WO2015030366A1 - Radioactive liquid waste disposal apparatus - Google Patents

Radioactive liquid waste disposal apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015030366A1
WO2015030366A1 PCT/KR2014/006491 KR2014006491W WO2015030366A1 WO 2015030366 A1 WO2015030366 A1 WO 2015030366A1 KR 2014006491 W KR2014006491 W KR 2014006491W WO 2015030366 A1 WO2015030366 A1 WO 2015030366A1
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membrane
liquid waste
radioactive liquid
nano
reverse osmosis
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PCT/KR2014/006491
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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박헌휘
서창희
박성균
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㈜이엔이
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Publication of WO2015030366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015030366A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to radioactive liquid waste disposal.
  • Korean nuclear power plant operated an evaporator or centrifuge as a treatment facility to treat radioactive liquid waste.
  • the membrane is installed as a pretreatment equipment at the front of the evaporator or centrifuge, and suspended solids, turbidity-causing substances, detergents, lint, and particulate nuclides (Cr, Co, Ag, Fe, K, Mg) was removed in advance to improve the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus to discharge the treated water from the ion exchange resin.
  • the method is to drain the membrane separation tank to be stored in the concentrated waste storage tank installed in the nuclear power plant to be treated using a separate concentrated waste drying equipment or concentrated waste treatment equipment, and the concentrated water generated during the operation of the membrane is also In the same way.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to reduce the volume of the concentrated water by installing a boundary plate in the membrane separation tank to form a concentration tank, and installing a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane inside the concentration tank.
  • the present invention is a membrane separation tank (8) provided with a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A) therein; Nano or reverse osmosis membranes (9-B);
  • the membrane boundary plate 103 is provided in the membrane separation tank 8, and the concentration tank 117 is formed,
  • the said concentration tank 117 provides a radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus characterized by having one or more microfiltration or ultrafiltration separators 102 therein.
  • the present invention can reduce the volume of the radioactive liquid waste condensate by installing a concentration tank in the radioactive liquid waste treatment device, thereby reducing the operating load of the concentrated water drying facility or the concentrated water treatment facility, thereby saving energy.
  • 1 is a conventional radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus.
  • microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treated water delivery piping microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treated water delivery piping
  • the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a membrane separation tank (8) provided with a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A) therein; Nano or reverse osmosis membranes (9-B);
  • the ion exchange tower 6 for ion exchange is sequentially installed, and a membrane boundary plate 103 is installed inside the membrane separation tank 8 to form a concentration tank 117, and the concentration tank 117 is disposed therein. It is characterized by the presence of one or more microfiltration or ultrafiltration separation membranes 102.
  • a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treatment water storage tank 11-A for storing the treated water filtered by the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane 9-A;
  • Nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B) for filtering the treated water stored in the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treatment water storage tank (11-A);
  • An ion exchange tower 6 for ion-exchanging treated water was sequentially installed, and a membrane boundary plate 103 was installed inside the membrane separation tank 8 to form a concentration tank 117, and the concentration tank 117
  • One or more microfiltration or ultrafiltration separators 102 are provided therein.
  • the volume of the highly concentrated radioactive liquid waste drained can be reduced in advance, and the concentrated waste drying facility or the concentrated waste solution installed separately in the nuclear power plant. It provides an eco-friendly way to save energy by reducing the operating load of the facility.
  • the membrane separation tank (9-A) is immersed in water and operated under vacuum.
  • the highly concentrated radioactive liquid waste remaining in 8) will occupy at least 50% of the volume of the total membrane separator (8), which is the height corresponding to the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A).
  • a membrane boundary plate 103 is installed inside the membrane separation tank 8 to form the concentration tank 117, and the microfiltration or ultrafiltration inside the concentration tank 117.
  • the radioactive liquid waste concentrated by the microfiltration or ultrafiltration separation membrane 9-A remaining in the membrane separation tank 8 is introduced into the concentration tank 117, and thus the microfiltration or ultrafiltration.
  • the radioactive liquid waste may be further filtered by the separator 102 to reduce the volume of the radioactive liquid waste.
  • the volume of the concentration tank 117 to the total volume of the membrane separation tank 8 is 10: 5 to 10: 1, preferably 10: 3.5 to 10: 1.5, it is possible to appropriately reduce the volume of the highly concentrated liquid waste. have.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the oil removal filter device 101 is added to the front of the membrane separation tank (8).
  • the oil removal filter device 101 is installed at the front end of the membrane separation tank 8, the oil component is removed before the radioactive liquid waste flows into the membrane separation tank 8 so that the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane 9-A is removed. Contamination can be prevented, thereby reducing the throughput of radioactive liquid waste.
