finalmente, la invención prevé adicionalmente la incorporación de medios de comunicación con otros dispositivos, ya sea vía alámbrica o inalámbrica al objeto de permitir la actualización y modificación del programa interno del equipo así como el envío de datos a otros dispositivos externos de forma que las medidas que se estén efectuando puedan ser almacenadas en el mismo lugar o enviadas mediante un teléfono móvil o cualquier otro sistema de transmisión de datos a otro lugar para su almacenamiento o procesamiento. Merced a la estructuración anteriormente descrita, se pueden realizar medidas continuas en campo durante más de 1 1 horas para detectar posibles problemas intermitentes que puedan existir en la línea de transmisión, acumulando el número de errores detectados tanto en la líneas de fibra como en las de cobre, cosa que no se puede detectar con medidas del tipo únicas. Finally, the invention further provides for the incorporation of means of communication with other devices, either wired or wireless, in order to allow the updating and modification of the internal program of the equipment as well as the sending of data to other external devices so that the measures that are being carried out can be stored in the same place or sent by a mobile phone or any other data transmission system to another place for storage or processing. Thanks to the structuring described above, continuous measurements can be made in the field for more than 1 1 hours to detect possible intermittent problems that may exist in the transmission line, accumulating the number of errors detected both in the fiber lines and in those of copper, which cannot be detected with single measures.
Se consigue así de esta manera, un equipo de medición de calidad de la transmisión de señales eléctricas sumamente versátil, eficaz y fácil de adaptar a los diferentes tipos de cables híbridos existentes en el mercado. In this way, an extremely versatile, efficient and easy to adapt electrical signal transmission quality measurement equipment is achieved in this way to the different types of hybrid cables in the market.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña la presente memoria descriptiva, formando parte integrante de la misma, un
único plano en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that will then be made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present specification is attached, forming an integral part thereof, a only plane where the following has been represented as an illustration and not a limitation:
La figura 1.- Muestra un diagrama de bloques esquemático de un equipo de medición de calidad de la transmisión de señales eléctricas realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención. Figure 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a quality measurement equipment for the transmission of electrical signals made in accordance with the object of the present invention.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Como se puede ver en las figuras referidas, el equipo de la invención está constituido, como es convencional, mediante una unidad de medida (1), y una unidad de bucle (2), a las que se conectan los cables compuestos de fibras ópticas y líneas eléctricas, de manera que una unidad define un medidor de la pérdida de transmisión, mientras que la segunda unidad define un bucle para la fibra óptica, mediante las cuales se llevan a cabo mediciones sobre pérdidas de transmisión y resistividad, por medio de un procesador (3), que analiza dichas señales y que está asociado a un display (4) a través del correspondiente controlador (5), a través del cual se muestran los resultados obtenidos. As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, the equipment of the invention is constituted, as is conventional, by means of a measuring unit (1), and a loop unit (2), to which the cables composed of optical fibers are connected. and power lines, so that one unit defines a transmission loss meter, while the second unit defines a loop for the optical fiber, by means of which measurements on transmission and resistivity losses are carried out, by means of a processor (3), which analyzes said signals and is associated with a display (4) through the corresponding controller (5), through which the results obtained are shown.
Pues bien, de acuerdo ya con la esencia de la invención, se ha previsto que entre la unidad de medida (1) y la unidad de bucle (2) se establezca una unidad o bloque intercambiable (6) mecánicamente, en la que se establecen los conectores correspondientes al receptor de emisión de luz (7) provenientes de las fibras ópticas y de señal eléctrica (8) provenientes de los hilos de cobre, de manera que para un único dispositivo se definen tantos bloques intercambiables (6) como tipos de cables híbridos existan en el mercado, permitiendo adaptar el mismo dispositivo a diferentes tipos de sistemas a analizar. Well, according to the essence of the invention, it is provided that a mechanically exchangeable unit or block (6) is established between the measuring unit (1) and the loop unit (2), in which the connectors corresponding to the light-emitting receiver (7) from the optical and electrical signal fibers (8) from the copper wires, so that for a single device as many interchangeable blocks (6) as cable types are defined hybrids exist in the market, allowing to adapt the same device to different types of systems to analyze.
De acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención, se ha previsto que el
procesador (3) incorpore medios de almacenamiento de datos, tal como una memoria interna, así como medios para exportación de dichos datos o medidas, de manera que a través de un segundo controlador (9), el dispositivo se asocia a un puerto de transmisión de datos por cable (10) y/o a un puerto Wireless (11) que permiten exportar dichos datos a otros dispositivos. In accordance with another feature of the invention, it is provided that the processor (3) incorporates data storage means, such as an internal memory, as well as means for exporting said data or measurements, so that through a second controller (9), the device is associated with a transmission port of data by cable (10) and / or to a Wireless port (11) that allow to export said data to other devices.