  • the oil removal filter device 101 has a maximum working temperature of 170 ° C., and has a filtration range of 1 to 400 ⁇ m. It is also characterized by being made of polyester material.
  • the oil removal filter device 101 is connected in series or in parallel with two or more in proportion to the processing flow rate of the radioactive liquid waste, and removes the oil component by atmospheric filtration or pressure filtration.
  • the contact pressure level sensor is attached to the atmospheric pressure filtration method, and the differential pressure gauge is attached to the pressure filtration method to determine the replacement time of the oil removal filter device 101.
  • the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is characterized by having at least one nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113 in addition to the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9-B.
  • the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113 may further include the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9 -B in addition to the waste liquid discharge path of the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9-B.
  • the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113 having a smaller size than the reverse osmosis membrane 9 -B is installed.
  • the present invention allows the waste liquid volume generated after the operation of the nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B) of the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus using the separator to be reduced in advance, and the concentrated waste liquid drying facility or the concentrated waste liquid separately installed in the nuclear power plant. It provides an eco-friendly way to save energy by reducing the operating load of the treatment facility.
  • the concentrated water not filtered by the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9 -B is stored in the concentrated waste drain tank 116, and the stored concentrated water is once again filtered by the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113. . Therefore, by additionally installing one or more nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113, it is possible to reduce the volume of the concentrated water by 70% or more than when the radioactive liquid waste treatment with the conventional radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described below with respect to the radioactive liquid waste treatment method of the present invention.
  • step (3) separating the treated water filtered in step (2) into a nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B);
  • the present invention includes the step of reducing the volume of concentrated radioactive liquid waste which is disposed of in the membrane separation tank 8 after normal operation of the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus. That is, the membrane shutoff valve 105 is closed to transfer the concentrated water to the concentration tank 117, the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane shutoff valve 106 is opened, and the membrane separation tank concentrated water circulation pump 109 is operated to operate the membrane. The unfiltered concentrated water remaining in the separation tank 8 is transferred to the concentration tank 117 and filtered through the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane 102, and the treated water is a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treated water storage tank 11-A. The brine is then discharged.
  • the invention also includes reducing the volume of concentrated radioactive liquid waste that is discarded from the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9-B. That is, the membrane shutoff valve 118 is closed, and the nano or reverse osmosis membrane shutoff valve 119 is opened to discharge the waste concentrated water of the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9-B to the concentrated waste drainage tank 116, and After treatment with the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113, the treated water is transferred to the nano or reverse osmosis membrane treated water storage tank (11-B), and the remaining concentrated water is discharged.
  • the radioactive liquid waste moves to the microfiltration or ultrafiltration separator 102, the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113, so that the volume of the finally discharged radioactive liquid waste can be reduced.
  • the performance of the oil removal filter device 101 was evaluated by adding oil to the oil removal filter device 101 at a rate of 1840 g / hr and measuring the amount of oil remaining without filtering. Three times a total of 91% of the oil was confirmed to be removed.
  • the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention (FIG. 2) was used to treat radioactive liquid waste of a nuclear power plant.
  • the radioactive liquid waste before treatment stored in the storage tank was measured by radioactivity and turbidity of the treated water filtered by the oil removal filter device 101, the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane 102 and the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113. Table 2 shows.
  • the Minimum Detectable Activity refers to a lower limit of detection.
  • the oil removal filter device 101 microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A), microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (102), nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B), nano or reverse osmosis membrane It has been found that the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, which is treated in the order of 113 and ion exchange tower 6, can also treat radioactive liquid waste of a heavy water reactor type nuclear power plant.
  • the present invention can reduce the volume of the radioactive liquid waste condensate by installing a concentration tank in the radioactive liquid waste treatment device, thereby reducing the operating load of the concentrated water drying facility or the concentrated water treatment facility, thereby saving energy.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a radioactive liquid waste disposal apparatus which is additionally equipped with an oil removing filter device, a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane, and a nano- or reverse osmosis membrane, and thereby can reduce the volume of concentrate water.

Description

방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치Radioactive liquid waste disposal device
본 발명은 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to radioactive liquid waste disposal.
우리나라 원자력 발전소는 방사성 액체 폐기물을 처리하기 위하여 증발기 또는 원심분리기를 처리 설비로 도입하여 운영하였다. 그러나 처리 설비의 성능이 감소하는 현상이 발생하여 이를 개선하고자 증발기 또는 원심분리기의 전단에 전처리 설비로 분리막을 설치하여 부유물질, 탁도유발물질, 세제, 보풀, 입자성 핵종(Cr, Co, Ag, Fe, K, Mg)을 사전에 제거하여 이온교환수지에서 최종 처리된 처리수를 방류할 수 있도록 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치를 개선하였다.Korean nuclear power plant operated an evaporator or centrifuge as a treatment facility to treat radioactive liquid waste. However, in order to improve the performance of the treatment equipment, the membrane is installed as a pretreatment equipment at the front of the evaporator or centrifuge, and suspended solids, turbidity-causing substances, detergents, lint, and particulate nuclides (Cr, Co, Ag, Fe, K, Mg) was removed in advance to improve the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus to discharge the treated water from the ion exchange resin.
이러한 방법은 대한민국 등록특허 제 10-06575769호에 개시되어 있으나, 이 방법은 방사성 액체 폐기물에 기름 성분이 포함되어 유입될 경우 정밀 여과 또는 한외 여과 분리막의 처리 유량이 감소하고, 붕산을 함유한 방사성 액체 폐기물이 유입될 경우에는 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막의 처리 유량이 감소하는 문제가 발생한다.This method is disclosed in Korean Patent No. 10-06575769, but this method reduces the flow rate of the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane when the radioactive liquid wastes contain oil, and the radioactive liquid containing boric acid. When the waste is introduced, a problem occurs that the treatment flow rate of the nano or reverse osmosis membrane is reduced.
또한, 상기 방법은 막 분리조를 배수하여 원자력 발전소에 설치된 농축폐액 저장탱크에 보관하여 별도의 농축폐액 건조설비 또는 농축폐액 처리설비를 이용하여 처리하도록 되어있으며, 분리막 가동 중에 발생하는 농축수도 상기와 같은 방법으로 처리하게 되어있다.In addition, the method is to drain the membrane separation tank to be stored in the concentrated waste storage tank installed in the nuclear power plant to be treated using a separate concentrated waste drying equipment or concentrated waste treatment equipment, and the concentrated water generated during the operation of the membrane is also In the same way.
그러나 상기 농축폐액 건조설비 또는 농축폐액 처리설비가 처리 가능한 용량 이상으로 농축수가 발생할 경우 농축폐액 저장탱크의 수위가 높아져 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 설비를 정지시켜 농축수가 발생하지 않도록 해야 하므로 연속 운전을 하지 못한다는 문제점이 발생한다.However, if the concentrated water occurs above the capacity of the concentrated waste drying facility or the concentrated waste treatment facility, the level of the concentrated waste storage tank is increased and the radioactive liquid waste treatment facility must be stopped to prevent the concentrated water from occurring. A problem occurs.
본 발명은 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치에 있어서, 막 분리조에 경계판을 설치하여 농축조를 형성하고, 상기 농축조 내부에 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막을 설치하여 농축수의 부피를 감소시키는 것을 목적으로 한다.In the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus, the purpose of the present invention is to reduce the volume of the concentrated water by installing a boundary plate in the membrane separation tank to form a concentration tank, and installing a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane inside the concentration tank.
또한, 추가로 기름제거 필터장치 및 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막을 설치하여 농축수의 부피를 감소시키는 것을 목적으로 한다.In addition, it is aimed to further reduce the volume of the concentrated water by installing an oil removal filter device and nano or reverse osmosis membrane.
또한, 본 발명의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치를 사용하여 농축수의 건조설비의 운전 부하를 경감시켜 에너지를 절약할 수 있는 친환경적인 방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide an environmentally friendly method that can save energy by reducing the operating load of the drying facility of the concentrated water using the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여,In order to achieve the above object,
본 발명은 내부에 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)이 설치된 막 분리조(8); 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B); 이온 교환하는 이온교환탑(6)을 순차적으로 포함하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치에 있어서, 상기 막 분리조(8) 내부에 막 경계판(103)을 설치하여 농축조(117)를 형성하고, 상기 농축조(117)는 내부에 1개 이상의 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102)이 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치를 제공한다.The present invention is a membrane separation tank (8) provided with a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A) therein; Nano or reverse osmosis membranes (9-B); In the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus including the ion exchange tower 6 to ion-exchange sequentially, the membrane boundary plate 103 is provided in the membrane separation tank 8, and the concentration tank 117 is formed, The said concentration tank 117 provides a radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus characterized by having one or more microfiltration or ultrafiltration separators 102 therein.