A los datos obtenidos pueden asociarse otro tipo de datos, como son la localización posicional, por medio de un dispositivo electrónico de posicionamiento por satélite (12) o GPS, así como la fecha y hora exacta de la medición mediante un módulo de reloj en tiempo real (13). To the data obtained, other types of data can be associated, such as positional location, by means of an electronic satellite positioning device (12) or GPS, as well as the exact date and time of the measurement by means of a time clock module real (13).
Tal y como se ha comentado anteriormente, la comunicación tanto por vía radiofrecuencia como por medio de cable con otros dispositivos permite actualizar y modificar el programa interno asociado al procesador (3), así como que las medidas obtenidas puedan ser almacenadas en el mismo instante en otros medios externos o enviadas mediante un teléfono móvil o cualquier otro dispositivo a otro lugar para su almacenado o procesado.
As previously mentioned, communication both by radio frequency and by means of cable with other devices allows updating and modifying the internal program associated with the processor (3), as well as that the measurements obtained can be stored at the same time in other external means or sent by a mobile phone or any other device to another place for storage or processing.
Claims
1. - Equipo electrónico de medición de calidad de la transmisión de señales eléctricas, que siendo del tipo de los que emplean cables híbridos compuestos por varias fibras ópticas y de varios conductores eléctricos de cobre, incluyendo una unidad que define un bucle (2) para la fibra óptica, y una unidad de medida (1), mediante las cuales se llevan a cabo mediciones sobre pérdidas de transmisión y resistividad, por medio de un procesador (3), que analiza dichas señales y que está asociado a un display (4) mediante el correspondiente controlador (5), a través del cual se muestran los resultados obtenidos, caracterizado porque entre la unidad de medida (1) y la unidad de bucle (2) se establece una unidad o bloque intercambiable (6) mecánicamente, en la que se establecen los conectores correspondientes al receptor de emisión de luz (7) provenientes de las fibras ópticas y de señal eléctrica (8) provenientes de los hilos de cobre, de manera que para un único equipo electrónico se definen tantos bloques intercambiables (6) como tipos de cables híbridos existan en el mercado, permitiendo adaptar el mismo dispositivo a diferentes tipos de sistemas a analizar. 1. - Electronic equipment for measuring the quality of the transmission of electrical signals, which being of the type that employs hybrid cables composed of several optical fibers and several copper electrical conductors, including a unit that defines a loop (2) for the optical fiber, and a unit of measurement (1), by means of which measurements on transmission and resistivity losses are carried out, by means of a processor (3), which analyzes said signals and which is associated with a display (4 ) by means of the corresponding controller (5), through which the results obtained are shown, characterized in that a mechanically interchangeable unit or block (6) is established between the measuring unit (1) and the loop unit (2), in which establishes the connectors corresponding to the light emission receiver (7) from the optical and electrical signal fibers (8) from the copper wires, so that for a single elec In the same way, as many interchangeable blocks (6) as hybrid cable types exist in the market, allowing the same device to be adapted to different types of systems to be analyzed.
2. - Equipo electrónico de medición de calidad de la transmisión de señales eléctricas, según reivindicación Ia, caracterizado porque el procesador (3) incorpora medios de almacenamiento de datos, tal como una memoria interna, y/o como medios para exportación de dichos datos o medidas, de manera que a través de un segundo controlador (9), el dispositivo se asocia a un puerto de transmisión de datos por cable (10) y/o a un puerto Wireless (11) para exportar dichos datos a otros dispositivos. 2. - Electronic equipment measuring transmission quality of electrical signals, according to claim I, wherein the processor (3) includes data storage means as an internal memory, and / or as means for export of such data or measurements, so that through a second controller (9), the device is associated with a cable data transmission port (10) and / or a Wireless port (11) to export said data to other devices.
3a.- Equipo electrónico de medición de calidad de la transmisión de señales eléctricas, según reivindicación Ia, caracterizado porque el procesador (3) está asociado a un dispositivo electrónico de posicionamiento por satélite (12) o GPS, así como a un módulo de reloj en tiempo real (13).
3 .- Electronic equipment measuring transmission quality of electrical signals, according to claim I to, wherein the processor (3) is associated with an electronic device positioning satellite (12) or GPS, as well as a module Real time clock (13).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2013/000203 WO2015032999A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | Electronic device for measuring the transmission quality of electrical signals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2013/000203 WO2015032999A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | Electronic device for measuring the transmission quality of electrical signals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015032999A1 true WO2015032999A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
Family
ID=52627838
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2013/000203 WO2015032999A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | Electronic device for measuring the transmission quality of electrical signals |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2015032999A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11706929B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2023-07-18 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Memory cells |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1384826A1 (en) * | 2001-04-25 | 2004-01-28 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd | Security system for construction macnine |
| US7113678B1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-26 | Canare Electric Co., Ltd. | Detector detecting transmission performance of optical composite cable |
-
2013
- 2013-09-06 WO PCT/ES2013/000203 patent/WO2015032999A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1384826A1 (en) * | 2001-04-25 | 2004-01-28 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd | Security system for construction macnine |
| US7113678B1 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-26 | Canare Electric Co., Ltd. | Detector detecting transmission performance of optical composite cable |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11706929B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2023-07-18 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Memory cells |
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