본 발명은 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치에 농축조를 설치함으로써 방사성 액체 폐기물 농축수의 부피를 감소시킬 수 있으며, 그로 인하여 농축수 건조설비 또는 농축수 처리설비의 운전 부하를 경감시켜 에너지를 절약할 수 있다.The present invention can reduce the volume of the radioactive liquid waste condensate by installing a concentration tank in the radioactive liquid waste treatment device, thereby reducing the operating load of the concentrated water drying facility or the concentrated water treatment facility, thereby saving energy.
또한, 기름성분 및 붕산을 함유하는 폐액 유입시 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)과 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)의 처리 유량이 감소되는 현상을 해결하여 안정적인 처리 유량을 확보할 수 있다.In addition, it is possible to secure a stable treatment flow rate by reducing the flow rate of the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A) and the nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B) when the waste liquid containing oil and boric acid is introduced. Can be.
도 1은 종래의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치이다.1 is a conventional radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus.
도 2는 본 발명의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치이다.2 is a radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.
이하, 부호에 대해서 설명한다.Hereinafter, the code will be described.
1 : 방사성 액체 폐기물상기 1: radioactive liquid waste
6 : 이온교환탑6: ion exchange tower
7 : 최종 처리수7: final treated water
8 : 막 분리조8: membrane separation tank
9-A : 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 9-A: Microfiltration or Ultrafiltration Membrane
9-B : 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막9-B: nano or reverse osmosis membrane
10-A : 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 처리수 10-A: Microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treated water
10-B : 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 처리수 10-B: nano or reverse osmosis membrane treated water
11-A : 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 처리수 저장조11-A: Microfiltration or Ultrafiltration Membrane Treatment Tank
11-B : 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 처리수 저장조11-B: Nano or Reverse Osmosis Membrane Treated Water Storage Tank
12-A : 공급수12-A: Supply Water
12-B : 공급수12-B: Supply Water
101 : 기름제거 필터장치101: oil removal filter device
102 : 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막102: microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane
103 : 막 분리조 경계 판103: membrane separation tank boundary plate
104 : 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 처리수 이송배관104: microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treated water delivery piping
105 : 분리막 차단밸브105: membrane blocking valve
106 : 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 차단밸브106: microfiltration or ultrafiltration separation valve
107 : 막분리조 농축수 순환배관107: membrane separation tank concentrated water circulation piping
108 : 막분리조 농축수 흡입배관108: membrane separation tank concentrated water suction pipe
109 : 막분리조 농축수 순환펌프109: membrane separation tank concentrated water circulation pump
110 : 막분리조 배수배관110: membrane separation pipe drainage pipe
111 : 분리막 농축수111: membrane concentrate
112 : 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 공급수112: nano or reverse osmosis membrane feed water
113 : 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막113: nano or reverse osmosis membrane
114 : 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 처리수114: nano or reverse osmosis membrane treated water
115 : 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 농축수115: nano or reverse osmosis membrane concentrated water
116 : 농축폐액 배수 탱크116: concentrated waste liquid drainage tank
117 : 농축조117 thickening tank
118 : 분리막 차단 밸브118: membrane shut off valve
119 : 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 차단 밸브119: Nano or Reverse Osmosis Membrane Shut-off Valve
이하, 본 발명을 보다 자세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
본 발명의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치는 내부에 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)이 설치된 막 분리조(8); 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B); 이온 교환하는 이온교환탑(6)이 순차적으로 설치되어있으며, 상기 막 분리조(8) 내부에 막 경계판(103)을 설치하여 농축조(117)를 형성하고, 상기 농축조(117)는 내부에 1개 이상의 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102)이 있는 것이 특징이다.The radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a membrane separation tank (8) provided with a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A) therein; Nano or reverse osmosis membranes (9-B); The ion exchange tower 6 for ion exchange is sequentially installed, and a membrane boundary plate 103 is installed inside the membrane separation tank 8 to form a concentration tank 117, and the concentration tank 117 is disposed therein. It is characterized by the presence of one or more microfiltration or ultrafiltration separation membranes 102.
보다 자세하게는 하기와 같이 구성되어 있다.In more detail, it is comprised as follows.
내부에 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)이 설치된 막 분리조(8); 상기 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)에 의해 여과된 처리수를 저장하는 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 처리수 저장조(11-A); 상기 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 처리수 저장조(11-A)에 저장된 처리수를 여과하는 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B); 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)에 의해 여과된 처리수를 저장하는 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 처리수 저장조(11-B) 및 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 처리수 저장조(11-B)에 저장된 처리수를 이온 교환하는 이온교환탑(6)이 순차적으로 설치되었으며, 상기 막 분리조(8) 내부에 막 경계판(103)을 설치하여 농축조(117)를 형성하고, 상기 농축조(117)는 내부에 1개 이상의 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102)이 설치되어 있다.A membrane separation tank 8 in which a microfiltration or ultrafiltration separation membrane 9-A is installed therein; A microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treatment water storage tank 11-A for storing the treated water filtered by the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane 9-A; Nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B) for filtering the treated water stored in the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treatment water storage tank (11-A); Stored in the nano or reverse osmosis membrane treated water storage tank (11-B) for storing the treated water filtered by the nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B) and the nano or reverse osmosis membrane treated water storage tank (11-B) An ion exchange tower 6 for ion-exchanging treated water was sequentially installed, and a membrane boundary plate 103 was installed inside the membrane separation tank 8 to form a concentration tank 117, and the concentration tank 117 One or more microfiltration or ultrafiltration separators 102 are provided therein.
본 발명은 막 분리조(8)에서 고농도로 농축된 방사성 액체폐기물을 배수할 경우 배수되는 고농축 방사성 액체폐기물의 부피를 사전에 감용 시킬 수 있어, 원자력발전소에 별도로 설치된 농축폐액건조설비 또는 농축페액처리설비의 운전부하를 경감시켜 에너지를 절약할 수 있는 친환경적인 방법을 제공한다.According to the present invention, when the highly concentrated radioactive liquid waste is drained from the membrane separation tank 8, the volume of the highly concentrated radioactive liquid waste drained can be reduced in advance, and the concentrated waste drying facility or the concentrated waste solution installed separately in the nuclear power plant. It provides an eco-friendly way to save energy by reducing the operating load of the facility.
즉, 일정 시간 가동 후, 잔류 방사성 액체 폐기물의 배수를 위하여 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치를 정지하게 되면 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)이 물 속에 침지되어 진공으로 운전되는 특성 때문에 막 분리조(8)에 남아있는 고농축 방사성 액체 폐기물은 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)에 해당하는 높이인 전체 막 분리조(8) 부피의 50% 이상의 부피를 차지하게 된다. That is, after a certain time of operation, when the radioactive liquid waste treatment device is stopped for drainage of residual radioactive liquid waste, the membrane separation tank (9-A) is immersed in water and operated under vacuum. The highly concentrated radioactive liquid waste remaining in 8) will occupy at least 50% of the volume of the total membrane separator (8), which is the height corresponding to the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A).
따라서, 배수되는 고농축 방사성 액체 폐기물의 부피를 감소시키기 위하여 막 분리조(8) 내부에 막 경계판(103)을 설치하여 농축조(117)를 형성시키고, 상기 농축조(117) 내부에 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102)을 설치함으로써, 막 분리조(8)에 남아있는 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)에 의해 농축된 방사성 액체 폐기물을 농축조(117) 내부로 유입시켜 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102)에 의해 방사성 액체 폐기물을 추가로 여과하여 방사성 액체 폐기물의 부피를 감소시킬 수 있다. 이때 막 분리조(8)의 전체 부피 대비 농축조(117)의 부피는 10:5 내지 10:1, 바람직하게는 10:3.5 내지 10:1.5 일 때, 고농축 액체 폐기물의 부피를 적절하게 감축시킬 수 있다.Therefore, in order to reduce the volume of the highly concentrated radioactive liquid waste water, a membrane boundary plate 103 is installed inside the membrane separation tank 8 to form the concentration tank 117, and the microfiltration or ultrafiltration inside the concentration tank 117. By installing the filtration separation membrane 102, the radioactive liquid waste concentrated by the microfiltration or ultrafiltration separation membrane 9-A remaining in the membrane separation tank 8 is introduced into the concentration tank 117, and thus the microfiltration or ultrafiltration. The radioactive liquid waste may be further filtered by the separator 102 to reduce the volume of the radioactive liquid waste. In this case, when the volume of the concentration tank 117 to the total volume of the membrane separation tank 8 is 10: 5 to 10: 1, preferably 10: 3.5 to 10: 1.5, it is possible to appropriately reduce the volume of the highly concentrated liquid waste. have.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 막 분리조(8) 전단에 기름제거 필터장치(101)를 추가하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 상기 막 분리조(8) 전단에 기름제거 필터장치(101)를 설치하면 방사성 액체 폐기물이 막 분리조(8)로 유입되기 전에 기름 성분이 제거되어 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)의 오염을 방지할 수 있어 방사성 액체 폐기물의 처리유량 감소 문제를 해결할 수 있다.In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the oil removal filter device 101 is added to the front of the membrane separation tank (8). When the oil removal filter device 101 is installed at the front end of the membrane separation tank 8, the oil component is removed before the radioactive liquid waste flows into the membrane separation tank 8 so that the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane 9-A is removed. Contamination can be prevented, thereby reducing the throughput of radioactive liquid waste.
상기 기름제거 필터장치(101)는 최대 사용온도가 170℃이며, 1 내지 400μm의 여과 범위를 가진다. 또한 폴리에스터 재질로 제조되는 것이 특징이다. 상기 기름제거 필터장치(101)는 방사성 액체 폐기물의 처리 유량에 비례하여 2개 이상의 직렬 또는 병렬로 연결되며, 대기압 여과방식 또는 가압 여과방식으로 기름 성분을 제거한다. 상기 대기압 여과방식에는 접촉식 수위 센서가 부착되어있으며, 상기 가압 여과방식에는 차압계가 부착되어 있어 기름제거 필터장치(101)의 교체 시점을 판단할 수 있다.The oil removal filter device 101 has a maximum working temperature of 170 ° C., and has a filtration range of 1 to 400 μm. It is also characterized by being made of polyester material. The oil removal filter device 101 is connected in series or in parallel with two or more in proportion to the processing flow rate of the radioactive liquid waste, and removes the oil component by atmospheric filtration or pressure filtration. The contact pressure level sensor is attached to the atmospheric pressure filtration method, and the differential pressure gauge is attached to the pressure filtration method to determine the replacement time of the oil removal filter device 101.
또한, 본 발명의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치는 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B) 이외에 1개 이상의 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113)이 있는 것이 특징이다. 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113)은 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)에서 배출되는 폐액을 감소시키기 위하여 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)의 폐액 배출 경로에 추가로 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)보다 크기가 작은 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113)을 설치한다. 즉, 본 발명은 분리막을 이용한 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치의 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B) 가동 후에 발생한 폐액 부피를 사전에 감용 시킬 수 있도록 하여, 원자력 발전소에 별도로 설치된 농축폐액 건조설비 또는 농축페액 처리설비의 운전부하를 경감시켜 에너지를 절약할 수 있는 친환경적인 방법을 제공한다.In addition, the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is characterized by having at least one nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113 in addition to the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9-B. The nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113 may further include the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9 -B in addition to the waste liquid discharge path of the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9-B. The nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113 having a smaller size than the reverse osmosis membrane 9 -B is installed. That is, the present invention allows the waste liquid volume generated after the operation of the nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B) of the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus using the separator to be reduced in advance, and the concentrated waste liquid drying facility or the concentrated waste liquid separately installed in the nuclear power plant. It provides an eco-friendly way to save energy by reducing the operating load of the treatment facility.
상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)에 의해 여과되지 않은 농축수는 농축폐액 배수탱크(116)에 저장되고, 저장된 농축수는 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113)에 의해 다시 한번 더 여과된다. 따라서 1개 이상의 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113)을 추가로 설치함으로써, 종래의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치로 방사성 액체 폐기물을 처리했을 때 보다 농축수의 부피를 70% 이상 감소시킬 수 있다.The concentrated water not filtered by the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9 -B is stored in the concentrated waste drain tank 116, and the stored concentrated water is once again filtered by the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113. . Therefore, by additionally installing one or more nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113, it is possible to reduce the volume of the concentrated water by 70% or more than when the radioactive liquid waste treatment with the conventional radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus.
도 2는 본 발명의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치의 일 예를 도시한 것으로 이하 이를 바탕으로 본 발명의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 방법을 설명한다.Figure 2 shows an example of the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described below with respect to the radioactive liquid waste treatment method of the present invention.
(1)방사성 액체 폐기물의 기름 성분을 기름제거 필터장치(101)로 제거하는 단계;(1) removing the oil component of the radioactive liquid waste with an oil removal filter device (101);
(2)상기 기름 성분이 제거된 방사성 액체 폐기물을 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A) 또는 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A) 및 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102)으로 여과하는 단계;(2) filtering the radioactive liquid waste from which the oil component is removed by microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A) or microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A) and microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (102). ;
(3)상기 (2)단계에서 여과된 처리수를 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)으로 분리하는 단계; 및(3) separating the treated water filtered in step (2) into a nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B); And
(4)상기 (3)단계에서 여과된 처리수를 이온교환탑(6)에서 이온교환하여 최종 처리수를 얻는 단계를 포함한다.(4) ion-exchanging the treated water filtered in step (3) in the ion exchange column 6 to obtain a final treated water.
본 발명은 상기 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치의 정상 가동 후 막 분리조(8)에서 폐기하는 농축 방사성 액체 폐기물의 부피를 감소시키는 단계를 포함한다. 즉, 농축수를 농축조(117)로 이송시키기 위하여 분리막 차단밸브(105)를 닫고, 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 차단밸브(106)는 열고, 막 분리조 농축수 순환펌프(109)를 작동시켜 막 분리조(8)에 남아있는 여과되지 않은 농축수를 농축조(117)로 이송시켜 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102)으로 여과하여 처리수는 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 처리수 저장조(11-A)로 이송하고 남은 농축수는 배출한다. The present invention includes the step of reducing the volume of concentrated radioactive liquid waste which is disposed of in the membrane separation tank 8 after normal operation of the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus. That is, the membrane shutoff valve 105 is closed to transfer the concentrated water to the concentration tank 117, the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane shutoff valve 106 is opened, and the membrane separation tank concentrated water circulation pump 109 is operated to operate the membrane. The unfiltered concentrated water remaining in the separation tank 8 is transferred to the concentration tank 117 and filtered through the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane 102, and the treated water is a microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane treated water storage tank 11-A. The brine is then discharged.
또한, 본 발명은 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)으로부터 폐기되는 농축 방사성 액체 폐기물의 부피를 감소시키는 단계를 포함한다. 즉, 분리막 차단 밸브(118)를 닫고, 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 차단밸브(119)를 열어 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)의 폐기 농축수를 농축폐액 배수 탱크(116)로 배출하고, 이를 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113)으로 처리한 후 처리수는 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 처리수 저장조(11-B)로 이송하고, 남은 농축수는 배출한다.The invention also includes reducing the volume of concentrated radioactive liquid waste that is discarded from the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9-B. That is, the membrane shutoff valve 118 is closed, and the nano or reverse osmosis membrane shutoff valve 119 is opened to discharge the waste concentrated water of the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 9-B to the concentrated waste drainage tank 116, and After treatment with the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113, the treated water is transferred to the nano or reverse osmosis membrane treated water storage tank (11-B), and the remaining concentrated water is discharged.
따라서, 본 발명에서 방사성 액체 폐기물은 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102), 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113)으로 이동하므로 최종 배출되는 방사성 액체 폐기물의 부피를 줄일 수 있다.Therefore, in the present invention, the radioactive liquid waste moves to the microfiltration or ultrafiltration separator 102, the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113, so that the volume of the finally discharged radioactive liquid waste can be reduced.
이하, 실험예를 통하여 본 발명을 더욱 상세하게 설명하기로 한다. 이들 실험예는 단지 본 발명을 예시하기 위한 것이므로, 본 발명의 범위가 이들 실험예에 제한되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to experimental examples. Since these experimental examples are only for illustrating the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these experimental examples.
실험예 1. 기름제거 필터장치(101)의 기름 제거 성능 평가Experimental Example 1. Evaluation of oil removal performance of the oil removal filter device 101
기름제거 필터장치(101)에 1840g/hr의 속도로 기름을 투입하여 여과되지 않고 남아있는 기름의 양을 측정하여 기름제거 필터장치(101)의 성능을 평가하였다. 총 3회 실시하여 평균 91%의 기름이 제거되는 것을 확인하였다.The performance of the oil removal filter device 101 was evaluated by adding oil to the oil removal filter device 101 at a rate of 1840 g / hr and measuring the amount of oil remaining without filtering. Three times a total of 91% of the oil was confirmed to be removed.
표 1
기름제거필터 Bag 제거성능 결과표
횟 수 1차 2차 3차 평균
기름여과성능(%) 투입기름중량(g/hr) 1840 1840 1840 91%
제거기름중량(g/hr) 1674 1692 1674
Table 1
Oil removal filter bag removal performance result table
Count Primary Secondary 3rd Average
Oil filtration performance (%) Input oil weight (g / hr) 1840 1840 1840 91%
Removing oil weight (g / hr) 1674 1692 1674
실험예 2. 원자력 발전소의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리Experimental Example 2 Treatment of Radioactive Liquid Waste in a Nuclear Power Plant
본 발명의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치(도2)를 사용하여 원자력 발전소의 방사성 액체 폐기물을 처리하였다. 저장탱크에 저장된 처리 전의 방사성 액체 폐기물을 기름제거 필터장치(101), 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102) 및 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113)에 의하여 여과된 처리수의 방사능과 탁도를 측정하여 하기 표 2에 나타내었다.The radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention (FIG. 2) was used to treat radioactive liquid waste of a nuclear power plant. The radioactive liquid waste before treatment stored in the storage tank was measured by radioactivity and turbidity of the treated water filtered by the oil removal filter device 101, the microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane 102 and the nano or reverse osmosis membrane 113. Table 2 shows.
표 2
원자력발전소 방사성 액체폐기물 처리결과
항 목 처리전 폐기물 기름제거필터 처리수 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막 처리수 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막 처리수
총방사능([Bq/㎥]) 405000 370900 10500 MDA미만
탁도(NTU) 29.4 2.3 0.11 0.03
TABLE 2
Radioactive Liquid Waste Treatment Results
Item Waste before treatment Oil removal filter Microfiltration or Ultrafiltration Membrane Treatment Nano or reverse osmosis membrane treated water
Total radioactivity ([Bq / ㎥]) 405000 370900 10500 Less than MDA
Turbidity (NTU) 29.4 2.3 0.11 0.03
상기 MDA(Minimum Detectable Activity)는 검출 하한치를 말한다.The Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) refers to a lower limit of detection.
상기 결과를 통하여 기름제거 필터장치(101), 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A), 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102), 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B), 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113) 및 이온교환탑(6)의 순서로 처리되는 본 발명의 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치는 중수로형 원자력 발전소의 방사성 액체 폐기물도 처리할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.The oil removal filter device 101, microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (9-A), microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (102), nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B), nano or reverse osmosis membrane It has been found that the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, which is treated in the order of 113 and ion exchange tower 6, can also treat radioactive liquid waste of a heavy water reactor type nuclear power plant.
본 발명은 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치에 농축조를 설치함으로써 방사성 액체 폐기물 농축수의 부피를 감소시킬 수 있으며, 그로 인하여 농축수 건조설비 또는 농축수 처리설비의 운전 부하를 경감시켜 에너지를 절약할 수 있다.The present invention can reduce the volume of the radioactive liquid waste condensate by installing a concentration tank in the radioactive liquid waste treatment device, thereby reducing the operating load of the concentrated water drying facility or the concentrated water treatment facility, thereby saving energy.

Claims (7)

  1. 내부에 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(9-A)이 설치된 막 분리조(8); 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B); 이온 교환하는 이온교환탑(6)을 순차적으로 포함하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치에 있어서, 상기 막 분리조(8) 내부에 막 경계판(103)을 설치하여 농축조(117)를 형성하고, 상기 농축조(117)는 내부에 1개 이상의 정밀여과 또는 한외여과 분리막(102)이 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치.A membrane separation tank 8 in which a microfiltration or ultrafiltration separation membrane 9-A is installed therein; Nano or reverse osmosis membranes (9-B); In the radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus including the ion exchange tower 6 to ion-exchange sequentially, the membrane boundary plate 103 is provided in the membrane separation tank 8, and the concentration tank 117 is formed, The said concentration tank 117 is a radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that there is at least one microfiltration or ultrafiltration membrane (102) therein.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 막 분리조(8)는 전단에 기름제거 필터장치(101)가 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치.The radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the membrane separation tank (8) has an oil removal filter device (101) at the front end.
  3. 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 기름제거 필터장치(101)는 170℃의 최대 사용온도 및 1 내지 400μm의 여과 범위를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치.The radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the oil removal filter device (101) has a maximum use temperature of 170 ° C and a filtration range of 1 to 400 µm.
  4. 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 기름제거 필터장치(101)는 대기압 여과방식 또는 가압 여과방식인 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치.The radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the oil removal filter device (101) is atmospheric pressure filtration or pressure filtration.
  5. 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 기름제거 필터장치(101)는 2개 이상의 직렬 또는 병렬로 연결된 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치.The radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the oil removal filter device (101) is connected in two or more in series or in parallel.
  6. 청구항 4에 있어서, 상기 대기압 여과방식은 접촉식 수위센서를 포함하고, 상기 가압 여과방식은 차압계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치.The radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the atmospheric pressure filtration method includes a contact level sensor, and the pressure filtration method includes a differential pressure gauge.
  7. 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)의 폐액을 감소시키기 위하여 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)의 폐액 배출 경로에 추가로 상기 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(9-B)보다 크기가 작은 나노 또는 역삼투 분리막(113)을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방사성 액체 폐기물 처리 장치.The method of claim 1, wherein the nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B) in addition to the waste solution discharge path of the nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B) in order to reduce the waste liquid of the nano or reverse osmosis membrane (9-B) Radioactive liquid waste treatment apparatus comprising a nano or reverse osmosis membrane (113) smaller in size.
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